Papers by MUHAMMAD THOHAWI ELZIYAD PURNAMA
Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 2020
Active compounds of natural ingredients need to be extensively explored to determine their proper... more Active compounds of natural ingredients need to be extensively explored to determine their properties. Capsicum annum Linn is widely grown in southern Asia and Southeast Asia. This study aimed to determine the levels of capsaicin in C. annum L. ethanolic extract. A total of 300 g C. annum L. analyzed in the form of powder and extract solution. This study analysis performed thin layer chromatography (TLC) method to separate the adsorption on the adsorbent thin layer. The ethanol used as a solvent to extract capsaicin. The result showed that the capsaicin levels were found in the powder of 0.36% and extract solution of 1.84%. The linear regression equation was y= 9.4571x + 546.67, with R²= 0.9983, the capsaicin standard of 1020 µg/ml. It can be concluded that the extract solution of C. annum L. had a greater capsaicin level than in the powder form.
Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 2020
Aim: This study aimed to produce compatible biosecurity audit instrument and also to find out the... more Aim: This study aimed to produce compatible biosecurity audit instrument and also to find out the expedience level of biosecurity application of small scale chicken abattoir in Sidoarjo, East Java, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Method used was survey in small scale chicken abattoir with quantity of respondents as many as 10 respondents existing in Sidoarjo. Data collection in this research used procedure of questionnaire technique, documentation technique and interview technique. Analysis used involved reability test and multi dimension scaling. Results: Measurement instrument of biosecurity application can be applied with result of small scale chicken abattoir in Sidoarjo with score of 2.362 obtaining sufficient predicate. Application of biosecurity aspect in small scale chicken abattoir involved aspect of raw material, handling and processing, aspect of main building construction, aspect of facility, aspect of personal hygiene and aspect of sanitation. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study that the measurement instrument of biosecurity application was compatible to be applied for small scale chicken abattoir in several aspects, involves fresh product storage, cooling implementation and processing room separation.
Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 2020
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of flunixin, ketoprofen and phenylbutazone on serum bio... more This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of flunixin, ketoprofen and phenylbutazone on serum biochemistry, plasma catecholamines and serum cortisol in Delman horses with mild colic. During the study period, 32 horses were evaluated due to mild colic. Flunixin, ketoprofen, and phenylbutazone were administered intravenously at the recommended dose rates of 1.0; 2.2 and 4.4 mg/kg, respectively. Administration of the NSAIDs commenced on Day 1 and continued every 12 h for 12 days. Blood samples collected between days 2, 5, 9 and 13 to evaluate AST, ALP, GGT, creatinine, urea, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol level. The data analysis performed using Multivariate analysis of variance (Manova) followed by Duncan multiple range test. The results showed a significant alleviation in all observed variables on Day 13, although the use of various NSAIDs showed no significant difference.
Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 2020
Active compounds of natural ingredients need to be extensively explored to get their properties. ... more Active compounds of natural ingredients need to be extensively explored to get their properties. Sauropus androgynous is widely grown in southern Asia and Southeast Asia. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of S. androgynous profiles, pharmacological compound and their phytopharmacological activity. The method used to collect literature is the Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar search engines with keywords. The active compounds of S. androgynous which can be detected i.e.sauroposide and some secondary metabolites i.e. alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, glycosides, and some vitamins i.e. carotenoids, thiamine, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol. Many studies showed that S. androgynous has efficacy as an antioxidant, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antibacterial, cytotoxicity, aphrodisiac, lactation enhancer, antidiabetic and hypoglycaemic, anti-cholesterol, and wound healing activity. Further research needs to be done to make pharmaceutical preparations in the form of patent drugs with appropriate therapeutic doses.
Jurnal Medik Veteriner, 2020
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pertumbuhan dan osteometri serta untuk me... more Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pertumbuhan dan osteometri serta untuk mengetahui titik osteometri tulang sayap ayam broiler strain Lohmann. Pengukuran tulang sayap dilakukan dengan mengukur panjang, lebar, keliling dan barat tulang dengan menggunakan jangka sorong dengan ketelitian 0,05 mm. Hasil penelitian pola pertumbuhan ayam broiler strain Lohmann tulang sayap pada umur 7, 21 dan 35 hari, diperoleh hasil yang signifikan (p<0.05) terhadap nilai rata-rata panjang, lebar (proximal, corpus dan distal), keliling (proximal, corpus dan distal) dan berat pada os scapula, os coracoid dan os clavicula dan tulang-tulang alat penyusun gerak bebas yang terdiri dari os humerus, os radius, os ulna, os metacarpal I, os metacarpal II, os metacarpal III, ossa digiti I, ossa digiti II dexter phalang I dan Phalang II, ossa digiti II sinister Phalang I dan Phalang II serta os digiti III. Data di analisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) selanjutnya diuji menggunakan uji Post Hoc Duncan. Ayam broiler strain Lohmann memiliki titik pertumbuhan maksimum saat berumur 21 hari yang ditunjukkan dengan terlihat ada titik optimal dan di lanjutkan dengan pertumbuhan yang melambat. Pada titik ini memicu pembentukan daging pada ayam broiler strain Lohmann sebelum ayam mencapai batas pertumbuhan.
Jurnal Medik Veteriner, 2020
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi gliserol yang optimal dalam pengencer tris ... more Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi gliserol yang optimal dalam pengencer tris dalam mempertahankan kualitas spermatozoa kambing Sapera. Penelitian ini menggunakan kambing Sapera jantan umur 1.5 tahun. Konsentrasi gliserol yang digunakan adalah 5%, 6% dan 7%. Semen ditampung dua kali dalam seminggu dengan menggunakan vagina buatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata persentase motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa pada pengencer dengan gliserol 6% masing-masing 62.33% dan 75.83% terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0.05) dibandingkan pada pengencer dengan gliserol 5% masing-masing 57.67% dan 68.33% dan 7% masing-masing 59% dan 70.33%. Rata-rata abnormalitas pada pengencer dengan gliserol 5%, 6% dan 7% masing-masing 8%, 7.5% dan 7.67% tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0.05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan gliserol 6% dalam pengencer Tris berhasil melindungi spermatozoa dari cekaman dingin selama proses gliserolisasi, sehingga dapat mempertahankan motilitas, vibilitas dan abnormalitas spermatozoa.
Jurnal Medik Veteriner, 2020
Biawak air berjenis kelamin betina, berusia tiga bulan dengan berat badan 1.2 kg diambil dari sua... more Biawak air berjenis kelamin betina, berusia tiga bulan dengan berat badan 1.2 kg diambil dari suatu penangkaran, mengalami kelumpuhan selama tiga hari dan didiagnosa menderita metabolic bone disease. Eutanasia dan nekropsi dilakukan untuk mengamati gambar mikroskopis dari jaringan tulang. Sampel tulang diambil dari tujuh tulang ekstremitas yaitu os scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, dan fibula. Pengamatan mikroskopis menunjukkan aktivitas sel osteoklas yang berlebihan dalam jaringan kompak, jaringan tulang rawan abnormal berada di antara jaringan tulang kompak dewasa, serta beberapa jaringan tulang rawan yang mengandung jaringan lemak. Hal ini menyebabkan tulang kompak kehilangan kepadatan tulang dan membuat struktur tulang biawak air menjadi sulit untuk regenerasi dengan baik sehingga pertumbuhan tulang pada biawak air menjadi terhambat. Hal ini menyebabkan biawak air kesulitan untuk berjalan atau mengalami kelumpuhan. Pemeriksaan kalsium dan fosfor dalam darah ditemukan ketidakseimbangan.
Bantara Journal of Animal Science , 2020
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that occurs globally. Leptospires are transmitted through the... more Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease that occurs globally. Leptospires are transmitted through the urine of infected mice, through injured skin or mucosal invasion. Infection can occur through direct contact or through contact with contaminated water or soil. This qualitative research uses a combination of epidemiological studies with a case study approach. Rat urine metabolism samples will be tested by testing the base pair chain through the Polymerase Chain Reaction method for leptospirosis. Electrophoresis results showed 5% percent of positive samples with 330 bp. The conclusion of this study, the molecular identification of leptospirosis from rat urine using the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique are found positive results so prevention is needed to control the distribution of pathogenic leptospirosis bacteria. Urban rats (Rattus rattus) in leptospirosis transmission are considered as the most important leptospira reservoir, because high population densities of this species can cause an increase in the spread of leptospirosis.
Jurnal Medik Veteriner, 2020
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi adanya jamur pada sarang semi alami penyu leka... more Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi adanya jamur pada sarang semi alami penyu lekang di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri Banyuwangi. Sebanyak 1 gram pasir pada 22 sarang penyu hijau digunakan sebagai sampel. Isolasi dan identifikasi dilakukan dengan pengamatan ka rakteristik makroskopis dari pertumbuhan koloni dan karakteristik mikroskopis dengan pewarnaan lactophenol cotton blue. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebanyak 3 sampel (13.6%) negatif dan 19 sampel (83.4%) positif terhadap pertumbuhan jamur. Beberapa jenis jamur yang telah ditemukan antara lain Aspergillus sp., Cunninghamella sp., Fusarium sp. dan Trichoderma sp.
Jurnal Medik Veteriner, 2020
Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh paparan uap rokok elektrik terhadap gambaran ... more Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh paparan uap rokok elektrik terhadap gambaran histopatologi organ pulmo. Tikus putih yang digunakan sebanyak 20 ekor yang terbagi menjadi 5 kelompok, kontrol (K) adalah yang tidak diberikan paparan uap rokok elektrik dan kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan paparan uap dengan dosis yang berbeda, kelompok Perlakuan I (0,3 mg/ml), P2 (3 mg/ml), P3 (12 mg/ml), P4 (36 mg/ml). Setelah 14 hari perlakuan, tikus putih dieuthanasia dan dinekropsi serta organ pulmo diawetkan untuk dilakukan pembuatan preparat histopatologi dengan menggunakan pewarnaan Hematoxilin-Eosin. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat kerusakan pada gambaran histopatologi pulmo yang diamati pada perbesaran 400x. analisis data menggunakan Kruskal-Wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0.05). Rata-rata kerusakan organ pulmo tikus putih adalah kontrol (K)=3.00; (P1)=6.00; (P2)=12.00; (P3)=13.00 dan (P4)= 18.50 dan dosis minimal dari nikotin adalah 3 mg/ml. Kesimpulan, paparan uap rokok elektrik dapat menyebabkan kerusakan yang signifikan pada organ pulmo tikus putih.
Jurnal Medik Veteriner, 2020
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeteksi titer antibodi ND pada itik di Desa Temuasri Kecamatan Sem... more Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeteksi titer antibodi ND pada itik di Desa Temuasri Kecamatan Sempu Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Deteksi antibodi ND diperiksa dengan uji Hemaglutinasi (HA) dan Hambatan Hemaglutinasi (HI). Penelitian menggunakan desain penelitian non-eksperimental dengan metode survei deskriptif. Kegiatan penelitian ini mengambil 72 sampel darah itik di Desa Temuasri Kecamatan Sempu Kabupaten Banyuwangi dengan metode cross-sectional. Serum dipisahkan dari bekuan darah, kemudian serum dipindahkan ke dalam microtube. Sebelum melakukan uji HA dan uji HI, sampel harus diberi perlakuan dengan menggunakan Red Blood Cell (RBC) 100% dan diinaktifasi ke dalam waterbath pada 56 o C selama 30 menit, tujuannya untuk menghilangkan aglutinin non-spesifik dan menonaktifkan reaksi non-spesifik serum. Uji HI positif ketika menunjukkan pengendapan eritrosit berbentuk titik pada dasar sumuran micoplate. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan 20 (27.77%) dari 72 sampel positif ND.
Indian Veterinary Journal, 2020
This study aimed to examine the aluminosili-cates to eliminate zearalenone on the expression of c... more This study aimed to examine the aluminosili-cates to eliminate zearalenone on the expression of cytochrome-c and caspase-3 in mice uterine glands. We used 20 mice balb/c strain and randomly divided into 5 groups. Negative control (C-) weren't treated neither with zearalenone nor aluminosilicates, positive control (C+) were treated with 0.1 mg/mice/day Zearalenone, T1; T2; and T3 were treated with a dose of 0.1 mg/ mice/day zearalenone and (0.5; 1; 2) mg/mice/ day aluminosilicates, respectively. The data analyzed by ANOVA then followed by Duncan test. The cytochrome-c and caspase-3 expression were not different between C+ and T3 groups. It can be concluded that dose of 2 mg/mice/day aluminosilicates decreased the zearalenone intoxication.
IOP Publishing, 2020
This study aimed to measure oxidative stress parameters during pig slaughter preparation. This st... more This study aimed to measure oxidative stress parameters during pig slaughter preparation. This study used 60 landrace pigs that were taken the serum and saliva samples under conditions before stunned (T1), after stunned (T2) and after slaughtered (T3). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were also evaluated. The serum was taken through the jugular vein with vacutainer. Saliva was taken with a salivate tube. Serum and saliva were tested using the Cortisol ELISA immunoassay method. The level of SOD, MDA and GPx were analyzed through serum concentration. The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) in T2 and increased significantly (p<0.05) in T3. The SOD levels showed the opposite results with MDA and GPx. The SOD levels decrease after stunning and increase after slaughter, vice versa. It can be concluded that there were significant differences in serum and salivary cortisol of pigs taken before stunned, after stunned and after slaughtered. The level of SOD, MDA and GPx could be a reference for oxidative stress parameters during handling and restraint in pig slaughter.
IOP Publishing, 2020
This study aimed to determine the antiproliferation effect of Glycine max Linn ethanolic extract ... more This study aimed to determine the antiproliferation effect of Glycine max Linn ethanolic extract on Sprague Dawley albino rats induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(á)anthracene (DMBA) on the mammary gland. This study used 20 albino rats then divided into five treatment groups, i.e., positive control (C+) induced DMBA; negative control (C-) none treatment; Treatment groups (T1; T2; T3) induced DMBA then followed extract dose (5; 10; 20 mg/day). DMBA induction was given every two days for 20 days subcutaneously. Administration of Glycine max Linn extract was given peroral for 14 days. It can be concluded that Glycine max Linn ethanolic extract inhibits the proliferation cell in mammary gland carcinoma in albino rats revealed on aspect hyperchromatization, tubular formation, and shape of the nuclei.
Veterinary World, 2019
This study was conducted to examine the tadpole's serum activity (Rana catesbeiana) in caspase-3 ... more This study was conducted to examine the tadpole's serum activity (Rana catesbeiana) in caspase-3 as a marker of the role of apoptosis and total cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) in albino rats' epithelial cells induced by neoplasia. Tadpole serum contains thyroxine hormone that may cause the metamorphosis process and control cell proliferation. Male rats were induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz (α)anthracene (DMBA) 20 mg/rats twice every week over 5 weeks to stimulate skin neoplasia. Tadpole serum injected intracutaneously after neoplasia is known. The negative control group (C−) was not exposed to DMBA and tadpole serum, while the positive control group (C+) was exposed to DMBA. Treatment groups (T1, T2, and T3) were exposed DMBA and tadpole serum 100%, 75%, and 25%/rat/ day, respectively. Samples of skin organ were be made preparations immunohistochemistry interacted with caspase-3 and CTL antibody as the marker. Based on the result, immunohistochemistry from skin neoplasia and given therapy of tadpole serum show that Treatment 1 was the highest caspase-3 and CTL expression. The result of caspase-3 expression in C−, C+, T1, T2, and T3 was 0.00 c ±0.000, 0.70 bc ±0.141, 2.00 a ±0.283, 1.10 b ±0.424, and 1.15 b ±0.495, respectively. The result of CTL expression in C−, C+, T1, T2, and T3 was 0.10 d ±0.200, 1.00 c ±0.230, 2.10 a ±0.529, 1.70 ab ±0.258, and 1.35 bc ±0.443, respectively. It can be concluded from the study that tadpole serum (R. catesbeiana) 100% concentration can increase caspase-3 and total CTL in albino rats' epithelial cells induced by neoplasia.
Indian Veterinary Journal, 2019
A total of 80 serum and saliva samples of cattle were taken under conditions before transportatio... more A total of 80 serum and saliva samples of cattle were taken under conditions before transportation (T1), after transportation (T2), rest period (T3), after stunning (T4) and after slaughtered (T5). Serum and saliva tested using the Cortisol ELISA immunoassay method. The remaining serum was used to measure Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) level. Areas of the brain i.e. the hypothalamus, hippocampus, brain stem, and cerebellum were tested for Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and mitochondrial metabolic activity. The results showed signicant differences (p<0.05) during the transportation until slaughtered. The prole of brain metabolism shown after the slaughter.
Indian Veterinary Journal, 2019
The purpose of this study was to compare the detection of Salmonella in chicken meat from traditi... more The purpose of this study was to compare the detection of Salmonella in chicken meat from traditional market Surabaya using immunomagnetic separation and conventional methods. Total of 12 samples each from chicken meat were isolated from ve traditional market in Surabaya. There are Keputran, Wonokromo, Gubeng, Wiyung and Pabean. Each sample was tested by immunomagnetic separation and conventional methods. The results showed that the immunomagnetic separation methods positive for Salmonella (35%), higher than the conventional methods (18,3%).
Jurnal Veteriner, 2019
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona mu... more Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dengan metode cakram (disc) difusi. Diameter zona hambat yang didapat dianalisis dengan uji sidik ragam dan diikuti uji Duncan untuk menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda sangat nyata (p<0,01). Zona hambat yang terbentuk pada kontrol negatif (K-) adalah 0,00e±0,00 dan kontrol positif (K+) adalah 31,31a±0,57. Hasil dari perlakuan 1 (P1) 14,49b±4,96; perlakuan 2 (P2) 8,98c±1,29; perlakuan 3 (P3) 5,84cd±1,85; perlakuan 4 (P4) 5,56cd±1,58; perlakuan 5 (P5) 2,85de±0,28; perlakuan 6 (P6) 2,98de±0,53; perlakuan 7 (P7) 2,82de±1,59; perlakuan 8 (P8) 2,41de±1,10; perlakuan 9 (P9) 2,20de±0,34; perlakuan 10 (P10) 1,10e±0,19; dan perlakuan 11 (P11) 0,00e±0,00. Peningkatan konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirsak menunjukkan adanya peningkatan diameter zona hambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Hal tersebut berarti bahwa ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri untuk menghambat pertumbuhan P. aeruginosa dengan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM) sebesar 125 ppm.
Indian Veterinary Journal, 2019
This study used 20 albino rats divided into ve treatments i.e., negative control group (C-) not ... more This study used 20 albino rats divided into ve treatments i.e., negative control group (C-) not exposed to heat stroke and acupuncture and positive control group (C+) exposed to heat stroke. Treatment groups (T1, T2, T3) were exposed to heat stroke and for 5; 10; 20 seconds/day followed by acupuncture. The testis sections were prepared with hematoxylin-eosin staining and the blood serum was collected to assay testosterone by ELISA kit. The result of spermatogonic cells showed signicant difference (p<0.05) on treatment group (T3), but the result of testosterone levels was not signicantly different (p>0.05) among all treatments.
Jurnal Medik Veteriner, 2019
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol kayu secang (Caesalpinia sappan... more Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak etanol kayu secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) secara topikal dapat mempercepat kepadatan kolagen pada penyembuhan luka insisi tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Sebanyak 20 ekor tikus jantan dibagi secara acak menjadi lima kelompok, yakni: kontrol negatif (K-) yang diberi basis salep, kontrol positif (K+) yang diberi salep povidone iodine 10%, kelompok perlakuan (P1; P2; P3) yang diberi salep ekstrak kayu secang 6.5%; 15%; 30%. Perlakuan diberikan pada daerah luka secara topikal sekali sehari selama 14 hari. Data hasil skoring histopatologi diuji dengan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney. Kepadatan kolagen luka insisi kelompok P1 berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok P2, P3, K-, dan K+, dan tidak ada kelompok yang berbeda secara signifikan selain itu. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan rata-rata kepadatan kolagen pada kelompok P1 adalah dosis optimal.
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Papers by MUHAMMAD THOHAWI ELZIYAD PURNAMA