Skip to main content

Luis Poersch

FURG - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Oceanografia, Faculty Member

Followers

257

Following

60

Co-authors

26

Public Views

Oceanographer from Federal University of Rio Grande - FURG (1993), master's in Ciencias del Mar from Universidad Católica Del Norte - Chile (1998) and PhD in Biological Oceanografy from Federal University of Rio Grande (2004). Has experience in Aquaculture, focusing on shrimp and tilapia production in BFT system, multi-trophic system, effluent treatment, environment and social impacts.

less

Valerio Ketmaier

Universitaet Potsdam

Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

Carlos Garcia de Leaniz

Swansea University

Darío Bernal-Casasola

Universidad de Cadiz

MORENIKE ADEWOLU

Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria

taufik budhi pramono

Jenderal Soedirman University

Suryakumar Boriah

Sachin O. Khairnar

Guru Angad Dev Veterinary And Animal Sciences University

Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University

Alejandro Buschmann

Universidad de Los Lagos

Interests

Uploads

Papers by Luis Poersch

Effect of Organic or Inorganic Fertilization on Microbial Flake Production in Integrated Cultivation of Ulva lactuca with Oreochromis niloticus and Penaeus vannamei

Fishes, May 23, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Pacific white shrimp, red drum, and tilapia integrated in a biofloc system: Use of tilapia as a consumer of total suspended solids

Journal of World Aquaculture Society, 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for the biological co... more The objective of this study was to evaluate tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for the biological control of suspended solids in an integrated biofloc technology (BFT) system rearing red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Four integrated systems were structured with recirculating water in closed circuits composed of separate tanks for each species. The experiment compared

The Role of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Litopenaeus vannamei During the Maturation of a Biofloc System

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2019

Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to ma... more Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to maintain water quality and to increase productivity. In this system, probiotics can enhance the positive effects of bioflocs on the cultured species. The objective of this research is to study the role of the probiotic bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens during the formation of a biofloc system for the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. Two doses of probiotic were assayed and applied directly to the water. The experiment was developed in nine tanks distributed as follows: Three control tanks with no probiotic, three tanks with a probiotic dose of 103 cfu/mL, and three tanks with a dose of 104 cfu/mL. Water quality, microbial activity, growth parameters and the immune system state of shrimps were monitored throughout the maturation process. The results indicate a positive effect upon the shrimp immune system throughout the study period, where specifically there was an increase in granular he...

D1.1 Stakeholder mapping and value network in the Atlantic Area

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 28, 2021

The Role of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Litopenaeus vannamei During the Maturation of a Biofloc System

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Jul 18, 2019

Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to ma... more Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to maintain water quality and to increase productivity. In this system, probiotics can enhance the positive effects of bioflocs on the cultured species. The objective of this research is to study the role of the probiotic bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens during the formation of a biofloc system for the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. Two doses of probiotic were assayed and applied directly to the water. The experiment was developed in nine tanks distributed as follows: Three control tanks with no probiotic, three tanks with a probiotic dose of 10 3 cfu/mL, and three tanks with a dose of 10 4 cfu/mL. Water quality, microbial activity, growth parameters and the immune system state of shrimps were monitored throughout the maturation process. The results indicate a positive effect upon the shrimp immune system throughout the study period, where specifically there was an increase in granular hemocytes in the shrimp hemolymph. During the immature biofloc phase, granular hemocytes were 5% higher in tanks supplemented with the probiotic. During the mature biofloc phase, granular hemocytes were 7% higher in those same tanks. During the maturation of the biofloc, environmental conditions are more unfavorable for shrimp growth, due to the accumulation of nitrites. So, the effect of the probiotic is especially important during this stage when the shrimp are stressed and are more vulnerable to diseases. However, the effects on microbial activity, water quality and Litopenaeus vannamei growth did not increase the benefits of the biofloc system.

Determination of optimum stocking density of shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis producing in biofloc technology during the nursery phase

Atlântica (Rio Grande), 2012

Pacific white shrimp, red drum, and tilapia integrated in a biofloc system: Use of tilapia as a consumer of total suspended solids

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, Jul 13, 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for the biological co... more The objective of this study was to evaluate tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for the biological control of suspended solids in an integrated biofloc technology (BFT) system rearing red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Four integrated systems were structured with recirculating water in closed circuits composed of separate tanks for each species. The experiment compared the use of tilapia to control suspended solids (biological treatment [BT]) to control systems without tilapia. The initial mean weights and stocking densities were: 2 g and 250 ind/m3 for shrimp; 71 g and 1.04 kg/m3 for red drum; and 85 g and 5.12 kg/m3 for tilapia. Temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, alkalinity, salinity, total suspended solids, total ammonia nitrogen (TA‐N), and nitrite were measured. Temperature, DO, pH, alkalinity, and TA‐N were maintained within guidelines recommended for shrimp, red drum, and tilapia. Nitrite concentrations remained within guidelines for red drum and tilapia. No significant difference in growth performance between the control and BT was observed, but the apparent consumption of solids in systems with tilapia resulted in decreased particulate matter in the effluent compared to the control. The study showed that the tilapia could control the suspended solids when integrated with red drum and marine shrimp culture with BFT in an integrated multitrophic system.

D7.4 Project website and social media accounts

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 30, 2020

D 7.4 Project website and social media accounts This project has received funding from the Europe... more D 7.4 Project website and social media accounts This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 863034 Disclaimer: This material reflects only the author's view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. D 7.4 ASTRAL-863034 2 Document administration Deliverable number D 7.4 Deliverable name Project website and social media accounts WP number WP 7

D7.8 ASTRAL video for general public

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 26, 2021

D 7.8 ASTRAL video for general public This project has received funding from the European Union's... more D 7.8 ASTRAL video for general public This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 863034 Disclaimer: This material reflects only the author's view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

D4.1 Best practices for zero waste

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 2, 2022

D4.1. Best practices for zero waste This project has received funding from the European Union's H... more D4.1. Best practices for zero waste This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 863034 Disclaimer: This material reflects only the author's view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. D 4.1 ASTRAL-863034 Document administration Deliverable number D4.1 Deliverable name Best practices for zero waste WP number 4 Deliverable due date 28.02.2022 Submission date 02.03.2022

Systems of aquaculture in the coastal zone of Brazil: resources, technologies, and environmental and socioeconomic aspects

Growth of the Macroalgae Ulva lactuca Cultivated at Different Depths in a Biofloc Integrated System with Shrimp and Fish

Phycology

The constant production of solids in intensive shrimp and tilapia culture can affect the performa... more The constant production of solids in intensive shrimp and tilapia culture can affect the performance of macroalgae when cultivated in an integrated system, and little is known about culture structures that enhance the performance of macroalgae in biofloc systems. The objective of this work was to evaluate different depths of culture structure for the macroalgae Ulva lactuca in an integrated system with Litopenaeus vannamei and Oreochromis niloticus in a biofloc system. The experiment lasted 70 days, with six systems composed of: a 16 m3 shrimp tank, a 3 m3 tilapia tank, and a 3 m3 macroalgae tank, with water recirculation between tanks. Two treatments were carried out, shallow float, with a structural depth of 10 cm, and bottom float, where the depth was kept at 30 cm from the surface. The shallow float resulted in a growth rate of up to 0.95 ± 0.54% day−1, with biomass loss only at the end of the culture due to the high density of macroalgae, decreasing temperature, and increasing ...

The quantity of artificial substrates influences the nitrogen cycle in the biofloc culture system of Litopenaeus vannamei

Aquacultural Engineering, 2021

Abstract This study evaluated the influence of different quantities of artificial substrate on wa... more Abstract This study evaluated the influence of different quantities of artificial substrate on water quality and the performance of Litopenaeus vannamei in an integrated biofilm-biofloc culture system. Thus, three treatments were performed: the control, the treatment without the addition of artificial substrate; T200, the treatment with a 200 % increase in the lateral area of the tanks using artificial substrates; and T400, the treatment with a 400 % increase in the lateral area of the tanks using artificial substrates. The study was conducted in nine 800 L tanks over 60 days. The animals were stocked at an initial density of 300 shrimp.m−2 (equivalent to 500 shrimp m-3), with an initial weight of 1.27 g (± 0.48). Ammonia concentrations did not differ significantly between treatments (p > 0.05). Increasing the amount of substrate from 200 % to 400 % did not cause significant differences in the nitrite concentrations between these treatments. However, in the control treatment, nitrite remained high (above 20 mg.L-1) for a long period, negatively affecting shrimp performance. Nitrate was lower in T400, indicating a more dynamic process in the nitrogen cycle when the quantity of artificial substrate increased. Weekly growth rates, final weight, survival, and productivity were higher in the treatments integrating biofilm and biofloc substrates and did not show significant differences between T200 and T400. The results demonstrate the importance of artificial substrates in enhancing the water quality in biofloc culture systems over the long term, mostly in terms of maintaining nitrite concentrations below levels toxic to L. vannamei. The performance of the shrimp and the improved water quality at the end of the study reflected the advantages provided by incorporating artificial substrates in shrimp biofloc culture.

Evidence of total suspended solids control by Mugil liza reared in an integrated system with pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei using biofloc technology

Aquaculture Reports, 2020

The biofloc culture system (BFT) allows for the production of aquatic animals at higher stocking ... more The biofloc culture system (BFT) allows for the production of aquatic animals at higher stocking densities compared to conventional aquaculture systems and it has been proven to be efficient for shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and mullet (Mugil liza) rearing. Accumulation of nutrients enhances the natural productivity of the system, thus the concentration of total suspended solids (TSS) tends to accumulate during the production cycle, which can deteriorate the water quality and performance of the animals produced. Integrated multi trophic aquaculture (IMTA) can be performed in single or multi tank systems, depending on the interaction of the different species being cultured. The present study aimed to reduce TSS concentration by integrating juvenile mullet into a shrimp BFT system, through the consumption of these solids by the mullet. Three different treatments were used: shrimp monoculture (MONO), single tank (SING-shrimp and mullet cultured in the same tank) and IMTA multi tank (MULT-shrimp and mullet cultured in different tanks). The performance of shrimp was impaired in the SING treatment, while mullet had their best zootechnical performance in this treatment. The presence of the fish modified the nitrification even with the use of biofloc inoculum. The presence of mullet, regardless of the IMTA system used, resulted in lower biofloc concentrations, compared to the monoculture of shrimp, thus confirming that mullet can be used to control solids concentrations originating from shrimp production in a BFT system.

Partial seawater inclusion to improve Litopenaeus vannamei performance in low salinity biofloc systems

Aquaculture, 2021

Litopenaeus vannamei production in oligohaline waters (0.5-5 g L −1) is a potential alternative f... more Litopenaeus vannamei production in oligohaline waters (0.5-5 g L −1) is a potential alternative for the continuous expansion of shrimp farming. However, ionic imbalance may affect physiological processes and productivity. In this work, natural seawater inoculation was used as strategy for correction of ionic composition in a bioflocdominated oligohaline system and its effects on the water quality and nursery performance were evaluated. A 27-day trial was conducted using an experimental biofloc-dominated oligohaline water, salt formulation was based on the mean concentrations of the major ions present in natural oligohaline waters found in Northeastern Brazil. The trial was composed of four treatments of natural seawater inoculation (3, 6, 10 and 13%) and a control, without inoculation (0%); all with four replicates. Post-larvae (PL) of 22 days (0.057 ± 0.002 g) were stocked at 1000 PL m −3 in 20,150 L indoor circular tanks. Shrimp were fed 40% crude protein commercial diets twice a day at rations adjusted weekly. Water temperature, oxygen saturation, pH, total ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, alkalinity, hardness, salinity, conductivity, total suspended solids and settleable solids were monitored. Concentrations of the major ions were measured at the Days 0, 14 and 27. Shrimp sampling was performed weekly and the final zootechnical performance was evaluated by final weight, survival, specific growth rate (SGR), weekly growth rate (WGR), yield and food conversion ratio. Salinity, conductivity and hardness significantly increased according to the increase of seawater inoculation, whereas the other parameters did not differ; all of them were within the range recommended for shrimp culture at low salinity, except nitrate for 0%. Concentrations of Cl − , Na + , Mg 2+ and K + and Na + :K + ratio significantly increased according to the increase of seawater inoculation. Final weight, survival, SGR, WGR and yield were significantly lower in the 0%, but no differences were found among the treatments (from 3% to 13%). The results found in this work indicate that a seawater inoculation at 3% was an efficient strategy to mitigate negative effects of the ionic imbalance on growth performance of PL reared in biofloc-dominated oligohaline systems. (FAO, 2020). In addition, L. vannamei has a great potentiality to be raised inland due to its ability to tolerate a wide range of salinity (Boyd, 1989). Therefore, both marine and inland waters have been used to produce the species. Concerning the management in shrimp farms, there are many benefits of the use of a nursery phase, including: (1) the use of smaller production units, which allows greater control of environmental parameters, faster growth and, consequently, shortening of crop length; (2) the use of diets specially formulated for PL, which usually include higher concentration of crude protein (above 40% CP), are more expensive and, thus, could compromise the profitability of the production if used in traditional grow-out systems; (3) more accurate stocking

The use of different aerators on Litopenaeus vannamei biofloc culture system: effects on water quality, shrimp growth and biofloc composition

Aquaculture International, 2016

This study evaluated the effects of different aeration types on water quality, shrimp growth and ... more This study evaluated the effects of different aeration types on water quality, shrimp growth and biofloc composition in a Litopenaeus vannamei culture. The study was conducted with three treatments: (1) PR-propeller aspirator pump aerator; (2) VP-vertical pump aerator; and (3) BL-diffused air blower. The study was performed in a greenhouse with nine 35,000-L rectangular tanks. Water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, settleable and suspended solids) were measured along the 33 experimental days. Moreover, samples were collected to quantify the microorganisms present in the tanks. At the end of the study, samples of the biofloc of each tank were collected to proximal analysis. Throughout the experiment, the temperature, pH, salinity and alkalinity were maintained within the recommended levels for L. vannamei. The propeller treatment showed a concentration of total ammonia above the recommended levels and lower densities of ciliates and flagellates, most likely because of inadequate biofloc formation in this treatment. The final weight was higher in the blower and propeller treatments. However, survival was lower in the propeller treatment compared to the other treatments. The results of this study suggest that diffused air systems (air blower) improve the formation of biofloc and growth performance of L. vannamei.

Production of Marine Shrimp Integrated with Tilapia at High Densities and in a Biofloc System: Choosing the Best Spatial Configuration

Fishes

Integrating marine shrimp and tilapia has been shown to be a viable alternative in a system based... more Integrating marine shrimp and tilapia has been shown to be a viable alternative in a system based on bioflocs, but there is no consensus on the spatial arrangement of farmed animals. The present study aims to (1) compare the performance of shrimp and fish in high density when subjected to polyculture (species in the same tank) and multitrophic (species in different tanks) arrangements, and (2) effects on water quality, especially on organic matter (biofloc). The experiment was carried out for 30 days, and three treatments with bioflocs were evaluated in triplicate: control: shrimp monoculture, polyculture: shrimp and tilapia in the same tank, and multitrophic: shrimp and tilapia in separate tanks. The results show that the best product configuration is the multitrophic system, where the biological control of bioflocs took place, and the best performance of the Pacific white shrimp L. vannamei and Nile tilapia O. niloticus was obtained. Tilapia, as an organic consumer, was effective ...

Integrated multitrophic culture of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in biofloc system: A pilot scale study

Frontiers in Marine Science

Shrimp production in biofloc systems generates excess organic matter that must be removed from th... more Shrimp production in biofloc systems generates excess organic matter that must be removed from the system. Due to its ability to consume natural productivity, the integration of tilapia in shrimp culture could help to reduce the levels of total suspended solids in the biofloc system. The present study aimed to evaluate two stocking densities of tilapia in an integrated culture with shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared in a pilot-scale biofloc system. Two stocking densities of tilapia were tested, 35 and 65 fish m-3 in a recirculating system with 10 m3 tanks for shrimp culture and 4 m3 for tilapia culture with water recirculation of 965.66 ± 92.83 L h-1 during 78 days. The initial weight of shrimp was 0.9±0.1 g and of tilapia was 7.1±3.2 g. Shrimps were fed according to the feeding table and fish were underfed to stimulate bioflocs consumption. Selected water quality parameters were monitored during the trial. Tilapia densities did not affect shrimp growth (11.5±1.9 g and 10.1±0.7 g fo...

Influence of Total Suspended Solids on the Growth of the Sea Lettuce Ulva lactuca Integrated with the Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in a Biofloc System

Fishes

A biofloc system is rich in nutrients, which favors the cultivation of macroalgae, but the influe... more A biofloc system is rich in nutrients, which favors the cultivation of macroalgae, but the influence of the system on the performance of macroalgae is unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of introducing the macroalgae Ulva lactuca into the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei in a biofloc system. The first experiment evaluated the influence of 400 mg L−1 and 30 mg L−1 solids concentration of the system in biofloc and von Stosch culture medium on macroalgae growth. In the second experiment, the densities of 1, 2, and 3 g L−1 of U. lactuca were cultivated in an integrated system with shrimp and monoculture treatment. Both experiments had 35 days of cultivation. There was no significant difference in macroalgae growth between the treatments with biofloc and von Stosch culture medium. In the integrated culture, the density of 1 g L−1 showed better nutrient absorption. Shrimp performance was not affected by macroalgae cultivation. In conclusion, the solids did n...

Comparative analysis of the culture of pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis and Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in biofloc system

Shrimp farming in Biofloc Technology System (BFT), is already considered as an alternative to the... more Shrimp farming in Biofloc Technology System (BFT), is already considered as an alternative to the traditional culture system. The bioflocs keep the water quality and can be used as food supplement for shrimp. Most of the production in BFT is based on the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. However, its cultured is limited by the low temperatures. Thus, the in BFT culture potential of native species such as the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis should be considered. The present study aimed to compare the culture of F. brasiliensis and L. vannamei in the Grow out phase, in BFT system. The experiment was composed of two treatments: (FB) Grow out of F. brasiliensis (LV) Grow out of L. vannamei. The study lasted 70 days and was conducted at the Marine Station of Aquaculture from Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The stocking density were of 100 shrimp/m² for both species. The shrimp were fed twice a day with commercial food. Physicochemical ...

Effect of Organic or Inorganic Fertilization on Microbial Flake Production in Integrated Cultivation of Ulva lactuca with Oreochromis niloticus and Penaeus vannamei

Fishes, May 23, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Pacific white shrimp, red drum, and tilapia integrated in a biofloc system: Use of tilapia as a consumer of total suspended solids

Journal of World Aquaculture Society, 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for the biological co... more The objective of this study was to evaluate tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for the biological control of suspended solids in an integrated biofloc technology (BFT) system rearing red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Four integrated systems were structured with recirculating water in closed circuits composed of separate tanks for each species. The experiment compared

The Role of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Litopenaeus vannamei During the Maturation of a Biofloc System

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2019

Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to ma... more Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to maintain water quality and to increase productivity. In this system, probiotics can enhance the positive effects of bioflocs on the cultured species. The objective of this research is to study the role of the probiotic bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens during the formation of a biofloc system for the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. Two doses of probiotic were assayed and applied directly to the water. The experiment was developed in nine tanks distributed as follows: Three control tanks with no probiotic, three tanks with a probiotic dose of 103 cfu/mL, and three tanks with a dose of 104 cfu/mL. Water quality, microbial activity, growth parameters and the immune system state of shrimps were monitored throughout the maturation process. The results indicate a positive effect upon the shrimp immune system throughout the study period, where specifically there was an increase in granular he...

D1.1 Stakeholder mapping and value network in the Atlantic Area

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 28, 2021

The Role of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Litopenaeus vannamei During the Maturation of a Biofloc System

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Jul 18, 2019

Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to ma... more Biofloc technology is a sustainable aquaculture production system which uses microorganisms to maintain water quality and to increase productivity. In this system, probiotics can enhance the positive effects of bioflocs on the cultured species. The objective of this research is to study the role of the probiotic bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens during the formation of a biofloc system for the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. Two doses of probiotic were assayed and applied directly to the water. The experiment was developed in nine tanks distributed as follows: Three control tanks with no probiotic, three tanks with a probiotic dose of 10 3 cfu/mL, and three tanks with a dose of 10 4 cfu/mL. Water quality, microbial activity, growth parameters and the immune system state of shrimps were monitored throughout the maturation process. The results indicate a positive effect upon the shrimp immune system throughout the study period, where specifically there was an increase in granular hemocytes in the shrimp hemolymph. During the immature biofloc phase, granular hemocytes were 5% higher in tanks supplemented with the probiotic. During the mature biofloc phase, granular hemocytes were 7% higher in those same tanks. During the maturation of the biofloc, environmental conditions are more unfavorable for shrimp growth, due to the accumulation of nitrites. So, the effect of the probiotic is especially important during this stage when the shrimp are stressed and are more vulnerable to diseases. However, the effects on microbial activity, water quality and Litopenaeus vannamei growth did not increase the benefits of the biofloc system.

Determination of optimum stocking density of shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis producing in biofloc technology during the nursery phase

Atlântica (Rio Grande), 2012

Pacific white shrimp, red drum, and tilapia integrated in a biofloc system: Use of tilapia as a consumer of total suspended solids

Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, Jul 13, 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for the biological co... more The objective of this study was to evaluate tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, for the biological control of suspended solids in an integrated biofloc technology (BFT) system rearing red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Four integrated systems were structured with recirculating water in closed circuits composed of separate tanks for each species. The experiment compared the use of tilapia to control suspended solids (biological treatment [BT]) to control systems without tilapia. The initial mean weights and stocking densities were: 2 g and 250 ind/m3 for shrimp; 71 g and 1.04 kg/m3 for red drum; and 85 g and 5.12 kg/m3 for tilapia. Temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, alkalinity, salinity, total suspended solids, total ammonia nitrogen (TA‐N), and nitrite were measured. Temperature, DO, pH, alkalinity, and TA‐N were maintained within guidelines recommended for shrimp, red drum, and tilapia. Nitrite concentrations remained within guidelines for red drum and tilapia. No significant difference in growth performance between the control and BT was observed, but the apparent consumption of solids in systems with tilapia resulted in decreased particulate matter in the effluent compared to the control. The study showed that the tilapia could control the suspended solids when integrated with red drum and marine shrimp culture with BFT in an integrated multitrophic system.

D7.4 Project website and social media accounts

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Sep 30, 2020

D 7.4 Project website and social media accounts This project has received funding from the Europe... more D 7.4 Project website and social media accounts This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 863034 Disclaimer: This material reflects only the author's view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. D 7.4 ASTRAL-863034 2 Document administration Deliverable number D 7.4 Deliverable name Project website and social media accounts WP number WP 7

D7.8 ASTRAL video for general public

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Feb 26, 2021

D 7.8 ASTRAL video for general public This project has received funding from the European Union's... more D 7.8 ASTRAL video for general public This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 863034 Disclaimer: This material reflects only the author's view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

D4.1 Best practices for zero waste

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 2, 2022

D4.1. Best practices for zero waste This project has received funding from the European Union's H... more D4.1. Best practices for zero waste This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 863034 Disclaimer: This material reflects only the author's view and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. D 4.1 ASTRAL-863034 Document administration Deliverable number D4.1 Deliverable name Best practices for zero waste WP number 4 Deliverable due date 28.02.2022 Submission date 02.03.2022

Systems of aquaculture in the coastal zone of Brazil: resources, technologies, and environmental and socioeconomic aspects

Growth of the Macroalgae Ulva lactuca Cultivated at Different Depths in a Biofloc Integrated System with Shrimp and Fish

Phycology

The constant production of solids in intensive shrimp and tilapia culture can affect the performa... more The constant production of solids in intensive shrimp and tilapia culture can affect the performance of macroalgae when cultivated in an integrated system, and little is known about culture structures that enhance the performance of macroalgae in biofloc systems. The objective of this work was to evaluate different depths of culture structure for the macroalgae Ulva lactuca in an integrated system with Litopenaeus vannamei and Oreochromis niloticus in a biofloc system. The experiment lasted 70 days, with six systems composed of: a 16 m3 shrimp tank, a 3 m3 tilapia tank, and a 3 m3 macroalgae tank, with water recirculation between tanks. Two treatments were carried out, shallow float, with a structural depth of 10 cm, and bottom float, where the depth was kept at 30 cm from the surface. The shallow float resulted in a growth rate of up to 0.95 ± 0.54% day−1, with biomass loss only at the end of the culture due to the high density of macroalgae, decreasing temperature, and increasing ...

The quantity of artificial substrates influences the nitrogen cycle in the biofloc culture system of Litopenaeus vannamei

Aquacultural Engineering, 2021

Abstract This study evaluated the influence of different quantities of artificial substrate on wa... more Abstract This study evaluated the influence of different quantities of artificial substrate on water quality and the performance of Litopenaeus vannamei in an integrated biofilm-biofloc culture system. Thus, three treatments were performed: the control, the treatment without the addition of artificial substrate; T200, the treatment with a 200 % increase in the lateral area of the tanks using artificial substrates; and T400, the treatment with a 400 % increase in the lateral area of the tanks using artificial substrates. The study was conducted in nine 800 L tanks over 60 days. The animals were stocked at an initial density of 300 shrimp.m−2 (equivalent to 500 shrimp m-3), with an initial weight of 1.27 g (± 0.48). Ammonia concentrations did not differ significantly between treatments (p > 0.05). Increasing the amount of substrate from 200 % to 400 % did not cause significant differences in the nitrite concentrations between these treatments. However, in the control treatment, nitrite remained high (above 20 mg.L-1) for a long period, negatively affecting shrimp performance. Nitrate was lower in T400, indicating a more dynamic process in the nitrogen cycle when the quantity of artificial substrate increased. Weekly growth rates, final weight, survival, and productivity were higher in the treatments integrating biofilm and biofloc substrates and did not show significant differences between T200 and T400. The results demonstrate the importance of artificial substrates in enhancing the water quality in biofloc culture systems over the long term, mostly in terms of maintaining nitrite concentrations below levels toxic to L. vannamei. The performance of the shrimp and the improved water quality at the end of the study reflected the advantages provided by incorporating artificial substrates in shrimp biofloc culture.

Evidence of total suspended solids control by Mugil liza reared in an integrated system with pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei using biofloc technology

Aquaculture Reports, 2020

The biofloc culture system (BFT) allows for the production of aquatic animals at higher stocking ... more The biofloc culture system (BFT) allows for the production of aquatic animals at higher stocking densities compared to conventional aquaculture systems and it has been proven to be efficient for shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and mullet (Mugil liza) rearing. Accumulation of nutrients enhances the natural productivity of the system, thus the concentration of total suspended solids (TSS) tends to accumulate during the production cycle, which can deteriorate the water quality and performance of the animals produced. Integrated multi trophic aquaculture (IMTA) can be performed in single or multi tank systems, depending on the interaction of the different species being cultured. The present study aimed to reduce TSS concentration by integrating juvenile mullet into a shrimp BFT system, through the consumption of these solids by the mullet. Three different treatments were used: shrimp monoculture (MONO), single tank (SING-shrimp and mullet cultured in the same tank) and IMTA multi tank (MULT-shrimp and mullet cultured in different tanks). The performance of shrimp was impaired in the SING treatment, while mullet had their best zootechnical performance in this treatment. The presence of the fish modified the nitrification even with the use of biofloc inoculum. The presence of mullet, regardless of the IMTA system used, resulted in lower biofloc concentrations, compared to the monoculture of shrimp, thus confirming that mullet can be used to control solids concentrations originating from shrimp production in a BFT system.

Partial seawater inclusion to improve Litopenaeus vannamei performance in low salinity biofloc systems

Aquaculture, 2021

Litopenaeus vannamei production in oligohaline waters (0.5-5 g L −1) is a potential alternative f... more Litopenaeus vannamei production in oligohaline waters (0.5-5 g L −1) is a potential alternative for the continuous expansion of shrimp farming. However, ionic imbalance may affect physiological processes and productivity. In this work, natural seawater inoculation was used as strategy for correction of ionic composition in a bioflocdominated oligohaline system and its effects on the water quality and nursery performance were evaluated. A 27-day trial was conducted using an experimental biofloc-dominated oligohaline water, salt formulation was based on the mean concentrations of the major ions present in natural oligohaline waters found in Northeastern Brazil. The trial was composed of four treatments of natural seawater inoculation (3, 6, 10 and 13%) and a control, without inoculation (0%); all with four replicates. Post-larvae (PL) of 22 days (0.057 ± 0.002 g) were stocked at 1000 PL m −3 in 20,150 L indoor circular tanks. Shrimp were fed 40% crude protein commercial diets twice a day at rations adjusted weekly. Water temperature, oxygen saturation, pH, total ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, alkalinity, hardness, salinity, conductivity, total suspended solids and settleable solids were monitored. Concentrations of the major ions were measured at the Days 0, 14 and 27. Shrimp sampling was performed weekly and the final zootechnical performance was evaluated by final weight, survival, specific growth rate (SGR), weekly growth rate (WGR), yield and food conversion ratio. Salinity, conductivity and hardness significantly increased according to the increase of seawater inoculation, whereas the other parameters did not differ; all of them were within the range recommended for shrimp culture at low salinity, except nitrate for 0%. Concentrations of Cl − , Na + , Mg 2+ and K + and Na + :K + ratio significantly increased according to the increase of seawater inoculation. Final weight, survival, SGR, WGR and yield were significantly lower in the 0%, but no differences were found among the treatments (from 3% to 13%). The results found in this work indicate that a seawater inoculation at 3% was an efficient strategy to mitigate negative effects of the ionic imbalance on growth performance of PL reared in biofloc-dominated oligohaline systems. (FAO, 2020). In addition, L. vannamei has a great potentiality to be raised inland due to its ability to tolerate a wide range of salinity (Boyd, 1989). Therefore, both marine and inland waters have been used to produce the species. Concerning the management in shrimp farms, there are many benefits of the use of a nursery phase, including: (1) the use of smaller production units, which allows greater control of environmental parameters, faster growth and, consequently, shortening of crop length; (2) the use of diets specially formulated for PL, which usually include higher concentration of crude protein (above 40% CP), are more expensive and, thus, could compromise the profitability of the production if used in traditional grow-out systems; (3) more accurate stocking

The use of different aerators on Litopenaeus vannamei biofloc culture system: effects on water quality, shrimp growth and biofloc composition

Aquaculture International, 2016

This study evaluated the effects of different aeration types on water quality, shrimp growth and ... more This study evaluated the effects of different aeration types on water quality, shrimp growth and biofloc composition in a Litopenaeus vannamei culture. The study was conducted with three treatments: (1) PR-propeller aspirator pump aerator; (2) VP-vertical pump aerator; and (3) BL-diffused air blower. The study was performed in a greenhouse with nine 35,000-L rectangular tanks. Water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, settleable and suspended solids) were measured along the 33 experimental days. Moreover, samples were collected to quantify the microorganisms present in the tanks. At the end of the study, samples of the biofloc of each tank were collected to proximal analysis. Throughout the experiment, the temperature, pH, salinity and alkalinity were maintained within the recommended levels for L. vannamei. The propeller treatment showed a concentration of total ammonia above the recommended levels and lower densities of ciliates and flagellates, most likely because of inadequate biofloc formation in this treatment. The final weight was higher in the blower and propeller treatments. However, survival was lower in the propeller treatment compared to the other treatments. The results of this study suggest that diffused air systems (air blower) improve the formation of biofloc and growth performance of L. vannamei.

Production of Marine Shrimp Integrated with Tilapia at High Densities and in a Biofloc System: Choosing the Best Spatial Configuration

Fishes

Integrating marine shrimp and tilapia has been shown to be a viable alternative in a system based... more Integrating marine shrimp and tilapia has been shown to be a viable alternative in a system based on bioflocs, but there is no consensus on the spatial arrangement of farmed animals. The present study aims to (1) compare the performance of shrimp and fish in high density when subjected to polyculture (species in the same tank) and multitrophic (species in different tanks) arrangements, and (2) effects on water quality, especially on organic matter (biofloc). The experiment was carried out for 30 days, and three treatments with bioflocs were evaluated in triplicate: control: shrimp monoculture, polyculture: shrimp and tilapia in the same tank, and multitrophic: shrimp and tilapia in separate tanks. The results show that the best product configuration is the multitrophic system, where the biological control of bioflocs took place, and the best performance of the Pacific white shrimp L. vannamei and Nile tilapia O. niloticus was obtained. Tilapia, as an organic consumer, was effective ...

Integrated multitrophic culture of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei and tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in biofloc system: A pilot scale study

Frontiers in Marine Science

Shrimp production in biofloc systems generates excess organic matter that must be removed from th... more Shrimp production in biofloc systems generates excess organic matter that must be removed from the system. Due to its ability to consume natural productivity, the integration of tilapia in shrimp culture could help to reduce the levels of total suspended solids in the biofloc system. The present study aimed to evaluate two stocking densities of tilapia in an integrated culture with shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei reared in a pilot-scale biofloc system. Two stocking densities of tilapia were tested, 35 and 65 fish m-3 in a recirculating system with 10 m3 tanks for shrimp culture and 4 m3 for tilapia culture with water recirculation of 965.66 ± 92.83 L h-1 during 78 days. The initial weight of shrimp was 0.9±0.1 g and of tilapia was 7.1±3.2 g. Shrimps were fed according to the feeding table and fish were underfed to stimulate bioflocs consumption. Selected water quality parameters were monitored during the trial. Tilapia densities did not affect shrimp growth (11.5±1.9 g and 10.1±0.7 g fo...

Influence of Total Suspended Solids on the Growth of the Sea Lettuce Ulva lactuca Integrated with the Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in a Biofloc System

Fishes

A biofloc system is rich in nutrients, which favors the cultivation of macroalgae, but the influe... more A biofloc system is rich in nutrients, which favors the cultivation of macroalgae, but the influence of the system on the performance of macroalgae is unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze the feasibility of introducing the macroalgae Ulva lactuca into the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei in a biofloc system. The first experiment evaluated the influence of 400 mg L−1 and 30 mg L−1 solids concentration of the system in biofloc and von Stosch culture medium on macroalgae growth. In the second experiment, the densities of 1, 2, and 3 g L−1 of U. lactuca were cultivated in an integrated system with shrimp and monoculture treatment. Both experiments had 35 days of cultivation. There was no significant difference in macroalgae growth between the treatments with biofloc and von Stosch culture medium. In the integrated culture, the density of 1 g L−1 showed better nutrient absorption. Shrimp performance was not affected by macroalgae cultivation. In conclusion, the solids did n...

Comparative analysis of the culture of pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis and Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in biofloc system

Shrimp farming in Biofloc Technology System (BFT), is already considered as an alternative to the... more Shrimp farming in Biofloc Technology System (BFT), is already considered as an alternative to the traditional culture system. The bioflocs keep the water quality and can be used as food supplement for shrimp. Most of the production in BFT is based on the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. However, its cultured is limited by the low temperatures. Thus, the in BFT culture potential of native species such as the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis should be considered. The present study aimed to compare the culture of F. brasiliensis and L. vannamei in the Grow out phase, in BFT system. The experiment was composed of two treatments: (FB) Grow out of F. brasiliensis (LV) Grow out of L. vannamei. The study lasted 70 days and was conducted at the Marine Station of Aquaculture from Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The stocking density were of 100 shrimp/m² for both species. The shrimp were fed twice a day with commercial food. Physicochemical ...