Mathematics

Most published courses of basic statistics aimed at beginners are at too high a level for the needs of English students and teachers in their research and reading. In addition, there is a tendency for researchers to make life more complicated than needed and to seek the prestige of using a standardised significance test, when simpler methods can be used which are usually quicker and may even be more reliable and informative. There is a need to explain how numerical data can be presented and interpreted without recourse to formal statistics, and to train a feel for numbers and experimental design. This book presents 20 keys to successful manipulation of numbers and their presentation and use by teachers and researchers. These are some of the concepts and simpler methods which are needed before formal statistical tests are used, and which can be part of the tricks of the trade of the working teacher and researcher.

Novel sensor-based continuous biomedical monitoring technologies have a major role in chronic disease management for early detection and prevention of known adverse trends. In the future, a diversity of physiological, biochemical and mechanical sensing principles will be available through sensor device ‘ ecosystems’. In anticipation of these sensor-based ecosystems, we have developed Healthcare@ Home (HH)-a research-phase generic intervention-outcome monitoring framework. HH incorporates a closed-loop intervention ...

Thirteenth International Water Technology Conference, IWTC 13 2009, Hurghada, Egypt 1521 ... ONCOLYTIC ACTION OF ZAMZAM WATER ON AZOXYONETHONE (AOM) INDUCED COLON TUMORS IN RATS ... Ali Farid Mohammed Ali; Ermilando Cosemi; Sayed Kamel; Sana ...

This letter introduces a DGS slot with an interdigital shape. The resonant frequency of the slot can be easily controlled by changing the length of the metal fingers, without changing the area taken by the structure. Using this slot, two quasi-elliptic lowpass filters were designed, fabricated and tested. The filters have a cut-off frequency of about 3 GHz.

Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is a complex murine retrovirus that encodes an HIV Rev-like export protein, Rem, from a doubly spliced version of envelope (Env) mRNA. Previously, the Nterminal 98-amino acid sequence of Rem, which is identical to Env signal peptide (SP), and full-length Rem were shown to be functional in a reporter assay that measures a postexport function. Here we show that MMTV-infected cells or cells transfected with rem or env cDNAs express SP, which is the active component in the reporter assay. Uncleaved Rem was partially glycosylated, but mutations in both glycosylation sites within the C terminus prevented Rem function. Mutations that reduced Rem or Env cleavage by signal peptidase greatly reduced SP levels and functional activity in the reporter assay and allowed accumulation of the uncleaved protein. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that GFP-tagged cleavagesite mutants are unstable and lack fluorescence compared with wild-type Rem, suggesting improper folding. Proteasome inhibitors allowed accumulation of uncleaved Rem relative to SP and increased reporter activity, consistent with SP retrotranslocation and proteasome escape before nuclear entry. Expression of a dominant-negative p97 ATPase did not alter levels of unprocessed Rem and SP but decreased reporter activity, suggesting p97-facilitated retrotranslocation of SP. Our results provide an example of a SP that is processed by signal peptidase and retrotranslocated to allow nuclear localization and function. mouse mammary tumor virus | retrotranslocation | retrovirus | signal peptide | ERAD M ouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) has provided many insights into cell and cancer biology. MMTV is a complex mouse retrovirus with regulatory features similar to those found in human complex retroviruses, such as HIV and human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) (1). These features include the ability to manipulate the immune system and to produce a doubly spliced mRNA encoding a protein (Rem) functionally similar to HIV Rev (1, 2). Rem mRNA is translated in the same reading frame as the MMTV envelope (env) gene but has a deletion of internal sequences encoding the surface (SU) and transmembrane (TM) proteins (1, 2) .

Background: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of neurotrophins well known for their role in neuronal survival has been identified in the mammalian ovary. Zamzam water is a special type of water with a special composition. The aim of this work is to study the role of BDNF in uterine flushing, to find a relation with repeated unexplained implantation

This paper presents the utilization of super resolution algorithms for the indoor positioning applications in order to estimate Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) and distances using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transceiver. Optimal reduction in Distance Measurement Error (DME) is achieved. We have utilized OFDM/Single Carrier-Decision Feedback Equalizer (OFDM/SC-DFE) signal structure presented in our previous works. The super resolution algorithms Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Technique (ESPRIT), Root Multiple Signal Classification (Root-MUSIC) and Matrix Pencil (MP) are compared for DME estimation. We have applied Minimum Descriptive Length (MDL) criterion to these algorithms, that provides optimized estimate of the length *

Sensing the communication channel is an essential task in wireless communication systems. This is necessary for retrieving the sent information from the received signal. In stationary (time-invariant) channels, this task is accomplished once by transmitting a series of training symbols at the beginning of a transmission phase. In time-varying channels, so called pilot symbols are transmitted regularly. This decreases the effective channel capacity. The capacity loss is the ratio between pilot and information symbols sent in a certain time frame. It increases as the channel time variation becomes faster. In this paper, an adaptive technique is introduced, which is based on tracking the time variation of the channel in order to adapt the number and distribution of the pilot symbols aiming at maximizing the capacity.

Symbol length is an important factor that can affect the spectrum efficiency and the performance of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM system. However, the symbol length is usually fixed in conventional OFDM systems, which decreases the spectrum efficiency considerably, especially in a mobile environment. This paper introduces an adaptive OFDM system in which the delay spread and Doppler spread are estimated at the receiver and according to their estimated values, the transmitter vary the symbol length such that the Bit Error Rate BER is always around a certain predetermined value. The value of the BER is chosen according to the type of the transmitted information. Simulation has been implemented and the results show that the proposed adaptive algorithm gives an improvement in the total throughput of the system without significantly sacrificing the BER performance.

Inter-carrier-interference (ICI) phenomena in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems complicates the channel estimation and equalization tasks at the receiver side when the number of carriers increases, since the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) and zero forcing (ZF) criterions require non-trivial matrix inversion. The complexity can be reduced without strongly affecting the performance using time domain windowing which squeezes the channel matrix into a small number of diagonals that have the strongest ICI coefficients. In this paper, a window is designed to maximize the signal-to-noise-plus interference ratio (SINR) according to digital radio mondiale (DRM) channel. Iterative algorithms for detecting the OFDM symbols are applied to further increase the system performance.

In this work the Service abstraction is extended to support Quality of Service (QoS) attributes -and implemented in the Grid QoS Management (G-QoSM) framework. The framework supports three main functions: (1) providing mechanisms for establishing QoS guarantees via Service Level Agreements (SLAs), (2) enabling QoS management on allocated QoS-aware services, and (3) supporting discovery of services based on QoS attributes. The framework relies on each service offering both a "functional" interface and a "management" interface. The functional interface provides attributes on how a service is to be invoked and how it returns results, whereas the management interface is used to provide QoS attributes and performance characteristics associated with a service. The focus of this paper is on implementing a QoS-based service discovery system, which utilises an extended version of the Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) registry. . His research interests are in the areas of Distributed Systems,Grid computing ,Web services, P2P applications and the convergence of computing and mobile communications. His works experience covers the design and implementation of Web services, Grid computing clients and remote network administration.

Provision of services within a virtual framework for resource sharing across institutional boundaries has become an active research area. Many such services encode access to computational and data resources, comprising single machines to computational clusters. Such services can also be informational, and integrate different resources within an institution. Consequently, we envision a service rich environment in the future, where service consumers are represented by intelligent agents. If interaction between agents is automated, it is necessary for these agents to be able to automatically discover services and choose between a set of equivalent (or similar) services. In such a scenario trust serves as a benchmark to differentiate between services. In this paper we introduce a novel framework for automated service discovery and selection of Web Services based on a user's trust policy. The framework is validated by a case study of data mining Web Services and is evaluated by an empirical experiment.

One of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system disadvantages is its sensitivity to frequency offset and phase noise, which lead to losing the orthogonality between the subcarriers and thereby degrade the system performance. In this paper a joint scheme for frequency offset and pilot-based channel estimation is introduced in which the frequency offset is first estimated using an autocorrelation method, and then is fined further by applying an iterative phase correction by means of pilot-based Wiener filtering method. In order to verify the capability of the estimation algorithm, the scheme has been implemented and tested using a real measurement system in a multipath indoor environment. The results show the algorithm capability of compensating for the frequency offset with different transmission and channel conditions.

Provision of services within a virtual framework for resource sharing across institutional boundaries has become an active research area. Many such services encode access to computational and data resources, comprising single machines to computational clusters. Such services can also be informational, and integrate different resources within an institution. Consequently, we envision a service rich environment in the future, where service consumers are represented by intelligent agents. If interaction between agents is automated, it is necessary for these agents to be able to automatically discover services and choose between a set of equivalent (or similar) services. In such a scenario trust serves as a benchmark to differentiate between services. In this paper we introduce a novel framework for automated service discovery and selection of Web Services based on a user's trust policy. The framework is validated by a case study of data mining Web Services and is evaluated by an empirical experiment.