Backported PRs:
- [x] #55849 <!-- Mmap: fix grow! for non file IOs -->
- [x] #55863 <!-- Update TaskLocalRNG docstring according to #49110 -->
- [x] #54433 <!-- Root globals in toplevel exprs -->
- [x] #55828 <!-- Fix some corner cases of `isapprox` with unsigned
integers -->
- [x] #55890 <!-- Profile: fix order of fields in heapsnapshot & improve
formatting -->
- [x] #55884 <!-- inference: add missing `TypeVar` handling for
`instanceof_tfunc` -->
- [x] #55881 <!-- Install terminfo data under /usr/share/julia -->
- [x] #55909 <!-- do not intentionally suppress errors in precompile
script from being reported or failing the result -->
- [x] #55355 <!-- relocation: account for trailing path separator in
depot paths -->
- [x] #55917 <!-- fix rawbigints OOB issues -->
- [x] #55892 <!-- TOML: Avoid type-pirating `Base.TOML.Parser` -->
- [x] #55798 <!-- Broadcast binary ops involving strided triangular -->
- [x] #55919 <!-- Limit `@inbounds` to indexing in the dual-iterator
branch in `copyto_unaliased!` -->

Contains multiple commits, manual intervention needed:
- [ ] #54009 <!-- allow extensions to trigger from packages in [deps]
-->
- [ ] #55509 <!-- Fix cong implementation to be properly random and not
just cycling. -->
- [ ] #55569 <!-- Add a docs section about loading/precomp/ttfx time
tuning -->
- [ ] #55824 <!-- Replace regex package module checks with actual code
checks -->

Non-merged PRs with backport label:
- [ ] #55932 <!-- REPL: make UndefVarError aware of imported modules -->
- [ ] #55910 <!-- Prevent extensions from blocking parallel
pre-compilation -->
- [ ] #55908 <!-- add logic to prefer loading modules that are already
loaded -->
- [ ] #55886 <!-- irrationals: restrict assume effects annotations to
known types -->
- [ ] #55871 <!-- lowering: don't reverse handler order in
`(pop-handler-list ...)` -->
- [ ] #55870 <!-- fix infinite recursion in `promote_type` for
`Irrational` -->
- [ ] #55867 <!-- update `hash` doc string: `widen` not required any
more -->
- [ ] #55851 <!-- [REPL] Fix #55850 by using `safe_realpath` instead of
`abspath` in `projname` -->
- [ ] #55813 <!-- Check for conflicting `@ccallable` name before JIT
registration -->
- [ ] #55743 <!-- doc: heap snapshot viewing -->
- [ ] #55741 <!-- Change annotations to use a NamedTuple -->
- [ ] #55534 <!-- Set stdlib sources as read-only during installation
-->
- [ ] #55499 <!-- propagate the terminal's `displaysize` to the
`IOContext` used by the REPL -->
- [ ] #55458 <!-- Allow for generically extracting unannotated string
-->
- [ ] #55457 <!-- Make AnnotateChar equality consider annotations -->
- [ ] #55220 <!-- `isfile_casesensitive` fixes on Windows -->
- [ ] #55169 <!-- `propertynames` for SVD respects private argument -->
- [ ] #54457 <!-- Make `String(::Memory)` copy -->
- [ ] #53957 <!-- tweak how filtering is done for what packages should
be precompiled -->
- [ ] #51479 <!-- prevent code loading from lookin in the versioned
environment when building Julia -->
- [ ] #50813 <!-- More doctests for Sockets and capitalization fix -->
- [ ] #50157 <!-- improve docs for `@inbounds` and
`Base.@propagate_inbounds` -->

There is a use case where you have a weak dependency (for one of your
extensions) that is misbehaving and you quickly want to try debug that
issue. A workflow that feels reasonable for this could be:

```
pkg> dev WeakDependency

julia> using Package, WeakDependency

```

This doesn't work right now for two reasons:

1. Doing the `dev WeakDependency` will add the dependency to `[deps]`
but not remove it from `[weakdeps]` which means you all of a sudden are
in the scenario described in
https://pkgdocs.julialang.org/v1/creating-packages/#Transition-from-normal-dependency-to-extension
which is not what is desired.
2. The extension will not actually load because you can right now only
trigger extensions from weak deps getting loaded, not from deps getting
loaded.

Point 1. is fixed by JuliaLang/Pkg.jl#3865
Point 2. is fixed by this PR.

(cherry picked from commit f46cb4c)

Backported PRs:
- [x] #55945 <!-- Fix logic in `?` docstring example -->
- [x] #55932 <!-- REPL: make UndefVarError aware of imported modules -->
- [x] #55968 <!-- [build] avoid libedit linkage and align libccalllazy*
SONAMEs -->
- [x] #55977 <!-- fix comma logic in time_print -->
- [x] #55982 <!-- `@time` actually fix time report commas & add tests
-->
- [x] #55743 <!-- doc: heap snapshot viewing -->
- [x] #55851 <!-- [REPL] Fix #55850 by using `safe_realpath` instead of
`abspath` in `projname` -->
- [x] #55992 <!-- Avoid `stat`-ing stdlib path if it's unreadable -->
- [x] #55589 <!-- prevent loading other extensions when precompiling an
extension -->
- [x] #54009 <!-- allow extensions to trigger from packages in [deps]
-->
- [x] #56019 <!-- Fix no-arg `ScopedValues.@with` within a scope -->
- [x] #56023 <!-- Sockets: Warn when local network access not granted.
-->
- [x] #55569 <!-- Add a docs section about loading/precomp/ttfx time
tuning -->
- [x] #55824 <!-- Replace regex package module checks with actual code
checks -->
- [x] #56041 <!-- Don't show keymap `@error` for hints -->
- [x] #53469
- [x] #56029 <!-- fix `_growbeg!` unncessary resizing -->
- [x] #56103
- [x] #55941 <!-- Fix zero elements for block-matrix kron involving
Diagonal -->

… [deps] (JuliaLang#54009)

There is a use case where you have a weak dependency (for one of your
extensions) that is misbehaving and you quickly want to try debug that
issue. A workflow that feels reasonable for this could be:

```
pkg> dev WeakDependency

julia> using Package, WeakDependency

```

This doesn't work right now for two reasons:

1. Doing the `dev WeakDependency` will add the dependency to `[deps]`
but not remove it from `[weakdeps]` which means you all of a sudden are
in the scenario described in
https://pkgdocs.julialang.org/v1/creating-packages/#Transition-from-normal-dependency-to-extension
which is not what is desired.
2. The extension will not actually load because you can right now only
trigger extensions from weak deps getting loaded, not from deps getting
loaded.

Point 1. is fixed by JuliaLang/Pkg.jl#3865
Point 2. is fixed by this PR.

(cherry picked from commit f46cb4c)

This is a partial backport of JuliaLang/julia#54009, with just the
pre-compilation piece that lives in Pkg on 1.10

… [deps] (JuliaLang#54009)

There is a use case where you have a weak dependency (for one of your
extensions) that is misbehaving and you quickly want to try debug that
issue. A workflow that feels reasonable for this could be:

```
pkg> dev WeakDependency

julia> using Package, WeakDependency

```

This doesn't work right now for two reasons:

1. Doing the `dev WeakDependency` will add the dependency to `[deps]`
but not remove it from `[weakdeps]` which means you all of a sudden are
in the scenario described in
https://pkgdocs.julialang.org/v1/creating-packages/#Transition-from-normal-dependency-to-extension
which is not what is desired.
2. The extension will not actually load because you can right now only
trigger extensions from weak deps getting loaded, not from deps getting
loaded.

Point 1. is fixed by JuliaLang/Pkg.jl#3865
Point 2. is fixed by this PR.

(cherry picked from commit f46cb4c)

… [deps] (JuliaLang#54009)

There is a use case where you have a weak dependency (for one of your
extensions) that is misbehaving and you quickly want to try debug that
issue. A workflow that feels reasonable for this could be:

```
pkg> dev WeakDependency

julia> using Package, WeakDependency

```

This doesn't work right now for two reasons:

1. Doing the `dev WeakDependency` will add the dependency to `[deps]`
but not remove it from `[weakdeps]` which means you all of a sudden are
in the scenario described in
https://pkgdocs.julialang.org/v1/creating-packages/#Transition-from-normal-dependency-to-extension
which is not what is desired.
2. The extension will not actually load because you can right now only
trigger extensions from weak deps getting loaded, not from deps getting
loaded.

Point 1. is fixed by JuliaLang/Pkg.jl#3865
Point 2. is fixed by this PR.

(cherry picked from commit f46cb4c)

… [deps] (JuliaLang#54009)

There is a use case where you have a weak dependency (for one of your
extensions) that is misbehaving and you quickly want to try debug that
issue. A workflow that feels reasonable for this could be:

```
pkg> dev WeakDependency

julia> using Package, WeakDependency

```

This doesn't work right now for two reasons:

1. Doing the `dev WeakDependency` will add the dependency to `[deps]`
but not remove it from `[weakdeps]` which means you all of a sudden are
in the scenario described in
https://pkgdocs.julialang.org/v1/creating-packages/#Transition-from-normal-dependency-to-extension
which is not what is desired.
2. The extension will not actually load because you can right now only
trigger extensions from weak deps getting loaded, not from deps getting
loaded.

Point 1. is fixed by JuliaLang/Pkg.jl#3865
Point 2. is fixed by this PR.

(cherry picked from commit f46cb4c)

… [deps] (JuliaLang#54009)

There is a use case where you have a weak dependency (for one of your
extensions) that is misbehaving and you quickly want to try debug that
issue. A workflow that feels reasonable for this could be:

```
pkg> dev WeakDependency

julia> using Package, WeakDependency

```

This doesn't work right now for two reasons:

1. Doing the `dev WeakDependency` will add the dependency to `[deps]`
but not remove it from `[weakdeps]` which means you all of a sudden are
in the scenario described in
https://pkgdocs.julialang.org/v1/creating-packages/#Transition-from-normal-dependency-to-extension
which is not what is desired.
2. The extension will not actually load because you can right now only
trigger extensions from weak deps getting loaded, not from deps getting
loaded.

Point 1. is fixed by JuliaLang/Pkg.jl#3865
Point 2. is fixed by this PR.

(cherry picked from commit f46cb4c)

… [deps] (#54009) (#56383)

This is a backport of #54009

---------

Co-authored-by: Kristoffer Carlsson <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: KristofferC <[email protected]>