PAST SIMPLE
USO
1. Acción acabada y finalizada en el pasado.
Por ejemplo: I ate spaghetti yesterday.
ESTRUCTURA
- Afirmativa: sujeto + verbo acabado en -ed (Regulares)/// Verbo 2º columna
(Irregulares) + complementos
- Negativa: sujeto + didn't + verbo en infinitivo sin -to + complementos
- Interrogativa: Did + sujeto + verbo en infinitivo sin -to + complementos?
REGLAS ORTOGRAFÍA
Los verbos regulares se forman añadiendole "-ed" al verbo (en forma afirmativa).
Existen una serie de reglas ortográficas que debemos tener en cuenta:
1. Si un verbo acaba en "-e" muda, se añade solo "-d".
Ejemplos: live - lived / dance - danced / invite - invited.
2. Si un verbo acaba en consonante + y, se cambia la y por una "-i".
Ejemplos: cry - cried / try - tried / study - studied
3. Si el verbo es monosilábico y acaba vocal + consonante (excepto "-w" o "-x")
se dobla la última consonante.
Ejemplos: plan - planned / stop - stopped (pero fix - fixed)
4. Si el verbo contiene dos sílabas y el acento recae sobre la última de ellas, se
dobla la última consonante también.
Ejemplos: prefer - preferred / permit - permitted
5. Si un verbo acaba en "-l", se dobla esta consonante.
Ejemplos: travel - travelled
EXPRESIONES TEMPORALES /
ADVERBIOS
Los adverbios y las expresiones temporales ayudan a reconocer el tiempo
verbal en un supuesto ejercicio de tiempos verbales. Además son
fundamentales cuando nos expresamos porque denotan que te refieres al
pasado.
- Yesterday
- Last day/month/week/year
- A specific date in the past (In 1979)
- Ago
C𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀 𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗽𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝘀𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵:
1. My father (go) to work by car yesterday.
2. This morning I (have) a shower.
3. My sister (not clean) her room on Saturday.
4. The birds (fly) over our heads.
5. Last week my family (buy) a new table for the dinning room.
6. The other day, I (lose) my math’s book.
7. I (tell) my mother a lie.
8. We (hear) a terrible sound outside last night.
9. (you / see) the football match on Tuesday night?
10. Paul (drink) a litre of coke for lunch yesterday.
𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀 𝘂𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗽𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝘀𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵:
1. Susan [teach] English at university last year.
2. John [not like] studying English.
3. My sister [break] my computer.
4. Sarah [write] the best poem.
5. [you / know] the answer to the question?
6. She [be] my favourite singer when I was younger.
7. George [not be] my best friend.
8. Henry VIII [have] five wives.
9. I [study] French two years ago.
10. My daughter (draw) a nice brown cat.
PRESENT PERFECT
USO
- Se refiere a una acción ocurrida en el pasado, pero muy cercana al presente. Por
tanto, podemos decir que el presente perfecto simple se refiere a un pasado
reciente. Por ejemplo: I have been in Madrid this morning.
ESTRUCTURA
- Afirmativa: sujeto + have/has + participio (-ed en los regulares/3º columna en los
irregulares) + complementos
- Negativa: sujeto + haven't/ hasn't + participio + complementos
- Interrogativa: Have/ Has + sujeto + participio + complementos?
ADVERBIOS
ALREADY: ya, todavía / Frases afirmativas
YET: ya, todavia / frases negativas e interrogativas / Posición final
JUST: acabar de
NEVER: nunca (frases afirmativas)
EVER: alguna vez / Si aparece con una frase negativa significa "nunca"
SINCE: desde
FOR: durante
𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘁𝗲 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗼𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘄𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗽𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁 𝘀𝗶𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲:
1. She (already/finish) her English exercises.
2. Paul (just/eat). He doesn't want to eat any more.
3. (you/ever/be) in London?
4. Kate (never/go) to Australia.
5. (you/hear) the news yet?
6. Mary (buy) a new house.
7. Paul and Mary (find) a job in Switzerland.
8. Tom (celebrate) her birthday this morning.
9. (you/ever/see) a Kangaroo? I saw one last year.
10. (she/paint) her grandmother’s house yet?
Turn the following sentences into negative and question form using present perfect
simple:
1. She (live) in London for 6 years.
Negative:
Question:
2. I have (buy) a nice car.
Negative:
Question:
3. Hamilton (win) the race today.
Negative:
Question:
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE VS PAST SIMPLE
Complete the sentences using present perfect simple or past simple?
1. ________ you ever __________ (pass) an English exam?
2. What ________ you ________ (do) last night?
3. She ________ just ___________ (arrive) from Machester.
4. They ________ (see) Mary last week.
5. ________ you ________ (see) Mary lately?
1. Escribe el verbo entre paréntesis en "past simple" o "present perfect" según
corresponda:
1) They …………………… and are now on their honeymoon (get married)
2) I ……………………studying 10 years ago ( finish)
3) I ………………… a very interesting book about the Spanish Empire
(recientemente) ( finish)
4) I ………………………….the watch that my wife gave me on our honeymoon (lose)
5) This morning I ……………………..to the Spanish Embassy in Paris ( be) (todavía
es por la mañana)
6) They ……………………… five years ago in Napoles (get married)
7) Today I ………………….. a program on television about Africa ( watch)
8) This is the first time I …………………………. to the Theatre ( be)
9) Today I ……………………… tennis with my nephew (play)
10 My mother is not at home, she …………………. to the school to speak to my
) teacher (go)
11 Where have you been this afternoon? I …………………….. in a restaurant with my
) wife (be)
12 When I …………………..to London I visited the National Gallery (go)
)
13 A week ago I ………………………. a very interesting book about Islamic culture
) (read)
14 I ………………………….. four men yesterday morning near my office ( see)
)
15 This year I ……………………………..my studies ( finish)
)
16 When I was a child I ……………………….. tennis with my dad ( play)
)
16 When I was a child I ………………….. tennis with my dad (play)
)
17 Your boss …………………………..you yesterday evening ( phone)
)
18 Today I …………………… my father several times but I haven't been able to
) contact him ( phone)(todavía es por la mañana)
19 Americans ………………… to the Moon in 1969 (go)
)
20 A few days ago I ……………………. a very interesting programme on television
) about hunting (watch)
21 I went to the Russian Circus when I …………………… Moscow (visit)
)
22 I have already …………………. too much. I should stop now because I have to
) drive later (drink)
23 Oh! I …………………….. my watch. Have you seen it? (lose)
)
24 Last Friday I ………………… a lot at my friends wedding. I couldn't drive back
) home (drink)
