Shallow water anthozoans, the major builders of modern coral reefs, enhance their metabolic and c... more Shallow water anthozoans, the major builders of modern coral reefs, enhance their metabolic and calcification rates with algal symbionts. Controversy exists over whether these anthozoan-algae associations are flexible over the lifetimes of individual hosts, promoting acclimative plasticity, or are closely linked, such that hosts and symbionts co-evolve across generations. Given the diversity of algal symbionts and the morphological plasticity of many host species, cryptic variation within either partner could potentially confound studies of anthozoan-algal associations. Here, we used ribosomal, organelle and nuclear sequences, along with microsatellite variation, to study the relationship between lineages of a common Caribbean gorgonian and its algal symbionts. The gorgonian Eunicea flexuosa is a broadcast spawner, composed of two recently diverged, genetically distinct lineages largely segregated by depth. We sampled colonies of the two lineages across depth gradients at three Caribbean locations. We find that each host lineage is associated with a unique Symbiodinium B1/184 phylotype. This relationship between host and symbiont is maintained when host colonies are reciprocally transplanted, although cases of within phylotype switching were also observed. Even when the phylotypes of both partners are present at intermediate depths, the specificity between host and symbiont lineages remained absolute. Unrecognized cryptic diversity may mask host-symbiont specificity and change the inference of evolutionary processes in mutualistic associations. Symbiotic specificity thus likely contributes to the ecological divergence of the two partners, generating species diversity within coral reefs.
has been a major limitation in genetic improvement of this important economic fish. Hence, we con... more has been a major limitation in genetic improvement of this important economic fish. Hence, we constructed a repeat-enriched genomic library from P. lethostigma. A total of 39 new microsatellites were identified, for which 33 primer pairs were designed. After validating and scoring, 10 of these loci were polymorphic in a test population with the range of alleles from two to nine per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.2500 to 0.9000 and from 0.4469 to 0.8514, respectively. These polymorphic microsatellites will be useful for genetic diversity analysis and linkage map construction for P. lethostigma.
Hijo de una familia acomodada, Jorge Luis Borges nació en Buenos Aires el 24 de agosto de 1899 y ... more Hijo de una familia acomodada, Jorge Luis Borges nació en Buenos Aires el 24 de agosto de 1899 y murió en Ginebra, una de sus ciudades amadas, en 1986. Vivió, desde pequeño, rodeado de libros; y, entre 1914 y 1921, y más tarde en 1923, viajó a Europa, lo que le puso en contacto con las vanguardias del momento, a cuya estética se adhirió, especialmente al ultraísmo. En la primera mitad de esa década dirigió las revistas Prisma y Proa. Poeta, narrador y autor de ensayos personalísimos, ganó el premio Cervantes en 1980 y fue un eterno candidato al Nobel, ingresando en la ilustre nómina de quienes, como Proust, Kafka o Joyce, no lo consiguieron. Pero, como ellos, Borges pertenece por derecho propio al patrimonio cultural de la humanidad, y así está reconocido internacionalmente.
Shallow water anthozoans, the major builders of modern coral reefs, enhance their metabolic and c... more Shallow water anthozoans, the major builders of modern coral reefs, enhance their metabolic and calcification rates with algal symbionts. Controversy exists over whether these anthozoan-algae associations are flexible over the lifetimes of individual hosts, promoting acclimative plasticity, or are closely linked, such that hosts and symbionts co-evolve across generations. Given the diversity of algal symbionts and the morphological plasticity of many host species, cryptic variation within either partner could potentially confound studies of anthozoan-algal associations. Here, we used ribosomal, organelle and nuclear sequences, along with microsatellite variation, to study the relationship between lineages of a common Caribbean gorgonian and its algal symbionts. The gorgonian Eunicea flexuosa is a broadcast spawner, composed of two recently diverged, genetically distinct lineages largely segregated by depth. We sampled colonies of the two lineages across depth gradients at three Caribbean locations. We find that each host lineage is associated with a unique Symbiodinium B1/184 phylotype. This relationship between host and symbiont is maintained when host colonies are reciprocally transplanted, although cases of within phylotype switching were also observed. Even when the phylotypes of both partners are present at intermediate depths, the specificity between host and symbiont lineages remained absolute. Unrecognized cryptic diversity may mask host-symbiont specificity and change the inference of evolutionary processes in mutualistic associations. Symbiotic specificity thus likely contributes to the ecological divergence of the two partners, generating species diversity within coral reefs.
has been a major limitation in genetic improvement of this important economic fish. Hence, we con... more has been a major limitation in genetic improvement of this important economic fish. Hence, we constructed a repeat-enriched genomic library from P. lethostigma. A total of 39 new microsatellites were identified, for which 33 primer pairs were designed. After validating and scoring, 10 of these loci were polymorphic in a test population with the range of alleles from two to nine per locus. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.2500 to 0.9000 and from 0.4469 to 0.8514, respectively. These polymorphic microsatellites will be useful for genetic diversity analysis and linkage map construction for P. lethostigma.
Hijo de una familia acomodada, Jorge Luis Borges nació en Buenos Aires el 24 de agosto de 1899 y ... more Hijo de una familia acomodada, Jorge Luis Borges nació en Buenos Aires el 24 de agosto de 1899 y murió en Ginebra, una de sus ciudades amadas, en 1986. Vivió, desde pequeño, rodeado de libros; y, entre 1914 y 1921, y más tarde en 1923, viajó a Europa, lo que le puso en contacto con las vanguardias del momento, a cuya estética se adhirió, especialmente al ultraísmo. En la primera mitad de esa década dirigió las revistas Prisma y Proa. Poeta, narrador y autor de ensayos personalísimos, ganó el premio Cervantes en 1980 y fue un eterno candidato al Nobel, ingresando en la ilustre nómina de quienes, como Proust, Kafka o Joyce, no lo consiguieron. Pero, como ellos, Borges pertenece por derecho propio al patrimonio cultural de la humanidad, y así está reconocido internacionalmente.
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