Deliberative democracy is a prominent political approach that is increasingly attracting the inte... more Deliberative democracy is a prominent political approach that is increasingly attracting the interest of management scholars. While many deliberative democracy scholars acknowledge that expertise improves the epistemic quality of deliberation, some have recognized that experts can become "problematic participants" in deliberations. Through an analysis of Henrik Ibsen's play An Enemy of the People, I discuss four difficulties of including
Scholar have analyzed the emergence of social enterprises, the characteristics of social entrepre... more Scholar have analyzed the emergence of social enterprises, the characteristics of social entrepreneurs, and the tensions between conflicting logics. However, we have little understanding of the dyn...
Surveying faith institutions 1.3 Design and testing of the survey 1.4 Limitations 2. Respondents ... more Surveying faith institutions 1.3 Design and testing of the survey 1.4 Limitations 2. Respondents and Research Areas 2.1 Description of the respondents 2.2 Research Areas 3. Findings 3.1 Opinions of leaders of faith institutions regarding faith and investing 3.2 Practices with regard to faith-consistent investing 3.3 Obstacles and incentives related to faith-consistent investing 4 Comparative Analysis USA versus Non-USA List of Acronyms Information about the research institutions
Sustainable water management is a growing concern worldwide. Nonetheless, despite the existence o... more Sustainable water management is a growing concern worldwide. Nonetheless, despite the existence of water-related reviews in the business literature, the contribution of organization and management studies to sustainability challenges remains unclear. As systemic approaches are necessary to tackle sustainability challenges, we use Elinor Ostrom’s social-ecological systems framework to assess whether and how the current management literature on water contributes to our understanding of sustainable water management. Our review shows that management research is still far from making a significant contribution to this field, because of limited knowledge accumulation and theoretical development, and the lack of integration of environmental factors within social science research generally. The social-ecological systems framework helps us identify future research opportunities that would feed more effectively into a multidisciplinary effort toward sustainable water management.
Información del artículo La acción empresarial para el desarrollo sostenible: clarificando alguno... more Información del artículo La acción empresarial para el desarrollo sostenible: clarificando algunos conceptos.
Abstract This study explores the role of authenticity in social enterprises. It argues that the q... more Abstract This study explores the role of authenticity in social enterprises. It argues that the quest for authenticity, which is composed of different constructs and entails several internal actions, helps a social enterprise navigate the typical risks inherent to its organizational form: mission drift and mission lock-in. Drawing on an inductive case study of a social enterprise which operates in the field of tourism, the study shows that the authenticity sought by the enterprise takes the form of consistency, conformity, connection, and exploration. This helps the social enterprise plot a course through the abovementioned risks.
While scholars have analyzed the emergence and characteristics of social enterprises, and their i... more While scholars have analyzed the emergence and characteristics of social enterprises, and their internal tensions between conflicting logics, we have little understanding of the dynamics at the interorganizational level between social enterprises. Based on an in-depth, qualitative study with work integration social enterprises in the secondhand clothes industry, we uncover the dynamics of simultaneous cooperation and competition. Our analysis shows that social enterprises simultaneously—rather than sequentially—engage in coopetitive actions at three levels of action: operational, stakeholder, and environmental interface. At each level, social enterprises engage in different coopetitive actions that do not easily fall under the commercial–social tension usually studied in the social entrepreneurship literature. Social and economic goals motivate both competition and cooperation, but we argue that this plays out differently at each level of coopetition. We conclude with implications f...
ABSTRACTThis article studies multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) as spaces for both deliberation... more ABSTRACTThis article studies multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) as spaces for both deliberation and contestation between constituencies with competing discourses and disputed values, beliefs, and preferences. We review different theoretical perspectives on MSIs, which see them mainly as spaces to find solutions to market problems (economic approach), as spaces of conflict and bargaining (political approach), or as spaces of consensus (deliberative approach). In contrast, we build on a contestatory deliberative perspective, which gives equal value to both contestation and consensus. We identify four types of internal contestation which can be present in MSIs—procedural, inclusiveness, epistemic, and ultimate-goal—and argue that embracing contestation and engaging in ongoing revision of provisional agreements, criteria, and goals can enhance the democratic quality of MSIs. Finally, we explore the implications of this perspective for theorizing about the democratic quality in MSIs an...
While much research has studied corporate management of stakeholders, this research focuses on th... more While much research has studied corporate management of stakeholders, this research focuses on the capacity of stakeholders to influence firms. Using a grounded theory research design, we draw on a comparative analysis of the relations between two neighbouring communities in the Peruvian highlands and the mining project that affects them. Our analysis suggests that control of resources and structural configurations are insufficient for explaining divergent actions and influence capacity, and highlights the role played by factors that we refer to as community vigour and the community’s pool of knowledge. We argue that these factors explain a community’s ability to develop an informed and shared interpretation of the situation in relation to firms and, therefore, to identify and carry out actions that will be more likely to influence firms to the community’s satisfaction. Thus, community vigour and pool of knowledge are additional sources of influence capacity. These findings contribu...
New products and services that tackle grand societal challenges often require changes in societal... more New products and services that tackle grand societal challenges often require changes in societal norms, values, and expectations. This research investigates the question of how innovating actors shape these informal institutions throughout the innovation process by drawing on the literature on social innovation and institutional theory. In a comparison of four case studies, we observe that all innovating actors under study engage in a diverse set of practices to challenge and shape societal norms and expectations as well as user habits and routines throughout the innovation process. These activities can be clustered into unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral change processes, depending on the number of actors involved. Our findings highlight how different types of direct and indirect interactions between innovating actors and users along the innovation process shape the understanding of social innovation, and stress the central role of physical experiences and positive emotions a...
At Jones Food, family members exclusively held top managerial positions (Schein, 1999). At Lazard... more At Jones Food, family members exclusively held top managerial positions (Schein, 1999). At Lazard LLC, family employees received higher salaries than their non-family counterparts even when both parties occupied the same hierarchical level (Subramanian & Sherman, 2007). At Magid Glove, only family employees are permitted flexible work schedules (Ward & Perricelli, 2005). At HOLDAL Group, family members exclusively occupy seats on the board of directors. Does this preferential treatment of family employees always reflect unfair practices in the family business workplace, and how do these actions affect firm function and performance? Recent articles have suggested that family businesses exercise unfair practices in their workplace by offering preferential treatment to family employees (e.g.
Most research studying the corporate social performance (CSP)–corporate financial performance (CF... more Most research studying the corporate social performance (CSP)–corporate financial performance (CFP) link has utilized developed country samples. Also, this literature has generally focused on a wide variety of industries, ignoring the fact that certain sectors – such as controversial industries – have graver social and environmental issues. Hence, a gap exists in this tradition when it comes to emerging markets and controversial industries. This paper attempts to fill this void by providing preliminary evidence and insight on the matter. Based on an exploration in six Latin American countries and five controversial industries, we find a negative bidirectional association (or a non‐significant one at best) between CSP and CFP. These results tend to contradict the mainstream conclusion of a positive bidirectional link, suggesting that institutional and market‐level forces play a major role in shaping this relationship.
ABSTRACT:The primacy of shareholder demands in the traditional theory of the firm has typically e... more ABSTRACT:The primacy of shareholder demands in the traditional theory of the firm has typically excluded marginalised stakeholder voices. However, shareholders involved in social shareholder engagement (SSE) purport to bring these voices into corporate decision-making. In response to ethical concerns about the legitimacy of SSE, we use the lens of discourse ethics to provide a normative analysis at both action and constitutional levels. By specifying three normative questions, we extend the analysis of SSE to identify a political role for shareholders in pursuit of the common good. We demonstrate the desirability for SSE to promote regulatory/institutional change to guarantee marginalised stakeholders a voice in corporate decisions that affect them. The theory of SSE we propose thus calls into question the stark separation of the political and economic spheres and reveals an underlying tension, often overlooked, within the responsible investment literature.
In this article, we suggest that one of the unexplored paths toward collaboration between firms a... more In this article, we suggest that one of the unexplored paths toward collaboration between firms and civil society organizations starts with confrontation or potential conflict, and that the transition toward collaboration can be further understood if one focuses on triadic relationships rather than dyadic ones. We analyze the presence of third parties and their different roles to explain how collaboration is facilitated. The article aims at bringing together the bodies of research on business-civil society confrontation and on business-civil society collaboration. It offers a comparative analysis of four case studies, and proposes a typology of third parties composed of facilitating allies, participating allies, mediators, and solution seekers. We conclude with some implications for further research as well as for practice. Keywords Collaboration Á Confrontation Á Civil society Á NGO Á Cross-sector partnerships Á Third parties Á Mediators Á Allies Á Brokers Companies are more likely to engage in practices that go beyond profit maximization goals and shareholder value, and pursue broader social benefits (or mitigate social harms) for external constituencies, when they feel institutional pressures at the community level (Marquis et al. 2007; Campbell 2007). This pressure has increased during the last 15 years as civil society has become better organized, employed new technologies and social networking services, reached a global scale, and, rather than simply lobbying governments, has directed its attention toward companies-demanding from them transparent and responsible conduct according to their growing socioeconomic influence (Bendell 2004; Steger 2006; Soule 2009; de Bakker and den Hond 2008; den Hond et al. 2010). Pressure from civil society may take the form of conflict, but when companies overcome conflict and collaborate with civil society organizations (CSO), 1 they are more likely to succeed in assuming their role as responsible citizens, in implementing CSR policies and in improving the social and environmental impact of production processes (Seitanidi and Crane 2009; Peloza and Falkenberg 2009; Aguilera et al. 2007). Collaborations may lead to partnerships between businesses and CSO, also called
Business Ethics and Corporate Sustainability, Jul 11, 2011
It has long been assumed that the development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) necessaril... more It has long been assumed that the development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) necessarily entails strong relationships with stakeholders. This may be an insufficient condition but is a necessary condition. These relations are often framed in terms of dialogue and sometimes reformulated as multistakeholder dialogue. If such multistakeholder dialogue is a requirement for dealing with companies individually, even greater emphasis is put on this aspect where sector-related agreements are involved (particularly when developing ...
El debate sobre la responsabilidad social de la empresa (RSE) se ha centrado sobre qué se entiend... more El debate sobre la responsabilidad social de la empresa (RSE) se ha centrado sobre qué se entiende por este concepto y qué límites tiene. Sin embargo, las empresas piden que sobre este tema se pase ya a cuestiones concretas. La RSE puede entenderse como el reconocimiento de que la actividad de las empresas se desarrolla en un marco de relaciones con distintos grupos de interés y el reconocimiento de que hay que preocuparse por la calidad de estas relaciones.
Deliberative democracy is a prominent political approach that is increasingly attracting the inte... more Deliberative democracy is a prominent political approach that is increasingly attracting the interest of management scholars. While many deliberative democracy scholars acknowledge that expertise improves the epistemic quality of deliberation, some have recognized that experts can become "problematic participants" in deliberations. Through an analysis of Henrik Ibsen's play An Enemy of the People, I discuss four difficulties of including
Scholar have analyzed the emergence of social enterprises, the characteristics of social entrepre... more Scholar have analyzed the emergence of social enterprises, the characteristics of social entrepreneurs, and the tensions between conflicting logics. However, we have little understanding of the dyn...
Surveying faith institutions 1.3 Design and testing of the survey 1.4 Limitations 2. Respondents ... more Surveying faith institutions 1.3 Design and testing of the survey 1.4 Limitations 2. Respondents and Research Areas 2.1 Description of the respondents 2.2 Research Areas 3. Findings 3.1 Opinions of leaders of faith institutions regarding faith and investing 3.2 Practices with regard to faith-consistent investing 3.3 Obstacles and incentives related to faith-consistent investing 4 Comparative Analysis USA versus Non-USA List of Acronyms Information about the research institutions
Sustainable water management is a growing concern worldwide. Nonetheless, despite the existence o... more Sustainable water management is a growing concern worldwide. Nonetheless, despite the existence of water-related reviews in the business literature, the contribution of organization and management studies to sustainability challenges remains unclear. As systemic approaches are necessary to tackle sustainability challenges, we use Elinor Ostrom’s social-ecological systems framework to assess whether and how the current management literature on water contributes to our understanding of sustainable water management. Our review shows that management research is still far from making a significant contribution to this field, because of limited knowledge accumulation and theoretical development, and the lack of integration of environmental factors within social science research generally. The social-ecological systems framework helps us identify future research opportunities that would feed more effectively into a multidisciplinary effort toward sustainable water management.
Información del artículo La acción empresarial para el desarrollo sostenible: clarificando alguno... more Información del artículo La acción empresarial para el desarrollo sostenible: clarificando algunos conceptos.
Abstract This study explores the role of authenticity in social enterprises. It argues that the q... more Abstract This study explores the role of authenticity in social enterprises. It argues that the quest for authenticity, which is composed of different constructs and entails several internal actions, helps a social enterprise navigate the typical risks inherent to its organizational form: mission drift and mission lock-in. Drawing on an inductive case study of a social enterprise which operates in the field of tourism, the study shows that the authenticity sought by the enterprise takes the form of consistency, conformity, connection, and exploration. This helps the social enterprise plot a course through the abovementioned risks.
While scholars have analyzed the emergence and characteristics of social enterprises, and their i... more While scholars have analyzed the emergence and characteristics of social enterprises, and their internal tensions between conflicting logics, we have little understanding of the dynamics at the interorganizational level between social enterprises. Based on an in-depth, qualitative study with work integration social enterprises in the secondhand clothes industry, we uncover the dynamics of simultaneous cooperation and competition. Our analysis shows that social enterprises simultaneously—rather than sequentially—engage in coopetitive actions at three levels of action: operational, stakeholder, and environmental interface. At each level, social enterprises engage in different coopetitive actions that do not easily fall under the commercial–social tension usually studied in the social entrepreneurship literature. Social and economic goals motivate both competition and cooperation, but we argue that this plays out differently at each level of coopetition. We conclude with implications f...
ABSTRACTThis article studies multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) as spaces for both deliberation... more ABSTRACTThis article studies multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) as spaces for both deliberation and contestation between constituencies with competing discourses and disputed values, beliefs, and preferences. We review different theoretical perspectives on MSIs, which see them mainly as spaces to find solutions to market problems (economic approach), as spaces of conflict and bargaining (political approach), or as spaces of consensus (deliberative approach). In contrast, we build on a contestatory deliberative perspective, which gives equal value to both contestation and consensus. We identify four types of internal contestation which can be present in MSIs—procedural, inclusiveness, epistemic, and ultimate-goal—and argue that embracing contestation and engaging in ongoing revision of provisional agreements, criteria, and goals can enhance the democratic quality of MSIs. Finally, we explore the implications of this perspective for theorizing about the democratic quality in MSIs an...
While much research has studied corporate management of stakeholders, this research focuses on th... more While much research has studied corporate management of stakeholders, this research focuses on the capacity of stakeholders to influence firms. Using a grounded theory research design, we draw on a comparative analysis of the relations between two neighbouring communities in the Peruvian highlands and the mining project that affects them. Our analysis suggests that control of resources and structural configurations are insufficient for explaining divergent actions and influence capacity, and highlights the role played by factors that we refer to as community vigour and the community’s pool of knowledge. We argue that these factors explain a community’s ability to develop an informed and shared interpretation of the situation in relation to firms and, therefore, to identify and carry out actions that will be more likely to influence firms to the community’s satisfaction. Thus, community vigour and pool of knowledge are additional sources of influence capacity. These findings contribu...
New products and services that tackle grand societal challenges often require changes in societal... more New products and services that tackle grand societal challenges often require changes in societal norms, values, and expectations. This research investigates the question of how innovating actors shape these informal institutions throughout the innovation process by drawing on the literature on social innovation and institutional theory. In a comparison of four case studies, we observe that all innovating actors under study engage in a diverse set of practices to challenge and shape societal norms and expectations as well as user habits and routines throughout the innovation process. These activities can be clustered into unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral change processes, depending on the number of actors involved. Our findings highlight how different types of direct and indirect interactions between innovating actors and users along the innovation process shape the understanding of social innovation, and stress the central role of physical experiences and positive emotions a...
At Jones Food, family members exclusively held top managerial positions (Schein, 1999). At Lazard... more At Jones Food, family members exclusively held top managerial positions (Schein, 1999). At Lazard LLC, family employees received higher salaries than their non-family counterparts even when both parties occupied the same hierarchical level (Subramanian & Sherman, 2007). At Magid Glove, only family employees are permitted flexible work schedules (Ward & Perricelli, 2005). At HOLDAL Group, family members exclusively occupy seats on the board of directors. Does this preferential treatment of family employees always reflect unfair practices in the family business workplace, and how do these actions affect firm function and performance? Recent articles have suggested that family businesses exercise unfair practices in their workplace by offering preferential treatment to family employees (e.g.
Most research studying the corporate social performance (CSP)–corporate financial performance (CF... more Most research studying the corporate social performance (CSP)–corporate financial performance (CFP) link has utilized developed country samples. Also, this literature has generally focused on a wide variety of industries, ignoring the fact that certain sectors – such as controversial industries – have graver social and environmental issues. Hence, a gap exists in this tradition when it comes to emerging markets and controversial industries. This paper attempts to fill this void by providing preliminary evidence and insight on the matter. Based on an exploration in six Latin American countries and five controversial industries, we find a negative bidirectional association (or a non‐significant one at best) between CSP and CFP. These results tend to contradict the mainstream conclusion of a positive bidirectional link, suggesting that institutional and market‐level forces play a major role in shaping this relationship.
ABSTRACT:The primacy of shareholder demands in the traditional theory of the firm has typically e... more ABSTRACT:The primacy of shareholder demands in the traditional theory of the firm has typically excluded marginalised stakeholder voices. However, shareholders involved in social shareholder engagement (SSE) purport to bring these voices into corporate decision-making. In response to ethical concerns about the legitimacy of SSE, we use the lens of discourse ethics to provide a normative analysis at both action and constitutional levels. By specifying three normative questions, we extend the analysis of SSE to identify a political role for shareholders in pursuit of the common good. We demonstrate the desirability for SSE to promote regulatory/institutional change to guarantee marginalised stakeholders a voice in corporate decisions that affect them. The theory of SSE we propose thus calls into question the stark separation of the political and economic spheres and reveals an underlying tension, often overlooked, within the responsible investment literature.
In this article, we suggest that one of the unexplored paths toward collaboration between firms a... more In this article, we suggest that one of the unexplored paths toward collaboration between firms and civil society organizations starts with confrontation or potential conflict, and that the transition toward collaboration can be further understood if one focuses on triadic relationships rather than dyadic ones. We analyze the presence of third parties and their different roles to explain how collaboration is facilitated. The article aims at bringing together the bodies of research on business-civil society confrontation and on business-civil society collaboration. It offers a comparative analysis of four case studies, and proposes a typology of third parties composed of facilitating allies, participating allies, mediators, and solution seekers. We conclude with some implications for further research as well as for practice. Keywords Collaboration Á Confrontation Á Civil society Á NGO Á Cross-sector partnerships Á Third parties Á Mediators Á Allies Á Brokers Companies are more likely to engage in practices that go beyond profit maximization goals and shareholder value, and pursue broader social benefits (or mitigate social harms) for external constituencies, when they feel institutional pressures at the community level (Marquis et al. 2007; Campbell 2007). This pressure has increased during the last 15 years as civil society has become better organized, employed new technologies and social networking services, reached a global scale, and, rather than simply lobbying governments, has directed its attention toward companies-demanding from them transparent and responsible conduct according to their growing socioeconomic influence (Bendell 2004; Steger 2006; Soule 2009; de Bakker and den Hond 2008; den Hond et al. 2010). Pressure from civil society may take the form of conflict, but when companies overcome conflict and collaborate with civil society organizations (CSO), 1 they are more likely to succeed in assuming their role as responsible citizens, in implementing CSR policies and in improving the social and environmental impact of production processes (Seitanidi and Crane 2009; Peloza and Falkenberg 2009; Aguilera et al. 2007). Collaborations may lead to partnerships between businesses and CSO, also called
Business Ethics and Corporate Sustainability, Jul 11, 2011
It has long been assumed that the development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) necessaril... more It has long been assumed that the development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) necessarily entails strong relationships with stakeholders. This may be an insufficient condition but is a necessary condition. These relations are often framed in terms of dialogue and sometimes reformulated as multistakeholder dialogue. If such multistakeholder dialogue is a requirement for dealing with companies individually, even greater emphasis is put on this aspect where sector-related agreements are involved (particularly when developing ...
El debate sobre la responsabilidad social de la empresa (RSE) se ha centrado sobre qué se entiend... more El debate sobre la responsabilidad social de la empresa (RSE) se ha centrado sobre qué se entiende por este concepto y qué límites tiene. Sin embargo, las empresas piden que sobre este tema se pase ya a cuestiones concretas. La RSE puede entenderse como el reconocimiento de que la actividad de las empresas se desarrolla en un marco de relaciones con distintos grupos de interés y el reconocimiento de que hay que preocuparse por la calidad de estas relaciones.
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