Papers by Reinhold Leinfelder
Prof. Dr. Reinhold Leinfelder, Lehrstuhlinhaber der Freien Universitat Berlin sowie Direktor des ... more Prof. Dr. Reinhold Leinfelder, Lehrstuhlinhaber der Freien Universitat Berlin sowie Direktor des Haus der Zukunft spricht im Eroffnungsvortrag "Welterbe Ozean" uber die Probleme der Meere und Ozeane aber auch uber Chancen und Losungsansatze. Sind wir den Auswirkungen hilflos ausgeliefert oder haben wir es selbst in der Hand, die Entwicklung umzukehren und die Nutzung des Ozeans nachhaltiger zu gestalten? Ein „Welterbe Ozean“ kann als leitende Vision dienen, um soziale, kulturelle, wissenschaftliche, technologische und politische Losungsansatze systemisch zu integrieren. Die Veranstaltung fand am 12. Mai 2016 im Rahmen des Colloquium Fundamentale am ZAK | Zentrum fur Angewandte Kulturwissenschaft und Studium Generale statt. Weitere Informationen: www.zak.kit.edu/colloquium_fundamentale
Gemeinsam Lernen, 2018
Der Begriff Anthropozän wird neuerdings verwendet, um in Anlehnung an erdgeschichtliche Epochenbe... more Der Begriff Anthropozän wird neuerdings verwendet, um in Anlehnung an erdgeschichtliche Epochenbezeichnungen unseren gegenwärtigen Zeitraum zu benennen, der, im Unterschied zu allen vorhergehenden Epochen, durch die Tätigkeit des Menschen, des Anthropos, geprägt wird. Ein unerschöpfli ches Datenmaterial belegt, daß in den vergangenen beiden Jahrhunderten der Mensch seine Umwelt biologisch, klimatisch und geologisch dermaßen tiefgreifend verändert hat, wie es in der Erdgeschichte bisher nur durch Kräfte der Natur oder des Kosmos (z.B. Erdbeben, Vulkanausbrüche, Meteo riteneinschläge, Schwankungen der Erdachse oder der Sonnenaktivität) ge schehen ist. Deshalb erscheint die abgrenzende Bezeichnung durch einen erdgeschichtlichen Epochennamen gerechtfertigt, um unsere Lage angemes sen und somit handlungsleitend definieren zu können. Die zu dieser Auffas sung führende erd-und wissenschaftsgeschichtliche Entwicklung beschreibt Eckart Ehlers indem er die jeweiligen geowissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse im Zusammenhang mit geistesgeschichtlichen Deutungen der Stellung des Menschen in der Welt erläutert. Er war Professor und langjähriger Direktor
Schriften zum Kultur- und Museumsmanagement, Dec 3, 2021
Im Kontext des Anthropozäns sollten Museen durch eine Verknüpfung visueller, szenografischer, nar... more Im Kontext des Anthropozäns sollten Museen durch eine Verknüpfung visueller, szenografischer, narrativer, explorativer und partizipativer Ansätze dazu beitragen können, das Potential eigener Gestaltungsfähigkeit zu unterstreichen und damit persönlichen Lebensgeschichten eine erweiterte Sinnhaftigkeit zu geben. Ein stärker systemischer Ansatz zum Verständnis der Zusammenhänge des Erdsystems auch hinsichtlich der Zukunftsfähigkeit der darin eingebetteten und interagierenden Anthroposphäre ist dazu unabdingbar. Museen haben ein großes Potenzial, aber auch eine große Verantwortung, diese Verknüpfung menschlichen Lebens und Handelns mit dem Erdsystem aufzuzeigen und dabei auch die Abhängigkeit der Gerechtigkeit zwischen heutigen und zukünftigen Generationen vom wissensbasierten gärtnerischen Umgang mit der Erde zu thematisieren. Die Ausrichtung unseres Handelns entlang einer symbiontischen Einbindung der Menschheit in das Erdsystem, böte vielfältige Ansätze zur dauerhaften Sicherung der menschlichen Lebensgrundlagen und würde unter der Prämisse der Teilhabe an Ressourcen und öf fentlichen Gütern eine auf sozialer Gerechtigkeit und Funktionsfähigkeit des Erdsystems basierende Gestaltung der Zukunft ermöglichen. Sich auf Zukunftsthemen verstärkt einzulassen, und vielleicht sogar das Abenteuer zu wagen, wahrscheinliche, mögliche und wünschbare Lebensweltzukünfte in Museen auszustellen, um sie explorieren, imaginieren, diskutieren und letztendlich mitgestalten zu können, sollte eine der wichtigsten Zukunftsaufgaben für Museen darstellen.
transcript Verlag eBooks, Dec 31, 2016
SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology) eBooks, 1999
Palaeontology, 1996
... Jenö Nagy, Matías Reolid, Francisco J Rodríguez-Tovar in Polar Research (2009). Save referenc... more ... Jenö Nagy, Matías Reolid, Francisco J Rodríguez-Tovar in Polar Research (2009). Save reference to library · Related research 2 readers. Foraminiferal assemblages as palaeoenvironmental bioindicators in Late Jurassic epicontinental platforms : Relation with trophic conditions ...
Blackwell Publishing Ltd eBooks, Apr 15, 2009
ABSTRACT SummaryA variety of carbonate buildups developed in the Lusitanian Basin during the late... more ABSTRACT SummaryA variety of carbonate buildups developed in the Lusitanian Basin during the late Jurassic. During an Oxfordian–Kimmeridgian rift phase evidence can be seen for both fault and diapiric control of buildup development. Fault-controlled buildups occur on the east side of the basin. They exhibit shelf profiles, are relatively thin (200–500 m), show well-developed lateral facies zonation and are dominated by lime mudstones and wackestones, with only minor amounts of packstones and grainstones. Salt-controlled buildups on the northwest margin of the basin are relatively thick (500–1500 m), show only gradual lateral facies variation with no distinct shelf break facies, and are dominated by grainstones and packstones.During the latest Oxfordian–early Kimmeridgian, a sudden relative sea-level rise drowned or partially drowned the earlier buildups, and this was quickly followed by a major influx of siliciclastic sediments. In the centre of the basin, a thin grainstone-dominated carbonate sequence of middle Kimmeridgian age developed on top of a prograding siliciclastic slope system. In the siliciclastic-starved southern part of the basin, a prograding low-energy ramp sequence of Kimmeridgian–Berriasian age was deposited.Carbonate facies associations described from Portugal also occur in Mesozoic carbonate bank sequences of eastern America. Data from recent US wells, and comparisons with Portugal, suggest that the eastern American Atlantic ‘reef trend’ is largely composed of grainstone–packstone dominated shelf-break sediments with only relatively minor amounts of biogenic reefal framework.
transcript Verlag eBooks, Dec 31, 2021
Brill | Fink eBooks, 2010
Haare hören - Strukturen wissen - Räume agieren, 2015
Was passiert, wenn man das Funktionsprinzip des menschlichen Ohrs in den Nanometerbereich überset... more Was passiert, wenn man das Funktionsprinzip des menschlichen Ohrs in den Nanometerbereich übersetzt, eine wissensarchitektonische Karte in einer Lecture Performance entworfen wird oder sich Forschende aus mehr als 25 Disziplinen mit Strukturen und Modellen auseinandersetzen? Welche neuen Erkenntnisse bringt die Zusammenarbeit zwischen Biomorphologie und Kunstgeschichte, Medienwissenschaft und Medizin? Und was können die Gestaltungsdisziplinen Design und Architektur zur Grundlagenforschung beitragen? Dieser Band versammelt Beiträge aus dem Exzellenzcluster Bild Wissen Gestaltung und beleuchtet im Fokus der drei titelgebenden Schlagwörter die Produktivität der vielfältigen Forschungsansätze: vom Methodentransfer zwischen den beteiligten Einzeldisziplinen bis hin zum interdisziplinären Entwurf neuer Wissens- und Forschungsstrukturen.
Zitteliana, 2005
In der Sötenicher Mulde der Eifeler Kalkmuldenzone werden an 3 verschiedenen Lokalitäten Profi la... more In der Sötenicher Mulde der Eifeler Kalkmuldenzone werden an 3 verschiedenen Lokalitäten Profi labfolgen aus dem unteren Givetium (Mitteldevon), die reich an ästigen tabulaten Korallen sind, faunistisch und faziell untersucht. Die ästige Tabulaten-Fauna setzt sich aus 12 verschiedenen Taxa zusammen: Alveolites (Alveolitella) fecundus, Alveolites (Alveolitella) crassus, Scoliopora cf. denticulata, Scoliopora cf. serpentina, Celechopora devonica, Pachyfavosites polymorphus, Pachyfavosites tumulosus?, Thamnopora cervicornis, Thamnopora irregularis, Thamnopora reticulata, Roemerolites brevis, Roemerolites tenuis. Jede Lokalität ist durch eine bestimmte niedrig diverse Faunenvergesellschaftung bzw.-assoziation charakterisiert: Celechopora-Argutastrea-Vergesellschaftung, Thamnopora-Roemerolites-Vergesellschaftung, Thamnopora-Alveolites-Spinatrypina-Assoziation. Das fazielle Umfeld aller drei Faunengemeinschaften, die lokale Riffrasen ausbilden, kann mit einem lagunär-fl achmarinen, sedimentbelasteten sowie niederenergetischen Milieu beschrieben werden. Fauna und Fazies deuten des weiteren auf eine generell erhöhte Nährstoffzufuhr hin. Unterschiede bestehen in der Paläobathymetrie der einzelnen Vorkommen, in der Sedimentationsrate sowie vermutlich in der Salinität.
Journal of Quaternary Science, Mar 29, 2023
<p&amp... more <p>Seasonality is a dominant factor in the Earth’s climate system, but proxy reconstructions on this time scale are sparse. Corals provide an excellent archive to reconstruct environmental conditions on seasonal time scale using geochemical proxies. Here, we use subfossil (~6.2-7.1 ka BP) <em>Siderastrea siderea</em> and <em>Pseudodiploria labyrinthiformis</em> corals from a pristine Mid-Holocene reef, located in Panamá, southwestern Caribbean. Mid-Holocene insolation seasonality in the Northern Hemisphere was stronger than at present. We investigate the resulting changes in SST and hydrological seasonality using coral Sr/Ca, δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>13</sup>C. To evaluate, if the coral heads can be utilised for geochemical analyses, they have been screened for diagenetic alteration (2D-XRD, thin section analysis). Obtained modern coral Sr/Ca-SST based annual cycle corresponds well with <em>in situ</em> measured SST. Fossil coral Sr/Ca-SST based cycles exceed the modern one by up to 50%. Fossil coral δ<sup>18</sup>O seasonal amplitudes are higher than the modern one by up to 30% and show a reduction in the mean gradient between wet and dry period, attributable to the northward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Increased SST and δ<sup>18</sup>O seasonality are consistent with model simulated SSTs (Kiel Climate Model) and model-based calculated pseudocoral δ<sup>18</sup>O, but the model underestimates the seasonality increase in the Mid-Holocene.</p>
Earth-Science Reviews, Mar 1, 2023
Facies, Dec 1, 1993
Summary Upper Jurassic reefs contain variable amounts of calcareous microbial crusts. In example... more Summary Upper Jurassic reefs contain variable amounts of calcareous microbial crusts. In examples from Portugal, Spain and southern Germany they occur within coral biostromes and bioherms, mixed coral-siliceous sponge reefs, siliceous sponge meadows and mudmounds, and build up thrombolities with or without additional reef metazoans. The crusts are of paramount importance for the establishment and development of positive buildups. Commonly, reef
Episodes, Aug 15, 2022
The Anthropocene defined as an epoch/series within the Geological Time Scale, and with an isochro... more The Anthropocene defined as an epoch/series within the Geological Time Scale, and with an isochronous inception in the mid-20 th century, would both utilize the rich array of stratigraphic signals associated with the Great Acceleration and align with Earth System science analysis from where the term Anthropocene originated. It would be stratigraphically robust and reflect the reality that our planet has far exceeded the range of natural variability for the Holocene Epoch/Series which it would terminate. An alternative, recently advanced, time-transgressive 'geological event' definition would decouple the Anthropocene from its stratigraphic characterisation and association with a major planetary perturbation. We find this proposed anthropogenic 'event' to be primarily an interdisciplinary concept in which historical, cultural and social processes and their global environmental impacts are all flexibly interpreted within a multi-scalar framework. It is very different from a stratigraphic-methods-based Anthropocene epoch/series designation, but as an anthropogenic phenomenon , if separately defined and differently named, might be usefully complementary to it.
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Papers by Reinhold Leinfelder
How did this somewhat unusual meeting come about? To answer this question, we must look back to 2013 and the inception of the cluster. The Cluster of Excellence assembled 25 different research disciplines from the areas of Gestaltung and science – natural, cultural, and social as well as the humanities. This combination of disciplines allows relationships to germinate that would unfold in new perspectives on the objects and processes of our times. The laboratory created a forum for academic work that previous rigid disciplinary limits and institutional barriers had precluded; until then, universities were, for the most part, organised in disciplinary departments and faculties. The aim of the cluster was, and is, to discover possible synergies through new collaborative methods and interlinked interdisciplinary (i.e. not simply multidisciplinary) research approaches; it aims to unearth their potential and consolidate knowledge gains with the help of the subjects more readily associated with Gestaltung.
One of the cluster base projects, The Anthropocene Kitchen: A laboratory connecting home and world, was part of the Interdisciplinary Laboratory. We (the editors, together with other project scientists) investigated the kitchen as an in influential locus for the exchange of energy in the 'Anthropocene' age – our current geological era, the era of humankind. Our focus was the kitchen as one of the most energy- and resource-intensive loci, the terminal of a global production chain and logistics systems, through whose daily practices – native or general – the Anthropocene takes shape. Two levels of observation and measurement were involved and interlinked: on the one hand, the cultural level of preparing and eating food; on the other, the level of natural science, where resources, energy, and material ows are itemised on the balance sheet. The overriding aim was to highlight the fact that the Gestaltung of everyday life itself requires the contemporisation of global chains of effect which involve individual actions and a consideration of outsourcing practices that have persisted until now. The topic of food, which a ects everyone in equal measure, is a perfect candidate in this endeavour.
Ten experts from the fields of geology, biology, geo-ecology, architecture, design, and geo-informatics worked on the base project, concentrating on themes that had augmented over the years and setting out to find solutions for the future of the global food supply. A conscious decision was taken to select diverse forms of publication.
Our group, with a focus on global resource ows and a working title of 'Welt' (world), decided to take the comic as a communicative medium of Gestaltung. The possibilities it provided for combining word and image gave us the necessary means to represent complex contexts in a visual and appealing way, without having to simplify things. The use of narrative and personalisation can moreover convey factual information along diverse channels of perception. The embedding of facts within a narrative seems more than necessary, particularly at a time frequently described as 'post-factual'. This interlacing is especially evident in the cultural and artistic diversity of the comic which was implemented by 12 international graphic artists. A further emotional level of meaning transpired through this project, which could not have been carried by words alone.
However, the production of a factual comic strip has one more objective, as yet too seldom countenanced: In order to make social dynamics and processes apprehensible and researchable in a societal context, one needs to remove the distinction between 'producing scientific knowledge' and the 'communication of science'. These two areas are particularly closely linked in the field of food and nutrition by acquired know-how, itself strongly influenced by culture. The narrative of each chapter was developed from interviews with people from ten different countries on the subjects of food habits and eating cultures. We took this dialogue-driven 'co-design' as a basis for generating the subsequent scientific research need. We did not attempt to formulate hypotheses in advance, in order to then seek empirical backing through interviews; instead, we let our research be directed by the protagonists' answers. Consequently, some unexpected re-combinations, linkages, and new evaluations in our scientific work arose out of that process.
In order to attain the necessary transdisciplinarity, particularly the involvement of society and thus the fusion of knowledge generation and transfer, we deliberately kept the development of the storyboard relatively open, having first defined a few conditions to the structural framework. This required the theme of nutrition be discussed and tested against potential and possibly expandable options for the future, focusing on three main elements: 1) materials ows (local, regional, and global), 2) infrastructures (transport routes, markets, the home, and especially, the kitchen), and 3) the greatest possible diversity of cultural contexts. This was presented by means of a 'journey' through various countries. We did not address the three elements in a standard progression but adapted them to the storyboard as drafted together with the protagonists. This was because many aspects crystallised only after an intensive exchange of ideas.
The main part of the comic provide an outline – one might also say an exemplary mapping of the food behaviours in today's Anthropocene era – and thus of the cultural preferences of the protagonists and the resulting outcomes for local, regional and global environments, and the entire earth system. The last chapter on the future of global nutrition was, as mentioned above, undertaken by all the artists involved in the book at the workshop (read more about the content of the book in the epilogue on page 111-117).
This much on the background. Now, to return to the symposium, which the present volume seeks to document. The first day of the symposium was dedicated to comics studies. Following the welcome speech by Reinhold Leinfelder, Principal Investigator for the project, comics studies scholar Jaqueline Berndt, back then still at Kyoto Seika University, surveyed science manga with a special focus on nutrition and food safety after the Triple Disaster of Fukushima on 11 March 2011. Nick Sousanis, assistant professor of the School of Humanities and Liberal Studies at San Francisco State University, US, who published his doctoral thesis entirely in comics, spoke about the educational potential inherent in the interweaving of image and text. Science journalist Lukas Plank from Vienna invited people to discuss whether scienti c cartoon strips should be subjected to rules and guidelines in order to make sources and facts more transparent. Stephan Packard, a researcher into media culture at Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg and President of the German Society for Comics Studies (ComFor), developed this theme further by asking "How factual are factual comics?". This was followed by a presentation by illustrator Veronika Mischitz and Henning Krause, of the Helmholtz Society's science communication department, of excerpts of their monthly web cartoon strip Klar soweit? (Savvy?). Finally, Reinhold Leinfelder explained the background for the Eating Anthropocene comic as a format for intercultural, cross-discipline, and participative communication.
The second day was dedicated to the subject of nutrition. It was introduced by Arnold van Huis, Emeritus Professor at Wageningen University, Netherlands, a leading expert on insects as animal feed and human food. He expounded the potential of insects as an alternative source of animal protein, both for human consumption and for feeding animals. Cultural scientist Katerina Teaiwa of the Australian National University in Canberra joined the symposium by Skype and talked about the environmental effects of phosphate mining on Banaba, a tiny island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. She also discussed the social and political effects of mining on the population of Banaba in order to provide for rich harvests in the agricultural fields of Australia and New Zealand. Anne-Kathrin Kuhlemann, Managing Partner of BE Solutions & Blue Systems Design GmbH, spoke about the economic chances of sustainable and modern cycles of food production speci cally in urban settings, citing as an example TopFarmers in Berlin.
The agricultural and nutritional scientist Toni Meier of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany, provided the audience with a lot of theoretical and practical input at the 'Lunchtalk' with reference to the environmental footprint of various foods and diets. This was accompanied by a chickpea stew – a dish with a very tiny ecological footprint. As dessert we served a bee sting cake with drone larvae, made to a recipe featured in the comic.
This volume of symposium proceedings contains contributions from all the participants in a variety of formats including essays, lectures, comics, and an interview. We hope that this blend will foster the promising cooperation between science and the humanities by using the medium comic.
Reinhold Leinfelder, Alexandra Hamann, Jens Kirstein, Marc Schleunitz, Theresa Habermann
For a long time humanity thought of the sea as some- thing inexhaustible. Given the sheer size of the oceans, it seemed inconceivable that humans might be able to exert any appreciable influence on the ‘blue continent’.
Changes caused by humans take place gradually, and even today they are very difficult to detect or measure. It therefore took a long time before it was discovered that the impact of humankind on the sea grew ever stronger as our society became more industrialized, finally reach- ing disturbing dimensions: marine fish stocks are in a poor state due to overfishing, so that almost two-thirds of stocks need time to recover; a fifth of the species-rich coral reefs have already disappeared and three-quarters are at risk; and not least, our societies use the oceans as a rubbish dump, threatening species and ecosystems with nutrients, toxins and plastic. Man-made hazards also include CO2 emissions from fossil fuels, which are increasingly acidifying the oceans and thus endangering marine ecosystems. The acid concentration has already risen by almost a third since industrialization began, and this can have considerable effects on marine ecosystems and fishery.
Further examples of humanity’s huge impact include cases of large-scale pollution (like after the disastrous accident involving the Deepwater Horizon oil rig in April 2010), the sudden collapse in the early 1990s of the once seemingly inexhaustible stocks of cod off Newfound- land, and the rising temperature of the world’s oceans, which has already led to a dramatic reduction in the size of the Arctic sea ice. Overall, the oceans are in an unsat- isfactory state. This largely still undiscovered ‘blue con- tinent’ is proving to be fragile, and in parts it is already irreversibly damaged. For these reasons, the oceans – their treasures and the threats they face – repeatedly find themselves at the focus of public attention.
Human influence grows with technological develop- ment. Today, new ways of using the seas promise great opportunities, but they can also put new pressure on the oceans and their ecosystems. Using the huge potential of offshore wind power can contribute to a climate-friendly energy supply. On the other hand, unprecedented and unquantifiable risks are involved in the extraction of fossil oil and gas resources from the deep sea and the Arctic, and in mining methane hydrates – all of which are now becoming technically feasible. Similarly, the increas- ingly effective methods being used to detect and catch fish in remote areas of the high seas and at ever-greater depths are increasing pressure on fish stocks and marine ecosystems.
Humankind is dependent on the seas, their ecosys- tem services and their biological diversity – for food, energy generation, medical products, tourism, climate- regulating functions and the oceans’ absorption of CO2. Against the background of humanity’s influence on the seas – which is already big today and could potentially become much larger in the future – and in view of the seas’ key importance for our societies, the WBGU asks how humanity might best go about the task of develop- ing a sustainable stewardship of the oceans.
What condition will the oceans be in when we hand them over to coming generations in the middle of this century? Are we now going to take on responsibility and embark on the path of sustainability in the real world and not merely on paper? Much will depend on how marine conservation and ocean uses are organized, in other words on ocean governance. This report there- fore focuses on the global, regional and national rules governing the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, and above all on how we can ensure that these rules are implemented, which has been a huge problem in the past.
The WBGU puts the debate on the seas into the context of the ‘Great Transformation’ towards a low-carbon, sustainable society – the subject of its 2011 flagship report ‘A Social Contract for Sustainability’. Here,the WBGU argued that if greenhouse-gas emissions continued growing unabated, the Earth system would breach planetary guard rails within a few decades and enter domains that would be incompatible with sustainable development. The WBGU is convinced that nothing short of a new industrial revolution can prevent this.
For that to happen, the world will have to phase out not only fossil power generation, but also energy-intensive urbanization and emissions-intensive land use within the next few decades. The WBGU believes the seas should be fully incorporated into this transformation towards a low-carbon, sustainable society, in particular because of the irreversibility of some of the processes involved. The oceans have the potential to give the transformation massive support; in turn, the transformation is necessary for the long-term conservation of the marine ecosystems.
The WBGU already focused on the seas in its 2006 special report ‘The Future Oceans – Warming Up, Rising High, Turning Sour’. In particular it took a closer look at the interface between greenhouse-gas emissions and the oceans (e.g. warming, sea-level rise, ocean acidi- fication). In the present report the WBGU examines the examples of food and energy, which were already at the centre of its 2011 flagship report on transfor- mation. It studies the sustainable management of fish stocks, sustainable aquaculture and the development of marine renewable-energy systems. It also shows how the oceans can make a substantial contribution to the transformation. At the same time, the seas and their ecosystems are threatened by the effects of climate change and ocean acidification.
The WBGU shows that the conservation and sustain- able use of the oceans are urgently necessary, that a transformation towards low-carbon, sustainable devel- opment is possible including the oceans, and that it can yield substantial advantages worldwide for sustainable energy supplies and food security.
A major transformation is needed to stop climate change; in other words, we have to learn to live and to produce what we need in sustainable ways. Scientists, politicians and citizens will have to work together to achieve this. In this book, eminent scientists show us that we can beat the heat – and how to do it!