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🖥️ TechLang

TechLang is a hacker-themed, stack-based programming language implemented in Python. It features its own custom interpreter, language parser, and playful syntax (ping, crash, upload, etc.). The project includes a CLI, a GUI, and a web-based playground.

🧠 What is TechLang?

TechLang is designed for experimenting with:

  • Language design
  • Interpreter building
  • Syntax parsing
  • Fun and engaging programming constructs

📁 Project Structure

TechLang/
├── techlang/            # Interpreter & parser logic
│   ├── interpreter.py   # Main interpreter entry point
│   ├── parser.py        # Tokenizer and syntax parser
│   ├── executor.py      # Command execution dispatcher
│   ├── core.py          # InterpreterState and core types
│   ├── basic_commands.py # Core language commands
│   ├── variables.py     # Variable operations
│   ├── stack.py         # Stack operations
│   ├── control_flow.py  # if, loop, while, switch, try/catch
│   ├── data_types.py    # Arrays, strings, dicts, JSON
│   ├── struct_ops.py    # Structured types
│   ├── file_ops.py      # File I/O operations
│   ├── net_ops.py       # HTTP client and server
│   ├── graphics_ops.py  # Graphics rendering (Pillow)
│   ├── database.py      # SQLite3 database operations
│   ├── memory_ops.py    # Memory management
│   ├── math_ops.py      # Math and date/time functions
│   ├── thread_ops.py    # Threading and concurrency
│   ├── system_ops.py    # System and process operations
│   ├── debugger.py      # Debugger with breakpoints
│   ├── class_ops.py     # OOP: classes, inheritance, methods
│   ├── function_ops.py  # First-class functions, closures
│   ├── decorator_ops.py # Python-like decorators
│   ├── context_ops.py   # Context managers (with statement)
│   ├── async_ops.py     # Async/await and event loop
│   ├── help_ops.py      # Help system
│   ├── imports.py       # Module imports
│   ├── aliases.py       # Command aliases
│   ├── macros.py        # Macro expansion
│   ├── blocks.py        # Block depth tracking
│   ├── formatter.py     # Code formatter
│   ├── linter.py        # Code linter
│   └── __init__.py
│
├── tests/               # Pytest-based unit tests (776+ tests)
│   ├── test_interpreter.py
│   ├── test_database.py
│   ├── test_database_advanced.py
│   ├── test_data_types.py
│   ├── test_json.py
│   ├── test_string_ops.py
│   ├── test_comments.py
│   ├── test_debugger.py
│   ├── test_file_ops.py
│   ├── test_graphics.py
│   ├── test_math_ops.py
│   ├── test_memory.py
│   ├── test_network.py
│   ├── test_threads.py
│   ├── test_system.py
│   ├── test_formatter.py
│   └── ...
│
├── docs/                # Comprehensive documentation
│   ├── general.md       # Syntax and rules
│   ├── core.md          # Core commands
│   ├── control-flow.md  # Control structures
│   ├── data-types.md    # Data structures and JSON
│   ├── file-io.md       # File operations
│   ├── network.md       # HTTP and networking
│   ├── graphics.md      # Graphics and visualization
│   ├── database.md      # Database operations
│   ├── math.md          # Math and date/time
│   ├── memory.md        # Memory management
│   ├── concurrency.md   # Threading and async
│   ├── system.md        # System and processes
│   ├── debugging.md     # Debugger guide
│   ├── cookbook.md      # Recipes and patterns
│   ├── examples.md      # Example programs index
│   └── help-cli.md      # CLI and help system
│
├── examples/            # Sample TechLang programs (26 files)
│   ├── hello.tl
│   ├── loop.tl
│   ├── if.tl
│   ├── vars.tl
│   ├── functions.tl
│   ├── arrays.tl
│   ├── strings.tl
│   ├── string_operations.tl
│   ├── dictionaries.tl
│   ├── json_demo.tl
│   ├── database.tl
│   ├── files.tl
│   ├── network.tl
│   ├── graphics.tl
│   ├── memory.tl
│   ├── threads.tl
│   ├── debugger_demo.tl
│   ├── cookbook_multifeature.tl
│   └── ...
│
├── playground/          # Optional GUI playground (Tkinter)
│   └── gui.py
│
├── techlang_web/        # Flask-based web playground
│   ├── app.py
│   ├── templates/
│   │   └── index.html
│   ├── static/
│   └── uploads/
│
├── .github/             # GitHub Actions CI/CD
│   └── workflows/
│       ├── pytest.yml   # Test suite
│       └── lint.yml     # Code linting
│
├── cli.py               # CLI for running .tl files
├── format_tl.py         # TechLang code formatter
├── run_tests.py         # Test suite runner
├── requirements.txt     # Python dependencies
├── README.md            # This file
├── DOCUMENTATION.md     # Master documentation index
├── DEV.md               # Developer guide
├── AGENTS.md            # AI agent guide
├── PLAYGROUND.MD        # Playground guide
└── .venv/               # Python virtual environment

🚀 Getting Started

1. Clone the Repository

git clone https://github.com/devaanshpathak/techlang.git
cd techlang

2. Set up a virtual environment

python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate  # Windows: .venv\Scripts\activate

3. Install dependencies

pip install -r requirements.txt

▶️ Running TechLang

✅ Option 1: Interpreter via Python

from techlang.interpreter import run

code = "boot ping ping print"
print(run(code))  # Output: 2

✅ Option 2: Command-Line Interface

# Using the bundled script
python cli.py examples/hello.tl

# With console entry (after `pip install -e .` or packaging), use the `tl` command:
tl examples/hello.tl

# Start interactive REPL
tl -i

# Verbose mode
tl -v examples/hello.tl

✅ Option 3: Web Playground (Flask)

cd techlang_web
python app.py
  • Visit: http://localhost:8080
  • Paste or upload .tl code and see output

✅ Option 4: GUI (Tkinter)

python playground/gui.py

GUI docs & examples

  • Docs: docs/gui.md
  • Examples:
    • examples/gui_ttk_demo.tl
    • examples/gui_text_canvas_demo.tl

🧪 Running Tests

python run_tests.py
  • Covers interpreter logic, variables, loops, stack, conditions, functions, input, database operations, and more.

✨ Language Features (Highlights)

Core & Variables

boot, ping, crash, print, set, add, sub, mul, div, input, upload, download, debug, import, alias, hack

Comments

Three styles supported: # single-line, // C-style single-line, /* */ multi-line blocks

Control Flow

loop ... end, if ... end, while ... end, switch/case/default, try/catch, def ... end, call

Macro System ✨ NEW

  • Conditional Macros: macro name if condition param do ... end - Expand only when condition is true
  • Nested Macros: Macros can invoke other macros with full parameter substitution
  • Macro Libraries: Load reusable macro collections from external files
  • REPL Integration: :loadmacro command for interactive macro loading
  • See Advanced Macro Guide for details

Enhanced REPL ✨ NEW

  • Persistent State: Variables, functions, and macros persist across commands
  • Introspection: :state shows all variables, :macros lists macros
  • State Management: :reset clears state without restarting
  • Macro Loading: :loadmacro file loads macro libraries interactively
  • Command History: Full readline support with persistent history
  • See REPL Guide for complete reference

Data Types

  • Arrays: array_create, array_set, array_get, array_push, array_pop, array_map, array_filter
  • Strings: str_create, str_concat, str_length, str_substring, str_split, str_replace, str_trim, str_upper, str_lower, str_contains, str_reverse
  • Dictionaries: dict_create, dict_set, dict_get, dict_keys
  • JSON: json_parse, json_stringify, json_read, json_write (full Unicode support)

File I/O

file_read, file_write, file_append, file_exists, file_delete, file_list

Network & Web

HTTP: http_get, http_post, http_status Server stubs: server_start, server_route, server_stop

Graphics

graphics_init, graphics_draw_line, graphics_draw_circle, graphics_draw_text, graphics_show

Math & Science

math_sin, math_cos, math_sqrt, math_pow, math_random, math_pi, math_e

Database

CRUD: db_create, db_insert, db_select, db_update, db_delete, db_execute, db_close Advanced: db_begin, db_commit, db_rollback, db_tables, db_schema, db_indexes, db_connect, db_disconnect

Memory Management

mem_alloc, mem_free, mem_read, mem_write, mem_dump

Concurrency & Async

thread_create, thread_join, thread_sleep, async_start, async_wait

System & Processes

System: sys_exec, sys_env, sys_time, sys_date, sys_exit Processes: proc_spawn, proc_wait, proc_kill

Debugger

breakpoint, step, continue, inspect, watch, unwatch, clear_breakpoints

Object-Oriented Programming ✨ NEW

  • Classes: class Name ... end with fields, methods, and constructors
  • Inheritance: class Child extends Parent with method overriding
  • Instance Methods: method name params ... end with self reference
  • Static Methods: static name params ... end (no instance needed)
  • Field Access: get_field, set_field for instance data
  • Type Checking: instanceof for runtime type checks
  • See OOP Guide for complete reference

First-Class Functions & Closures ✨ NEW

  • Function Values: fn name params do ... end creates callable values
  • Closures: Functions capture outer scope variables
  • Function References: fn_ref funcName var gets reference to existing function
  • Higher-Order Functions: map_fn, filter_fn, reduce_fn for functional programming
  • Partial Application: partial func newFunc arg=val binds arguments
  • Function Composition: compose f g composed creates pipelines
  • Lambda Expressions: lambda name param "expr" for simple transforms
  • See Functions Guide for complete reference

Decorators ✨ NEW

  • Decorator Definition: decorator name mode do ... end (mode: before/after/both)
  • Apply Decorator: decorate func decorator wraps function with decorator
  • Built-in Decorators: @log and @time for common use cases
  • See Decorators Guide for complete reference

Context Managers ✨ NEW

  • Built-in Contexts: with timer do ... end, with suppress do ... end
  • File Context: with file "path" do ... end for automatic file handling
  • Lock Context: with lock mutex do ... end for thread safety
  • Transaction: with transaction do ... end for database rollback
  • Custom Contexts: context name enter exit do ... end
  • See Context Managers Guide for complete reference

Async/Await ✨ NEW

  • Async Functions: async def name do ... end for coroutines
  • Await: await coroutine -> result for async results
  • Task Spawning: spawn coroutine -> task_id for background tasks
  • Gathering: gather t1 t2 t3 -> results for parallel execution
  • Task Management: task_status, task_cancel for control
  • See Async/Await Guide for complete reference

Exception Handling

  • throw/raise: throw "message" [ErrorType] to raise exceptions
  • try/catch: Catch and handle thrown exceptions
  • Exception type available for conditional handling

Help

help or help <command> to see built-in docs.

📂 Example Programs

All in the examples/ folder:

# Basic Examples
python cli.py examples/hello.tl
python cli.py examples/loop.tl
python cli.py examples/if.tl
python cli.py examples/vars.tl
python cli.py examples/functions.tl
python cli.py examples/input.tl

# Data Structures
python cli.py examples/arrays.tl
python cli.py examples/strings.tl
python cli.py examples/string_operations.tl
python cli.py examples/dictionaries.tl
python cli.py examples/data_types_demo.tl

# Advanced Features
python cli.py examples/json_demo.tl
python cli.py examples/comments.tl
python cli.py examples/alias.tl
python cli.py examples/switch_try.tl
python cli.py examples/while_loops.tl

# System Integration
python cli.py examples/database.tl
python cli.py examples/files.tl
python cli.py examples/network.tl
python cli.py examples/graphics.tl
python cli.py examples/memory.tl
python cli.py examples/threads.tl

# Debugging & Recipes
python cli.py examples/debugger_demo.tl
python cli.py examples/cookbook_multifeature.tl

# OOP & Functional Programming
python cli.py examples/oop_demo.tl

Or try them in the web playground.

📦 Requirements

  • Python 3.10+
  • flask (for web)
  • pytest (for tests)
  • tkinter (optional GUI)
  • sqlite3 (built-in Python module)

Install all with:

pip install -r requirements.txt

🤖 Future Ideas

  • ✅ Database transactions and schema introspection (Completed)
  • ✅ Debugger with breakpoints and stepping (Completed)
  • ✅ JSON support for modern data interchange (Completed)
  • ✅ String manipulation operations (Completed)
  • ✅ Multi-line comments (Completed)
  • Error highlighting in web playground
  • Bytecode version of TechLang
  • Language transpiler to Python
  • Foreign key support in database
  • Time-travel debugging (step backwards)
  • Conditional breakpoints

❤️ Credits

Crafted for hackers, students, and language lovers who want to build something weird, beautiful, and programmable.

📖 Quick Command Reference

Comprehensive command reference grouped by category. For detailed documentation, see DOCUMENTATION.md.

Core Commands

boot, ping, crash, print, upload, download, debug, hack, lag, sleep, yield

Variables & Math

set, add, sub, mul, div, input

Control Flow

  • Conditionals: if x > 5 ... end
  • Loops: loop 10 ... end, while x < 100 ... end
  • Switch/Case: switch x ... case 1 ... case 2 ... default ... end
  • Pattern Matching: match expr ... case > 10 ... case == 5 ... end
  • Error Handling: try ... catch [errVar [stackVar]] ... end
  • Functions: def name ... end, call name

Data Structures

  • Arrays: array_create, array_set, array_get, array_push, array_pop, array_map, array_filter
  • Strings: str_create, str_concat, str_length, str_substring, str_split, str_replace, str_trim, str_upper, str_lower, str_contains, str_reverse, string_interpolate, string_match
  • Dictionaries: dict_create, dict_set, dict_get, dict_keys
  • Structs: struct Type field1 field2 ... end, struct new, struct set, struct get, struct dump

JSON Operations

json_parse, json_stringify, json_read, json_write - Full Unicode support for modern data interchange

File I/O

file_read, file_write, file_append, file_exists, file_delete, file_list

Network & HTTP

  • Client: http_get, http_post, http_status
  • Server (stubs): server_start, server_route, server_stop

Graphics (Pillow)

graphics_init, graphics_draw_line, graphics_draw_circle, graphics_draw_text, graphics_show

Math & Date/Time

  • Trigonometry: math_sin, math_cos, math_tan, math_asin, math_acos, math_atan
  • Arithmetic: math_sqrt, math_pow, math_random, math_round, math_floor, math_ceil
  • Conversion: math_deg2rad, math_rad2deg
  • Constants: math_pi, math_e
  • Date/Time: now, format_date, sys_time, sys_date

Database (SQLite3)

  • CRUD: db_create, db_insert, db_select, db_update, db_delete, db_execute, db_close
  • Transactions: db_begin, db_commit, db_rollback
  • Introspection: db_tables, db_schema, db_indexes
  • Connections: db_connect, db_disconnect

Memory Management

mem_alloc, mem_free, mem_read, mem_write, mem_dump

Concurrency & Threading

  • Threads: thread_create, thread_join, thread_sleep, thread_status, thread_result, thread_list, thread_wait_all
  • Async: async_start, async_wait
  • Synchronization: mutex_create, mutex_lock, mutex_unlock
  • Queues: queue_push, queue_pop

System & Processes

  • System: sys_exec, sys_env, sys_time, sys_date, sys_sleep, sys_cwd, sys_exit
  • Processes: proc_spawn, proc_kill, proc_wait, proc_status

Debugging & Inspection

breakpoint, step, continue, inspect, watch, unwatch, clear_breakpoints

Modules & Macros

  • Modules: package use module, call module.function
  • Macros: macro name params do ... end, inline name args
  • Aliases: alias short command
  • Imports: import name

Comments

  • Single-line: # comment or // comment
  • Multi-line: /* comment */

Help System

help - List all commands
help <command> - Show specific command help

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