English Learning
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bioberonahgoskEnglish Learning
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bioberonahgoskBonjour chers
candidats et candidates. Aujourd'hui nous allons faire la notion de Asking Question. En anglais,
les expressions que nous utilisons pour poser des questions s'appellent Asking Question ou Wh
-question. Il s'agit de : What, Where, Who,Which, Why, Whom ,When ,While, How, Whose, How
long ago, How often, How far, How many, How much....
La règle générale de Asking Question :
Asking Question + Auxiliaire ( au temps du verbe ) + Subject + Verb + Complément + ?
Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Asking Question :
1er Cas : Who ( Qui )
On utilise Who lorsqu'ils ont souligné une personne ou un sujet dans la phrase.
Exemple 1 : ( Alice ) is ill.
Réponse : Who is ill ?
2 ème Cas : Whom ( À qui , Qui )
On utilise Whom lorsqu'ils ont souligné une personne ou un objet.
Exemple : The teacher punished ( Fonligan ).
Réponse : Who did the teacher punish ?
Ou on peut dire aussi :
Whom did the teacher punish ?
3 ème Cas : Whose ( Dont )
On utilise Whose lorsqu'il s'agit de la possession. Autrement dit, lorsqu'ils ont souligné un
pronom possessif ( mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs ) ou un adjectif possessif ( my, your, his,
her, its, our, their ) dans la phrase.
Exemple 1 : He took ( my ) car.
Réponse : Whose car did he take ?
Exemple 2 : He took ( Bob's ) car.
Réponse : Whose car did he take ?
Exemple : Tom went to covè ( last week ) .
Réponse : When did Tom go to covè ?
Nb : L' expression ( last week ) a été souligné dans cette phrase. Mais moi j'ai mis ça entre
parenthèse.
On ne doit pas trouver l'expression soulignée dans la réponse.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Il faut toujours mettre le point d'interrogation à la
fin de la phrase.
Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Asking Question :
1er Cas : Who ( Qui )
On utilise Who lorsqu'ils ont souligné une personne ou un sujet dans la phrase.
Exemple : ( Alice ) is ill.
Réponse : Who is ill ?
2 ème Cas : Whom ( À qui , Qui )
On utilise Whom lorsqu'ils ont souligné une personne ou un objet.
Exemple : The teacher punished ( Fonligan ).
Réponse : Who did the teacher punish ?
Ou on peut dire aussi :
Whom did the teacher punish ?
3 ème Cas : Whose ( Dont )
On utilise Whose lorsqu'il s'agit de la possession. Autrement dit, lorsqu'ils ont souligné un
pronom possessif ( mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs ) ou un adjectif possessif ( my, your, his,
her, its, our, their ) dans la phrase.
Exemple 1 : He took ( my ) car.
Réponse : Whose car did he take ?
Exemple 2 : He took ( Bob's ) car.
Réponse : Whose car did he take ?
4 ème Cas : Where ( Où )
On utilise Where lorsqu'il s'agit d'un lieu ou d'une place.
Exemple 1 : She went ( to Paris ).
Réponse : Where did she go ?
Exemple 2 : He will come ( here ).
Réponse : Where will he come ?
Exercices sur les différents cas de Asking Question qu'on a fait aujourd'hui :
Exercices : Ask questions on the underlined words.
1) It is ( Peter's ) bag.
2) Alidou goes ( to school ) every morning.
3)( A Carpenter ) makes furniture.
4) She has sent the mail ( to the right customer ) .
Bonjour chers candidats et candidates. Nous allons continuer aujourd'hui avec les autres cas de
Asking Question :
5 ème Cas : When ( Quand )
On utilise When, lorsqu'ils ont souligné le moment dans la phrase.
Exemple : We will come ( tomorrow ).
Réponse : When will we come ?
6 ème Cas : Why ( Pourquoi )
On utilise Why pour connaître la raison ou la cause. C'est - à -dire lorsqu'ils ont souligné la,
raison ou la cause, on utilise Why ( Pourquoi ).
Exemple : She was late ( because he missed the rain ).
Réponse : Why was she late ?
7 ème Cas : How ( Comment )
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Exemple : The well is ( twenty meters ) deep.
Réponse : How deep is the well ?
16 ème Cas : How tall ( Taille )
On utilise How tall pour connaître la taille ou lorsqu'on parle de la taille.
Exemple : Célestine is ( 2 meters ) tall.
Réponse : How tall is Célestine ?
Nous allons faire des exercices sur les différents cas de Asking Question qu'on avait fait hier :
Exercices : Ask questions on the underlined words.
1) They rewarded ( the best ) student.
2) The pencil cost one ( hundred francs ).
3) The teacher punished ( two ) students.
4) Lagos is ( about 100 km ) from Cotonou.
5) A bag of cement is ( 50 kg ).
6) The river is ( 40 m deep ) under the dridge.
7) A giraffe is ( 5 m tall ) .
8) My car runs at ( 200 km/h ).
Bonjour chers candidats. Comment allez-vous ??? Nous allons continuer avec les autres cas de
Asking Question.
👉 17 ème Cas : How long ( Duration, For et Since )
On utilise How long lorsqu'il s'agit de la durée. On utilise également How long lorsqu'ils ont
souligné des expressions telles que : Since, For....
Exemple : They played ( for two hours ).
Réponse : How long did they play ?
👉 18 ème Cas : How long ago ? When ? ( Ago )
On utilise How long ago , lorsqu'il s'agit du passé. L'expression Ago permet également d'utiliser
How long ago.
Exemple : ( A long time ago ) the sky was not far from earth.
Réponse : How long ago was not the sky far from the earth ?
👉 19 ème Cas : How often ( Frequency )
On utilise How often lorsqu'ils ont souligné les expressions de la fréquence telles que : generaly,
sometimes, often, rarely, habitualy, ever, always,....... Nous avons aussi des expressions telles
que : twice, once, three times.....
Exemple : John often watches love films.
Réponse : How often does John watch love films ?
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec le dernier cas de Asking Question .
👇 Suivez bien l'utilisation de What in Asking Question :
20 ème Cas : What ( Quoi / Quel )
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: On utilise what dans une phrase lorsqu'ils ont
souligné :
👉 Animal / Thing ..... Subject / Objet :
Exemple :
( The desk ) is in wood.
Réponse : What is wood ?
👉 Profession :
Exemple :
Roger is a ( dentist ).
Réponse :
What is Roger ?
👉 Action :
Exemple :
Zidane plays ( football ).
Réponse :
What does Zidane do ?
👉 To tell time :
Exemple :
It is ( 4 o' clock ) .
What time is it ?
👉 What ....for ? ( Reason / Purpose )
Exemple :
Charles will go to Nigeria ( to learn English ).
Réponse :
What will charles go to Nigeria for ?
👉 What colour ? ( Couleur ) :
Exemple :
The board is ( black ).
Réponse :
What colour is the board ?
Exercices sur l'utilisation de What in Asking Question :
1) Bob lost ( the money ).
2) It is ( 2 o'clock ) .
3) Tom has eaten ( beans ).
4) It was ( hot ) yesterday.
5) John is ( strong ).
6) Fonligan is ( lazy ).
7) Alice will go to Nigeria ( to learn English ).
8) The door is ( black ).
👇 Suivez bien l'utilisation de What in Asking Question :
20 ème Cas : What ( Quoi / Quel )
On utilise what dans une phrase lorsqu'ils ont souligné :
👉 Animal / Thing ..... Subject / Objet :
Exemple :
( The desk ) is in wood.
Réponse : What is wood ?
👉 Profession :
Exemple :
Roger is a ( dentist ).
Réponse :
What is Roger ?
👉 Action :
Exemple :
Zidane plays ( football ).
Réponse :
What does Zidane do ?
👉 To tell time :
[email protected]
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Exemple :
It is ( 4 o' clock ) .
What time is it ?
👉 What ....for ? ( Reason / Purpose )
Exemple :
Charles will go to Nigeria ( to learn English ).
Réponse :
What will charles go to Nigeria for ?
👉 What colour ? ( Couleur ) :
Exemple :
The board is ( black )
Réponse :
What colour is the board ?
👉 What is / was ....+ like ? To describe the weather and for moral description ( Portrait Morale )
Exemple 1 :
It is ( cold ) today.
Réponse :
What is the weather like today ?
Exemple 2 :
The exercice is ( difficult ) .
Réponse :
What is the exercice like ?
👉 What + do / does / did + subject + look like ? ( For physical appearance ) [ Portrait Physique ]
Exemple :
Tom is ( strong ) .
Réponse :
What does Tom look like ?
🖕Merci beaucoup pour la compréhension 🙏😊🙏
Bonjour chers candidats. Aujourd'hui nous allons faire des exercices sur les différents cas de
Asking Question qu'on avait fait dans le groupe.
Exercices : Ask questions based on the underlined word(s ).
1 ) ( John ) plays football.
2) ( The board ) is black.
3) ( The dog ) likes meat.
4) Alice ( is eating ).
5) My oncle is ( a farmer ).
6) It is ( cold and windy ) today.
7) Djigba is ( strong ).
8) Mum is ( very king )
9) She took ( the red ) car.
10) The teacher punished ( the lazy ) boy.
Exercices sur les différents cas de Asking Question ( Suite ) :
11) They stole ( Bob's ) pen.
12) The police arrested him ( for stealing ).
13) She went to Ghana ( to improve her English ).
14) She bought ( a lot of ) books.
15) I will borrow ( her ) copy - book.
16) She drank ( a lot of ) beer.
17) The taxi - driver drives at ( 60 km/ h )
18) Cotonou is ( 32 km ) from Porto - Novo.
19) It took the new secretary ( an hour )
to type this letter.
20) We have lived here ( for eight years ).
21) We have lived here ( since 1996 ).
22) They got married ( a long time ago ).
23) I went to Parakou ( during the holidays ).
24) The car cost ( 5 000.000 FCFA ).
25) The bag is ( 50 kilos ).
26 ) Toni is ( two meters ) tall.
Nous allons commencer l'étude des notions. Nous allons commencer par les notions
d'inversion :
Nous allons commencer par les notions d'inversion :
Notion d'inversion 1: Never
Règle de Never :
Never + Auxiliaire ( au temps du verbe ) + Subject + Verb +............
Exemple :
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Tom eats rice.
👉 Never does Tom eat rice.
Nb : S'il y a déjà un auxiliaire dans la phrase, on utilise l' auxiliaire pour faire le rephrasing. Mais
s'il n'y a pas d'auxiliaire dans la phrase, on utilise alors l'auxiliaire To Do pour faire le rephrasing.
Exercices d'application sur la notion d'inversion Never :
1) Muslims eat pork.
👉 Never...................
2) John had played football yesterday.
👉 Never....................
3) Alice didn't learn his lessons.
👉 Never....................
Bonsoir chers candidats. Ce soir, nous allons continuer avec les notions d'inversion.
Notion d'inversion 3 :
Not only.........but.... also....
Not only = Non seulement / Pas seulement
But = Mais
Also = Aussi
Règle de Not only....but.... also :
👉
Not only + Auxiliaire ( au temps du verbe ) + Subject 1 + Verb 1 +...... + but + Subject 2 + Verb 2
+ also +.....
Exemple :
Tom is intelligent but he can't resolve this problem.
👉 Not only is Tom Intelligent but he can't resolve also this problem.
Nb : S'il y a déjà un auxiliaire dans la phrase, on utilise l'auxiliaire pour faire le rephrasing mais
s'il n'y a pas d'auxiliaire dans la phrase on utilise l'auxiliaire To Do pour faire le rephrasing.
Exercices d'application sur la notion d'inversion Not only.....but... also..:
1) Luna is poor but she is generous.
👉 Not only............
2) The police arrested the opposition leader and tortured him.
👉 Not only.............
3) Tom didn't learn his lessons but he played football.
👉 Not only.........but.... also....
Nous allons continuer avec la notion d'inversion 4 :
No sooner........... than......
Traduction :
No sonner..... than..... = Pas plutôt..........que.....
Règle de cette notion :
👉 No sooner + had + Subject 1 + Pp ( Participe passé du verbe 1 ) + ...... + than + Subject 2 +
Verb 2 ( Simple past )+.....
Exemple :
Aline did her exercises and she immediately went out.
👉 No sooner had Aline done her exercises than she immediately went out.
Nb : Si No sooner vient , and doit forcément partir.
De plus, n'oubliez pas les participes passés et les temps qu'il faut utiliser.
Nous allons continuer avec la notion d'inversion 5 : Hardly
Hardly ............ when....= À peine........que.....
Règle de cette notion :
👉 Hardly + had + Subject 1 + PP ( Participe passé du verbe 1 ) + ...... + when + Subject 2 + Verb
2 ( Simple past ) +.....
Exemple :
Aline did her exercices and she immediately went out.
👉 Hardly had Aline done her exercises when she immediately went out.
Nb : Nous avons aussi certaines notions d'inversion qui ont les mêmes règles que Hardly. Il
s'agit de :
Not long , Rarely et Scarcely .
Exemple :
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Aline did her exercices and she immediately
went out .
👉 Not long had Aline done her exercises when she immediately went out.
Attention : Not long # Not only . Ils n'ont pas la même règle.
🔥 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, posez des questions.
Exercices d'application sur la notion d'inversion Hardly : 1)You are not only my cousin but you
are also my confident
*Not only..................
1) Just as they completed the work they went to the movies
👉 Not long................
👉 Hardly.....................
2) John finished his studies and started doing business.
👉 Hardly..............
👉 Rarely.............
Exercices d'application sur la notion d'inversion Hardly :
1) Just as they completed the work they went to the movies.
👉 Not long................
👉 Hardly.....................
2) John finished his studies and started doing business.
👉 Hardly..............
👉 Rarely.............
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les notions d'inversion.
Les notions d'inversion qui vient souvent à l'examen sont :
👉 Never ( Jamais ) ; Nowhere ( Nul part ) , Not only.....but ... also...( Non seulement.... mais...
aussi...) ,
No sooner.... than...( Pas plutôt.... que ) ,. Hardly....... when ....( À peine.... que ).
On appelle ces notions des notions d'inversion.
Remarque : Attention si ces notions se trouvent au milieu de la phrase, il ne faut jamais faire
l'inversion du sujet. C'est un secret qu'il faut garder. Vous ferez l'inversion du sujet lorsque vous
verrez ces notions au début de la phrase.
Exemple :
As soon as the teacher left the class, the students started talking .
👍 The teacher had hardly..........
👉 The teacher had no sooner........
Réponse :
👍 The teacher had hardly left the class when the students started talking.
👉 The teacher had no sooner left the class than the students started talking.
Nb : Nous avons constaté que ces notions d'inversion sont au milieu de la phrase. Donc on ne
peut plus faire l' inversion du sujet.
Ok nous allons commencer par les notions d'opposition qui ont la même règle.
En anglais, nous avons plusieurs notions d'opposition qui ont la même règle. Il s'agit de :
👉 But ( Mais )
All the same ( Tout de même )
However ( Cependant )
And yet ( et pourtant )
Nevertheless ( Néanmoins )
🔥 Ces notions d'opposition qui ont la même règle sont toujours au milieu de la phrase.
👉 Règle de ces notions d'opposition qui ont la même règle :
Subject 1 + Verb 1 + .... + but / all the same / and yet / nevertheless / however + Subject 2 +
Verb 2 +......
Exemple :
Tom is rich however he is unhappy.
👉 Tom is rich but / all the same he is unhappy.
👉 Tom is rich and yet he is unhappy.
Remarque : Si une notion d'opposition vient, l'autre qui était dans la phrase doit forcément partir.
🔥 Nb : Attention : However a deux règles en général.
Voilà la première règle qu'elle a en commun avec ces structures .
Nous allons faire la 2 ème règle de However après.
Rephrase this sentence :
1) Tom is intelligent but he can't resolve this problem.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 🔥 Despite et In spite of.
Despite = Malgré
In spite of = En dépit de
Despite et In spite of ont la même règle.
Nous avons trois règles de Despite et In spite of en général .
Nous allons commencer par la première règle de Despite et In spite of.
🔥 1 ère règle de Despite et In spite of :
👉 Despite / In spite of + the fact that + Subject 1+ Verb 1 +...... + Subject 2 + Verb 2 +.........
Exemple :
Tom is intelligent but he can't resolve this problem.
👉 Despite the fact that Tom is intelligent, he can't resolve this problem.
👉 In spite of the fact that Tom is intelligent, he can't resolve this problem.
🔥 Remarque :
👉 Despite et In spite of ont la même règle.
👉 Despite et In spite of ont trois 03 règles en général.
Exercices d'application sur la notion de Despite et In spite of :
Loïs is Intelligent but he is failed.
👉 Despite.................
👉 In spite of...............
Nous allons continuer avec la 2 ème règle de Despite et In spite of.
2 ème règle de Despite et In spite of :
👉 Despite / In spite of + adjectif possessif + adjectif / adverb + ....... + Subject + Verb +...........
Exemple :
Tom is intelligent but he can't resolve this problem.
👉 Despite his intelligence, Tom can't resolve this problem.
👉 In spite of his intelligence, Tom can't resolve this problem.
Remarque :
🔥 J'ai choisi his comme adjectif possessif parce qu'on dit son intélligence.
Exercices d'application sur la 2 ème règle de Despite et In spite of :
1) Edna is beautiful however she doesn't find any husband.
👉 Despite..............
👉 In spite of............
2) Alice is poor all the same she is generous.
👉 In spite of.............
👉 Despite...............
Nous allons commencer la troisième règle de Despite et In spite of.
3 ème Règle de Despite et In spite of :
👉 Despite / in spite of + possessif adjectif + Gerund + adjectif / adverb + Subject + Verb +.....
Exemple 1:
Tom is sick and yet he plays football.
👉 Despite his being sick, he plays football.
Exemple 2 :
Ariana is poor but she is generous.
👉 In spite of her being poor, she is generous.
Remarque :
👉 Concernant l'adjectif possessif, vous devez :
His si c'est un garçon.
Her si c'est une fille.
Exercices d'application :
1) Edna is beautiful and yet she does not find any husband.
👉 In spite of...............
2) Azôwato is intelligent but he is failed.
👉 Despite.................
Nb: C'est la 3 ème règle qu'il faut utiliser.
However = Cependant
No matter how = Aussi à quel point
2 ème règle de However :
👉 However / No matter how + Adjectif / Adverb + Subject 1 + Verb1 + Subject 2 + Verb 2 +
...........
Exemple :
Tom is intelligent but he can't resolve this problem.
👉 No matter how Intelligent Tom is, he can't resolve this problem.
👉 However intelligent Tom is, he can't resolve this problem.
Notion de Wish :
Wish = Souhait
Il faut reconnaître que Wish à 5 cinq règle.
Nous allons faire la première règle de wish .
1 ère règle de wish :
👉 Subject + wish + full Infinitive ( verbe avec To ) +......
Exemple :
John wishes ( to go ) to England next year.
👉 John wishes to go to England next year.
Nb :
🔥 On utilise cette règle lorsqu'il y a un seul sujet dans la phrase.
🔥 On écrit le verbe qui est dans la parenthèse avec to .
L'utilisation de Wish en rephrasing .
Wished = souhaitait / a souhaité.
2 ème règle de Wish :
👉 Subject 1 + Wished +.... + Subject 2 + Verb ( past perfect ) .
👉 Si la phrase est dans la forme affirmative , elle devient négative.
👉 Si la phrase est dans la forme négative, elle devient affirmative.
Exemple :
1) If only the police arrested the car .
👉 I wished the police had not arrested the car.
2) Joseph didn't play football yesterday.
👉 I wished Joseph had played football yesterday.
3 ème règle de Wish :
👉 Subject 1 + wish +....+ Subject 2 + Verb 2 ( Simple past ) [ si nous sommes dans un contexte
où il y a le présent ]
Nb:
👉 Ici, les Keys words du présent sont nécessaires à connaître.
👉 Le présent de l'indicatif est aussi nécessaire à connaître.
👉 Si la forme est à la forme affirmative, elle devient négative.
👉 Si la phrase est à la forme négative, elle devient affirmative.
Exemple :
Alice doesn't learn her lessons everyday.
👉 I wish Alice learned her lessons everyday.
Remarque :
👉 La présence du key Word everyday montre que nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le
présent. C'est pourquoi j'ai conjugué le verbe au simple past.
👉 De plus, la phrase est à la forme négative, donc elle devient affirmative.
Exercice encore sur la même notions
1) It's a pity he is bad at English.
I wish...
2)I'm sorry they didn't succeed
I wish.....
3)why did you steal the money?
I wish.....
4) I'm sorry she is always late
I'd rather.....
5) It's a pity he missed the plane
If only.....
Nous allons continuer avec la notion de Wish.
🔥 4 ème règle de Wish :
👉 Subject 1 + wish +....+ Subject 2
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 👉Subject 1 + wish +....+ Subject 2 + Verb 2
( Past perfect ) [ si nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le passé ]
Nb:
👉 Ici, les Keys words du simple past sont nécessaires à connaître.
👉 La formation du simple past est aussi nécessaire à connaître.
👉 Si la phrase est à la forme affirmative, elle devient négative.
👉 Si la phrase est à la forme négative, elle devient affirmative.
Exemple :
John played football yesterday.
👉 I wish John had not played football yesterday.
Remarque :
👉 La présence du key Word yesterday montre que nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le
passé. C'est pourquoi j'ai conjugué le verbe au Past perfect.
👉 De plus, la phrase est à la forme affirmative, donc elle devient négative .
Nous allons continuer avec la notion de Wish.
🔥 5 ème règle de Wish :
👉 Subject 1 + wish +....+ Subject 2 + Verb 2 ( Conditionnel present p ) [ si nous sommes dans
un contexte où il y a le futur ]
Nb:
👉 Ici, les Keys words du futur simple sont nécessaires à connaître.
👉 La formation du futur simple est aussi nécessaire à connaître.
👉 Si la phrase est à la forme affirmative, elle devient négative.
👉 Si la phrase est à la forme négative, elle devient affirmative.
Exemple 1:
John wishes Tom ( To help ) him resolve this problem next time.
Réponse :
👉 John wishes Tom would help him resolve this problem next time.
Exemple 2 :
The teacher will not come tomorrow.
👉 The students wish the teacher would come tomorrow.
Remarque :
👉 La présence du key Word tomorrow montre que nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le
futur . C'est pourquoi j'ai conjugué le verbe au Conditionnel present.
👉 De plus, la phrase est à la forme négative, donc elle devient affirmative.
Interrogation sur les notions d'inversion et d'opposition étudiées :
1) John is lazy but he succeeded in his exam.
👉 Although / Though..........
👉 However..............
👉 No matter how..........
👉 Lazy...............
👉 ............ nevertheless.........
2) He left to school after he had eaten rice.
👉 No sooner............
👉 Hardly.................
👉 Not long..............
👉 Not only..............
3) John could not play football because he hadn't learned his lessons.
👉 As ................
4) Paul doesn't come at school and he plays football.
👉 Instead of.............
5) Luna is poor but she is generous.
👉 Despite...............
👉 In spite of...........
5) They
liked speak english.
👉 Never.............
6) Loïs will not vote anywhere tomorrow.
👉 Nowhere..............
1)
👉 Although / Though John is lazy, he succeeded in his exam.
👉 However lazy John is, he succeeded in his exam.
👉 No Mather how lazy John is, he succeeded in his exam.
👉 Lazy as John is, he succeeded in his exam.
👉 John is lazy neverhless he succeeded in his exam.
2)
👉 No sooner had he eaten rice than he left to school.
👉 Hardly had he eaten rice when he left to school.
👉 Not long had he eaten rice when he left to school.
👉 Not only had he eaten rice but he left also to school.
3:
👉 As John hadn't learned his lessons, he could not pay football.
4)
👉 Instead of coming at school,Paul plays football.
5:
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 👉 Despite / in spite of the fact that Lunia is
poor, she is generous.
👉 Despite / in spite of her poverty, she is generous.
👉 Despite / in spite of her being poor, she is generous.
6:
👉 Never did they like speak English.
7)
👉 Nowhere will Lois vote tomorow.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Voici la correction de l'interrogation sur les notions d'inversion et
d'opposition étudiées dans la semaine.
1) John is lazy but he succeeded in his exam.
👉 Although / Though John is lazy, he succeeded in his exam.
👉 However lazy John is, he succeeded in his exam.
👉 No Mather how lazy John is, he succeeded in his exam.
👉 Lazy as John is, he succeeded in his exam.
👉 John is lazy neverhless he succeeded in his exam.
2 ) He left to school after he had eaten rice.
👉 No sooner had he eaten rice than he left to school.
👉 Hardly had he eaten rice when he left to school.
👉 Not long had he eaten rice when he left to school.
👉 Not only had he eaten rice but he left also to school.
3 ) John couldn't play football because he hadn't learned his lessons.
👉 As John hadn't learned his lessons, he could not play football.
4) Paul doesn't come at school and he plays football.
👉 Instead of coming at school,Paul plays football.
5 ) Luna is poor but she is generous.
👉 Despite / in spite of the fact that Lunia is poor, she is generous.
👉 Despite / in spite of her poverty, she is generous.
👉 Despite / in spite of her being poor, she is generous.
6 ) They liked speak English.
👉 Never did they like speak English.
7) Loïs will not vote anywhere tomorrow.
👉 Nowhere will Loïs vote tomorow.
🔥 Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions. Merci
beaucoup pour la compréhension 🙏🤗🙏
Les expressions similaires de Wish.
👉 Il faut reconnaître que les expressions similaires de Wish et Wish ont la même règle ( same
ruler ) .
Les expressions similaires de Wish que nous avons en anglais sont :
If only , If suppose , As thought ; Would to God ; It is a pity ; It is pityful ; What a pity ; What a
shame ; I am sorry ; Gosh ; Thanks God ; I regret ; Oh ; No ! ...etc.
Exemple :
1 ) Koffi gave the passeport yesterday.
👉 It's a pity, koffi hadn't given the passeport yesterday.
👉 I wish Koffi hadn't given the passeport yesterday .
2) Inès will not come next week.
👉 I wish Inès would come next week.
👉 If only Inès would come next week.
Remarque : On constate que :
💥 Les expressions similaires de Wish et Wish ont la même règle.
💥 De plus si la phrase est à la forme affirmative, elle devient négative.
💥 De plus si la phrase est à la forme négative, elle devient affirmative.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire des exercices d'application sur la notion de Wish
étudiée .
Exercices d'application sur la notion de Wish :
1) They shouldn't have informed mum.
👉 I wish...........
2) Angelina didn't have a money to buy this nice villa and now she is sorry.
👉 We wish.........
3) what a shame, they kidnapped the children.
👉 People wish.......
4) I am sorry , he steals my money.
👉 I wish.............
5) It is a pityful that he is absent.
👉 I wish..........
6) I regret he insulted his parents.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Exemple :
Active Voice : John sent me a packet.
Passive Voice 1 : I was sent a packet by John.
Passive Voice 2 : A packet was sent to me by john.
Remarque :
👉 Le premier complément que j'ai utilisé est " Me " . Le " Me " doit forcément se transformer
en " I " .
👉 Le deuxième Complément que j'ai utilisé est " A packet " . To doit forcément apparaître dans
la phrase à cause de ce complément.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Exercices d'application :
1) People send us a money.
👉 We ......................
👉 A money ........................
2) Grandfather will tell us funny story.
👉 We...................
👉 Funny story............
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Passive Voice .
🔥 5 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Be going to + Verb .
Règle à utiliser :
👉 Complement + am/ is / are + going + to + be + PP ( Participe passé du verbe 2 ) + by + Sujet.
Exemple :
Active Voice : Mum is going to cook Amiwô.
Passive Voice : 👉 Amiwô is going to be cooked by Mum.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
BAC 2022 OU RIEN
🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏
Les structures les plus utilisés en Anglais !!!
1- had better + bv
2- So as to + bv
3- To use to + bv
4- Let's + bv
5- Let's + bv + and + bv
6- Why not + bv
7- I don't wont + full infinitif ( to + bv )
8- Ask/decide + full infinitif
9- what/ how about + bv + ing
10- To be used to + bv + ing
11- Avoid + bv + ing
12- Would you mind + bv + ing
13- Insist on + bv+ ing
14- Insted of + bv + ing
15- I don't feel like + bv + ing
16- To apprologize for + bv + ing
17- I can't help + bv + ing
18- About, from,at,of,on,for, After, before,by,in, etc... + Ing.
18- Hope / Can hardly wait / be impatient / expect --------------------> look forward to + ing
21- So that + clause ( subject + verb + object )
22- If only + simple past
Nb: s'il y a dans la phrase un mot clé du passé , on conjugue le verbe qui suit " if only " au Past
Perfect ( Had + Past participle ).
23- Not only .................... ....but also
24- Both................ ...and
25- Either.............. .......or
26- Whether ...............or
27- Neither............. .....nor
28- No soonner..........tha n
29- Hardly hard/scarely/ Not long..............when
30- After/ when + subject 1 + Past perfect ------------> subject 2 + simple past.
Exercice d'application sur la 5 ème règle de Passive Voice :
1) John is going to repair the radio.
👉 The radio..........................
2) Paul is going to beat disobedient girls.
👉 Disobedient girls.............................
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 5 ème
règle de Passive Voice étudiée.
👇 Suivez bien la correction, je vous en prie 🙏🤗🙏.
1) John is going to repair the radio.
👉 The radio is going to be repaired by John.
2) Paul is going to beat disobedient girls.
👉 Disobedient girls are going to be beaten by Paul.
Nb :
🔥 Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose w veuillez nous poser des questions.
🔥 Les candidats qui ont besoin de cette 5 ème règle de Passive Voice peuvent m'écrire en
Inbox pour l'avoir 🤗😊👍.
Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Passive Voice.
6 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Yes or No question in Passive Voice
Règle à utiliser :
👉 To Be ( au temps du verbe ) + Complement + Pp ( Participe passé du verbe ) + ?
Exemple 1 :
Active Voice : Do you learn the lessons ?
Passive Voice :
👉 Are the lessons learnt ?
Exemple 2 :
Active Voice : Did you play football yesterday ?
Passive Voice :
👉 Was football played yesterday ?
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
2) Do the parents phone him ?
👉 ............
Voici la correction de l'exercice :
2) Do the parents phone him ?
👉 Is he phoned by the parents ?
Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Passive Voice.
🔥 7 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Asking Question in Passive Voice.
Les expressions que nous utilisons souvent pour poser des questions en anglais sont appelées
Asking Question ou Wh - Question. Il s'agit de :
Why, Where, Who, Which, When, Whom, Whose, How long, What, ...etc.
Règle à utiliser :
👉 Asking Question + To Be ( au temps du verbe ) + Complement PP ( Participe passé du
verbe )+ by + ?
Exemple :
AV : Who will drive the bus ?
PV1 : Who will the bus be driven by ?
PV 2 : By whom will the bus be driven ?
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire un exercice d'application sur la 7 ème règle de
Passive Voice étudiée :
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Exemple :
Active Voice : John sent me a packet.
Passive Voice 1 : I was sent a packet by John.
Passive Voice 2 : A packet was sent to me by john.
Remarque :
👉 Le premier complément que j'ai utilisé est " Me " . Le " Me " doit forcément se transformer
en " I " .
👉 Le deuxième Complément que j'ai utilisé est " A packet " . To doit forcément apparaître dans
la phrase à cause de ce complément.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Exercices d'application :
1) People send us a money.
👉 We ......................
👉 A money ........................
2) Grandfather will tell us funny story.
👉 We...................
👉 Funny story............
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Passive Voice .
🔥 5 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Be going to + Verb .
Règle à utiliser :
👉 Complement + am/ is / are + going + to + be + PP ( Participe passé du verbe 2 ) + by + Sujet.
Exemple :
Active Voice : Mum is going to cook Amiwô.
Passive Voice : 👉 Amiwô is going to be cooked by Mum.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
BAC 2022 OU RIEN
🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏🙏
Les structures les plus utilisés en Anglais !!!
1- had better + bv
2- So as to + bv
3- To use to + bv
4- Let's + bv
5- Let's + bv + and + bv
6- Why not + bv
7- I don't wont + full infinitif ( to + bv )
8- Ask/decide + full infinitif
9- what/ how about + bv + ing
10- To be used to + bv + ing
11- Avoid + bv + ing
12- Would you mind + bv + ing
13- Insist on + bv+ ing
14- Insted of + bv + ing
15- I don't feel like + bv + ing
16- To apprologize for + bv + ing
17- I can't help + bv + ing
18- About, from,at,of,on,for, After, before,by,in, etc... + Ing.
18- Hope / Can hardly wait / be impatient / expect --------------------> look forward to + ing
21- So that + clause ( subject + verb + object )
22- If only + simple past
Nb: s'il y a dans la phrase un mot clé du passé , on conjugue le verbe qui suit " if only " au Past
Perfect ( Had + Past participle ).
23- Not only .................... ....but also
24- Both................ ...and
25- Either.............. .......or
26- Whether ...............or
27- Neither............. .....nor
28- No soonner..........tha n
29- Hardly hard/scarely/ Not long..............when
30- After/ when + subject 1 + Past perfect ------------> subject 2 + simple past.
Exercice d'application sur la 5 ème règle de Passive Voice :
1) John is going to repair the radio.
👉 The radio..........................
2) Paul is going to beat disobedient girls.
👉 Disobedient girls.............................
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 5 ème
règle de Passive Voice étudiée.
👇 Suivez bien la correction, je vous en prie 🙏🤗🙏.
1) John is going to repair the radio.
👉 The radio is going to be repaired by John.
2) Paul is going to beat disobedient girls.
👉 Disobedient girls are going to be beaten by Paul.
Nb :
🔥 Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose w veuillez nous poser des questions.
🔥 Les candidats qui ont besoin de cette 5 ème règle de Passive Voice peuvent m'écrire en
Inbox pour l'avoir 🤗😊👍.
Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Passive Voice.
6 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Yes or No question in Passive Voice
Règle à utiliser :
👉 To Be ( au temps du verbe ) + Complement + Pp ( Participe passé du verbe ) + ?
Exemple 1 :
Active Voice : Do you learn the lessons ?
Passive Voice :
👉 Are the lessons learnt ?
Exemple 2 :
Active Voice : Did you play football yesterday ?
Passive Voice :
👉 Was football played yesterday ?
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
2) Do the parents phone him ?
👉 ............
Voici la correction de l'exercice :
2) Do the parents phone him ?
👉 Is he phoned by the parents ?
Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Passive Voice.
🔥 7 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Asking Question in Passive Voice.
Les expressions que nous utilisons souvent pour poser des questions en anglais sont appelées
Asking Question ou Wh - Question. Il s'agit de :
Why, Where, Who, Which, When, Whom, Whose, How long, What, ...etc.
Règle à utiliser :
👉 Asking Question + To Be ( au temps du verbe ) + Complement PP ( Participe passé du
verbe )+ by + ?
Exemple :
AV : Who will drive the bus ?
PV1 : Who will the bus be driven by ?
PV 2 : By whom will the bus be driven ?
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire un exercice d'application sur la 7 ème règle de
Passive Voice étudiée :
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 1) What killed the dog ?
👉 ......................
2) Where did he buy the car ?
👉 ........................
Correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 7 ème règle de Passive Voice étudiée :
1) What killed the dog ?
👉 What was the dog killed ?
2) Where did he buy the car ?
👉 Where was the car bought ?
Nous allons continuer avec la notion de Passive Voice .
🔥 8 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Reflexive in Passive Voice ( Les pronoms réflexives dans la
notion de Passive Voice ) .
Règle de Active Voice :
👉 Subject 1 + make / let + Subject 2 + Verb + Complement .
Exemple :
Peter makes his wife beat him.
Règle de Passive Voice :
👉 Subject 1 + make / let + Reflexive pronouns + be + Pp ( Participe passé du verbe ).
Exemple :
Peter makes himself be beaten by his wife.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'épreuve d'anglais du CEG Le
Méridien . Nous allons faire la partie rephrasing seulement.
Item 5 : TLe AB et CD
1 ) Sanusi Dantana was named on of the wealthiest men in Kano a long time ago.
👉 It is a long time since Sanusi Dantana named on of the wealthiest men in Kano.
2) I wish Dangote's father had helped his son to settle his own business.
👉 It is a pity Dangote's father had not helped his son to settle his own business.
3) Dangote graduated from Al - Azhar University and then started his business automatically.
👉 No sooner had Dangote graduated from Al - Azhar University than he started his business
automatically.
4) Nobody imports and sells agricultural commodities apart from Dangote.
👉 Agricultural commodities are not imported and are not solt apart from Dangote.
5) Dangote is very wealthy.
👉 How very wealthy Dangote is !
Remarque :
🔥 Nous avons constaté que la plupart de ces notions sont déjà étudiées ici sauf la notion de la
phrase 5 ( Exclamatory sentences ) .
Nb :
🔥 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions. Merci
beaucoup pour la compréhension 😊🤗🙏🤗🙏😘🤛🤜👍
Nb :
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec la notion de Passive Voice .
🔥 8 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Reflexive in Passive Voice ( Les pronoms réflexives dans la
notion de Passive Voice ) .
Règle de Active Voice :
👉 Subject 1 + make / let + Subject 2 + Verb + Complement .
Exemple :
Peter makes his wife beat him.
Règle de Passive Voice :
👉 Subject 1 + make / let + Reflexive pronouns + be + Pp ( Participe passé du verbe ).
Exemple :
Peter makes himself be beaten by his wife.
Remarque :
🔥 Il faut reconnaître que dans ce cas de Passive Voice ( Reflexive Passive ), il doit y avoir
forcément le verbe To make ou le verbe To let dans la phrase active. Nous avons aussi
également un pronom possessif comme ( me, him , her, our, your, their, mine...etc ). Ces
pronoms possessifs se transforme en pronoms Réflexives dans la phrase Passive ( Passive
Voice ) .
Quelques exemples de transformation de pronoms possessifs en pronoms Réflexives :
Me ----- Myself
Him ------- Himself
Your / Yours ----- Yourself / Yourselves
Our / Ours -------- Ourself / Ourselves
Them ------- Themselves
👇 Suivez aussi bien l'exemple 2 :
Active Voice :
I let Jack bother me.
Passive Voice :
👉 I let myself be bothered by Jack.
💥 9 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Passive Gerund ( being + Participe passé du verbe )
Exemple :
Active Voice :
I don't mind helping the prisoner .
Passive Voice :
👉 I don't mind the prisoner being helped.
10 ème Cas de Passive Voice : Let in Passive Voice .
Exemple :
Active Voice :
They let me go out last night.
Passive Voice :
👉 I was let go out last night.
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions. Merci
beaucoup pour la compréhension 😊😘🤜🤛👍 .
Bonsoir chers candidats . Nous allons faire des exercices sur les 8 ème, 9 ème et 10 ème règles
de Passive voice étudiées.
1) Bob made people laught at him.
👉 Bob.........................
2) He can't remember writing such a.
👉 He can't .....................
3 ) We let them insult us.
👉 We ....................
Nb :
🔥 S'ils vous plaît chers candidats, avant de faire ces exercices, il faut maîtriser les 8 ème, 9
ème et 10 ème règle de Passive Voice que nous avions fait hier. Merci beaucoup pour la
compréhension 😊🤗🙏🤗🙏🤜🤛
Bonsoir chers candidats, nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice sur les 8 ème, 9 ème et 10
ème règles de Passive Voice.
1) Bob made people laught at him.
👉 Bob made himself be laughted at.
2) He can't remember writing such a leter.
👉 He can't remember such a leter being written.
3) We let them insult us.
👉 They are let insult.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions 🤗🙏🤗🙏🤘
🤜🤛 .
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec la 11 ème règle de Passive Voice.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 👇 Suivez bien ce cas. C'est un Cas très
particulier. Il peut venir à l'examen ainsi que tous les autres Cas de Passive Voice étudié.
🔥 11 ème règle de Passive Voice : Impersonal Passive
👉 Les verbes qu'on voit souvent dans la phrase dans ce cas de Passive Voice sont : Say, Think
,Offer , Believe , Estimate , Assert , Know , Declare , Confirm , Consider , Claim , Report , Feel ,
Find , Assume , Understand , Presume , Acknowledge , ...etc.
👉 La présence de l'un de ces verbes dans une phrase , montre que nous sommes dans le cas
du Passive Voice impersonnel ( Impersonal Passive ) .
💥 Processus :
Dans ce cas, nous avons deux possibilités de Passive Voice .
Exemple :
Active Voice :
People declare that Jack is lazy.
Dans cette phrase, nous avons deux propositions. La proposition principale et la proposition
subordonnée.
La proposition principale de cette phrase est :
People declare
La première subordonnée de cette phrase est :
That Jack is lazy.
🔥 Notez bien : La 1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice est basée sur la proposition principale.
Règle de la 1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 It + Auxiliaire To Be ( au temps du verbe 1 ) + PP ( Participe passé du verbe 1 ) + ....... + by
+ Subject 1.
Exemple sur cette première possibilité de Passive Voice :
Active Voice :
People declare that Jack is lazy.
1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 It is declared that Jack is lazy.
Remarque :
On ne peut pas ajouter by People parce que People est un sujet vague ou indéfini.
Règle de la 2 ème possibilité :
💥 Notez bien : La deuxième possibilités est basée sur la proposition subordonnée.
Nous utilisons la règle suivante :
👉 Subject 2 + Auxiliaire To Be ( au temps du verbe 1 ) + PP ( Participe passé du verbe 1 ) +
Full Infinitive ( Infinitif du verbe 2 ) + by + Subject 2.
Exemple sur la 2 ème possibilité de Passive Voice :
Active Voice :
People declare that Jack is lazy.
2 ème possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 Jack is declared to be lazy.
Remarque :
On ne peut pas ajouter by People car People est un sujet vague ou indéfini.
💥 Un autre Exemple :
Active Voice :
John say she is cooking.
1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 It is said she is cooking by John.
2 ème possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 She is said to be cooking b by John.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec la 11 ème règle de Passive Voice.
👇 Suivez bien ce cas. C'est un Cas très particulier. Il peut venir à l'examen ainsi que tous les
autres Cas de Passive Voice étudié.
🔥 11 ème règle de Passive Voice : Impersonal Passive
👉 Les verbes qu'on voit souvent dans la phrase dans ce cas de Passive Voice sont : Say, Think
,Offer , Believe , Estimate , Assert , Know , Declare , Confirm , Consider , Claim , Report , Feel ,
Find , Assume , Understand , Presume , Acknowledge , ...etc.
👉 La présence de l'un de ces verbes dans une phrase , montre que nous sommes dans le cas
du Passive Voice impersonnel ( Impersonal Passive ) .
💥 Processus :
Dans ce cas, nous avons deux possibilités de Passive Voice .
Exemple :
Active Voice :
People declare that Jack is lazy.
Dans cette phrase, nous avons deux propositions. La proposition principale et la proposition
subordonnée.
La proposition principale de cette phrase est :
People declare
La première subordonnée de cette phrase est :
That Jack is lazy.
🔥 Notez bien : La 1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice est basée sur la proposition principale.
Règle de la 1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 It + Auxiliaire To Be ( au temps du verbe 1 ) + PP ( Participe passé du verbe 1 ) + ....... + by
+ Subject 1.
Exemple sur cette première possibilité de Passive Voice :
Active Voice :
People declare that Jack is lazy.
1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 It is declared that Jack is lazy.
Remarque :
On ne peut pas ajouter by People parce que People est un sujet vague ou indéfini.
Règle de la 2 ème possibilité :
💥 Notez bien : La deuxième possibilités est basée sur la proposition subordonnée.
Nous utilisons la règle suivante :
👉 Subject 2 + Auxiliaire To Be ( au temps du verbe 1 ) + PP ( Participe passé du verbe 1 ) +
Full Infinitive ( Infinitif du verbe 2 ) + by + Subject 2.
Exemple sur la 2 ème possibilité de Passive Voice :
Active Voice :
People declare that Jack is lazy.
2 ème possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 Jack is declared to be lazy.
Remarque : On ne peut pas ajouter by People car People est un sujet vague ou indéfini.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Nous allons continuer avec la 11 ème règle de
Passive Voice.
🔥 11 ème règle de Passive Voice : Impersonal Passive
👉 Les verbes qu'on voit souvent dans la phrase dans ce cas de Passive Voice ( Impersonal
Passive ) sont : Say, Think , Believe , Estimate , Assert , Know , Declare , Confirm , Consider ,
Claim , Report ....etc.
💥 Processus :
Dans ce cas, nous avons deux possibilités de Passive Voice .
Exemple :
Active Voice :
People declare that Jack is lazy.
Dans cette phrase, nous avons deux propositions. La proposition principale et la proposition
subordonnée.
La proposition principale de cette phrase est :
People declare
La première subordonnée de cette phrase est :
That Jack is lazy.
🔥 Notez bien : La 1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice est basée sur la proposition principale.
Règle de la 1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 It + Auxiliaire To Be ( au temps du verbe 1 ) + PP ( Participe passé du verbe 1 ) + ....... + by
+ Subject 1.
Exemple sur cette première possibilité de Passive Voice :
Active Voice : People declare that Jack is lazy.
1 ère possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 It is declared that Jack is lazy.
Règle de la 2 ème possibilité :
💥 Notez bien : La deuxième possibilités est basée sur la proposition subordonnée.
Nous utilisons la règle suivante :
👉 Subject 2 + Auxiliaire To Be ( au temps du verbe 1 ) + PP ( Participe passé du verbe 1 ) +
Full Infinitive ( Infinitif du verbe 2 ) + by + Subject 2.
Exemple sur la 2 ème possibilité de Passive Voice :
Active Voice : People declare that Jack is lazy.
2 ème possibilité de Passive Voice :
👉 Jack is declared to be lazy.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire des exercices d'application sur la 11 ème règle de
Passive Voice étudiée .
1) Johnson repport the students steal the book.
👉 It is......................
👉 The students..............
2) People think that John was lazy.
👉 It is ........................
👉 John .....................
3) Bob knew that Karl lied yesterday.
👉 It was ......................
👉 Karl ......................
4) People asserted that Djagouda had stolen the money.
👉 It was......................
👉 Djagouda...................
Nb : C'est un exercice très important. Ça peut venir à l'examen.
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercices d'application sur la 11
ème règle de Passive Voice étudiée .
1) Johnson repport the students steal the book.
👉 It is repported by Johnson the students steal the book.
👉 The students are repported by Johnson to steal the book.
2) People think that John was lazy.
👉 It is thought that John was lazy.
👉 John is thought to have been lazy.
3) Bob knew that Karl lied yesterday.
👉 It was known by Bob that Karl lied yesterday.
👉 Karl was known by Bob to lie yesterday.
👉 Karl was known by Bob to have lied yesterday.
👉 Karl was known by Bob to be lied yesterday.
4) People asserted that Djagouda had stolen the money.
👉 It was asserted that Djagouda had stolen the money.
👉 Djagouda was asserted to have stolen the money.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les derniers Cas de Passive Voice .
12 ème Cas de Passive Voice : To make et To let in Passive Voice.
🔥 Règle de Active Voice :
👉 Subject 1 + make / let + Subject 2 + verb 2 + Objet.
Exemple :
Active Voice :
👉 I made the girls close the door.
👉 He lets me close the door.
🔥 Règle de Passive Voice :
👉 Subject 2 + Auxiliaire To Be ( au temps du verbe To make ou To let ) + made / let + Full
Infinitive of second verb [ l'infinitif du verbe 2 ( verbe avec To ) ] + by + Subject 1.
Exemple :
Active Voice :
John made the girls close the door.
Passive Voice :
👉 The girls were made to close the door by John.
Un autre exemple :
Active Voice :
Tom lets me close the door.
Passive Voice :
👉 I am let to close the
door by Tom.
💥 13 ème Cas de Passive Voice : To get and To have in Passive Voice .
🔥 Règle à utiliser pour To get in Passive Voice :
🤟Règle de To get in Active Voice :
👉 Subject 1 + get + Subject 2 + Full Infinitive ( Verbe 2 avec To ) + Objet.
Exemple :
Active Voice :
He gets them to repair the bus.
🤟Règle de To get in Passive Voice :
👉 Subject 1 + get + objet + PP of the verb 2 ( Participe passé du verbe 2 ) + by + Subject 2.
Exemple :
Active Voice :
Tom get John to repair the radio.
Passive Voice :
👉 Tom get the radio repaired by John.
13 ème Cas de Passive Voice : To get and To have in Passive Voice ( Suite et Fin ) .
💥 To have in Passive Voice.
🔥 Règle de Active Voice pour To have in Passive Voice :
👉 Subject 1 + have + Subject 2 + Verb 2 + Objet.
Exemple :
Active Voice :
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: We have the students clean the classroom.
💥 Règle de Passive Voice à utiliser pour To have in Passive Voice :
👉 Subject 1 + have + Objet + PP of the second verb ( Participe passé du verbe 2 ) + by +
Subject 2.
Exemple :
Active Voice :
We have the students clean the classroom.
Passive Voice :
👉 We have the classroom cleaned by the students.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions ☺😊🤗🤟👍.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire un exercice d'application sur la 12 ème et 13 ème
règle de Passive Voice étudiées ( To Have , To get , To let and To make in Passive Voice ).
1) I will get Sam to do the exercice.
👉 I ............................
2) Tom will make you work very soon.
👉 You ......................
3) Dad often has the apprentice wash the car.
👉 Dad......................
4) They let me go out last night.
👉 I ....................
Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 12 ème et 13 ème règles de
Passive Voice ( To have , To get , To let and To make in Passive Voice ).
1) I will get Sam to do the exercice.
👉 I get the exercice done by Sam.
2) Tom will make you work very soon.
👉 You will be made to work very soon by Tom.
3) Dad often has the apprentice wash the car.
👉 Dad often has the apprentice washed by the car.
4) They let me go out last night.
👉 I was let to go out.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons commencer la notion de Reported Speech.
💥Dans cette notion, il existe deux sortes de discours à savoir :
💥 Direct Speech ( Discours direct ) et Indirect Speech ( Discours Indirect ).
💥 Pour passer du discours direct ( Direct Speech ) au Discours Indirect ( Indirect Speech ) , on
fait des changements de pronoms personnels, pronoms réflexives , pronoms possessifs et des
adverbes.
Voici les changements à garder dans la tête :
👉 Changement entre pronoms personnels , pronoms réflexives et pronoms possessifs :
I ------- he /she
Me ------- him / her
My -------- his / her
Mine --------- his /hers
Myself -------- himself / herself
You ( Subject ) -------- i / he / she / we / they
You ( Objet ) --------- me / him / her / us / them
Your ---------- my / his / her / our / their
Yours -------- mine / his / hers / ours / theirs
Yourself ---------- myself / himself / herself
Yourselves ---------- ourselves / themselves
We ---------- we / they
Us ------- us / them
Our ------- our / their
Ours -------- ours / theirs
Ourselves --------- ourselves / themselves
Nous avons aussi d'autres changements à savoir :
Here ------ there
Now -------- then ( present action )
Now ------- At once ( orders )
Today ------ that day
To night ------- that night
Tomorrow ------- The following day / the day after
Tomorrow night ------ The following night
The day after tomorrow ------- In two days'time.
Next -------- The following / The next .
Yesterday ------- The day before / The previous days
Yesterday morning ------- The morning before / The previous morning
The days before yesterday ------- Two days before
Last ------ The previous
Ago -------- Before
This ----- That
These -------- Those
Yet ( Interrogative sentence ) --------- Already
Nous avons aussi des changements de temps dans la notion de Reported Speech ( Discours
direct et Discours Indirect ). Il s'agit de :
Simple present ---------- Simple past
Present perfect -------- Past perfect
Present continuons ---------- Past continuons
Present perfect continuons ------- Past perfect continuons
Shall ------- Should / Would
Will ------ Would
Can ------- Was / were able to / Could ( Past action )
Can -------- Would be able to / Could ( Future action )
May -------- Might
Must ------- Had to ( Present action )
Must ------ Would have to ( Future action )
Must ------- Must ( Permanent order )
Need not ------ didn't have
Future continuons ------ Conditional continuons
Simple past ------- Unchanged / Past perfect
Past perfect ------- Unchanged
Past perfect continuons ----- Unchanged
Past continuons ----- Unchanged / Past perfect
Imperative -------- Full Infinitive
Present Conditional ------- Past Conditional
If Clause type 1 ------- If Clause type 2
If Clause type 2 --------- Unchanged
If Clause type 3 ---------- Unchanged.
Nb : Il faut bien garder ça dans la tête. C'est très important pour la notion de Reported Speech.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons commencer les différents cas de Reported Speech.
Mais j'aimerais vous aider à comprendre quelque chose. Dans la notion de Reported Speech, il
existe deux phrases à savoir :
👉 La phrase introduictive .
👉 La phrase à reporter.
Voici un exemple :
" I am ill " . Tom says.
👉 La phrase introduictive est : Tom says.
👉 La phrase à reporter est : " I am ill ".
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 👉 She said that she would have to finish with
that exercice the following day.
💥 Remarque : on sait que dans le discours indirect :
must ---------- would have to ( Future action )
Tomorrow ------- the following day / the day after.
This ------ that .
3) " I will meet you tomorrow night here " . Bill told Rose.
👉 Bill told Rose he would meet her the following night there.
💥 Remarque : On sait que dans le discours indirect :
Will ----- Would
Tomorrow night ------ the following night
Here ------ There
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions ☺🤗😊🤟👍.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Reported Speech.
💥 3 ème cas de Reported Speech : Prohibition / Defense / Interdiction into Reported Speech.
( Prohibition, Défense et Interdiction dans la notion de Reported Speech.
Les verbes qu'on utilise dans ce cas de Reported Speech s'appellent en anglais Reporting Verbs
( Les verbes de la phrase à reporter ). Ces verbes sont : told , ordered, asked, suggested , forbad
...etc.
Attention ❗ : On utilise ces verbes dans plusieurs cas. C'est pas seulement dans ce cas de
Reported Speech.
🔥 Règle à utiliser :
👉 Subject + reporting verb + not / never + Full Infinitive ( Verbe avec To ) + Complément.
Exemple 1 :
Direct Speech :
" Don't sit on my bed ". he told her.
Indirect Speech :
👉 He told her not to sit on his bed.
Exemple 2 :
Direct Speech :
" Never be late again ". the prefect told Bob .
Indirect Speech :
👉 The prefect told Bob never to be late again.
Nb :
👉 Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
👉 Les exercices seront disponibles bientôt sur le 2 ème et 3 ème cas de Reported Speech
étudiés.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Reported Speech.
💥 2 ème Cas de Reported Speech : Imperative Sentences in Reported Speech .
Imperative Sentences in Reported Speech = Phrase impérative dans la notion du discours.
Les verbes qu'on utilise souvent dans ce cas de Reported Speech s'appelle en anglais
Reporting verb ( Les verbes de la phrase à reporter). Ces verbes sont : told , ordered, asked ,
suggested ...etc.
🔥 Règle de imperative Sentences in Reported Speech :
👉 Subject + reporting verb + Full Infinitive ( Verbe avec To ) + complément.
Exemple 1 :
Direct Speech :
" Open the door ". Paul said me.
Indirect Speech :
👉 Paul ordered me to open the door.
Exemple 2 :
Direct Speech :
" Phone me tomorrow " He asked her .
Indirect Speech :
👉 He asked her to phone him the following day.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose , veuillez nous poser des questions.
Nous allons faire un exercice d'application sur le 2 ème et 3 ème cas de Reported Speech.
Exercices : Turn into Indirect Speech.
1 ) " Don't forget to come tomorrow. " I said Jane.
👉 I said Jane..................
2) " Close the door. " John's father told.
👉 John's father told ............
3) " Never use my towel again." He forbad me .
👉 He forbad me.............
4) " Phone me tomorrow." He asked her.
👉 He asked her........
Correction de l'exercice d'application sur le 2 ème et 3 ème cas de Reported Speech.
1 ) " Don't forget to come tomorrow. " I said Jane.
👉 I said Jane not to forget to come the following day.
2) " Close the door. " John's father told.
👉 John's father told to close the door.
3) " Never use my towel again." He forbad me .
👉 He forbad me to use his towel again.
4) " Phone me tomorrow." He asked her.
👉 He asked her to phone him the day after.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions 😊🤟😘☺😘
👍
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Explication en français :
" N'utilises pas mon bic " Tom m'interdit.
👉 Tom m'interdit d'utiliser son bic.
Nb :
On ne peut pas dire :
👉 Tom m'interdit de ne pas utiliser son bic.
❌ Donc ne faites jamais cette erreur.
Retenez simplement que avec les verbes To forbid et To prohibite , on enlève la négation de la
phrase.
Il faut remarquer que les verbes " To forbid et" To prohibite " ont marqué la différence. Ces
verbes expriment une interdiction.
Exemple :
" Don't close the door" Tom forbad / prohibited me
👉 Tom forbad me to close the door.
On ne peut pas dire :
👉 Tom forbad me not to close the door.
Remarque : Donc la présence des verbes" To forbid et To prohibite" entraîne la suppression de
not dans la la phrase à reporter.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Reported Speech.
🔥 4 ème Cas de Reported Speech : Deux ou plusieurs phrases dans la phrase à reporter.
Ce cas de Reported Speech est un cas très particulier. Ça peut venir à l'examen ainsi que tout
les autres cas de Reported Speech.
💥 Règle à utiliser dans le cas où il y a deux ou plusieurs phrases dans la phrase à reporter.
👉 Après avoir écrit that, on écrit d'abord la première phrase et puis on ajoute " and added /
adding " et puis on écrit les phrases qui suivent sans oublier de faire les changements de
temps,des pronoms personnels, pronoms réflexives, pronoms possessifs et des adverbes.
Exemple :
Direct Speech :
" I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday. " Bill said .
Indirect Speecht :
👉 Bill said that he would try to be on time and added he was sorry. He had forgoten to come
the day before.
Nb :
😊 : and added / adding = et ajoutait que....
🔥 5 ème règle de Reported Speech : L'utilisation de " I am sorry " dans la notion de Reported
Speech.
💥 Règle à utiliser :
Avec I am sorry nous pouvons utiliser comme verbe introduictif :
Apologized for + Gerund
Exemple :
Direct Speech :
" I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday. " Bill said.
👉 Bill said that he would try to be on time that day and apologized for having forgoten the day
before.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire un exercice d'application sur la 4 ème règle de
Reported Speech étudiée.
1) " Don't run so fast . I am sorry. I can't catch you. " Rose told Jack.
👉 Rose told Jack...........
....
2) " We must learn ours lessons. We must succeed in ours exam." The students said .
👉 The students said ....................
3) " I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday." Ariana told.
👉 Ariana told............
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 4 ème
règle de Reported Speech étudiée.
1) " Don't run so fast . I am sorry. I can't catch you. " Rose told Jack.
👉 Rose told Jack not to run so fast and added she was sorry. She couldn't catch him.
2) " We must learn ours lessons. We must succeed in ours exam." The students said .
👉 The students said they had to learn theirs lessons and addind they had to succeed in theirs
exam.
3) " I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday." Ariana told.
👉 Ariana told she would try to be on time and added she was sorry. She had forgoten to come
the day before.
Nb :
👉 and added/adding = et ajoutait que
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions 😊🤟🤗👍☺
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 4 ème
règle de Reported Speech étudiée.
1) " Don't run so fast . I am sorry. I can't catch you. " Rose told Jack.
👉 Rose told Jack not to run so fast and added she was sorry. She couldn't catch him.
2) " We must learn ours lessons. We must succeed in ours exam." The students said .
👉 The students said they had to learn theirs lessons and addind they had to succeed in theirs
exam.
3) " I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday." Ariana told.
👉 Ariana told she would try to be on time and added she was sorry. She had forgoten to come
the day before.
Nb :
👉 and added/adding = et ajoutait que
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions 😊🤟🤗👍☺
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire un exercice d'application sur la 4 ème règle de
Reported Speech étudiée.
1) " Don't run so fast . I am sorry. I can't catch you. " Rose told Jack.
👉 Rose told Jack...........
....
2) " We must learn ours lessons. We must succeed in ours exam." The students said .
👉 The students said ....................
3) " I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday." Ariana told.
👉 Ariana told............
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire la
correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 4 ème règle de Reported Speech étudiée.
1) " Don't run so fast . I am sorry. I can't catch you. " Rose told Jack.
👉 Rose told Jack not to run so fast and added she was sorry. She couldn't catch him.
2) " We must learn ours lessons. We must succeed in ours exam." The students said .
👉 The students said they had to learn theirs lessons and addind they had to succeed in theirs
exam.
3) " I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday." Ariana told.
👉 Ariana told she would try to be on time and added she was sorry. She had forgoten to come
the day before.
Nb :
👉 and added/adding = et ajoutait que
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions 😊🤟🤗👍☺
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 4 ème
règle de Reported Speech étudiée.
1) " Don't run so fast . I am sorry. I can't catch you. " Rose told Jack.
👉 Rose told Jack not to run so fast and added she was sorry. She couldn't catch him.
2) " We must learn ours lessons. We must succeed in ours exam." The students said .
👉 The students said they had to learn theirs lessons and addind they had to succeed in theirs
exam.
3) " I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday." Ariana told.
👉 Ariana told she would try to be on time and added she was sorry. She had forgoten to come
the day before.
Nb :
👉 and added/adding = et ajoutait que
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions 😊🤟🤗👍☺
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire un exercice d'application sur la 4 ème règle de
Reported Speech étudiée.
1) " Don't run so fast . I am sorry. I can't catch you. " Rose told Jack.
👉 Rose told Jack...........
....
2) " We must learn ours lessons. We must succeed in ours exam." The students said .
👉 The students said ....................
3) " I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday." Ariana told.
👉 Ariana told............
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire la
correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 4 ème règle de Reported Speech étudiée.
1) " Don't run so fast . I am sorry. I can't catch you. " Rose told Jack.
👉 Rose told Jack not to run so fast and added she was sorry. She couldn't catch him.
2) " We must learn ours lessons. We must succeed in ours exam." The students said .
👉 The students said they had to learn theirs lessons and addind they had to succeed in theirs
exam.
3) " I shall try to be on time. I am sorry. I forgot to come yesterday." Ariana told.
👉 Ariana told she would try to be on time and added she was sorry. She had forgoten to come
the day before.
Nb :
👉 and added/adding = et ajoutait que
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions 😊🤟🤗👍☺
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Reported Speech.
🔥 6 ème Cas de Reported Speech : Let's / Let us / Him in dans la notion de Reported Speech.
💥 Règle à utiliser :
👉 Avec Let's / let us / him nous utilisons comme Reporting Verbs " Suggested " .
👉 Subject ( de la phrase introduictive ) + Suggested + that Subject ( de la phrase à reporter ) +
should + verb / Gerund + complément .
Exemple :
Direct Speech :
" Let us know when you are moving to Parakou next week ". They told him.
Indirect Speech :
👉 They suggested that they should know when he was moving to Parakou the following week.
💥 7 ème Cas de Reported Speech : Yes or No Question in Reported Speech ( Oui ou Non dans
la notion de Reported Speech ).
🔥 Les verbes qu'on utilise souvent dans ce cas de Reported Speech :
Asked , Wondered , Inquired , Enquired , Wanted to know ...etc.
🔥 Ces verbes s'appellent " Reporting Verbs " .
💥 Règle à utiliser :
👉 Subject + Reporting Verb + If / whether + Subject + Verb ( verbe de la phrase à reporter ) +
Complément .
Exemple :
Direct Speech :
" Have you done my work yet ? " The teacher asked Jane .
Indirect Speech :
👉 The teacher asked Jane if she had already done her work .
Remarque :
👉 On sait que dans la notion de Reported Speech :
Yet devient already.
Present perfect devient past perfect.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions. N'ayez pas
🤗☺😊🤟👍
peur car votre réussite est en jeux
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Bonsoir chers chers candidats. Nous allons
continuer avec les différents cas de Reported Speech.
🔥 8 ème Cas de Reported Speech : Asking Question in Reported Speech.
En anglais, les expressions qu'on utilise pour poser des questions s'appellent Asking Question.
Ces expressions sont : What, When, Whom, Whose, Who, Which,Whom, Why, How, How long,
How often, How old ,How much , How many , How long ago ...etc.
💥 Règle à utiliser :
👉 Subject ( de la phrase introduictive ) + reporting Verb + Asking Question + Subject ( de la
phrase à reporter ) + Verb + Complement .
Exemple 1 :
Direct Speech :
" Where did you go last night with your friend ? " Tom asked us .
Indirect Speech :
👉 Tom asked us where we had gone the previous night our friend.
Exemple 2 :
Direct Speech :
" Who will help me ? " Jeanette wanted to know.
Indirect Speech :
👉 Jeanette wanted to know who would help her.
💥 9 ème Cas de Reported Speech : If Clause in Reported Speech ( La notion de If dans la
notion de Reported Speech ) .
🤟Règle à utiliser : On sait que dans la notion de Reported Speech on a :
If Clause type 1 ----------- If Clause 2
If Clause 2 ----------- Unchanged ( Pas de changement ) .
If Clause 3 ---------- ( Pas de changement ) .
Exemple 1 :
Direct Speech :
" If you don't associate with us , you will be in trouble." The students told us.
Indirect Speech :
👉 The students told us if we did not associate with them , we would be in trouble.
Exemple 2 :
Direct Speech :
" If you learnt very well English, you would go to Nigeria." The teacher said to Bill.
Indirect Speech :
👉 The teacher said to Bill if he learnt very well english, he would go to Nigeria.
Nb :
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
👉 Les exercices seront disponibles tout à l'heure sur ces Cas de Reported Speech.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire un exercice d'application sur la 8 ème et 9 ème règle
de Reported Speech étudiées .
1) " Where did you go last night with your wife ? " They asked me.
👉 They asked me...............
2) " If you don't plant your own trees, you will suffer again " Tom told Rose.
👉 Tom told Rose.................
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur la 8 ème
et 9 ème règle de Reported Speech étudiées .
1) " Where did you go last night with your wife ? " They asked me.
👉 They asked me where i had gone the previous night with my wife.
2) " If you don't plant your own trees, you will suffer again " Tom told Rose.
👉 Tom told Rose if she didn't plant her own trees, she would suffer again.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Reported Speech :
🔥10 ème règle de Reported Speech : Reporting exclamation ou Exclamatory sentences in
Reported Speech ( Les phrases exclamatives dans la notion de Reported Speech ).
Les verbes ( Reporting Verbs ) que nous utilisons sdans ce cas de Reported Speech sont :
exclaimed , remarqued , wishpered , murmured , thanked , congratulated , welcomed , greeted ,
sighed , wished ...etc.
Exemples 1
Direct Speech :
" What a beautiful house it is ! " Eddy said .
Indirect Speech 1:
👉 Eddy exclaimed that it was a beautiful house.
Indirect Speech 2 :
👉 Eddy exclaimed what a beautiful housse it was.
Remarque :
👉 On constate que si " what " vient, that ne doit plus venir.
👉 N'oubliez pas de faire les changements de pronoms personnels, pronoms réflexives,
pronoms possessifs et des adverbes et des temps aussi.
Exemple 2 :
Direct Speech :
" How silly the boy is ! " Jane pointed out.
Indirect Speech :
👉 Jane pointed out the boy was silly.
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Exercices d'application sur Exclamatory
sentences in Reported Speech et l'utilisation de advised dans la notion de Reported Speech.
1) " What an interesting film we saw yesterday night ! " They said .
👉 They said ....................
2) " You had better wait here until it is 7 . " He told me.
👉 He advised me ....................
3) " How Intelligent this little boy is ! " The teacher said .
👉 The teacher said...............
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur
Exclamatory sentences in Reported Speech et l'utilisation de advised dans la notion de Reported
Speech.
1) " What an interesting film we saw yesterday night ! " They said .
👉 They remarked that they had seen an interesting films the previous night.
2) " You had better wait here until it is 7 . " He told me.
👉 He advised me to wait there until it was 7.
3) " How Intelligent this little boy is ! " The teacher said .
👉 The teacher exclaimed ( that ) that little boy was intelligent.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec les différents cas de Reported Speech.
🔥 11 ème Cas de Reported Speech : L'utilisation de " advised " dans la notion de Reported
Speech.
💥 Règle à utiliser :
👉 Avec " had better " , nous utilisons " advised " comme reporting verb ( verbe de la phrase à
reporter ).
👉 Subject ( de la phrase introduictive ) + reporting verb ( advised ) + Subject ( sujet de la
phrase à reporter ) + Full Infinitive ( On écrit le verbe de la phrase à reporter avec To ) +
Complement.
Exemple :
Direct Speech :
" You had better learn the lessons . " The teacher told Bob
Indirect Speech :
The teacher advised Bob to learn his lessons.
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous avons terminé la notion de Reported Speech. Maintenant nous
allons commencer la notion de : If Clause and Omissions of If ( Omission Si ) .
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Traduction : If = Si
🔥 Les règles de If :
If a plusieurs règles. Nous avons :
💥 1 ère règle de If :
👉 If + Subject 1 + Verb 1( Simple present ) + ... ----------- Subject 2 + Verb 2 ( Simple future ) +
.........
Exemple 1 :
👉 If you learn your lessons, you will succeed.
Exemple 2 :
👉 If John doesn't speak english very well, he will not go to Nigeria.
💥 2 ème règle de If :
👉 If + Subject 1 + Verb 1 ( Simple past ) + ... ------------- Subject 2 + Verb 2 ( Conditionnel present )
+ ......
Exemple 1 :
👉 If they knew , they would come at school.
Exemple 2 :
👉 If she didn't plant her own trees, she would suffer again.
💥 3 ème règle de If :
👉 If + Subject 1 + Verb 1 ( Past perfect ) + ... ------------ Subject 2 + Verb 2 ( Conditionnel perfect )
+ ......
Exemple 1 :
👉 If you had stoped the car, the police would not have punished you.
Exemple 2 :
👉 If they had not accociated with us, they would have been in trouble.
🔥 Maintenant nous allons étudier les règles qu'on utilise pour faire rephrasing avec If :
👉 Si le verbe 1 est conjugué au présent et le verbe 2 est est conjugué au Future , on utilise If
Clause type 2 dans ce cas et si les verbes 1 et 2 sont à la forme affirmative, on met les verbes à
la forme négative . De même si les verbes 1 et 2 sont à la forme négative, on met les verbes à
la forme affirmative. De même si le verbe 1 est conjugué à la forme affirmative et le verbe 2 est
à la forme négative, alors le verbe 1 doit être conjugué à la forme négative et le verbe 2 à la
forme affirmative. Ainsi de suite.
Exemple :
1) Sam doesn't work well, he will not pass in exam.
👉 If Sam worked well , he would pass in exam.
2) People don't pratice love so wars will always previal.
👉 If people praticed love, wars would not always previal.
❗
Attention : Si le verbe 1 n'est pas au présent et le verbe 2 n'est pas au future, nous utilisons la
règle suivante :
👉 Dans ce cas, nous utilisons la règle de If Clause type 3 et si les verbes 1 et 2 sont à la forme
affirmative, on met les verbes à la forme négative . De même si les verbes 1 et 2 sont à la
forme négative, on met les verbes à la forme affirmative. De même si le verbe 1 est conjugué à
la forme affirmative et le verbe 2 est à la forme négative, alors le verbe 1 doit être conjugué à la
forme négative et le verbe 2 à la forme affirmative. Ainsi de suite.
Exemple :
1) They didn't observe the recommandations to prevent thé spread of the infection so many
people died.
👉 If they had observed the recommandations to prevent the spread of the infection , many
people would not have died.
2) Alice was sick so she couldn't come tomorrow.
👉 If Alice had not been sick, she would have come tomorrow.
Nb :
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 👉Pour maîtriser la notion de If , il faut
apprendre correctement ses règles.
👉 If faut connaître la formation des temps.
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire un exercice d'application sur la notion de If étudiée :
1) If you come , we ( To visit ) John.
4) The disaster destroyed the houses ; so the victimes became homeless.
👉 If ..............
2) If Mandala ( not To fight ) against apartheid , he would not be a president.
5) John will not come today because he is sick.
👉 If ..............
3) If Hutus and Tutsus had known , they ( To love ) one another.
6) Many people didn't know that making money in business is difficult , they started it at all.
👉 If............
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur la notion
de If étudiée :
1) If you come , we ( To visit ) John.
Réponse :
👉 Will visit
4) The disaster destroyed the houses ; so the victimes became homeless.
👉 If the disaster had not destroyed the houses , the victimes would not have become homeless.
2) If Mandala ( not To fight ) against apartheid , he would not be a president.
Réponse :
👉 Did not fight
5) John will not come today because he is sick.
👉 If John were not sick, he would come today.
3) If Hutus and Tutsus had known , they ( To love ) one another.
Réponse :
👉 Would have loved .
6) Many people didn't know that making money in business is difficult , they started it at all.
👉 If Many people had known that making money in business is difficult , they would not have
started it at all.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec la notion de If Clause. Nous allons étudier
Omissions de If.
🤟Omissions de If : Les structures que nous utilisons souvent dans la notion d'Omissions de If
sont :
Unless , Otherwise , Provided / Providing that , On Conditional that , Were , Had et Did .
Omissions de If veut dire remplacement de If.
🔥Structure 1 : Did ( Faisais / Faisait )
💥 Règle de Did dans la notion d'Omissions de If :
👉 On remplace If par Did dans une phrase ( dans le cas d'omission de If ) .
👉 Did permet aussi la suppression du simple past dans une phrase.
👉 Did + Subject 1 + Base verbe 1 + ..... + Subject 2 + Verb 2 +......
Exemple 1 :
If she planted her own trees, she would not suffer again.
👉 Did she plant her own trees, she would not suffer again.
Exemple 2 :
If Baké exerciced a lot of, she would be in shape.
👉 Did Baké exercice a lot of, she would be in shape.
🔥 Structure 2 : Were ( étais / était )
💥 Règle de Were dans la notion d'Omissions de If :
👉 On remplace If par Were dans la notion d'Omissions de If.
Exemple :
If i were you, i would come.
👉 Were i you , i would come.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 🔥 Structure 3 : Had ( Avais / Avait )
💥 Règle de Had dans la notion d'Omissions de If :
👉 On remplace If par had dans la notion d'Omissions de If.
👉 Had permet la conservation du PP ( participe passé du verbe ) .
👉 Had + Subject 1 + Pp ( participe passé du verbe 1 ) + ....... + Subject 2 + Verb 2 + ..........
Exemple 1 :
If it had rained, the farmers would have cultivated their lands.
👉 Had it rained , the farmers would have cultivated their lands.
Exemple 2 :
If you had stoped the car, the police would not have arrested you.
👉 Had you stoped the car, the police would not have arrested you.
Nb :
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions .
👉 Nous allons faire les autres notions d'omission de If tout à l'heure.
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons continuer avec la notion d'Omissions de If .
🔥 Structure 4 : Unless ( À moins que )
💥 Règle de Unless dans la notion d'Omissions de If :
🤘Unless ( À moins que ) = If + not ( Si + non ) . Unless exprime la négation. Donc après Unless,
le verbe qui suit est toujours conjugué à la forme affirmative.
On sait que Unless ( À moins que ) a 04 règle en général.
Il s'agit de :
♥ 1 ère règle de Unless :
👉 If + S1 + V1 ( Affirmative forme ) + ..... + S2 + V2 ( Affirmative forme ) ---------- Unless + S1 +
V1 ( Affirmative forme ) + .... + S2 + V2 ( Négative forme ) + .....
Exemple :
If you learn your lessons, you will succeed.
👉 Unless you learn your lessons, you will not succed.
♥ 2 ème règle de Unless :
👉 If + S1 + V1 ( Négative forme ) +... + S2 + V2 ( Négative forme ) + ---------- Unless + S1 + V1
( Affirmative forme ) + ... + S2 + V2 ( Négative forme ) + ......
Exemple :
If it does not rain , farmers will not cultivate their lands.
👉 Unless it rain, farmers will not cultivate their lands.
♥ 3 ème règle de Unless :
👉 If + S1 + V1 ( Affirmative forme ) + .... + S2 + V2 ( Négative forme ) ------------ Unless + S1 +
V1 ( Affirmative forme ) +... + S2 + V2 ( Affirmative forme ) +....
Exemple :
If people pratice love, wars will not previal.
👉 Unless people pratice love, wars will previal.
♥ 4 ème règle de Unless :
👉 If + S1 + V1 ( Négative forme ) + ... S2 + V2 ( Affirmative forme ) -------- Unless + S1 + V1
( Affirmative forme ) +... + S2 + V2 ( Affirmative forme ) + ....
Exemple :
If Sam doesn't work well, he will pass his exam.
👉 Unless Sam works well, he will pass his exam.
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Nous allons continuer avec la notion d'Omissions de If :
🔥 Structure 5 : Otherwise / If .... not ( Si non )
💥 Règle de otherwise :
👉 Si Otherwise vient, If doit forcément partir .
👉 Otherwise provoque la suppression de not dans une phrase et parfois l'apparition de not
dans une phrase.
👉 Nous avons aussi :
S1 + must + base Infinitif du verbe 1 ( on écrit le verbe 1 sans To ) + .... + otherwise / If ... not +
S2 + V2 + ........
👉 Nous avons aussi cette règle :
S1 + had better + base Infinitif du verbe 1 ( Verbe 1 sans To ) + ..... + Otherwise / If ... not + S2 +
V2 + ......
Exemple 1 :
If you don't change your mentality, there will not have peace in the World.
👉 You must change your mentality otherwise there will not have a peace in the World.
👉 You had better change your mentality otherwise you will not have a peace in the World.
Remarque :
😘 J'avais dit que Otherwise provoque la suppression de Not dans une phrase et parfois
l'apparition de not dans une phrase.
Exemple 2 :
If they learn theirs lessons, they will succeed.
👉 They must learn theirs lessons otherwise they will not succeed.
👉 They had better learn theirs lessons otherwise they will not succeed.
Remarque :
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 4) After Claude had finished his work, he played
football .
👉 As soon as Claude finishes his work, he will play football.
👉 When Claude finished his work, he had played football.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonsoir chers candidats. Nous allons commencer la notion de : Ago, For et Since ( Relation
entre Ago, For et since ) .
🔥 Structure 1 : Ago ( Passé ) .
Ago est un key word du simple past. Donc la présence de Ago ( Passé ) dans une phrase
montre qu'il faut conjuguer le verbe qui est dans la phrase au Simple past .
💥 Règle de Ago :
👉 Subject + Verb ( Simple past ) + duration + ago .
Exemple :
👉 John faced such a bad situation two years ago.
🤟Remarque :
Sujet = John
Verbe = faced ( Simple past )
Duration = Two years
Notion étudiée = Ago .
🔥 Structure 2 : Since ( Depuis ) .
Since est un key word du present perfect. Avec since, il faut conjuguer le verbe de la phrase au
present perfect. Mais ici, nous pouvons aussi conjuguer le verbe au simple past. C'est la règle
qui l'exige.
💥 Règle de Since :
It is + duration + since + Subject + verb ( Simple past / Present perfect ) + ........
Exemple :
👉 It is a long time since Tom visited Porga.
Nous avons aussi cette possibilité :
👉 It is a long time since Tom has visited Porga.
🔥 Structure 3: For ( Pour )
For est un key word du present perfect. Donc avec For , il faut conjuguer le verbe de la phrase au
present perfect ( mais à la forme négative ) .
💥 Règle de For :
👉 Subject + Verb ( au present perfect à la forme négative ) + for + duration .
Exemple :
👉 Tom has not visited Porga for a long time.
🔥 Maintenant, nous allons étudier les relations qui existent entre Ago, For et Since.
💢 1 ère relation : Relation entre Ago et Since .
Black Americans experienced such a violent rejection centuries ago.
👉 It is centuries since Black Americans experienced / have experienced such a violent.
🤟Remarque : On constate que la présence de " It is " montre que c'est Since que nous allons
utiliser pour faire le rephrasing. Or avec Since , on conjugue le verbe de la phrase au Simple past
ou Present perfect.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 💢 2 ème relation : Relation entre For et Ago.
They have not gone out for three days.
👉 They went out three days ago.
🤟Remarque : On constate qu'ils ont mis le sujet qui est dans la phrase au début. Donc nous
allons utiliser Ago pour faire le rephrasing. Or Ago est un key word du simple past. On doit
forcément conjuguer le verbe au simple past.
💢 3 ème Relation : Relation entre For et Since.
Indians have not changed their belief for centuries.
👉 It is centuries since Indians have changed their belief.
Nous avons aussi cette possibilité :
👉 It is centuries since Indians changed their belief.
🤟Remarque : La présence de " It is " montre déjà que nous allons utiliser Since pour faire le
rephrasing. Or avec Since, il faut conjuguer le verbe au simple past ou Present perfect.
💢 4 ème Relation : Relation entre Ago, For et Since.
Phrase :
Jane ate rice two days ago.
👉 It is two days since jane has eaten / ate rice.
👉 Jane has not eaten rice for two days.
Nb : Si Vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
👉 Nous allons commencer la notion de Had better et Would rather tout à l'heure.
Nous avons fini d'étudier les notions : Ago , For et Since.
🔥 Maintenant, nous allons étudier les notions : Had better et Would rather .
🔥 Structure 1: Had better ( Tu ferais mieux de )
💥 1 ère Règle de Had better :
On utilise cette règle lorsqu'il y a un seul sujet dans la phrase. On écrit le verbe qui suit Had
better sans To ( Base Infinitive ) .Voici la règle :
👉 Subject + had better + Base Infinitive ( On écrit le Verbe sans To ) + .....
Exemple :
John had better ( To stay ) in his old house.
Réponse :
👉 John had better stay in his old house.
💥 2 ème Règle de Had better :
On utilise cette règle lorsque nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le présent ou le futur.
Dans ce cas, on est en présence de deux sujets et on conjugue le Verbe au Simple past . Voici
la règle :
👉 Subject 1 + had better + .... + Subject 2 + Verb ( Simple past ) [ Si nous sommes dans un
contexte où il y a le présent ou le futur ] .
Exemple :
I had better father ( To buy ) me another bag tomorrow.
Réponse :
👉 I had better father bought me another bag tomorrow.
🤟Remarque : La présence du key word tomorrow montre que nous sommes dans un contexte
où il y a le futur. Donc , nous devons conjuguer le verbe au simple past.
🔥 Structure 2 : Would rather ( Tu préférerais ) .
💥 1 ère Règle de Would rather :
On utilise cette règle lorsqu'il y a un seul sujet dans la phrase. On écrit le verbe qui suit Would
rather sans To ( Base Infinitive ) .Voici la règle :
👉 Subject + would rather + Base Infinitive ( On écrit le Verbe sans To ) + .....
Exemple :
John would rather ( To eat ) pounded yams.
Réponse :
👉 John would rather eat pounded yams.
💥 2 ème Règle de Would rather :
On utilise cette règle lorsque nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le passé. Dans ce cas, on
est en présence de deux sujets et on conjugue le Verbe au Past perfect . Voici la règle :
👉 Subject 1 + would rather + .... + Subject 2 + Verb ( Past perfect ) [ Si nous sommes dans un
contexte où il y a le passé ] .
Exemple :
Inès would rather Tom ( To send ) her money yesterday.
Réponse :
👉 Inès would rather Tom had sent her money yesterday.
🤟Remarque : La présence du key word yesterday montre que nous sommes dans un contexte
où il y a le passé. C'est pourquoi j'ai conjuguer le verbe au Past perfect.
🔥 L'utilisation de Had better et Would rather en Rephrasing :
💥 Pour faire un rephrasing avec Had better ou avec Would rather , il faut utiliser les règles que
j'ai donné .
💥 De plus si le verbe est à la forme affirmative, il devient négative mais si le verbe est à la
forme négative, il devient affirmative.
💥 Mais s'il y a un seul sujet dans la phrase, on ne change jamais la forme de la phrase.
Exemple :
1) Paul didn't accept Assiba in her team.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 🔥 Structure 3 : As soon as ( Dès que / Aussitôt
que ) .
💥 Règle de As soon as :
👉 As soon as + Subject 1 + Verb 1 ( Simple present ) + .... + Subject 2 + Verb 2 ( Simple future )
+ ....
Exemple :
John obtained his share and rushed out at once.
👉 As soon as John obtaines his share, he will rushe out at once.
Nb :
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
👉 Les exercices seront disponibles bientôt sur les notions : As , Because ,. So , As soon as ,
After , Before et When.
Exercices d'application sur les notions : As , Because , So, As soon as, After , Before et When.
1) John will not come today because he is sick.
👉 ........... so ..........
👉 ........... as a result ..........
2) Jane didn't speak english so she was angry.
👉 As .................
👉 ............... because ...........
3) The police arrested the opposition leader and he tortured him.
👉 When .....................
👉 Before ...................
4) Tom eats rice and he left school.
👉 After .............
👉 As soon as...........
2 ème exercice d'application sur les notions : Before, When After , As soon as .
1) The protestor crossed the red line and the police arrested them.
👉 After ...............
2) After Tom dramaged his brother's car , he run away .
👉 Before ...... .....
👉 When.........
3) Before Baké went out,she had done her exercises.
👉 After ...........
👉 As soon as ......
4) After Claude had finished his work, he played football .
👉 As soon as.........
👉 When.........
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire la correction de l'exercice d'application sur les
notions : As , Because , So, As soon as, After , Before et When.
1) John will not come today because he is sick.
👉 John is sick so he will not come today.
👉 John is sick as a result he will not come today .
2) Jane didn't speak english so she was angry.
👉 As Jane didn't speak english, she was angry.
👉 Jane was angry because she didn't speak english.
3) The police arrested the opposition leader and he tortured him.
👉 When the police arrested the opposition leader, he had tortured him.
👉 Before the police arrested the opposition leader, he had tortured him.
4) Tom eats rice and he left school.
👉 After Tom had eaten rice, he left school.
👉 As soon as Tom eats rice, he will leave school.
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Correction de l'exercice d'application n° 2 ème sur les notions : Before, When After , As soon as .
1) The protestor crossed the red line and the police arrested them.
👉 After the protestor had crossed the red line, the police arrested them.
2) After Tom dramaged his brother's car , he run away .
👉 Before Tom dramaged his brother's car, he had run away.
👉 When Tom dramaged his brother's car,he had run away.
3) Before Baké went out,she had done her exercises.
👉 After Baké had done her exercises, she went out.
👉 As soon as Baké does her exercises, she will go out.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 🔥 Structure 3 : Full Infinitive ( Verbe avec To ) .
🤟Les verbes qui nous permettent d'utiliser Full Infinitive sont :
👉 To force , To advise , To order , To stop , To ask , To want , To allow ,To oblige , To choose
,To refuse , To demand , To remember etc ...
Exemple :
I will remember ( To post ) the letter before coming .
Réponse :
👉 To post
Remarque : La présence de l'expression " remember " nous a permis d'utiliser Full Infinitive
( Verbe avec To ) .
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
🔥 Structure 2 : Base Infinitive ( Verbe sans To ) .
🤟Les notions que nous utilisons dans la notion de Base Infinitive sont :
👉 Would rather , Had better , Why not , Why don't you , But , Except , made , need not / needn't ,
should , would , must , can , could etc...
Exemple :
Bob did nothing except ( To play ) all the time.
Réponse :
👉 play
Remarque : La présence de l'expression " except " nous a permis d'utiliser Base Infinitive ( Verbe
sans To ) .
🔥 Structure 3 : Full Infinitive ( Verbe avec To ) .
🤟Les verbes qui nous permettent d'utiliser Full Infinitive sont :
👉 To force , To advise , To order , To stop , To ask , To want , To allow ,To oblige , To choose
,To refuse , To demand , To remember etc ...
Exemple :
I will remember ( To post ) the letter before coming .
Réponse :
👉 To post
Remarque : La présence de l'expression " remember " nous a permis d'utiliser Full Infinitive
( Verbe avec To ) .
🔥 Structure 3 : Remember ( Rappeler )
💥 1 ère règle de Remember :
👉 Subject + remember + Gerund ( Verb + ing ) [ Si nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le
passé ] .
Exemple : I remember stealing mum's money when i was a child .
Remarque : La présence de " When " montre que nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le
passé. C'est pourquoi j'ai mis le verbe qui suit" remember " au gérondif ( remember + steal + ing
) .
💥 2 ème règle de Remember :
👉 Subject + remember + Full Infinitive ( Verbe avec To ) [ Si nous sommes dans un contexte où
il y a le futur ) .
Exemple : I must remember to write to my darling next week.
Remarque : La présence du key Word " next week " montre que nous sommes dans un contexte
où il y a le futur. C'est pourquoi le verbe qui suit remember est mis au Full Infinitive ( remember
+ to write ) .
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
🔥 Structure 2 : Base Infinitive ( Verbe sans To ) .
🤟Les notions que nous utilisons dans la notion de Base Infinitive sont :
👉 Would rather , Had better , Why not , Why don't you , But , Except , made , need not / needn't ,
should , would , must , can , could etc...
Exemple :
Bob did nothing except ( To play ) all the time.
Réponse :
👉 play
Remarque : La présence de l'expression " except " nous a permis d'utiliser Base Infinitive ( Verbe
sans To ) .
🔥 Structure 3 : Full Infinitive ( Verbe avec To ) .
🤟Les verbes qui nous permettent d'utiliser Full Infinitive sont :
👉 To force , To advise , To order , To stop , To ask , To want , To allow ,To oblige , To choose
,To refuse , To demand , To remember etc ...
Exemple :
I will remember ( To post ) the letter before coming .
Réponse :
👉 To post
Remarque : La présence de l'expression " remember " nous a permis d'utiliser Full Infinitive
( Verbe avec To ) .
🔥 Structure 4 : Remember ( Rappeler )
💥 1 ère règle de Remember :
👉 Subject + remember + Gerund ( Verb + ing ) [ Si nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le
passé ] .
Exemple : I remember stealing mum's money when i was a child .
Remarque : La présence de " When " montre que nous sommes dans un contexte où il y a le
passé. C'est pourquoi j'ai mis le verbe qui suit" remember " au gérondif ( remember + steal + ing
) .
💥 2 ème règle de Remember :
👉 Subject + remember + Full Infinitive ( Verbe avec To ) [ Si nous sommes dans un contexte où
il y a le futur ) .
Exemple : I must remember to write to my darling next week.
Remarque : La présence du key Word " next week " montre que nous sommes dans un contexte
où il y a le futur. C'est pourquoi le verbe qui suit remember est mis au Full Infinitive ( remember
+ to write ) .
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
Bonjour chers candidats. Nous allons faire des exercices d'application sur les notions étudiées
hier : Gérondif , Full Infinitive, Base Infinitive et Remember .
🔥 Exercices d'application sur Gérondif et Full Infinitive
1) Before ( To eat ) you must wash your hands .
2) She wants ( To visit ) us.
5) You must fight against racial discrimination.
👉 How about ..............?
👉 What about ...............?
👉 Let's .................
3) WE fell like ( To go ) swimming.
4) We advised her ( To go ) to bed .
6) They ask me ( not To go ) there.
7) They are looking forward to ( To see ) me .
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 🔥 Exercices d'application sur les notions : Base
Infinitive et Remember .
1) You can do everything except ( To open ) this door .
2) Tom remember ( To steal ) mum's money when he were a child.
3) She said nothing but ( cry ) all the time.
4) I must remember ( To write ) to my darling next week.
5) I would rather ( To go ) to the concert .
6) The police will remember ( To post ) the letter before coming.
7) I need ( To eat ) vitamins .
🔥 Correction de l'exercice d'application sur les notions : Base Infinitive et Remember :
1) You can do everything except ( To open ) this door .
Réponse :
👉 Open
2) Tom remember ( To steal ) mum's money when he were a child.
Réponse :
👉 Stealing
3) She said nothing but ( cry ) all the time.
Réponse :
👉 Cry
4) I must remember ( To write ) to my darling next week.
Réponse :
👉 To write
5) I would rather ( To go ) to the concert .
Réponse :
👉 Go
6) The police will remember ( To post ) the letter before coming.
Réponse :
👉 To post
7) I need ( To eat ) vitamins .
Réponse :
👉 eat .
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
👉 Le corrigé type de la partie rephrasing de l'épreuve d'anglais du BEPC sera disponible bientôt.
👉 Nous allons commencer la notion de Asking Question aujourd'hui .
J🔥 Correction de l'exercice d'application sur Gérondif et Full Infinitive :
1) Before ( To eat ) you must wash your hands .
Réponse :
👉 eating
2) She wants ( To visit ) us.
Réponse :
👉 To visit
5) You must fight against racial discrimination.
👉 How about fighting against racial discrimination?
👉 What about fighting against racial discrimination?
👉 Let's fight against racial discrimination.
3) WE fell like ( To go ) swimming.
Réponse :
👉 going
4) We advised her ( To go ) to bed .
Réponse :
👉 To go
6) They ask me ( not To go ) there.
Réponse :
👉 Not to go
7) They are looking forward to ( To see ) me .
Réponse :
👉 Seeing
Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
🔥 Correction de l'épreuve d'anglais du BEPC ( Partie Rephrasing ) :
Item 4 :
1) The heavy rains have caused the floods.
👉 The floods have been caused by the heavy rains.
2) " More than two million people are affected " The reporters said.
👉 The reporters said that more than two million people were afected .
3) People should not destroy the coastline .
👉 People had better not destroy the coastline.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Nb : Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose,
veuillez nous poser des questions.
🤟Les notions qui sont venues à l'examen du BEPC sont :
👉 Passive Voice
👉 Reported Speech
👉 Had better
😅 Concernant l'examen de BAC, la probabilité est forte que Passive Voice , Reported Speech
viennent à l'examen 😅😊 ainsi que toutes les autres notions.
Exercices d'application sur les notions étudiées dans le groupe :
1) John is so intelligent but he is always the bottom of his class.
👉 Although / Though ............
👉 Despite / In spite of ........
👉 ........as...........
2) Karim got a loan from the bank and he started building his house.
👉 No sooner ...................
👉 Hardly ...............
👉 Not long ............
👉 Not only ..........
Nb :
👉 Les exercices d'application que nous sommes entrain de faire sur toutes les notions
étudiées dans ce groupe peuvent venir dans la partie rephrasing au BAC 2k22.
👉 Not long et Hardly ont la même règle.
👉 Despite et In spite of ont aussi la même règle ( Trois règles en général ) .
Exercices d'application :
1) The victims didn't find any water to drink.
👉 International organisations wish.......
👉 If only .........
2) Tom finished the road constructions in time and the minister gave him another.
👉 If
👉 Had .........
👉 Did .......
3) The Fulani cattle died .
👉 I wish .......
🔥Correction de l'exercices d'application :
1) The victims didn't find any water to drink.
👉 International organisations wish the victims had found water to drink.
👉 If only the victims had found water to drink.
2) Tom finished the road constructions in time and the minister gave him another.
👉 If Tom had not finished the road constructions in time , the minister would not have given
him another.
👉 Had Tom finished the road constructions in time , the minister gave him another.
👉 Did Tom finish the road constructions in time , the minister gave him another.
3) The Fulani cattle died .
👉 I wish the Fulani cattle had not died
🔥 Correction de l'exercice d'application sur les notions étudiées dans le groupe :
1) John is so intelligent but he is always the bottom of his class.
👉 Although / Though John is so intelligent, he is the bottom of his class.
👉 Despite / In spite of the fact that John is so intelligent, he is the bottom of his class.
👉 Intelligent as John is, he is the bottom of his class.
2) Karim got a loan from the bank and he started building his house.
👉 No sooner had karim got a loan from the bank than he started building his house.
👉 Hardly had karim got a loan from the bank when he started building his house.
👉 Not long had karim got a loan from the bank when he started building his house.
👉 Not only did karim get a loan from the bank but he started also building his house.
Nb :
👉 Les exercices d'application que nous sommes entrain de faire sur toutes les notions
étudiées dans ce groupe peuvent venir dans la partie rephrasing au BAC 2k22.
👉 Not long et Hardly ont la même règle.
👉 Despite et In spite of ont aussi la même règle ( Trois règles en général ) .
Bonsoir chers bacheliers.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 🔥 Essai de correction de la partie rephrasing de
la série ( TLE A1 )
1) All evening classes were cancelled by the campus authorities .
👉 The campus authorities cancelled all evening classes.
2) " We must stop this cult trouble once and for all ! " said the constable .
👉 The constable said that they had to stop that cult trouble once and for all.
3) If Nnamabia hadn't been taken Enugu , the case would have been manageable.
👉 Hadn't Nnamabia been taken Enugu , the case would have been manageable.
4) It is a pity there is too much violence in this area.
👉 I wish there were not too much violence in this area.
Nb :
👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose, veuillez nous poser des questions.
👉 Le corrigé type de la partie rephrasing des autres séries ( A2 , B ,C ,D G1 et G2 ) sera
disponible bientôt.
🔥 Essai de correction de la partie rephrasing de la série B :
1)Women and children were given a lot of items by the NGO.
👉 The NGO gave a lot of items women and children.
2) "WE are sharing over 220 Scholl bags" she said .
👉 She said that they were sharing over 220 school bags.
3) I want other corporate organisations to wake up and support programmes like this.
👉 I wish other cooperate organisations woke-up and supported programmes like this.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: 👉 Si vous ne comprenez pas quelque chose,
veuillez nous poser des questions.
👉 Si vous avez trouvé des erreurs dans la correction, n'hésitez pas à corriger.
👉 On a constaté que les notions que nous avions étudié dans le groupe sont venues à
l'examen. C'est très bien 😊🤗😊.
👉 Bonne chance à tous les candidats aux différents examens. Je déclare dans le sang de
Jésus-Christ que votre réussite est déjà garantie. Vous êtes déclaré admissible au nom
puissant de Jésus-Christ Amen 🙏🙏🙏.
Exercices d'application sur quelques notions pour tester le niveau des élèves qui passent de la 1
ère ( Première ) en TLE ( Terminale ) .
1) You can't speak English, so your knowlege will be limited.
👉 If.......
👉 As .........
👉 ............. because...........
2) Jack doesn't finish his exercices and yet he watched TV.
👉 Instead of ............
👉 In spite of...........
👉 Despite .............
3) Tom will not come anywhere tomorrow.
👉 Nowhere ...........
4) Karim got a loan from the bank and he started building his house.
👉 Not only ..........
👉 No sooner .......
👉 Hardly.......
👉 Not long ........
🔥 Correction de l'exercice d'application sur quelques notions pour tester le niveau des élèves
qui passent de la 1 ère ( Première ) en TLE ( Terminale ) .
1) You can't speak English, so your knowlege will be limited.
👉 If you could speak English , your knowlege would not be limited.
👉 As you can't speak English, your knowlege will be limited.
👉 Your knowlege will be limited because you can't speak English.
2) Jack doesn't finish his exercices and yet he watched TV.
👉 Instead of finishing his exercices , Jack watched TV.
👉 In spite of the fact that Jack doesn't finish his exercices, he watched TV.
👉 Despite the fact that Jack doesn't finish his exercices, he watched TV.
3) Tom will not come anywhere tomorrow.
👉 Nowhere will Tom come tomorrow.
4) Karim got a loan from the bank and he started building his house.
👉 Not only did karim get a loan from the bank but he started also building his house.
👉 No sooner had karim got a loan from the bank than he started building his house.
👉 Hardly had karim got a loan from the bank when he started building his house.
👉 Not long had karim got a loan from the bank when he started building his house.
Nb :
👉Cet exercice consiste à tester le niveau des élèves qui passent de la 1 ère en Tle.
👉 Si les élèves qui passent de la 1 ère en Tle ne comprennent pas quelque chose, ils peuvent
me poser des questions.
Étude d'une nouvelle notion :
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES:
What a
What an
What
What a / an + adjective / adverb singular noun!
Exemples:
- What a beautiful girl!
- What a kind teacher!
- What an interesting language!
- What an intelligent boy!
NB: Employez “an” si l’adjectif commence par une voyelle comme dans le cas des adjectifs «
intelligent » et « interesting » dans les exemples ci-dessus.
Exception : Employez « a » si l’adverbe ou l’adjectif commence par la voyelle « u » prononcée «
you » dans le mot
Exemple:
What a universal language!
What a / an + adjective / adverb + singular noun + subject + verb!
Exemples:
- What a beautiful girl Rose is!
- What a kind teacher this man has been!
- What an interesting language English is!
- What an intelligent boy your brother was!
What + adjective / adverb + plural noun!
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Exemples:
- What beautiful girls!
- What kind teachers!
- What interesting languages!
- What intelligent boys!
What + adjective / adverb + plural noun + subject + verb!
Exemples:
- What beautiful girls they are!
- What kind teachers these men are!
- What interesting languages English and French are!
- What intelligent boys Roland and Alain are!
How
How + adjective / adverb (+ subject + verb) !
Exemples:
- How beautiful Rose is!
- How kind this man has been!
- How interesting these languages are!
- How easy the exam was!
- How sad!
So
Subject + verb + so + adjective / adverb!
Exemples:
- Rose is so beautiful!
- This man has been so kind!
- English and French are so interesting!
- The old man was walking so slowly!
Such a
Such an
Such
Subject + verb + such a / an + adjective / adverb + singular noun!
Exemples:
- Rose is such a beautiful girl!
- Kotopounga is such a nice village!
- English is such an interesting language!
- You did such a wonderful job!
Subject + verb + such + adjective / adverb + plural noun!
Exemples:
- They are such beautiful girls!
- Kotopounga and Takissari are such nice villages!
- Sotima and Kabirou are such kind people!
Consolidation activities:
Activity n°1: Fill in the gaps with the right answer in brackets:
1. …..wonderful!
(what a / how / so / such)
2. She is ….healthy!
(so / what / how)
3. ……a smart boy!
(what / how / such)
4. …..happy she is!
(how / so / such / what)
5. She is ….lovely mom.
(how/so/ such a/ what a)
Activity n°2: Rephrase these sentences using the prompts given to you. Do not change their
meaning.
1. These players are fast.
• How …!
2. That is a shocking report.
• What …!
• How …!
3. It was hot today.
• How …!
4. He is a very rude man.
• ….so…..!
• What …..!
• How ……!
• ….such ….!
5. She is an incredibly courageous woman.
• What …!
• How …!
6. The women in this village are so well-educated!
• How …!
• What …!
7. What an inspiring story!
• This story is …….
8. How powerful these computers are!
• What …………
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Answers:
Activity n°1: Filling in the gaps with the right answer:
1. How wonderful!
2. She is so healthy!
3. What a smart boy!
4. How happy she is!
5. She is such a lovely mom.
Activity n°2: Rephrasing:
1. How fast these players are!
2. What a shocking report!
How shocking that report is!
3. How hot it was today!
4. He is so rude!
👉 What a rude man (he is)!
👉 How rude he is!
👉 He is such a rude man!
5. She is an incredibly courageous woman.
👉 What an incredibly courageous woman (she is)!
👉 How incredibly courageous she is!
6. How well-educated the women in this village are!
👉 What well-educated women!
7. This story is so inspiring!
8. How powerful these computers are!
👉 What powerful computers!
Étude d'une nouvelle notion :
EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES:
What a
What an
What
What a / an + adjective / adverb singular noun!
Exemples:
- What a beautiful girl!
- What a kind teacher!
- What an interesting language!
- What an intelligent boy!
NB: Employez “an” si l’adjectif commence par une voyelle comme dans le cas des adjectifs «
intelligent » et « interesting » dans les exemples ci-dessus.
Exception : Employez « a » si l’adverbe ou l’adjectif commence par la voyelle « u » prononcée «
you » dans le mot
Exemple:
What a universal language!
What a / an + adjective / adverb + singular noun + subject + verb!
Exemples:
- What a beautiful girl Rose is!
- What a kind teacher this man has been!
- What an interesting language English is!
- What an intelligent boy your brother was!
What + adjective / adverb + plural noun!
Exemples:
- What beautiful girls!
- What kind teachers!
- What interesting languages!
- What intelligent boys!
What + adjective / adverb + plural noun + subject + verb!
Exemples:
- What beautiful girls they are!
- What kind teachers these men are!
- What interesting languages English and French are!
- What intelligent boys Roland and Alain are!
How
How + adjective / adverb (+ subject + verb) !
Exemples:
- How beautiful Rose is!
- How kind this man has been!
- How interesting these languages are!
- How easy the exam was!
- How sad!
So
Subject + verb + so + adjective / adverb!
Exemples:
- Rose is so beautiful!
- This man has been so kind!
- English and French are so interesting!
- The old man was walking so slowly!
Étude d'une nouvelle notion :
Exclamatory sentences ( Suite et Fin ) .
Such a
Such an
Such
Subject + verb + such a / an + adjective / adverb + singular noun!
Exemples:
- Rose is such a beautiful girl!
- Kotopounga is such a nice village!
- English is such an interesting language!
- You did such a wonderful job!
Subject + verb + such + adjective / adverb + plural noun!
Exemples:
- They are such beautiful girls!
- Kotopounga and Takissari are such nice villages!
- Sotima and Kabirou are such kind people!
Consolidation activities
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Activity n°1: Fill in the gaps with the right answer
in brackets:
1. …..wonderful!
(what a / how / so / such)
2. She is ….healthy!
(so / what / how)
3. ……a smart boy!
(what / how / such)
4. …..happy she is!
(how / so / such / what)
5. She is ….lovely mom.
(how/so/ such a/ what a)
Activity n°2: Rephrase these sentences using the prompts given to you. Do not change their
meaning.
1. These players are fast.
• How …!
2. That is a shocking report.
• What …!
• How …!
3. It was hot today.
• How …!
4. He is a very rude man.
• ….so…..!
• What …..!
• How ……!
• ….such ….!
5. She is an incredibly courageous woman.
• What …!
• How …!
6. The women in this village are so well-educated!
• How …!
• What …!
7. What an inspiring story!
• This story is …….
8. How powerful these computers are!
• What …………
Answers:
Activity n°1: Filling in the gaps with the right answer:
1. How wonderful!
2. She is so healthy!
3. What a smart boy!
4. How happy she is!
5. She is such a lovely mom.
Activity n°2: Rephrasing:
1. How fast these players are!
2. What a shocking report!
How shocking that report is!
3. How hot it was today!
4. He is so rude!
👉 What a rude man (he is)!
👉 How rude he is!
👉 He is such a rude man!
5. She is an incredibly courageous woman.
👉 What an incredibly courageous woman (she is)!
👉 How incredibly courageous she is!
6. How well-educated the women in this village are!
👉 What well-educated women!
7. This story is so inspiring!
8. How powerful these computers are!
👉 What powerful computers!
Étude d'une nouvelle notion :
Exclamatory sentences ( Suite et Fin ) .
Such a
Such an
Such
Subject + verb + such a / an + adjective / adverb + singular noun!
Exemples:
- Rose is such a beautiful girl!
- Kotopounga is such a nice village!
- English is such an interesting language!
- You did such a wonderful job!
Subject + verb + such + adjective / adverb + plural noun!
Exemples:
- They are such beautiful girls!
- Kotopounga and Takissari are such nice villages!
- Sotima and Kabirou are such kind people!
Consolidation activities:
Activity n°1: Fill in the gaps with the right answer in brackets:
1. …..wonderful!
(what a / how / so / such)
2. She is ….healthy!
(so / what / how)
3. ……a smart boy!
(what / how / such)
4. …..happy she is!
(how / so / such / what)
5. She is ….lovely mom.
(how/so/ such a/ what a)
Activity n°2: Rephrase these sentences using the prompts given to you. Do not change their
meaning.
1. These players are fast.
• How …!
2. That is a shocking report.
• What …!
• How …!
3. It was hot today.
• How …!
4. He is a very rude man.
• ….so…..!
• What …..!
• How ……!
• ….such ….!
5. She is an incredibly courageous woman.
• What …!
• How …!
6. The women in this village are so well-educated!
• How …!
• What …!
7. What an inspiring story!
• This story is …….
8. How powerful these computers are!
• What …………
Correction des exercices d'application sur la notion de : Exclamatory sentences.
Answers:
Activity n°1: Filling in the gaps with the right answer:
1. How wonderful!
2. She is so healthy!
3. What a smart boy!
4. How happy she is!
5. She is such a lovely mom.
Activity n°2: Rephrasing:
1. How fast these players are!
2. What a shocking report!
How shocking that report is!
3. How hot it was today!
4. He is so rude!
👉 What a rude man (he is)!
👉 How rude he is!
👉 He is such a rude man!
5. She is an incredibly courageous woman.
👉 What an incredibly courageous woman (she is)!
👉 How incredibly courageous she is!
6. How well-educated the women in this village are!
👉 What well-educated women!
7. This story is so inspiring!
8. How powerful these computers are!
👉 What powerful computers!
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Ce qui'il faut retenir sur la SA N° 1: THE WORLD'S
A FAMILY
Some causes of violence:
Intolerance of any kind (racial, religious, political, etc.)
Bad governance marked by corruption, nepotism
Mismanagement of natural resources
Dictatorship or autocracy
Fraudulent elections
Xenophobia
Hatred
Any type of discrimination
Enslavement of others
Violation of human rights
Considering others as less than human
Pride and prejudice
Any kind of abuse
Some consequences of violence:
Loss of human lives / massive killings
Looting private property
Damage of public infrastractures
Household disruption
Refugees
Poverty
Major injuries / disabilities
Underdevelopment
Any type of suffering and destruction
Solutions to live in peace:
respect the rights of each individual
love and respect each other
promote social justice and democracy
cultivate a spirit of forgiveness
promote dialogue
promote tolerance
be united
SYNONYMES
War / armed conflict
Peace / stability
Unrest / uprising / turmoil / violence
Unity / harmony / cohesion
Discrimination / stereotype
Segregation / separation / division
Poverty / misery
Famine / starvation / hunger
Tolerance / patience
To exterminate / to eliminate
To die / to pass away
To save / to rescue
To destroy / to damage / to ruin
ANTONYMES
Peace ≠ war
Tolerance ≠ intolerance
Unity ≠ division
Love ≠ hatred
Freedom ≠ slavery / dependence
Understanding ≠ misunderstanding
Violent ≠ nonviolent / peaceful
Life ≠ death
justice ≠ injustice
equality ≠ inequality
majority ≠ minority
master ≠ servant
denial ≠ recognition
agreement ≠ disagreement
Democracy ≠ autocracy
rejection ≠ acceptance.
Ce qu'il faut retenir sur la SA N°2: LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH
Lifestyle diseases are mostly non-communicable diseases such as:
high blood pressure
obesity / overweight
diabetes type 2
cancer
stroke
Causes of lifestyle diseases:
smoking too much
too much stress
unhealthy eating
lack of physical activity
substance abuse (alcohol and drugs)
To avoid lifestyle diseases, we should:
Adopt healthy diets
Take regular exercise
Avoid drinking too much alcohol
Avoid smoking tobacco or any other related substance
Avoid living under stress
Take enough sleep and rest.
Ce qu'il faut retenir sur la SA N°3: HELPING EACH OTHER
When should we help people?
We should help people when they are in difficult situations or in times of emergency.
Types of emergencies:
accident
major fires
natural disasters
war
epidemics and pandemics
terrorist attacks
famine
What can we give people to help them?
Money
Food
Accommodation
Camp beds
Blankets
Mosquito nets
Medicines
Potable water
Clothes
First aid treatment
Etc.
Some humanitarian organizations which work to assist people in times of emergency:
The red cross
The wolrd health organisation
The catholic relief service
Save our souls
The world food programme
Plan international
The world bank
The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund
Medecins sans frontières
Office of the Unted Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
United Nations Central Emergency Response Fund
United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
Etc
USEFUL VOCABULARY
To assist
To give assistance
To give relief
To receive relief
To save / to rescue
To protect
To donate
To raise fund
To carry out an investigation
To determine the causes
To prevent
To give a helping hand
To join hands
To struggle against
To fight
To combat
To stop
Solidarity
Positive change
Disabled people
A donor / donator
Victims
Casualties
Refugee
Poor people / the poor
Rich people / the rich
The needy
Disaster / calamity
Emergency / urgency
Difficult situation
Humanitarian organisation
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Syllabus: A list of topics, books, etc. that
students have to study in a particular school subject or a particular subject at university.
What is a graduate student?
A graduate student is the one with a bachelor’s degree (e.g. BA, BSc)
Fees / Scholarship / student loan
- Fees are the amount of money that students pay to go to a private school, university, etc.
- Scholarship : an amount of money paid by a school, university, etc. to a student who has a lot
of ability, but not much money.
- Student loan: the money that a student borrows from a bank while at university or college.
USEFUL VOCABULARY
Verbs
Attend
Learn
Learn by heart
Study
Prepare for an exam
Take an exam
Sit an exam
To do an exam
Pass an exam
To resit an exam
Do well
Do badly
Skip classes
Graduate
Secure a place
Acquire knowledge
Adjectives with prepositions
Good at = successful
Bad at = not successful
Be interested in = to want to do something or know about it
Be keen on = to like something very much
Bored with = not interested
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Démystifier le writing au Bac
Pub 02
✍✍✍
Les étapes pour bien préparer votre Writing:
1. Lire le contexte et les critères d'évaluation ou la tâche avant de lire le sujet. (Cela vous permet
d'avoir une idée par rapport au sujet sur lequel vous serez invité à écrire. Et parfois on vous dira
le type de texte que vous devez produire (une lettre, un discours, une argumentation, un texte
explicatif, un article de journal, etc.)
2. Lire la consigne et s'assurer d'avoir compris le libellé (le sujet) pour développer des idées en
harmonie avec le sujet.
NB. Si vous respectez le type du sujet et ses caractéristiques, vous aurez au moins 6 points sur
30.
Si vous développez des idées se rapportant au sujet, même si les phrases contiennent des
fautes, vous aurez également au moins 6 point sur 30.
3. Passer au brainstorming. Le brainstorming, consiste à lister au brouillon les idées qui nous
tombent à l'esprit et qui ont un rapport avec le sujet sur lequel nous sommes invité à écrire.
On ne doit pas écrire directement sur sa copie de composition sans cette étape car on risque
d'écrire en désordre ou de se répéter sur toute la ligne.
Faire le brainstorming est comme une femme qui va au marché et qui d'avance fait une liste de
condiments dont elle aura besoin pour sa sauce du soir. Lorsque cette liste est faite et qu'elle
achète ces condiments, il ne reste qu'à faire le mélange nécessaire pour qu'une bonne sauce
sorte de la marmite. Donc en faisant notre brainstorming, on a déjà des ingrédients pour
développer le sujet.
4. Après le brainstorming, on doit au brouillon, établir le format de notre type de texte.
S'il s'agit par exemple d'un texte argumentatif, quel sera le format ?
*une introduction
*un développement
*une conclusion
NB. L'introduction et la conclusion sont des paragraphes distincts. Le développement est
constitué aussi d'un paragraphe ou de plusieurs. Il ne faut donc jamais écrire tout en bloc.
S'il s'agit d'une lettre, vous devez établir au brouillon les différentes parties de la lettre et bien les
disposer.
S'il s'agit d'un talk ou discours, se rappeler comment le texte doit être présenté
Etc.
5. Commencer la rédaction de chaque partie au brouillon en exploitant les informations
données dans le libellé du sujet.
Les idées que vous avez collectées au niveau de votre brainstorming doivent être développées
avec des illustrations, des explications, des articulateurs logiques pour établir un lien cohérent
(logique) entre elles.
A suivre...
Prochain chapitre : Rédiger l'introduction d'une argumentation ou dissertation en anglais.
Sika Donatien MANTE, professeur d'anglais.
WhatsApp: 97234680
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Démystifer le writing au Bac
PUBLICATION N°06: REDIGER UN TEXTE EXPLICATIF EN ANGLAIS
Par Sika Donatien MANTE, prof d'anglais
Le texte explicatif explique une idée, un concept, des phénomènes, des évènements ou la
manière de fonctionner d’un objet. Il sert à expliquer, informer, faire comprendre, renseigner,
mettre les évidences les problèmes et les solutions, etc. Le sujet d’une telle rédaction est
souvent libellé comme suit :
- What is ……. ?
- What are the causes and consequences of …?
- How can we put an end to …?
Exemples de sujet:
1. After mentioning some causes of violence in the world, say what are its consequences and
suggest some ideas so as to make our world a true family where people can live in peace.
2. What should people do in order to maintain a good health and avoid cardiovascular diseases?
3. According to you, why do people whiten their skin? What can be the consequences of this
phenomenon?
4. What do you think people should do when they come across a victim of an accident on the
road?
5. When a region is stricken by a natural disaster, what should local people, government
authorities and organizations do to help the victims?
6. What is flood? What are its consequences? What should people do in order to minimise its
effects?
7. What can be done to help poor people when they are ill? Suggest solutions which can help to
fight against poverty.
8. Most successful people in the world didn’t achieve success by chance. They were able to
make it after some sacrifices. According to you, what attitudes should have a person who
dreams of a successful life?
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Démystifier le writing au Bac.
✍✍✍
Employez désormais ces expressions pour additionner des idées dans votre paragraphe :
First of all + première idée
Second, + deuxième idée
Third, + troisième idée
Last but not the least, + quatrième et dernière idée
NB. Les idées que vous additionnez se rapportent à l'idée directrice dans votre paragraphe.
Un exemple:
👇👇👇👇
There are many causes of violence in the world. First of all, violence results from any kind of
intolerance and discrimination. In fact some people think they are superior to others and
persecute the latter. That was the case in Rwanda between Tutsis and Hutus. An ethnic conflict
which caused a genocide in Rwanda in 1994. Second, conflict can be caused by political
instability. This happened in many countries where for political power, some political leaders
use the army against their peoples. They don't respect the rules of democracy, frustrate their
peoples who at times, decide to face the army, which causes massive killings and destructions.
Third, violence also stems from extremism. Extremists are many in this world. They never
accept anyone who shares values which are different from theirs. They think anyone who
disagrees with them must be killed. Extremists become terrorists and spread violence in the
world. Last but not the least, the lack of opportunities can lead a lot of young people to see in
violence, the only means to express themselves. Many of these people become armed robbers
or join groups of terrorists. They attack innocent people and kill them. They even kidnap young
girls and rape them. That happened in Nigeria with the Boko Haram.
Constatez dans ce paragraphe comment les idées ont été agencées par les articulateurs
logiques (first of all, second, third, last but not the least) pour énumérer les causes de la
violence (l'idée directrice). Notez aussi les exemples donnés pour illustrer ces idées.
Lorsque vous écrivez comme cela, vous charmez votre correcteur qui voit dabs votre production,
de la cohésion et de la cohérence. Il est séduit par votre style et n'aura pas d'autre choix que de
vous balancer la meilleure note.
Pour vous exercer, écrivez un paragraphe en commençant par cette idée :
To preserve peace in the world, we need to adopt various behaviours. First of all,......
Continuez le paragraphe. Laissez-moi vos productions en commentaire.
Sika Donatien MANTE, prof d'anglais
WhatsApp : 97234680
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Démystifier le writing au Bac.
Publication n8
✍ ✍ ✍✍ ✍
Rédiger le corps du devoir d’un texte explicatif en anglais
👨 🏫 Par Sika D. MANTE, prof d'anglais
Cette partie est composée d’un ou de plusieurs paragraphes selon les idées que vous
développez.
Considérant toujours notre premier sujet, nous aurons à développer trois idées :
The causes of violence
The consequences of violence
How to make our world a true family where people can live in peace
La première phrase de chaque paragraphe constitue l’idée générale du paragraphe. Développez
au moins trois idées se rapportant à cette dernière. Passez d’une idée à l’autre par une phrase
de transition.
Essayons de rédiger chaque paragraphe :
Paragraph 1:
The causes of violence are many. Frustration is the root cause. This usually results from any
kind of injustice or discrimination. In fact, when people lack social justice or feel discriminated
against or abused, they choose violence as a weapon to avenge themselves. Besides, violence
is developed through the exposure to violent media such as horror films. For instance, children’s
behaviors can quickly be dominated by what they watch in these films. Furthermore, violence
may be natural in some people. Such people have it in their nature. They are so wicked that they
have a tendency to see other people’s actions as hostile even when they are not. Whenever
violence manifests, it brings about any kind of suffering and destruction.
En lisant ce paragraphe, on peut facilement identifier l’idée générale et les idées qui la
développent.
The causes of violence are many. (Idée générale)
Frustration is the root cause. (idée 1)
In fact, when people lack social justice or feel discriminated against or abused, they choose
violence as a weapon to avenge themselves. (explication de l’idée 1)
Besides, violence is developed through the exposure to violent media such as horror films. (idée
2)
For instance, children’s behaviors can quickly be dominated by what they watch in these films.
(illustration de l’idée 2)
Furthermore, violence may be natural in some people. Such people have it in their nature. (idée 3)
They are so wicked that they have a tendency to see other people’s actions as hostile even
when they are not. (explicitation de l’idée 3)
Whenever violence manifests, it brings about any kind of suffering and destruction. (transition
vers les consequences de la violence)
Paragraph 2:
People face various types of consequences depending on the type of violence. In case of verbal
abuse such as acts of harassing, labeling, insulting, scolding, rebuking or excessive yelling
towards an individual, the consequences may include increased incidences of depression,
anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, suicide and
premature mortality. In case of physical assault such as pushing, kicking, punching, using a
weapon, the victim can be hurt, disabled or killed. Violence does no good. That’s why every
person ought to contribute to making this world a true family. How can this be achieved?
Notez un lien logique entre la phrase de transition et la première phrase du paragraphe 2, qui est
l’idée générale de ce paragraphe. En lisant cette phrase, on comprend aisément que les autres
phrases qui suivront, feront un exposé des conséquences de la violence selon le type de
violence. Ici on a pris le cas de deux types de violences. La première est verbale (verbal abuse).
On a donné des exemples de violence verbale (harassing, labeling, insulting, scolding, rebuking,
excessive yelling) et on a présenté leurs conséquences (incidence of depression, anxiety,
posttraumatic stress disorder, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, suicide, premature
mortality). Le deuxième type de violence est physique (physical assault). On a donné des
exemples (pushing, kicking, punching, using a weapon) et on également présenté quelques
conséquences de ce type de violence (hurt, disabled, killed). Les trois dernières phrases
(Violence does no good. That’s why every person ought to contribute to making this world a true
family. How can this be achieved?) sont une transition vers la troisième idée générale.
To make our world a true family where people can live in peace, each individual should firstly
promote tolerance. We should accept the diversity of views in this world. As Timothy Keller puts
it “Tolerance isn’t about having beliefs. It’s about how your beliefs lead you to treat people who
disagree with you.” Second, political leaders or officials ought to avoid abusing of their people
since this is likely to lead to frustration. Third, whatever our misunderstanding we should always
let dialogue prevail. Actually, communication is what makes it possible to listen and talk to one
another so as to solve interpersonal problems. Finally, whenever we are wrong, we should forget
our ego and be willing to apologize and reconcile to one another.
Dans ce paragraphe, nous avons également l’idée générale (To
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Démystifier le writing au Bac.
Publication n8
✍ ✍ ✍✍ ✍
Rédiger le corps du devoir d’un texte explicatif en anglais
👨 🏫 Par Sika D. MANTE, prof d'anglais
Cette partie est composée d’un ou de plusieurs paragraphes selon les idées que vous
développez.
Considérant toujours notre premier sujet, nous aurons à développer trois idées :
The causes of violence
The consequences of violence
How to make our world a true family where people can live in peace
La première phrase de chaque paragraphe constitue l’idée générale du paragraphe. Développez
au moins trois idées se rapportant à cette dernière. Passez d’une idée à l’autre par une phrase
de transition.
Essayons de rédiger chaque paragraphe :
Paragraph 1:
The causes of violence are many. Frustration is the root cause. This usually results from any
kind of injustice or discrimination. In fact, when people lack social justice or feel discriminated
against or abused, they choose violence as a weapon to avenge themselves. Besides, violence
is developed through the exposure to violent media such as horror films. For instance, children’s
behaviors can quickly be dominated by what they watch in these films. Furthermore, violence
may be natural in some people. Such people have it in their nature. They are so wicked that they
have a tendency to see other people’s actions as hostile even when they are not. Whenever
violence manifests, it brings about any kind of suffering and destruction.
En lisant ce paragraphe, on peut facilement identifier l’idée générale et les idées qui la
développent.
The causes of violence are many. (Idée générale)
Frustration is the root cause. (idée 1)
In fact, when people lack social justice or feel discriminated against or abused, they choose
violence as a weapon to avenge themselves. (explication de l’idée 1)
Besides, violence is developed through the exposure to violent media such as horror films. (idée
2)
For instance, children’s behaviors can quickly be dominated by what they watch in these films.
(illustration de l’idée 2)
Furthermore, violence may be natural in some people. Such people have it in their nature. (idée 3)
They are so wicked that they have a tendency to see other people’s actions as hostile even
when they are not. (explicitation de l’idée 3)
Whenever violence manifests, it brings about any kind of suffering and destruction. (transition
vers les consequences de la violence)
Paragraph 2:
People face various types of consequences depending on the type of violence. In case of verbal
abuse such as acts of harassing, labeling, insulting, scolding, rebuking or excessive yelling
towards an individual, the consequences may include increased incidences of depression,
anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, suicide and
premature mortality. In case of physical assault such as pushing, kicking, punching, using a
weapon, the victim can be hurt, disabled or killed. Violence does no good. That’s why every
person ought to contribute to making this world a true family. How can this be achieved?
Notez un lien logique entre la phrase de transition et la première phrase du paragraphe 2, qui est
l’idée générale de ce paragraphe. En lisant cette phrase, on comprend aisément que les autres
phrases qui suivront, feront un exposé des conséquences de la violence selon le type de
violence. Ici on a pris le cas de deux types de violences. La première est verbale (verbal abuse).
On a donné des exemples de violence verbale (harassing, labeling, insulting, scolding, rebuking,
excessive yelling) et on a présenté leurs conséquences (incidence of depression, anxiety,
posttraumatic stress disorder, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, suicide, premature
mortality). Le deuxième type de violence est physique (physical assault). On a donné des
exemples (pushing, kicking, punching, using a weapon) et on également présenté quelques
conséquences de ce type de violence (hurt, disabled, killed). Les trois dernières phrases
(Violence does no good. That’s why every person ought to contribute to making this world a true
family. How can this be achieved?) sont une transition vers la troisième idée générale.
To make our world a true family where people can live in peace, each individual should firstly
promote tolerance. We should accept the diversity of views in this world. As Timothy Keller puts
it “Tolerance isn’t about having beliefs. It’s about how your beliefs lead you to treat people who
disagree with you.” Second, political leaders or officials ought to avoid abusing of their people
since this is likely to lead to frustration. Third, whatever our misunderstanding we should always
let dialogue prevail. Actually, communication is what makes it possible to listen and talk to one
another so as to solve interpersonal problems. Finally, whenever we are wrong, we should forget
our ego and be willing to apologize and reconcile to one another.
Dans ce paragraphe, nous avons également l’idée générale (To
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Démystifier le writing au Bac.
Publication n8
✍ ✍ ✍✍ ✍
Rédiger le corps du devoir d’un texte explicatif en anglais
👨 🏫 Par Sika D. MANTE, prof d'anglais
Cette partie est composée d’un ou de plusieurs paragraphes selon les idées que vous
développez.
Considérant toujours notre premier sujet, nous aurons à développer trois idées :
The causes of violence
The consequences of violence
How to make our world a true family where people can live in peace
La première phrase de chaque paragraphe constitue l’idée générale du paragraphe. Développez
au moins trois idées se rapportant à cette dernière. Passez d’une idée à l’autre par une phrase
de transition.
Essayons de rédiger chaque paragraphe :
Paragraph 1:
The causes of violence are many. Frustration is the root cause. This usually results from any
kind of injustice or discrimination. In fact, when people lack social justice or feel discriminated
against or abused, they choose violence as a weapon to avenge themselves. Besides, violence
is developed through the exposure to violent media such as horror films. For instance, children’s
behaviors can quickly be dominated by what they watch in these films. Furthermore, violence
may be natural in some people. Such people have it in their nature. They are so wicked that they
have a tendency to see other people’s actions as hostile even when they are not. Whenever
violence manifests, it brings about any kind of suffering and destruction.
En lisant ce paragraphe, on peut facilement identifier l’idée générale et les idées qui la
développent.
The causes of violence are many. (Idée générale)
Frustration is the root cause. (idée 1)
In fact, when people lack social justice or feel discriminated against or abused, they choose
violence as a weapon to avenge themselves. (explication de l’idée 1)
Besides, violence is developed through the exposure to violent media such as horror films. (idée
2)
For instance, children’s behaviors can quickly be dominated by what they watch in these films.
(illustration de l’idée 2)
Furthermore, violence may be natural in some people. Such people have it in their nature. (idée 3)
They are so wicked that they have a tendency to see other people’s actions as hostile even
when they are not. (explicitation de l’idée 3)
Whenever violence manifests, it brings about any kind of suffering and destruction. (transition
vers les consequences de la violence)
Paragraph 2:
People face various types of consequences depending on the type of violence. In case of verbal
abuse such as acts of harassing, labeling, insulting, scolding, rebuking or excessive yelling
towards an individual, the consequences may include increased incidences of depression,
anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, suicide and
premature mortality. In case of physical assault such as pushing, kicking, punching, using a
weapon, the victim can be hurt, disabled or killed. Violence does no good. That’s why every
person ought to contribute to making this world a true family. How can this be achieved?
Notez un lien logique entre la phrase de transition et la première phrase du paragraphe 2, qui est
l’idée générale de ce paragraphe. En lisant cette phrase, on comprend aisément que les autres
phrases qui suivront, feront un exposé des conséquences de la violence selon le type de
violence. Ici on a pris le cas de deux types de violences. La première est verbale (verbal abuse).
On a donné des exemples de violence verbale (harassing, labeling, insulting, scolding, rebuking,
excessive yelling) et on a présenté leurs conséquences (incidence of depression, anxiety,
posttraumatic stress disorder, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, suicide, premature
mortality). Le deuxième type de violence est physique (physical assault). On a donné des
exemples (pushing, kicking, punching, using a weapon) et on également présenté quelques
conséquences de ce type de violence (hurt, disabled, killed). Les trois dernières phrases
(Violence does no good. That’s why every person ought to contribute to making this world a true
family. How can this be achieved?) sont une transition vers la troisième idée générale.
To make our world a true family where people can live in peace, each individual should firstly
promote tolerance. We should accept the diversity of views in this world. As Timothy Keller puts
it “Tolerance isn’t about having beliefs. It’s about how your beliefs lead you to treat people who
disagree with you.” Second, political leaders or officials ought to avoid abusing of their people
since this is likely to lead to frustration. Third, whatever our misunderstanding we should always
let dialogue prevail. Actually, communication is what makes it possible to listen and talk to one
another so as to solve interpersonal problems. Finally, whenever we are wrong, we should forget
our ego and be willing to apologize and reconcile to one another.
Dans ce paragraphe, nous avons également l’idée générale (To
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Démystifier le writing au Bac
✍ ✍ ✍✍ ✍
Publication N7
Rédiger l'introduction d'un texte explicatif en anglais
👨 🏫 Par Sika Donatien MANTE, prof d'anglais
✍ ✍ ✍✍ ✍ ✍ ✍ ✍✍
Vous pouvez commencer votre introduction par un constat général. Ensuite déboucher sur le
thème spécifique sur lequel porte le sujet. Enfin, dire ce que vous voulez faire de ce thème.
Eviter de longues phrases et être précis.
Essayons des cas pratiques.
Sujet 1:
After mentioning some causes of violence in the world, say what are its consequences and
suggest some ideas so as to make our world a true family where people can live in peace.
The world is more and more hit by violent acts such as terrorist attacks, armed conflicts,
abductions, assaults, etc. (constat general)
Many factors contribute to this sad situation which always leads to harsh consequences.
(Transition sur le sujet)
After exploring the causes of violence in the world, we are going to mention its consequences
and finally suggest some ideas so as to make our world a true family. (Ce que l’on veut faire /
plan)
Si on met ces phrases ensemble, on a donc comme introduction :
The world is more and more hit by violent acts such as terrorist attacks, armed conflicts,
abductions, assaults, etc. Many factors contribute to this sad situation which always leads to
harsh consequences. After exploring the causes of violence in the world, we are going to
mention its consequences and finally suggest some ideas so as to make our world a true family.
Sujet 2:
What should people do in order to maintain a good health and avoid cardiovascular diseases?
We live in a society in which people tend to face serious health problems.
Most of the diseases stem from people’s lifestyles. (Constat general)
Cardiovascular diseases are a striking example. (transition sur le sujet)
What should people do in order to maintain good health and avoid heart diseases. (plan)
Introduction:
We live in a society in which people tend to face serious health problems. Most of the diseases
stem from people’s lifestyles. Cardiovascular diseases are a striking example. What should
people do in order to maintain good health and avoid such diseases?
Essayez de rédiger l'introduction des autres sujets ci-dessus.
[26/03 à 16:10] [email protected]: Démystifier le writing au Bac
✍ ✍ ✍✍ ✍
Pub N9: Rédiger la conclusion d'un texte explicatif
👨 🏫 PAR SIKA DONATIEN MANTE, PROF D'ANGLAIS
👇👇👇👇
La conclusion fait le bilan des idées développées sans répéter les mêmes phrases. Elle est
constituée d’un seul paragraphe et est introduite par des expressions qui expriment l’idée de
conclusion ou de bilan telles que :
To round off
To sum up
To conclude
All in all
All said and done
In a nutshell
Etc.
Nous avons développé trois idées dans notre développement. Essayons de les résumer pour
rédiger notre conclusion.
To round off, violence is a global issue which evolves from several factors mainly intolerance.
(résume la première idée principale)
It is detrimental to humans in many ways and can affect the mental and physical integrity of the
victim. (résume la deuxième idée principale)
Each individual should then avoid any behavior that can favor it. Being all human beings, we
should learn to cope with our diversity in terms of views, looks and social classes. (résume la
troisième idée principale)
Toutes ces phrases mises ensemble nous donne donc la conclusion suivante :
To round off, violence is a global issue which evolves from several factors mainly intolerance. It
is detrimental to humans in many ways and can affect the mental and physical integrity of the
victim. Each individual should then avoid any behavior that can favor it. Being all human beings,
we should learn to cope with our diversity in terms of views, looks and social classes.
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