MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

INSTITUTO TECNICO PANASYSTEM’S

ENGLISH 10th grade MODULE

PARTICIPANT:

___________________________________________

ID#
_________________

Level:
_______________

Shift:
________________

Mobile phone number:

______________________
E-mail:
_________________________________

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 República de Panamá

Ministerio de Educación

Instituto Técnico Pana System´s

Asignatura:INGLÉS 10 TH.

Grupo: _________Grado

Centro Educativo: ________________________

Yo, ____________________________, con cédula de Identidad Personal

número__________________, participante del Sistema Educativo de Jóvenes y Adultos perteneciente
al nivel _________, me comprometo a cumplir con los siguientes aspectos referentes a la
asignatura:______________________.

A. Disciplina
 Cumplir con todas las normas establecidas en el Acta de compromiso al momento de ingresar
como participante del Centro Educativo

B. Asistencia
 Llegar temprano y asistir puntualmente a clase.
 De no asistir a clase por un impedimento de fuerza mayor o caso fortuito, deberá recuperar su
clase en transcurso de la semana y entregar una excusa por escrito por parte de la empresa
en caso de que labore, o un certificado médico donde detalle el motivo de la inasistencia, de lo
contrario se le imputará una ausencia.
 Si no asiste a la realización de pruebas escritas (ejercicios), deberá igualmente entregar una
excusa o certificado médico y es obligación realizar dichas pruebas los días siguientes a su
asistencia independientemente que no tenga clases esos días, es responsabilidad del
estudiante buscar al facilitador para hacer la prueba

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  De no presentar excusa no tendrá derecho a realizar la prueba.
Evaluación:

 Si el participante no entrega sus trabajos a tiempo, no realiza sus pruebas (ejercicios) en la

fecha señalada, tendrá como nota 1 (Uno), salvo si entrega excusa por parte de la empresa en
caso de que labore, o un certificado médico.

La evaluación será de la siguiente manera

EVALUACIÓN:

1. Trabajo individual
2. Trabajo en grupo
3. Pruebas parciales
4. Examen o Trabajo Final
5. Autoevaluación
6. Coevaluación
7. Heteroevaluación

Autoevaluación: Diez por ciento (10%) de la calificación trimestral. Se tomarán en cuenta los
siguientes aspectos

 Contribución a la generación de un clima de armonía.

 Respeto a sus compañeros en las prácticas de trabajo
 Cumplimiento de las reglas básicas en el aula de clases.

Coevaluación: Diez por ciento (10%) de la calificación trimestral. Se tomarán en cuenta los siguientes
aspectos

 Contribución a la generación de un clima de armonía.

 Respeto a sus compañeros en las prácticas de trabajo
 Cumplimiento de las reglas básicas en el aula de clases.

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DEAR PARTICIPANT:

I hope this module will be helpful in reinforcing your learning

process ;which is the most important step in your professional
development.

Please work hard, but must of all work by yourself in the different
activities presented in this module, and keep this in your mind.
English is the key to open the success´s door.

Now let’s get ready to work and learn.

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GENERAL OBJECTIVE:

Develop pragmatic and communicative competencies to learn and understand

English as a second language, in order to be confident and able to become an
assertive decisions taker.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE

Integrate and develop listening, speaking, reading and writing skills to express
ideas, opinions and describe personal affairs.

Be aware of the importance of the English language for personal success.

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 Portfolio Assessment Rubric
Name :____________________________ ID #: ________________ Date: ____________

Assessment Period Class ______________________________________________________

criteria 1 2 3 4
beginning developing competent accomplished
completeness
accuracy
neatness
creativity
Grammar
structure
punctuality
Areas in which you need improvement:

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

Areas in which you have improved:

___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

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 Content
Introduction

Objectives

Rubrics for evaluation

 English Alphabet

Verb To Be (Present

Numbers

 Days and Months

Telling the Date

Ask and Give Directions

Telling the Time

Subject Pronouns

 Indefinite Articles

Possessive Adjectives

Singular and Plural

There Is & There Are

This That These Those

WH Questions

 How Much & How Many

Nouns

 Prepositions

Eating disorders

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 ENGLISH ALPHABET

Practice

From the Word TRANSPORTATION we are going to write as many words

as possible. See the example : train,sport

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (TO BE)

Positive Form Question Form Negative Form Negative Question

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 Am I not smart?
I am smart. Am I smart? I am not smart.
Am I smart?

Are you not smart?

You are smart. Are you smart? You are not/aren't smart.
Aren't you smart?

Is he not smart?
He is smart. Is he smart? He is not/isn't smart.
Isn't he smart?

Is she not smart?

She is smart. Is she smart? She is not/isn't smart.
Isn't she smart?

Is it not smart?
It is smart. Is it smart? It is not/isn't smart.
Isn't it smart?

Are we not smart?

We are smart. Are we smart? We are not/aren't smart.
Aren't we smart?

Are you not smart?

You are smart. Are you smart? You are not/aren't smart.
Aren't you smart?

Are they not smart?

They are smart. Are they smart? They are not/aren't smart.
Aren't they smart?

Ahora practiquemos usando el verbo to be en oraciones afirmativas

negativas e interrogativas

(Capitalize where needed) 

Fill in the blanks with am, is, are.(capitalize where needed

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1. Tom____ a carpenter.
2. Terry and Linda_____ from Armenia.
3. Jack_____ a famous movie star.
4. Derek and Peter_____ police officers?
5. BMW ______an expensive car brand.
6. Alan's friends_____ doctors.
7. We____ at home.
8. I___ a diligent student.
9. They_____ my friend's cousins.
10. Mr Jackson____- a pianist.
11. Daniel and Ryan______ mechanical engineers.
12. _____they soldiers?
13. His shoes______ new.
14. _____You the boss?
15. _______ Judy beautiful?

Cardinal Numbers

1………………one 11………………eleven 21………………twenty one

2………………two 12………………twelve 23………………twenty two
3………………three 13………………thirteen 23………………twenty three
4………………four 14………………fourteen 24………………twenty four
5………………five 15………………fifteen 25………………twenty five
6………………six 16………………sixteen 26………………twenty six
7………………seven17………………seventeen 27………………twenty seven
8………………eight 18………………eighteen 28………………twenty eight
9………………nine 19………………nineteen 29………………twenty nine
10………………ten 20………………twenty 30………………thirty

10.....ten 60.....sixty 1000.....a thousand

20.....twenty 70.....seventy
30.....thirty 80.....eighty
40.....forty 90.....ninety
50.....fifty 100.....a hundred

Ordinal Numbers

1st………………first12th………………twelfth 30th………thirtieth
2nd………………second 13th………………thirteenth 40th………fortieth
3rd………………third 14th………………fourteenth 50th………fiftieth

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4th………………fourth 15th………………fifteenth 60th………sixtieth
5th………………fifth 16th………………sixteenth 70th………seventieth
6th………………sixth 17th………………seventeenth 80th………eightieth
7th………………seventh 18th………………eighteenth 90th………ninetieth
8th………………eighth 19th………………nineteenth 100th………hundredth
9th………………ninth 20th………………twentieth
10th………………tenth 21st………………twenty-first
11th………………eleventh 22nd………………twenty-second

Directions

Did You Know?

1. The name July comes from the ancient Roman general Gaius Julius
Caesar.
2. Also August was named in honor of the first Emperor of Ancient Rome
Octavian Augustus.

Seasons

Spring
Summer
Fall in American English / Autumn in British English
Winter

January is the first month of the year.

February is the second month of the year. 
March is the third month of the year. 
April is the fourth month of the year. 
May is the fifth month of the year. 

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June is the sixth month of the year. 
July is the seventh month of the year. 
August is the eighth month of the year. 
September is the ninth month of the year. 
October is the tenth month of the year. 
November is the eleventh month of the year. 
December is the twelfth month of the year. 

Telling the Date

In American English

If you want to be formal, you write the month and the day, and then you add the year in
numerical format.
For example: May the twentieth, 1981
A less formal way of writing the date is writing only the month and then adding the day and
the year in numerical format.

For example: May 20th, 1981

The least formal way of writing the date is using all numerical formats.

05/20/1981

Note: you can use a dot (.) or a hyphen (-) instead of a slash (/).

For example: 05.20.1981 or 05-20-1981

Excercise

1. 05/20/1981
May the twentieth, 1981
2. 05/22/1986
May the twenty-second, 1986
3. 09/23/2012
________________________________________________________
4. 10/01/1995
________________________________________________________
5. 01.02.2002
________________________________________________________
6. 03/10/1970
________________________________________________________
7. 06/16/2010
________________________________________________________

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8. 11/15/2014
________________________________________________________
9. 12/24/2000
________________________________________________________
10. 02/17/2020
________________________________________________________

Ask and Give Directions

1.
Excuse me. Can you tell me where the pharmacy is?
It is on First Street. Walk down the first street and you will see the pharmacy
on the right, next to the gas station.
Thank you.
2.
Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the Public Library from here?
Sure. Walk up Bright Street and you'll see the public library' on the left,
across from the Laundromat.
Thanks a lot.
3.
Excuse me. Would you please tell me how to get to the hospital from here?
Certainly. Drive along First Avenue to Maple Street and turn right. Drive up
Maple Street and you will see the hospital on the left, between the museum
and the park.
Thanks.
4.
Excuse me. What is the easiest way to get to the Grand hotel?
Take the Park Street bus and get off at second Avenue. Walk down Second
Avenue and you'll see the Grand Hotel on the left.
Thank you very much.
You're welcome.

Give the correct address the following places. In West Panama

Muquita Sanchez Stadium

Police station
Fire station
Instituto Tecnico Panasystem’s

Mc Donald’s
Telling the Time

WHAT TIME IS IT?

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Write the time correctly using words

04:30_________________________________________________________

07:00_________________________________________________________

09:15________________________________________________________

01:45_________________________________________________________

03:10__________________________________________________________

03:50__________________________________________________________

05:40___________________________________________________________

Write the time correctly using numbers( escribe el tiempo

correctamente usa numeros)
10:20 It is half past four.

It is seven o'clock.________________________

It is a quarter past nine._____________________

It is a quarter to two._______________________

It is ten past three._________________________

It is ten to four.___________________________

It is twenty to six._________________________

It is twenty past 10._______________________

It is four thirty___________________________

It is seven o'clock.________________________

It is nine fifteen__________________________

It is one forty five________________________

It is three ten. ___________________________

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It is three fifty.__________________________

It is five forty___________________________

It is ten twenty .__________________________

AM vs PM

When 12 hour time is used we sometimes add am or pm to the time to distinguish the first half
of the day from the second half.

AM: Is from midnight to noon (Midnight...Morning...11:59 am)

PM: Is from noon to midnight (Noon...Evening...11:59 pm)

NOTE:

12:00 pm is noon
12:00 am is midnight

Subject Pronouns
Subject Pronouns For Beginners:

Singular Plural

I
You We
He You
She They
It

Examples:

a. Tony and Timothy are basketball players.

They are basketball players.

b. Miss White is very clever.

She is very clever.

c. Richie is an English teacher.

He is an English teacher.

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d. Lion is the king of the jungles.
It is the king of the jungle.

Exercise:
Use the appropriate subject pronouns to rewrite the following sentences.

1. Mrs. Chart is very beautiful.

She is very beautiful
2. Dr. Phil is a famous person.
He is a famous person
3. Fred and Barbie are good friends.
____________________________________________.
4. Is James good at basketball?
___________________________________________?
5. Maria plays tennis.
___________________________________________
6. Andy and I are cousins.
___________________________________________
.7. Wendy and Robin are good at math.
___________________________________________
8. Mount Everest is very high.
___________________________________________
9. Mrs. Rosalba has 23 students.
___________________________________________
10. Is the TV too loud?
___________________________________________?
11. How are Jessie and James?
___________________________________________
12. The weather is very hot today.
___________________________________________
13. Bruce, Arnold and I are good friends.
___________________________________________
14. Are you and Mr. Parker related?
___________________________________________
15. The cat looks very friendly.
___________________________________________

Indefinite Articles
Use 'A' before a word which begins with a consonant sound.
a man,a car,a fish, a house
Use 'AN' before a word which begins with a vowel sound
an umbrella ,an elephant ,an actor ,an emergency

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Attention: Note that the pronunciation is what matters when choosing between a & an.

Examples:
an honor (h is silent)
an hour

a university (a before the 'y' sound)

a unit
Exercise: Fill in the blanks with A or An.

1. Ronaldo is a famous football player.

2. Jessica is___ hardworking student.
3. Is Dr. Phil____ smart man?
4. A tiger is_____ animal.
5. Is that_____ old book?
6. Is tea_____ beneficial drink?
7. Mustang is _____ American brand.
8. This is______ eraser.
9. New York Times is____ popular news company.
10. Derek is ____ fisherman.
11. It's_____ honor to meet you.
12. Angelina Jolie is_____ actress.
13. America is_____ big continent.
14. Bart Simpson is_____ child.
15. Superman is_______ hero.

Possessive Adjectives
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Examples:
a. It is Michael’s dictionary.
It is his dictionary.
b. They are Rafi and Cynthia's children.
They are their children.
c. Isn't John's motorcycle in the backyard?
Isn't his motorcycle in the backyard?

See Possessive Adjectives vs Possessive Pronouns Exercise

Exercise: Rewrite the sentences using possessive adjectives.

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 1. The first one is Brian's coat.
The first one is his coat.
2. Gary is Linda's brother.
Gary is her brother.
3. The big one is Alan's and my room.
It is_____ room.
4. Those are the girls' tables.
Those are______ tables.
5. That is Henry's book.
That is______ book.
6. They are Mimi's and my shoes.
They are______ shoes.
7. My brother's wife is an engineer.
_____ wife is an engineer.
8. Kathie's children are very clever.
______children are very clever.
9. Is that Lori's computer?
Is that_____ computer?
10. Barbara's room is very tidy.
_____ room is very tidy.
11. Are they your mother's students?
Are they______ students?
12. That is Ben's toy.
That is______ toy.
13. Are those Sara's and Betty's cars?
Are those______ cars?
14. Is this your father's house?
Is this ______ house?
15. The park is the government's property.
The park is______ property.

Forming Plurals Table( tabla para formar plurals)

Forming Plurals Singular Plural

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 camera cameras
a. Most nouns take S at the end of their singular forms.
lesson lessons
potato potatoes
b. If the noun ends in S, Z, CH, SH, O, SS, or X, we add ES. pass passes
tax taxes
radio radios
* EXCEPTIONS.
photo photos
knife knives
wife wives
c. If the noun ends in F or Fe, change F or FE to V, and add - ES.
thief thieves
shelf shelves
fly flies
d. If the noun ends in Y preceded by a consonant, change Y to I; baby babies
and add -ES(ies) country countries
city cities
child children
foot feet
e. Some nouns have irregular plural forms tooth teeth
man men
sheep sheep

Non-Singular/Plural Form Nouns

Singular Plural No Singular Form No Plural Form

pencil pencils cattle news
car cars trousers information
city cities scissors measles
woman women pliers furniture
book books police baggage
dictionary dictionaries glasses advice
lesson lessons pants knowledge
foot feet shorts rubbish

Singular/Plural of "Verb TO BE"

a. A library is a useful building.

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Libraries are useful buildings.

b. She is a clever girl.

They are clever girls.

c. Is it a new shelf?
Are they new shelves?

d. Are these boys hungry?

Is this boy hungry?

e. He isn't a worker.
They aren't workers.

Forming Plurals

Most of the nouns are made plural by adding an 's':

pen - pens
pencil - pencils
book - books
file - files

Nouns ending with s, ss, z, zz, x, ch, sh, are made plural by adding "es" to
the singular form:
wish - wishes
watch - watches
fox - foxes
bus - buses
If a noun's singular form ends with a consonant plus y, you must change the
y to I and then add "es":

baby - babies
candy - candies
sky - skies
spy - spies

Attention: Proper nouns are exceptions to the rule.

the Wendys (not Wendies)
the Kennedys (not Kennedies)

Some Irregular Plural Forms:

man - men
woman - women
foot - feet

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tooth - teeth
child - children
medium- media

Attention: A singular subject takes a singular verb, and a plural subject

takes a plural verb. Therefore:

The media are presenting the story inaccurately.

Women are usually more sensitive than men.

EXERCISE
Write the plural nouns ( escribe el plural de los sustantivos)

1. bird ______________________

2. girl ______________________

3. house ____________________

4. tomato ___________________

5. fox _____________________

6. dress ____________________

7. child ____________________

8. woman___________________

9. country __________________

10. building_________________

Subject verb agreement

Three Groups of Prepositions:
a. Prepositions of place, position and direction.
b. Prepositions of time.
c. Prepositions for other relationships.

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 SOME COMMON PREPOSITIONS

PLACE POSITION DIRECTION TIME OTHER

on
above beyond
opposite
across by after except
out (of)
along down before as
outside
among from at like
over
at in by about
around
away from in front of for with
through
behind inside during without
to
below into from by
towards
beside near in for
under
between off
up

Although prepositions are hard to generalize with separate rules, there is one simple
rule about them. And, unlike most rules, this rule has no exceptions. 

Rule: 
They are always followed by a "noun", never followed by a verb.
By "noun" we include:

Noun (dog, money, love) 

 Proper Noun (name) (London, Mary) 

 Pronoun (you, him, us)
 Noun Group (my first car)
 Gerund (swimming)

If we want to follow with a verb, we must use the "-ing" form which is really a gerund
or verb in noun form. 

Subject + Verb Preposition "noun"

The pen is on the table.

He lives in England.

Henry is looking for you.

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The newspaper is under your green book.

Pascal is used to English people.

She isn't used to working.

We ate before coming.

Prepositions of Time / Place at, in, on

at for a precise time 

 in for months, years, centuries and long periods 

 on for days and dates

At In On

At 4:30 pm in March on Monday

At 3 o'clock In Winter On 6 March

At noon In the summer On 22 Dec.2012

At dinnertime In 1990 On Christmas Day

At bedtime In the next century On your birthday

At the moment In the future On New Year's Eve

Notice that use of the prepositions of time in and on in these common expressions:

In the morning /On Monday morning

 In the mornings / On Sunday mornings

 In the afternoon(s) / On Sunday afternoons
 In the evening(s) / On Friday evenings
When we say next, last, this, every we do not use at, in, on. 

I went to New York last June (not in last June)

She is coming back next Monday. (not on next Monday)
I go home every Easter . (not at every Easter) 
We'll call you this afternoon. (not in this afternoon) 
Place: at, in, on

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in general: 
at for a point (dog, money, love) 

 in for an enclosed space 

 on for a surface 

At In On

At the bus stop In London On the wall

At the corner In the garden On the ceiling

At the entrance In a box On the floor

At the crossroads In a building On the carpet

At the top of the page In a car On a page

Some other common uses of at / on / in 

At In On

At home In a car On a bus

At work In a taxi On a train

At school In a helicopter On a plane

At university In an elevator On a bicycle

At the top In the sky On the radio

At the bottom In the street On the left

At the side In a row On a horse

At reception In a boat On a boat

Notice how we can use on a boat or in a boat depending on the type and the size of
the particular boat/ship. 

More Prepositions
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 Prepositions use Example

during the movie, during the flight,

during while in
during my stay

for for two days, for an hour

from / to from Saturday to Monday, from 5 to 9

the time period from one between 1986 and 2012, between
between
to another Saturday and Monday

until/till before a certain time until/till Sunday,5 o'clock

by Tuesday, by next month, by

by at the least
tomorrow

to movement towards to school, to work, to the station

movement towards inside

into into the cinema, into the car
something

out of to leave a place/a thing out of the theater, out of the car

by near/next to/beside LINK stand by me, by the lake

through through the tunnel, through the room

across opposite ends across the river, across the street

against against the wall, against the door

movement towards inside

into into the cinema, into the car
something

Singular/Plural of "Verb TO BE"

a. A library is a useful building.

Libraries are useful buildings.

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b. She is a clever girl.
They are clever girls.

c. Is it a new shelf?
Are they new shelves?

d. Are these boys hungry?

Is this boy hungry?

e. He isn't a worker.
They aren't workers.

Quick Exercise

Change the following sentences from singular to plural or from plural to

singular as in the examples.

1. She is a beautiful lady.

They are beautiful ladies
2. A book is a good friend.
Books are good friends
3. A small car is a great vehicle.
________________________________________________

4. She is a smart girl.

________________________________________________

5. It is an old church.
_____________________________________________________
6. Is this man a worker?
_____________________________________________________
7. Is he a nice character?
_________________________________________________________
8. These pants belong to those women.
_________________________________________________________
9. Are the students in the classroom?
___________________________________________________________
10. These glasses aren't for those women.
___________________________________________________________
11. Are the bottles on the table?
___________________________________________________________
12. The brush is under the chair.
___________________________________________________________
13. I am not a famous woman.
___________________________________________________________
14. The pencils aren't in the boxes.
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___________________________________________________________
15. I like those barbies.

There Is & There Are

We use there is with singular nouns

We use there are with plural nouns

a. There is a spider on the table.

b. There is a guest at the lobby.
c. There is a book in the box.
d. There is a hospital in Berkeley.

e. There are some people outside.

f. There are candies in the basket.
g. There are some exercises below.
h. There are animals in the jungle.

Affirmative Negative Question Negative Question

Form Form Form Form

THERE ISN'T
THERE IS IS THERE? ISN'T THERE?
THERE
THERE ARE ARE THERE AREN'T THERE?
AREN'T

A. Fill in the blanks with there is or there are.

1. _______________ four weeks in a month.

2. _______________ a mailbox downstairs.
3. _______________an English book in my backpack.
4. ________________ teachers in the classroom.
5._________________ one bedroom upstairs.
6._________________ clouds in the sky.
7. _________________ some mistakes in your calculations.
8.__________________ two lectures before the final.

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 B. Convert from one form to another as in the following examples.

a. There is milk in the bottle. (-)

There isn't milk in the bottle.

b. There are dishes in the kitchen. (?)

Are there dishes in the kitchen?

c. Is there a pool in the garden'? (+)

There is a pool in the garden.
9. Isn't there a couch near the outlet? (-)
______________________________________________________________
There isn't a couch near the outlet
______________________________________________________________
10. There aren't knives on the table. (+)
_______________________________________________________________
11. There is a tray on the floor. (?)
_______________________________________________________________
12. There is a kite in the sky. (-)
_______________________________________________________________
13. Are there workers in the office? (+)
_______________________________________________________________
14. There isn't a sink near the tub. (-?)
_______________________________________________________________
15. There are eggs in the basket. (-?)
_______________________________________________________________

Look at the chart below 

Near Us At a Distance

Singular This That

Plural These Those

Examples:

a. This book is in my hand.

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 b. That book is over there on the desk.
c. These coins are in my hand.
d. Those coins are over there on TV set.

Convert from singular form to plural or plural to singular as in the

examples below.

a. This exercise is easy.

These exercises are easy.

b. Those socks are Sara's.

That sock is Sara's.

c. These flowers are on the floor.

That flower is on the floor.

Convert from singular form to plural or plural to singular as in the examples

below.

a. This exercise is easy.

These exercises are easy.

b. Those socks are Sara's.

That sock is Sara's.

c. These flowers are on the floor.

That flower is on the floor.

1. Is this bed comfortable?

Are these beds comfortable?

2. Is that Eleni's English book?

___________________________________________________
3. These are not my toys.
__________________________________________________________
4. These boxes are Ana's.
__________________________________________________________
5. Is that jacket Roy's?
__________________________________________________________
6. Are these dictionaries Andre's?
________________________________________________________
7. Those are mine.
___________________________________________________________
8. This building is very old.
___________________________________________________________
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9. This is a good exercise.
___________________________________________________________
10. These are the old dresses.

. WH Questions
a. What is your name? My name is Sam.
b. Who is your class teacher? Our class teacher is Alan.
c. Which is your desk? The second one.
d. Who are those people? They are my friends.
e. Who is Jennifer? Jennifer is a singer.
f. Which book is cheaper? This one is cheaper.
g. Where is Dave? Dave is at school.
h. Where is the key? The key is under the carpet.
i. What is today? It is Saturday.

Complete the following questions with appropriate question words.

1. Who is your math teacher? Mr. Dundee.

2._____________ is his cat? The blue one.

3._____________ is my backpack? In the living room.

4.______________ is Hannah doing? She is watching TV.

5. _______________ is an engineer? Nora.

6. ________________ color is the new bus? Red.

7. _____________ is that? That is an old coin.

8.______________ are my shoes? In front of the door.

9. _______________ is the the captain of the team? Julia.

10. ______________ is the captain? She is at the gym.

11._______________ is Mr. Durant? He is my best friend.

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How Much & How Many

How many books?

HOW MANY? countable plural nouns How many chairs?
How many ideas?

How much time?

HOW MUCH? uncountable nouns How much sugar?
How much water?

Examples
a. How many bananas are there in the basket?
b. How many days are there in a year?
c. How much ink is there in the pen?
d. How much honey is there in the tin?

Ask questions for the following statements using how much or how many.

1. There is some bread in the basket. (how much)

___________________________________________

How much bread is there in the basket

__________________________________________

2. We have got five kilos of cherries. (how many)

___________________________________________?

How many kilos of cherries have you got

____________________________________________

3. Bill has got three bottles of fruit juice in the fridge. (how many)

________________________________________________________?

How many bottles of juice has Bill got in the fridge

__________________________________________________________

4. Andrew has got two pockets on his jacket. (how many)

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__________________________________________________________?

5. There are forty teachers in the teachers’ room. (how many)

___________________________________________________________?

6. There is little ink in the big bottle. (how much)

__________________________________________________________?

7. There is a little oil in the small bottle. (how much)

__________________________________________________________?

8. Mary has got four pairs of shoes. (how many)

_________________________________________________________?

9. Helen has got a little sugar in her coffee. (how much)

________________________________________________________?

10. There are seven days in a week. (how many)

________________________________________________________?

11. There are four seasons in a year. (how many)

________________________________________________________?

12. There is a lot of tea in the teapot. (how much)

_______________________________________________________?

13. There is a little tea in Susan's glass. (how much)

_______________________________________________________?

14. There are fifty girls at the party. (how many)

________________________________________________________?

15. They have got two cars. (how many)

____________________________________________________________?

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 Nouns
Nouns are divided into two groups.

Countable Nouns
Countable nouns are also called count nouns.
Countable : The toys are in the box.

Some Countable Nouns:

idea worker bear

mistake teacher bottle
city star room
car sister coin

Examples:

He has got a lot of books.

There aren't many cars outside.

Uncountable Nouns
Uncountable nouns are called mass nouns.
Uncountable : The water is cold.

Some Uncountable Nouns:

water sand hair

ice butter soap
juice information time
rice science money

Examples:

There is little meat in the kitchen.

We haven't got much time.
Adam loves science.
Ali doesn't like milk.

Quantifiers that are used with countable and uncountable nouns.

With Countable With Uncountable Both With Countable and

34
Nouns Nouns Uncountable

many
some
a great number of much
any
a large number of (a) little
a lot of
a great many a great deal of
lots of
(a)few a great amount of
plenty of
a number of

Hints:

A few is more than few and a little is more than little.

He has little money. I have a little money(I have more money)

Tim has few friends. I have a few friends. (I have more friends)

Some terms used with uncountable nouns:

a cup of coffee two slices of bread

a box of tea three pieces of chalk
a loaf of bread three loaves of bread
a piece of chalk two bottles of perfume
a slice of bread five boxes of tea
a bottle of perfume two cups of coffee
a dish of fresh fruit two dishes of fresh fruit
a pound of cheese a few pounds of cheese
a bar of soap two bars of soap
a can of coke two cans of coke
a head of lettuce three heads of lettuce
a tube of toothpaste five tubes of toothpaste
a kind of shaving cream two kinds of shaving cream>
a jar of honey three jars of honey

Imagine you are at a supermarket :

35
Make a shopping list and use real prices then sum all the prices and present the
amount of your purchase. Hacer la lista de compras con precios reales y sumar
el total de la compra

Prepositions
Three Groups of Prepositions:
a. Prepositions of place, position and direction.
b. Prepositions of time.
c. Prepositions for other relationships.

SOME COMMON PREPOSITIONS

PLACE POSITION DIRECTION TIME OTHER

on
above beyond
opposite
across by after except
out (of)
along down before as
outside
among from at like
over
at in by about
around
away from in front of for with
through
behind inside during without
to
below into from by
towards
beside near in for
under
between off
up

Although prepositions are hard to generalize with separate rules, there is one simple
rule about them. And, unlike most rules, this rule has no exceptions. 

Rule: 

They are always followed by a "noun", never followed by a verb.

By "noun" we include:

Noun (dog, money, love) 

 Proper Noun (name) (London, Mary) 

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  Pronoun (you, him, us)
 Noun Group (my first car)
 Gerund (swimming)

If we want to follow with a verb, we must use the "-ing" form which is really a gerund
or verb in noun form. 

Subject + Verb Preposition "noun"

The pen is on the table.

He lives in England.

Henry is looking for you.

The newspaper is under your green book.

Pascal is used to English people.

She isn't used to working.

We ate before coming.

Prepositions of Time / Place at, in, on

At for a PRECISE TIME 

 In for MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS 

 On for DAYS and Dates

At In On

At 4:30 pm in March on Monday

At 3 o'clock In Winter On 6 March

At noon In the summer On 22 Dec.2012

At dinnertime In 1990 On Christmas Day

At bedtime In the next century On your birthday

37
 At the moment In the future On New Year's Eve

Notice that use of the prepositions of time in and on in these common expressions:

In the morning /On Monday morning

 In the mornings / On Sunday mornings

 In the afternoon(s) / On Sunday afternoons
 In the evening(s) / On Friday evenings

When we say next, last, this, every we do not use at, in, on. 

I went to New York last June (not in last June)

She is coming back next Monday. (not on next Monday)
I go home every Easter . (not at every Easter) 
We'll call you this afternoon. (not in this afternoon) 

Place: at, in, on

In General: 

At for a POINT (dog, money, love) 

 In for an ENCLOSED SPACE 

 On for a SURFACE 

In On
At

At the bus stop In London On the wall

At the corner In the garden On the ceiling

At the entrance In a box On the floor

At the crossroads In a building On the carpet

At the top of the page In a car On a page

Some other common uses of at / on / in 

38
At In On

At home In a car On a bus

At work In a taxi On a train

At school In a helicopter On a plane

At university In an elevator On a bicycle

At the top In the sky On the radio

At the bottom In the street On the left

At the side In a row On a horse

At reception In a boat On a boat

Notice how we can use on a boat or in a boat depending on the type and the size of
the particular boat/ship. 

escribe 10 oraciones utilizando la imagen

More Prepositions

Prepositions use Example

during the movie, during the flight,

during while in
during my stay

for for two days, for an hour

from / to from Saturday to Monday, from 5 to 9

the time period from one to between 1986 and 2012, between
between
another Saturday and Monday

until/till before a certain time until/till Sunday,5 o'clock

by Tuesday, by next month, by

by at the least
tomorrow

to movement towards to school, to work, to the station

39
 movement towards inside
into into the cinema, into the car
something

out of to leave a place/a thing out of the theater, out of the car

by near/next to/beside LINK stand by me, by the lake

through through the tunnel, through the room

across opposite ends across the river, across the street

against against the wall, against the door

movement towards inside

into into the cinema, into the car
something

Write 12 sentences using prepositions, colors, verbs,

numbers, and adjectives (escribe oraciones usando
preposiciones ,collores,verbos,numeros y adjetivos)
40
You can also use there is /there are.

1. _There is a sofa in front of the window._______________

2. ______________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________
7. ______________________________________________
8. ______________________________________________
9. ______________________________________________
10. ______________________________________________
11. ______________________________________________
12. ______________________________________________

41
42
 Eating Disorders
Eating disorders are among the most dangerous and difficult to treat of the
addiction issues people face. It is easy to see why; food is inescapable.

Everybody needs to eat food every day. While nobody needs cocaine, even the
most strenuous binge eater will have need of food every few hours, making
recovery a daily struggle.

What Are the Types of Eating Disorders?

The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) offers a list of three main
types of eating disorders. Perhaps the most widely known of these is anorexia
nervosa, which is a persistent refusal to eat sufficient food to maintain a
healthy weight or function. Bulimia nervosa is another eating disorder. It is
commonly associated with anorexia, and it is characterized by repeated
cycles of binge eating and purging. Overeating is yet another form of an
eating disorder, and it’s one that can lead to obesity, with all of the
associated health problems.

Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is classed, as are all eating disorders, as an addiction-type

illness, but in many ways it resembles delusional psychosis. Anorexic
individuals often see themselves as overweight, regardless of their true
physical states. This false belief is used to justify extreme abstinence from
food until serious health complications force treatment.

Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia nervosa is an especially hazardous condition that is often found

alongside anorexia. As with anorexic individuals, bulimics often view
themselves as massively overweight. Unlike anorexics, however, victims of
bulimia may consume vast quantities of food only to later induce vomiting in
an effort to prevent absorption of the food. Many bulimic individuals are of
normal weight so others may not suspect they have an eating disorder.

43
Answer

1- What are the eating disorders mentioned

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

2- Describe Bulimia Nervosa

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

3- Describe Anorexia Nervosa

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________
4- What would you do if your friend is facing one of these problems?

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5-what institutions in Panama work with teenagers in this situation?

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

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Good luck!

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