Currently there is an important piece missing in the documentation - the way how to integrate the translation strings for the used wp.i18n-functions in the blocks.

An example I have found (with the help of @Soean) in the i18n block example by @swissspidy
https://github.com/swissspidy/gutenberg-i18n-block/