Background. The assessment and management of the SNAP lifestyle risk factors (smoking, nutrition,... more Background. The assessment and management of the SNAP lifestyle risk factors (smoking, nutrition, alcohol intake and physical activity) is fundamental to primary prevention of chronic disease. This study investigates the prevalence of SNAP assessments conducted in South Australian general practice, according to patient risk profiles, and across urban, rural and remote locations. Methods. A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted in South Australia in 2017. Survey data included information on health characteristics, lifestyle risks and general practitioner (GP) assessments for 2775 participants, aged ≥18 years, who visited a GP in the past 12 months. The main outcome measure was assessment for two or more (≥2) SNAP risks in this time. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the prevalence of ≥2 SNAP assessments by remoteness area, using the Modified Monash Model (MMM) classifications for urban (MMM), rural (MMM3-4) and remote (MMM5-6), and adjusting for sociodemographic, SNAP lifestyle risks and clinical variables. Results. Of the 2775 participants (mean age 49.1 ± 18.7 years; 52.7% women), 32% were assessed for ≥2 SNAP in the past 12 months. The adjusted prevalence of assessments was higher in rural (43.8%; 95% CI 36.4-51.2%) than urban (29.7%; 95% CI 27.2-32.2%) or remote (34.7%; 95% CI 28.4-41.0%) areas. Depending on rurality, ≥2 SNAP assessments were 2.5-3.4 times more likely among participants with existing cardiovascular disease, and two to seven times more likely among participants with three or four SNAP risk factors (P < 0.05 in all cases). Conclusion. Greater attention to GP SNAP assessments is warranted to match the prevalence of SNAP risks across South Australia.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
The article examines the common determinants of childhood dental caries and obesity. Longitudinal... more The article examines the common determinants of childhood dental caries and obesity. Longitudinal data from the Born in Bradford cohort study (BiB1000) (n = 1735) and dental data (dental general anaesthetics (GA) and oral health survey 2014/15) (n = 171) were used to test a framework on the social determinants of childhood dental caries (decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) index) and obesity (body mass index (BMI)). The BiB1000 data were collected at pregnancy week 26–28 and after birth at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months. The determinants were demographics, wellbeing, socio-economic status (SES), dietary behaviours and physical activity behaviour of the children. Missing data were accounted for through multiple imputation (MI). The framework was tested through structural equation modelling. Overall, the model fit was adequate. No alcohol consumption of the mother after giving birth, higher frequency of child drinking sugar-sweetened beverages, emotional and behavioural difficulties of...
Objective: To investigate the impact of premature extraction of primary teeth (PEPT) on orthodont... more Objective: To investigate the impact of premature extraction of primary teeth (PEPT) on orthodontic treatment need in a cohort of children participating in the Born in Bradford (BiB) longitudinal birth cohort. Design: Observational, cross-sectional cohort. Participants: We aim to recruit 1000 children aged 7–11 years: 500 with a history of PEPT and 500 matched non-PEPT controls. Methods: After informed consent/assent, orthodontic records will be collected, including extra and intra-oral photographs and alginate impressions for study models. Participants will also complete a measure of oral health-related quality of life (COHIP-SF 19). The records will be used to quantify space loss, identify other occlusal anomalies and assess orthodontic treatment need using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. For each outcome, summary statistics will be calculated and the data for children with and without PEPT compared. The records of the children identified to be in need of orthodontic trea...
Background: Carer burden at first-episode psychosis is common and adds to the multiple other psyc... more Background: Carer burden at first-episode psychosis is common and adds to the multiple other psychiatric and psychological problems that beset new carers; yet, knowledge of the factors that predict carer burden is limited. Aim: This study sought to investigate the types and predictors of carer burden at first-episode psychosis in the largest, most ethnically diverse and comprehensively characterised sample to date. Method: This study involved a cross-sectional survey of carers of people with first-episode psychosis presenting to Harrow and Hillingdon Early Intervention in Psychosis service between 2011 and 2017. Carers completed self-report measures assessing their illness beliefs, coping styles and caregiving experiences (i.e. burden). Thirty carer and patient sociodemographic and clinical factors were also collected. Mixed effects linear regression modelling was conducted to account for clustering of carers by patient, with carer burden (and its 8 subtypes) investigated as depende...
Background: Carers of patients experiencing first episode psychosis (FEP) are at an increased ris... more Background: Carers of patients experiencing first episode psychosis (FEP) are at an increased risk of mental and physical health problems themselves. However, little is known about how the psychological needs of carers may differ between those caring for an adolescent versus an adult who has FEP. Aims: This pilot study aimed to explore any differences in the psychological needs of carers caring for adolescents versus adults with FEP. Methods: We surveyed 254 carers of 198 FEP patients (34 carers of adolescents of 24 FEP adolescent patients). Carers completed self-report measures of anxiety, depression, burnout, subjective burden, coping, and key illness beliefs. The sample was divided according to whether the patient was under (adolescent) or over (adult) age 18, and analysed using mixed model logistic regressions. Results: Compared to the carers of adult patients, carers of adolescents were more than twice as likely (12% vs. 30%) to experience overall burnout syndrome (all three do...
BackgroundThe first onset of psychosis can be a traumatic event for diagnosed individuals but can... more BackgroundThe first onset of psychosis can be a traumatic event for diagnosed individuals but can also impact negatively on their families. Little is known about how parents of the same child make sense of the illness. In mothers and fathers caring for the same child with early psychosis, the current study assessed their similarities and differences in key areas of their caregiving role.MethodsUsing a cross‐sectional design, parental pairs caring for the same child treated within an early intervention in psychosis service, completed self‐report measures on their caregiving experiences, illness beliefs, coping styles and affect.ResultsData from 44 mothers and fathers were analysed. Analyses confirmed that parents reported similar levels of emotional dysfunction and conceptualized the illness in broadly similar ways with regard to what they understood the illness to be, their emotional reactions to the illness, perceived illness consequences and beliefs about treatment. Significant di...
... Par Louis Baize. Ce répertoire présente une sélection de documents susceptibles de trouver pl... more ... Par Louis Baize. Ce répertoire présente une sélection de documents susceptibles de trouver place dans les bibliothèques scolaires et publiques : le choix est orienté en fonction des demandes et des besoins des élèves de l&#x27;enseignement secondaire. ...
Background. The assessment and management of the SNAP lifestyle risk factors (smoking, nutrition,... more Background. The assessment and management of the SNAP lifestyle risk factors (smoking, nutrition, alcohol intake and physical activity) is fundamental to primary prevention of chronic disease. This study investigates the prevalence of SNAP assessments conducted in South Australian general practice, according to patient risk profiles, and across urban, rural and remote locations. Methods. A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted in South Australia in 2017. Survey data included information on health characteristics, lifestyle risks and general practitioner (GP) assessments for 2775 participants, aged ≥18 years, who visited a GP in the past 12 months. The main outcome measure was assessment for two or more (≥2) SNAP risks in this time. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the prevalence of ≥2 SNAP assessments by remoteness area, using the Modified Monash Model (MMM) classifications for urban (MMM), rural (MMM3-4) and remote (MMM5-6), and adjusting for sociodemographic, SNAP lifestyle risks and clinical variables. Results. Of the 2775 participants (mean age 49.1 ± 18.7 years; 52.7% women), 32% were assessed for ≥2 SNAP in the past 12 months. The adjusted prevalence of assessments was higher in rural (43.8%; 95% CI 36.4-51.2%) than urban (29.7%; 95% CI 27.2-32.2%) or remote (34.7%; 95% CI 28.4-41.0%) areas. Depending on rurality, ≥2 SNAP assessments were 2.5-3.4 times more likely among participants with existing cardiovascular disease, and two to seven times more likely among participants with three or four SNAP risk factors (P < 0.05 in all cases). Conclusion. Greater attention to GP SNAP assessments is warranted to match the prevalence of SNAP risks across South Australia.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
The article examines the common determinants of childhood dental caries and obesity. Longitudinal... more The article examines the common determinants of childhood dental caries and obesity. Longitudinal data from the Born in Bradford cohort study (BiB1000) (n = 1735) and dental data (dental general anaesthetics (GA) and oral health survey 2014/15) (n = 171) were used to test a framework on the social determinants of childhood dental caries (decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) index) and obesity (body mass index (BMI)). The BiB1000 data were collected at pregnancy week 26–28 and after birth at 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 months. The determinants were demographics, wellbeing, socio-economic status (SES), dietary behaviours and physical activity behaviour of the children. Missing data were accounted for through multiple imputation (MI). The framework was tested through structural equation modelling. Overall, the model fit was adequate. No alcohol consumption of the mother after giving birth, higher frequency of child drinking sugar-sweetened beverages, emotional and behavioural difficulties of...
Objective: To investigate the impact of premature extraction of primary teeth (PEPT) on orthodont... more Objective: To investigate the impact of premature extraction of primary teeth (PEPT) on orthodontic treatment need in a cohort of children participating in the Born in Bradford (BiB) longitudinal birth cohort. Design: Observational, cross-sectional cohort. Participants: We aim to recruit 1000 children aged 7–11 years: 500 with a history of PEPT and 500 matched non-PEPT controls. Methods: After informed consent/assent, orthodontic records will be collected, including extra and intra-oral photographs and alginate impressions for study models. Participants will also complete a measure of oral health-related quality of life (COHIP-SF 19). The records will be used to quantify space loss, identify other occlusal anomalies and assess orthodontic treatment need using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. For each outcome, summary statistics will be calculated and the data for children with and without PEPT compared. The records of the children identified to be in need of orthodontic trea...
Background: Carer burden at first-episode psychosis is common and adds to the multiple other psyc... more Background: Carer burden at first-episode psychosis is common and adds to the multiple other psychiatric and psychological problems that beset new carers; yet, knowledge of the factors that predict carer burden is limited. Aim: This study sought to investigate the types and predictors of carer burden at first-episode psychosis in the largest, most ethnically diverse and comprehensively characterised sample to date. Method: This study involved a cross-sectional survey of carers of people with first-episode psychosis presenting to Harrow and Hillingdon Early Intervention in Psychosis service between 2011 and 2017. Carers completed self-report measures assessing their illness beliefs, coping styles and caregiving experiences (i.e. burden). Thirty carer and patient sociodemographic and clinical factors were also collected. Mixed effects linear regression modelling was conducted to account for clustering of carers by patient, with carer burden (and its 8 subtypes) investigated as depende...
Background: Carers of patients experiencing first episode psychosis (FEP) are at an increased ris... more Background: Carers of patients experiencing first episode psychosis (FEP) are at an increased risk of mental and physical health problems themselves. However, little is known about how the psychological needs of carers may differ between those caring for an adolescent versus an adult who has FEP. Aims: This pilot study aimed to explore any differences in the psychological needs of carers caring for adolescents versus adults with FEP. Methods: We surveyed 254 carers of 198 FEP patients (34 carers of adolescents of 24 FEP adolescent patients). Carers completed self-report measures of anxiety, depression, burnout, subjective burden, coping, and key illness beliefs. The sample was divided according to whether the patient was under (adolescent) or over (adult) age 18, and analysed using mixed model logistic regressions. Results: Compared to the carers of adult patients, carers of adolescents were more than twice as likely (12% vs. 30%) to experience overall burnout syndrome (all three do...
BackgroundThe first onset of psychosis can be a traumatic event for diagnosed individuals but can... more BackgroundThe first onset of psychosis can be a traumatic event for diagnosed individuals but can also impact negatively on their families. Little is known about how parents of the same child make sense of the illness. In mothers and fathers caring for the same child with early psychosis, the current study assessed their similarities and differences in key areas of their caregiving role.MethodsUsing a cross‐sectional design, parental pairs caring for the same child treated within an early intervention in psychosis service, completed self‐report measures on their caregiving experiences, illness beliefs, coping styles and affect.ResultsData from 44 mothers and fathers were analysed. Analyses confirmed that parents reported similar levels of emotional dysfunction and conceptualized the illness in broadly similar ways with regard to what they understood the illness to be, their emotional reactions to the illness, perceived illness consequences and beliefs about treatment. Significant di...
... Par Louis Baize. Ce répertoire présente une sélection de documents susceptibles de trouver pl... more ... Par Louis Baize. Ce répertoire présente une sélection de documents susceptibles de trouver place dans les bibliothèques scolaires et publiques : le choix est orienté en fonction des demandes et des besoins des élèves de l&#x27;enseignement secondaire. ...
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