It is a useful data augmentation method for MRI.

Reference:

[1] Van Leemput, Koen, et al. "Automated model-based tissue classification of MR images of the brain." IEEE transactions on medical imaging 18.10 (1999): 897-908.

[2] Sudre, Carole H., et al. "Longitudinal segmentation of age-related white matter hyperintensities." Medical Image Analysis 38 (2017): 50-64.