Global Sociocultural Studies

From the onset of the conflict in Eastern Ukraine in 2014, significant damage has been wrought to the public health infrastructure of the Donbas region. To date however, the full extent of that damage which is substantial, has not been documented: attribution of blame for that damage has not been attempted; and the implications for the region's residents in terms of access to clinics and hospitals has been difficult to assess. This paper presents a spatial database of damaged facilities and relates that to the fighting to assess whether the damage incurred was collateral or targeted. The concept of state capacity is used to frame a discussion of what the consequences are for those residents remaining and for the challenges this crisis presents to the legitimacy of the Ukrainian government.

The Government of the District of Columbia has certified an amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of the National Council for Soviet and East European Research changing the name of the Corporation to THE NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR EURASIAN AND EAST EUROPEAN RESEARCH, effective on June 9, 1997. Grants, contracts and all other legal engagements of and with the Corporation made under its former name are unaffected and remain in force unless/until modified in writing by the parties thereto.

If any person could rightly be said to be the "dean" of geographic studies of the Soviet Union in the United States, that person would be Chauncy Dennison Harris. Retired as the Samuel N. Harper Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago, Chauncy died on 26 December 2003 at his home in the Hyde Park neighborhood of that city. He is survived by his wife of many years, Edith, a daughter, Margaret, and many other relatives. His contributions to Russian and Soviet studies and to the discipline of geography were both wide and deep, and he was a great friend and a mentor to many. Chauncy Harris was born in Logan, Utah, and spent his youth in that state, the son of a distinguished professor of agronomy at the institution that became Utah State University who was later president of Brigham Young University. After graduation from BYU (as valedictorian) in 1933 and a brief stay at the University of Chicago, the young Harris went to Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar for a second BA and then on to the London School of Economics for an MA. Returning to Chicago to pursue the PhD, Chauncy took up the study of urban geography, that branch of the discipline in which he would make his mark. His huge contributions to that field have been eloquently described elsewhere as including not only his extensive research record but also his sponsorship of younger scholars, both having been defining aspects of his career (

Vols. 1-89. [Gubemiyas and Oblasts of the Russian Empire] General Summaries for the Empire of the Results of Tabulation of Data of the First General Census of Population. Two volumes Distribution of the Population by Type of Chief Occupation and Age Group, for Individual Regions. Table 20. Four volumes Number and Social Composition of Workers in Russia according to the First General Census of Population of the Russian Empire , 1897. Two volumes 199 First General Census of the Population of the Russian Empire , 1897. Short Summaries 200 Number 1.

The sudden onset of COVID-19 has challenged many social scientists to proceed without a robust theoretical and empirical foundation upon which to build. Addressing this challenge, particularly as it pertains to Eurasia, our multinational group of scholars draws on past and ongoing research to suggest a roadmap for a new pandemic politics research subfield. Key research questions include not only how states are responding to the new coronavirus, but also reciprocal interactions between the pandemic and society, political economy, regime type, center-periphery relations, and international security. The Foucauldian concept of "biopolitics" holds out particular promise as a theoretical framework.

Many of the problems associated with the use of Russian and Soviet census data, as described in later chapters in this volume, derive from the historical and political context in which the different enumerations were conducted and the state of the art of census-taking at those times. Although the earlier enumerations were less technically sophisticated and less accurate than more recent ones, the availability of published figures has been increasingly curtailed in those censuses taken just before and after World War II. The following chronological review of census-taking procedures in Russia and the USSR addresses issues such as the organization of the census-taking apparatus; the conducting of individual censuses; the completeness of the count; and some of the methodologi cal, statistical , and political difficulties involved in presenting the results. Analysis of results , instructions to census takers , definitional issues, and questionnaire comparisons will be dealt with here in an overall sense; the individual chapters that follow discuss these topics in more detail as they relate to the utilization of various categories of census data. In addition to works cited in this chapter, the reader may want to consult the excellent bibliographies in Lorimer (1946) and Dubester (1969). Prerevolutionary Population Counts Historical Background The earliest censuses, in Russia and throughout Europe , were conducted by feudal principalities primarily to determine the population eligible for taxation or military service and , therefore , typically left out women and children. Population counts were taken for taxation purposes in the lands of Novgorod and Kievan Rus as far back as the eighth century. Later,

Occupations constitute a classification of actlv1ties of individuals which result in the production of economic goods and services. The term "occupations" is commonly distinguished from "industries ," defined as a "classification of the activities of organizations" involved in such production (Stinchcombe, 1983: 108). Throughout the world , occupation is a critical determinant of an individual 's social status. In preindustrial societies, occupation alone was probably a precise indicator of "dress, recreation, manners , patterns of association, speech, educational level ,

Since the conquest of the area now known as Soviet Central Asia and Kazakhstan l by Russian troops during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and the incorporation of the several major nationalities indigenous to that territory into the tsarist empire, a series of dramatic political, economic and social changes have occurred in the region. The purpose of this paper will be to describe and explain the historical demographic and socioeconomic trends in Central Asia and Kazakhstan since the late nineteenth century, and to assess the benefits which have accrued to the Central Asians and Kazakhs as a result of the modernization of their homelands and their membership in the multinational Soviet federation. The approach will be to examine the impact of Russian and Soviet rule in Central Asia and Kazakhstan within the framework of the concept of ethnic stratification. Ethnic stratification refers to the hierarchical ranking of nationalities along socioeconomic lines which seems to be a universal characteristic of countries which include more than one ethnic group which, incidentally, means most countries. 2 In this sense it is important to note that this approach explicitly assumes that the ethnic situation in the Soviet Union can be understood by reference to general concepts which seem to be valid for all multinational cases;

This article examines a new set of policies embraced by indigenous leaders in the Upper Napo region of the Ecuadorian Amazon, driven, in part, by a growing appreciation for "wilderness"-large areas where humans exercise a very light touch. In the past few years, leaders have pursued wilderness conservation initiatives while simultaneously promoting petroleum extraction in their own backyards. Both political positions run counter to those pursued in previous decades, when opposition to both oil development and strict forms of conservation within their territory was strong. To address this reversal, I trace some of the development interventions and North-South collaborations that have contributed to the emergence of "nature" as a meaningful imaginary for Amazonian indigenous leaders and for a new generation of young people, drawing connections to William Cronon's critical analysis of how wilderness conservation became a priority in the United States. I conclude that more than two decades of conservationist interventions in the Upper Napo region have led to some largely unintended consequences, as Amazonian leaders increasingly subscribe to Northern environmentalists' romanticization of "the Amazon" as a wild place, one that therefore must be distant from the places where they work and live.

How should society value resources that are not goods or services in the marketplace, but rather what economists used to call “free gifts of Nature”? Some natural processes have obvious economic significance: a free flowing river may provide habitat for commercially valuable species such as fish, shellfish or wildfowl. Less obvious, but