…ompact!`-ion (#50767)

In code like below
```julia
Base.@assume_effects :nothrow function erase_before_inlining(x, y)
    z = sin(y)
    if x
        return "julia"
    end
    return z
end

let y::Float64
    length(erase_before_inlining(true, y))
end
```
the constant prop' can figure out the constant return type of
`erase_before_inlining(true, y)` while it is profitable not to inline
expand it since otherwise we left some `!:nothrow` callees there
(xref: #47305).

In order to workaround this problem, this commit makes `compact!`move
inlineable constants into argument positions so that the such
"inlineable, but safe as a whole" calls to be erased during compaction.
This should give us general compile-time performance improvement too
as we no longer need to expand the IR for those calls.

Requires:
- #50764
- #50765
- #50768

Backported PRs:
- [x] #50637 <!-- Remove SparseArrays legacy code -->
- [x] #50665 <!-- print `@time` msg into print buffer -->
- [x] #50523 <!-- Avoid generic call in most cases for getproperty -->
- [x] #50635 <!-- `versioninfo()`: include build info and unofficial
warning -->
- [x] #50670 <!-- Make reinterpret specialize fully. -->
- [x] #50666 <!-- include `--pkgimage=no` caches for stdlibs -->
- [x] #50765 
- [x] #50764
- [x] #50768
- [x] #50767
- [x] #50618 <!-- inference: continue const-prop' when concrete-eval
returns non-inlineable -->
- [x] #50689 <!-- Attach `tanpi` docstring to method -->
- [x] #50671 <!-- Fix rdiv of complex lhs by real factorizations -->
- [x] #50598 <!-- only limit types in stack traces in the REPL -->
- [x] #50766 <!-- Don't partition alwaysinline functions -->
- [x] #50771 <!-- re-allow non-string values in ENV `get!` -->
- [x] #50682 <!-- Add fallback if we have make a weird GC decision. -->
- [x] #50781 <!-- fix `bit_map!` with aliasing -->
- [x] #50172 <!-- print feature flags used for matching pkgimage -->
- [x] #50844 <!-- Bump OpenBLAS binaries to use the new GEMM
multithreading threshold -->
- [x] #50826 <!-- Update dependency builds -->
- [x] #50845 <!-- fix #50438, use default pool for at-threads -->
- [x] #50568 <!-- `Array(::AbstractRange)` should return an `Array` -->
- [x] #50655 <!-- fix hashing regression. -->
- [x] #50779 <!-- Minor refactor to image generation -->
- [x] #50791 <!-- Make symbols internal in jl_create_native, and only
externalize them when partitioning -->
- [x] #50724 <!-- Merge opaque closure modules with the rest of the
workqueue -->
- [x] #50738 <!-- Add alignment to constant globals -->
- [x] #50871 <!-- macOS: Don't inspect dead threadtls during exception
handling. -->

Need manual backport:

Contains multiple commits, manual intervention needed:

Non-merged PRs with backport label:
- [ ] #50850 <!-- Remove weird Rational dispatch and add pi functions to
list -->
- [ ] #50823 <!-- Make ranges more robust with unsigned indexes. -->
- [ ] #50809 <!-- Limit type-printing in MethodError -->
- [ ] #50663 <!-- Fix Expr(:loopinfo) codegen -->
- [ ] #50594 <!-- Disallow non-index Integer types in isassigned -->
- [ ] #50385 <!-- Precompile pidlocks: add to NEWS and docs -->
- [ ] #49805 <!-- Limit TimeType subtraction to AbstractDateTime -->