Marie THÉBAUD-SORGER (CNRS/Koyré) and Romain THOMAS (University of Paris Nanterre)

Manufacture de vernis sur métaux à Paris de Blaise-Louis Deharme
Louvre, Département des Objets d’art du Moyen Age, de la Renaissance et des temps modernes (LP 3275)
In this paper, we would like to focus on varnish as a material through the « chaîne opératoire » involved in the manufacture and application of this “surface” coating, common to the art and technology. From a corpus of recipes, encyclopedias, and even commercial prints, gathered within the framework of the ANR FabLight, we propose to study the terminology detailing the sensory and physical qualities of “varnish” at various moments of its implementation, in order to grasp its profoundly versatile nature. The description of the texture, consistency, and appearance of varnish brings to light the variety of materials used to make varnish (varnish, coating, lacquer), fruit of a hybridization of learned, artistic, and artisanal know-how. The properties of varnish refer on the one hand to the possible transfers according to the contexts of use (e.g., Watin’s copal varnish applied to paintings, furniture or the fabric of aerostats). On the other hand, it refers to the ambiguity of an interface that plays on its double useful and aesthetic function.
