Choque Anafilactico
Choque Anafilactico
ANAFILACTICO
• EQUIPO 8
• DRA. MARIA FERNANDA PERDOMO VARGAS R3
• DRA LUCIA TREJO AGUILAR R2
• DR. RAYMUNDO REYES SANCHEZ R1
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
OBJETIVOS DE LA CLASE
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of
the Resuscita
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
DEFINICION
Afectación sistémica
ocasionada por una
reacción de
hipersensibilidad media
por IgE capaz de
ocasionar hipoxemia e
hipoperfusión por
obstrucción de la vía
aérea.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
DEFINICIONES:
Anafilaxia: Reacción de
hipersensibilidad Inmediata mediada
por IgE, resultado de la afectación de
mastocitos y basófilos
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
HISTORIA:
1910 PAUL
LEWIS
descubre que
EGIPTO 2640
BC: FARAON lo esencial del
MENES, shock
PRIMER anafiláctico es
REGISTRO
SHOCK
broncoespas
ANAFILACTICO mo
Neugut A.I. Ghatak A. T, Anaphylaxis in the United States: an investigation into its epidemiology. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161 (
1): 15 – 21
Historia
1975 Coombs Y
1950: SE DESCRIBE Gell, CLASIFICARON
COMO REACCION REACCONES DE
DE HIPERSENSIBILIDAD
HIPERSENSIBILIDAD .
1967 ishiaka y
colegas
identificaron nueva
IgG conocida IGE.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
EPIDEMIOLOGIA
PORCENTAJES
2
16
Distributivo SEPTICO
Distributivo NO SEPTICO
16
cardiogenico
Hipovolemico
62
Obstructivo
4
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
EPIDEMIOLOGIA
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL AUGUST 2017.
VOLUME 140, NUMBER 2
EPIDEMIOLOGIA
154 episodios x
cada 1,000,000 de
IDIOPATICA: 35,000 personas en el
AL AÑO. mundo
COMIDA: 150
casos de shock
ANTIBIOTICOS:
anafiláctico, 32
800 casos al año
terminaran en
muerte
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL AUGUST 2017.
VOLUME 140, NUMBER 2
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
EPIDEMIOLOGIA
Tejedor Alonso MA, et al. Epidemiology of anaphylaxis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2015, 45 (6): 1027 – 39.
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
EPIDEMIOLOGIA
Tejedor Alonso MA, et al. Epidemiology of anaphylaxis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2015, 45 (6): 1027 – 39.
ETIOLOGIA
3-35 para
cualquier otro ALIMENTOS
alimento
2%
1.2 al 17%
Cacahuate y
Leche
pescado
0.2 al 7%
Huevo
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL AUGUST 2017.
VOLUME 140, NUMBER 2
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
ETIOLOGIA
MEDICAME
Coloides 2,9%
NTOS
Medio de
contraste 24 a Penicilinas 7-10%
3.1%
Cefalosporinas
Heparina 5%
8-10%
Vancomicina
5-14%
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL AUGUST 2017.
VOLUME 140, NUMBER 2
ETIOLOGIA
Medicamentos MENOS
tópicos COMUNES
Ruptura de
Aditivos
quiste
alimentarios
hidatídico
Aero
alérgenos
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL AUGUST 2017.
VOLUME 140, NUMBER 2
FACTORES DE RIESGO
FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA ANAFILAXIA:
EDAD
SEXO
ASMA
HISTORIA DE ATOPIA
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
FACTORES DE RIESGO
COMORBILIDADES(ASMA)
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
FISIOPATOLOGIA
Respuesta de hipersensibilidad
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Fisiopatología anafilaxia
Resulta de la activación de
factores de inflamación.
Degranulación de
mastocitos y basófilos.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Fisiopatologia anafilaxia
Y Otros
desencadenante de la
degranulación de los
mastocitos y basófilos
no dependiente de
IgE.
-Inmunocomplejos
IgG, productos de
complemento,
neuropeptidos,
opiáceos y radio
contraste.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Mecanismos de shock anafiláctico
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
1.-MECANISMOS DESENCADENANTES
REACCION ANAFILACTOIDE
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Reacción anafiláctica mediada por IgE
exposiciones
subsecuentes el
antígeno se
une a
porciones FAB
de dos
Bajo la moléculas IGE
influencia de ligadas a
MAS COMUN cel. T Helper superficie
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Normalmente 100mil moléculas ligadas a
superficie de IgE por mastocito.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
REACCION ANAFILACTOIDE
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Activación del complemento
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Activación del sistema de coagulación
Vasodilatación y
Activación por la aumento de la
vía facto XII permeabilidad
hagemann, vascular.
Opioides y radio-contraste
Asa, AINES,
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care
Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018.
Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and
treatment, 1994 Emergency Medicine.
Emergency treatment of anaphylactic
Causas físicas, raras, idiopáticos
Reacciones severas.
Enzimas
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment,
1994 Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working
Group of the Resuscita
incluyen: prostaglandinas
D2, tromboxano A2,
forma prostaglandinas y
leucotrienos B4, C, D y E4,
tromboxano, lipoxigenasa
Acido araquidonico por la cicloxigenasa. factor activador plaquetas,
los cuales forman
FNT, citocinas e
leucotrienos.
interleucinas, adenosina y
radicales libres
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment,
1994 Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working
Group of the Resuscita
Síntesis de mediadores de mastocitos
Metabolito ac. araquidonic
•VIA DE LA CICLOXIGENASA •VIA DE LA LIPOXIGENASA
Tromboxano A 2 LEUCOTRIENOS LTB 4
Prostaglandina D 2 LEUCOTRIENOS LTC,LTD,LTE
FACTOR ACTIVADOR CITOQUINAS INTERLEUCINA
PLAQUETAS TNF
FACTOR ESTIMULADOR
MACROFAGOS-
GRANULOCITOS
ADENOSINA
RADICALES LIBRES
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
3.- farmacología clínica
Mediadores primarios:
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
Acción de los mediadores de
mastocitos.
Activadores inflamación Espasmo Agentes quimio tácticos
histamina histamina FACTOR QUIMIOTACTICO
DE NEUTROFILOS
Factor aplicador plaquetas Prostaglandina D 2 FACTOR QUIMIOTACTICO
EOSINOFILOS
triptasa LTC 4 LTB 4
Bradicinina LTD 4
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
Causas:
Arritmias Hipovolemia
Efectos directo del mediador Vasodilatación
hipoxia Incremento de la permeabilidad vas
hipotensión Disminución del retorno
acidosis
Pre-excitación cardiaca
Drogas exógenas
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
causas
Disminución de contractilidad miocárdica Hipertensión pulmonar
hipoxia Vasoconstricción mediada
Isquemia miocárdica Taponamiento Microvascular
acidosis
Efectos directos del mediador
Drogas exógenas
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
DX:CUADRO CLINICO
A) SINTOMAS RESPIRATORIOS
B) HIPOTENSIÓN O DISFUNCIÓN ORGANICA
2 2 O MAS DE LAS SIGUIENTES CONDICIONES QUE APARECEN
RAPIDAMENTE DESPUES DE CONTACTO CON EL ALERGENO
A)SINTOMAS MUCOCUTANEOS
B) COMPLICACIONES RESPIRATORIAS
C) HIPOTENSION Y DATOS DE DISFUNCIÓN ORGANICA
D) PERSISTENCIA DE SINTOMAS GASTROINTESTINALES
3 REDUCCION DE LA PRESION ARTERIAL DESPUES DE HABER ESTADO EN
CONTACTO CON EL ALERGENO.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
DX:CUADRO CLINICO
A) SINTOMAS RESPIRATORIOS
B) HIPOTENSIÓN O DISFUNCIÓN ORGANICA
2 2 O MAS DE LAS SIGUIENTES CONDICIONES QUE APARECEN
RAPIDAMENTE DESPUES DE CONTACTO CON EL ALERGENO
A)SINTOMAS MUCOCUTANEOS
B) COMPLICACIONES RESPIRATORIAS
C) HIPOTENSION Y DATOS DE DISFUNCIÓN ORGANICA
D) PERSISTENCIA DE SINTOMAS GASTROINTESTINALES
3 REDUCCION DE LA PRESION ARTERIAL DESPUES DE HABER ESTADO EN
CONTACTO CON EL ALERGENO.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
DX:CUADRO CLINICO
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL AUGUST 2017.
VOLUME 140, NUMBER 2
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
REACCION UNIFASICA:
CORRESPONDE AL
TRATAMIENTO
70 A 90%
PICO DE SINTOMAS
30 A 60 MIN NO RECURRENCIA
DE SINTOMAS
INICIO DE
SINTOMAS
REMITE < 2 HRS
EXPOSICION A
SIN SINTOMAS ANTIGENO 1 – 2 HRS
POSTERIORES
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL. AUGUST 2017.
140 (2): 1 – 13.
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
REACCION BIFASICA
Recurrencia de los síntomas
después de la remisión
inicial del cuadro clínico.
SINTOMAS ABDOMINAL
ANGIODEMA, URTICARIA,
ETC
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL. AUGUST 2017.
140 (2): 1 – 13.
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
REACCION ANAFILACTICA PERSISTENTE:
TRATAMIENTO
PERSISTENCIA DE SINTOMAS
EXPOSICION A
ANTIGENO MAS DE 24 HRS
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL. AUGUST 2017.
CHOQUE ANAFILACTICO
DX:CUADRO CLINICO
SINTOMAS %
URTICARIA Y/O ANGIOEDEMA 88
EDEMA DE VIA AEREA 56
DISNEA 47
RUBOR 46
HIPOTENSION 33
GASTROINTESTINALES 30
RINITIS 16
CEFALEA 15
DOLOR SUBESTERNAL 6
PRURITO SIN URTICARIA 5
SHOCK 2
Mariana Castells. Diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in precision medicine. J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUNOL. AUGUST 2017.
Diagnostico diferencial
DISREGULACION NEUROLOGICA Y PRUEBAS SUGESTIVAS
AUTONOMICA
REACCIONES VASOVAGALES CLINICA/ECG/
CONVULCIONES EEG
CHOQUE CARDIOGENICO ECOCARDIOGRAMA
CHOQUE HEMORRAGICO CLINICA
CHOQUE DISTRIBUTIVO CULTIVO BACTERIAS
FEOCROMOCITOMA CATECOLAMINAS SERICAS
CARCINOMA MEDULAR DE TIROIDES CALCITONINA SERICA
VANCOMICINA HISTORIA/CLINICA
ANGIOEDEMA MEDIADA POR INHIBIDORES C4,C1,
BRADIQUININA
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Diagnostico
TRIPTASA SERICA
Pico 60-90min
Persistir 6 horas.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
DIAGNOSTICO
Histamina plasmática
DE POCA UTILIDAD
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
DIAGNOSTICO
Otros.
Indicativos de disparadores .
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
• TRATAMIENTO
Manejo inicial
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of
the Resuscita
Pacientes con reacción anafiláctica en cualquier
entorno debe esperar lo siguiente :
Reconocimiento de que están gravemente enfermos.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
Problemas de las vías respiratorias:
Hinchazón de las vías
respiratorias, y la
lengua, faringe /
laringe edema.
dificultad para
respirar, tragar y
sentir que la garganta
se está cerrando
Voz ronca.
Estridor
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of
the Resuscita
Problemas respiratorios:
• mayor
Paciente
frecuencia Sibilancias.
cansado.
respiratoria.
• Confusión
causada por
hipoxia.
• Cianosis
• Paro
respiratorio
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Problemas de circulación:
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Deterioro neurológico
Agitación
Disminución y
perdida del
estado de alerta
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994 Emergency
Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the Resuscita
Exposición
Cambios en la piel y / o la mucosa
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
• El tratamiento específico de una reacción
anafiláctica depende de:
1.-Ubicación.
3. Número de respondedores.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
Posición del
paciente
Remover de ser
posible el
alérgeno
Iniciar
maniobras de
RCP de acuerdo
a las guías .
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care
Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018.
Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and
treatment, 1994 Emergency Medicine.
Emergency treatment of anaphylactic
MEDICAMENTOS
ADRENALINA
la actividad beta,
dilatación bronquial,
aumento de fuerza de
contracción del miocardio,
y suprime la liberación de
histamina y leucotrieno.
Mastocitos: inhiben la
activación y atenúa la
severidad de las
reacciones alérgicas
mediadas por IgE.
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
• Hay un • No • La ruta IM
Aplicación mayor requiere es más fácil
IM: margen de acceso de
seguridad. intravenoso. aprender.
En intervalos de 0.15ml
5 min, hasta que >6meses-6 años.
responda . <6meses 0.15ml
La administración de
Lamentablemente,
estos tratamientos "esperan a ver si el
uno de los más
nunca debe retrasar antihistamínico
razones comunes
la administración de funcionará. "
para su retraso
epinefrina
Contemporary Reviews in Critical Care Medicine, CHEST FEBRUARY 2018. Anaphylactic shock: mechanisms and treatment, 1994
Emergency Medicine. Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions Guidelines for healthcare providers, Working Group of the
Resuscita
Anti-Histaminicos H1 y H2 Y Esteroides