AFHRL-TR-72-6

1IPMAP UNITS 17,MP4.r>FnC

fntpy •UN14•
• UN 14• PZF UNIT 14
UNITlA FILF • All) • INPUT RINfBL(C = 410
FNTRY • UN 14.
• UN 15» PZF UNITIS
UN IT15 FILF • A( 2),INOUTtRlNtBLK*1080
FNTRY •UNIS*
• U N•6• PZF UNIT16
UN IT 16 FILF • A(3)INOUT *BIN*BLK=1080
FNTRY • UN 17.
•UNIT. PZF UN I T 1 7
UNIT17 FILF • A t 4)*OUTPUTfRIN*BLK = 108P
FNTRY • UN 18•
•UNIS. PZF UNIT18
UN IT18 FILF AIS).OUTPUT*BINtBLK=1080
FNn

.. . 1
. . .-..
AFHRL-TR-72-6

NH OF F ILF r ftRO
XlR^f> 92 RFCOROF BY COUNT
$NAM1 I T APF = 1 >IP=1,TPD=10$
0 1 2 3 9 8 6 0 0 0 0 1 6 0 0
0 1 2 3 9 6 6 8 0 0 0 1 6 9 10 11
12 1 2 3 8 5 6 13 0 0 18 I 6 18 16 17
1 8 1 2 3 8 8 6 0 0 0 0 1 4 6 0 0
0 1 2 3 8 8 6 0 0 0 0 1 2 8 6 0 0 0
0 18 27 19 17 19 16 -1 0 0 0 15 2^ 19 1 / 1-: 1* ! '1 o 0
0 18 27 19 17 19 16 13 -1 -1 n 15 27 19 1 7 19 16 18 38 13
2 18 27 19 17 19 16 6 -1 -1 3 1 5 ?7 19 17 19 1 6 7 7
19 1 8 27 19 17 19 16 -3 0 0 18 9 17 19 I6 0 0
0 1 8 27 19 17 19 16 0 0 0 0 1 5 27 19 1 7 19 16 0 0
0 1 2 3 8 8 6 7 0 0 0 1 ? 3 8 6 6 0 0
0 1 3 8 8 6 9 10 11 0 I 2 6 12 13 18
1¾ 1 3 8 8 6 16 17 18 19 1 6 20 21 22
23 1 3 8 8 6 29 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 1 3 8 8 6 0 0 0 0 1 28 0 0
WOPD02
•>.80 3.36
PITCH
3.22
18
3.08 2.99
1.89
2 . 79 2, 63 ',39 , 36 2.21
:.o7 1.93 1.77 1.63
70. 60. 80. 90. 30. 20 . If . i i. -30.
-30. -80. -30. -60. -70.
WORDO? ROLL 27
8.00 8.27 8.12 3.98 3.83 3.6 8 3.39 3.10
2.98 2.79 2.63 2.80 2.36 2.21 ’. 1 7 1 . 93 1 .' 3
1 .*8 1.38 1.19 1 .03 0.91 0.89 0:. ‘ '0
. . 110 . 100 . 90. 80. >0. 80.
180
30.
120
20 .
-80.
10 .
-90.
0.
-100.
- .
-
10
110 .
- .
-
20
120 .
- 3 '.
- IR:'
-60.
-70.
WOR004 ST I CKO 19
1 .00 1.28 1.88 I .66 I . 8fi 2.19 2.36
. 18 .60 .78
:.89 2.89 3.09 3.32 3,37 3. I: 3 9 .. 1 0 4.3' . 7n

-1A.9 - .
10 -.8 -6. -9 • 2. n. 6 .
.
8 10. 1?. 18. 16. ’ P.
WORDOF STICKA 1 /
.27 .93 .81 1.11 1.93 1.69 . 98 2.78
3.0- 3.28 3.61 3.89 8.23 8.39 . 90
1 j. 18. 12. 10. 8. 6. -2.
- .8 - .
6 — .
8 - .
10 -12 . - 18 . 16,
WORD06 RUDDFR 19
.07 .8 .8 1.18 1.87 1.78 '.00 2.17 2.8 0 . 38
2.80 3.00 3.20 3.80 3.60 8.00 , . 90 4.8.1 8.00
28 . 22 . 18. 18. 10 . P. ? . 0.
-.2 -9 • —6 • -8. - .
10 - .
18 -18. -2?. -/-1 •
1-109007 AIR8P0 16
. 891 .7836 .9063 1.019 1.18? 1.310 1,383 1.868 2. 16‘ 2.478
2.723 3.006 3.267 3.529 3.790 8.028
.
0 60. 70. 80. 90. ! 00, 1 2o, 140. I 60. 160.
200 . 220 . 280. 260. 280. 300.

Zb,

-- ----
AFHRL-TR-72-6

WORD 1 B ROLLRT 19
h.06 4.13 3.^95 3.07 2.646 2.03 1.51 1.0 .49
-.495 -1.0 -1.51 -2.03 -2.647 -3.08 -3.60 -4.125 -4.65
180. 160. 140. 120. 100. 80. 60. 40. 20 . 0.
-20. -40. -60. -80. -100. -120. -140. - 160. -180.
WORD?« LATArr 13
?.o9 1.91 1.74 1.67 1.46 1.30 1.16 0.99 0.87 0.67
0.6? 0.36 7.70
’.0 ?.5 /.0 1.5 1.0 .6 O. -.5 - 1.0 • 1.6
-?.0 -?.5 7.0
WORD38 ALT I ID 18
.133 .163 ,2?5 .29? .379 .450 .647 .896 1.206 1.480
1.787 7.100 2.397 2.689 3.00? 7.309 3.596 7.908
890. 1000. 150n. 2000. 2500. 3000. 400". 6000. 8000. 10000.
12000. 14000. 16000 18000. 20000. 22000. 24 000• 2600".
W0RD39 HFADNO 36
0. .128 .781 .404 .563 .701 .840 .988 1 . 177 1.780
1.424 1.567 1.711 1.864 2."07 2.151 7. 306 2.448 7.581 2.770
7.879 3.017 3.155 3.374 3.468 7.616 7.744 3.917 4.001 4.17"
6.746 4.78? 4.308 4.774 4.769
560. 350. 340, 730. 370. 710, 700. 290. 280. 270.
26o. 250. 240. 230. 770. 710. 700. 190. 180. 170.
160. 150. 140. 130. 120. 110. 1O0. 90. 80. 70.
60. 50. 40. 30. 20.
WORD40 YAWRTF 15
4.75 4.135 3.501 2.84 2.14 1.425 .705 0. -.73 -1.45
-2.165 -2.87 -3.54 -4.17 -4.78
70.
-30.
60.
-40.
50.
-50.
40.
-60.
30.
-70.
20. 10 . 0. -10. -70.

W0RD41 NORACC ?
u .V +4 .9
-7.0 +7.0
U0RD48 PLAPPO 6
4.86 3.76 7.85 1.90 1.00 .11
0. 70. 40. 60. 80. 100.
WORD-jI THROTL 5
.23 1.72 2.76 3.7? 4.64
0. 16. 72. 48. 64.
WORC58 THROTR 5
.39 1.8? 2.87 3.85 4.61
0. 16. 7?. 48. 64.
WORD59 RpMLFT 7
.7 1.4 7.11 2.82 3.55 4.28 5.00
14.2P 28.57 42.85 57.14 71.4? 85.71 100.00
WORD60 RDMRHT 7
.66 1.1? 1.69 2.27 2.88 7.46 4.00
14.78 28.57 42.85 57.14 71.4? 85.71 100.00
wr>RD61 ° I TCHR 19

4.98 4.47 3.9? 3.36 2.79 2.23 1.66 1.095 .645 0.

-.53 -1.0« -1.635 -2.71 -2.77 -3.34 -7.90 -4,45 -4.99
90. 80. 70. 60. 50. 40. 3". 20 . 10 . 0.
- 10« -20. -30. -40. -5o • -60. -70. -80. -90.
> rNP or FILF CARD
AFHR'.-TR-72-6

glthr;
. ?m/6S
CALPTR - FTN SOURCE STATEMENT - IPJ (S)

SUP HCC T I Nc CALERT ([Link])

CIRENSICN MUC) tWCRCS < 1' >)
CORRC'N /au N12,M2G, RECORD, ION IT,N, TAPE , INPI ICC) .JCOLIlCÛ) ,
IXARKAy <51,Ifl),YARRAYISI , lb) ,JCALIIOC I, 124,I24j
CO 1 L = 1 , ICC
NP = I N P(L )
IF (NP) ’,7,S
7 lnORCS (1)=0.0
OC TC 1
2 IGE--N P
GO TO (4,5,6,8), I GO
4 WORLS(1)=0.0
V,ORC= R ( l )
VOLTS*i.O05l281*ABS(WORD)-C.1256
IF ([Link].O.C) VCLTS=-VOLTS
IF (VOLTS.C?.1.0) hORDSIL ) = 1.0
GO TC 1
5 t»OR L S I L ) *P ( L )
GO TC 1
6 ML)*-P(L)
C EVENT NUR PER P s 2C0 LCD 8C 40 20 lO 8 4 2 I THAT IS BCD AND NOT
C BINARY COUNT
R1* < R(L ) /256 I*100
R2=RrC(R(L),256)
R1=R1+(R2/16)*1C+RC0(M2,16)
NORCS1L)=R 1
GO TO 1
8 WORE = R(L)
VOLTS*0.0051281*ABS(UÛRO I-C.1256
IF ([Link].O,:) VOL TS*-VOLTS
ViORCS ( L ) =VCLTS
GO TO 1
3 N0R1 = R(L 1
VOLTS = C.0051281*ABS(WORD )-0.1266
IF ([Link].O.C) VOLTS = -VOLTS
J* JCC L(L )
CALL AITKEN (X ARRAY I 1,J ),YARRAY (1, J I , VOLTS , WORDS(L),01 F ,51,NP,1,K1
1, JJ I 49
1 CONTINUE
RETURN
END

283
 *

AFHRL-TR-72-6

GtThrtÊ 07/14/69
AITKN ÉFN SCUHCE STATEMENT - IFN(S>

SOHKCCTINE AITKEN (X , Y , XI ,Y 1,DIF , M, N, I NT,K1,J» AITKNCC1

AITKNC.2
CIHtNSICN MV) ,Y(M).XX(lll,YY(in,DlFFUi> AITKN033
C C.r.K TC CBCP THE FIRST BAD PCINT PROP EITHcR SIDE AND CONTINUE AITKNCE4
c MsMAXIFL* CIMENSICN OF X ANC Y VECTORS AITKNCv.5
c N=NCMPER CF PEINTS IN THE X AND Y VECTORS THIS CALL AITKNC.6
c LEFT AND CHANCE <LRS=i) RIGHT AMD CHANGE (LKS*2) AITKNC.7
c LEFT ALMYS <LRS=*3I RIGHT ALhAYS (LRS*4I AITKNCC8
c X =4 5 6 7 8 X13 5.5 K WOULD BE 2 AITKNC-9
c PARAMETERS AlTKNCly
c X-1NCEPENDENT VARIABLE Y=DEPENCENT VARIABLE N=NUMBER POINTS AITKNG11
c XI =G IVEN X YI*REQUREC Y AITKNC12
c K1=P0SITICN OF THE LEFT HOST X USED J=THE NUMBER OF POINTS USED AITKNCI3
c AITKNC14
INTEGER Z AITKNC15
J=1 AITKNG16
ClF=C.G AITKNC17
CIFF(1)31.CE37 AITKNC18
K1 3 AITKNC19
Y I=C .C AITKNC20
IF ([Link] Gt TC 90 AITKNC21
WRITE (6.4) N AITKNC22
FORMAT (3HCN*.I12.3X,5CHTHERE ARE LESS THAN TWO POINTS IN THE (X, YAITKNC23
1) TABLE.) AITKNC24
CALL FXEN AITKNC25
90 IF (X(l).GT.X(N)) GO TC 190) AITKNC26
if (xi-x(D) 5,o.6»[Link] AITKNC27
500 <=1 AITKNC28
LR S -4 AITKNCÁ9
GO TO 2 AITKNC3G
600 K1 3 1 AITKNC31
YI xYl 1 ) AITKNC32
RPTLRN AITKNC33
800 IF (XI-X(N)I 12CC,900,1100 A1TKNC34
900 Ki = N A1TKNC35
YI 3 Y (N ) AITKNC36
RETURN AITKNC37
HOC K*N AITKNC38
LR S = 3 AITKNC39
GO TC 2BCG A1TKNC4C
12CC LL=: AITKNC41
LU3N A1TKNC42
130C IF [Link].l) GO TC 1400 AITKNC43
LI 3 ILL+LL)/2 AITKNC44
IF (X I-X(LI )) 1800,170C,160U AITKNC45
160C LL3LI AITKN046
GO TC 1300 AITKNC47
170C K13LI AITKNC48
YI3Y(L1 ) AITKNÛ49
RETLRN AITKNC50
10OC LU3LI AITKNC51
GO TC 1300 AITKNC52
190C IF (XI-X(l)) 2C0C « 600.500 AITKNC'53
2CCC IF (X I-X(N ) ) HCG,900,2100 AITKNC54
210C LL3 1 AITKNC55

284

iMMWkiMwaaiiiiiaiaiiiiÉaiii
AFHRL-TR-72-6

AITKNG56
lU-(.
A 1TKNC5 7
22CC IP ( ([Link].l I GO TC '
MTKNC5H
Ll-(LL+LU)/?
IF ( X I - X ( L I ) ) ?400,170C,?50.1 AITKNt 59
AI TKNC6j
2Í.0C U = LI
AITKN061
GC TC
AITKN062
250C LU= LI
AITKNC63
GO rr 22GG
A1TKNC64
l^G'- k*LL
AITKNC65
L° £ =2
AITKNC66
280C K V 3K
A I T K Nv 6 7
IP (IM.'C.?) RETURN
AITKNC68
IRS^p
A ITKNC69
XX(JI*X(KJ-XI
YY(J)*¥(K)
AITKNC7G
AITKNC71
2<30C 1PS = IPS + 1
A ITKNC 72
3CCC J=J+I
IF ([Link].m GC TO 5R.C
AITKNC73
AITKN074
IF [Link].M GO TC 1730
A1TKNC75
58CG J*J-1
AITKNC76
Yl*YY(J)
CIF=CIFFIJI
AITKNC77
AITKNC78
R r T LRN
37' C GC TC nRCCt<.i:0.3SG0,A2: j)tLRS
AlTKNC79
AlTKNCUu
380C LR 5 = 2
AITKNC81
390C K =K-1 PS
IF [Link].C) PQ TG R50G
MTKNC8Á
AITKNCE3
IF ([Link].-D GC TC 5HC)
A1TKN184
4C0C K = K•* I PS
A1TKNC85
LPS-R
AITKMC86
I o£ -1
AITKNC87
GC TC 17"
AITKNC88
410C L 0 S = 1
AITKNCE9
/i2CC K =K 4 I P S
AITKNC90
IF ([Link].M GO TG «530
AITKNCS1
IF ([Link].4). GC TC 58C3
AITKNC52
«3CC K*K-IPS
AITKNC93
LRS = 1
A1TKNC44
I P S *1
AITKNCS5
GC TC 3703
AITKNG96
450C XX(J»=X(K)-XI
AITKNC97
Yv(J) *Y(K)
A1TKNC98
LO* J-1
AITKNC99
GC 4ftC0 1*[Link]
Tl* XX(JI-XX( 1 I
AITKN1C0
IF ([Link]. . I GC TC 4t ):
AITKN1G1
[Link] (6.3)
AITKN1C2 123
3 FORMT (27F*CimSlCN BY ZERO IN 4ITK:N) A1TKN1C3
124
ViRITF (6.1) XI,Kl,J,(X(Z),Y(2),Z*l.N)
1 FORMT (lHC»lPF-2C..6,2IlQ/lX/(lXtlP2E20.6>)
AI TKNl.4 130
CUE FX = R
463*: YV(J)»((YY(I )*XX(J))-(YY( J)#XX!im/Tl A1TKM35
CIFF(J)*ftBSIYY(J)-YY(J-l)) AlTKN1J6
IF (ClFFU).[Link](J-in GO TO 590, A1TKN137
AITKN108
IF ([Link]) Kl*K
IF (2-LRS) 3303,29G?.2900
AITKN109

: 7/14/69
GC TFRE
A I TKN EFN SOURCE STATEMENT - IFN(S)

285

«HM.

nkiitaii .....
 4

AFHRl-TR-72-6

APPENDIX IV
FORTRAN PROGRAMS FOR A SAMPLING RATE STUDY

Preceding page blank

287

ÜaÜliiaHMMIttMMHiÉÉ
AFHRL-TR-72-6

• 03/26/70
REVI* V - tffJ SCU«C6 STATF^ENT - IFN(S> -
,»

, OIMENS1CN ARAV107C0 ) •'

1 DIMENSION TEPOIl?)
DIMENSION A( 1 20,D )»BU2,25) »EVNOI 50I,XCNT(50) ,DELUO)
0 IM E M SI ON ARX7I 50 11C 11AP(50,1) r12),«PTCT( 50 »
0 I MENS ICN I RT FI 50 ?•SUM 1121
J COMMON ARA>,DELTA,[Link].L
I
COMMON TERP
R EACI5,60CIN,IMCN,ICAV, IYP
: WRITE(6,ICC0»IMCN, IC A Y, IYR
WRITE!6, l DC 3 I
noi F ORM ATI I 3 H WAR IS PITCH/1H /)
P EACI5,50 J I ( FVNOI II,1 = 1,Nl
RE4C(5,501MXCNT( 1),1 = 1,N)
R FACI 5,5D2|(DEL I 1),1 = 1,Ml
R F A O( 5,73 0)1 IRTF! 1), I = 1,N)
70A FORMAT! 14 ! 5)
5n0 FORMAT!515 >
5D1 FORMAT!12 F c . O I
502 FORMATt l?Ft .2 )
501 format!SF 8.4)
W R1 T E16 , l0 0 1 I
00 20 1=1,N
2? REACH 6 IMAUV,JY),IY = 1,12C ),JY = 1,0)
REA0I16H ([Link] I,IY = 1,12 >,JY = l,25)
00 21 J=1,12
X = AMOO* B( J , 18 I acc.o)
IFIEVNOIl I -X)21,3,21
21 CONTINUE
GO To >?
3 ! A= 1
R ) RfACU6M I A( IY,JY ), IY=1 , 123) ,JY = 1,8)
PEAD(16)!(BUY,JYSIY = l,12),JY = l,25)
DO 5 K=l, 12 0
TFIK-niOl ,101,100
loi IF!AIK,61)800,[Link]
80 1 IF(AIK, 6)-350 . » 802,802,EOO
80 2 IF(ARSI Al K,2))-36C.)8C3,803,80 0
8D3 1 F(PIK,6) )8C0,800,1 Cl
80 0 ARAY! !A)=ARtY( IA-1I
GO TO 5
101 A P, A Y ( I A I = A ( K , 1 )
5 I A= I A 1
X = I A / 1D
I FlX-XCNTI I ) >30,8,6
6 1A=I A-1
RFSCL = ''.
WR!TE(6,K 10)
ion FORMAT! 1H / )
00 50 K =1,m
OEL T A = 0 1
V =OEL(K )
L=I «
CALL TSTRF
n«0 FORMAT I 1H 1, 5X,l’HSAMPtING ANALYSIS FOR FLIGHT CF I 2,1H-I2t 1H-1 2/
11 H /)

miutm
AFHRL-TR-72-6

03/26/70
RFSOLV - FFN SOLPCE STATEMENT - IFNJSI -

mi FORMAT! 1H ,5X,AHSAMP,?X,3HNC.,6X,11HTIMES K0RST/32H EVNO RATE SAMP

1 RES. EXCEC. EPR,4X,4HTIME,2X,4H0-.5,1X,66H.5-1. 1-1.5 1.5-2. 2-2
2.5 2.5-3 3-?.' 3.5-4 4-5 5-10 10-20 GR-20/1H /)
’«IRITE(6*ICC2! FVNO ( I I, V, L , RFSCL ( COUNT, W, TKEEP, ( TERR ( KL I ,KL=1, 12)
FORMAT!F4.0,F6.2, 15,F5.1,F6.0,F5.3,F6.2,12F6.0Í
ARX 7 ! I » K)=COUNT
4RI !*K,1)=TERR!1)
00 400 XL=2,12
KM=KL-1
60 0 AR( I,K,KL )=AR(r,K,KM)*TERR!KL)
50 CONTINUE
ARTCTtl)=L
20 CCNTINUF
00 ¢02 1=1,N
00 602 J=1,M
00 661 K=1, 12
401 AR! I,J,K)=AR!I,J,K)/ARX2IJ.J)
662 A RX 7 ! 1,0)=ARX7 ! I, J)/ARTCTII I
WRITEI6,6C2 )
00 605 1=1,N
WR I T'F ! 6,6C 7 )
00 604 J=1,M
WRITE!6,606»EVNO! [Link]>,ARX7( I ,J ), !AR! I,J,K),K=1,12 I
564 CONTINUE
605 CONTINUE
603 FORMAT!1H /IH /6H EVNC,4X,3MDEL» 4X,4HGT C,4X,
15HLE .5,3X,ÎHLE l.,2X,6HLE 1.5,3X,SHLE 2.,
2?X,6HLE 2.5,3X,5HLF 3.,2X,6HLE 3.5,3X,
35HLE 4.,3X,5HIE 5.,2X,5FLE 10,
43X,5HLE 20,3X,6HL E INF/1H /)
466 FORMAT!F5.C,2X,F6.2,2X,F6.1,2X,12|F6.3,2XI)
607 FORMAT!IH /)
00 750 LM* 1,3
00 752 J=1,M
WRITE(6,6C 7 )
00 751 LX = 1,12
751 SUM ! LX )=0.
00 753 1=1,N
t MT=I RTF! I)
IF!IMT-LM|7*3,754,7«3
754 00 755 K=l,12
755 SUM(K) = SUM(K|fAR! I,J,K)
WRITE(6,6C6)EVN0( I ) .DEL (J),APXZ 11 ,J),{AR II,J,K),K=1,12 I
753 CONTINUE
WRITE(6,78C)ISUM(K),K=1,12)
780 FORMAT!23X,12IF7.3,IX) )
75? CONTINUE
750 CONTINUE
STOP
END

289
AFHRL-TR-72-6

03/26/70
TST - FFN SOURCE ST4TFRENT - !FN(S) -

SUBROUTINE TSTRE
0 I ^FNSICN 4R47(9700)
OIMFNSirN TFPR(12)
OlMFUSION 4NUMI13 I
F c 'I NON 4H4V,r)FLTAtV»RESCL*CClNTfW*TKFEPfL
f rjMMON TFRR
On I 1=1.17
1 TERRI I)=^.
4NU«(11=0.
00 2 1 = 2,H
-• 4NIJN( I ) =4NLN ( 1-1 ) . S
4 NU 7 ( 01 =4 .
4NU“( K ) = E .
4NU«(111=10.
4NUNI 17)=70.
4 NUN ( 1? )= 1 00r 0 .
TKETP=-l.C
w*-1^00.
4=V/nEL T4
CCUNT=|4.n
l F T = L-N
on 20 J=1,LET,M
P 1 = AR 4V (J )
5 T = J M
0 ?= 4R 4Y (K T )
0M«=J-1
T l = rMR*OEL14
0M«=KT-1
T >- CN*R*0EL TA
XNL=(R2-R1)/(T?-TI)
XLS = P1-X'4L*U
KAX =J1
K AY = J*“-1
00 4 I =K AX , K AY
OMR = I-I
T =CyP *DEL T A
TcST = XMl. *1+XLS
X =AW 4Y( I)-TEST
XX=ABS(X)-RESCL
IF(XX)4,4,E
5 CCUNT=CCUM + 1.0
on ? K=l,12
I F (XX-AMJN(K))3,3,30
»0 I F( XX-ANUN (K+1 ) )32, 3?, 3
3? TFRP(K)=TERRIK)+1.0
3 CONTINUE
I F( XX-V. /4,6,6
6 W=XX
TXFEP=T
4 CONTINUE
20 CONTINUE
RETURN
END

290

..
AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX V
EXTENDED ANALYSIS OF THE NORMAL LANDING TASK
J. F. Hixson, Lt Colonel, USAFR

291

üiHUliMUiiiMftlMiltfi
AFHRL-TR-72-6

1. INTRODUCTION

Measurement analysis of the 360° overhead traffic pattern involves a

sequential examination of the individual and combined aeronautical and
procedural skills incorporated in this maneuver. For purposes of
interpretation of data and analysis of skills involved, the flight
maneuver is broken into eight phases. This maneuver conforms to the
360° standard overhead pattern for the T-37 as outlined in ATC Manual
51-4, (Reference 4).

The eight phases are as follows (See Figure A):

IA Entry
IB Approach to Runway (Overhead)
II Initial Overhead to Pitchout
III Pitchout and First Quarter Turn toward Downwind (0° to 90°
turn)
IV Second Quarter Turn to Downwind (90 to 180° turn)
V Downwind
VI First Quarter Turn to Final (180 to 270° turn)
VII Second Quarter Turn onto Final (270 to 360 turn)
VIII Final Approach

2. DISCUSSION OF MANEUVER SEGMENTS

a. Phases IA and B, Entry and Approach Phase of Normal

Overhead Pattern (See Figure B)

The student discerns a heading that is 45° to the heading of the

active runway (the runway to be landing on). He approaches the field on
this heading at an altitude of 1000 feet; airspeed 200 knots; RPM 80%
(approximately) to a point where his 45° turn will place his aircraft on
a flight path that wfiT begin at least two miles from the approach end of
the active runway and on a ground pattern that would describe a line
directly down the center line of the runway.

292

tUMdifliiiiillÉ «All* mm
 fr

AFHRL-TR-72-6

Figure A. Task Segments for 360° Overhead Landing Pattern

293
...........
AFHRL-TR-72-6

ÉÉMMMMtia
294
Figure B. Entry and Approach Phases of 360 Overhead Pattern
,,,v

AFHRL-TR-72-6

b. Phase II, Initial Overhead to Pitchout Phase of

Normal Landing (See Figure C)

The student maintains an altitude of 1000 feet; 200 knots;

RPM 80%, to a point at least 3000 feet beyond the approach end of the
runway, and not beyond the halfway mark of the runway. Some where
within this region the student executes his pitchout. At pitchout, he
banks the aircraft (not over 60°) and retards his throttle setting to
one of 50-60% RPM while maintaining pattern altitude (1000 feet).

c. Phases III and IV, Pitchout, First and

Second Quarter Turns to Downwind of Normal
Overhead Pattern (See Figures D and E)

The pitchout initiates a continuous 180° turn by the student,

with consideration given to wind conditions. When properly executed,
rollout will be accomplished at a point even with the pitchout
initialization point and on a parallel path to the active runway. This
part of the flight path is called the downwind leg. Throughout this
turn, an altitude of 1000 feet is maintained. Additional back pressure
(hence trim) is needed to maintain the altitude because of the decrease
in the power setting at pitchout (50-60%).

d. Phase V, Downwind Leg of Normal Overhead Pattern

(Figure F)

As rollout on the downwind leg is accomplished, the student

lowers the speed brakes to reduce the airspeed to 150 knots or lower.
As the aircraft passes below 150 knots, gear is dropped and airspeed
continues to drop off. Throughout these operations, an altitude of
1000 feet is maintained and increased power setting may be necessary to
hold airspeed and altitude. An altitude of 1000 feet is maintained
throughout the landing pattern through the point of flap lowering. At
no time on the downwind is the airspeed permitted to drop below 120 knots.
(Increased power setting may be necessary as drag increaes to maintain
airspeed and altitude.)

295

m ÜÉI «
AFHRL-TR-72-6

More Thon 3000 ft Out

Pitchout Point Less Than Haifway
Down Runway

Altitude 1000 ft
Airspeed 200 Kts
RPM 80% (Approx.)

Figure C. Initial Overhead to Pitchout Phase of 360° Overhead Pattern

296
AFHRL-TR-72-6

Altitude 1000 ft
Airspeed Decreasing
From 200 Kts
RPM 50 - 60 %
Bank < 60°

Figure D. Pitchout and 1st Quarter Tun. Phase o£ W ' Overhead Pattern

Altitude 1000 tt
Airspeed Decraas'.'.g to
Approx. 150 Kts
RPM 50 -60 %

Figure E. 2nd Quarter Tur: to D'.wnwtnd Phase of 360' Ovtrhead Pattern

297
AFHRL-TR-72-6

Rollout Onto A Extend Speed Brokes

Downwind

Altitude IOOO ft
RPM 50 - 60 7.
Extend Landing Gear
Airspeed:

Point A: Under 200 Kts

Point B: ISO Kts or Below
Point C:v 135 Kts or Below
/

Minimum Airspeed on Lower Flaps

Downwind Leg 120 Kts
Initiate Turn Onto
Final To Provide
Rollout -¿r Mile From
End of Runway

Figure F. Downwind Phase of 360° Overhead Pattern

AFHRL-TR-72-6

e. Phases VI and VIII, First and Second Quarter Turn to

Final Phase of Normal Overhead Pattern (Figures G and H)

A descending turn is initiated with a decrease in airspeed to

110 knots. The student takes into consideration the wind and distance
from the runway so that rollout will be made at a predetermined position
at least one-half mile from the end of the runway with an altitude of at
least 300 feet. At no time is the bank to be over 45° or the airspeed
to be less than 110 knots.

f. Phase VIII, Final Approach Phase of Normal

Overhead Traffic Pattern (Figure I)

The student will rollout on the final approach at least one half
mile from the approach end of the runway at an altitude of no less than
300 feet. The rollout should be at such a heading as to result in a
ground path in line with the runway. Airspeed is lowered to 100 knots
during the final approach and letdown.

3. NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF THE 360° STANDARD OVERHEAD

TRAFFIC PATTERN AS OUTLINED IN ATC MANUAL 51-4*

Entry into the landing pattern is initiated at a 45° angle to the

active runway. All turns in the maneuver are in the same direction,
depending on whether the pattern is a right or left hand pattern. Initial
pattern altitude is 1000 feet and pattern airspeed is 200 knots
(approximately 80% RPM).

Initial leg of landing pattern is in line with and over the center
line of tlîe active runway.

After a position between 3000 feet from the approach end of the
runway and one half of the runway is reached, pitchout is accomplished.

throughout the entire flight pattern, the student will be expected to

execute coordinated flight maneuvers and evidence a smoothness in the
execution of procedures. Proper clearing of area, adjustments for
wind, traffic, and understanding of necessary cockpit procedures are
assumed within the realm of capability and understanding of the student,
as well as the expected procedure for the 360° overhead standard pattern.

299

ÉÈà MiUMMMlÉÉÉMlHittiHIilitfNM
AFHRL-TR-72-6

Figure G. 1st Quarter Turn to Final Phase in 360° Overhead Pattern

Figure H. 2nd Quarter Turn to Final Phase of 360° Overhead Pattern

300
 fr

AFHRL-TR-72-6

Figure I. Final Approach Phase of 360° Overhead Pattern

301

mmmmi mmaHMa ima mmakH

AFHRL-TR-72-6

This constitutes a nearly simultaneous bank in pattern direction, and

reduction of power to between 50 and 60¾. (If one is to precede the
other, bank should precede reduction in power.) The bank is not to
exceed 60°.

In maintaining pattern altitude of 1000 feet, there is a continuous

180° turn designed to bring the pilot out on the downwind leg position
of the pattern. The rollout for downwind should be accomplished
approximately in line with the pitchout position to initiate a ground
pattern parallel to the active runway. During the turning interval,
the pattern altitude of 1000 feet is maintained as airspeed decreases,
due to the reduction in power.

After the rollout on downwind is accomplished, speed brakes are

applied to bring the airspeed down to 150 knots or below. The aircraft
should be approximately one half of the way on the downwind leg. Gear
should be dropped at this point, continuing the reduction of airspeed
to 135 knots or below (never below 120 knots). Pattern altitude of
1000 ^eet above the terrain should be maintained at all times. Power
necessary to maintain airspeed and altitude should be used.
y>
y

Wing faps should t Iropped prior to initiating turn that will

bring the aircraft out on final approach. THIS SHOULD BE DONE WHILE
AIRCRAFT IS STILL IN LEVEL POSITION, AIRSPEED LESS THAN 135 KNOTS, BUT
NOT LESS THAN 120 KNOTS, AND ALTITUDE STILL 1000 FEET.

Initiate continuous turn onto final approach; bank is not to exceed

45°. Nose is lowered to begin descent, and airspeed is decreased to
110 knots in the turn. Turn and descent is judged to permit aircraft
to rollout on final approach at least one half mile from the end of the
runway at an altitude of NOT LESS THAN 300 FEET.

A straight descent is maintained until touchdown. Airspeed is

decreased to 100 knots for final approach.

302
AFHRL-TR-72-6

4. Skills Required

Mastery of the 360° Standard Overhead Traffic Pattern is

mandatory prior to a student's ability to fly an aircraft solo. The
skills involved in this maneuver will have been presented i the student
as individual skill techniques prior to accomplishment of the landing
pattern. Measurement of the basic skills are of prime importance in
ascertaining proficiency. The skills in mention, and the areas of the
maneuver in which they are employed, are defined as follows:

Directional Control. The skill of being able to determine and

maintain a headjng, determine and maintain proper ground track depending
on wind conditions, rollout on a predetermined heading from varying
degrees of bank from level, and ascending or descending flight.

Altitude Control. The skill of being able to maintain altitude,

level off at a predetermined altitude either from a climb or descent;
maintain altitude with varying airspeed or with varying degrees of bank,
and in a rollout from a banked turn within varying degrees of bank.

Airspeed Control. The skill of maintaining a desired airspeed,

or establishing a desired airspeed, the ability to change an airspeed,
then establish the attitude to hold the airspeed as in a descent, or
the skill to establish the attitude to attain a predetermined airspeed.

Roiling Into and Maintaining a Desired Bank (Without Varying).

The ability to make a coordinated turn without varying airspeed or
altitude, and the ability to roll into and out of this turn without
over-controlling. Also, the ability to rollout onto at a predetermined
heading.

The ski 11-composites and knowledges that need to be considered for

measurement are:
Straight and Level Flight. The ability to maintain the aircraft in
straight and level flight involving the maintenance of heading and
altitude.

303
AFHRL-TR-72-5

Level Turns. The ability to make a coordinated turn without losing

altitude or over-controlling to maintain proper bank.

Descending Turns. The ability to maintain the proper airspeed,

bank, and rate of descent without excess banking.

Maintenance of Altitude at Varying Airspeed or Power Setting. The

ability to maintain a given altitude while varying the power setting.
In the traffic pattern maneuver, this involves reducing the airspeed
while holding altitude.

Straight Descent. The ability to maintain directional control of

the aircraft while losing altitude at a given airspeed and a constant
glide angle.

Varying Degrees of Bank. The ability to coordinate a roll into the

desired bank and maintain this bank without loss of altitude, unless so
desired. Also, the ability to determine and hold a prescribed degree
of bank.

Ability to Judge Rate of Turn. The ability to predetermine the

position to initiate a given rate of bank, or alter a rate of bank
within limits in such a manner that the rollout places the aircraft on
the desired ground path.

Ability to Rollout Onto a Desired Heading. The ability to place

the aircraft on the desired heading after completion of a turn.

Ability to Determine Wind Drift and Angle. Basic knowledge of wind

and wind drift angles that permits rolling out to a predetermined heading
that will effect the desired ground path.

Knowledge of Procedures. Basic knowledge of aircraft procedures

for landing and for the landing pattern that will produce desired changes
in airspeed, altitude, direction, etc., at the prescribed position

304
AFHRL-TR-72-6

in the landing pattern are essential to accomplish the landing pattern

as prescribed.

The student is expected to execute coordinated flight maneuvers and

demonstrate a smoothness in the execution of procedures throughout the
entire flight pattern.

5. PRELIMINARY PERFORMANCE MEASURES FOR THE

NORMAL OVERHEAD 360° TRAFFIC PATTERN

Patterns will present different profiles because of the different

procedural requirements due to such variations as single engine landings,
touch and go landings, right or left hand patterns, and patterns
executed with varying degrees of flaps. In general, measures should
address at least the following parameters:

Altitude. Measurement of how well the pilot's altitude compares

with ATC criteria throughout the maneuver. Meaaures ability to maintain
altitude through different power settings, while accomplishing cockpit
procedures.

Airspeed. Measurement of how well the pilot remains within the

ATC limits as he follows the normal procedure for tne landing pattern.

Degree of Bank. Measures the pilot's ability to accomplish a 180°

turn without exceeding a given maximum bank, and his ability to judge
the necessary angle of bank needed to complete the turn within a certain
area, rolling out at a prescribed position on a definite heading.

Vertida! Velocity. Measures the ability of the pilot to transition

from level flight attitude to a descending attitude and to anticipate the
required rate of descent.

Attitude. Determines the pilot's ability to hold altitude by

changing the attitude at different power settings.
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

RPM. Measures how well the pilot conforms to ATC standards and
procedures throughout this maneuver for either normal or single engine
performance.

306

MK
AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX VI

EXECUTIVE PROGRAM FOR LAZY 8

This program reads the calibrated data, performs

basic computations (estimated ground speed,
altitude-change, and degrees of turn), prints
data at a sampling rate of 2/second, calls the
measurement subroutine, and generates plotting
data.

307
AFHRL-TR-72-6

KNüOP
LAZYYd - EFN SOURCE STAlE'iEMT - !FN(S» -

CPRINT ME^SUKC VARIABLES FUR LAZY 6 MANEUVER

DIMENSION AR(101B 3 a I
DIMENSION A(120f9),^(12.251 ,FVN0«2SI
DIMENSION XCNT(251
DIM NS I ON ZX(120l,ZY(I20),nATA(43BI
COMMCN AR.L
CALL PLOTSIDATA,438)
CALL PLOT 10.0»Ö« 31”3 I
I COUNT = 4
IEV- 1
READ (5,5001 N
READ (5,5011 (=VNO(n,I«l,M
601 READ (5,501) (XCNT(I),I=1,N)
ITEaT*-10
1 R E A L' ( 16 ) ((All,0),1 = 1,120),0==1,9)
READ(16) ((Öl I,0),1 = 1, 12),0=1,25)
DO 20 1=1,12
X«AMOD(0(I,19),100.0)
IF(tVNO(IEV)-X) 2,3,2
3 IF(ITEST) 4,5,5
4 WR IT r (c,3C0) tVNO(lEV)
L*0
TIM1=0.0
I TEST*û .
5 IA»10*(I-lltl
L = L+1
AR(1,L)=A(IA,2)
AR(2,L)=A(IA,1)
AR(3,L»=B(I,7)
AR(4,L)=B(1,6) _
AR(£,L)*A(1A,6I
AR ( 6, L ) *B ( 1,15 )
AR ( 7, L ) =B ( 1 , 16 )
AR(0,L) = A (IA,3)
AR(9,L)*A(I A,4)
AR(10,L)*Q(I,9) ... .
ANL=3.14159265*AR(2,L)/1RO.O
SXLR = SIN(A ID
CXLk=COS( AND
ALTX=SXLR*AR(5,L)*6080.0/3600.0
GS = C XLR*AR(5,L)
TURN=ABS(AR(3,L)”AR(3,1))
IF(lC0UNT-4) 201,200,201
200 WRITE (6,301) TIME , A (1A,2), A ( I A,1),B( I ,7 ), B ( 1,6),A(IA,6),B( I ,15 ),
1B(I,16),A(IA,3),A(IA,4),TURN,GS,ALTX
TIMl=TIME+0.5
ICODNT = 0
GO TO 600 .. _
201 I COUNT*I COUNT*1
GO TO 600
2 IF(I TEST I 20,7,7
7 CONTINU"
CALL ELAZY8
READ(5,500)IVPL0T
IF (1VPLOT)70Ò,¿2,92

308

laBiilMWiititHiMifliHIMliMHIhiAMHMHIMlilllMftHiMilflHHMIlM
AFHRL-TR-72-6

K'JlOP
10713/69
LA/YY3 - tF.'t SUURCc STATE'IEMT - IFH(S)

OStARr PLuT KUUrriE

32 KK-«.-
00 90 IK=1,L,10
KK =KK+ 1
ZX(KKl»AR(i,lK)
90 2Y (KK) = AP(21IK )
CALL SYMB0L(-ü.ó,-[Link].l,23HR0LL VS. PITCH FJR LAZY 8,0,25)
CALl SCAL=!/Xf10.0,KK,1,10.0)
CALL SC-LEI/Y,9.0,KK,1,10.0)
CALL LI9f(2X,7.Y,KK,l,l,H)

l t l 0 #0 I 511,0,0*°*lifHR0LL »l*» 10-0»0.0,ZXIKK+1),ZXIKK*2)

^ ^ Î* ^ 1KISI0.0,0.0,1 SUP ITCH ( DEGREES )•15,9.0,90. G,ZYIKK+1),¿YIKK + 2)

111 0 • D i
zxm»u.
ZX( ? )=40.
[Link].
ZX(4)=40.
zxi,)=;,
AMXsC.L,
00 91 LA*1,KK
V=ABS(ZY(La))
IF ( V - A «, X )91,91,9 2
92 AMX=V
91 CCmiNUF
ZY(I )=0.
ZY(2)=^MX
ZY(5)=0.
ZYI 4)=-4MX
ZYI )=3.
00 93 L A = 6,10
LB = l 4-5
ZXILA)=-/X<LB)
93 ZY(L A I*ZY(LB )
ZX(1 I)*ZX(KK+1 )
ZX(l2l=/X(KK+2)
ZY(11)*ZY I KK1 )
ZYI12)*ZY(KK+2 )
CALL LINE(ZX,ZY,10,1,0,0)
CALL PLbT(12.0,0.0,-3)
KK = '
93 94 IK*1,L,10
KK = KK1
ZXUK)=KK.
94 ZY(KK)=’R(1,IK)
CALL SYMBOL (-0.6,-1.1,C.l,34HftULL A„n PITCH VS. TIM; FOR LAZY 4,0,
1 34 )
CALl SC-LE(ZX,10.9,KK,1,10.0 I
CALL SCALEIZY,9.0,KK,1,10.0)
CALI LI9.(ZX,ZY,KK,1,1,U)
.C?!:I^,*XIS, J•0,0•0, • 5 E wDNOS ) ,-14,10.0,0. ),ZX( KK+ 11 ,/X(XK + 2|
I 1 • . ' I
i-ALL 4X15(0.0,3.0,THOtGREcS * 7,9,0,90.0,ZY(KK + 1),ZY1KK*2),10.0)
KK s
03 95 [Link]
KK =KK1
AFHRL-TR-72-6

KM. OP lt//l \/bi

t. < ¿ Y Y it - cFM SlURwt SItTE'IcMT - IFM15) -

l>5 2Y(KK ) = \K( IK )

CiU Li'. (¿[Link] ,1 ,1 ,1 )
Gill S Y M ft OL ( R. G * fl • i i 0 . l * ‘VH'ï i)LL * 014 I
cut SY.-rnjl (R. 7,8.3,0. 1,11,0,-1)
Gail SY"eüL|R.0,8.5,0.1,5HPITCH,0,5)
CUt S Y 'PUL ( fl. 7,8. 3,0 . l, 1, C , -l )

01 Vf I K = I, L,10
KK = KK« 1
96 7Y ( KK I = .PI1*, IK)
cau Pir.m?.g,i.o,-j)
CiU SYMPQLl-O.o.-l. 1,0.I,28HmLTITUjE VS. TIMi FOR LAZY 3,0,28)
GiLt SG -L E(7 Y ,9,0,KK,1,l0.0)
CiU Ll lE(7X,7Y,KK,l,l,ll)
CVU i/I S( :.0,0.0, KH II M ( 5. CONOS ) ,-14,10,0,0.,7X(KK.+ 1),7X(KM2)
1,1 1. U
C4LL iXl S( 1.0,0.0,1sUiLTITUuE IFclT I ,15,9.0,90,u,/Y (KK+1),2YIKK>2)
1,10.0)
K K =../
DJ 57 U=1,1,10
K K = K K 1
97 7Y(KK) = iP(5,IK )
CALL PL01(12.0,0.0,-1)
CUL SYVBÜL (-0.6,-1.1,0.1,2bHiIRSPpcD VS. TIME FDR LAZY 8,0,28)
C iU SC U . ( Z Y , 9.0 , KK , l , 1 0.0 I
CALl LI'¡F(ZX,ZY,KK,1,1,11)
CiLL iX IS (o.O.O.O,14HTI ME (jC.J1ÜS), -14,10.0,0..,7X ( KK+1), Z X(KK*2)
1,10.0
CiLL iXl 5(0.0,0.9,1'jH«IRSPF :D ( K1UT0 I , 16,9.0,90.0 , Z Y ( KK + 1 ) , ZY IKK+2
1),)..0
KK. = L
DO 98 1K = 1,L,10
K K = K K 1
98 ZYIKK ) = .8(i,!K)
CiLL PLOT (12.0,0.0,-3 I
CíLl íYYR:JL(-c.6,-1. 1, : .UZlMUEilOlNC VS. UME Fur LAZY 6,0,27)
CiU SULE(/Y,9.0,KK,1,10.0)
CALL LI. (ZX,ZY,KK,1 , , .1l)
CALI AXIS! .1.0,0,0, ItHI IM' I ^CU'inS) , -14,10.0,0. - ,ZX1KK+ 1 ) ,ZX(KK42)
[Link]."1)
CALl 4X I SU .0,0.0, 17HH APIU (O.G.v7 S ) , l 7,9.0,90.0, Z Y ( KK +1 ) , Z Y ( KK«
12),10.0)
CiU PL 1T( 12.0,0.0,-3)
ZX(1)=0.0
7Y (1)=0.0
KK = I
M e 0 IK*l ,l . 1 j
KK =F.K+ 1
ATIlF* i . 1413920547.8( 1, IK ) /IbO.
SXX = S1 i I A Y G L ^)
CXX=C.ÜS( AUGL- )
ANO! = 5. 14159265*AR ( 2 , I K )7 13 J ,
GS = PIS, IK)*C0S(AMCb)
7X(KK|=7X(KK-i)+GS *SXX
8C ZY(KK)=/Y(KK-l)4GS*CXX
CALL SYMPOL1-0,6, -1 • 1,0.1,?9HGR0UNO TPA^K F9« L*7Y 8,0,23)

310

.,....ILL^
.
AFHRL-TR-72-6

1C/13/CSI
l-W-YYj - £FU SOUR C£ STATEHtNT - UNIS) -

CALI SCliet7X,9.0,KK,I.10.0)
CALL SCALE!/Y,9.0,KK,1,10.01
CALL Ll»irUX,ZK ,KK,1,1,14)
CAU SYMBOL(4.5,9.2,0.1,1HN,0,l)
CALL SYMBOL(9.2,4.5,0.1,1 HE,0.1 I
CALL SYMBOL(4.i>,-0.2,0.1, 1HS,0,1 )
CALl SYMBOL(-0.2,4.5,0.1,Ihrt.o,1)
CALL PLOT!12.0,0.0,-3)
KK =
on d ik*i,l,io
K K = K K 1
2X( K K I =AR(9, IK)
31 ZY(KK) = -AR(» , IK)
CALL SYMBOL !-w .0,-1.1,0.1,SOHSriCX P0SIT10M PlOI F )R LAZY 8,0,30)
CALI SCALE(ZX,l0.0,KK,l,10.j)
CALL SCALE!ZY,9.0,KK,1,10.0
CALL LI *IF(ZX,ZY,KK,1,0,0)
CALI AX 15(3.0,0.0,19HL AT • PUS. ( DEGREES),-19,10.0,0.0,ZX(KK + 1 ),/X(
IKK*.),10.0)
CALI AXIS! J.0,0,0,20HLUNG, POS . ( t/F ORF ES ) , 20,9 . l , 9 3.0, Z Y ( KK* 1 ) , Z Y (
l KK*2),10.0)
CALL SYMBOL (ZX( 1 ), ZY(1),0.1,14,0,-1)
CALL PLOT!12.j,0.0,-3)
700 COiSTI lUE
IF ( I FV- 1)9,3,(5
9 IEV-IEV+1
I T - , T = - 10
600 XXX=XCXT!ISV)
ALL = L
IF! LL-XXX)20,7,7
20 CONTINUE
CD TO 1
3 CnNTIi\u =
500 FORMAT!¡6)
501 FORMAT!12F 5 » 0)
300 FOR'AT (1H1,16HLAZY 3 NUMBER F6.0/1H Z1H /56X , 4HLF FT,3X,5HR1 GHT,
1 4X , HL r¡G. ,6X,4HLAT. ,2X/5H 7 1 ME , 4X, -»HROLL , 3X, 5HPITCH,2X,
2 7HH, AUnC.-X .oHALTI [Link].c-HAIRSP * .0, 3X , 3HRP.M , 4X , 3HRPM, 4X ,
33HST. PCS . , 3 X , 3HST . PUS., 3X , 4, (TURN, 3X, 2tl OS , 5X , 4HA L TX/1H /)
.301 FORMAT (FF. I, ?X , F 5 . J, 3X , F5 ,C , 4X , F 5.0,6X , F7 . C , ¿X , F 5.0, ?X, F 5.0,2X,
IF 5. ,6X,F5.l,tX,F5.1,2X,F5.3,lX,FS.u,lX,F5.J)
CALL PL IT 
STOP
cNO
AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX VII

MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF
BARREL ROLL MEASUREMENT
SUBROUTINE

Preceding page blank

313

MHMWWMMHHIHMaaBHiHMIlllliaiHttl
AFHRL-TR-72-6

Program Major Functions

Subroutine Proper 1. Computes maximum and minimum

points of selected arrays

2. Computes raw measures

3. Computes scaled combined measures

4. Computes "scores"

5. Calls subroutine "read" and "back"

and function "amod"

Subroutine "read" 1. Reads one record of calibrated data

(1.2 seconds)

2. Places variables in common

Subroutine "back" 1. Backs-up magnetic tape to the first

record whose event number is specified
in the calling vector.

Function "amod" 1. Computes roll angle modulo 360 to

correct for instrumentation idiosyncracy
in 0 to 90° region.

314

MaMiaMiiiiiife afeMMUi
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX VIII

ILLUSTRATION OF OUTPUT FROM

EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT PROGRAMS

315

-. .... .. .... ..
- - MiikiMawMiaiiHÉakMÉ!
AFHRL-TR-72-6

MANEUVER NUMBER 47. FLIGHT OF 11-20-69

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR LAZY-8 MANEUVER

I. INDIVIDUAL MEASURES

S HALF-1 HALF-2 S HALF-1 HALF-2 S HALF-1 HALF-2

1 655.81 248.54 7 10.70 -1.00 13 521.62 521.62

2 521.33 144.52 8 0.20 59.78 14 476.04 476.04

3 1.28 3.15 9 5.64 17.68 15 510.92 510.92

4 728.67 377.83 10 19.63 13.69 16 18.29 18.29
5 0. 353.66 11 17.24 3.86 17 0. 0.
6 84.14 81.74 12 380.16 380.16 18 0. 0.
19 42.19 46.13

SCALED COMBINED MEASURES WEIGHTED

MEASURE HALF-1 HALF-2 HALF-1 HALF-2

BANK 81.50 94.32 45.51 41.66

PITCH 81.77 90.53 45.66 39.98
R/C 98.88 97.34
R/C 37.94 105.80
AIRSPEED 78.72 74.91 78.73 79.08
ALTITUDE 61.73 61.73
ALTITUDE 64.00 64.00
G-FORCE 100.00 100.00
RPM 77.64 75.55

II. OVERALL SCORES

SCORE HALF-1* 73.64

SCORE HALF-2* 81.41

MANEUVER TIME * 72.00 SECONDS

MAX PITCH 1 « 38. MAX PITCH 2 * 45. MAX ALT * 12148. AT 72. DEG OF TURN

MIN PITCH I - -28. MIN PITCH 2 * -25.

ANALYZED 402. SAMPLES 1st HALF AND 318. SAMPLES 2ND HALF.

NO. RR REVERSALS- 12 NC. PR REVERSALS- 28

1.256 0.925 0.006 1.537 353.662 165.884

33.320 21.095 380.158 521.623 476.037 510.923
0.123
9.700 0.083 23.325
18.294 0. 0.

317
AFHRL-TR-72-6

MANEUVER NUMBER 19. FLIGHT OF 12-17-69

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR BARREL ROLL MANEUVER

I INDIVIDUAL MEASURES

S MEASURE S MEASURE S MEASURE

1 16693.30 7 25.82 13 13579.30

2 14042.13 8 16.24 14 2.07
3 3.76 9 0. 15 0.
4 6.30 10 0. 16 0.
5 0.34 11 1139.60 17 0.70
6 46.37 12 434.86 18 20.04

SCALED COMBINED MEASURES

MAIN PARAMETERS MEASURE
ENTRY AIRSPEED 100.00
ATTITUDE (1) 44.36
ATTITUDE (2) 53.19
ATTITUDE (HDG.) 39.36
ATTITUDE (PITCH), 75.72
ATTITUDE (ALT.) 73.76
ATTITUDE (TOT.), 79.61
RPM 79.28
G-FORCE 99.06
ROLL-RATE 98.66
ATTITUDE (3) 54.74

II. OVERALL SCORE* 71.99

MANEUVER TIME - 25.00 SECONDS

101.42 100.86 -99.64 104.28 100.52

100.52 100,17 98.98 8.89 21.18
-33.72 -47.00 3.76

318
 APPENDIX IX
INITIAL PLOTS GENERATED FOR
NINE LAZY 8 PERFORMANCES

319

tttUMittttHÉllilUttÉUÉVMiltakáHIMliHIHittiilÉiUI .
-....... ...
 t»

AFHRL-TR-72-f>

320
AFHRL-TR-72-6

321

.... , .........
AFHRL-TR-72-6

322

^MUMIMãàá
.- --..
AFHRL-TR-72-6

323
 ‘'Mnp|f[ii]nMMitp;iiiiiriM)i|ii|ii|iii | 11^111111 ui -^rniiiiitTC’niTT— '•’“w|

AFKRL-TR-72-6

Mu- m
PITCH o

f 1
8
84-

39]00 «[Link] [Link] «1.00

TIME (SECONOS)

Plot 8
MU. OHO PITCH W. TIIC POH U«T •

324

.... ..
.“ ,l " " ' ' -......... ., ....... ... ... !a;k,.:„ .jijjddiUflil

....- -.
AFHRL-TR-72-6

«.Tin* V«. TI* r» iMT •

325
 AFHRL-TR-72-6
(DEGREES)
PITCH

8
8

8
Út

8
S-l-1-*--1-1-•— -H-1- —t

-100.00 -[Link] -60.00 -[Link] -20.00 0.00 20.00 «10.00 60.00 80.00 100.00
ROLL (DEGREES)

Plot 12

NOLL VS. PITCH FOR LAZT 6

326
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

8
i "OLL ft
HTCH o
8
§
160.00
140.00
100.00
DEGREES
60.00
20.00
-20.00
-60.00
-103.00

-«— H
91.00 101.00
TIME (SECONDS)

Plot 13
MU. AND PITCH VS. TIHE FOR UOT 6

327

.....
AFHRL-TR-72-6

328

i
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

5t

5
L”-00
«0.00

U. -U -1.- ^^.,,¿8«,“ M I.*

[Link]

Plot 16
0.30 1TCH joD^[Link]
20.00

8
-1-«--»-4-
70.00 -50.00 -30.00 -10.00 10.00 30.00 30.00
-90.00 -
ROLL (OEGREESl
Plot 17

MU. VS. PITCH ran LMT 3

329

.... .....-.
AFHRL-TR-72-6

8
AFHRL-TR-72-6

Plot 19

Plot 20

331

. .. ..
- . . ............
AFHRL-TR-72-6

Plot 22

(MU. VS. PITCH FBI LMT •

332

...-.... HMaiiMINII
AFHRL-TR-72-6

333

.-.
..
AFHRl-TR-72-6

Plot 24
«.nie« *». «• w» MB •
 »

AFHRL-TR-72-6

230.00 210.00

335

-.
AFHRL-TR-72-6

336

 -- --------
AFHRL-TR-72-6

Plot 29
mm n. rm rm imt a

337
 AFHRL-TR-72-6
_
120.00
_
100.00
60.00
60.00
[Link]
PITCH (DEGREES)
20.00
0.00
-20.00
110. QO

50.00 60.00 200.00

ROLL (DEGREES)
Plot 32
MU. VS. PITCH FOR LflZT 0

338

mmiHIJIWIUM,.. mumm laHMMaittaiiiiiiMaiN

 AFHRL-TR-72-6
250.00

KILL w
P11CH o
210.00
[Link]
130.00
90.00
50.00~
10.00
-30.00
-70.00
110.00

33.00 in.m U9.00 57.00 6S.00 73.00 [Link]

TIME (SECONDS)
Plot 33
«JLL AND PITCH VS. T1HE FOB LflET 9

339

..-.. MM*
AFHRL-TR-72-6

¿. ^ i- ¿*,,*¿8, A- *• “S'
Plot 34
mjinm n. tm mum %

T»r («¿Si
“«Ci Kï Sã Si”
Plot 35

340

MÉHii MH . -.—!
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

3 12-19-69-312
Unsatisfactory

8
i

8
8

8
8
PITCH (DEGREES

S
S I

8
?!- -»- 1 -H-1-»-i- H- —t - -I- H
- 90.00 70.00
- 50.00
- 30.00
- - 10.00 10.00 30.00 50.00 70.00 80.00 110.00
ROLL (DEGREES)
Plot 37
«hl vs. riTCH fob u«r 8

341

Jââà
..-.
AFHRL-TR-/2-6

na >• un*

343
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

Plot 42

MU VS. PITCH FORLftlT •

344

....
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

Plot 43

BOLL MO PITCH VS. TI* FOB LBIT 8

345

... -.-—.- HIIIHWMflMIHIIlilkMiMlMIMIIiaiBiM

AFHRL-TR-72-6

Plot 44
.nna» tmMiant

Plot 45
mraiunt

346

... itfilMIIIIIIMNrflIMttirilÉSAIIHillWlMIlilliMB
AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX X
STICK POSITION PLOTS FOR REPRESENTATIVE
LAZY 8 MANEUVERS

347

..
.
snot einw nm mum*

tri« pstmainmmutt 9

349

.. .-...... ...
AFHRL-TR-72-6

350

. ........
-- MÜ
 Il-20-69-59 (Good)

•I.«
^ rg&n, ^ “ ,15~ S

351

. ..
AFHRL-ÏR-72-6
•a?-

moi nu tiw rur pw twt •

352

jÉUÉi iMawMafeMaiiaiÉiaiM
AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX XI

ROLL VS PITCH PLOTS FOR REPRESENTATIVE

LAZY 8 MANEUVERS

353

.
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

110.00

100.00

«OLI VS. riTCM FW LMT 0

355

.
AFHRl-TR-72-6

110.00

356
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

100.00
ROLL (DEGREES)

ROLL (DEGREES)

ROLL VS. PITCH FW Uttt 0

357
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

ROLL (DEGREES)

ROLL (DEGREES)

null vs. riTCH fon lmt e

358
 »

AFHRL-TR-72-6

il

•H
110.Oü

HOLL VS. PITCH FO« UttT 0

359
AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX XII
AIRSPEED PLOTS FOR REPRESENTATIVE
LAZY 8 MANEUVERS

Preceding page blank

361

MrnmiiÊÊimÊÊÊÊm
AFHRL-TR-72-6

i,
AFHRL-TR-72-6
1
AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX XIII

PUNCH AND PRINT PROGRAM

365

.....
AFHRL-TR-72-6

PUNCH AND PRINT PROGRAM

This program prints at At * 0.5 and punches cards at

’ 0.4, Barrel Roll and Others

At
0.5, Lazy 8

Input CrDS: (1) $ Setup A A(3) AAAA T37DXX, I^RING

(2) Month, Day, Year

(3) N
+ Lazy 8
(4) KODE
or other maneuver
. o
(5) evno

(6) Duration
AFHRL-TR-72-6

KNCCP 07t*s
LA7YY3 - £FN SUURCr STATtMENT - IFf.(S) -

C PR I NT Pr*SUK¿ YAP IA0L ?S FOR I 4¿Y £ MiNctVriR

CIPFNSION AR(»OfIÕOÜ)
CIPgNSItJN IM^(25>
CI^ENblON A<120,91,3(1?, ¿5),EVN0(ii)
C1PFNSI0N YCNT(?5)
ICCUNT=4
I cV = 1
RÎAC(5,5011)IMON,IOAY,IYR
501’ FCRNATI315)
R£AC (5,50 0 N
PcAC(5,)501)(1 i')M(I),1*1, N)
1501 FCRFATl»¿15)
READ (5,50») ( cVNJI I ), I* ,'i)
601 R E A C (5,50x) (XCNT(I), I * ’ ,N)
4030 CCMINUc
ITEST*- .0
1 R E A C( .6) (( A(I,J),1*1,120),J*1,9)
REAM .6) ( (B( 1,J ), 1*1,12), J*1,25)
CC 20 I-i,..?
x-ARcciei1,18),100.0)
1F ( ITcSTWIO, 5,5
97)0 CCNT I MIE
IF ( EVNQ( IEV)-X 1 2,3,2
3 I F ( 1T;ST ) 4,5,5
4 hRITE(5,350 HM0N,ICAY,IYR
V,RIT£(6,300)EVN0(IEV)
ICCUM*4
6751 hRITEl7,67tO) IVON,ICAY,IYR,EVMOiItY)
6760 FCRVAT(15,15, 15.F7.0)
6750 CCNTINUi
XcRPT*cVNC(IEV )
1*0
TIVE*0.0
ITEST *0
5 I A*1C«(1-1) + 1
L *L 1
6004 CONTINUE
IF(L-l)820,iH20,32l
821 IF(A( 1A,6))p?¿,826,626
826 IF(A(IA,6)-360.)827,32^,822
827 IF ( A8S( A ( IA, 2 ) )-360. )941.1,941., 32 2
9411 IF(P(I,6))b2?,822,620
822 CC 823 V0M*i,i0
823 AR(VCV,L)*AK(MQM,L-a>
GC TC 824
820 CONTINUE
A R(1,L)*A( IA ,¿ )
AR(2,L)*4(IA,.)
AR'.3,L)*B( 1,7)
6005 A R(4 , LI * 8(1,6)
A R ( 5 , L ) = A ( IA, 6 )
AR(6,L)=B(1,15)
AR(7,L)*G(I,16)
AR(8,L)*A(IA,3)
AR(9,L) *A ( IA,4)

367
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

KNCCF or/ .6.

t-A/VYf* - cFí¡ snijPCc STiTcMENT - II-MS) -

¿«(IC,L)= B(11 9 I
82^ [Link]
AM. = 3 . i415‘J ->t 'j*. !< ( 2 , L ) / : ao. c
S XL R = ¿ ! ; ( AM. )
C XL R - CO S ( Ai'.L )
ALT X = 'ïXI.R • AR ( 5 * I. ) * 60 80.0/36CC. 0
CS=C X. R »«R ( 6 , L )
TURN-AO i ( A R ( '.L > - AR ( 7 , M )
!F( ICCüwT-4) 201,200,¿01
?00 ^RITEl6,[Link]",AR(1,L),AR(7,L),AR(3,L),AK(AlL),AR(5,L),ARI6,L)
lARC ,U , AK< ,L ), ARI 9,L ), [Link], [Link] ( .'.0,L )
1 I P 7 1T 1 M ? 4 0,5
icruM=o
GC TC 600
201 1CC Li M = I COUNT 4 1
GC TC 600
2 [Link]) 20,/,7
7 WRIT; (6,731 1 )
7311 FCRRA112H X/)
cr Tf 20
7729 COM IMJC
6753 LY7X*L/5
I F ( I NX ( 132)) 1320,15.0,’62:
1520 L.C7L = 4
LY2X=(L-l)/44.
W R I T'r (7,5C0 )LY2X
WR I T F ( 7 , L 524 ) I AR ( , JC ) , A R ( 2 , JC ) , 4R ( j, JC I , AH ( 4 , JC ) , AR ( 5 , JC ) ,
1A R ( 1C , J C I ,JC = .,1,.1 CEL )
CC TC 7JO
1524 fCRMiT(F5.0,F4.0,Es.C,F7.0,FE.O,Fj.l,F3.0,E4.0,F5.0,F7.0,F5.0*
1F5.1)
1522 NCEL = ;
LYZX = (L-1 )/541
WR I T F ( 7,500 ) LYZ X
WRIT 7(7,6774 )( < AR( IK, JC >, IR = 1, ; ) ,JC = :.,L, NOIL)
6754 FORK>nF5.0,F‘,.0,F8.0,F7.0,F5.0,F5.0,F4.0,F5.0,F7.C,Fx.o,F5.0,
1F4.0,F£..3,F7.0,F5.C )
6752 [Link]
700 CGM I SUE
IF( I7V-N19, MB
9 I7V=I:V 41
ITEST=-10
L =0
600 X X X = XON T( IEV )
ALL = L
IFIALL-XXX120,7729,7729
20 CONTINUE
GC TC 1
8 CCNTINUE
500 F CR Y AT (13)
501 FCRMATI12F5,0)
300 FCRPAK;H0,!6HLA7Y 8 NUMBER F5.0/iH /IH /56X,4HLEFT,3X,5HUGH7
14 X , 5 F L 0 N G .,6X,4FLAT.,2X/5H T IM7,4X,4HHCLL,3X,5HPITCH ,;x,
27FFÇíCI,'iG,5X,3FALTITUDE,7X,8FA. IRSP32D,3X,3hRPMt4X,3HRPM,4X,
38HST. POS.,3X,3HST. PQG.,3X,4HTURN, 3X , 2HGS,5X,4HAL T X,5X,4HAC8L/
41H /)

368

Ik ....«.-[Link].:
AFHRL-TR-72-6

KNCCP 07/a6/
LAZVV8 - EFN SOURCE STATEMENT IFN(S) -

301. í«Rí!<T F6*1,2X,f:5*0,3X,F5,0»^x'F5*0»6x»i:7.C.5X,F5.C,2X,F5.0t2X,

,Kn1rn^0’!X,F5,1,6X,F5*l,2X,F5'0,lX’|:6*0'1X*F5-0»;îX»F<'*2)
350 F0RMAT(1H1,20X,29HCATA PRINTOUT FOR FLIGHT OF I3,lH-I3,lH-I3/
X1H / )
STOP
END

369
tî-fW« .. . ÍWr.

AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX XIV
SAMPLE OUTPUT OF LAZY 8
EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT PROGRAM

Prectdim page blank

AFHRL-TR-72-6

RECORDED VALUES1 ‘
EVENT 47 (IT-20-69)
i

TIME ROLL PITCH HEADING ALTITUDE AIRSPEED

0 0 5 360 9586 200

5 -8 22 359 9940 185

10 -26 36 358 10713 156

15 -61 34 340 11536 118

20 -90 2 308 11772 101

25 -62 -26 251 11468 132

30 -29 -21 215 10677 169

35 - 7 - 3 201 10218 197

40 0 19 201 10324 182

45 21 40 218 11030 148

50 67 41 255 11806 103

55 82 2 304 12148 88

60 48 -24 344 11772 124 ,

65 18 -17 358 10996 167

70 3 - 1 360 10465 193

j

Recorded values shown here at 5 second intervals; actual print-outs

showed values at 0.5 second intervals.

372
î
I

AFHRL-TR-72-6

rCl (ÎHT CF 11-2 0-69 ; 6VNÖ

FITCH ROLL ARSP ALIX

• 5.00
Í2V0T
- 0,
-2.80
200.00 0.
197.05 ~TT7.99
25.33 -10.23 179.60 596.00
33.00 -42.80 134.80 1517.40
25.33 -73.74 106.14 2079.19
12.67
0. "-83.75
-90.68
100.42
101.70
2175-.30
2186.00
-9.00 -88.54 105.52 2206.45
-18.00 •79.46 115.07 2158.34
-27.00 51.00 141.75 1646.00
-18.00 -23.00 176.00 914.01
-9.00
.0
15.00
-13.00
-5.50
192.00
197.86
"66>.00
596.00
-0.57 187.76 646.37
30.00 9.00 162.99 1049.37
45.00 46.67 120.67 1983.33
[Link]
30.1 78.37 92.63 2392.76
I5/0O
15, 83.00 ll*.
87.00 57.«
2557.92
81.08 88.79 2557.91
-8.33 7t .81 94.20 2515.37
•16.67 66.97 103.10 2469.79
•25.00 40.00 135.00 2051.00
•16.67 17.28 169.44 1387.86
-8.33 8.37 186.00 1099.56
2.00 2.00 195.00 ' 879.00
AFHBL-TR-72-*

FLÍGHTO F U / 2 O / 6 9 ”
ENVO *7 <4,LEFT I
AIRSPEED TCMPDTÍTÍONS
NO. ERROR
"I O. SUMÍ 1-5> * 18.00
~2 o;
3 O. SUM(1-3)» O.
4 -13.00
_ ZjTõõ SUM(3-5) * leToõ

_EXCURSION TIME RAT E_

1 100.000 19.0 5.3_
2 _100.000 17.0 5.9_
3 113.000_17.5 6.5
4 108.000 18.0 6.0

374
RESULTS OF ANALYSIS: STANDARD DEVIATION AND MEAN FOR ALL GROUPS
AFHRL-TR-72-6

Cm T' cr >c> . o on O' o c* uA rr r\i • • « •—* —< t<\ *-« o f- >r lt> a in o* o *-* >*J o cr m .-«i
. * ^ (\< •C' I1* . rv, G c >r h- nj u <n /) cr >t r^- •£• r- m no aj o a a a: Oí
r •
• i" •i» n r- >t o ui «o O' • -o to od o n r» *n .•> i 4 r- • ÍN¡
o •n cr ni o
10
LEFT-MI R

1 i fN in -« <N <M OJ fO' ¡

m «n IM IN ¡ j
GROUP

i r- O* rj X r os» in J o >|',r>r--*0^0‘0 cr o r. n o o •n c o n r -n c r* t -• <' O 4 .-« ini

K. .i in • . .. r, r- 4 4J . i. o *n m c r- . » rvj o •í* 4 o a \j o ín'u. • 4- rj o i » r- o o r- o;
* o " r i —• 4 • i - Cvj C m m 4 O .oa r> o r-. %£> •7 r- i- c o ¡4 m>: c ir m i
in *n f\» -o o m m in m in m m 4> a? it 4 .n r- <M <-• — -* r* 4 4 O O' O O' 1 ÍN ,
1 * ¡ m m mm i 1 I
T r ]""[ r" !
»o 4 X? —* r*- • O n «i«< IT ,*-4 nj *h- «t> m m cr 4 Ti l• r. r-4 ,:0.-0 cr to 1 O £> O ^ 4 O O 4 , '•I OD
r 4 o ir O' cm -r CO Csl o o ir< re in ^ .ijf- 0 o 4
-t <r rjI 4 k> o o < j o o¡'>. i'J r- ct • h-'tO o cr r-
’O
, * ^ — c *-« '’tv*. r- 7- O O- O IN O • •* 4 0 nj
ko
—4 O O » 4> cr 4)I O -4 ^(10 • I --4 r*J —4 r~i Og O'»
i «-* fO j- Oi4> •—4 r-4 r-4 r-4
RIGHT-FAIR

m;4 in»
GROUP 9

_ r-- o c r- rv r- •—* r-< >0 IN I r~ r- 4 n» o r- » c < . r -r^ h c «. r- .•» rx. r- o o ir cc n ac C r-.r*. r

< o o c o rj -« o •«. •ni4 i » O r-4 4 ,0 O /> l/’Ilf. < • S4.\ J O i'» O O', m vO O O r- i—• o ;sJ C r-«’.» r»
rj 4 ^ r .c «n j r- o. o .i o m i O.— h-.-4 O t »¡o r*.o ‘j. O • » I- »-4:4 «I o;ir m
i fsj 4 «<i i*iJ4 4 m fNÜN c i«. r-¡cN oo o 'tv** -• -4 m.r-4 h- OC, (O r-4 fN r-4 »-4 <N
I I * yi 0 -4 m-vO • I

14 0 4 o o C 41 47 C i I rn IN 4» O r-4 IN 4 4 na O, u r- O f- .«» »n t* O r. 4 T'. 4 t*\

r- r *a r c u O r f* 4 Or, O r-J r-4 ,1 O f 1-14, C •J c *-• r 1 C;C r- ; **'• •—
c •
• -O I ir ir. j IT. — r-» IT . h~ <N tu’ n 0* 00 r. o o.r- u» o m o o I r-4 ¡ r-4 IA
l/i i o* a>¡ o r«» r-4 r-4 •—# j r^ «
nj'lN CN IN
GROUP 8
LEFT-GOOD

i -O C ' '1C •'» >-« IN

Jcg oJfN i T- ouo r* . i*ua C nj r r- rsj - j cr fN m roto
O • <N 4»!lN t o 4 .?? r*. r- c o;m ic m i 4 •'» I**. «-* 4 4 h- »» <N '•’K
llu Is- n ; (- 'o uV »•4 0 Ni O -4 4 0', IN!»- ri C ü in -4 -r 4 >- m 4 ir. •O m c r- r- o
^ J- tM ^ Ul J .-í I J- IN . I a- f n i.' •i r- »^t — r-4 4 nj in O O'¡O O n. r-4 r-4 (N
í* ! ^ r- I ,

• oov£>cn-Tcnor>-'-'úvDr-mcnocN-^moocnmcs4 — <n—oo — mvocNfsivo — vovoocsiomr^vocn

0-4 cm omcncN m r-. -4 \í> 'O m -4 -4 m m r- n- 00 ininmoo en 4> cm — <n o m m 04 -4 00 — envO mineo —
RIGHT-GOOD

</> 00 -4 vo m m -4 mcMcNcncncnmoo — <n es m- co 4> meo-4-4 mineo oo o — r- — m

GROUP 7

— ni vo r^co
CN — CN CN

zenenr-^r^ — ooooo — »—NOvommm<[Link]^omoo o r-mmr-mommr^.

<<noo4):—4CN — —00'X>cNcn<Nmsocn — mmomvomoomvoooooo o — r^mvomommvo
.....
ac en — mr^m-4 m m-4 cn cn c»~. -4 00 r-. »- — 00 nd en en — m r^- *n n- so -4 <n en cn encnmmmm<nr--r^m
mcNcncN-4-4-4 mcNmmm-4 07cncnoooo m-4 — — -4 cn cn o o en en — — — cn
ti r—r—*n-4mrv »— —

JO .í' u. I\ ÍN m CN i cN.m sC n 4¡ o <11*- m ru ni cn o1 n . o r« o jo'CN .N n ri n- T) 4 O' 07 ‘N O 4

• in a o u. ». st >£)['} -• -4 a . n- o «n r-4 O ton CN CN O cr CN T CN,*ñ r- " J r, o »n 4
li»> »* lo 4 V.'*! ! .n û -4 4 o m 07 .(• « CN O!“
O 00 00 00
GROUP 6
LEFT-EXC.

O O T- O CN *-4,4 i m;>o r-4'i-< O n r- m cn m m n- «n o r- m r- m •O in in CN :n

OOO O o «n K 1 cn n- o rr in 4'm cr —4 'ti O •-•.m ir cn -4-44 O' *n

1 !¿ O jCT —r •
4 CN J-
, •
» iíi¡-4 «f. vO
I 4 (4 •n;r>
i
TO SO cn
i -n!«n *o n- I
m or
i in —4 •o m cu o* 4 «n 1^
I -'O .
r« i
l'i ——¡o
o o
»-4 —4
o Uíl —
r»
I

X r X
-J tj .«r • 7 J- cr o —•
1:
-4 Jj.’N r-4 -4 (NJ'CN CN ¡ —4
¥- I U‘ — —4
X 7* •X ^ X - X Z x<Z _j t'J IU lü ai U U.I U.I
X g- a. t a < < *- < -í k- «2 — < — 00 -i -# •-•!
i'x .. I3E >- X ue cX 41--1 “ i
! —• - 4 r-4 n, *N
X Z •<
I û. CL a 'a
vi S) m.o*7 I X X x;ï t-i
. I;I J
•1 — < - 0.0 O O ( 'i* • > -J -J < -t — 01
Z X <f «í : J£ ^

376
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

.71 £ X r .-4 '* t 'I ^ ,n .r ° I" ^ ' a) l,v ,<v U O) !ü3 ii, 'ru I- -Û u, cv ,.i y>
» • O O P**- » » «X <*X "T fM ïf> CC O O' •—* fC. r\l ft C t.'* ^ ,n rv, /o

CL_J
3 <
O
OC
CD

CL U.
3 UJ
O _J
OC
CD

o oc
oc

 to
<

sti
OC
O Ui

— <
to
û. 3
3 I
O H-
OC X
O CD

377

.... - mm..mí.—-—
 , iTUftl fV" jBlMjlH

AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX XV
SAMPLE OUTPUT OF BARREL ROLL
EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENT PROGRAM

Prociling page klink

 AFHRL-TR-72-6

üÄM£u «Jll HEASURlS

ÜÜ-ÜA-YK_Lina_il*_UIrt-RAl iNb_ _
-U 3

nú. _ aLscriii-riuN MEASURL

_i. sthMETdiri_ark.s. 1,4 AJL

2 aTRi. 2,3 1 lL .169799876431
3 HLV3* 1,2 3 lL .311)482172451
A CIKClE« HALF 1 1 46 .1461ub5üt4ul
5 HALF 2 1 19 .118687362401
o Alu 96 .9546D636L4U5
r REb. GJ^FS. ¿na CQRRi-L._ ilk -.119972132432
ö 8 ul -.140234942-31
9 < 19 -. 16967461241)0
1j a-all maneuver u-a 45 .64458 838E4 51
11 ü ww .428319532-02
12 R 15 .148041012400
-Li -,_'^lA. ¿3. -»22475600 L'EPI _
!* i J ub -.12860 u62c-02
15 j 1-4 15 -.151302022400
io 8-ROLL > 45 .R-A -2ü 35 -.2035 0 9092* 02
17 / d 5L .480714332-02
lä R U5 .536539772-01
13. _LÜrA 13 -iiXSiJfuiÄtFOl
2j ü 0ü .209707312-32
21 R j4 .402668142-01
22 r,“ « 69 .26945579E4ul
23 j Ul -.60983bll2-02
24 R 47 - 47196496240':
ZI. MA. .3....HALF,, 1, LV. -*.36pílUppwL.4í1
26 HALF 2 K •4lJbuJ00t401
27 MIN 5 2b .2w000uoÜL40u
2d ROLL AT iAX PITCH 55 . b •5500uO00t402
29 ROLL AT UN PITCH Öl Üü .810000002402
3u MAX ROi.t RATt 2 32 •2916ÒOÒ724ul
-1L MIN RQLi._RAIL i_RQl L_> 2 i_ ^Z3i iA -^2956333324 02
32 MAX RirCH RATt lu 21 .1u2C 833324 j2
33 MIN P1T5H RATE, ROlL > 2t 11 67 -.1166666 724 02
34 TIMc ALl 24 Hb .244co0Jo24C2
35 HALF 1 12 tL . 1200 0 0002432
36 HALF 2 12 4ü •I^hOuj002402

380
AFHRL-1R-72-6

APPENDIX XVI
DEBRIEFING PLOTS FOR
FOUR LAZY 8 PERFORMANCES

Preceding page blank

AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Excellent
Direction: Left

11-20-69
ENVO- «7
( KNOTS J
AIRSPEED

384
AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: txcellent
Direction: Left

11-20-69
ENVO- 47
(4 LEFT)
(DEGREES)
PITCH

ROLL (DEGREES)

385
 \

AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Excellent
Direction: Left

11-20-69
ENVO- «17

386

jlglgiyitiMiil1,

HlHIilitfMOMIÉ
AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Good
Direction: Left

o 11 18-69
-

o
ENVO- U

387
 MMH 'i'^iwrarvfiKqM I «p iüifiw '«*“ ~wii

AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Good
DIRECTION: Left

11-18-69
o ENVO- H
PITCH
AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Good
Direction: Left

11-18-69
ENVO- H

389
AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Fair
Direction: Left

12-19-69
250.00

EMVO- 65
12 LEFT)
225.00

REACHES MAX PITCH TOO RAPIDLY: FINISHES

FIRST QUARTER KITH HIGH AIRSPEED
200.00
175.00
AIRSPEED (KNOTS)
150.00
125.00
100.00

PITCH = 6
7S.00
-50.00

-1-1-,-,-,...-i-
.00 16.00 32.00 UB.00 6«.00 80.00 96.00
TIHE (SECONDS)

390
i ,

AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Fair
Direction: Left

12-19-69
ENV8- 65

391
AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Fair
Direction: Left

o
o 12-19-69

392
i*1,
•Pi®: ..» y

AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Unsatisfactory
Direction: Left

BEGINS WITH LOW AIRSPEED 12-19-69

200.00
175.00
150.00
125.00
AIRSPEED (KNOTS)
75.00 100.00
50.00
25.00

PITCH = IB

«T-—i-1 - --- --,-—. 1 T

ö-OO 16.00 32.00 V8.00 60.00 80.00 96.00
TIME (SECONDS)

393
AFHRL-TR-/2-6

LAZY 8

IP Rating: Unsatisfactory
Direction: Left

12-19-69
ENV8- 66

394
SI » !.

AFHRL-TR-72-6

LAZY 3

IP Rating: Unsat > > f ici.

Dirtction: Left

o
o 12-19-KS

OfíVi - 3« 3 J-T
—(— —
[Link] 96.00
ArhHl -Th 

7-10-70
ENV0- 15
(2 LEFT)

T.' H r-

/
/

rirt*. i

) V.

Ri.
T

-1-1-T-
24.00 32.00 U0.00 48.00
TIME

398

......
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

I;

i:'
15
7-10-70
ENVO-

399
AFHRL-TR-72-6

48.00
40.00
32.00
TIME
24.00
o in ^
!>•-•>—
i U.
O I üJ
•-« O _l

16.00
8.00
00
AFHRl-TR-72-6

7-10-70
ENVO- 15

401

UttMUÍflAÜ
 flWíiJHfí? MK*

AFHRL-TR-7Z-6

ROLL = 90
7-10-70
ENV0- 15
(2 LEFT)

ROLL = 180
ROLL = O

ROLL = -90

ROLL-PITCH PLOT

402

....... ........... ..,i;.i,.„.i, .i [Link],.ii.¡lü,iil iuijMdiUjliJUi

 töetltwm
fWWinHMMHRF

AFHRL-TR-72-6

7-10-70
ENVO- 15

403
' ut*
iwwwi»nwt!«ttws"' 'i- '

AFHRL-TR-72-6

7-10-70
ENV0- 15

404

....
b
MttttüttÉ
7-10-70
ENVO- 15

.
AFHRl-TR-72-6

6-22-70
ENVO- 16

BOLL

PITCH

RIR3P

ALT.

406

BlilUlMálttlMMatlÉIiilliili JUMMM.»
 6-22-70
ENVO- 16
13 LEFT)
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

3fn«A-¤

408

k.
AFHRL-TR-72-6

6-22-70
ENV0- 16

409
AFHRL-TR-72-6

ROLL = -90

ROLL-PITCH PLOT

410

. ... ........ .li. ,..1..,i,i,.„i»[Link],ii...ii,:..'... ... ..

 IPliÄlÄ

AFHRL-TR-72-6

6-22-70
EMVfl- 16

. ... liÉÉÉttMMttlttM
AFHRL-TR-72-6

6-22-70
1360.00

ENVO- 16
(3 LEFT)
1320.00
128C.00
1240.00
«10l
1200.00
ALTITUDE
1160.00
1120.00
1080.00
^040.00

“I-1-.-7-1-7--
.00 80.00 160.00 240.00 320.00 400.00 480.00
ROLL
 6-22-70
ENV0- 16
Í3 LEFT)
AFHRL-TR-72-6

413
3myA o
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

APPENDIX XVIII

REPRESENTATIVE BARREL ROLL PLOTS

Preceding page blank

415

h. ..... HU. .......i.

AFHRL-Tk-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

"This will be Barrel Roll No. 1, Event 36. The trouble in barrel rolls
is essentially the same troubles as we have in lazy 8's. Student enters
with the nose low, gets the proper parameters, starts his turn off,
turns back up, is through straight and level flight with bank still in.
Way too much pitch during this half of the maneuver. Not enough back
pressure, too much bank. He is not very far off the point to the other
side, rolls back up and is back to straight and level flight near his
original point; however, if the whole maneuver were shifted up, that
would be a fair maneuver."
 idjr¡pfa|jtMnBMlM*|Biiwíiiiwy^ipi^|^iif T WKÊfÊÊ ir|gp|l|Í|[!Í

'ill

AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVfl- 36

417

Ih lilÉÉiÉMiiMÉÉilk tt -..iiil
AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- 36

ROLL

PITCH

RIRSP

ALT.

418
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

? not ISmaÆth :?
------ ?«^n HSs to
roll that Is requilld 5!ï “'„í3"?' °í a(r3pee,í 1" the «te of
as a result the^ate of rollis slowíío^Sün"19»^6 a',er0" Pressures ;
the bottom of the maneuver the rato^i9 dvfn] and as we co,ne out of

”kis "rt^hrve^VîiSpjr^o«
 AFHRl-TR-72-6

12-19-69
CMVO- 59

420

Ik éImíbémíiéiimiIbiiééimB
AiHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- 59

HOLL

PITCH

flIRSP

ALT.

421

liilÉiiaiHiiwáHiiiÉMiiÉÉHieMi
I
J
!
AFHRL-TR-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

"This will be barrel roll 2, event No. 37. This one again has the
nose below the point, turns off a given distance, comes through straight
and level flight. Gets a pretty fair start of the thing, not enough
back pressure during the first part, consequently the first half of the
maneuver is flattened out; he has to roll much tod rapidly to get his
nose through at the proper attitude. He continues td roll too fast and
winds up flattening out the bottom part of the maneuver. He has basic
idea that he is flattening it out too much."

422
AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENV6- 37

423
AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- 37
 * ....
fi*[Link].. ''**w

AFHRL-TR-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

'Barrel roll 5, event No. 40. Nose below the point coming up on our
entry airspeed; In this one again you have got the real tiger flying the
airplane. Basically a little too aggressive with it. He Is prettv
smooth with the controls. But he flies a very t1ght( very aggressive
barrel roll which 1s fine as far as aggressiveness goes but It does not
quite look like a barrel roll 1s supposed to look, and that would be a
fair maneuver."
AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- UO

426
AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- 40
Í2 RIGHT)

ROLL

PITCH

flIRSP

ALT.

427
AFHkL-T¡}-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

"Nose below the point [Link], turns off much too far, back through
not in straight and level flight, essentially winds up flying a loop
around his point. The nose is much too far off the point; a little
bit of burble on the top and we are back up. However we are about 60
or 70° off our point, and that would be an unsatisfactory maneuver also."
AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- m
*
0-1
O)
(1 LEFT)

'[Link] 10.00 80.00 120.00 160.00

flBS-ROLL

429
AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- 41

ROLL

PITCH

flIRSP

ALT.

430
AFHRL-TR-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

Turn bädc arourci to the west. This will be barrel roll No. 9, event
no. b¿. This is the student who makes a reasonably good entry for the
ï?nrnîir;„it?° S nose around his P°int* turns off, and then starts
to roll initially with way too much back pressure and then just rolls
easing up on the back pressure. As a result the nose never quite gets
back to the horizon at all and you wind up at the original entry point.
However, you have never descended at all and never made the lower part
of the maneuver look anything like it's supposed to look. That would
have been an unsatisfactory."

431
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENV6- 62

432

i
liiiilllltl'lllilllllll'[Link]...I.I im III II I ! Imi i m .... .. ., . .,.. .....
 ÍÍiiHÍill 'f' mugiwii frftt -  'TI'" V «fil" »•SI*!

AFHRL-TR-72-6.

12-19-69
ENVO- 62

ROLL

PITCH

flIRSP

ALT.
AFHRL-TR-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

OÄ turn

S£’£F^r*^-
 afhrl-tr- 72-6

12-19-69
EMVO- 55

ROLL

PITCH

flIHSP

ALT.

436

k. MÜttÜM
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

b?re1 ru11 No- 5’ event 57- Nüse below the point, off
This time he rolls much too fast to start with. He is flattening out
íbouta£sUfaí
about as far «Cit
as it ^«mÏShhaCr°îiS the t0p-in here
should be, however, The he
noseis isnotoffrolthe?ar side
lino off
cons deÎatî beThiah^nJi* °Ut °f 10 CaSeS' he wil1 wind UP “hat we
unsatisfactory." P d C'Ve recovery- That woold have been

437

"'"iilWi

H MiililMiM
 12-13-69
fcNVe- 57
ir LEFT)

- —y.. J
no (11/, 00 130.00 160.00
-i-—-
200.00 240.00
nes-ROLL

438
 HT» -W ....».. Ni -
WiMPH jlippifppiPSiftir

AFHRL-TR-72-6

J
 12-19-39
ENVO- 57

ROLL

PITCH

AIRSP 200>.

ALT.

fl,
i;

439

...... IjuayaUM, ÉMMüiiLkii ... ^

AFHRL-TR-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

"The barrel roll is much easier to mess up on the entry than even this
one is. This one will be barrel roll 10, event 69. Driving around
he wants to do a barrel roll, again they just make up their mind. The
airspeed is already 230 knots as a maximum entry airspeed. They pick
out their point, lower the nose below the point. The airspeed is
already 240. Then they lower the nose, start to ao the maneuver,
come up with much too much airspeed, 250, 260, 270, they worry about
the airspeed, getting the nose way up too high. Generally disorganized.
That would have been an unsatisfactory."

440
AFHRL-TR-72-6

o 12-19-69
o
ENVO- 69
fl RIGHT)

o
o

441
AFHRl-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- 69

POLL

PITCH

nifisp

ALT.

442
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

(PILOT'S COMMENTS)

"The most common tendency on the barrel roll for an unsatisfactory

maneuver is what we are about to do, barre1 roll No. 8, event No. 61
and that is flattening out across the top like we have shown before,
with the rate of roll a little too slow in the second quadrant, winding
up coming through the ucnzon with bank still and the nose coming much
too low. Winding up with essentially a high speed dive recovery.
And I am getting myself into an area, headingwise, that I should not
be in on those.

443
À"
 AFHRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- 61
il RIGHT)

40.00 80.00 120.00 160.00 200.00 240

RBS-ROLL

444

hi
AFMRL-TR-72-6

12-19-69
ENVO- 61

ROLL

PITCH

MRSP

ALT.
 REFERENCES

Glaser, R., and Klaus, D. J., "Proficiency Measurement: Assessing

Human Performance," (R. Gagne, Ed.), Psychological Principles in
Systems Development, New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 419-
476 W3).

Brown Operation and Maintenance Manual For Pulse Code Modulation

Data Acquisition System. Brown Engineering Company, Inc.,
Huntsville, Alabama.

Connelly, E. M., Schuler, A. R., Bourne, F. J., and Knoop, P. A.

Application of Adaptive ^thematical Models to a T-37 Pilot
Performance Measurement Problem. AFHRL-YR-70-45. Air Eorce Human
Resources Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio (1971).

Air Training Command, 1967. Primary ^ying. Jet, ATC Manual 51-4,
Headquarters Air Training Command, Randolph AFB, Texas (1967).

Connelly, E. M., Schuler, A. R., and Knoop, P. A., 1969. Study of

Adaptive Mathematical Models for Deriving Automated Pilot
Performance Measurement Techniques, AFHRL-TR-69-7, Volumes I and
TÍVÃPHRL, wfrAFïï
, öhib (1969) —
Smith, J., FI exman, R., and Houston, R., Dec 1952. Development of
an Objective Method of Recording Flight Performance, technical
Report 52-15, Human Resources Research Center, Air ng
frai ni
Command, Lackland AFB, Texas (Dec 1952).