fix(core): preserve Claude context windows - #61136

Issue for this PR

Closes #61020

Type of change

• Bug fix
• New feature
• Refactor / code improvement
• Documentation

What does this PR do?

Recheck connected Claude Agent catalogs when a model lacks its context window. A chat's startup report now reuses the latest stored windows instead of its location's startup snapshot. Fresh probe values still take precedence.

How did you verify your code works?

• Both regressions fail before the fix.
• On current dev, Claude provider tests passed 10 times: 840 passed.
• Core typecheck:tsc and root bun run check passed (35 tasks).
• Tests use recorded Claude protocol exchanges and SQLite, not a live account.
• The full Core run on the preceding base had 17 unrelated failures; all 17 reproduced with unchanged production code.

Visual

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="240" height="72" viewBox="0 0 240 72">
  <style>@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){.window{animation:pulse 2s infinite}}@keyframes pulse{50%{opacity:.45}}</style>
  <g fill="none" stroke="currentColor">
    <rect x="8" y="16" width="88" height="40" rx="6" opacity=".4"/>
    <path d="M105 36h27m-6-5 6 5-6 5" opacity=".6"/>
    <rect class="window" x="144" y="16" width="88" height="40" rx="6"/>
  </g>
  <g fill="currentColor" font-family="monospace" font-size="11" text-anchor="middle">
    <text x="52" y="40" opacity=".6">missing</text>
    <text x="188" y="40">restored</text>
  </g>
</svg>

Screenshots / recordings

Not a UI change; provider catalog and storage logic only.

Checklist

• Local tests run (AI-assisted; results above)
• No unrelated changes

AI assistance was used for implementation, tests and review.