LENGUASVIVAS
VOCABULARIO
TO STROKE acariciar
FEARLESS valiente
ANKLE tobillo
HUMBLE humilde
LUMPS grumos (noun: lumpy)
ARGUMENT discusión
VAIN creído
CHEERFUL positivo (op: grumpy)
WISE sabio (noun: wisdom)
STEPDAUGHTER hijastra
TO SIKN hundir
UPSET ofendido
SHELTERED protegido
NOMOFOBIA fobia a no tener el móvil
UNDERSTANDING comprensivo
UNRELIABLE que raja, falta
LETS permite
FALL OFF caerse
FALL DOWN caer
VINE vid, viña
SUN SCREEN bronceado
PLASTER tirita
OINTMENTS medicinas, pomadas, ungüentos
ENVISAGE prever, visualizar
ITCHY picor, picazón
HAILSTONES granizo
FOG, MIST niebla
THUNDER trueno
LIGHTNING relámpago
MANAGE TO lograr
LOOKING FORWARD esperar con ansia algo, desear, tener ganas
HURRY prisa
GET UP levantarse
GET UPSET enfadarse
IN BRAKETS entre paréntesis
CHILLY frío
POURING DOWN llueve mucho
MELTED fundirse
GIG mini-concierto
COMPOSER compositor
APPEAL llamar la atención
STAND aguantar, soportar
KEEN ON entusiasta
MATTRESS colchón
PILLOW almohada
BLANKET manta (lana)
DUVET manta (edredón)
CHOIR coro
CONDUCTOR director (música)
TUNE melodía
CATCHY pegadizo
TRACKS pistas (música)
SMASH romper, aplastar
SPLASH salpicar
TAP grifo
BARK ladrar
SNORE roncar
SNEEZE estornudar
WHISTLE silbido
DUST polvo
POND estanque
SET OFF partir (salir)
PLEASED contento
GRANT beca
WILLING TO dispuesto a
COMPLAIN quejarse
TEND TO suelo (tender a)
SPEED BUMPS baches
BOARD GAMES juegos de mesa
KEEP UP WITH estar al día con
FRAMER granjero
SOFT blando
HARDLY apenas (antes del verbo)
HARD difícil (detrás del verbo)
DUTIES tareas
TWIN mellizo
IDENTICAL TWIN gemelo
PUT OFF posponer
LUGGAGE equipaje
SPOIL mimar
FLUFFY esponjoso
TO ICE congelar
ATTEMPT intento
LONELY solitario
FREELY libremente
LATELY últimamente
CLOSELY cercanamente
TAKE AFTER SB parecerse
TAKE UP comenzar
TAKE OVER tomar el control
TAKE OFF despegar / quitarse / empezar a tener éxito
TALK (SB) INTO hablar en
IT’S A RIP-OFF es una estafa
GET OUT OF salir de
FRIGHTENED asustado
QUITE muy
FAIRLY bastante
UTTERLY totalmente
ASTONISHED asombrado
BOILING muy muy caliente
ENRAGED enfurecido
STUNNING impresionante
BIZARRE extraño
SIDE-EFFECT efecto secundario
WEALTH riqueza
STRENGHT fuerza
DRAWBACK desventaja
TO WARN SB avisar a algn
TO STROLL pasear
LEISURELY sin prisa
POVERTY pobreza
MORTGAGE hipoteca
LOAN préstamo
BORROW pedir prestado
CAR CHASE persecución de coches
CONTENT contento
SO FAR hasta el momento
GROW CROPS cultivar
HUMIDITY humedad
SOB sollozo
BUDGET presupuesto
PAYDAY día de pago
RARE raro
HUNT cazar
TO SPRAIN torcer
WRIST muñeca
SLIGHTLY un poco
RATHER más bien
BY FAR en gran medida
ALMOST/NEARLY casi
FEWER menos
HOWEVER sin embargo
TO BET apostar
DEGREE carrera
ENCOURAGES animar, motivar
ASSIST ayudar
WITNESS testigo
PAVEMENT acera, calzada (pavimiento)
TO SNOOZE echarse una siesta
TO OVERSLEEP quedarse dormido (pegarse las sábanas)
TO TRIP OVER tropezar con
TO STAY UP quedarse en pie / quedarse despierto
DIFFER discrepar
OVERWHELMING arrollador / enorme
ACCOUNTANT contable
HAMMER martillo, mazo
SUCH AS tal como, como, parecido
REGARDED considerar
NEEDLES agujas
ENSURE garantizar
ENRICH enriquecer
ENABLE permitir, posibilitar / facilitar
OSTRICH avestruz
TO SAVE FACE salvar el honor, las apariencias
HOODS capucha
BRAKES frenos
SIGHTS monumentos / vistas
STAB apuñalar
FED-UP harto
ATTAINABLE asequible
WANDER pasear
SOAKED empapado
LAY colocar, poner
TO TREAT SB invitar (dinero)
CHEAT engañar
TENANTS inquilino
CENSORSHIP censura
TOLD OFF reñir
TO WASH UP fregar
FILTHY mugriento
THIEF mínimo, reducido
THEFT robo
JEWEL joya (noun: jewellery)
SAFE BOX caja fuerte
TRUSTED WEBSITE web segura, fiable
SCAFFOLDING andamio
SECURITY CAMERA (CCTV=closed circuit television) cámara de seguridad
FOOD TROLLEY carrito con comida
GOGGLES gafas (no vista)
CHANGE SHIFTS cambiar turnos
FOOLPROOF PLAN plan infalible
GRAB agarrar
SEIZE agarrar / aprovecharse
TO SUCCEED triunfar
MEANS significar (noun: método)
SOAP OPERAS telenovelas, culebrones
TO ALLEGE declarar
BUSTLING activo / ajetreado
FASTEN abrochar
COSY acogedor, cómodo
REMOTE remoto
TO RISE despegar / elevar
SPEECH MARKS comillas
RUN-DOWN atropellar
LANDSCAPE paisaje
SOOTHE disparar (matar)
BIZARRE raro
KEEN afilado (adj: entusiasta)
LETDOWN decepción
YAWN bostezo
SCRUFFY desaliñado
SHABBY en mal estado
GIVE UP rendirse
ENROL inscribirse
TAKE ON contratar
SCARS cicatrices
GRAVE tumba
SHELF AND SHELVES estantería y estanterías
RIPE madura (fruta)
TO RETIRE jubilarse
WRINKLES arrugas
FUNNILY curiosamente, graciosamente
NET red
CEMETARY cementerio
PUT THE KETTLE ON poner la tetera al fuego
BLAME culpa
HAIRCUTS corte de pelo
SLICE rebanada (thin)
DICE dados
TO PRAISE alagar
SLIPPERY resbaladizo
WEEP llorar
TO BEG suplicar, rogar
AMUSING divertido
NORTHERN del norte
OVERSEAS en el extranjero
ENDANGERED SPECIES especies en peligro de extinción
SOLAR PANELS placas solares
DROUGHT sequía
FLOOD inundación
FREEZING congelación
FROST escarcha
BREEZE brisa
SCRATCHES arañazos
BRUISES moraduras
BLANKET manta
CROPS cultivos
LADDER escalera
PUT OFF posponer
PUT UP WITH SB aguantar, soportar
PUT SB UP alojar
CHARM charisma, Encanto
BACKPACKING mochilero, viaje de mochila
FILL llenar
CLIFFHANGER momento de suspense
FRASES
DO YOU FANCY? Te apetece?
IT´S GETTING LATE se está haciendo tarde
WOULD YOU RATHER… prefieres…
I COULD NOT HELP no pude evitar
RULE ST OUT descartar algo
I WANT SECONDS quiero repetir
MADE A FOOL OF burlarse
DOES IT RING A BELL? Te suena?
DON´T BOTHER no vale la pena
NOW AND AGAIN de vez en cuando
AROUND A LITTLE un poco
YOU TWISTED MY ARM (dar el brazo a torcer)
PUT YOUR FOOT DOWN meter la pata
TO GET COLD FEET echarse atrás (por miedo o no)
TO BURY YOUR HEAD IN THE SAND ignorar / no aceptar la realidad
TO PULL A FACE poner cara
TO COME UP WITH proponer
TO PUT ON A BRAVE FACE poner buena cara
TO LET ST SLIP THROUGH YOUR FINGERS dejar que algo se te escurra entre los
dedos
TO HAVE A FINGER IN PIE intervenir en todo /saber noticias, estar al día
TO LIVE FROM HAND TO MONTH tener poco dinero
TO PUT YOUR HEAD ON THE BLOCK poner la mano en el fuego
TO KEEP AN EYE ON ST vigilar algo
TO SEE EYE TO EYE WITH SB estar de acuerdo con alguien
TO TURN A BLIND EYE TO ST hacer la vista gorda a algo
TO PUT THE WOOL OVER SB’S EYES engañar a alguien
TO CAME FACE TO FACE WITH SB enfrentarse con alguien
PUT YOUR FINGER ON ST meter el dedo en la llaga
TO HAVE TIME ON YOUR HANDS tener tiempo libre (tiempo para hacer lo que
quieras)
TO HAVE A FREE HAND ofrecer ayuda
TO HAVE YOUR HANDS FULL estar ocupado
POURING DOWN llover mazo
GRAMÁTICA
CLAVES:
-Después de WANT, NEED, va infinitivo (to…)
-Después de sentimientos (LIKE, LOVE…) y phrasal verbs (con prep): siempre gerundio
-NO puede haber dos verbos seguidos en gerundio
-Después de preposición -ing
-Articles: a, an, the…
-Determiners: next, last, this, those (aquellos), that, these (estos)…
-Auxiliaries: have, has, do, does, is, are…
-Modal verbs: can…
-Pronouns: he, she, it, him, her, them, who…
-Relative clauses: who, where, when, why, which…
AS / LIKE:
As:
1- As=when, while (continuous verbs)
“As I was walking home, it started to rain”
2- As=because
“As I was ill, I didn’t go to work”
3- As=in the same way
4- COMPARISON: as_____as
as much______as (uncont)
as many______as (cont)
5- Such as (examples)
Like:
1- Like=in the same way (“I go running often like my brother”)
2- Like (examples)= “I enjoy Italian food, like lasagne”
3- Like=similar to… (“I love music like my dad”)
ARTICLES:
The:
- definite (specific=the door, unique=the king, superlative=the best, natural=the sun,
countries=the UK, geographic=the Nile)
A/An:
- indefinite (general, first time we talk about st, jobs, replace “one”)
Zero article:
- non specific (refers to all = “music is essential”), plural nouns
MODIFING VERBS:
-Gradable: a bit, a little, quite, fairly (bastante), really, extremely, very…
-Extreme: absolutely, totally, completely, utterly (absolutamente)…
CONECTORES:
-ppio y final: although, though, even though
-en medio: but, yet (todavía, aún), however
COSAS EXTRA:
-1: Would you prefer TO LIVE / 2: Would you rather LIVE
-To be used to (ing)= estar acostumbrado a (proceso acabado)
-To get used to (ing)= acostumbrarse a (adaptación, necesidad)
-Should=ought to
-Few: countable / Less: uncountable
-Verb: believe, relieve (aliviar) / Noun: belief, relief
-Sonido (a)=umbrella => an umbrella
-Sonido (u)=university => a university
-To do the washing = laundry (hacer la colada) / To do the washing-up (fregar los platos)
WRITING
ESSAY: (Seguro)
-Intro: It is often said, In today’s world/society, A topic that has been mentioned often…
SPEAKING
Giving opinions:
I. I think, I believe, I reckon (creo que…)
II. In my opinion, From my point of view
III. The way I see it
IV. If you ask me
V. I might be wrong but
Asking for others opinions:
I. What do you think?, What do you reckon?
II. What about… (this one)?
III. Do you share my view?
IV. Are we on the same page?
V. Do we see eye-to-eye?
VI. Do you feel the same (as me)?
Sequencing:
I. Would you like to start?
II. Shall I start?= ¿empiezo yo?
III. Let’s start with…(this one)
IV. Shall we?= ¿debemos?
Agreeing:
I. I’m with you (on that)
II. I agree
III. Exactly!
IV. I see what you mean
V. You look the words out of my mouth
Disagreeing:
I. I’m not sure I agree…
II. That’s not how I see it
III. I have a different view (about that)
IV. We don’t see eye-to-eye on that
