MODELOS TERCER PARCIAL

Interpolar para y=1.65 y encontrar x. Para el siguiente conjunto discreto de datos:

Método de Lagrange

La ordenada a obtener por interpolación es:

n
x ((y)) ＝ P ((y)) ＝ ∑ x ((yi)) ⋅ Li ((y)) n = Numero de datos
i=1

Productorio: n
y - yj
Li ((y)) ＝ ∏ ――― Para i≠j
j=1 yi - yj

Especificar el numero de abscisas y ordenadas

Abscisas:

x1 ≔ 0 x2 ≔ 1.5 x3 ≔ 3 x4 ≔ 4.5 x5 ≔ 6 x6 ≔ 7.5 x7 ≔ 9 x8 ≔ 10.5

Ordenadas:

y1 ≔ 0.3 y2 ≔ 0.9 y3 ≔ 1.7 y4 ≔ 3.5 y5 ≔ 4.2 y6 ≔ 6 y7 ≔ 8.3 y8 ≔ 10

Para i=1 hasta n y ≔ 1.65 Para i≠j

y - y2 y - y3 y - y4 y - y5 y - y6 y - y7 y - y8
L1 ≔ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― = -0.009
y1 - y2 y1 - y3 y1 - y4 y1 - y5 y1 - y6 y1 - y7 y1 - y8

y - y1 y - y3 y - y4 y - y5 y - y6 y - y7 y - y8
L2 ≔ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― = 0.054
y2 - y1 y2 - y3 y2 - y4 y2 - y5 y2 - y6 y2 - y7 y2 - y8

y - y1 y - y2 y - y4 y - y5 y - y6 y - y7 y - y8
L3 ≔ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― = 0.972
y3 - y1 y3 - y2 y3 - y4 y3 - y5 y3 - y6 y3 - y7 y3 - y8

y - y1 y - y2 y - y3 y - y5 y - y6 y - y7 y - y8
L4 ≔ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― = -0.038
y4 - y1 y4 - y2 y4 - y3 y4 - y5 y4 - y6 y4 - y7 y4 - y8

y - y1 y - y2 y - y3 y - y4 y - y6 y - y7 y - y8
L5 ≔ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― = 0.023
y5 - y1 y5 - y2 y5 - y3 y5 - y4 y5 - y6 y5 - y7 y5 - y8

y - y1 y - y2 y - y3 y - y4 y - y5 y - y7 y - y8
L6 ≔ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― = -0.003
y6 - y1 y6 - y2 y6 - y3 y6 - y4 y6 - y5 y6 - y7 y6 - y8

y - y1 y - y2 y - y3 y - y4 y - y5 y - y6 y - y8
L7 ≔ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― = 2.885 ⋅ 10 -4
y7 - y1 y7 - y2 y7 - y3 y7 - y4 y7 - y5 y7 - y6 y7 - y8

y - y1 y - y2 y - y3 y - y4 y - y5 y - y6 y - y7
L8 ≔ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ――― = -3.678 ⋅ 10 -5
y8 - y1 y8 - y2 y8 - y3 y8 - y4 y8 - y5 y8 - y6 y8 - y7
Entonces:

x ≔ x1 ⋅ L1 + x2 ⋅ L2 + x3 ⋅ L3 + x4 ⋅ L4 + x5 ⋅ L5 + x6 ⋅ L6 + x7 ⋅ L7 + x8 ⋅ L8 = 2.949

Solución:

Para y=1.65 entonces x=2.949

Método de Neville

i Fila r columna

1. Valores iniciales para i=1 hasta n

P10 ≔ x1 = 0 P20 ≔ x2 = 1.5 P30 ≔ x3 = 3 P40 ≔ x4 = 4.5 P50 ≔ x5 = 6 P60 ≔ x6 = 7.5

P70 ≔ x7 = 9 P80 ≔ x8 = 10.5

2. Valores siguientes

Para r = 1 hasta n-1

Para i = r+1 hasta n

Para r = 1
Para i = 2 Para i = 3
((y2 - y)) ⋅ P10 - ((y1 - y)) ⋅ P20 ((y3 - y)) ⋅ P20 - ((y2 - y)) ⋅ P30
P21 ≔ ―――――――――= 3.375 P31 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.906
y2 - y1 y3 - y2

Para i = 4 Para i = 5
((y4 - y)) ⋅ P30 - ((y3 - y)) ⋅ P40 ((y5 - y)) ⋅ P40 - ((y4 - y)) ⋅ P50
P41 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.958 P51 ≔ ―――――――――= 0.536
y4 - y3 y5 - y4

Para i = 6 Para i = 7
((y6 - y)) ⋅ P50 - ((y5 - y)) ⋅ P60 ((y7 - y)) ⋅ P60 - ((y6 - y)) ⋅ P70
P61 ≔ ―――――――――= 3.875 P71 ≔ ―――――――――= 4.663
y6 - y5 y7 - y6

Para i = 8
((y8 - y)) ⋅ P70 - ((y7 - y)) ⋅ P80
P81 ≔ ―――――――――= 3.132
y8 - y7

Para r = 2

Para i = 3 Para i = 4
((y3 - y)) ⋅ P21 - ((y1 - y)) ⋅ P31 ((y4 - y)) ⋅ P31 - ((y2 - y)) ⋅ P41
P32 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.923 P42 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.921
y3 - y1 y4 - y2
Para i = 5 Para i = 6
((y5 - y)) ⋅ P41 - ((y3 - y)) ⋅ P51 ((y6 - y)) ⋅ P51 - ((y4 - y)) ⋅ P61
P52 ≔ ―――――――――= 3.007 P62 ≔ ―――――――――= -1.935
y5 - y3 y6 - y4

Para i = 7 Para i = 8
((y7 - y)) ⋅ P61 - ((y5 - y)) ⋅ P71 ((y8 - y)) ⋅ P71 - ((y6 - y)) ⋅ P81
P72 ≔ ―――――――――= 3.385 P82 ≔ ―――――――――= 6.328
y7 - y5 y8 - y6

Para r = 3

Para i = 4 Para i = 5
((y4 - y)) ⋅ P32 - ((y1 - y)) ⋅ P42 ((y5 - y)) ⋅ P42 - ((y2 - y)) ⋅ P52
P43 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.922 P53 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.941
y4 - y1 y5 - y2

Para i = 6 Para i = 7
((y6 - y)) ⋅ P52 - ((y3 - y)) ⋅ P62 ((y7 - y)) ⋅ P62 - ((y4 - y)) ⋅ P72
P63 ≔ ―――――――――= 3.064 P73 ≔ ―――――――――= -3.986
y6 - y3 y7 - y4

Para i = 8
((y8 - y)) ⋅ P72 - ((y5 - y)) ⋅ P82
P83 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.091
y8 - y5

Para r = 4

Para i = 5 Para i = 6
((y5 - y)) ⋅ P43 - ((y1 - y)) ⋅ P53 ((y6 - y)) ⋅ P53 - ((y2 - y)) ⋅ P63
P54 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.929 P64 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.959
y5 - y1 y6 - y2

Para i = 7 Para i = 8
((y7 - y)) ⋅ P63 - ((y3 - y)) ⋅ P73 ((y8 - y)) ⋅ P73 - ((y4 - y)) ⋅ P83
P74 ≔ ―――――――――= 3.118 P84 ≔ ―――――――――= -5.715
y7 - y3 y8 - y4

Para r = 5

Para i = 6 Para i = 7
((y6 - y)) ⋅ P54 - ((y1 - y)) ⋅ P64 ((y7 - y)) ⋅ P64 - ((y2 - y)) ⋅ P74
P65 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.936 P75 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.975
y6 - y1 y7 - y2

Para i = 8
((y8 - y)) ⋅ P74 - ((y3 - y)) ⋅ P84
P85 ≔ ―――――――――= 3.171
y8 - y3
Para r = 6

Para i = 7 Para i = 8
((y7 - y)) ⋅ P65 - ((y1 - y)) ⋅ P75 ((y8 - y)) ⋅ P75 - ((y2 - y)) ⋅ P85
P76 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.942 P86 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.991
y7 - y1 y8 - y2

Para r = 7

Para i = 8
((y8 - y)) ⋅ P76 - ((y1 - y)) ⋅ P86
P87 ≔ ―――――――――= 2.949
y8 - y1

Cuadro ilustrativo:

Solución:

Para y=1.65 entonces x=2.949