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Merged
fneum merged 15 commits into from
May 12, 2024
Merged

Organic Rankine Cycle Data #111

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d762f67
added organic rankine cycle, moved some data from EGS
LukasFrankenQ Nov 12, 2023
6ed3e41
specified type of power
LukasFrankenQ Nov 12, 2023
70ddb81
fixed type in PR template
LukasFrankenQ Nov 12, 2023
a02cd60
moved geothermal, orc to manual_input.csv
LukasFrankenQ Nov 25, 2023
19f96b6
round values in manual input as integers
LukasFrankenQ Dec 18, 2023
d025178
Merge https://github.com/pypsa/technology-data
LukasFrankenQ Dec 18, 2023
a17df91
Merge https://github.com/pypsa/technology-data
LukasFrankenQ Jan 9, 2024
54cbf32
changed efficiency description and cost labeling + currency of ORC
LukasFrankenQ Jan 9, 2024
2b800ad
Merge https://github.com/pypsa/technology-data
LukasFrankenQ Feb 6, 2024
e3cf0a3
included new round of feedback
LukasFrankenQ Feb 6, 2024
f7b4022
updated output files
LukasFrankenQ Feb 9, 2024
4b25dc3
merged with upstream
LukasFrankenQ Mar 14, 2024
3901bae
Merge https://github.com/pypsa/technology-data
LukasFrankenQ Mar 26, 2024
000fdb7
updated outputs
LukasFrankenQ Mar 26, 2024
b281026
Merge branch 'master' into master
fneum May 12, 2024
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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion .github/pull_request_template.md
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Expand Up @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Closes # (if applicable).
## Checklist

- [ ] Code changes are sufficiently documented; i.e. new functions contain docstrings and further explanations may be given in `doc`.
- [ ] Data source for new technologies is cleary stated.
- [ ] Data source for new technologies is clearly stated.
- [ ] Newly introduced dependencies are added to `environment.yaml` (if applicable).
- [ ] A note for the release notes `doc/release_notes.rst` of the upcoming release is included.
- [ ] I consent to the release of this PR's code under the GPLv3 license.
6 changes: 6 additions & 0 deletions docs/release_notes.rst
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Expand Up @@ -40,6 +40,12 @@ Technology-Data 0.7.0 (7 February 2024)

* Added FOM for enhanced geothermal systems.

* Added data for Organic Rankine Cycles.

* Moved efficiency for electricity generation from geothermal to ORC.

* Moved addition of geothermal data from `compile_cost_assumptions.py` to `manual_input.csv`.

* Costs for 'fuel' provided in the manual_inputs.csv are now also adjusted for inflation.

* Updated cost assumptions for 'nuclear', 'coal', and 'lignite' to Lazard's LCoE V16 (2023).
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11 changes: 10 additions & 1 deletion inputs/manual_input.csv
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Expand Up @@ -338,8 +338,17 @@ lignite,lifetime,2020,40,years,2023,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis
lignite,efficiency,2020,0.33,p.u.,2023,"Lazard's levelized cost of energy analysis - version 16.0 (2023): https://www.lazard.com/media/typdgxmm/lazards-lcoeplus-april-2023.pdf , pg. 49 (Levelized Cost of Energy - Key Assumptions), accessed: 2023-12-14.","Calculated based on average of listed range, i.e. 1 / ((8.75+12) MMbtu/MWh_th /2 / (3.4095 MMbtu/MWh_th)), rounded up. Note: Assume same costs as for hard coal, as cost structure is apparently comparable, see https://diglib.tugraz.at/download.php?id=6093e88b63f93&location=browse and https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/ae17da3d-e8a5-4163-a3ec-2e6fb0b5677d/Projected-Costs-of-Generating-Electricity-2020.pdf . "
lignite,fuel,2020,2.9,EUR/MWh_th,2010,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.","Based on IEA 2011 data, 10 USD/t."
gas,fuel,2020,21.6,EUR/MWh_th,2010,"DIW (2013): Current and propsective costs of electricity generation until 2050, http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348 , pg. 80 text below figure 10, accessed: 2023-12-14.",Based on IEA 2011 data.
organic rankine cycle,lifetime,2020,30,years,2020,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",
organic rankine cycle,electricity-input,2020,0.12,MWh_el/MWh_th,2020,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","Heat-input, Electricity-output. This is a rough estimate, depends on input temperature, implies ~150 C."
organic rankine cycle,FOM,2020,2,%/year,2020,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551","Both for flash, binary and ORC plants. See Supplemental Material for details"
organic rankine cycle,investment,2020,1376,EUR/kW_el,2020,Tartiere and Astolfi 2017: A world overview of the organic Rankine cycle market,"Low rollout complicates the estimation, compounded by a dependence both on plant size and temperature, converted from 1500 USD/kW using currency conversion 1.09 USD = 1 EUR."
geothermal,CO2 intensity,2020,0.12,tCO2/MWh_el,2020,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations
geothermal,lifetime,2020,30,years,2020,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",
geothermal,district heat-input,2020,0.8,MWh_thdh/MWh_th,2020,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","Heat-input, District Heat-output. This is an assessment of typical heat losses when heat is transmitted from the EGS plant to the DH network, This is a rough estimate, depends on local conditions"
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@euronion euronion Jan 12, 2024

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Question: Shouldn't heat input vs. heat output be > 1?

Based on the previous 0.8 efficiency value like: 1 / 0.8 = 1.25 ?

if not, maybe I'm misunderstanding the value.

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@LukasFrankenQ LukasFrankenQ Feb 6, 2024

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I see where the intuition is coming from, but I was convinced otherwise, and feel confident in 80% 👍

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@euronion euronion Feb 11, 2024

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Ok... I guess? It doesn't make any sense to me and the description in the file isn't explaining it. Would you care to indulge me? Or should I just accept and be quiet? ;-)

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@LukasFrankenQ LukasFrankenQ Mar 27, 2024

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Heya @euronion, sorry for missing this and for going 'dude, trust me.'
I hope I get this right, but I think your intuition is summarized as such:
Say we have Q_in with temperature 150 degreesC, and it meets demand Q_out with a temperature of 90 degrees, then shouldnt that happen at an efficiency of > 1.. Is that the intuition? Otherwise we are talking about different things.
What this intuition misses is that the temperature is already priced into the power (roughly mass flow times temperature). So when thinking about situation where Q_in = Q_out, but they have a 60 degreeC temperature difference what we are really talking about is the hotter flow having a much smaller mass flow and us mixing in cooler liquid to accommodate the properties required at Q_out... Does that help? Maybe it wasnt the problem, does not feel very complex but mass flow is what was missing in my intuition.

geothermal,FOM,2020,2,%/year,2020,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details
geothermal,district heat surcharge,2020,25,%,2020,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping."
electrolysis,investment,2020,2000,EUR/kW_e,2020,private communications; IEA https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/9e0c82d4-06d2-496b-9542-f184ba803645/TheRoleofE-fuelsinDecarbonisingTransport.pdf,
electrolysis,investment,2025,1800,EUR/kW_e,2020,private communications; IEA https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/9e0c82d4-06d2-496b-9542-f184ba803645/TheRoleofE-fuelsinDecarbonisingTransport.pdf,
electrolysis,investment,2030,1500,EUR/kW_e,2020,private communications; IEA https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/9e0c82d4-06d2-496b-9542-f184ba803645/TheRoleofE-fuelsinDecarbonisingTransport.pdf,
electrolysis,investment,2040,1200,EUR/kW_e,2020,private communications; IEA https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/9e0c82d4-06d2-496b-9542-f184ba803645/TheRoleofE-fuelsinDecarbonisingTransport.pdf,
electrolysis,investment,2050,1000,EUR/kW_e,2020,private communications; IEA https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/9e0c82d4-06d2-496b-9542-f184ba803645/TheRoleofE-fuelsinDecarbonisingTransport.pdf,
electrolysis,investment,2050,1000,EUR/kW_e,2020,private communications; IEA https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/9e0c82d4-06d2-496b-9542-f184ba803645/TheRoleofE-fuelsinDecarbonisingTransport.pdf,
15 changes: 9 additions & 6 deletions outputs/costs_2020.csv
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Expand Up @@ -851,12 +851,11 @@ gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Stor
gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0
gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0
gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0
geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity,
geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551","Both for flash, binary and ORC plants. See Supplemental Material for details",
geothermal,district heating cost,0.25,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%",
geothermal,efficiency electricity,0.1,per unit,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","This is a rough estimate, depends on local conditions",
geothermal,efficiency residential heat,0.8,per unit,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","This is a rough estimate, depends on local conditions",
geothermal,lifetime,30.0,years,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",,
geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0
geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0
geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0
geothermal,district heat-input,0.8,MWh_thdh/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","Heat-input, District Heat-output. This is an assessment of typical heat losses when heat is transmitted from the EGS plant to the DH network, This is a rough estimate, depends on local conditions",2020.0
geothermal,lifetime,30.0,years,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",,2020.0
helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -969,6 +968,10 @@ onwind,FOM,1.2514,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xl
onwind,VOM,1.5873,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M,2015.0
onwind,investment,1183.9119,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment ,2015.0
onwind,lifetime,27.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime,2015.0
organic rankine cycle,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551","Both for flash, binary and ORC plants. See Supplemental Material for details",2020.0
organic rankine cycle,electricity-input,0.12,MWh_el/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","Heat-input, Electricity-output. This is a rough estimate, depends on input temperature, implies ~150 C.",2020.0
organic rankine cycle,investment,1376.0,EUR/kW_el,Tartiere and Astolfi 2017: A world overview of the organic Rankine cycle market,"Low rollout complicates the estimation, compounded by a dependence both on plant size and temperature, converted from 1500 USD/kW using currency conversion 1.09 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0
organic rankine cycle,lifetime,30.0,years,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",,2020.0
ror,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
ror,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
ror,investment,3412.2266,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0
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15 changes: 9 additions & 6 deletions outputs/costs_2025.csv
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Expand Up @@ -851,12 +851,11 @@ gas storage,investment,0.0348,EUR/kWh,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Stor
gas storage,lifetime,100.0,years,TODO no source,"estimation: most underground storage are already build, they do have a long lifetime",2015.0
gas storage charger,investment,15.1737,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0
gas storage discharger,investment,5.0579,EUR/kW,Danish Energy Agency,"150 Underground Storage of Gas, Process equipment (units converted)",2015.0
geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity,
geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551","Both for flash, binary and ORC plants. See Supplemental Material for details",
geothermal,district heating cost,0.25,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%",
geothermal,efficiency electricity,0.1,per unit,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","This is a rough estimate, depends on local conditions",
geothermal,efficiency residential heat,0.8,per unit,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","This is a rough estimate, depends on local conditions",
geothermal,lifetime,30.0,years,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",,
geothermal,CO2 intensity,0.12,tCO2/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",Likely to be improved; Average of 85 percent of global egs power plant capacity; Result of fluid circulation through rock formations,2020.0
geothermal,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",See Supplemental Material of source for details,2020.0
geothermal,district heat surcharge,25.0,%,Frey et al. 2022: Techno-Economic Assessment of Geothermal Resources in the Variscan Basement of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben,"If capital cost of electric generation from EGS is 100%, district heating adds additional 25%. Costs incurred by piping.",2020.0
geothermal,district heat-input,0.8,MWh_thdh/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","Heat-input, District Heat-output. This is an assessment of typical heat losses when heat is transmitted from the EGS plant to the DH network, This is a rough estimate, depends on local conditions",2020.0
geothermal,lifetime,30.0,years,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",,2020.0
helmeth,FOM,3.0,%/year,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
helmeth,efficiency,0.8,per unit,HELMETH press release, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
helmeth,investment,2116.4433,EUR/kW,no source, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
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onwind,VOM,1.508,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Variable O&M,2015.0
onwind,investment,1139.8826,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Nominal investment ,2015.0
onwind,lifetime,28.5,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",20 Onshore turbines: Technical lifetime,2015.0
organic rankine cycle,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551","Both for flash, binary and ORC plants. See Supplemental Material for details",2020.0
organic rankine cycle,electricity-input,0.12,MWh_el/MWh_th,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551; Breede et al. 2015: Overcoming challenges in the classification of deep geothermal potential, https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/169585/","Heat-input, Electricity-output. This is a rough estimate, depends on input temperature, implies ~150 C.",2020.0
organic rankine cycle,investment,1376.0,EUR/kW_el,Tartiere and Astolfi 2017: A world overview of the organic Rankine cycle market,"Low rollout complicates the estimation, compounded by a dependence both on plant size and temperature, converted from 1500 USD/kW using currency conversion 1.09 USD = 1 EUR.",2020.0
organic rankine cycle,lifetime,30.0,years,"Aghahosseini, Breyer 2020: From hot rock to useful energy: A global estimate of enhanced geothermal systems potential, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920312551",,2020.0
ror,FOM,2.0,%/year,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
ror,efficiency,0.9,per unit,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2015.0
ror,investment,3412.2266,EUR/kWel,DIW DataDoc http://hdl.handle.net/10419/80348, from old pypsa cost assumptions,2010.0
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