DISEÑO DE ZAPATA CENTRICA
DATOS DE ENTRADA
Diseñar la zapata céntrica:
A) DATOS
Carga viva de la zapata Pcv ≔ 73.22 tonnef
Carga muerta de la zapata Pcm ≔ 120.54 tonnef
kgf
Sobrecarga SC ≔ 450 ――
m2
sección de la columna D ≔ 40 cm
profundidad de desplante Df ≔ 1.6 m
kgf
peso especifico de relleno γr ≔ 1800 ――
m3
kgf
peso especifico del hormigón γH ≔ 2400 ――
m3
kgf
resistencia del hormigón f'c ≔ 210 ――
cm 2
kgf
fluencia del acero fy ≔ 5000 ――
cm 2
kgf
capacidad admisible del terreno qa ≔ 1.8 ――
cm 2
capacidad admisible del terreno Mxu ≔ 10.2 tonnef ⋅ m
capacidad admisible del terreno Myu ≔ 6.2 tonnef ⋅ m
B) AREA NECESARIA DE LA ZAPATA
Pcv + Pcm
AZ ≔ ―――――――― = 13.655 m 2
⎛ γr + γH ⎞
qa - ⎜――― ⎟ ⋅ Df - SC
⎝ 2 ⎠
D
L ≔ ‾‾‾
AZ + ―= 3.895 m L ≔ Ceil ((L , 5 cm)) L = 3.9 m
2
D
B ≔ ‾‾‾
AZ - ―= 3.495 m B ≔ Ceil ((B , 5 cm)) B = 3.5 m
2
C) EXENTRICIDADES
Myu Mxu
ey ≔ ―――― = 0.032 m ex ≔ ―――― = 0.053 m
Pcv + Pcm Pcv + Pcm
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Pcv + Pcm 6 ⋅ ⎛⎝Pcv + Pcm⎞⎠ ⋅ ey 6 ⋅ ⎛⎝Pcv + Pcm⎞⎠ ⋅ ex tonnef
qmax ≔ ―――― + ―――――― + ―――――― = 16.175 ―――
B⋅L B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2
Pcv + Pcm 6 ⋅ ⎛⎝Pcv + Pcm⎞⎠ ⋅ ey 6 ⋅ ⎛⎝Pcv + Pcm⎞⎠ ⋅ ex tonnef
qmin ≔ ―――― - ―――――― - ―――――― = 12.215 ―――
B⋅L B ⋅ L2 L ⋅ B2 m2
D') CALCULO DE CARGA PROMEDIO
⎛⎝qmax - qmin⎞⎠ ⋅ ((L - D)) tonnef
q1 ≔ ―――――――= 1.777 ―――
2⋅L m2
tonnef
q2 ≔ qmax - qmin = 3.96 ―――
m2
tonnef
q3 ≔ qmin + q2 = 16.175 ―――
m2
D) DISEÑO `POR FLEXION
L D
l ≔ ―- ―= 1.75 m
2 2
l2
Mu ≔ q3 ⋅ ―⋅ m = 24767.456 kgf ⋅ m b ≔ 100 cm ϕf ≔ 0.82 ϕl ≔ 12 mm
2
si, ρ ≔ 0.004 ρmin ≔ 0.003 r ≔ 7.5 cm ϕ ≔ 0.75
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mu
d≔ ―――――――――― = 40.002 cm
⎛ 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⋅ fy ⎞
ϕf ⋅ ρ ⋅ fy ⋅ b ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――― ⎟
⎝ f'c ⎠
ϕl
hz ≔ d + r + ―= 48.102 cm hz ≔ Ceil ⎛⎝hz , 15 cm⎞⎠ hz = 60 cm
2
ϕl
d ≔ hz - r - ―= 51.9 cm
2
E) VERIFICACION AL CORTE POR PUNZONAMIENTO
⎛ qmax + qmin ⎞
Vup ≔ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ ((((B ⋅ L)) - ((D + d)) ⋅ ((D + d)))) = 181771.565 kgf
⎝ 2 ⎠
b0 ≔ 2 ⋅ ((D + d)) + 2 ⋅ ((D + d)) = 367.6 cm
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
kgf
Vcp ≔ ϕ ⋅ 1.06 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ――b0 ⋅ d = 219795.925 kgf
cm 2
Diseño ≔ if ⎛⎝Vup < Vcp , “Cumple” , “Revisar”⎞⎠ Diseño = “Cumple”
F) VERIFICACION AL CORTE
⎛ qmax - qmin ⎞ ⎛ L - D ⎞ tonnef
q4 ≔ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ ⎜―― - d⎟ = 1.25 ―――
⎝ L ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ m2
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⎛ qmax - qmin ⎞ ⎛ L - D ⎞ tonnef
q4 ≔ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ ⎜―― - d⎟ = 1.25 ―――
⎝ L ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ m2
tonnef
q5 ≔ qmax - q4 = 14.925 ―――
m2
⎛ ((l - d)) ⎞
Vu ≔ ⎜q5 ⋅ ((l - d)) + q4 ⋅ ――― ⎟ ⋅ m = 19141.756 kgf
⎝ 2 ⎠
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
kgf
Vc ≔ ϕ ⋅ 0.53 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ――⋅ b ⋅ d = 29896.073 kgf
cm 2
Diseño ≔ if ⎛⎝Vu < Vc , “Cumple” , “Revisar”⎞⎠ Diseño = “Cumple”
G) CALCULO DE REFUERZO DE ACERO
Lado largo: L = 3.9 m
Mu = 24.767 tonnef ⋅ m d = 51.9 cm
f'c ⎛ 2.36 ⋅ Mu ⎞
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
ρnec ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ――――― ⎟ = 0.002
1.18 ⋅ fy ⎜⎝ ϕf ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ d 2 ⎟⎠
ρdis ≔ max ⎛⎝ρnec , ρmin⎞⎠ = 0.003
As ≔ ρdis ⋅ b ⋅ d = 15.57 cm 2 db ≔ 16 mm
⎛π⋅d 2 ⎞
b
As ⎛⎝Nb , db⎞⎠ ≔ Nb ⋅ ⎜――― ⎟
⎜⎝ 4 ⎟⎠
Realizar el armado real: As_pr ≔ As ⎛⎝8 , db⎞⎠ = 16.08 cm 2 Ab = 2.01 cm 2
Ab
Usando varillas de db = 16 mm la separación es: spos ≔ ――= 0.125
As_pr
Usar separación de: spos ≔ Trunc ⎛⎝spos ⋅ 100 cm , 1 cm⎞⎠ = 12 cm
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Lado corto: D
B D
⎛ 2 ⎞ ―- ―
⎜ ⎛―
B D⎞ ⎟ 2 2
⎜ - ―⎟ ⎟
qmax + qmin ⎜ ⎝ 2 2⎠
Muc ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ m = 17.052 tonnef ⋅ m
2 ⎝ 2 ⎠
ϕl
dc ≔ hz - r - ϕl - ―= 50.7 cm B
2
f'c ⎛ 2.36 ⋅ Muc ⎞
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ qmax + qmin
ρnec ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ――――― ⎟ = 0.002 ――――
1.18 ⋅ fy ⎜⎝ ϕf ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ dc 2 ⎟⎠ 2
ρdis ≔ max ⎛⎝ρnec , ρmin⎞⎠ = 0.003
As ≔ ρdis ⋅ b ⋅ dc = 15.21 cm 2 db ≔ 16 mm
Realizar el armado real: As_pr ≔ As ⎛⎝8 , db⎞⎠ = 16.08 cm 2 Ab = 2.01 cm 2
Ab
Usando varillas de db = 16 mm la separación es: spos ≔ ――= 0.125
As_pr
Usar separación de: spos ≔ Trunc ⎛⎝spos ⋅ 100 cm , 1 cm⎞⎠ = 12 cm
EAQUEMA DE ARMADO
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