Papers by Abdulkareem Alhassan
Science of The Total Environment, 2019
• Energy and globalization are crucial in achieving environmental quality. • Real income has no s... more • Energy and globalization are crucial in achieving environmental quality. • Real income has no significant impact on environmental pollution. • We found environmental quality driven by energy and globalization. • Inelastic impact in the short-run and elastic impact in the long-run. • Environmental policies with growth objectives sustain the environment.
CBN Journal of Applied Statistics (JAS), 2016
Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch ge... more Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your personal and scholarly purposes. You are not to copy documents for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. If the documents have been made available under an Open Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence.
International Journal of Social Economics, Jul 8, 2019
Purpose-The primacy of institutions for economic progress has been established in the literature.... more Purpose-The primacy of institutions for economic progress has been established in the literature. Yet, less research attention is paid to the existence and persistence of weak economic institutions in Africa. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to empirically explore the determinants of the quality of economic institutions in Africa. Design/methodology/approach-Hausman-Taylor instrumental variable estimator of panel regression was employed for a sample of 43 Sub-Sahara African countries over the period 1995-2017. Findings-The study finds that the existence and persistence of weak economic institutions in Africa is more of design than destiny. That is, weak economic institutions are created and sustained more by bad political institutions rather than cultural diversity and geographical factors. Therefore, strong political institutions need to be entrenched to reverse the equilibrium of weak economic institutions and dismal economic performance in the continent. Practical implications-The study provides deep understanding of the determinants of economic institutions. This is imperative for policy makers, development agencies and stakeholders in designing viable economic policies and programs for the continent. Originality/value-The novelty of the study is rooted in the examination of the factors responsible for the development and persistence of weak economic institutions in Africa. The idea is original because previous studies focus on political institutions and neglected economic institutions.
Journal of economics and sustainable development, 2018
The simultaneous increase in religiosity and corruption in Africa is a paradox that is being inve... more The simultaneous increase in religiosity and corruption in Africa is a paradox that is being investigated. Therefore, using the Sub-Saharan Africa Religion Survey and transparency international report datasets, this study employed multiple regressions analysis to investigate the impact of religiosity and other institutions on corruption in Africa. The study shows that all institutions have significant impact on the level of corruption in Africa. But, Religiosity increases the level of corruption when there are no strong political and economic institutions in place. Also, in democratic environment where political and economic institutions are weak religion serves as impetus to corruption. Thus, to reduce corruption, the laws of the religions need to be incorporated in the constitutions of the countries and strictly enforced. Equally, in good institutional environment, religiosity reduces the level of corruption. Meaning, the level of corruption is concurrently high with the level religiosity in Africa due to weak institutions. We therefore, recommend that the laws of the religions should be incorporated in the mainstream of the conventional legal system in Africa. Otherwise, the wide spread of religion in the continent will continue to increase the level of corruption which in turn hinders socioeconomic development in the continent.
Journal of economics and sustainable development, 2017
This paper assesses impact of democracy on per capita income in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Key gap... more This paper assesses impact of democracy on per capita income in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Key gaps this paper addresses are two. First, response of per capita income to democracy has not been examined for SSA in empirical terms. Two, we include key drivers of income in SSA as controls which recognise African resourcedependent peculiarity. Data for the study include per capita income (dependent variable), democracy (indicators: DEMO and POLITY2), controls (natural resource rent, labour and gross capital formation). Panel data estimation techniques (Pooled, Fixed Effects and Random Effects and System GMM) were adopted. The results reveal positive but weak impact of democracy on per capita income. However, using system GMM developed by Arellano and Blundell, democratic impact on income becomes stronger as previous level of income is automatically included. Hence, we conclude that certain previous level of income is necessary for sustaining present level of democratic norms and governance to enable it drive present level of per capita income. Our results are robust across different estimates and different indicators of democracy.
Journal of public affairs, Mar 24, 2020
Environmental development, Sep 1, 2023
Resources Policy, May 1, 2023
Mathematics, Dec 15, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Energies, May 18, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
African Development Review, Aug 12, 2021
Global value chains (GVC) have propelled substantial expansion in international trade across the ... more Global value chains (GVC) have propelled substantial expansion in international trade across the globe over the last two decades. Yet, the institution–GVC nexus in Africa suffers complete neglect in literature. Therefore, we evaluate the impact of different components of political and economic institutions on backward (BWDGVC), forward (FWDGVC), total GVC participation, and GVC position (upstreamness) in Africa. Using system‐GMM with United Nations Conference on Trade and Development GVC database (UNCTAD‐Eora MRIO) for 47 African countries over the period 2000–2018, the key findings show that the effects of the political and economic institutions on GVC participation are diverse. Specifically, property rights, government spending, monetary freedom, and tax burden negatively affect BWDGVC participation while government integrity, investment freedom, and financial freedom stimulate the BWDGVC. Also, all the components of institutional quality that propel BWDGVC, hinder FWDGVC participation and upstreamness, except investment freedom which promotes both BWDGVC and FWDGVC. Nonetheless, property rights, government integrity, monetary freedom, financial freedom, and tax burden engender total GVC participation, whereas government effectiveness, and investment freedom hinder the total GVC participation. Furthermore, good political institutions promote BWGVC and total GVC but reduce upstreamness. Thus, institutions are fundamental drivers of GVC participation in Africa.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Social Science Research Network, Jul 14, 2020
This study examines the causal link between the crude oil price and the exchange rate in five maj... more This study examines the causal link between the crude oil price and the exchange rate in five major oil-exporting countries (Saudi Arabia, Russia, Canada, the United Arab Emirates and the United States) that have recently adopted different exchange rate policies. Using a nonlinear causality approach, quantile-on-quantile, with monthly data from April 1996 to January 2020, we find causal relationships between crude oil prices and exchange rates across quantiles in all of the countries studied. A plausible explanation for such findings is that these countries are oil exporters who depend largely on the proceeds of the oil trade. Any shocks in the oil market that affect oil production and price translate to exchange rate fluctuations in these countries. Meanwhile, the effect of the oil price on the exchange rate is diverse and heterogeneous depending on the country’s level of crude oil production and consumption, its exchange rate policies and the strength of its economy.
Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Feb 6, 2023
PurposeThe use of exchange rate policies to stimulate economic growth (EG) has been the major mac... more PurposeThe use of exchange rate policies to stimulate economic growth (EG) has been the major macroeconomic policy of many economies. Hence, the attention of researchers and policymakers was drawn to the effect of undervaluation and/or overvaluation of currencies on sustainable EG. However, less attention has been paid to the importance of quality of economic institutions in shaping the relationship between exchange rate and EG. This study aims to explore the role of institutions of exchange rate and EG in South AfricaDesign/methodology/approachThis study, therefore, examines the role of economic institutions in the real exchange rate economic growth nexus by using auto regressive distributed lags model and vector error correction model for causality during the period 1971 to 2018. Also, Bayer and Hank method has applied for cointegration between the variables.FindingsThe findings show that both real exchange rate and economic institutions have a negative effect on EG in both short-run and long-run. This implies that undervaluation has a negative effect on EG in South Africa. Therefore, the study concludes that undervaluation has a negative effect on EG in South Africa particularly when the quality of economic institutions is accounted for. The finding supports the J-curve hypothesis but is contrary to the Rodrik hypothesis. Hence, devaluation is not a desirable exchange rate policy for the South African economy.Originality/valueThe study, therefore, recommends that developing countries like South Africa should focus on other viable exchange rate policies such as rather than undervaluation of currency to enhance EG.
Palgrave Communications, May 5, 2020
The undesirable effect of poor exchange rate policy on economic growth has been firmly establishe... more The undesirable effect of poor exchange rate policy on economic growth has been firmly established in the literature using various parametric methods of econometric techniques. However, less is known about the prioritization of the exchange rate as a determinant of economic growth using a nonparametric approach. Thus, this study introduced machining learning approach (feature selection, particle swarm optimization-PSO, and genetic algorithm-GA techniques) to evaluate the relative primacy of the exchange rate for sustainable economic growth in Germany, South Africa, and Slovakia using Rodrik model with time series data from 1990 to 2016. The study reveals that GDP per capita is the most crucial variable for economic growth in Germany and South Africa whereas, in Slovakia, the real exchange rate takes precedence over all other determinants of economic growth. That is, exchange rate takes precedence over other factors as a determinant of economic growth in an economy (Slovakia) with the high rate of trade openness while income per capita is the most important determinant of economic growth in economies (Germany and South Africa) with a relatively lower rate of trade openness. This partly supports Rodrik's conclusion. We, therefore, recommend that highly opened economies should focus on viable exchange rate policies, such as undervaluation of currency to enhance sustained economic growth. On the other hand, relatively less open economies should focus on policies that improve income per capita rather than exchange rate policies.
Environment, Development and Sustainability
Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences
Crude oil is an essential source of energy. Without access to energy, output growth is impossible... more Crude oil is an essential source of energy. Without access to energy, output growth is impossible. As a result of this link, volatility in oil prices has the ability to induce fluctuations in the output of both developed and developing economies. Moreover, factors such as business cycles and policy changes often introduce nonlinearity into the transmission mechanism of oil price shocks. This study therefore examines not only the interconnectedness of oil price volatility and output growth, but also the nonlinear, asymmetric impact of oil price volatility on output growth in the countries making up the Group of Seven. To this end, monthly data on West Texas Intermediate oil price and industrial production indices of the Group of Seven countries over the period 1990:01 to 2019:08 is used for empirical analysis. The study employs the DCC and cDCC-GARCH techniques for symmetric empirical analysis. The asymmetric empirical analysis is also conducted via GJR-GARCH, FIEGARCH, HYGARCH and cDCC-GARCH techniques. The findings reveal disparities in the magnitudes of the positive and negative (asymmetric) effects of oil price shocks on output growth. The results also reveal that past news and lagged volatility have a significant impact on the current conditional volatility of the output growth of the Group of Seven countries. The study concludes that the impact of oil price volatility on output growth in the selected economies is asymmetric, the volatility is highly persistent and clustered, and the asymmetric GARCH models outperform the symmetric GARCH models.
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Papers by Abdulkareem Alhassan