{"id":2486,"date":"2013-02-19T16:01:35","date_gmt":"2013-02-19T14:01:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/?p=2486"},"modified":"2023-11-09T13:53:46","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T11:53:46","slug":"4-ways-to-copy-file-in-java","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/examples.javacodegeeks.com\/java-development\/core-java\/io\/file\/4-ways-to-copy-file-in-java\/","title":{"rendered":"4 Ways to Copy File in Java"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Although Java offers a class that can handle file operations, that is java.io.File, it doesn&#8217;t have a copy method that will copy a file to another.<\/p>\n<p>The copying action is an important one, when your program has to handle many file related activities. Nevertheless, there are several ways you can perform a file copying operation in Java and we will discuss four of the most popular in this example.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Copy File Using FileStreams<\/h3>\n<p>This is the most classic way to copy the content of a file to another. You simply read a number of bytes from File A using <a href=\"http:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/javase\/7\/docs\/api\/java\/io\/FileInputStream.html\"><code>FileInputStream<\/code><\/a> and write them to File B using <a href=\"http:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/javase\/7\/docs\/api\/java\/io\/FileOutputStream.html\"><code>FileOutputStream<\/code><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Here is the code of the first method:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java\"> \nprivate static void copyFileUsingFileStreams(File source, File dest)\n\t\tthrows IOException {\n\tInputStream input = null;\n\tOutputStream output = null;\n\ttry {\n\t\tinput = new FileInputStream(source);\n\t\toutput = new FileOutputStream(dest);\n\t\tbyte[] buf = new byte[1024];\n\t\tint bytesRead;\n\t\twhile ((bytesRead = input.read(buf)) &gt; 0) {\n\t\t\toutput.write(buf, 0, bytesRead);\n\t\t}\n\t} finally {\n\t\tinput.close();\n\t\toutput.close();\n\t}\n}<\/pre>\n<p>As you can see we perform several read and write operations on big chucks of data, so this ought to be a less efficient compared to the next methods we will see.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Copy File using <a href=\"http:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/javase\/7\/docs\/api\/java\/nio\/channels\/FileChannel.html\"><code>java.nio.channels.FileChannel<\/code><\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Java NIO includes a <code>transferFrom<\/code> method that according to the documentation is supposed to do faster copying operations than FileStreams.<\/p>\n<p>Here is the code of the second method:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java\">private static void copyFileUsingFileChannels(File source, File dest)\n\t\tthrows IOException {\n\tFileChannel inputChannel = null;\n\tFileChannel outputChannel = null;\n\ttry {\n\t\tinputChannel = new FileInputStream(source).getChannel();\n\t\toutputChannel = new FileOutputStream(dest).getChannel();\n\t\toutputChannel.transferFrom(inputChannel, 0, inputChannel.size());\n\t} finally {\n\t\tinputChannel.close();\n\t\toutputChannel.close();\n\t}\n}<\/pre>\n<h3>3. Copy File using Apache Commons IO<\/h3>\n<p>Apache Commons IO offers a <code>copyFile(File srcFile, File destFile)<\/code> method in its <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.apache.org\/io\/api-release\/org\/apache\/commons\/io\/FileUtils.html\"><code>FileUtils<\/code><\/a> class that can be used to copy a file to another. It&#8217;s very convenient to work with Apache Commons <code>FileUtils<\/code> class when you already using it to your project. Basically, this class uses Java NIO <code>FileChannel<\/code> internally.<div style=\"display:inline-block; margin: 15px 0;\"> <div id=\"adngin-JavaCodeGeeks_incontent_video-0\" style=\"display:inline-block;\"><\/div> <\/div><\/p>\n<p>Here is the code of the third method:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java\">private static void copyFileUsingApacheCommonsIO(File source, File dest)\n\t\tthrows IOException {\n\tFileUtils.copyFile(source, dest);\n}<\/pre>\n<h3>4. Copy File using Java 7 <a href=\"http:\/\/docs.oracle.com\/javase\/7\/docs\/api\/java\/nio\/file\/Files.html\"><code>Files<\/code><\/a> class<\/h3>\n<p>If you have some experience in Java 7 you will probably know that you can use the <code>copy<\/code>\u00a0mehtod of the class <code>Files<\/code> in order to copy a file to another.<\/p>\n<p>Here is the code of the fourth method:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java\">private static void copyFileUsingJava7Files(File source, File dest)\n\t\tthrows IOException {\n\tFiles.copy(source.toPath(), dest.toPath());\n}<\/pre>\n<h3>Test<\/h3>\n<p>Now to see which one of these methods is more efficient we will copy a large file using each one of them in a simple program. To avoid any performance speedups from caching we are going to use four different source files and four different destination files.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a look at the code:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush:java\">package com.javacodegeeks.java.core;\n\nimport java.io.File;\nimport java.io.FileInputStream;\nimport java.io.FileOutputStream;\nimport java.io.IOException;\nimport java.io.InputStream;\nimport java.io.OutputStream;\nimport java.nio.channels.FileChannel;\nimport java.nio.file.Files;\nimport org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;\n\npublic class CopyFilesExample {\n\n\tpublic static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException,\n\t\t\tIOException {\n\n\t\tFile source = new File(\"C:\\\\Users\\\\nikos7\\\\Desktop\\\\files\\\\sourcefile1.txt\");\n\t\tFile dest = new File(\"C:\\\\Users\\\\nikos7\\\\Desktop\\\\files\\\\destfile1.txt\");\n\n\t\t\/\/ copy file using FileStreams\n\t\tlong start = System.nanoTime();\n\t\tlong end;\n\t\tcopyFileUsingFileStreams(source, dest);\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Time taken by FileStreams Copy = \"\n\t\t\t\t+ (System.nanoTime() - start));\n\n\t\t\/\/ copy files using java.nio.FileChannel\n\t\tsource = new File(\"C:\\\\Users\\\\nikos7\\\\Desktop\\\\files\\\\sourcefile2.txt\");\n\t\tdest = new File(\"C:\\\\Users\\\\nikos7\\\\Desktop\\\\files\\\\destfile2.txt\");\n\t\tstart = System.nanoTime();\n\t\tcopyFileUsingFileChannels(source, dest);\n\t\tend = System.nanoTime();\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Time taken by FileChannels Copy = \" + (end - start));\n\n\t\t\/\/ copy file using Java 7 Files class\n\t\tsource = new File(\"C:\\\\Users\\\\nikos7\\\\Desktop\\\\files\\\\sourcefile3.txt\");\n\t\tdest = new File(\"C:\\\\Users\\\\nikos7\\\\Desktop\\\\files\\\\destfile3.txt\");\n\t\tstart = System.nanoTime();\n\t\tcopyFileUsingJava7Files(source, dest);\n\t\tend = System.nanoTime();\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Time taken by Java7 Files Copy = \" + (end - start));\n\n\t\t\/\/ copy files using apache commons io\n\t\tsource = new File(\"C:\\\\Users\\\\nikos7\\\\Desktop\\\\files\\\\sourcefile4.txt\");\n\t\tdest = new File(\"C:\\\\Users\\\\nikos7\\\\Desktop\\\\files\\\\destfile4.txt\");\n\t\tstart = System.nanoTime();\n\t\tcopyFileUsingApacheCommonsIO(source, dest);\n\t\tend = System.nanoTime();\n\t\tSystem.out.println(\"Time taken by Apache Commons IO Copy = \"\n\t\t\t\t+ (end - start));\n\n\t}\n\n\tprivate static void copyFileUsingFileStreams(File source, File dest)\n\t\t\tthrows IOException {\n\t\tInputStream input = null;\n\t\tOutputStream output = null;\n\t\ttry {\n\t\t\tinput = new FileInputStream(source);\n\t\t\toutput = new FileOutputStream(dest);\n\t\t\tbyte[] buf = new byte[1024];\n\t\t\tint bytesRead;\n\t\t\twhile ((bytesRead = input.read(buf)) &gt; 0) {\n\t\t\t\toutput.write(buf, 0, bytesRead);\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t} finally {\n\t\t\tinput.close();\n\t\t\toutput.close();\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\tprivate static void copyFileUsingFileChannels(File source, File dest)\n\t\t\tthrows IOException {\n\t\tFileChannel inputChannel = null;\n\t\tFileChannel outputChannel = null;\n\t\ttry {\n\t\t\tinputChannel = new FileInputStream(source).getChannel();\n\t\t\toutputChannel = new FileOutputStream(dest).getChannel();\n\t\t\toutputChannel.transferFrom(inputChannel, 0, inputChannel.size());\n\t\t} finally {\n\t\t\tinputChannel.close();\n\t\t\toutputChannel.close();\n\t\t}\n\t}\n\n\tprivate static void copyFileUsingJava7Files(File source, File dest)\n\t\t\tthrows IOException {\n\t\tFiles.copy(source.toPath(), dest.toPath());\n\t}\n\n\tprivate static void copyFileUsingApacheCommonsIO(File source, File dest)\n\t\t\tthrows IOException {\n\t\tFileUtils.copyFile(source, dest);\n\t}\n\n}<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre style=\"background: #f0f0f0; border: 1px dashed #CCCCCC; color: black; font-family: arial; font-size: 12px; height: auto; line-height: 20px; overflow: auto; padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 99%;\"><code style=\"color: black; word-wrap: normal;\">Time taken by FileStreams Copy = 127572360\nTime taken by FileChannels Copy = 10449963\nTime taken by Java7 Files Copy = 10808333\nTime taken by Apache Commons IO Copy = 17971677\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>As you can see FileChannels is the best way to copy large files. If you work with even larger files you will notice a much bigger speed difference.<\/p>\n<p>This was an example that demonstrates four different ways you can copy a File in Java.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Although Java offers a class that can handle file operations, that is java.io.File, it doesn&#8217;t have a copy method that will copy a file to another. The copying action is an important one, when your program has to handle many file related activities. Nevertheless, there are several ways you can perform a file copying operation &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":1204,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[119,120,121,123],"tags":[354,200,202,204,1043],"class_list":["post-2486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-file","category-filechannel","category-fileinputstream","category-fileoutputstream","tag-appache-commons-fileutils","tag-file-2","tag-fileinputstream-2","tag-fileoutputstream-2","tag-nio"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>4 Ways to Copy File in Java<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This is a Java copy file example. 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