Cálculo de las rigideces laterales de los pórticos

Se mostrará el cálculo de la matriz de rigidez lateral del pórtico de acuerdo con el plano:

Matriz de rigidez de barra para 6 gdl locales considerando el efecto de corte, pero solo se
considerará para las dos columnas exteriores de 25x80cm de este pórtico. Para el resto de los
elementos no se considerará este efecto:

E ≔ 150000 ⋅ ‾‾‾
210 = 2173706.512
⎛ h ⎞2
a ((ν , L , h)) ≔ 2.4 ⋅ ((ν + 1)) ⋅ ⎜― ⎟ ν ≔ 0.15
⎝L⎠

⎡ E⋅A 0 0 -E ⋅ A 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 12 6 -12 6 ⎥
⎢ 0 ―― ⋅E⋅I ―⋅ E ⋅ I 0 ―― ⋅E⋅I ―⋅ E ⋅ I ⎥
⎢ L2 L L2 L ⎥
⎢ 6 -6 ⎥
⎢ 0 ―⋅ E ⋅ I ((4 + α)) ⋅ E ⋅ I 0 ―― ⋅E⋅I ((2 - α)) ⋅ E ⋅ I ⎥
1 L L
k_local ((α , E , A , I , L)) ≔ ―――― ⋅⎢ ⎥
((1 + α)) ⋅ L ⎢ -E ⋅ A 0 0 E⋅A 0 0 ⎥
⎢ -12 -6 12 -6 ⎥
⎢ 0 ―― ⋅ E ⋅ I ―― ⋅E⋅I 0 ―― ⋅E⋅I ―― ⋅E⋅I ⎥
⎢ L2 L L2 L ⎥
⎢ 6 -6
―⋅ E ⋅ I ((2 - α)) ⋅ E ⋅ I ((4 + α)) ⋅ E ⋅ I ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 L
0 ――
L
⋅E⋅I ⎥⎦

Numeración de los Sistema Q-D

elementos 1D

K1: Rigidez local de las barras 1

L1 ≔ 3.6 b1 ≔ 0.5 h1 ≔ .05 A1 ≔ b1 ⋅ h1

h1 3
I1 ≔ b1 ⋅ ――
α1 ≔ a ((ν , L1 , h1)) = 0.001 12

⎡ 15087.15 0 0 -15087.15 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 2.91 5.24 0 -2.91 5.24 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 5.24 12.57 0 -5.24 6.28 ⎥
k1 ≔ k_local ((α1 , E , A1 , I1 , L1)) = ⎢
⎢ -15087.15 0 0 15087.15 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 -2.91 -5.24 0 2.91 -5.24 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 5.24 6.28 0 -5.24 12.57 ⎥⎦

K2: Rigidez local de las barras 2

K2: Rigidez local de las barras 2

L2 ≔ 3.6 b2 ≔ 0.5 h2 ≔ 0.5 A2 ≔ b2 ⋅ h2

h2 3
I2 ≔ b2 ⋅ ――
α2 ≔ a ((ν , L2 , h2)) = 0.053 12

⎡ 143321.31 0 0 -143321.31 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 2764.69 4976.43 0 -2764.69 4976.43 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 4976.43 12102.41 0 -4976.43 5812.75 ⎥
k2 ≔ k_local ((α2 , E , A2 , I2 , L2)) = ⎢
⎢ -143321.31 0 0 143321.31 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 -2764.69 -4976.43 0 2764.69 -4976.43 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 4976.43 5812.75 0 -4976.43 12102.41 ⎥⎦

K3: Rigidez local de las barras 3

L3 ≔ 3.6 b3 ≔ 0.5 h3 ≔ 0.5 A3 ≔ b3 ⋅ h3

h3 3
I3 ≔ b3 ⋅ ――
α3 ≔ 0 12

⎡ 150951.84 0 0 -150951.84 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 2911.88 5241.38 0 -2911.88 5241.38 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 5241.38 12579.32 0 -5241.38 6289.66 ⎥
k3 ≔ k_local ((α3 , E , A3 , I3 , L3)) = ⎢
⎢ -150951.84 0 0 150951.84 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 -2911.88 -5241.38 0 2911.88 -5241.38 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 5241.38 6289.66 0 -5241.38 12579.32 ⎥⎦

K4: Rigidez local de las barras 4

L4 ≔ 3.6 b4 ≔ 0.5 h4 ≔ 0.5 A4 ≔ b4 ⋅ h4

h4 3
I4 ≔ b4 ⋅ ――
α4 ≔ 0 12

⎡ 150951.84 0 0 -150951.84 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 2911.88 5241.38 0 -2911.88 5241.38 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 5241.38 12579.32 0 -5241.38 6289.66 ⎥
k4 ≔ k_local ((α4 , E , A4 , I4 , L4)) = ⎢
⎢ -150951.84 0 0 150951.84 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 -2911.88 -5241.38 0 2911.88 -5241.38 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 5241.38 6289.66 0 -5241.38 12579.32 ⎥⎦

K5: Rigidez local de las barras 5

L5 ≔ 3.5 b5 ≔ 0.5 h5 ≔ 0.5 A5 ≔ b5 ⋅ h5

 L5 ≔ 3.5 b5 ≔ 0.5 h5 ≔ 0.5 A5 ≔ b5 ⋅ h5
h5 3
I5 ≔ b5 ⋅ ――
α5 ≔ 0 12

⎡ 155264.75 0 0 -155264.75 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 3168.67 5545.17 0 -3168.67 5545.17 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 5545.17 12938.73 0 -5545.17 6469.36 ⎥
k5 ≔ k_local ((α5 , E , A5 , I5 , L5)) = ⎢
⎢ -155264.75 0 0 155264.75 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 -3168.67 -5545.17 0 3168.67 -5545.17 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 5545.17 6469.36 0 -5545.17 12938.73 ⎥⎦

K6: Rigidez local de las barras 6

L6 ≔ 6.31 b6 ≔ .3 h6 ≔ .65 A6 ≔ b6 ⋅ h6
h6 3
I6 ≔ b6 ⋅ ――
α6 ≔ 0 12

⎡ 67174.77 0 0 -67174.77 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 712.81 2248.92 0 -712.81 2248.92 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 2248.92 9460.45 0 -2248.92 4730.22 ⎥
k6 ≔ k_local ((α6 , E , A6 , I6 , L6)) = ⎢
⎢ -67174.77 0 0 67174.77 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 -712.81 -2248.92 0 712.81 -2248.92 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 2248.92 4730.22 0 -2248.92 9460.45 ⎥⎦

K7: Rigidez local de las barras 7

L7 ≔ 7.38 b7 ≔ .3 h7 ≔ .65 A7 ≔ b7 ⋅ h7
h7 3
I7 ≔ b7 ⋅ ――
α7 ≔ 0 12

⎡ 57435.33 0 0 -57435.33 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 445.55 1644.07 0 -445.55 1644.07 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 1644.07 8088.81 0 -1644.07 4044.4 ⎥
k7 ≔ k_local ((α7 , E , A7 , I7 , L7)) = ⎢
⎢ -57435.33 0 0 57435.33 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 -445.55 -1644.07 0 445.55 -1644.07 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 1644.07 4044.4 0 -1644.07 8088.81 ⎥⎦

K8: Rigidez local de las barras 8

L8 ≔ 7.09 b8 ≔ .3 h8 ≔ .65 A8 ≔ b8 ⋅ h8
h8 3
I8 ≔ b8 ⋅ ――
α8 ≔ 0 12
 h8 3
I8 ≔ b8 ⋅ ――
α8 ≔ 0 12

⎡ 59784.59 0 0 -59784.59 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 502.49 1781.31 0 -502.49 1781.31 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 1781.31 8419.66 0 -1781.31 4209.83 ⎥
k8 ≔ k_local ((α8 , E , A8 , I8 , L8)) = ⎢
⎢ -59784.59 0 0 59784.59 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 -502.49 -1781.31 0 502.49 -1781.31 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 1781.31 4209.83 0 -1781.31 8419.66 ⎥⎦

K9: Rigidez local de las barras 9

L9 ≔ 6.58 b9 ≔ .30 h9 ≔ .65 A9 ≔ b9 ⋅ h9

h9 3
I9 ≔ b9 ⋅ ――
α9 ≔ 0 12

⎡ 64418.35 0 0 -64418.35 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 628.61 2068.14 0 -628.61 2068.14 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 2068.14 9072.25 0 -2068.14 4536.13 ⎥
k9 ≔ k_local ((α9 , E , A9 , I9 , L9)) = ⎢
⎢ -64418.35 0 0 64418.35 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 -628.61 -2068.14 0 628.61 -2068.14 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 2068.14 4536.13 0 -2068.14 9072.25 ⎥⎦

Rotación de ejes locales

Una vez definidas las matrices de rigidez local, se rotan los gdl locales (1,2,3,4,5,6) de las barras
para convertirlas a GDL globales (X1, Y1, ZZ1, X2, Y2, ZZ2)

⎡ cos ((θ)) sin ((θ)) 0 0 0 0⎤

⎢ -sin ((θ)) cos ((θ)) 0 0 0 0⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 1 0 0 0⎥
rot ((θ)) ≔ ⎢
⎢ 0 0 0 cos ((θ)) sin ((θ)) 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 -sin ((θ)) cos ((θ)) 0 ⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 0 0 0 1 ⎥⎦

Para las barras verticales: Para las barras horizontales:

⎡ 0 1 0 0 0 0⎤ ⎡1 0 0 0 0 0⎤
⎢ -1 0 0 0 0 0⎥ ⎢0 1 0 0 0 0⎥
⎛π⎞ ⎢ 0 0 1 0 0
⎥
0⎥
⎢
0 0 1 0 0
⎥
0⎥
rot_v ≔ rot ⎜―⎟ = ⎢ rot_h ≔ rot ((0)) = ⎢
⎝2⎠ ⎢ 0 0 0 0 1 0⎥ ⎢0 0 0 1 0 0⎥
 ⎡ 0 1 0 0 0 0⎤ ⎡1 0 0 0 0 0⎤
⎢ -1 0 0 0 0 0⎥ ⎢0 1 0 0 0 0⎥
⎛π⎞ ⎢ 0 0 1 0 0 0⎥
⎥ ⎢
0 0 1 0 0 0⎥
⎥
rot_v ≔ rot ⎜―⎟ = ⎢ rot_h ≔ rot ((0)) = ⎢
⎝2⎠ ⎢ 0 0 0 0 1 0⎥ ⎢0 0 0 1 0 0⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 -1 0 0⎥ ⎢0 0 0 0 1 0⎥
⎢⎣ 0 0 0 0 0 1 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ 0 0 0 0 0 1 ⎥⎦

Por lo tanto, luego de rotar los gdl a GDL se tiene:

⎡ 2.91 0 -5.239 -2.91 0 -5.239 ⎤

⎢ 0 15087.152 0 0 -15087.152 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
-5.239 0 12.574 5.239 0 6.285 ⎥
K1 ≔ rot_v T ⋅ k1 ⋅ rot_v = ⎢
⎢ -2.91 0 5.239 2.91 0 5.239 ⎥
⎢ 0 -15087.152 0 0 15087.152 0 ⎥
⎢⎣ -5.239 0 6.285 5.239 0 12.574 ⎥⎦

Matriz de rigidez lateral del pórtico

Para obtener la matriz de rigidez del pórtico en global se superponen las matrices locales el las
filas y columnas correspondientes:
⎡ 76505.46 0 -6472.16 -62105.9 0 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 226394.23 1419.56 0 -811.18 1419.56 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ -6472.16 1419.56 53556.31 0 -1419.56 1656.16 0 ⎥
⎢ -62105.9 0 0 125051.12 0 -431.06 -62105.9 ⎥
⎢ 0 -811.18 -1419.56 0 134285.28 0 0 ⎥
K_port1 ≔ ⎢ 0 1419.56 1656.16 -431.06 0 9388.44 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 -62105.9 0 0 125051.12
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 -811.18 -1419.56 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 1419.56 1656.16 -431.06 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 0 -62105.9 ⎥
⎢ ⋱ ⎥⎦
La matriz K_port1
⎣ es una de 72x72 porque esa es la cantidad de GDL globales. Para poder
condensar esta matriz a una de solo 4 GDL (laterales) se aplicará el método de flexibilidad. Para
ello es necesario aplicar una matriz de cargas nodales de 72x4 en el cual habrá un valor unitario
en los GDL laterales. En cada columna solo habrá un valor de 1:

⎡0 0 ⎤ ⎡ 1.8589 ⋅ 10 -4 2.821 ⋅ 10 -4 3.1506 ⋅ 10 -4 3.27 ⋅ 10 -4 ⎤

⎢ ⎥
⎢0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 1.2376 ⋅ 10
-6
3.0636 ⋅ 10 -6 5.2211 ⋅ 10 -6 7.4045 ⋅ 10 -6 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ -4.921 ⋅ 10 -5 -9.1637 ⋅ 10 -5 -1.1079 ⋅ 10 -4 -1.1776 ⋅ 10 ⎥-4

⎢0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 1.9178 ⋅ 10 -4
⎢
2.8533 ⋅ 10 -4 3.177 ⋅ 10 -4 3.3013 ⋅ 10 -4 ⎥
⎥
Q_con ≔ ⎢0 0 ⎥ D_con ≔ K_port1 -1 ⋅ Q_con = ⎢ -1.1685 ⋅ 10
-6
-2.7276 ⋅ 10 -6 -4.5472 ⋅ 10 -6 -6.4494 ⋅ 10 -6 ⎥
⎢0 0 ⎥ ⎢ -5.8704 ⋅ 10 -6 -1.3098 ⋅ 10 -5 -1.7487 ⋅ 10 -5 -1.9577 ⋅ 10 -5 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 1.9757 ⋅ 10
-4
2.8754 ⋅ 10 -4 3.1876 ⋅ 10 -4 3.3147 ⋅ 10 -4 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ -2.3896 ⋅ 10 -8 -7.0994 ⋅ 10 -8 -1.8599 ⋅ 10 -7 -2.7628 ⋅ 10 ⎥-7
0 0
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ -1.3548 ⋅ 10 -5 -2.7153 ⋅ 10 -5 -3.3234 ⋅ 10 -5 -3.555 ⋅ 10 -5 ⎥
⎣ ⋱⎦ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⋮ ⎦

Luego, se extraen los desplazamientos correspondientes a los GDL laterales; luego se arma la
matriz de flexibilidad. Finalmente, se invierte esta matriz de flexibilidad y se obtiene la matriz de
rigidez lateral

⎡ 16685.68 -11976.41 2968.93 -264.87 ⎤

⎢ -11976.41 19490.05 -12239.45 2458.57 ⎥
KL_port1 ≔ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2968.93 -12239.45 16682.81 -7171.12 ⎥
⎣ -264.87 2458.57 -7171.12 4893.59 ⎦