Unidad 1 - Tarea 2: Técnicas de Conteo y Teoría de la Probabilidad.
Estudiante: Olguerg Barrios Niño
100402_35 - Probabilidad
Tutor:
Frey Rodríguez Pérez
Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia-UNAD
Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Tecnología e Ingeniería
Ingeniería de Sistemas
25 de abril de 2023
Actividad 1
Tabla comparativa de conceptos
Tabla comparativa
Variable,
formula o
Concepto Definición imagen que
representa el
concepto
Teoría de conjuntos Set theory is a branch of mathematics that No hay una fórmula
studies sets. Sets are a collection of única de la teoría de
(usually) well-defined objects. conjuntos, sino que se
utilizan distintos
símbolos y operaciones
para representar
conjuntos
Teoría de The theory of probability is a branch of P(A) = n(A) / n(S)
probabilidad mathematics that focuses on the study of
the possible results of an event or
experiment and the possibility of
occurrence of each of these results.
Enfoque empírico The empirical approach refers to any No hay una fórmula
research approach that is based on específica para el
observation and the systematic collection of enfoque empírico
empirical or experiential data.
Enfoque subjetivo Subjective approach refers to a perspective No hay ninguna fórmula
based on a subject's individual experience específica para el
and perception rather than on observable enfoque subjetivo, ya que
evidence or theory. se trata de una
perspectiva basada en la
experiencia y la
percepción individual
Experimento is any process that is performed in the No hay ninguna fórmula
presence of uncertainty and that generates específica para el
data as a result Experimento
Espacio muestral are all the results of a random experiment No hay una fórmula
(statistics) and the set that contains all the específica para el espacio
elements is denoted by the letter S muestral.
Punto muestral A sample point is a specific element of the No hay una fórmula
sample space. específica para el punto
muestral
Evento simple A simple event refers to an occurrence that Fórmula: P(E) = Número
has a single outcome or observation in a de resultados favorables /
random experiment. Número total de
resultados posibles
Evento conjunto The formula for calculating the probability P(A y B) = P(A) * P(B)
of a joint event depends on whether the
events are independent or dependent.
Técnicas de conteo Counting techniques are mathematical No hay una fórmula
strategies used in probability theory to específica para las
determine the total number of possible técnicas de conteo
outcomes.
Diagrama de árbol In probability theory, a tree diagram is a No hay una fórmula
graphical representation that shows all específica
possible combinations of outcomes in an
experiment.
Factorial The factorial of a positive integer is defined
as the product of all the natural numbers
before or equal to it.
Write n!, and read n factorial
Principio aditivo The Additive Principle is a counting P(A) + P(B) - P(A y B).
technique used in probability theory to
determine the total number of possibilities
of a compound event.
Principio counting technique used in probability P(A y B) = P(A) x P(B)
multiplicativo theory to determine the total number of
possibilities of an event composed of two or
more independent subevents
Permutaciones It is the number of ways to arrange r objects P(N,R) = N! / (N-R)!.
selected from among n objects in order,
considering the order.
Combinaciones is the number of different ways in which k n C k = n! / (k! * (n - k)!)
elements can be chosen from a set of n
elements regardless of the order of choice
and without replacement
Eventos mutuamente are those events where the occurrence of P(A o B) = P(A) + P(B)
excluyentes one of them automatically excludes the
occurrence of the other events
Eventos They are considered independent if the P(A y B) = P(A) x P(B)
Independientes occurrence of one of them does not affect
the probability of occurrence of the other
event.
Probabilidad the conditional probability quantifies the
condicional new level of uncertainty that one has
regarding the occurrence of A, given that B
has already occurred
Teorema de Bayes Bayes' rule establishes a link between
P(A/B) and P(B/A). In this answer,
generally, P(A) is called a priori
probability; while P(A/B) is called the
posterior probabilities
BIBLIOGRAFÍA
Gamero Burón, C. (2017). Estadística I: elementos de estadística
descriptiva y de teoría de la probabilidad. (pp 21-73, 223-233, 236-251).
Servicio de Publicaciones y Divulgación Científica de la Universidad de
Málaga.
https://elibro-net.bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/es/ereader/unad/60724?
page=21
Llinás Solano, H. (2017). Estadística descriptiva y distribuciones de
probabilidad. (pp. 100-129, 152-163). Universidad del Norte. https://elibro-
net.bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/es/ereader/unad/70059?page=117
Obando López, J. y Arango Londoño, N. (2019). Probabilidad y estadística.
Fondo Editorial EIA. (pp. 9-16).https://elibro-
net.bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/es/ereader/unad/125705?page=10
Rodríguez Franco, J. y Pierdant Rodríguez, A. I. (2015). Estadística para
administración. (pp. 2-15, 100-133, 177-228). Grupo Editorial
Patria. https://elibro-net.bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/es/ereader/unad/
39397?page=18
Sánchez, J.(2020). OVI – Unidad 1. Teorema de Bayes
https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/35642
Rodríguez, J.(2022). OVI – Unidad 1. Permutaciones
https://repository.unad.edu.co/handle/10596/53442
