TP SSH
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--- installation & configurtion du serveur SSH
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
root@serveur:~# apt-get install openssh-server
Lecture des listes de paquets... Fait
Construction de l'arbre des dépendances
Lecture des informations d'état... Fait
Paquets suggérés :
ssh-askpass rssh molly-guard ufw
Les NOUVEAUX paquets suivants seront installés :
openssh-server
0 mis à jour, 1 nouvellement installés, 0 à enlever et 0 non mis à jour.
Il est nécessaire de prendre 0 o/298 ko dans les archives.
Après cette opération, 786 ko d'espace disque supplémentaires seront utilisés.
Préconfiguration des paquets...
Sélection du paquet openssh-server précédemment désélectionné.
(Lecture de la base de données... 24019 fichiers et répertoires déjà installés.)
Dépaquetage de openssh-server (à partir de .../openssh-server_1%3a5.5p1-
6+squeeze2_i386.deb) ...
Traitement des actions différées (« triggers ») pour « man-db »...
Paramétrage de openssh-server (1:5.5p1-6+squeeze2) ...
Creating SSH2 RSA key; this may take some time ...
Creating SSH2 DSA key; this may take some time ...
Restarting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshd.
root@serveur:~# ls /etc/ssh/
moduli sshd_config ssh_host_dsa_key.pub ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
ssh_config ssh_host_dsa_key ssh_host_rsa_key
root@serveur:~# cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# Package generated configuration file
# See the sshd_config(5) manpage for details
# What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for
Port 22
# Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to
#ListenAddress ::
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
Protocol 2
# HostKeys for protocol version 2
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
#Privilege Separation is turned on for security
UsePrivilegeSeparation yes
# Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key
KeyRegenerationInterval 3600
ServerKeyBits 768
LPIC-2 / examen LPI 202 / SSH - Atelier - version 0.1 / Hedi MAGROUN 1/6
# Logging
SyslogFacility AUTH
LogLevel INFO
# Authentication:
LoginGraceTime 120
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes yes
RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
#AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
IgnoreRhosts yes
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts
RhostsRSAAuthentication no
# similar for protocol version 2
HostbasedAuthentication no
# Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes
# To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED)
PermitEmptyPasswords no
# Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with
# some PAM modules and threads)
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
# Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords
#PasswordAuthentication yes
# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
# GSSAPI options
#GSSAPIAuthentication no
#GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes
X11Forwarding yes
X11DisplayOffset 10
PrintMotd no
PrintLastLog yes
TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no
#MaxStartups 10:30:60
#Banner /etc/issue.net
# Allow client to pass locale environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*
Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server
# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration,
LPIC-2 / examen LPI 202 / SSH - Atelier - version 0.1 / Hedi MAGROUN 2/6
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
UsePAM yes
root@serveur:~#
root@serveur:~# file /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key: PEM DSA private key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub: ASCII text, with very long lines
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key: PEM RSA private key
/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub: ASCII text, with very long lines
root@serveur:~# cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
root@serveur:~# cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
ssh-rsa
AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDLEpob5HI+fLiqp/sVfx1zlB/pBloBb2Im+X8yg3cqFnQU66+0
EzJ8Qc9AvlFjX8JooIX2dVDSAT0CcOwY8cFpmDSZHx8jTGFPPFoebdC/ZUk6UVgI1ZjdsX4wQOO4R86x
PoTS95ftriuWpJFLzN7mIQwKYAGZKXBo7X8cwGodS7Tu8g6+2dNvOpAryYDCBPeHPZ/0JGA2WHG0EY+R
Th39n4pXCjvxXsp0ftJuiGdfNLfKVd4iv1iDmB1Q4cW0YiEukvFjxenZJRraxEutIMjcOVDfIcc02HmL
NivswQa02ww7Ai0d6Xq57XF4BPU9lBXdG39buCyIcbuYP6yi4bu/ root@serveur
root@serveur:~#
root@serveur:~# useradd -m mehdi
root@serveur:~# passwd mehdi
Entrez le nouveau mot de passe UNIX : LeMotDePasse
Retapez le nouveau mot de passe UNIX : LeMotDePasse
passwd : le mot de passe a été mis à jour avec succès
LPIC-2 / examen LPI 202 / SSH - Atelier - version 0.1 / Hedi MAGROUN 3/6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--- utilisation du client SSH
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
hedi@client:~$ ls /etc/ssh/
moduli ssh_config
hedi@client:~$ cat /etc/ssh/ssh_config
# This is the ssh client system-wide configuration file. See
# ssh_config(5) for more information. This file provides defaults for
# users, and the values can be changed in per-user configuration files
# or on the command line.
# Configuration data is parsed as follows:
# 1. command line options
# 2. user-specific file
# 3. system-wide file
# Any configuration value is only changed the first time it is set.
# Thus, host-specific definitions should be at the beginning of the
# configuration file, and defaults at the end.
# Site-wide defaults for some commonly used options. For a comprehensive
# list of available options, their meanings and defaults, please see the
# ssh_config(5) man page.
Host *
# ForwardAgent no
# ForwardX11 no
# ForwardX11Trusted yes
# RhostsRSAAuthentication no
# RSAAuthentication yes
# PasswordAuthentication yes
# HostbasedAuthentication no
# GSSAPIAuthentication no
# GSSAPIDelegateCredentials no
# GSSAPIKeyExchange no
# GSSAPITrustDNS no
# BatchMode no
# CheckHostIP yes
# AddressFamily any
# ConnectTimeout 0
# StrictHostKeyChecking ask
# IdentityFile ~/.ssh/identity
# IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
# IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_dsa
# Port 22
# Protocol 2,1
# Cipher 3des
# Ciphers aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-
cbc,3des-cbc
# MACs hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160
# EscapeChar ~
# Tunnel no
# TunnelDevice any:any
# PermitLocalCommand no
# VisualHostKey no
# ProxyCommand ssh -q -W %h:%p gateway.example.com
SendEnv LANG LC_*
HashKnownHosts yes
GSSAPIAuthentication yes
LPIC-2 / examen LPI 202 / SSH - Atelier - version 0.1 / Hedi MAGROUN 4/6
GSSAPIDelegateCredentials no
-----> connexion [email protected] avec authentification par mot de passe
The authenticity of host '192.168.56.101 (192.168.56.101)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is af:08:de:77:44:fe:4b:22:38:15:84:8d:9c:93:83:01.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.56.101' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password: LeMotDEPasse
Linux serveur 2.6.32-5-686 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 09:49:36 UTC 2012 i686
...
mehdi@serveur:~$ hostname
serveur
mehdi@serveur:~$ exit
Connection to 192.168.56.101 closed.
hedi@client:~$
hedi@client:~$ ls .ssh/
known_hosts
hedi@client:~$ file .ssh/known_hosts
.ssh/known_hosts: ASCII text, with very long lines
hedi@client:~$ cat .ssh/known_hosts
|1|Sh/oZpdk8LArj1v/HLEMy41rSZY=|G6WcKZOAQ4THMV2oM4x422IrZwA= ssh-rsa
AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDLEpob5HI+fLiqp/sVfx1zlB/pBloBb2Im+X8yg3cqFnQU66+0
EzJ8Qc9AvlFjX8JooIX2dVDSAT0CcOwY8cFpmDSZHx8jTGFPPFoebdC/ZUk6UVgI1ZjdsX4wQOO4R86x
PoTS95ftriuWpJFLzN7mIQwKYAGZKXBo7X8cwGodS7Tu8g6+2dNvOpAryYDCBPeHPZ/0JGA2WHG0EY+R
Th39n4pXCjvxXsp0ftJuiGdfNLfKVd4iv1iDmB1Q4cW0YiEukvFjxenZJRraxEutIMjcOVDfIcc02HmL
NivswQa02ww7Ai0d6Xq57XF4BPU9lBXdG39buCyIcbuYP6yi4bu/
hedi@client:~$
-----> connexion [email protected] avec authentification par clé
hedi@client:~$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/hedi/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): LaPhraseDePasse
Enter same passphrase again: LaPhraseDePasse
Your identification has been saved in /home/hedi/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/hedi/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ac:2b:15:4d:a6:4a:9a:e9:aa:d8:e2:84:40:26:5f:7a hedi@client
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| |
| o |
|.o . = |
|+. o. o.. |
|. o=E. .S |
|o +.. .. |
|.o .. |
|+.. . . |
|*+. .. |
+-----------------+
hedi@client:~$
LPIC-2 / examen LPI 202 / SSH - Atelier - version 0.1 / Hedi MAGROUN 5/6
hedi@client:~$ ssh-copy-id [email protected]
[email protected]'s password: LeMotDEPasse
Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '[email protected]'", and check
in:
.ssh/authorized_keys
to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
---> demande de la passphrase : LaPhraseDePasse
Linux serveur 2.6.32-5-686 #1 SMP Sun Sep 23 09:49:36 UTC 2012 i686
...
mehdi@serveur:~$ file ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
/home/mehdi/.ssh/authorized_keys: ASCII text, with very long lines
mehdi@serveur:~$ cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
ssh-rsa
AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCmEjjfATUXjLEK9shtwCSBIA+CNjPsoFsy5OsNeUzjij
6N7QOg8BW/NXG6gpeKKWPidTlKqlV2NWe5Ywwc19b/nXgJqH1tmMA4FB1Zy6pSwamtkdYdnlAk
bvCL5UmreSz8uZlXhHi8inz4xqLAwQgDeYdZBpU8HenUSIUVwYIJwVu7y/2x5WmWRIJDnuZ3I7
GIXjg8+9+JqVsiQmEUrEqPZFz+F4ilc4O/CU3XAQTCAMiPIccQ3W86F7YqvIYulxxxDWX9yln3
Uthr9xmpJ02Q0buAuzRngnDNOIBHb+AwCl39c6nELtiJ2Bc5KsiRLMsl47W2zHGdf7ROapV7f9
J5 hedi@client
mehdi@serveur:~$ exit
Connection to 192.168.56.101 closed.
hedi@client:~$
LPIC-2 / examen LPI 202 / SSH - Atelier - version 0.1 / Hedi MAGROUN 6/6
