Profesor: Jonathan Alfaro Méndez
Universidad: Universidad Politécnica De
Guanajuato
Fecha: 07/02/2025
Alumna: Miriam Esther Herrera Tovar
Materia: Ingeniería Asistida Por Computadora I
PIEZA 2
Contenido
Objetivos de la tarea............................................................................................................3
Introducción........................................................................................................................3
Desarrollo............................................................................................................................4
Conclusiones.....................................................................................................................21
Objetivos de la tarea
Este análisis busca entender cómo se comporta una pieza de acero cuando se le
aplica una carga estática usando el método de elementos en ANSYS. El propósito
es evaluar la distribución de esfuerzos, la deformación total y el factor de
seguridad para asegurarnos de que la pieza pueda soportar las condiciones de
carga sin fallar. Además, se pretende identificar las zonas donde los esfuerzos son
más altos para optimizar el diseño, mejorar su rendimiento y reducir material
innecesario. Este estudio también servirá como referencia para futuras
investigaciones, incluyendo análisis de fatiga y cambios en la temperatura, y
podría ayudar a evaluar diferentes diseños y materiales alternativos para hacer la
pieza más eficiente. Más allá de comprobar la resistencia de la pieza, asegurando
que los componentes mecánicos cumplan con los estándares de seguridad y
calidad exigidos actualmente.
Introducción
El análisis de elementos en ANSYS es una técnica clave que permite predecir
cómo se comportan estructuras y piezas mecánicas bajo diferentes cargas. Con
esta herramienta, podemos identificar con precisión los esfuerzos internos, las
deformaciones y los factores de seguridad, optimizando los diseños antes de
fabricarlos. Esto ayuda a reducir costos y evitar fallos prematuros. Este tipo de
análisis es especialmente útil en la industria manufacturera, donde se busca
desarrollar componentes eficientes y resistentes sin necesidad de realizar
múltiples prototipos físicos. Gracias a la simulación computacional, se pueden
anticipar fallas, mejorar el uso de materiales y garantizar la durabilidad de las
piezas bajo condiciones de trabajo exigentes. Se utilizó ANSYS para estudiar una
pieza de acero estructural sometida a una carga estática. Se generó una malla
adecuada, se definieron las propiedades del material y se establecieron las
condiciones de carga y restricción necesarias para evaluar su desempeño. Se
analizaron distintos parámetros, incluyendo la deformación total y los esfuerzos
equivalentes, para determinar la resistencia estructural de la pieza y su capacidad
para operar de manera segura. A lo largo de este informe, se explican los
parámetros del modelo, los resultados obtenidos y su interpretación en términos
de seguridad estructural y eficiencia del diseño. Se busca no solo verificar el
rendimiento de la pieza en su estado actual, sino también explorar alternativas
para optimizar su desempeño.
Desarrollo
Project*
First Saved Friday, February 7, 2025
Last Saved Friday, February 7, 2025
Product Version 2025 R1
Save Project Before Solution No
Save Project After Solution No
Contents
Units
Model (A4)
o Geometry Imports
Geometry Import (A3)
o Geometry
1Pieza\Sólido
o Materials
o Coordinate Systems
o Mesh
o Static Structural (A5)
Analysis Settings
Loads
Solution (A6)
Solution Information
Results
Stress Tool
Safety Factor
Material Data
o Structural Steel
Units
TABLE 1
Unit System Metric (mm, kg, N, s, mV, mA) Degrees rad/s Celsius
Angle Degrees
Rotational Velocity rad/s
Temperature Celsius
Model (A4)
TABLE 2
Model (A4) > Geometry Imports
Geometry
Object Name
Imports
State Solved
TABLE 3
Model (A4) > Geometry Imports > Geometry Import (A3)
Object Name Geometry Import (A3)
State Solved
Definition
Source C:\Users\miria\OneDrive\Desktop\Practica 1\1Pieza.scdocx
Type SpaceClaim
Basic Geometry Options
Solid Bodies Yes
Surface Bodies Yes
Line Bodies Yes
Parameters Independent
Parameter Key
Attributes Yes
Attribute Key
Named Selections Yes
Named Selection Key
Material Properties Yes
Advanced Geometry Options
Use Associativity Yes
Coordinate Systems Yes
Coordinate System Key
Reader Mode Saves Updated File No
Use Instances Yes
Smart CAD Update Yes
Compare Parts On Update No
Analysis Type 3-D
Mixed Import Resolution None
Import Facet Quality Source
Clean Bodies On Import No
Stitch Surfaces On Import None
Decompose Disjoint Geometry Yes
Enclosure and Symmetry Processing Yes
Geometry
TABLE 4
Model (A4) > Geometry
Object Name Geometry
State Fully Defined
Definition
Source C:\Users\miria\OneDrive\Desktop\Practica 1\1Pieza.scdocx
Type SpaceClaim
Length Unit Meters
Element Control Program Controlled
Display Style Body Color
Bounding Box
Length X 60. mm
Length Y 25. mm
Length Z 25. mm
Properties
Volume 22285 mm³
Mass 0.17493 kg
Scale Factor Value 1.
Statistics
Bodies 1
Active Bodies 1
Nodes 6931
Elements 3830
Mesh Metric None
Update Options
Assign Default Material No
Basic Geometry Options
Solid Bodies Yes
Surface Bodies Yes
Line Bodies Yes
Parameters Independent
Parameter Key
Attributes Yes
Attribute Key
Named Selections Yes
Named Selection Key
Material Properties Yes
Advanced Geometry Options
Use Associativity Yes
Coordinate Systems Yes
Coordinate System Key
Reader Mode Saves Updated File No
Use Instances Yes
Smart CAD Update Yes
Compare Parts On Update No
Analysis Type 3-D
Mixed Import Resolution None
Import Facet Quality Source
Clean Bodies On Import No
Stitch Surfaces On Import None
Decompose Disjoint Geometry Yes
Enclosure and Symmetry Processing Yes
TABLE 5
Model (A4) > Geometry > Parts
Object Name 1Pieza\Sólido
State Meshed
Graphics Properties
Visible Yes
Transparency 1
Definition
Suppressed No
Stiffness Behavior Flexible
Coordinate System Default Coordinate System
Reference Temperature By Environment
Treatment None
Material
Assignment Structural Steel
Nonlinear Effects Yes
Thermal Strain Effects Yes
Bounding Box
Length X 60. mm
Length Y 25. mm
Length Z 25. mm
Properties
Volume 22285 mm³
Mass 0.17493 kg
Centroid X 27.724 mm
Centroid Y -9.4818e-005 mm
Centroid Z 2.6199e-004 mm
Moment of Inertia Ip1 11.906 kg·mm²
Moment of Inertia Ip2 58.707 kg·mm²
Moment of Inertia Ip3 58.043 kg·mm²
Statistics
Nodes 6931
Elements 3830
Mesh Metric None
CAD Attributes
PartTolerance: 0.00000001
SCRootPartComponent
Color:143.175.143
TABLE 6
Model (A4) > Materials
Object Name Materials
State Fully Defined
Statistics
Materials 1
Material
0
Assignments
Coordinate Systems
TABLE 7
Model (A4) > Coordinate Systems > Coordinate System
Global Coordinate
Object Name
System
State Fully Defined
Definition
Type Cartesian
Coordinate System ID 0.
Origin
Origin X 0. mm
Origin Y 0. mm
Origin Z 0. mm
Directional Vectors
X Axis Data [ 1. 0. 0. ]
Y Axis Data [ 0. 1. 0. ]
Z Axis Data [ 0. 0. 1. ]
Transfer Properties
Source
Read Only No
Mesh
TABLE 8
Model (A4) > Mesh
Object Name Mesh
State Solved
Display
Display Style Use Geometry Setting
Defaults
Physics Preference Mechanical
Element Order Program Controlled
Element Size 3.0 mm
Sizing
Use Adaptive Sizing Yes
Resolution Default (2)
Mesh Defeaturing Yes
Defeature Size Default
Transition Fast
Span Angle Center Coarse
Initial Size Seed Assembly
Bounding Box Diagonal 69.642 mm
Average Surface Area 823.02 mm²
Minimum Edge Length 31.755 mm
Quality
Check Mesh Quality Yes, Errors
Error Limits Aggressive Mechanical
Target Element Quality Default (5.e-002)
Smoothing Medium
Mesh Metric None
Inflation
Use Automatic Inflation None
Inflation Option Smooth Transition
Transition Ratio 0.272
Maximum Layers 5
Growth Rate 1.2
Inflation Algorithm Pre
Inflation Element Type Wedges
View Advanced Options No
Advanced
Number of CPUs for Parallel Part Meshing Program Controlled
Straight Sided Elements No
Rigid Body Behavior Dimensionally Reduced
Triangle Surface Mesher Program Controlled
Topology Checking Yes
Pinch Tolerance Please Define
Generate Pinch on Refresh No
Automatic Methods
Sheet Body Method Quad Dominant
Sweepable Body Method Sweep
Statistics
Nodes 6931
Elements 3830
Show Detailed Statistics No
FIGURE 1
Model (A4) > Mesh > Image
Static Structural (A5)
TABLE 9
Model (A4) > Analysis
Static Structural
Object Name
(A5)
State Solved
Definition
Physics Type Structural
Analysis Type Static Structural
Solver Target Mechanical APDL
Options
Environment Temperature 22. °C
Generate Input Only No
TABLE 10
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Analysis Settings
Object Name Analysis Settings
State Fully Defined
Step Controls
Number Of
1.
Steps
Current Step
1.
Number
Step End
1. s
Time
Auto Time
Program Controlled
Stepping
Solver Controls
Solver Type Program Controlled
Weak
Off
Springs
Solver Pivot
Program Controlled
Checking
Large
Off
Deflection
Inertia Relief Off
Quasi-Static
Off
Solution
Rotordynamics Controls
Coriolis
Off
Effect
Restart Controls
Generate
Restart Program Controlled
Points
Retain Files
After Full No
Solve
Combine
Program Controlled
Restart Files
Nonlinear Controls
Newton-
Raphson Program Controlled
Option
Force
Program Controlled
Convergence
Moment
Program Controlled
Convergence
Displacement
Program Controlled
Convergence
Rotation
Program Controlled
Convergence
Line Search Program Controlled
Stabilization Program Controlled
Advanced
Inverse
No
Option
Contact Split
Program Controlled
(DMP)
Output Controls
Output
None
Selection
Stress Yes
Back Stress No
Strain Yes
Contact Data Yes
Nonlinear
No
Data
Nodal Forces No
Volume and
Yes
Energy
Euler Angles Yes
General
Miscellaneou No
s
Contact
Miscellaneou No
s
Store Results
All Time Points
At
Result File
Program Controlled
Compression
Analysis Data Management
Solver Files C:\Users\miria\AppData\Local\Temp\WB_miria_20752_2\wbnew_files\dp0\SYS\
Directory MECH\
Future
None
Analysis
Scratch
Solver Files
Directory
Save MAPDL
No
db
Contact
Program Controlled
Summary
Delete
Unneeded Yes
Files
Nonlinear
No
Solution
Solver Units Active System
Solver Unit
nmm
System
TABLE 11
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Loads
Fixed
Object Name Force
Support
State Fully Defined
Scope
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Geometry 1 Face
Definition
Type Fixed Support Force
Suppressed No
Define By Components
Applied By Surface Effect
Coordinate System Global Coordinate System
X Component 27761 N (ramped)
Y Component 0. N (ramped)
Z Component 0. N (ramped)
FIGURE 2
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Fixed Support > Image
FIGURE 3
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Force
FIGURE 4
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Force > Image
Solution (A6)
TABLE 12
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution
Solution
Object Name
(A6)
State Solved
Adaptive Mesh Refinement
Max Refinement Loops 1.
Refinement Depth 2.
Information
Status Done
MAPDL Elapsed Time 4. s
MAPDL Memory Used 202. MB
MAPDL Result File Size 2.625 MB
Post Processing
Beam Section Results No
On Demand Stress/Strain No
TABLE 13
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Solution Information
Solution
Object Name
Information
State Solved
Solution Information
Solution Output Solver Output
Newton-Raphson Residuals 0
Identify Element Violations 0
Update Interval 2.5 s
Display Points All
FE Connection Visibility
Activate Visibility Yes
Display All FE Connectors
Draw Connections Attached To All Nodes
Line Color Connection Type
Visible on Results No
Line Thickness Single
Display Type Lines
TABLE 14
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Results
Total
Object Name Equivalent Stress
Deformation
State Solved
Scope
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Geometry All Bodies
Definition
Type Equivalent (von-Mises) Stress Total Deformation
By Time
Display Time Last
Separate Data by Entity No
Calculate Time History Yes
Identifier
Suppressed No
Integration Point Results
Display Option Averaged
Average Across Bodies No
Results
Minimum 2.7656 MPa 0. mm
Maximum 250. MPa 2.6478e-002 mm
Average 74.475 MPa 1.1864e-002 mm
Minimum Occurs On 1Pieza\Sólido
Maximum Occurs On 1Pieza\Sólido
Information
Time 1. s
Load Step 1
Substep 1
Iteration Number 1
FIGURE 5
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Equivalent Stress
TABLE 15
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Equivalent Stress
Time [s] Minimum [MPa] Maximum [MPa] Average [MPa]
1. 2.7656 250. 74.475
FIGURE 6
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Equivalent Stress > Image
FIGURE 7
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Total Deformation
TABLE 16
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Total Deformation
Time [s] Minimum [mm] Maximum [mm] Average [mm]
1. 0. 2.6478e-002 1.1864e-002
FIGURE 8
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Total Deformation > Image
TABLE 17
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Stress Safety Tools
Object Name Stress Tool
State Solved
Definition
Theory Max Equivalent Stress
Stress Limit Type Tensile Yield Per Material
TABLE 18
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Stress Tool > Results
Object Name Safety Factor
State Solved
Scope
Scoping Method Geometry Selection
Geometry All Bodies
Definition
Type Safety Factor
By Time
Display Time Last
Separate Data by Entity No
Calculate Time History Yes
Identifier
Suppressed No
Integration Point Results
Display Option Averaged
Average Across Bodies No
Results
Minimum 1.
Minimum Occurs On 1Pieza\Sólido
Information
Time 1. s
Load Step 1
Substep 1
Iteration Number 1
FIGURE 9
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Stress Tool > Safety Factor
TABLE 19
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Stress Tool > Safety Factor
Time [s] Minimum Maximum Average
1. 1. 15. 4.5134
FIGURE 10
Model (A4) > Static Structural (A5) > Solution (A6) > Stress Tool > Safety Factor > Image
Material Data
Structural Steel
TABLE 20
Structural Steel > Constants
Density 7.85e-006 kg mm^-3
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 1.2e-005 K^-1
Specific Heat 4.34e+005 mJ kg^-1 K^-1
Thermal Conductivity 6.05e-002 W mm^-1 K^-1
Resistivity 1.7e-004 ohm mm
TABLE 21
Structural Steel > Color
Gree
Red Blue
n
132 139 179
TABLE 22
Structural Steel > Compressive Ultimate Strength
Compressive Ultimate Strength MPa
0
TABLE 23
Structural Steel > Compressive Yield Strength
Compressive Yield Strength MPa
250
TABLE 24
Structural Steel > Tensile Yield Strength
Tensile Yield Strength MPa
250
TABLE 25
Structural Steel > Tensile Ultimate Strength
Tensile Ultimate Strength MPa
460
TABLE 26
Structural Steel > Isotropic Secant Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Zero-Thermal-Strain Reference Temperature K
295.15
TABLE 27
Structural Steel > S-N Curve
Alternating Stress MPa Cycles Mean Stress MPa
3999 10 0
2827 20 0
1896 50 0
1413 100 0
1069 200 0
441 2000 0
262 10000 0
214 20000 0
138 1.e+005 0
114 2.e+005 0
86.2 1.e+006 0
TABLE 28
Structural Steel > Strain-Life Parameters
Cyclic Strain
Strength Strength Ductility Ductility Cyclic Strength
Hardening
Coefficient MPa Exponent Coefficient Exponent Coefficient MPa
Exponent
920 -0.106 0.213 -0.47 1000 0.2
TABLE 29
Structural Steel > Isotropic Elasticity
Young's Modulus MPa Poisson's Ratio Bulk Modulus MPa Shear Modulus MPa Temperature K
2.e+005 0.3 1.6667e+005 76923
TABLE 30
Structural Steel > Isotropic Relative Permeability
Relative Permeability
10000
Conclusiones
Los resultados indican que la pieza puede soportar la carga aplicada, aunque con
un factor de seguridad mínimo de 1, lo que significa que está trabajando al límite
de su capacidad. Esto sugiere que, si la carga aumenta, podría haber riesgo de
falla, por lo que sería recomendable hacer algunos ajustes en el diseño.
La deformación total es muy baja, lo que demuestra que la pieza mantiene su
rigidez estructural. Sin embargo, el esfuerzo máximo alcanza los 250 MPa, justo
en el límite de fluencia del material, lo que implica que, si se incrementa la carga,
la pieza podría comenzar a deformarse de manera permanente. Se identificaron
algunas zonas donde los esfuerzos son elevados, lo que sugiere que se podría
mejorar la distribución del material o modificar la geometría para optimizar el
diseño. También se observó que la carga aplicada genera una respuesta estable y
uniforme, sin puntos críticos que puedan provocar fallas inesperadas. Para
mejorar la seguridad y el rendimiento de la pieza, se recomienda reforzar las áreas
de mayor esfuerzo o redistribuir la carga.
