gqt ly iriay lil oewiz

Tikún para la noche de

Shebií de Pesaj

COMUNIDAD
MONTE SINAI
~1~
 jxp ka hghca khk iueh, rsx

gqt ly iriay lil oewiz xcq

ohnhv ,snj kgc crv urej odu ubhfv
,tzv vkhkv ka vbntb vthre ;eu, kf ,t v
trp oanu

,urha vragv utreh vburjtv vkhk hmjc

c -
t erp ,hatrc
í¥pRÎl
§ r© KW ¤ g− e§ EdŸaë ½ ÆEdŸz̧ d¬z̈§i «d̈ ux¤`À̈ d̈e§ a :ux¤` «¨ d̈ z¬¥̀ e§ m¦i−©nẌd© z¬¥̀ mi®¦dŸl` ¡ `x´¨Ä zi−¦W`x¥A§ `
`x¯© § Ie© c :xF`Îi « d§ ¦ i«e© xF`Îi ® d§ ¦ i mi−¦dŸl` ¡ xn`Ÿ ¤ ¬Ie© b :m¦iÖ « d© i¬p¥ RÎl§ r© zt−¤ ¤ gx©n§ midŸl ½¦ ` ¡ gE © x́e§ mFd® z§
mF½i ÆxF`l̈ | mi³¦dŸl` ¡ `x¸¨w¦ § Ie© d :KW ¤ Ÿg« d© oi¬¥aE xF −̀ d̈ oi¬¥A midŸl ½¦ ` ¡ l´¥Ca© § Ie© aFhÎi ® M¦ xF −̀ d̈Îz ¤̀ mi²¦dŸl` ¡
m¦i®Öd© KFźA§ ri © w−¦ x¨ i¬¦d§i midŸl ½¦ ` ¡ xn`Ÿ ¤ Íe© e t :c«g̈ ¤̀ mF¬i xwŸ¤ aÎi − d§ ¦ i«e© ax¤rÎi ¬¤ d§ ¦ i«e© dl̈§i®l̈ `x¨ ´ẅ KW ¤ Ÿg− l© e§
ri
© w½¦ x«l̈ ¨ zg´© © Yn¦ ÆxW£̀ ¤ Æmi¦ O©¸ d© oi³¥A lCÀ¥ a© § Ie© ri¼© w¦ x«d̈Îz
¨ ¤̀ m» idŸl¦ ` ¡ Ur´© © Ie© f :m¦in̈ « l̈ m¦i−©n oi¬¥A liC½¦ a§ n© i´¦die¦
mF¬i xwŸ¤ aÎi − d§ ¦ i«e© ax¤rÎi ¬¤ d§ ¦ i«e© m¦i®n̈Ẅ ri © w−¦ x«l̈¨ mi²¦dŸl` ¡ `x¯¨w¦ § Ie© g :o«kÎi ¥ d§ ¦ i«e© ri
© w®¦ x«l̈¨ lr´©n¥ x−¤W£̀ m¦iO©½ d© oi´¥aE
d®ẄÄ©Id© d−¤̀ x¨z «¥ e§ cg̈½ ¤̀ mFẃn̈Îl ¤̀ Æmi¦ n©¸ Ẍd© zg³© © Yn¦ m¦iO©¹ d© EȩT̈¦i midŸl À¦ ` ¡ xn`Ÿ ¤ Íe© h t :i«p¦ W ¥
:aFhÎi « M¦ mi−¦dŸl` ¡ `x¬© § Ie© mi®¦O©i `x´¨ẅ m¦i−©Od© d¬¥ew§ n¦ lE § ux¤ ¤̀½ ÆdẄÄ©Il© | mi³¦dŸl` ¡ `x¸¨w¦ § Ie© i :o«kÎi
¥ d§ ¦ i«e©
x¬¤W£̀ Fpi ½ n¦ l§ Æix¦R§ dUŸ³ ¤ r ixº¦R§ ur´¥ rx½©f¤ ri © x§´¦fn© aU ¤ r¥µ `W ¤ CÀ¤ Æux¤`¨¸ d̈ `³¥Wc§ Y «© midŸl À¦ ` ¡ xn`Ÿ ¤ Íe© `i
ix²¦RÎd§ UŸ ¤ r« ur¯¥e§ Edp¥½ in¦ l§ Ærx¤̧©f ri © x§³¦fn© aU ¤ r´¥ `W ¤ C¤Â ux¤`¹̈ d̈ `vFY© ¥̧ e ai :o«kÎi ¥ d§ ¦ i«e© ux®¨ ¤ `d̈Îlr© FaÎFr − x©§f
t :iWi«¦ l¦ W§ mF¬i xwŸ¤ aÎi − d§ ¦ i«e© ax¤rÎi ¬¤ d§ ¦ i«e© bi :aFhÎi « M¦ mi−¦dŸl` ¡ `x¬© § Ie© Ed®¥pin¦ l§ FaÎFr − x©§f x¬¤W£̀
ÆzŸzŸ`l§ E³id̈e§ dl̈§i®N̈d© oi´¥aE mFI−d© oi¬¥A liC¾¦ a§ d© l§ m¦in©½ Ẍd© ri © w´¦ x§A¦ ÆzŸxŸ`n§ i³¦d§i midŸl À¦ ` ¡ xn`Ÿ ¤ Íe© ci
:o«kÎi
¥ d§ ¦ i«e© ux®¨ ¤ `d̈Îlr© xi−¦`d̈l§ m¦in©½ Ẍd© ri © w´¦ x§A¦ ÆzŸxF`n§ l¦ E³id̈e§ eh :mi«p¦ Ẅe§ mi−¦nïlE § mic½¦ rF £ ńlE §
xF ³̀ ÖdÎz © ¤̀ e§ mF½Id© zl´¤ ¤ Wn§ n¤ l§ ÆlŸcB̈d© xF ³̀ ÖdÎz © ¤̀ mi®¦lŸcB§ d© zŸxŸ−`O§ d© i¬p¥ WÎz § ¤̀ midŸl ½¦ ` ¡ Ur´© © Ie© fh
xi−¦`d̈l§ m¦i®n̈Ẍd© ri © w´¦ x§A¦ mi−¦dŸl` ¡ m²z̈Ÿ` o¬¥Y¦Ie© fi :mia«¦ k̈FM« d© z−¥̀ e§ dl̈§iN©½ d© zl´¤ ¤ Wn§ n¤ l§ ÆoŸhT̈d©
:aFhÎi « M¦ mi−¦dŸl` ¡ `x¬© § Ie© KW ¤ g® d© oi´¥aE xF −̀ d̈ oi¬¥A liC½¦ a§ d© l§ E« dl̈§iN©½ aE © mFÍA© ÆlŸWn§ l¦ e§ gi :ux¤` «¨ d̈Îlr©
ÆsFre§ d®Ïg© W¤t´¤p ux−¤ ¤ W m¦iO©½ d© Ev́x§W¦ § i midŸl ½¦ ` ¡ xn`Ÿ ¤ Íe© k t :iri «¦ a¦ x§ mF¬i xwŸ¤ aÎi − d§ ¦ i«e© ax¤rÎi ¬¤ d§ ¦ i«e© hi
z´¥̀ e§ mi®¦lŸcB§ d© m−¦piP¦ Y© dÎz © ¤̀ midŸl ½¦ ` ¡ `x´¨a¦ § Ie© `k :m¦in̈ « Ẍd© ri © w¬¦ x§ i−p¥ RÎl § r© ux¤`¨½ d̈Îlr© s´¥tFr§i
mi−¦dŸl` ¡ `x¬© § Ie© Edp¥½ in¦ l§ Æsp̈M̈ sFrÎl ³ M̈ z`¥̧ e§ md¥ ¤À pin«¦ l§ m¦iO©¹ d© Ev̧x«§Ẅ ÁxW£̀ ¤ zU ¤ nŸ¤¿ x «d̈ | d´Ïg«© © d W¤t´¤pÎlM̈
:ux¤` «¨ Ä a¤x¬¦i sFr− d̈e§ miO© ½¦ IA© Æmi¦ O©¸ dÎz© ¤̀ E ³̀ l§ nE ¦ EaÀ xE§ Ex́R§ xŸ®n`l¥ mi−¦dŸl` ¡ m²z̈Ÿ` Kx¯ä§ ¤ ie© ak :aFhÎi « M¦
Dp̈½ in¦ l§ ÆdÏg© W¤t³¤p ux¤`¹̈ d̈ `vFY ¥̧ midŸlÀ¦ ` ¡ xn`Ÿ ¤ Íe© ck t :iWi «¦ n£ ¦ g mF¬i xwŸ¤ aÎi − d§ ¦ i«e© ax¤rÎi ¬¤ d§ ¦ i«e© bk
DÀ̈pin¦ l§ ux¤`¹̈ d̈ z¸I© gÎz © ¤̀ ÁmidŸl ¦ ` ¡ Ur´© © Ie© dk :o«kÎi ¥ d§ ¦ i«e© D®p̈in¦ l§ ux−¤̀ ¤ ÎFz§ig «© e§ Un²¤ ¤ xë d¬n̈d¥ A§
midŸl ½¦ ` ¡ xn`Ÿ ¤ Íe© ek :aFhÎi « M¦ mi−¦dŸl` ¡ `x¬© § Ie© Ed®¥pin¦ l§ d−n̈c̈ £̀ «d̈ Un¬¤ ¤ xÎlM̈ z²¥̀ e§ Dp̈½ in¦ l§ Ædn̈d¥ A§ dÎz © ¤̀ e§
ux¤`¨½ d̈Îlk̈aE § Ædn̈d¥ A§ aE © m¦in©À Ẍd© sFŕaE § m¹̈Id© z¸b© c§ a¦ ÁECx¦§ie§ Ep®¥zEnc§ M¦ Ep−¥nl© § vA§ m²c̈`¨ d¬¤Ur«£ p©
~2~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx
`x´¨Ä mi−¦dŸl` ¡ ml¬¤ ¤ vA§ Fn½ l© § vA§ Æmc̈`«d̈Îz
¨ ¤̀ | mi³¦dŸl` ¡ `x¸¨a¦§ Ie© fk :ux¤` «¨ d̈Îlr© U¬¥nŸx «d̈ Un−¤ ¤ xd̈Îlk̈aE §
E`¬ l§ nE
¦ Ea² xE§ Ex¬ R§ midŸl À¦ ` ¡ md¤¹ l̈ xn`ŸI̧© ¤ e mi ¼ dŸl
¦ ` ¡ m» z̈Ÿ` Kx´ä§ ¤ ie© gk :mz̈ « Ÿ` `x¬¨Ä d−äw¥ pE § x¬k̈f̈ FzŸ ®`
xn`Ÿ
¤ Íe© hk :ux¤` «¨ d̈Îlr© zU¬¤ ¤ nŸx «d̈ d−ÏgÎl
© k̈aE § m¦in©½ Ẍd© sFŕaE § ÆmÏd© z³©bc§ A¦ Ecº xE§ d̈®ªWa§ k¦ e§ ux−¨
¤ `d̈Îz ¤̀
ur²¥d̈ÎlM̈Îz ¤̀ e§ ux¤`¨½ d̈Îlk̈ í¥pRÎl § r© ÆxW£̀ ¤ rxÀ©f¤ r© xŸ´¥f | aU ¤ rÎl
´¥ M̈Îz ¤̀ mk¤¹ l̈ iY¦ zp̈ ©¸ Ád¥Pd¦ midŸl À¦ ` ¡
| lŸḱlE§ m¦in©¹ Ẍd© sFŗÎlk̈lE § ux¤`¨Âd¨Â z´©IgÎl © k̈l§ E« l :d«l̈k§ `¨ l§ d−¤id«§ i¦ m¬¤kl̈ r©x®f̈ r© xŸ´¥f urÎi −¥ x¦t§ FAÎx
¬ W£̀ ¤
ÆmidŸl¦ ` ¡ `x³©§ Ie© `l :o«kÎi ¥ d§ ¦ i«e© d®l̈k§ `¨ l§ aU ¤ r−¥ w¤x¬¤iÎlM̈Îz ¤̀ d½Ïg© W¤t´¤p ÆFAÎxW£̀ ¤ ux¤`À̈ d̈Îlr© U´¥nFx
EN² k§
ª ie© ` (‡a wxt) t :iX «¦ X¦ d© mF¬i xwŸ¤ aÎi
− d§ ¦ i«e© ax¤rÎi
¬¤ d§¦ i«e© cŸ`® n§ aFhÎd¥
− Pd¦ e§ dܽ r̈ x´¤W£̀ ÎlM̈Îz ¤̀
mFÍA© ÆzŸAW¦ § Ie© d®Ür̈ x´¤W£̀ FY− k` § l© n§ iri½¦ a¦ X§ d© mFÍA© ÆmidŸl¦ ` ¡ l³©k§ie© a :m` «¨ ävÎl
§ k̈e§ ux−¨ ¤ `d̈e§ m¦i¬©nẌd©
Fa³ i´¦M FzŸ® ` W−¥Cw§ © ie© iri
½¦ a¦ X§ d© mFíÎz ¤̀ ÆmidŸl ¦ ` ¡ Kx³ä§
¤ ie© b :dÜ « r̈ x¬¤W£̀ FY− k` § l© nÎl§ M̈n¦ iri ½¦ a¦ X§ d©
:zFU« r«© £ l mi−¦dŸl` ¡ `x¬¨ÄÎxW£̀ ¤ FY½ k`§ l© nÎl § M̈n¦ Æza© Ẅ

tf erp rcsnc (1

i´¥aic¦ p§ Æd̈Ex̧M̈ mixÀ¦Ü d̈Ex́ẗ£g x º¥̀ A§ gi :D«l̈ÎEpr¡ x−¥̀ a§ i¬¦lr£ z`Ÿ®Gd© dxi −¨ X¦ dÎz
© ¤̀ l ¥̀½ x¨U¦ § i xi´¦Wï f`¨µ fi
zFnÀ ÄnE ¦ k :zFn« Ä l−¥̀ il£ ¦ g«P© nE
¦ l®¥̀ il£
¦ g«p© d−p̈ŸO© nE¦ hi :d«p̈Ÿn© x−Äc§ O¦ nE
¦ m®z̈Ÿpr£ W§ n¦ A§ wwŸ−¥gn§ A¦ mr̈½ d̈
:oŸni
« W§
¦ id© i¬p¥ RÎl
§ r© dẗw−¨W¦§ pe§ d®B̈q§ R¦ d© W`Ÿx− a`Fn
¨½ d´¥cU§ A¦ ÆxW£̀¤ Æ`i§ B© d©

ck erp ohrcs (2

i®¦zx¨n§ `¦ l−©HM© l¬©GY¦ ig½¦ w§ l¦ ÆxḧÖM© sŸx³r«© £ i a :i«tÎi
¦ x¥n§ `¦ ux−¨ ¤ `d̈ r¬©nW§ z¦ e§ dẍ®¥Ac© £̀ «e© m¦i−©nẌd© Epi¬¦f £̀ d«© `
ÆxESd© c :Epi«dŸl`« ¥ l¥ lcŸ− ¤ b Ea¬ d̈ `®¨ xw§ ¤̀ dF̈d§
− i m¬¥W i²¦M b :aU ¤ rÎi
«¥ l¥ r£ mi−¦aia¦ x§k¦ e§ `W ¤ cÎi
½¤ l¥ r£ mxi ´¦ r¦ U§ M¦
ei´p̈Ä `Ÿl− Fl² z¬¥gW¦ d :`Ed« x−Ẅïe§ wiC© ¬¦ v l¤er̈½ oi´¥̀ e§ Ædp̈En`¡ l³¥̀ h®R̈W§ n¦ ei−k̈x¨CÎl § k̈ i¬¦M Fl½ r« ¢ R̈ mi´¦nŸ
Lp¤½ T̈ Li´¦a`¨ Æ`EdÎ`Fl£d m®k̈g̈ `Ÿl´ e§ l−äp̈ mr¬© z`Ÿ½fÎEln§ b§ Y¦ ÆdF̈dil§ d© e :lŸY« l§ z© tE § WT−¥r¦ xFC¬ m®n̈En
:K«l̈ Exn`Ÿ § ¬ie§ Li−p¤ w§ ¥ f Lc§ B¥½ i© e§ ÆLia¸¦ `¨ l³©`W§ xŸcë ® xŸC zFṕW§ Epi−¦A ml̈½ Fr zFń§i ÆxŸkf§ f :L«p¤ £pŸk§ « i«e© L− U§ r̈« `E¬d
wl¬¥¤ g i²¦M h :l«¥̀ x¨U¦ § i i¬p¥ A§ x−©Rq§ n¦ l§ miO½¦ r© zŸl´ aª B§ ÆaS¥ i© m®c̈`¨ í¥pA§ Fci− x¦t§ d© A§ m½i¦ FB ÆoFil§ r¤ l³¥gp§ d© A§ g
¤̧ aŸq§« i oŸ®nW§
Edp¥½ £pFá§i ÆEdp§ a£ ¦ i l´¥l§i EdŸz− aE § xĽ c§ n¦ ux´¤̀ ¤ A§ ÆEd`v̈ ¥̧ n¦ § i i :Fz« l̈£g«p© la¬¤ ¤ g aŸw− r«© £ i FO® r© d−F̈d§i
Ed−¥̀ V̈¦i Edg¥½ T̈¦i Æeiẗp̈M§ UŸx³t¦ § i s®¤gx§©i ei−l̈f̈FBÎl« r© FP½ w¦ xirï ´¦ ÆxW¤̧ ¤ pM§ `i :Fpi « r¥ oFWi ¬ `¦ M§ Edp−¤ § xS¦§i
zŸáEpY§ l−©k`ŸIe© ux¤`¨½ ize¢ ¥ n´ÄÎlr© ÆEda¥̧ M¦ x©§i bi :x«k̈p¥ l¬¥̀ FO− r¦ oi¬¥̀ e§ EP®¤gp©§ i c ´c̈Ä d−F̈d§i ai :Fz« x¨a§ ¤̀ Îlr©
mix¹¦M̈ al¤ gÎm ¥̧ r¦ o`ŸÀv a´¥l£g«e© xw¹̈ Ä z`©¸ n§ g¤ ci :xEv« Wi¬¦nl§ g«¥ © n on−¤¤ We§ rl© Q¤½ n¦ ÆWa© c§ Edw³¥p«¦ I¥ e© i®c̈Ü
ÆoExW§ ª i o³©nW¦§ Ie© eh :xn«g̈Îd ¤ Y¤ W§ Y¦ a−p̈rÎm ¥ c©e§ d®Ḧg¦ zFíl§ M¦ al−¥ ¤ gÎmr¦ micEY ½¦ r© e§ ÆoẄäÎi«p¥ A§ mi³¦li ¥̀ e§
zŸa− rF ¥ z« A§ mixf̈ ®¦ A§ Ed−ª̀ p¦ w© § i fh :Fz« r̈W§ «ª i xE¬v l−¥A©pi§ e© Edܽ r̈ DF© ĺ` ¡ ÆWH¦Ie© z̈i®¦UM̈ z̈i´¦ar̈ Ÿp−© § nẄ hr̈½ a¦ § Ie©
mEx−r̈U§ `¬Ÿl E`Ľ aŸx́T̈n¦ ÆmiW¦ c̈£g mEr® c̈§i `Ÿl´ mi−¦dŸl` ¡ D© Ÿl½ ` ¡ `Ÿl´ Æmic¦ X ¥ l© EgÀ A§ § fi¦ fi :Edqi «ª r¦ k©§i
:eiz̈« ŸpaE
§ ei−p̈Ä qr¬© © Mn¦ u®¨`p¦§ Ie© d−F̈d§i `x¬© § Ie© hi :L«l£ ¤ lŸg« n§ l¬¥̀ g−©MW§ Y© ¦ e iW®¤¦ Y L− c«l̈§§ i xE¬v gi :m«ki ¤ zŸ ¥ a« £̀
:m«Ä o¬ªn ¥̀ Î`Ÿl« mi−¦pÄ dÖd¥½ ÆzŸkRª d§ Y© xFc³ i´¦M m®z̈ix£ ¦ g`
«© d´n̈ d−¤̀ x§ ¤̀ md¤½ n¥ Æip© ẗ dxi³¦ ¨ Yq§ `© xn`ŸÀ ¤ Ie© k
:m«qi¥ r¦ k§ `© l−äp̈ iF¬bA§ mr̈½ Î`ŸlA§ m´¥̀ ip¦ w§ `© Æip£̀ ¦ «e© m®¤dil¥ a§ d© A§ ipE ¦ q− r£ M«¦ l ¥̀½ Î`Ÿla§ ipE ¦ `´ p§ w¦ md¥µ `k
:mix«¦d̈ i¬¥cqF § n« h−¥dl© Y© § e Dl̈½ ai« ª e¦ Æux¤`¤̧ lk`Ÿ © Y©³ e zi®¦Yg§ Y© lF`´ WÎc § r© cwi −© Y© ¦ e iR½¦ `© a§ d´g̈c§ ẅ« ÆW ¥̀ ÎiM¦ ak

~3~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx
ÆzŸnd¥ AÎo § W ¤ e§ ixi®¦ x¦n§ ah¤ w´¤e§ sW−¤ ¤ x in¬ª
¥ glE § ar²¨x¨ i¬f¥ n§ ck :m«ÄÎdN¤ k© £̀ i−©Sg¦ zFr® x¨ Fni−¥lr̈ d¬¤Rq§ `© bk
ÆxEgÄÎm©B d®n̈i ¥̀ mix−¦c̈£gnE «¥ ax¤gÎl ¤½ M¤ W © Y§ ÆuEgn¦ dk :x«ẗr̈ i¬¥l£gŸ«f z−©n£gÎmr¦ mĽ ÎgN© W£̀ ©
qr³©© M ilEl¥À fk :mx«¨k¦ § f WFp¡ − `«¥O dz̈i¬¦AW§ `© m®¤di ¥̀ t§ `© iY¦ x−© § n`¨ ek :d«äiU ¥ Wi¬¦`Îmr¦ w−¥pFi dl̈½ EzAÎm© § B
c¬©aŸ` iF²bÎiM¦ gk :z`Ÿ«fÎlM̈ lr¬©R̈ d−F̈d§i `¬Ÿle§ dn̈x½¨ Ep´¥cï ÆExn`Ÿ« § iÎoR¤ Fni®¥ xv̈ Ex−M© § pi§ ÎoR¤ xEb½ `¨ Æa¥iF`
sŸC³ x¦§i dki º̈ ¥̀ l :mz̈ « ix£¦ g` «© l§ Epi−¦aï z`Ÿf® Eli´¦MU© § i En− k«g̈
§ E¬l hk :d«p̈EaY§ m−¤dÄ oi¬¥̀ e§ dÖ®¥d zFv− r¥
Ep−¥xEvk§ `¬Ÿl i²¦M `l :mxi «¨ B¦ q§ d¦ d−F̈di«e© mx½¨k̈n§ mxEvÎi ´¨ M«¦ Æ`ŸlÎm`¦ d®ääx§ Eqi´¦pï m¦i−©pWE § sl¤ ¤̀½ Æcg̈ ¤̀
z¬ŸlM§ W§ `© WFxÎi ½ a¥ P§ r¦ ÆFnap̈ ¥̧ r£ d®¨ xŸnr£ zŸn− c§ X © nE
¦ mp̈½ t©§ B ÆmŸcq§ o¤t³¤BnÎi
¦ M«¦ al :mili «¦ l¦ R§ Epi−¥a§iŸ`« e§ m®¨
xEv
mEz− g̈ ic®¦ Ör¦ q´ªnM̈ `EdÎ`Ÿl£ − d cl :x«f̈k§ `© mi−¦pz̈R§ W`Ÿx¬ e§ m®p̈i¥i m−¦piP¦ Y© z¬©n£g bl :Fn«l̈ zŸxŸ−xn§
:Fn«l̈ zŸc¬ z¦ r£ W−g̈e§ m ½c̈i ¥̀ mFí ÆaFxẅ i³¦M m®l̈b§ x© hEńŸ zr−¥l§ mN¥½ W¦ e§ Æmẅp̈ i³¦l dl :iz̈ « ŸxvF§ `« A§
x−©n`¨ e§ fl :aE «fr̈e§ xE¬vr̈ qt−¤̀ ¤ e§ c½ï zl§ © f´¨`ÎiM¦ Æd ¤̀ x¦§i i³¦M m®g̈¤pz¦§ i ei−c̈ärÎl
£ r© e§ FO½ r© ÆdF̈d§i oicïÎi³¦ M«¦ el
i¬¦d§i mk¤½ x§ªfr©
§ ie§ ÆEnEw̧ï m®k̈iq¦ p§ oí¥i EY− W¦ § i Elk`Ÿ ¥½ i ÆFnig¥̧ ä§f al³¥¤ g xW£̀ ¤̧ gl :Fa« Ei¬q̈g̈ xEv− Fni®¥dŸl` ¡ i´¥̀
ÆiY¦ v§ g©¸ n̈ dÀI¤ g© £̀ «e© zi´¦n`¨ i¯¦p£̀ ic®¦ Ör¦ mi−¦dŸl` ¡ oi¬¥̀ e§ `Ed½ Æip£̀
¦ i³¦p£̀ i´¦M dYÀ̈ r© | E`´ x§ hl :dx«¨z§ q¦ m−¤kil¥ r£
:m«l̈Ÿrl§ i−¦kŸp` «¨ i¬©g iY¦ x§n¾© `¨ e§ icï ®¦ m¦i−©nẄÎl ¤̀ `¬V̈ ¤̀ ÎiM«¦ n :li«S¦ n© icÏ −¦ n¦ oi¬¥̀ e§ `R̈½ x§ ¤̀ i´¦p£̀ «e©
:m«N¥ W£̀
© i−©`p§ U© n§ l¦ e§ ixv̈½¨ l§ Æmẅp̈ ai³¦W`¨ icï ®¦ h−R̈W§ n¦ A§ f¬¥g`Ÿze§ iA½¦ x§g© wx´©A§ ÆizFP ¦ WÎm
© `¦ `n
Epi³¦px§d© bn :a«¥iF` zFr¬ x§R© W`Ÿx−n¥ d½ïa§ W¦ e§ Æll̈g̈ m³© Cn¦ x®ÜÄ l´©k`ŸY i−¦Ax§g© e§ m ½C̈n¦ ÆiS© g¦ xi³¦MW§ `© an
:FO« r© Fz− n̈c§ `© x¬¤Rk¦ e§ eixv̈ ½¨ l§ ai´¦Wï Æmẅp̈e§ mFT¦ ® i ei−c̈ärÎm
£ c© i¬¦M FO½ r© Æmi¦ Fb

h erp gauvh (3
í¥pir¥ l§ | xn`Ÿ ¤ Íe© l®¥̀ x¨U¦§ i í¥pA§ i−p¥ t§ l¦ ixŸ½¦n`«d̈Îz
¡ ¤̀ ÆdëŸdi§ z³¥Y mFÀIA§ d½ëŸdi«©l Æ©rWFd§ ª i x³¥Ac§©i f´¨` ai
eiä½ i§ Ÿ`« ÆiFB mŸ¬T¦iÎcr© cnÀ̈ r̈ g´¥ © xïe§ Wn¤ X ¤¹ d© mŸÇ¦Ie© bi :oFlÏ
« `© wn¤ r¬¥A§ g−¥ © xïe§ mFC½ oFŕa§ b¦ A§ Wn¤ W
¤ µ l ¥̀À x¨U¦
§i
:min«¦ Ÿ mF¬iM§ `Fa− l̈ u¬¨`Î`Ÿl« e§ m¦in©½ Ẍd© i´¦v£gA«© ÆWn¤ X ¤̧ d© cŸn³ r«£ I© e© x®ẄÏd© xt´¥ ¤ qÎlr© d−äEzk§ `i¬¦dÎ`Ÿl£d
§ il§ m−g̈l§ p¦ d½ëŸdi§ i´¦M Wi®¦` lFẃA§ d−ëŸdi§ rŸ¬
:l«¥̀ x¨U¦ © nW§ l¦ eix£ ½¨g` «© e§ ei´p̈ẗl§ Æ`Edd© mF³IM© d¹ïd̈ `Ÿl¸ e§ ci

v erp ohypua (4
a−¥C©pz§ d¦ A§ l ¥̀½ x¨U¦§ iA§ ÆzFrx¨R§ rŸ© x³t§ A¦ a :xŸn` « l¥ `Ed− d© mF¬IA© mrŸ© p® ia¦ £̀ ÎoA¤ wx−¨äE dxFa ½¨ C§ xW´Ÿ©© e`
i¬¥dŸl`¡ d−ëŸdi«©l xO© ¥¾ f £̀ dxi¨ W¦½ `¨ i´¦kŸp`«¨ ÆdëŸdi«©l ikŸÀ¦ p`«¨ mi®¦p§fŸx« Epi−¦f £̀ d«© mik½¦ l̈n§ Eŕn§ W¦ b :d«ëŸdi§ Ek− x§Ä mr®¨
mi−¦ar̈Îm©B Et®ḧp̈ m¦i−©nẄÎm©B dẄr̈½ x¨ ux´¤̀ ¤ mFc½ ` ¡ d´¥cV§ n¦ ÆLC§ r© § vA§ Æxir¦ V § v¥ A§ dÀëŸdi§ c :l«¥̀ x¨U¦
¥ n¦ L³ z`« §i
Æzp̈rÎo£ A¤ x³©Bn§ W © ini º¥ A¦ e :l«¥̀ x¨U¦ § i i¬¥dŸl` ¡ d−ëŸdi§ i¾p¥ R§ n¦ ip©½ iq¦ d´¤f d®ëŸdi§ í¥pR§ n¦ El§
− f«p̈ mix¬¦d̈ d :m¦in̈ « Eth¬p̈§
EN®¥cg̈ l−¥̀ x¨U¦ § iA§ oF²fx¨t§ El̄c§ g̈ f :zFN« w© l§ w© r£ zFg− x¨ ¢̀ Ek¾ l¥ § i zFai ½ z¦ p§ i´¥klŸ§ de§ zFg® x¨ ¢̀ El− c«g̈
§ lrï ¥½ i´¥niA¦
o³¥bn̈ mix®¦r̈W§ m´¤gl̈ f−¨` miW¦½ c̈£g mi´¦dŸl` ¡ Æxg© a¦ § i g :l«¥̀ x¨U¦ § iA§ m−¥̀ iY¦ n§ T¬©W © dxFa ½¨ C§ ÆiY¦ n§ T©¸ W
© cr³©
Ek− x§Ä mr®¨Ä mi−¦aC©§ pz§ O«¦ d© l ¥̀½ x¨U¦ § i iw´¥wF § g« l§ ÆiA¦ l¦ h :l«¥̀ x¨U¦ § iA§ sl−¤̀¤ mir¬¦ Äx§`© A§ gnŸ© xë ½ Æd ¤̀ ẍ«¥iÎm`¦
oiA¥µ miv¦À v«©
§ gn§ lFT́n¦ `i :EgiU «¦ Kx−¤ ¤CÎlr© i¬¥klŸ§ d« e§ oiC²¦ nÎl ¦ r© i¯¥aW« § Ÿi zFxŸ¹ gv§ zFp̧Ÿz £̀ Áia¥ kŸ§ x« i :d«ëŸdi§
³¦ ai :d«ëŸdi§ Îmr© mix−¦r̈X§ l© Ec¬ x«ï
ixEr § f²¨` l®¥̀ x¨U¦ § iA§ FpŸ− fx§R¦ zŸ¬wc§ v¦ d½ëŸdi§ zFẃc§ v¦ ÆEPz§ © i m³Ẅ miA½¦ `© W§ n©
cix½¦Ü cx§ ´©i f`¨µ bi :mrŸ« © pia¦ £̀ ÎoA¤ L§ − ia§ W¤ d¬¥a£WE« wx²¨Ä mEw¬ xi®¦WÎix¦A§ C© ixE¦ r− ixE¦ r¬ dxFa ½¨ C§ ÆixEr ¦

~4~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx
Li®¤nn̈r« £ A© oi−¦nïp§ a¦ Li¬¤x£g` «© wl¥½ n̈r« £ A© ÆmẄx§Ẅ m¦ixÀ©t§ ¤̀ i´¦Pn¦ ci :mixFA «¦ B¦ A© i−¦lÎcx§©i d¾ëŸdi§ mr®¨ mixi −¦ C¦ `© l§
Æxk̈VV̈¦ie§ dxŸ½¨aCÎm § r¦ Æxk̈VV̈¦iA§ ix³©Üe§ eh :x«tŸ¥ q ha¬¥ ¤ WA§ mi−¦kWŸ § n« olEa
ª½ G§ nE ¸¦ miw½¦ wŸǵ§ n§ ÆEcx«ï§ xikÀ¦ n̈ i´¦Pn¦
m¦iz©½ R§ W§ O«© ¦ d oiA¥µ Ÿa§ Wï©À dÖ´l̈ fh :a«lÎi ¥ w¥ w§ g¦ mi−¦lŸcB§ oaE` ¥½ x§ zFB́l© t§ A¦ ei®l̈b§ x©A§ g´©NW ª wn¤ r−¥Ä wx½¨Ä o´¥M
o ¾c̈e§ ok¥½ Ẅ ÆoC¥ x©§Id© xa¤ r³¥A§ crÀ̈ l§ B¦ fi :a«lÎi ¥ x¥w§ g¦ mi−¦lFcB§ oaE` ¥½ x§ zFB́l© t§ l¦ mix®¦c̈r£ zFẃx¦W§ rŸ© n− W§ l¦
zEn− l̈ FW ² t©§ p s¬¥
xg¥ mr´© oElÀ a§ ª f gi :oFM« W¦ § i ei−v̈x¨t§ n¦ lr¬©e§ miO© ½¦ i sFǵl§ ÆaWï © xW ¥À `¨ zF®Ip¢̀ ¦ xEbï − dÖ¬l̈
FC®b¦ n§ i´¥nÎlr© K−©pr§ z© A§ or© p©½ k§ i´¥kl§ n© ÆEn£gl«§ p¦ f³¨` Eng̈½ l§ p¦ Æmik¦ l̈n§ E`³Ä hi :dc«¤ Ü i¬¥nFxn§ lr−© i®¦lŸt© § pe§
lg³© © p `k :`x«¨qi § qÎm
«¦ r¦ En£ − gl«§ p¦ mz̈FN½ q¦ O§ n«¦ Æmia¦ k̈FM« d© En®g̈l§ p¦ m¦i−©nẄÎon¦ k :Egẅ« l̈ `¬Ÿl sq−¤ ¤ M r©v¬¤A
zFx£ −dC«©n«¦ qEqÎi ® a¥ T§ r¦ En− l«d̈§ f¬¨` ak :fŸr« i−¦Wt© § p i¬¦kx§c§ Y¦ oFWi ® w¦ lg´© © p mi−¦nEcw§ lg¬© © p mẗ½ x¨B§ ÆoFWiw¦
d½ëŸdi§ zx§ ´©fr¤ l§ ÆE`ä¸ Î`Ÿl i³¦M d̈i®¤aW« § Ÿi xFx−`¨ ExŸ¬` d½ëŸdi§ K´©`l§ n© Æxn© `¨ fFxÀ n¥ ExF`´ bk :eixi «¨ A¦ `© zFx£ ¬ dC«©
:KxŸ«¨aY§ ldŸ¤ −̀ Ä mi¬¦WP̈n¦ i®¦piT¥ d© xa´¤ ¤ g zW−¥̀ ¤ lrï ¥¾ miWP̈ ¦½ n¦ ÆKxŸ©aY§ ck :mixFA «¦ B¦ A© d−ëŸdi§ zx§ ¬©fr¤ l§
D−p̈ini« ¦ e¦ dp̈g§ l©½ W§ Y¦ c´¥zÏl© ÆDc̈ï ek :d` «¨ n§ g¤ däix¬¦w§ d¦ mixi −¦ C¦ `© lt¬¥ ¤ qA§ dp̈®z̈p̈ a´l̈g̈ l−©`Ẅ m¦i¬©n dk
l−©tp̈ rx¬©M̈ d̈il¤½ b§ x© oi´¥A fk :Fz« T̈x© d−ẗl«g̈ § e§ d¬v̈£gn̈ « E FW`Ÿ
½ x d ´ẅ£gn̈ « Æ`x¨qi § q«¦ d³n̈l«d̈
§ e§ mi®¦ln¥ r£ zEńl§ d© l§
m¬¥̀ a²¥A©iY© § e d¯ẗw§ W¦§ p oFŅg«©
© d Ácr© A§ gk :cEc« Ẅ l¬©tp̈ m−Ẅ rx½©M̈ x´¤W£̀ A«© lẗ½ p̈ rx´©M̈ Æd̈il¤̧ b§ x© oi³¥a a®k̈Ẅ
zFn ¬ k§ g© hk :eiz̈ « FaM§ x§n© i−¥nr« £ R© Ex¡ ½ g «¤̀ rE © Ćn© `Fa½ l̈ ÆFAk§ x¦ W³¥WŸA rE © CÀ n© a®p̈W§ ¤̀ «d̈ cr´©A§ `x−¨qi § q«¦
Æmi¦ z©¸ n̈£gx«© mg© x³© llÀ̈ Ẅ EẃN§ g§ © i E ¹̀ v§ n¦§ i `Ÿl£ ¸ d l :D«l̈ d̈i−¤ xn̈ £̀ ai¬¦WŸ `idÎs ¾¦ `© dP̈i®p¤ r£ Y «© d̈i−¤zFxÜ «
oM¥Â `l :l«l̈Ẅ i¬¥ x`E©§vl§ m¦i−©zn̈w§ x¦ ra¬¤ © v d®n̈w§ x¦ mir−¦ äv§ l¬©lW§ `x½¨qi´¦ § ql§ Æmir¦ äv§ l³©lW§ xa¤ B¤½ W`Ÿx́l§
:d«p̈Ẅ mir¬¦ Äx§`© ux−¨ ¤ `d̈ hŸ¬wW§ Y© ¦ e Fz® x¨aª b§ A¦ Wn−¤¤ Xd© z`¬¥vM§ eiä½ d£ Ÿ´` « e§ d½ëŸdi§ ÆLia§ ¤̧ iF`Îl
« k̈ Ec³ a`Ÿ« § i

c erp
t ktuna (5
iY¦ g−©
§ nÜ i¬¦M ia§ ´ r© ÆiR¦ ag© x³¨ d®ëŸdi«A© i−¦px§w© dn̈x¬¨ d½ëŸdi«A© ÆiA¦ l¦ u³©lr̈ xn`Ÿ
©½ iF`Îl ©½ Ye© ÆdP̈g© l³¥NR© z§ Y© ¦e`
d´d̈ŸaB§ ÆExA§ c©z§ EA³ x§YÎl © `© b :Epi«dŸl`« ¥ M¥ xEv− oi¬¥̀ e§ L®¤Yl§ A¦ oi´¥̀ ÎiM¦ d−ëŸdiM© WFc¬ ẅÎoi«¥̀ a :Lz «¤ r̈EWi
« A¦
mi®¦Yg© mixŸ−¦AB¦ zW ¤ w¬¤ c :zFl« l¦ r£ Ep− M§ z§ p¦ [F¬le]§ `¬Ÿle§ d½ëŸdi§ ÆzFrC¥ l³¥̀ i´¦M m®¤kiR¦ n¦ w−z̈r̈ `¬¥v¥i dd̈½ Ÿab§
z¬©Ax©e§ dr̈½ a§ W¦ d ´c̈lï§ Ædx¨ẅrÎc £ r© EN®¥cg̈ mi−¦ar¥ xE§ ExM̈½ U¦ § p Æmg¤ N¤̧ A© mir³¦ a¥ U§ d :l¦i «g̈ÎEx§f` «¨ mi−¦lẄk§ p¦ e§
li−¦RW§ n© xi®¦Wr« £ nE© WixFn ´¦ d−ëŸdi§ f :lr«© Ïe© lF −̀ W§ cixFn ¬¦ d®¤Ig© nE § zi´¦nn¥ d−ëŸdi§ e :dl̈«l̈n§ ª̀ mi−¦pÄ
m®¥lg¦ p©§ i cFa− k̈ `¬¥Qk¦ e§ miai½¦ c¦ pÎm
§ r¦ ÆaiWFd ¦ l§ oF½ia§ ¤̀ mixï ´¦ ÆzŸRW§ `«¥© n l ÀC̈ xt¹̈ r̈n¥ miw¸¦ n¥ g :m«¥nFxnÎs § `©
EO®C̈¦i KW ¤ ǵA© mir−¦ ẄxE§ xŸn½ W¦ § i [Æeic̈iq£
¦ «g] Æec̈iq£
¦ «g i³¥lb§ x© h :l«a¥ Y¥ m−¤dil¥ r£ zW¬Ï© ¥ vn§ ÆdëŸdi«©l i³¦M
¤ e ux¤ ¤̀½ iw´ª
´¦ d−ëŸdi§ mr¥½ x©§i m¦i´©nẌA© [Æeil̈r̈] Æel̈r̈ [eiai
oicï À̈ x¦n]§ eai À̈ x¦n§ EY´©g¥i dºëŸdi§ i :Wi`Îx «¦ A© b¦§ i gŸ© k− a§ `¬ŸlÎiM¦
:Fgi« W¦ n§ ox¤w¬¤ m−¥xïe§ FM½ l§ n© l§ fŸŕÎoY¦¤ ie§ ux®¨¤ `Îiq¥ t§ `©

cf erp
c ktuna (6

s¬©MnE¦ ei−ä§iŸ`Îl
« M̈ s¬©Mn¦ FzŸ ² ` d¬ëŸdi§ liS¦¸ d¦ ÁmFiA§ z`Ÿ®Gd© dxi ´¨ X¦ d© i−¥ ¦ ¤̀ d½ëŸdi«©l Æce¦C̈ x³¥Ac§©ie© `
xa§ CÎz
irÀ¦ W¦
§ i ox¤w´¤e§ iºP¦¦ bn̈ FAÎd
® q¡ ¤ g ¤̀ ixEv −¦ i¬¥dŸl` ¡ b :ilÎi
«¦ h¦ l§ t© nE
§ i−¦zc̈«vª nE § ir¬¦ l§ q© d²ëŸdi§ x®©n`ŸIe© a :lE`« Ẅ
ip−ª
¦ tẗ £̀ i¬¦M d :r«¥ © WË`¦ i−©a§iŸ`« nE
¥ d®ëŸdi§ `x´¨w§ ¤̀ l−N̈dª n§ c :ip¦ r«¥ WŸ ¦ Y« q−n̈g̈«¥n ir¾¦ WŸ ¦ n« iqEp½¦ nE§ ÆiA©
¦ BU§ n¦
`x´¨w§ ¤̀ ÆilÎx©
¦ SA© f :z¤en̈ « ÎiW ¥ wŸ§ n« ip−ª
¦ nC§ w¦ ip®ª
¦ Aq© lF −̀ W§ i¬¥la§ g¤ e :ip¦ z«ª r«
£ a§
© i lr−©
© Il¦ a§ i¬¥l£g«p© z¤e®n̈Îix¥A§ W§ n¦

~5~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx
ÆWr© x§Y© ¦ e [WrB̈ ³© z¦§ Ie©] WrB̈ ³© z¦©§ e g :ei«p̈f§ `¨ A§ i−¦zr̈e§W © e§ ilFw
½¦ ÆFlk̈i«d¥ n¥ r³©nW¦ § Ie© `®¨ ¡ ¤̀ e§ d½ëŸdi§
xw§ ¤̀ i−©dŸl`Îl
l®¥k`ŸY ei−¦Rn¦ W¬¥̀ e§ FR½ `© A§ ÆoẄr̈ d³l̈r̈ h :Fl« dẍ¬g̈ÎiM¦ EW− r«£ B̈z¦ § Ie© Ef®B̈x¦§i m¦i−©nẌd© zFc¬ qF § n« ux¤`¨½ d̈
`−¨ x¥Ie© sŸ®rÏ©e aEx−MÎl § r© a¬©Mx¦§Ie© `i :ei«l̈b§ x© zg¬© © Y l−¤tx¨r«£ e© c®© x¥Ie© m¦i−©nẄ h¬¥Ie© i :EP«¤On¦ Ex¬ r« £ Ä mi−¦lg̈«B¤
Ex−r« £ Ä FC®b¤ § p D©bŸ−Pn¦ bi :miw«¦ g̈W§ i¬¥ar̈ m¦i−©nÎzx©W§ g© zFM® qª ei−z̈Ÿaia«¦ q§ KW ¤ Ÿg² zW¬Ï©¤ e ai :gE © xÎi « t¥ p§ MÎl
© r©
mnŸdÏ© « e wx−¨Ä m®¥vit§ ¦ ie© mi−¦Sg¦ g¬©lW¦ § Ie© eh :FlFw « o¬¥Y¦i oF−il§ r¤ e§ d®ëŸdi§ m¦i−©nẄÎon¦ mr¬¥x©§i ci :W«¥̀ Îil£ ¥ g«B©
mFx−Ön¦ g¬©lW¦ § i fi :FR« `© gE © x¬ z−©nW¦ § Pn¦ d½ëŸdi§ zx´©r«£ b© A§ l®¥aY¥ zFćqŸ§ n« ElB̈¦ − i m½ï iw´¦¥ t £̀ ÆE`ẍ«I¥ e© fh :[mŸdÏ© « e]
ici®¦ ¥̀ mFíA§ ip−ª ¦ nC§ w§ © i hi :ip«¤ ¦ On¦ Ev− n§ ` «¨ i¬¦M i`©½ p§ V́n¦ fr®¨ i−¦a§iŸ`« n¥ ip¦ li ¥¾ S©¦ i gi :miA«¦ x© m¦i¬©On¦ ip−¥ ¦ Wn© § i ip®¥
¦ gT̈« i¦
xŸ¬aM§ i®¦zẅc§ v¦ M§ d−ëŸdi§ ip¬¥ ¦ ln§ b¦§ i `k :iA«¦ u«t¬g̈Îi
¥ M«¦ i¦p−¥vN§ g§ © i i®¦zŸ` a−g̈x§O¤ l© `¬¥vŸIe© k :il«¦ or−¨W§ n¦ d²ëŸdi§ i¯¦d§ie©
[ei−ḧR̈W§ n] ¦ e−ḧR̈W§ nÎl ¦ k̈ i¬¦M bk :i«d̈Ÿl` ¡ n¥ iY¦ r−© § Wx¨ `¬Ÿle§ d®ëŸdi§ i´¥kx§C© iY¦ x−© § nẄ i¬¦M ak :il«¦ ai¬¦Wï i−© cï
i−¦l d²ëŸdi§ aW¯Ï© ¤ e dk :i«pŸ¦ er«¥ £ n dx−¨O§ Y© W§ ¤̀ «ë Fl® mi−¦nz̈ d¬¤id« § ¤̀ ë ck :dP̈«¤On¦ xE¬q`Î` ¨ Ÿl« ei−z̈ŸTgª e§ iC®¦ b¤ § pl§
x®äŸY¦ x−äp̈Îmr¦ fk :m«ÖY© Y¦ mi−¦nŸ xFA¬ BÎm ¦ r¦ c®Q̈g© z§ Y¦ ci−¦qg̈Îmr¦ ek :ei«p̈ir¥ c¤b¬¤pl§ ixŸ−¦aM§ i®¦zẅc§ v¦ M§
d®ëŸdi§ ixi¥ −¦ p d¬Ÿ`Îi © M«¦ hk :li«R¦ W§ Y© mi¬¦nxÎl ¨ r© Li−p¤ ir¥ e§ ri®¦ © WFY i−¦pr̈ mrÎz ¬© ¤̀ e§ gk :l«R̈Y© Y¦ WT−¥rÎm ¦ r¦ e§
zx³©n§ `¦ FM® x§C© mi´¦nŸ l−¥̀ d̈ `l :xEWÎb « N¤ c© £̀ i−©dŸl`«A¥ cEc®B§ uEx́`¨ d−k̈a§ i¬¦M l :iM«¦ W§ g̈ Di¬¦ © B©i d−ëŸdi«e©
:Epi«dŸl¥ ` ¡ i¬¥cr£ l«§ A© n¦ xEv− i¬¦nE d®ëŸdi§ i´¥cr£ l«§ A© n¦ l−¥̀ Îin¦ i¬¦M al :FA« mi¬¦qŸg« d© lŸk− l§ `Ed½ ó¥bn̈ dẗ½ Exv§ ÆdëŸdi§
i−©zFn«Ä lr¬©e§ zFlÏ ® `« © M̈ [i−©lb§ x]© ei−©lb§ x© d¬¤EW © n§ cl :[iM«¦ x§C]© eM«¦ x§C© mi−¦nŸ x¬¥Y©Ie© l¦i®g̈ i−¦GEr«n̈ l¬¥̀ d̈ bl
L− zŸ«
§ pr«£ e© Lr®¤W¦ § i ó¥bn̈ i−¦lÎoY¤ Y© ¦ e el :iz̈ « ŸrŸx§« f d−ẄEgpÎz § W ¤ w«¤ z¬©gp¦ e§ d®n̈g̈l§ O¦ l© i−© cï c¬¥Ol© n§ dl :ip¦ c«¥ n¦ r«© £i
aEW− `¨ `¬Ÿle§ m®¥cin¦ W§ `« © ë i−©a§iŸ`« d¬ẗC§ x§ ¤̀ gl :i«N̈qª x§w© Ec−r« £ n̈ `¬Ÿle§ ip®¥ ¦ Yg§ Y© ic−¦ r«£ v© ai¬¦gx§Y© fl :ip«¦ A¥ x§Y©
d®n̈g̈l§ O¦ l© l¦i−©g ip¬¥ ¦ x§fY©
© e n :i«l̈b§ x© zg¬© © Y El− t¦ ® i `Ÿl´ e§ m−¥vg̈n§ ¤̀ «ë m¬¥Nk© £̀ «ë hl :mz̈
§ Ie© oEnEw§ « FNMÎc© r©
ri®¦
© Wn oi´¥̀ e§ Er− W¦ § i an :mzi «¥ n¦ v§ `ë
© i−©`p§ U © n§ sxŸ® ¤r i−¦N dŸ¬©Y ia§ ©½ iŸ´`e§ `n :ip«¦ Y¥ g§ Y© i−©nẅ ri © x¬¦k§ Y©
ip¦ h¥½ N§ t© Y©§ e cn :mr«¥ ẅx§ ¤̀ mT−¥c¦ £̀ zF¬vEgÎhih«¦ M§ ux®¨ ¤ `Îxt© r« £ M© mw−¥g̈W§ ¤̀ e§ bn :m«p̈r̈Î`Ÿl« e§ d−ëŸdi§ Îl ¤̀
rF
© n ¬ W§ l¦ i®¦lÎEW£gM«© z¦ § i x−k̈¥p i¬p¥ A§ dn :ip¦ c«ªa§ r«© © i iY¦ r−© § cïÎ`Ÿl« mr¬© m½i¦ FB W`Ÿx́l§ Æip¦ x¸¥n§ W§ Y¦ i®¦Or© i−¥aix«¥ ¦n
xE¬v i−¥dŸl` ¡ mxï ¾ª e§ ixEv®¦ KEx́äE d−ëŸdi§ Îig© fn :mz̈ « FxB§ q§ O¦ n¦ Ex−B§ g© § ie§ ElŸ®A¦i x−k̈¥p i¬p¥ A§ en :il«¦ Ern¬Ẍ¦ § i o¤fŸ −̀
ip¦ n¥½ nF§ x́Y§ Æin© T̈nE ¦ i®ä§iŸ`« n¥ i−¦`ivF ¦ nE« hn :ip«¦ Y¥ g§ Y© mi−¦Or© cixŸ¬¦nE i®¦l zŸn− ẅp§ o¬¥zŸPd© l ¥̀¾ d̈ gn :ir«¦ W¦ §i
zFŕEW§i [lFC−b§ n] ¦ liŸC−b§ n¦ `p :x«¥O©f £̀ L− n§ W¦ lE § m®¦iFBA© d−ëŸdi§ L¬ cF` § o²¥MÎlr© p :ip«¦ li ¥ S¦ Y© mi−¦qn̈£g Wi¬¦`n¥
:m«l̈FrÎcr© Fr− x©§flE § c¬¦ec̈l§ Fgi ² W¦ n§ l¦ cq¯¤ ¤ gÎdUŸ ¤ r« e§ FM® l§ n©

k erp vhgah (7
WŸa³ g£ mFÀiA§ mi®¦nÏd© zr´©a§ W¦ xF −̀ M§ m¦iz©½ r̈a§ W¦ d´¤id«§ i¦ ÆdÖg«©
© d xF ³̀ e§ dÖ½ g«©
© d xF`´ M§ Ædp̈äN§ dÎxF
© `« d³ïd̈e§ ek
d®¨`V̈n© caŸ¤ k− e§ FR½ `© xrŸ´¥A wg̈½ x§O¤ n¦ `´Ä ÆdëŸdi§ Îm«¥W d³¥Pd¦ fk :`«R̈x¦§i Fz− M̈n© ug¬© © nE FO½ r© xa´¤ ¤ WÎz ¤̀ ÆdëŸdi§
m−¦iFb d¬ẗp̈£dl
«© dv¤½ g ¡«¤i x`´Ë©vÎcr© ÆshFW¥ lg³© © pM§ FgEx º e§ gk :zl« ¤ k̈Ÿ` W¬¥̀ M§ FpFW− lE § mr½ © f© E`l´n̈
§ Æeiz̈ẗU§
aaÀ̈ l¥ z´©gn§ U¦ e§ b®g̈ÎWC¤ w© z§ d¦ li−¥lM§ mk¤½ l̈ d´¤id«§ i¦ ÆxiX¦ d© hk :miO«¦ r© i¬¥ig̈l§ lr−© dr¤½ z§ n© oq¤ x´¤e§ `§e®Ẅ zt´p̈
© A§
§ i xE¬vÎl ¤̀ d−ëŸdi§ Îxd© a§ `Fa¬ l̈ lil½¦ g̈«A¤ ÆKlFd«
:l«¥̀ x¨U¦ ¥ M©

~6~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx
uf erp vhgah (8
Eg− z§ R¦ a :l«gë
¥ zFnFg ¬ zi−¦Wï drEW§ ¬¨ i Epl̈½ Îfr̈ xir´¦ d®c̈Ed§i ux´¤̀ ¤ A§ d−¤GdÎxi
© X¦ d© x¬©WEi `Ed½ d© mFÍA© `
E¬gh§ A¦ c :gE
© h« Ä L− a§ i¬¦M mFl® Ẅ | mFĺẄ xŸ−SY¦ KEn½ q̈ x¤v´¥i b :mi«p¦ nª ` ¡ x¬¥nŸW wiC©−¦ vÎiFb« `Ÿ¬aïe§ mix®¦r̈W§
:min«¦ l̈Fr« xEv− d½ëŸdi§ D´ïA§ iM¦µ crÎi
®© c¥ r£ d−ëŸdi«a©

ohrhav rha (9
:o¦i«Ïn¦ Li−¤ cŸC mi¬¦aFhÎiM«¦ EdiR½¦ zFẃiW§ ¦ Pn¦ Æip¦ w¥̧ Ẍ¦i a :dŸnŸl « W§ l¦ x¬¤W£̀ mixi −¦ X¦ d© xi¬¦W ` (‡` wxt)
dv̈ExP̈ ® Lix£ ´¤g` «© ip−¥
¦ kW§ n̈ c :LEa« d¥ £̀ zFn ¬ l̈r£ o−¥MÎlr© L®¤nW§ wxEY ´© on−¤ ¤ W miaFh ½¦ Lí¤pn̈W§ Æ©gix¸¥l§ b
Æip£̀
¦ dxFg ³¨ W§ d :LEa« d¥ £̀ mix−¦Ẅin¥ o¦iI©½ n¦ ÆLicŸ¸¤ c dxi³¦ ¨ M§fp© KĽ Ædg̈n§ U¦ § pe§ dl̈i³¦bp̈ eixÀ¨c̈£g Kl¤ O¤¹ d© ip¦ `i ©¸ a¡ ¦d
ip¦ z−©§ tf̈¡XW ¤ zxŸ¤g½ x§g© W§ i´¦p£̀ W «¤ ÆipE
¦ `¸ x§YÎl¦ `© e :dŸnŸl « W§ zFri − xi¦ M¦ x ½c̈w¥ i´¥l¢d`¨ M§ m®l̈ẄEx§« i zFp− A§ d½ë`p̈«e§
iNÀ¦ dc̈i´¦Bd© f :iY¦ x«§ḧp̈ `¬Ÿl i−¦NW ¤ i¬¦nx§M© min½¦ x¨M§ dÎz © ¤̀ dx´¨hŸ¥ p Æip¦ nª̧ Ü iaÎEx£ À¦ gp«¦ i´¦O`¦ ī¥pA§ Wn®Ẍ ¤ d©
:Lix«¤a£ ¥ g i¬¥ xc§ r¤ lr−© d½ïhŸŕ § M§ Æd¤id« § ¤̀ d³n̈N̈W © m¦ix¢ ®¨dS̈«A© ui´¦Ax§Y© d−k̈i ¥̀ dr¤½ x§z¦ d´k̈i ¥̀ iW¦½ t© § p Ædä£d`³¤ «¨ W
zF¬pM§ W§ n¦ lr−© K¦izŸ ©½ Ic¦ BÎz
§ ¤̀ Æir¦ xE§ o`ŸÀSd© i´¥aw§ r¦ A§ KlÎi º̈ `« ¦ v§ mi®¦WP̈A© d−ẗÏd© Kl̈½ Æir¦ c§ z¥ `ŸlÎm ³ `¦ g
:mi«f¦ Ex£gA«© K−¥ x`Ë©v mixŸ½¦YA© ÆKi¦ i¸© g̈l§ E³e`p̈ i :izï «¦ r§ x© Ki−¦ziO¦ C¦ dŸr½ x§t© i´¥ak§ x¦A§ Æiz¦ q̈qª l§ h :mirŸ«¦ xd̈
xFx̧v§ bi :Fgi « x¥ o¬©zp̈ iC−¦ x§p¦ FA½ q¦ n§ A¦ ÆKl¤ O¤̧ d³¤ © WÎcr© ai :sq« ¤ M̈d© zFC¬ wª p§ mr−¦ KN̈½ ÎdU ¤ r«£ p© Æad̈f̈ i³¥ xFY `i
iz尿 r§ x© Ædẗï K³P̈d¦ eh :ic«¦ B¤ oir¬¥ i−¥nx§k© A§ il½¦ ÆicFC ¦ | xtŸ³ ¤ Md© lŸM̧W§ ¤̀ ci :oilï «¦ i−© cẄ oi¬¥A il½¦ ÆicFC ¦ | xŸO³ d©
mi½f¦ x¨ £̀ ÆEpiY¥̧ Ä zFxŸ³w fi :d«p̈p̈r£ x«© Ep−¥Ux§rÎs © `© mirp̈ ½¦ s´©` ÆicFc ¦ d³¤tï ÆLP§ d¦ fh :mi«pFi ¦ K¦i¬©pir¥ d−ẗï K¬P̈d¦
oi´¥A ÆdP̈WF © W« M§ a :miw«¦ n̈r«d̈ £ z−©PWF © W« oFx½ Ẍd© zl´¤ ¤ Sa£ © g Æip£̀
¦ ` (‡a wxt) :mizFx «¦ A§ [Ep−¥hid¦ x]© Ep−¥hig¦ x©
iY¦ a§ Wï ©½ e§ iY¦ c´© § Og¦ ÆFNv¦ A§ mi®¦pÄd© oi´¥A icFC −¦ o¬¥M xr½ © I© d© i´¥vr« £ A© Æ©gEŖz© M§ b :zFp« Äd© oi¬¥A i−¦zïr§ x© o¬¥M migFg ½¦ d©
ipE¦ c−R§ x© zFWi ½ W£̀ ¦ Ä« ÆipE ¦ ķO§ q© d :d«äd£ ` «© i−©lr̈ F¬lb§ c¦ e§ o¦iϽ d© zi´¥AÎl ¤̀ Æip¦ `i ©¸ a¡ ¦ d c :iM«¦ g¦ l§ wFz ¬ n̈ F−ix§tE¦
mk¤¹ z§ ¤̀ iY¦ r§ A©¸ W§ d¦ f :ip¦ w«¥ A§ g© Y§ Fpi − ni
¦ e¦ iW`Ÿ ¦½ xl§ zg´© © Y ÆFl`ŸnU§ e :ip«¦ `¨ d−ä£d` «© z¬©lFgÎiM¦ mi®¦gERY© A©
cr¬© d−ä£d` «© d̈Îz ¤̀ Ex²xF§ r« YÎm § `« ¦ e§ | Exir¯¦ ŸÎm`¦ d®¤ cV̈d© zFĺ§i`© A§ F −̀ zF`½ äv§ A¦ Æml©¸ ẄEx§« i zF³pA§
ia½¦ v§ l¦ ÆicFc ¦ d³¤nFC h :zFr« äB§ dÎl © r© u−¥Rw© n§ mix½¦d̈´¤dÎlr© ÆbN¥ c©n§ `®Ä d−¤fÎd¥Pd¦ icFC ½¦ lFẃ g :u«R̈g§ Y¤ W ¤
d¬p̈r̈ i :miM«¦ x£ ©gdÎo «© n¦ ui−¦vn¥ zF½pŸN£gdÎo «© n¦ Æ©giB¸¦ W§ n© Epl¥½ z§ M̈ x´©g`© ÆcnFr ¥ d³¤fÎd¥Pd¦ mi®¦lÏ`«d̈ © xtŸŕ ¤ l§ F −̀
s−©lg̈ mW¾ ¤ B¤ d© x®är̈ [ei−z̈Q§ d] © e−z̈Q§ d© d¬¥PdÎi ¦ M«¦ `i :K«l̈Îik¦ lE § i−¦zẗï i¬¦zïr§ x© K²l̈ inE ¦ w¬ i®¦l xn´¨ © `e§ icFc
−¦
Ædp̈ ¥̀ Y§ d© bi :Ep«v¥ x§`© A§ r¬©nW¦ § p xFY− d© lFw¬ e§ ri®¦ © Bd¦ xi−¦nG̈d© zr¬¥ ux¤`¨½ ä E`´ x§p¦ ÆmipS̈ ¦ P¦ d© ai :Fl« K¬©ld̈
i´¥eb§ g© A§ izp̈Fi
º¦ ci :K«l̈Îik¦ lE § i−¦zẗï i¬¦zïr§ x© [K²l̈] ik²l̈ § inE ¦ w¬ gi®¥ © x Epz´p̈§ x−© cn̈q§ | mi¬¦pẗB§ d© e§ d̈iB¤½ t© d´ḧ§p«g̈
Ki¬¥̀ x§nE © a−¥ xr̈ K¬¥lFwÎiM¦ K®¥lFwÎz ¤̀ ipi ¦ ri−¦ n¦ W§ d© K¦i`©½ x§nÎz © ¤̀ Æipi ¦ `¸¦ x§d© db̈½ x¥c§ O© d© Æxz¤ q¥̧ A§ rl© Q¤À d©
i´¦p£̀ «e© Æil¦ icFC ¬¦ fh :xc«©n̈q§ Epi−¥nx¨kE § mi®¦nx¨M§ mi´¦lA§ g© n§ mi−¦Ph© w§ mi¬¦lr̈EW« mil½¦ r̈EW« ÆEpl̈¸ ÎEf¡g «¤̀ eh :d«e¤`p̈
xtŸ¬ ¤ rl§ F ²̀ iaÀ¦ v§ l¦ icFc ¹¦ ÆLlÎd § n¥ C§ ÁaŸq mi®¦ll̈S§ d© Eq−p̈e§ mF½Id© Æ©gEţÏW ¤ cr³© fi :mi«P¦ WFX © A© drŸ−¤xd̈ Fl½
ei−¦YW§ T© A¦ i®¦Wt© § p d−ä£d` «¨ W¤ z¬¥̀ iY¦ W§ T¾© A¦ zFli ½ N¥ A© Æia¦ M̈W§ nÎl ¦ r© ` (‡b wxt) :xz« ¤ ä ix¬d̈Îl
¥ r© mi−¦lÏ`© d̈
i®¦Wt© § p d−ä£d` «¨ W ¤ z¬¥̀ dẄ¾ w§ a© £̀ zFaŸ½ gx´äE § Æmiwë ¦ X§ A© xirÀ¦ ä d´äaFq § £̀ «e© `¹̈P dn̈Ew̧`¨ a :eiz`v̈ «¦ n§ `¬Ÿle§
:mzi «¤ `¦ x§ i−¦Wt© § p d¬ä£d` «¨ W¤ z²¥̀ xir®¦ Ä mi−¦aaŸ§ Qd© mix½¦nŸX́ § d© ÆipE ¦ `v̈
¸ n§ b :eiz`v̈ «¦ n§ `¬Ÿle§ ei−¦YW§ T© A¦
Æeiz`i ¦ a£ « r© EPR¤½ x§`© `Ÿl´ e§ ÆeiY§
¥ d³¤WÎc ¦ fg© £̀ i®¦Wt© § p d−ä£d` «¨ W¤ z¬¥̀ iz` ¦ v̈½ Ö«¤W cr´© md¤½ n¥ iY¦ x´© § ar̈W ¤ Æhr© n§ M¦ c

~7~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx
zFĺ§i`© A§ F −̀ zF`½ äv§ A¦ Æml©¸ ẄEx§« i zF³pA§ mk¤¹ z§ ¤̀ iY¦ r§ A©¸ W§ d¦ d :iz«¦ xFd ¨ xc−¤ ¤ gÎl ¤̀ e§ iO½¦ `¦ zi´¥AÎl ¤̀
xĽ c§ O¦ dÎo © n¦ Ædl̈Ÿr z`ŸÀf i´¦n e :u«R̈g§ Y¤ W ¤ cr¬© d−ä£d` «© d̈Îz ¤̀ Ex²xF§ r« YÎm § `« ¦ e§ | Exir¯¦ ŸÎm`¦ d®¤ cV̈d©
mi¬¦XW¦ dŸnŸl ½ W§ N¦ W ¤ ÆFzḦn¦ dÀP¥ d¦ f :l«kFx ¥ zw¬©a§ `© lŸM− n¦ dp̈½ FalE § ÆxFn zx³¤ ¤ Hwª n§ o®Ẅr̈ zFx£ −ni« z«¦ M§
Fk½ x§¥iÎlr© ÆFAx§g© Wi³¦` d®n̈g̈l§ n¦ i−¥cO§ lª n§ ax¤g¤½ i¥f´ªg £̀ Æml̈Mª g :l«¥̀ x¨U¦ § i i−¥
xŸAB¦ n¦ D®l̈ ai´¦aq̈ mixŸ−¦AB¦
Fźc̈it¦ x§ sq¤ k¤½ dÜ ´r̈ Æeic̈EOr© i :oFp« äN§ d© i−¥vr«¥ £ n dŸnŸl ½ W§ Kl´¤ ¤ Od© ÆFl dÜr³¨ oFÀix§R¦ `© h :zFli « N¥ A© cg−© © Rn¦
Kl´¤ ¤ OA© oFI−v¦ zF¬pA§ dp̈i²¤̀ x§E« | dp̈i¯¤̀ v§ `i :m«l̈ẄEx§« i zFp− A§ n¦ dä½ d£ ` «© sEv́x¨ ÆFkFY o®n̈B̈x§`© Fa− M̈x§n¤ ad̈½ f̈
Æizï¦ r§ x© d³ẗï K¸P̈d¦ ` (‡c wxt) :FA« l¦ z¬©gn§ U¦ mF−iaE § FzP̈ ½ z£ ª g mFíA§ ÆFO`¦ FNÎd ³ x¨H§ r¦ W ¤ dxÀ¨ḧr« £ Ä dŸ®nŸlW§
xc¤ r´¥M§ ÆKi¦ P©¸ W¦ a :cr̈« l§ B¦ x¬©dn¥ EW− lB̈ § W ¤ miG½¦ r«d̈
¦ xc¤ r´¥M§ ÆKx¥r§ U © K®¥zÖ©vl§ cr−© © An¦ mipFi ½¦ K¦i´©pir¥ dẗ½ ï K´P̈d¦
K¦izŸ ©½ zt§ U¦ Æip¦ Ẍd© hEg³ M§ b :m«d¤ Ä oi¬¥̀ d−l̈Mª W © e§ zFni ½ `¦ z§ n© ÆmN̈Mª W ¤ d®v̈g§ x©d̈Îon¦ El− r̈W ¤ zFaEv ½ T§ d©
zF®IR¦ l§ z© l§ iEp− Ä Kx`Ë© ½¥ v Æcie¦C̈ l³© cB§ n¦ M§ c :Kz «¥ Ö©vl§ cr−© © An¦ Kz¥½ T̈x© ÆoFOx«d̈ ¦ gl³¤ © tM§ d®¤e`p̈ Ki−¥ xÄc§ nE ¦
mirFx −¦ d̈ d®Ïa¦ v§ i´¥nF`Y§ mix−¦ẗr¢ i¬p¥ W§ M¦ K¦ic²©Ẅ i¬p¥ W§ d :mixFA «¦ B¦ d© i¬¥hl§ W¦ lŸM− eil̈½ r̈ iEĺŸ Æob¥ Öd© sl³¤̀ ¤
K³N̈Mª f :d«p̈FaN§ d© zr−©a§ BÎl ¦ ¤̀ e§ xFO½ d© x´©dÎl ¤̀ Æil¦ KN³¥̀ ¤ mi®¦ll̈S§ d© Eq−p̈e§ mF½Id© Æ©gEţÏW ¤ cr³© e :mi«P¦ WFX © A©
dÀ̈pn̈ £̀ W`Ÿx́n¥ | ixE¦ ẂŸ i`F ¦ a® Ÿ oFṕäN§ n¦ i−¦Y`¦ dN̈½ M© ÆoFpäN§ n¦ i³¦Y`¦ g :K«Ä oi¬¥̀ mEnE − izï ¦½ r§ x© Ædẗï
c´©g`© A§ Æipi ¦ Y¦¸ a§ A© l¦ d®N̈k© i´¦zŸg £̀ ip−¦ ¦ Ya§ A© l¦ h :mix«¦n¥ p§ i−¥ xx§d«¥ © n zF½ix¨ £̀ zFṕŸrO§ n¦ oFn½ x§g¤ e§ Æxip¦ U§ W`Ÿx³n¥
gi´
© xe§ o¦iI©½ n¦ ÆKi¦ cŸ¸©c EaŸ³HÎdn© d®N̈k© i´¦zŸg £̀ K¦icŸ −©c E¬tÏÎdn© i :K¦i«p̈ŸxE©§Sn¦ w−p̈r£ c¬©g`© A§ K¦ip©½ ir¥ n¥ [z´©g`© A] §
gi´
© xe§ Kp¥½ FWl§ zg´© © Y Æal̈g̈e§ W³©aC§ d®N̈M© K¦i−©zFzt§ U¦ dp̈tŸ¬ § HY¦ ztŸ¤ p² `i :min«¦ ÜAÎl § M̈n¦ K¦i−©pn̈W§
mipFO ½¦ x¦ q´¥Cx§R© ÆKi¦ g©¸ l̈W§ bi :mEz« g̈ o¬ïr§ n© lErp̈ − l¬©B d®N̈k© i´¦zŸg £̀ lErp̈ − | o¬©B ai :oFp« äl§ gi¬¥ © xM§ K¦i−©zŸnl§ U ©
xŸnµ d®p̈Fal§ i´¥vrÎl £ M̈ mr−¦ oFnP̈ ½ w¦ e§ Ædp¤ ẅ mŸÀMx§k© e§ | C§ x´¥ § p ci :mic«¦ x¨pÎm § r¦ mix−¦ẗM§ micb̈ ®¦ n§ ix´¦R§ mr−¦
ÆoFtv̈ ixE¦ r³ fh :oFp« älÎo § n¦ mi−¦l§fŸpe§ mi®¦Ig© m¦i´©n x−¥̀ A§ miP© ½¦ B ó©ir§ n© eh :min«¦ Üa§ i¬¥W`xÎl ¨ M̈ mr−¦ zFl½ d̈ £̀ «e©
»iP©¦ bl§ iz`´Ä ¦ ` (‡d wxt) :ei «c̈b̈n§ ix¬¦R§ l−©k`Ÿie§ FP© ½ bl§ ÆicFc ¦ `Ÿ³aï ei®n̈Üa§ EĺG¦§ i i−¦P©b igi¬¦ ¦ td̈ on̈½ iz¥ i`F ¦ áE
mir½¦ x¥ Eĺk§ `¦ i®¦al̈£gÎmr¦ i−¦pi¥i izi¬¦ ¦ zẄ iW¦½ a§ CÎm ¦ r¦ Æix¦r© § i iY¦ l³© § k`¨ in½¦ ÜAÎm § r¦ ÆixFn ¦ izi ¦ x³¦`¨ d¼ N̈k̈ i´¦zŸg £̀
iz¦½ Öz© i´¦zp̈Fi Æizï ¦ r§ x© i³¦zŸg £̀ ilÎi º¦ g¦ z§ R¦ wtFc ¥À icFC ´¦ | lFẃ xr®¥ i´¦Al¦ e§ d−p̈W§ ¥ i i¬¦p£̀ a :micFC «¦ Ex−k§ W¦ e§ Ez ¬ W§
iY¦ v¬© § gx¨ dP̈®W ¤ Äl§ ¤̀ dk̈−k̈i ¥̀ iY¦½ p§ ŸMÎz ª ¤̀ ÆiY¦ h§ W ©¸ R̈ b :dl̈§i «l̈ iqi¬¦ ¥ qx§ i−©zFSªEw§ lḧ½ Î`l̈n§ p¦ ÆiW`Ÿ ¦ “W ¤
gŸ© Ýt§ l¦ i−¦p£̀ iY«¦ n§ w¬© d :ei«l̈r̈ En ¬ d̈ ir−©nE ¥ xŸg½ dÎo © n¦ ÆFcï g³©lẄ icFC À¦ c :m«t¥ P§ h£̀ © dk̈¬k̈i ¥̀ i−©lb§ xÎz © ¤̀
w´©ng̈ icFc −¦ e§ icFc ½¦ l§ Æip£̀ ¦ iY«¦ g³©
§ zR̈ e :lEr« p§ O© d© zF¬RM© lr−© xaŸ¥½ r xFń ÆizŸ © rA§ v§ ¤̀ e§ xFnÎEtÀ h«§ p̈ icï ´© e§ icFc®¦ l§
mix²¦nŸ§ Xd© ip¯ª̀ ¦ v̈n§ f :ip«¦ p̈r̈ `¬Ÿle§ ei−¦z`x¨w§ Ediz`v̈ ¦½ n§ `Ÿl´ e§ ÆEdiY¦¸ W§ T© A¦ Fx½ A§ c©a§ d´¨`v«ï § ÆiW¦ t© § p x®är̈
zFṕA§ m−¤kz§ ¤̀ iY¦ r¬© § AW§ d¦ g :zFnŸ« gd© i−¥ xnŸ§ W il©½ r̈«¥n Æici¦ c¦ xÎz § ¤̀ E ³̀ Up̈ § ipE ¦ rv̈
® t§ ipE ¦ Ḿd¦ xir−¦ Ä mi¬¦aaŸ§ Qd©
d−ẗÏd© cFC½ n¦ K´¥cFCÎdn© h :ip«¦ `¨ d−ä£d` «© z¬©lFgW ¤ Fl½ Eci´¦BYÎd © n© icFCÎz ½¦ ¤̀ ÆE`v§ n§ YÎm ¦ `«¦ m®l̈ẄEx§« i
f®R̈ mz´¤ ¤ M FW`Ÿ − x `i :d«ääx§n¥ lEb− C̈ mFc½ `¨ e§ Ægv© icFC ¬¦ i :EpŸ « r§ A© W§ d¦ dk̈−M̈W ¤ cFC½ n¦ K´¥cFCÎdn© mi®¦WP̈A©
zFa− W« § Ÿi al̈½ g̈«a¤ ÆzFv£gŸx« m¦i®n̈ iwi´¦ ¥ t £̀ Îlr© mi−¦pFiM§ ei¾p̈ir¥ ai :axFr «¥ M̈ zFxŸ−gW§ mil½¦ Y© l§ Y© Æeiz̈FSEw§
:x«aŸ¥ r xFn ¬ zFt− hŸ§ p miP½¦ WF © W« Æeiz̈Fzt§ U¦ mi®¦gẅx§n¤ zFl− C§ b§ n¦ mUŸ ¤ A½ d© z´©bExr« £ M© Æeïg̈l§ bi :z`«N¥ nÎl ¦ r©
WW ¥½ icE ¥ Ór© ÆeiẅFW eh :mixi «¦ R¦ q© zt−¤ ¤ Nrª n§ oW ¥½ zW ¤ r´¤ Æeir̈n¥ Wi®¦Wx§Y© A© mi−¦`N̈nª n§ ad̈½ f̈ i´¥lil¦ B§ Æeic̈ï ci
ÆicFc ¦ d³¤f miC®¦ n£ © gn «© FN− kª e§ miT½¦ z© n«§ n© ÆFMg¦ fh :mi«f¦ x¨ £̀ M̈« xEg− Ä oFp½ äN§ M© ÆEd`¥̧ x§n© f®ẗÎi¥pc§ `Îl © r© mic−¦ Q̈ªin§
EP−¤Ww§ a© pE § KcFc ½¥ d´p̈R̈ dp̈`¨µ mi®¦WP̈A© d−ẗÏd© KcFC ½¥ K´©ld̈ dp̈`¨µ ` (‡e wxt) :m«l̈ẄEx§« i zFp− A§ ir½¦ x¥ d´¤fe§

~8~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx
il½¦ icFc ´¦ e§ ÆicFc ¦ l§ i³¦p£̀ b :mi«P¦ WF © W« hŸw− l§ l¦ e§ miP© ½¦ BA© ÆzFrx§l¦ mUŸ® ¤ Ad© zFbEx − r«© £ l FP© ½ bl§ cxï ´© ÆicFC¦ a :K«Ör¦
ÆKi¦ p©¸ ir¥ iA³¥¦ qd̈ d :zFlB̈ « c§ P¦ M© d−Öªi £̀ m®l̈ẄExiM¦ d−ë`p̈ dv̈½ x§z¦ M§ Æizï ¦ r§ x© Y³©
§ ` dẗ¸ ï c :mi«P¦ WFX © A© drŸ−¤xd̈
El− r̈W ¤ mil½¦ g¥ x«d̈ § xc¤ r´¥M§ ÆKi¦ P©¸ W¦ e :cr̈« l§ B¦ dÎo © n¦ EW− lB̈ § W ¤ miG½¦ r«d̈
¦ xc¤ r´¥M§ ÆKx¥r§ U © ip®ª ¦ aid¦ x§d¦ m−¥d¬¤W iC½¦ b¤ § Pn¦
:Kz «¥ Ö©vl§ cr−© © An¦ Kz¥½ T̈x© ÆoFOx¦d̈ gl³¤ © tM§ f :m«d¤ Ä oi¬¥̀ d−l̈Mª W © e§ zFni ½ `¦ z§ n© ÆmN̈Mª W ¤ d®v̈g§ x©d̈Îon¦
z¬©g`© iz¦½ Öz© i´¦zp̈Fi Æ`id¦ z¬©g`© h :x«R̈q§ n¦ oi¬¥̀ zFn− l̈r«£ e© mi®¦W§bli« © R¦ mi−¦pŸnWE § zFk½ l̈O§ ÆdÖd¥̧ mi¬¦XW¦ g
z`Ÿ¬fÎin¦ i :d̈El« l§ d§ © i«e© mi−¦W§bli« © tE
¦ zF¬kl̈n§ d̈Ex½ X§ `§ © i«e© ÆzFpä d̈E ³̀ x¨ D®Ÿc§ lF« © il§ `i−¦d dx¬¨Ä DÖ½ `¦ l§ Æ`id¦
iY¦ c§ xï ½© ÆfFb¡` z³©PBÎl ¦ ¤̀ `i :zFlB̈ « c§ P¦ M© d−Öªi £̀ dÖ½ g« © M© Ædx¨Ä dÀ̈päN§ k© d´ẗï xg®ẄÎFn © M§ d−ẗẅW¦ § Pd©
ip¦ z§ n©½ Ü i´¦Wt© § p iY¦ r§ cï ½© `Ÿl´ ai :mi«pŸ¦ Ox¦d̈ Ev−¥pd¥ ot¤ B¤½ d© d´g̈x«§ẗd£ ÆzF`x§l¦ lg®P̈ © d© i´¥A`¦ A§ zF −̀ x§l¦
ÆEf¡gYÎd« ¤ n© K®ÄÎd¤fg ¡ p¤ e§ iaE¦ W− iaE ¦ W ¬ ziO½¦ lE © X́d© ÆiaE ¦ W̧ iaE ¦ W³ ` (‡f wxt) :aicp̈Îi «¦ O¦ r© zFa− M§ x§n©
mi`½¦ l̈£g FńM§ K¦ik©½ x§¥i iwEO ´¥ g© aicp̈Îz ®¦ A© mi−¦lr̈P§ A© K¦i²©nr̈t§ Et̄ÏÎdn© a :m¦i«p̈g£ O«© «© d z−©lŸgn§ M¦ ziO½¦ lE © X́A©
:mi«P¦ WFX © A© d−b̈Eq miH½¦ g¦ z´©nx¥r£ ÆKp¥ h§ A¦ b¤f®Öd© x−©qg¤ § iÎl`© xd© Q©½ d© o´©B`© ÆKx¥x§Ẅ b :o«Ö`¨ i¬¥c§i d−¥Ur« £ n©
oFAÀ W§ g¤ A§ zFḱx¥A§ K¦ip©¹ ir¥ o®¥Xd© lC´©b§ n¦ M§ K−¥ x`Ë©v d :d«Ïa¦ v§ i¬¥n ¢̀ Ÿ mix−¦ẗr¢ i¬p¥ W§ M¦ K¦ic²©Ẅ i¬p¥ W§ c
z¬©Nc©e§ ln¤½ x§M© M© ÆKi¦ l©¸ r̈ K³¥W`Ÿx e :wU« ¤ Öc© i¬p¥ R§ d−¤tFv oFp½ äN§ d© lC´©b§ n¦ M§ ÆKR¥ `© miA½¦ xÎz © A© Æxr© WÎl ©¸ r©
z`Ÿf³ g :mi«bEp ¦ r£ Y «© A© d−ä£d` «© Y§ n§ rP̈Îd
©½ nE
© ÆzitÏÎd ¦ n© f :mih«¦ d̈x§Ä xE¬q`¨ Kl−¤ ¤ n o®n̈B̈x§`© M̈ K−¥W`Ÿx
`³p̈ÎEid«§ i¦ e§ ei®P̈q¦ p§ q© A§ d−f̈£gŸ`« xn̈½ z̈a§ d´¤lr¡ ¤̀ ÆiY¦ x§n©¸ `¨ h :zFlŸ« MW§ `© l§ K¦ic−©Ẅe§ xn̈½ z̈l§ d´z̈n§ «C̈ ÆKz¥ n̈Fw«
a−¥aFC mix®¦Ẅin¥ l§ icFc −¦ l§ K¬¥lFd aFH² d© oi¬¥iM§ KM¥¾ g¦ e§ i :migER «¦ Y© M© K−¥R`© gi¬¥ © xe§ ot¤ B¤½ d© zFĺM§ W§ ¤̀ M§ ÆKi¦ c¸©Ẅ
:mix«¦ẗM§ A© dp̈i−¦lp̈ dc½¤ V̈d© `´¥vp¥ ÆicFc ¦ d³k̈l§ ai :Fz« ẅEWY§ i−©lr̈e§ icFc ½¦ l§ i´¦p£̀ `i :mi«p¦ W§ ¥ i i¬¥zt§ U¦
i−©
cŸCÎz ¤̀ o¬¥Y ¤̀ m²Ẅ mi®¦pFOx¦d̈ Ev−¥pd¥ xc½©n̈Q§ d© g´©YR¦ Æot¤ B¤̧ d© d³g̈x«§R̈ m`¦ d º¤̀ x§p¦ min½¦ x¨M§ l© Ædn̈iM¸¦ W© § p bi
wxt) :K«l̈ iY¦ p¬© § tv̈ icFC −¦ mi®¦pẄ§iÎm©B mi−¦Wc̈£g micb̈ ½¦ nÎl
§ M̈ ÆEpig¥̧ z̈RÎl § r© e§ gi © xÎEp
À¥ z«§ p̈ mi´¦`c̈EC«©d ci :K«l̈
L£
À b «d̈p§ ¤̀ a :il«¦ EfEaïÎ`Ÿl ¬ m−©B L½ w´Ẍ
§ ¤̀ ÆuEga© L³ £̀ «v̈n« § ¤̀ i®¦O`¦ i´¥cW§ w−¥pFi il½¦ g´¨`M§ ÆLp§ Y¦ ¤ i i³¦n ` (‡g
Fpi
− ni« ¦ e¦ iW`Ÿ
¦½ x zg´© © Y ÆFl`ŸnU§ b :i«pŸ¦ Ox¦ qi−¦qr«¥ £ n gw© x½¤d̈ o¦íI© n¦ ÆLw§ W§ `© ip®¥ ¦ cO§ l© Y§ i−¦O`¦ zi¬¥AÎl ¤̀ L² £̀ i« a«¦ £̀
cr¬© d−ä£d` «© d̈Îz ¤̀ Ex²xŸ§r« YÎd § n© E« | Exir¯¦ ŸÎdn© m®l̈ẄEx§« i zFṕA§ m−¤kz§ ¤̀ iY¦ r¬© § AW§ d¦ c :ip¦ w«¥ A§ g© Y§
dÖW ¨µ LiY¦½ x§xF© r« Æ©gEŖY© d© zg³© © Y D®c̈FCÎlr© zw−¤ ¤ Rx©z§ n¦ xĽ c§ O¦ dÎo © n¦ Ædl̈Ÿr z`ŸÀf i´¦n d :u«R̈g§ Y¤ W ¤
d³G̈rÎi© M«¦ LrFx§ ¤½ fÎlr© Æmz̈Fg«M© LA¤À lÎl ¦ r© mzFg« ¹̈ k© ip¦ ni ¥̧ U¦ e :Lz§ c«©l̈§i d¬l̈A§ g¦ dÖ−Ẅ LO¤½ `¦ Lz´© § lA§ g¦
ÆElkE« § i `Ÿl³ miAÀ¦ x© m¦i´©n f :d«ïz§ a¬¤ ¤ dl§ W © W−¥̀ iR¥¾ W§ x¦ d̈it¤¾ Ẅx§ d®¨`p§ w¦ lF −̀ W§ k¦ d¬Ẅẅ dä½ d£ ` «© Æze¤Ö¸ k©
EfEaï¬ fFA− dä½ d£ ` «© Ä ÆFziA¥ oFdÎl ³ M̈Îz ¤̀ Wi`¹¦ oY¦ ¥̧ iÎm`¦ d̈Et® h§ W¦ § i `Ÿl´ zFx−d̈pE § dä½ d£ `«d̈Îz «© ¤̀ zFÁk© l§
d´n̈FgÎm`¦ h :D«ÄÎxA© c§ªIW ¤ mFI−A© EpzŸ ¥½ g £̀ l«© ÆdU ¤ r«£ P© Îd«n© D®l̈ oi´¥̀ m¦ic−©Ẅe§ dP̈½ h© w§ ÆEpl̈¸ zF¬g`¨ g :Fl«
zFl® C̈b§ O¦ M© i−© cẄe§ dn̈½ Fg i´¦p£̀ i :fx¤` «¨ gE¬© l d̈i−¤lr̈ xE¬vp̈ `id½¦ zl´¤ ¤ CÎm`¦ e§ sq®M̈ ¤ zxi´¦ © h d̈i−¤lr̈ d¬¤pa§ p¦ `id½¦
mix®¦hŸ§ Pl© mx−¤ ¤ MdÎz © ¤̀ o¬©zp̈ oFn½ d̈ lr´© © aA§ ÆdŸnŸlW§ l¦ d³ïd̈ mx´¤ ¤ M `i :mFl« Ẅ z¬¥̀ vFn § M§ ei−p̈ir¥ a§ izi¬¦ ¦ id̈ f²¨`
:F«ix§RÎz ¦ ¤̀ mix¬¦hŸ§ pl§ m¦i−©z`n̈E dŸnŸl ½ W§ ÆLl§ sl³¤̀ ¤ d̈ i®p̈ẗl§ i−¦NW ¤ i¬¦nx§M© ai :sq« ¤ M̈ sl¬¤̀ ¤ F−ix§t¦ A§ `¬¦aï Wi²¦`
F`µ Æia¦ v§ l¦ L³ lÎd § n¥ c§ E« icFC À¦ | gx´©A§ ci :ipi ¦ ri
«¦ n¦ W§ d© K−¥lFwl§ mi¬¦aiW¦ w§ n© mix²¦a£ ¥ g miÀP© ¦ BA© za´¤ ¤ WFId© bi
:ipi¦ ri
«¦ n¦ W§ d© K−¥lFwl§ mi¬¦aiW¦ w§ n© mix²¦a£ ¥ g miÀP© ¦ BA© za´¤ ¤ WFId© :min«¦ Üa§ i¬¥ xd̈ lr−© milÏ ½¦ `«d̈ © xtŸŕ ¤ l§

~9~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx

ohv ,rha
r
hft jhkmh ubhshc v .pju 'rjav sungc v,thre rehg

uy -
dh erp ,una (10

x´©n`¨ | i´¦M `Ed® aFx−ẅ i¬¦M miY¦½ W§ l¦ R§ ux´¤̀
¤ Kx¤µ
¤C midŸl
À¦ `¡ m´g̈p̈Î`Ÿl« e§ m¼ r̈d̈Îz ¤̀ dŸ
» rx§R© g´©NW
© A§ id§
À¦ ie© fi
Kx¬¤
¤C mr²¨d̈Îz ¤̀ | mi¯¦dŸl`
¡ aQ©
¥̧ Ie© gi :dn̈§ix«¨v§ n¦ Ea¬Ẅe§ d−n̈g̈l§ n¦ m¬z̈Ÿ`x§A¦ mr²¨d̈ m¬¥gP̈¦iÎoR¤ midŸl
À¦ `¡
s−¥qFi zFn
¬ v§ rÎz
© ¤̀ d²¤WŸn gT¦
¬©Ie© hi :m¦ix«¨v§ n¦ ux¬¤̀
¤ n¥ l−¥̀ x¨U¦
§ iÎi«p¥ a§ E¬lr̈ mi²¦Wn£
ª g«e© sEqÎm©
® i x−Äc§ O¦ d©
m¯¤zil¦ r«©
£ de§ mk¤½ z§ ¤̀ ÆmidŸl
¦ ` ¡ cŸ³wt¦
§ i cŸw̧R̈ xŸn`
½ l¥ Æl ¥̀ x¨U¦
§ i i³p¥ AÎz
§ ¤̀ ri
© A¹¦ W§ d¦ r© A¥̧ W§ d© ÁiM¦ FO® r¦
¥ d d¿ëŸdi«e© `k :x«Äc§ O¦ d© d−¥vw§ A¦ mz̈½ ¥̀ a§ Eṕ£g«I© e© zŸ®MQª n¦ Er− q¦
ÁKlŸ § Ie© k :m«k¤ Y§ `¦ d−¤Gn¦ i²©zŸnv§ rÎz
© ¤̀
:dl̈§i «l̈ë m¬n̈Fi zk−¤
¤ ll̈ m®¤dl̈ xi´¦`d̈l§ W−¥̀ cEO
¬ r© A§ dl̈§i²©le§ Kx¤C½¤ d© m´z̈Ÿgp§ l© Æop̈r̈ cEO³ r© A§ mnFi
¹̈ mdi¥
¤̧ pt§ l¦
d−F̈d§i x¬¥Ac§©ie© ` (c‰i wxt) t :mr̈« d̈ i−p¥ t§ l¦ dl̈§i®l̈ W−¥̀ d̈ cEO º¦ Ÿl« ak
¬ r© e§ mn̈½ Fi Æop̈r̈«d¤ cEO³ r© WinïÎ`
m®Ïd© oi´¥aE lŸC−b§ n¦ oi¬¥A zŸxi
½ g«©
¦ d i´¦R Æip¥ t§ l¦ ÆEp£g«©ie§ EaWï
ªÀ e§ l¼ ¥̀ x¨U¦
§ i í¥pAÎl
§ ¤̀ x» A¥ C© a :xŸn`
« N¥ d¬¤WŸnÎl ¤̀
x¬©bq̈ ux®¨ § i í¥pa§ l¦ ÆdŸrx§R© x³©n`¨ e§ b :m«ÏdÎl
¤ `Ä m−¥d mi¬¦kaª p§ l ¥̀½ x¨U¦ © r© Ep£
− gz
«© F¬gk§ p¦ oŸt½ v§ lr´©
© A Æip¥ t§ l¦
Er¬ c«ï§ e§ Fli
½ gÎl § ÆdŸrx§t© A§ d³c̈a«§ M̈`¦ e§ m¼ di
¥ k̈aE ¤ x£
¥g`
«© sc´©x¨e§ dŸ
» rx§RÎa
© lÎz
¥ ¤̀ i´¦Yw©
§ Gg¦ e§ c :x«Äc§ O¦ d© m−¤dil¥ r£
Æeic̈är«£ e© dŸ³rx§R© aa©¸ l§ Kt¥Âd̈«I¥Âe© mr®¨d̈ gx−©ä i¬¦M m¦ix½©v§ n¦ Kl´¤
¤ nl§ ÆcB© Iªe© d :o«kÎEU
¥ r«£ I© e© d®F̈d§i i´¦p£̀ ÎiM«¦ m¦ix−©v§ n¦
FA® k§ xÎz
¦ ¤̀ xŸq− `¤
§ Ie© e :Epc«¥ a§ r̈«¥n l−¥̀ x¨U¦
§ iÎz ¤̀ Epg¬©
§ NWÎi
¦ M«¦ EpiU¦½ r̈ z`ŸǴÎdn© ÆExn`Ÿ«I©
§ e mr̈½ d̈Îl ¤̀
:FN« MÎl
ª r© m−¦Wl«
¦ Ẅe§ m¦ix®¨v§ n¦ ak¤ x´¤ lŸk− e§ xEg½ Ä Æak¤ x¸¤ zF`
¬ nÎW
¥ W ¥ gT¦
©À Ie© f :FO« r¦ gw¬©l̈ FO− rÎz
© ¤̀ e§
c¬ïA§ mi−¦`vŸ«
§ i l ¥̀½ x¨U¦
§ i í¥paE
§ l®¥̀ x¨U¦
§ i í¥pA§ i−¥
x£g` ¤ n ÆdŸrx§R© a³¥lÎz ¤̀ dÀëŸdi§ w´¥Gg§
«© sŸ¾Cx¦§Ie© m¦ix½©v§ n¦ Kl´¤ © ie© g
ei−Ẅx«¨ẗE dŸr½ x§R© ak¤ x´¤ ÆqEqÎlM̈ m½ÏdÎl
© r© mi´¦pŸg Æmz̈F` Ebi³¦V©Ie© mdi
¤À x£
¥g`
«© m¦ix¹©v§ n¦ EţC§ x¦§Ie© h :d«n̈x¨
d¬¥Pd¦ e§ mdi¥
¤¹ pirÎz
«¥ ¤̀ l`¥̧ x¨U¦
§ iÎi«p¥ a§ ÁE`U¦
§ Ie© aix®¦w§ d¦ dŸr− x§tE
© i :oŸt« v§ lr¬©
© A i−p¥ t§ l¦ zŸxi
½ g«©
¦ d ÆiRÎl
¦ r© Fli
® g¥ e§
d¼ WŸ
¤ nÎl ¤̀ »Exn`Ÿ«I©
§ e `i :d«F̈d§iÎl ¤̀ l−¥̀ x¨U¦
§ iÎi«p¥ a§ Ew¬ r£ v¦
§ Ie© cŸ`½ n§ ÆE`xi«§ I¦ e© mdi
¤À x£
¥g`
«© r´¥
© qŸp | m¦ix´©v§ n¦
:m¦ix«¨v§ O¦ n¦ Ep−¨`ivF
¦ d« l§ EpN̈½ z̈i´¦Ur̈ Æz`ŸGÎdn© x®Äc§ O¦ A© zEńl̈ Ep−Ÿg§ w© l§ m¦ix½©v§ n¦ A§ Æmix¦äwÎoi
§ ¥̀ i³¦lA§ n£
¦d
aFh¬ i´¦M m¦ix®¨v§ nÎz
¦ ¤̀ d ´c̈a§ r«© p© e§ EP−¤On¦ l¬©
c£g xŸn`
½ l¥ Æmi¦ x¸©v§ n¦ a§ Li³¤l ¥̀ Epx§A©¸ C¦ ÁxW£̀
¤ xaÀ̈ C̈d© d´¤fÎ`Ÿl£d ai

~ 10 ~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx
ÆE`xE§ EaÀ S©
§ iz§ d«¦ ¼E`xi
¼¨ YÎl
¦ `© m» r̈d̈Îl ¤̀ d´¤WŸn xn`ŸI̧©
¤ e bi :x«Äc§ O¦ A© Ep−¥zOª n¦ m¦ix½©v§ nÎz
¦ ¤̀ cŸár£ ÆEpl̈¸
Et²¦qŸz `¬Ÿl mF½Id© Æmi¦ x¸©v§ nÎz
¦ ¤̀ m³¤zi`¦ x§ xW£̀
¤̧ iMÀ¦ mF®Id© m−¤kl̈ d¬¤Ur«© ¤ d½ëŸdi§ zrEW§
£ iÎxW£̀ ´© iÎz ¤̀
dWŸ
¤½ nÎl ¤̀ ÆdF̈d§i xn`Ÿ
¤ I³ e© eh t :oEW« x£
¦ gY
«© m−¤Y`© e§ m®¤kl̈ m´¥gN̈¦i d−F̈d§i ci :m«l̈FrÎcr© cFr− m¬z̈Ÿ`x§l¦
L² c«ïÎz
§ ¤̀ d¯¥h§pE LÀ H§ nÎz«
© ¤̀ mx´¥d̈ dYº̈ `© e§ fh :Er«Q̈¦ie§ l−¥̀ x¨U¦
§ iÎi«p¥ AÎl
§ ¤̀ x¬¥AC© i®l̈ ¥̀ wr−©v§ YÎd
¦ n©
m¦ix½©v§ n¦ a´¥lÎz ¤̀ ÆwG¥ g© n§ i³¦p§pd¦ iÀp£̀
¦ «e© fi :d«ẄÄ©IA© m−Ïd© KFz
¬ A§ l²¥̀ x¨U¦
§ iÎi«p¥ a§ E`Ÿāïe§ Edr®¥ẅaE
§ m−ÏdÎl
© r©
d®F̈d§i i´¦p£̀ ÎiM«¦ m¦ix−©v§ n¦ Er¬ c«ï§ e§ gi :ei«Ẅx«¨ẗaE
§ FA− k§ x¦A§ Fli
½ gÎl § ÆdŸrx§t© A§ d³c̈a«§ M̈`¦ e§ m®¤dix£
¥ k̈aE ¥g`
«© E`Ÿaï
− e§
Kl−¥
¤ Ie© l ¥̀½ x¨U¦
§ i d´¥pg£ n
«© Æip¥ t§ l¦ ÆKlŸ
¥ dd«© midŸl
À¦ `«d̈
¡ K´©`l§ n© rQ¦
º© Ie© hi :ei«Ẅx«¨ẗaE
§ FA− k§ x¦A§ dŸr½ x§t© A§ ic´¦ a«§ M̈d¦ A§
d´¥pg£ n
«© ÆoiaE
¥ m¦ixÀ©v§ n¦ d´¥pg£ n
«© | oi´¥A `ŸºaÏ©e k :m«di
¤ x£
¥g`
«© n¥ cŸn− r«£ I© «e© mdi¥
¤½ pR§ n¦ Æop̈r̈«d¤ cEO³ r© rQ¦
º© Ie© m®¤dix£
¥g`
«© n¥
© M̈ d−¤fÎl ¤̀ d²¤f ax¬©ẅÎ`Ÿl« e§ dl̈§i®N̈dÎz
d´¤WŸn h¥̧I©e `k :dl̈§iN̈« dÎl © ¤̀ x ¤̀−Ï©e KW
¤ g½ d© e§ Æop̈r̈«d¤ i³¦d§ie© l ¥̀½ x¨U¦
§i
d®äx«g̈
¨ l¤ m−ÏdÎz
© ¤̀ mU¬Ï©
¤ e dl̈§iN©½ dÎl
© M̈ ÆdG̈r© mic³¦ ẅ gE
© x̧A§ mÏÂdÎz
©Â ¤̀ | d´F̈d§i KlFÍ©
¤ e mÏ
¼ dÎl
© r© »FcïÎz ¤̀
m−p̈ini
¦ n«¦ dn̈½ Fg Æmd¤ l̈ m¦i³©Od© e§ d®ẄÄ©IA© m−Ïd© KFz
¬ A§ l²¥̀ x¨U¦
§ iÎi«p¥ a§ E`ŸāÏ©e ak :m¦iÖ
« d© Er− w«
§ ÄI¦ e©
:m«Ïd© KFYÎl
− ¤̀ ei®Ẅx«¨ẗE FA− k§ x¦ dŸr½ x§R© qEq́ lŸMµ mdi
¤½ x£
¥g`
«© E`ŸáÏ©e Æmi¦ x¸©v§ n¦ Et³ C§ x¦§Ie© bk :m«l̈`ŸnV§ nE
¦
d¬¥pg£ n
«© z−¥̀ md̈¾Ïe© o®p̈r̈e§ W−¥̀ cEO
¬ r© A§ m¦ix½©v§ n¦ d´¥pg£ nÎl
«© ¤̀ ÆdF̈d§i sw³¥W©
§ Ie© xwŸ¤ A½ d© zxŸń
¤ W§ `© A§ Æid§
¦ i«e© ck
i´¦M l ¥̀½ x¨U¦
§ i í¥pR§ n¦ Ædq̈Ep̧`¨ m¦ixÀ©v§ n¦ xn`Ÿ
¤ Íe© z®ª
ca¥ k§ A¦ Ed−¥bd£ «p© i§ «e© eiz̈Ÿ½ aM§ x§n© o´©tŸ` z`¥µ xqÀ̈
© I©e dk :m¦ix«¨v§ n¦
Æmi¦ O©¸ d© Ea³ªWïe§ m®ÏdÎl
© r© L− c«ïÎz
§ ¤̀ d¬¥h§p dWŸ ¤ I³ e© ek t :m¦ix«¨v§ n¦ A§ m−¤dl̈ m¬g̈l§ p¦ d½ëŸdi§
¤½ nÎl ¤̀ ÆdF̈d§i xn`Ÿ
ÆxwŸ¤ A̧ zF¬pt§ l¦ m¹̈Id© aẄ¸Ïe© mÀ̈IdÎl
© r© FcïÎz
¹ ¤̀ dWŸ
¤̧ n Áh¥Ie© fk :ei«Ẅx«¨R̈Îlr© e§ FA− k§ xÎl
¦ r© m¦ix½©v§ nÎl
¦ r©
EQ³ k§
© ie© m¦iO©À d© Ea´ªWÏ©e gk :m«Ïd© KFz
¬ A§ m¦ix−©v§ nÎz
¦ ¤̀ d²F̈d§i xr©
¯¥pi§ e© Fz`
® x¨w§ l¦ mi´¦qp̈ m¦ix−©v§ nE
¦ Fp½ z̈i´¥̀ l§
§ pÎ`Ÿl« m®ÏA© m−¤dix£
:c«g̈ ¤̀ Îcr© m−¤dÄ x¬©`W¦ ¥g`
«© mi¬¦`Äd© dŸr½ x§R© li´¥g ÆlŸkl§ miW¦½ ẍ´R̈dÎz
© ¤̀ e§ Æak¤ x¸¤d̈Îz ¤̀
rWFI̧©
© e l :m«l̈`ŸnV§ nE ¦ n«¦ dn̈½ Ÿg Æmd¤ l̈ m¦i³©Od© e§ m®Ïd© KFźA§ d−ẄÄ©Ia© E¬kl«d̈
¦ m−p̈ini § l²¥̀ x¨U¦
§ i ī¥paE
§ hk
:m«Ïd© z¬©tUÎl
§ r© z−¥n m¦ix½©v§ nÎz
¦ ¤̀ Æl ¥̀ x¨U¦
§ i `x³© § iÎz ¤̀ `Ed² d© mF¬IA© d¹ëŸdi§
§ Ie© m¦ix®¨v§ n¦ c´©In¦ l−¥̀ x¨U¦
ÆEpin¸¦ £̀ «I© «e© d®F̈d§iÎz ¤̀ mr−¨d̈ E`
¬ xi«§ I¦ e© m¦ix½©v§ n¦ A§ ÆdF̈d§i d³Ür̈ xW£̀
¤̧ dlŸÀ̈ cB§ d© c´ÏdÎz
© ¤̀ l ¥̀¹ x¨U¦
§ i `x¸§I© e© `l
Æz`ŸGd© dxi
³¨ X¦ dÎz
© ¤̀ l ¥̀¹ x¨U¦
§ i i¥̧paE
§ ÁdWŸ
¤ nÎxiW«ï
¦ f´¨` ` (e‰h wxt) t § d½ëŸdi«A©
:FC« a§ r© d−¤WŸnaE
D½ï Æzx¨n¦
§ fe§ i³¦Gr̈ a :m«Ïa© d¬n̈x¨ Fa− kŸ§ x« e§ qE¬q d`B̈
¨½ dŸ´`b̈ÎiM«¦ ÆdF̈di«N© dxi³¦ § e d½ëŸdi«©l
¨ W`¨ xŸ®n`l¥ Ex−n`Ÿ«I©
:Fn« W§ d−F̈d§i d®n̈g̈l§ n¦ Wi´¦` d−F̈d§i b :Edp«¤
§ nnŸ§ x« £̀ «e© i−¦a`¨ i¬¥dŸl`
¡ Ed½e¥p§ `© e§ Æil¦ ¥̀ d³¤f drEWi
®¨ l«¦ i−¦lÎid§
¦ i«e©
Ec¬ x«ï
§ En®ªiq§ k§
© i zŸnŸ− dY§ d :sEqÎm©
« ia§ Er¬ A§ hª ei−Ẅl«
¦ Ẅ x¬©ga§ nE
¦ m®Ïa© dxï
´¨ Fli
− g¥ e§ dŸ²rx§R© zŸ¬aM§ x§n© c
qŸx́£dY
«© L− pF
§ `« B§ aŸx¬ aE
§ f :a«¥iF` ur¬©x§Y¦ d−F̈d§i L¬ pi
§ n§
«¦ i gŸ® § p d½ëŸdi§ Ĺpi
© MA© ix−¦C̈`¤ § n§ «¨ M§ zŸlFv
«¦ i e :oa¤ `ÎFn − n§ a¦
~ 11 ~
 jxp ka hghca khk rsx
¬ t§ ẅ« mi®¦l§fŸ«p c−¥pÎFnk§ Ea¬ S§ p¦ m¦in©½ Enx§r´¤
E` ¤ p ÆLiR¤̧ `© gE
© x³aE
§ g :WT«© M© Fn−¥lk`Ÿ«
§ i L½ pŸ§ x́£g ÆgN© W
© Y§ Li®¤nẅ
iA½¦ x§g© wix´¦`¨ iW¦½ t©
§ p Fn´¥̀ l̈n§ Y¦ l®l̈Ẅ w´¥Ng© £̀ bi−¦V`© sŸC¬ x§ ¤̀ a²¥iF` x¬©n`¨ h :m«ïÎal¤ A§ zŸnŸ− dz§
Æml¦ ¥̀ Ä« dk̈Ÿn³ k̈Îin«¦ `i :mixi
«¦ C¦ `© m¦i−©nA§ zx¤tFr«
¤½ M© ÆEl£l«v̈ m®ï Fn´Q̈M¦ L£
− gEx« a§ Ÿt¬©
§ Wp̈ i :icï
«¦ Fn−¥WixF¦ Y«
z̈i¬¦gp̈ bi :ux¤`
«¨ Fnr−¥l̈a§ Y¦ L½ pi´¦
§ n§i Æz̈ihp̈
¸¦ ai :`l« ¥ r zŸN− d¦ z§ `xFp
¤ t¤ dUŸ¬ ¬¨ WcŸ® § p dk̈Ÿn− M̈ i¬¦n d½ëŸdi§
¤ TA© x ´C̈`¤
i−¥aWŸ«
§ i fg©½ `¨ li´¦g oE®fB̈x¦§i mi−¦Or© Er¬ n«
§ Ẅ ci :L«¤Wc§ ẅ d¬¥epÎl
§ ¤̀ L− G§ r̈a§ Ÿl¬©
§ d¥p Ÿl®¨
§ `B̈ Ef́Îmr© L− C§ q§ g© a§
lŸŖY¦ fh :or«© p̈k§ i¬¥aWŸ«
§ i lŸM− EbŸnp̈
¾ cr®¨
© x Fn−¥fg£ `Ÿ«i a`Fn
¨½ i´¥li ¥̀ mFc½ `
¡ i´¥tEN`© ÆEl£da§ p¦ f³¨` eh :zW«l̈
¤ R§
£ iÎcr«© d½ëŸdi§ ÆLO§ r© xŸ³ar«©
:z̈i«p¦ ẅ E¬fÎmr© xŸa− r«© £ iÎcr© oa®¨
¤ `M̈ EńC¦§ i L− rF
£ x§« f lŸc¬ b§ A¦ cg© të
©½ Ædz̈n̈¸ i ¥̀ m³¤dil¥ r£
| d¬F̈d§i gi :Licï
«¤ E¬p£pFM« i−p̈Ÿc £̀ W ¾c̈T§ n¦ d®F̈d§i Ÿl§ r−©R̈ L² Y§ a§ W¦ l§ oFk̄n̈ L½ z«l̈£
§ g«p© x´©dA§ ÆFnr¥̧ Ḧz¦ e§ Fn ¥̀À a¦ Y§ fi
m®Ïd© i´¥nÎz ¤̀ m−¤dl¥ r£ d²F̈d§i aW¯Ï©
¤ e m½ÏA© ÆeiẄx«¨ẗaE «¤ m¬l̈Ÿrl§ KŸl− n¦
§ FA³ k§ x¦A§ dŸr¹ x§R© qEq̧ Á`ä i´¦M hi :crë §i
sŸY− dÎz
© ¤̀ oŸx£
²d`
«© zFḡ £̀ d`i
¹̈ a¦ P§ d© m¸ïx§n¦ ÁgT© Y©
¦ek t :m«Ïd© KFz
¬ A§ d−ẄÄ©Ia© E¬kl«d̈
§ l²¥̀ x¨U¦
§ i ī¥paE
§
© Y©e `k :zŸlŸ« gn§ aE
dŸ´`b̈ÎiM«¦ ÆdF̈di«©l Exi³¦W m®ïx§n¦ m−¤dl̈ or¬© ¦ mi−¦Rzª A§ d̈ix£
½¤g`
«© ÆmiWP̈
¦ dÎl
© k̈ ¨ o`³¤vY©
¥ e D®c̈ïA§
xEWÎx
® A© c§ nÎl
¦ ¤̀ E −̀ v«§ I¥ e© sEqÎm©
½ In¦ Æl ¥̀ x¨U¦
§ iÎz ¤̀ d³¤WŸn rQ©
©¸ Ie© ak q :m«Ïa© d¬n̈x¨ Fa− kŸ§ x« e§ qE¬q d`B̈
¨½
§ `Ÿl´ e§ dz̈x½¨n̈ E`ŸáÏ©e bk :m¦in̈
dx½¨Ön¦ Æmi¦ n©¸ zŸ¬YW§ l¦ ElÀ k«ï « E`v¬n̈Î`Ÿl
§ ¤ Ÿl« W§ Ek̄l«§ I¥ e©
e§ x−Äc§ O¦ A© mi²¦nïÎzW
wr´©v¦
§ Ie© dk :dY
«¤ W¦ − N¥ d¬¤WŸnÎlr© mr²¨d̈ EpŸN¦
§ PÎdn© xŸn` ¯ Ie© ck :dx«¨n̈ D−n̈WÎ`
§ x¨ẅ« o¬¥MÎlr© m®¥d mix−¦n̈ i¬¦M
:Ed«Q̈p¦ m¬Ẅe§ h−R̈W§ nE
¦ wŸ¬g Fl² m¬Ü m´Ẅ m¦i®Öd© Ew− Y§ n¦
§ I«e© m¦iO©½ dÎl
© ¤̀ ÆKl¥ W© xFI©e dÀëŸdi§ Îl ¤̀
§ Ie© ur¥½ ÆdF̈d§i Ed³¥
eiz̈Ÿ½ ev§ n¦ l§ ÆŸp©§ f £̀ d«© e§ dU
¤½ r£ Y
«© Æeip̈ir¥ A§ x³ẄÏd© e§ LidŸl
¤À `¡ d´F̈d§i | lFẃl§ rn©¹ W§ Y¦ rF
© ņẄÎm`¦ Áxn`Ÿ
¤ ÁI©e ek
¨ Ÿl« Æmi¦ x¸©v§ n¦ a§ iY¦ n³©
:L«¤̀ tŸ§ x« d−F̈d§i i¬¦p£̀ i²¦M Lil¤½ r̈ mi´¦U`Î` § UÎxW£̀
¤ dl£
º̈ gO«©
«© dÎlM̈ eiT®¨gÎl
ª M̈ −Ÿx§n«
© Ẅe§

~ 12 ~