{"id":44263,"date":"2017-03-30T15:00:55","date_gmt":"2017-03-30T12:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/?p=44263"},"modified":"2019-03-20T14:00:42","modified_gmt":"2019-03-20T12:00:42","slug":"junit-test-timeout-example","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/java-development\/core-java\/junit\/junit-test-timeout-example\/","title":{"rendered":"Junit Test Timeout Example"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In this article, we shall show you the working of JUnit timeout. JUnit provides a very good way of testing your methods against the timeout. In JUnit Test Timeout example, we will show how we can test out methods for timeouts.<\/p>\n<p>There are times when we want our methods to execute in a specific time. For example, we want a method to be completed in 1 second. This can be achieved easily by using different types in JUnit.<\/p>\n<h2>1. Introduction<\/h2>\n<p>As a regular reader, you already know that <a href=\"http:\/\/junit.org\/junit4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">JUnit<\/a> is a powerful way of unit testing our programs. It provides various techniques through which we can test our methods.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a case where our method is taking a lot of time to execute. It causes a lot of performance issue and you want to test in a way so that it completes in a specific time. What will you do?<\/p>\n<p>To answer this, JUnit provides a way through which this can be achieved. We will see in this example how we can do that.\n<\/p>\n<h2>2. Ways to Test Timeout<\/h2>\n<p>So, JUnit provides 3 different ways of testing methods against the time.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#firstCase\">First is the <code>timeout<\/code> parameter to the <code>@Test<\/code> annotation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#secondCase\">Second, using global <code>@Rule<\/code> annotation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#thirdCase\">Lastly using the <code>@ClassRule<\/code> annotation<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>We will see these 3 methods in details in below example.<\/p>\n<h2>3. Project Setup<\/h2>\n<div class=\"tip\"><strong>Tip<\/strong><br \/>\nYou may skip project creation and jump directly to the <a href=\"#code\"><strong>beginning of the example<\/strong><\/a> below.<\/div>\n<p>We are using Eclipse for this project. We are also using <a href=\"http:\/\/maven.apache.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Maven<\/a> as a dependency build tool. Open Eclipse, Click <code>File -&gt; New -&gt; Maven Project<\/code>.<br \/>\nFill in the details as shown and click <strong>Next<\/strong> button.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_44279\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-44279\" style=\"width: 725px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/junit-test-timeout-example-setup-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-44279\" src=\"http:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/junit-test-timeout-example-setup-1.jpg\" alt=\"JUnit Test Timeout Example Setup 1\" width=\"725\" height=\"503\" srcset=\"https:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/junit-test-timeout-example-setup-1.jpg 725w, https:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/junit-test-timeout-example-setup-1-300x208.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 725px) 100vw, 725px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-44279\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: JUnit Test Timeout Example Setup 1<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p>Fill all details as shown and click on <strong>Finish<\/strong> button.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_44280\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-44280\" style=\"width: 725px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/junit-test-timeout-example-setup-2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-44280\" src=\"http:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/junit-test-timeout-example-setup-2.jpg\" alt=\"JUnit Test Timeout Example Setup 2\" width=\"725\" height=\"663\" srcset=\"https:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/junit-test-timeout-example-setup-2.jpg 725w, https:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/junit-test-timeout-example-setup-2-300x274.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 725px) 100vw, 725px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-44280\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: JUnit Test Timeout Example Setup 2<\/figcaption><\/figure><div style=\"display:inline-block; margin: 15px 0;\"> <div id=\"adngin-JavaCodeGeeks_incontent_video-0\" style=\"display:inline-block;\"><\/div> <\/div><\/p>\n<p>We are done with the project setup.<\/p>\n<h2>4. JUnit Test Timeout Example<\/h2>\n<p>First of all copy below code and paste in your <code>pom.xml<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>pom.xml<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:xml;wrap-lines:false\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;dependencies&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;dependency&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;groupId&gt;junit&lt;\/groupId&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;artifactId&gt;junit&lt;\/artifactId&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;version&gt;4.12&lt;\/version&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;\/dependency&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;\/dependencies&gt;\n\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;properties&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;maven.compiler.source&gt;1.8&lt;\/maven.compiler.source&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;maven.compiler.target&gt;1.8&lt;\/maven.compiler.target&gt;\n&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;\/properties&gt;\n<\/pre>\n<p>Now we create a simple bean class for testing.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>Bank.java<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java;wrap-lines:false;highlight:[19,25]\">package junittesttimeout;\n\nimport java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;\n\npublic class Bank {\n\n\tprivate double totalCash;\n\tprivate int totalAccounts;\n\n\tpublic Bank(double cash, int accounts) {\n\t\tthis.totalCash = cash;\n\t\tthis.totalAccounts = accounts;\n\t}\n\n\tpublic double getTotalCash() throws InterruptedException {\n\t\tdouble cash = 0.0;\n\t\tfor (int index = 0; index &lt; 5; index++) {\n\t\t\tcash += index;\n\t\t\tTimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);\n\t\t}\n\t\treturn cash;\n\t}\n\n\tpublic int getTotalAccounts() throws InterruptedException {\n\t\tTimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(500);\n\t\treturn totalAccounts;\n\t}\n\n\t@Override\n\tpublic String toString() {\n\t\treturn \"Bank [cash=\" + totalCash + \", accounts=\" + totalAccounts + \"]\";\n\t}\n}\n\n<\/pre>\n<p>This class is used for testing purpose only. As you can see, we are having time sleep statements(highlighted) in the program. That are used for testing timeout scenarios.<\/p>\n<h2>5. Test Class<\/h2>\n<p>Let&#8217;s explore the various strategies.<\/p>\n<h3>5.1 Using timeout parameter<\/h3>\n<p>We can use <code>timeout<\/code> parameter with <code>@Test<\/code><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>TestClass.java<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java;wrap-lines:false;highlight:[18,23]\">package junittesttimeout;\n\nimport static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;\nimport static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;\n\nimport org.junit.BeforeClass;\nimport org.junit.Test;\n\npublic class TestTimeout {\n\n\tprivate static Bank bank;\n\n\t@BeforeClass\n\tpublic static void init() {\n\t\tbank = new Bank(500000, 100);\n\t}\n\n\t@Test(timeout = 2000)\n\tpublic void totalCashTest() throws InterruptedException {\n\t\tassertThat(10.0, is(bank.getTotalCash()));\n\t}\n\t\n\t@Test(timeout = 1000)\n\tpublic void totalAccountsTest() throws InterruptedException {\n\t\tassertThat(100, is(bank.getTotalAccounts()));\n\t}\n}\n<\/pre>\n<p>In this example, at line 18 and 23, we have set the timeout on tests. Now when the method starts execution and it takes more time than the timeout specified it will not pass and eventually fail. If test the case executes within a specified time then it will pass.[ulp id=&#8217;ODQaBEw1BIbHApZq&#8217;]<\/p>\n<h3>5.2 Using @Rule annotation<\/h3>\n<p>We can use <code>@Rule<\/code> annotation. This is helpful when we want all our test cases to be passed within a specific time. For example, we want our each test case to be executed in 2 seconds. See example below for more details.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>TestTimeoutGlobal.java<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java;wrap-lines:false;highlight:[15,16]\">package junittesttimeout;\n\nimport static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;\nimport static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;\n\nimport org.junit.BeforeClass;\nimport org.junit.Rule;\nimport org.junit.Test;\nimport org.junit.rules.Timeout;\n\npublic class TestTimeoutGlobal {\n\n\tprivate static Bank bank;\n\t\n\t@Rule\n    public Timeout globalTimeout = Timeout.seconds(2);\n\n\t@BeforeClass\n\tpublic static void init() {\n\t\tbank = new Bank(500000,100);\n\t}\n\n\t@Test\n\tpublic void totalCashTest() throws InterruptedException {\n\t\tassertThat(10.0, is(bank.getTotalCash()));\n\t}\n\t\n\t@Test\n\tpublic void totalAccountsTest() throws InterruptedException {\n\t\tassertThat(100, is(bank.getTotalAccounts()));\n\t}\n}    \n<\/pre>\n<p>Here we simply, create <code>@Rule<\/code> at starting of the class. It applies to each and every test case in a class including <code>@BeforeClass<\/code> and <code>@Before<\/code> annotations.<\/p>\n<h3>5.3 Using @ClassRule annotation<\/h3>\n<p>We can use the <code>@ClassRule<\/code> annotation on class. It will see that all methods in a class execute in a specific time. So, here we want all the test cases collectively to be passed within a specific time of 10 seconds.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><em>TestTimeoutGlobalClass.java<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java;wrap-lines:false;highlight:[15,16]\">package junittesttimeout;\n\nimport static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;\nimport static org.junit.Assert.assertThat;\n\nimport org.junit.BeforeClass;\nimport org.junit.ClassRule;\nimport org.junit.Test;\nimport org.junit.rules.Timeout;\n\npublic class TestTimeoutGlobalClass {\n\n\tprivate static Bank bank;\n\n\t@ClassRule\n\tpublic static Timeout globalTimeout = Timeout.seconds(10);\n\n\t@BeforeClass\n\tpublic static void init() {\n\t\tbank = new Bank(500000, 100);\n\t}\n\n\t@Test\n\tpublic void totalCashTest() throws InterruptedException {\n\t\tassertThat(10.0, is(bank.getTotalCash()));\n\t}\n\n\t@Test\n\tpublic void totalAccountsTest() throws InterruptedException {\n\t\tassertThat(100, is(bank.getTotalAccounts()));\n\t}\n}\n<\/pre>\n<div class=\"tip\"><strong>Tip<\/strong><br \/>\nDifference between <code>@Rule<\/code> and <code>@ClassRule<\/code> is that, former is used for testing each method for a specific time, whereas latter is used to test all methods to be executed in a specific time.<\/div>\n<p>Above example will simply executes the methods of the class and sees that all test cases passed in a specific time of i.e. 10 seconds.<\/p>\n<h2>6. Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>Through this example, you have learned how we can test our methods against time. We have used 3 strategies for this.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>using timeout parameter with <code>@Test<\/code><\/li>\n<li>using <code>@Rule<\/code> annotation<\/li>\n<li>using <code>@ClassRule<\/code> annotation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>7. Download the Eclipse Project<\/h2>\n<p>This is an example of JUnit Test Timeout.<\/p>\n<div class=\"download\"><strong>Download<\/strong><br \/>\nYou can download the full source code of this example here: <a href=\"http:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/junittesttimeout.zip\"><strong>JUnitTestTimeoutExample.zip<\/strong><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this article, we shall show you the working of JUnit timeout. JUnit provides a very good way of testing your methods against the timeout. In JUnit Test Timeout example, we will show how we can test out methods for timeouts. There are times when we want our methods to execute in a specific time. &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":112,"featured_media":6678,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[1654],"class_list":["post-44263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-junit","tag-timeout"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Junit Test Timeout Example - Java Code Geeks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"JUnit Test Timeout example explains a very good way of testing your methods against the timeout. 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