Automatización Industrial Avanzada
Cargado por
CARLOS COATemas abordados
- Funciones Avanzadas,
- Trazabilidad,
- Optimización de Recursos,
- Sistemas Abiertos,
- Visibilidad del Proceso,
- Coste de Implantación,
- Control de Procesos,
- Integración de Sistemas,
- Control Híbrido,
- DCS
Automatización Industrial Avanzada
Cargado por
CARLOS COATemas abordados
- Funciones Avanzadas,
- Trazabilidad,
- Optimización de Recursos,
- Sistemas Abiertos,
- Visibilidad del Proceso,
- Coste de Implantación,
- Control de Procesos,
- Integración de Sistemas,
- Control Híbrido,
- DCS
Common questions
Con tecnología de IAHybrid Control Systems (HCS) offer greater flexibility and integration as they can be applied to continuous, batch, and discrete processes, adhering to the ISA S88 standard for flexible manufacturing . They allow for faster adaptation to new technologies and are open systems that easily integrate with third-party hardware and software, unlike traditional DCS which are less open and more difficult to adapt . Moreover, HCS provides advanced control functions without the high costs associated with DCS, and they offer high availability and scalability benefits, as they can be customized with user-created or pre-designed objects from Schneider Electric .
In traditional PLC+SCADA setups, maintaining separate databases for control and supervision can lead to data inconsistencies, increased complexity in data synchronization, and higher maintenance costs . These systems require explicit addressing, which demands more effort in integrating hardware and software components . Hybrid systems, on the other hand, offer a unified database approach that allows for a single point of entry for configuration data, thus simplifying integration between control and supervision and minimizing the chances of data inconsistency . This approach streamlines operations and reduces the complexity and cost associated with maintaining separate databases .
High-level functionalities such as object-based operations and automatic supervision integration can steepen the learning curve for engineers due to the need to understand sophisticated object-oriented programming principles and integration strategies . Engineers need to familiarize themselves with complex functionalities, including state representation, command modes, interlocks, and detailed screens for system operations . Although the initial learning curve is steep, once mastered, these functionalities greatly enhance system handling efficiencies and allow engineers to implement advanced control strategies with improved accuracy and reduced manual effort .
Reconfigurable control systems that utilize pre-designed objects provide significant cost savings and reduce project risk for system integrators by allowing them to focus on specific project requirements rather than on creating custom solutions from scratch . The use of tested and reusable objects minimizes the risk of errors and ensures reliability, while the investment in existing technologies is protected as it does not demand new tool learning . This approach lowers the overall integration effort and allows quick adaptation, thereby reducing both development time and resource expenditure .
Advanced control functions such as multivariable control, predictive control, and ISA S88-based sequential control significantly enhance the effectiveness of industrial control systems by providing precision and reliability in complex process scenarios . These features enable better process optimization, efficiency, and safety, which can outweigh the complexities involved in integrating such sophisticated functionalities. The integration complexity is justified by the high returns in terms of reduced downtime, energy consumption, and improved product quality. Additionally, the support for distributed architectures in Hybrid Systems makes it easier to manage and integrate these complexities over traditional centralized systems .
PLC+SCADA systems enhance flexibility and scalability by allowing the selection of products that best fit the specific control and supervision needs, such as historization and batch control, promoting rapid evolution with new technologies . These systems offer an open architecture that supports integration with third-party hardware and software, accommodating the scaling up or down of operations . This setup allows for diverse service offerings due to lack of vendor lock-in, thereby improving flexibility to adapt to emerging requirements and technologies .
Implementing sequential control based on the ISA S88 standard in existing systems not designed with this standard may present several challenges. These include incompatibility with the legacy system’s architecture, requiring significant refactoring of control logic to fit the new sequence-based approach . Furthermore, there might be a need for extensive retraining of personnel to understand and utilize the new standard effectively, as well as potential data migration issues from existing non-compliant databases . Additional costs associated with software and hardware updates may also be substantial, impacting the overall project timeline and budget .
Modularity in application design allows for the optimization of resources by enabling the reuse of code across similar tasks, thereby reducing memory and processing demands . By employing modular components, system updates or expansions can occur without affecting the entire system, leading to efficient resource utilization and system management . Also, this design allows the separation of system functionalities into discrete modules that can be developed, tested, and maintained independently, which contributes to operational efficiency and a reduction in time and costs associated with system design and maintenance .
The integration of diagnostic tools within control systems facilitates real-time decision-making by providing operators with immediate access to critical system metrics, such as signal values in failure scenarios, and alerting them to contextual alarm states . These tools enable operators to perform immediate manual resets and bypasses where required, thus responding quickly to prevent potential process disruptions . Moreover, the real-time visibility afforded by these diagnostic tools allows for rapid troubleshooting and problem identification, enhancing process reliability and safety by enabling informed decision-making at critical moments .
High-level functionalities of PLC systems, such as automatic integration between control and supervision and the use of reusable objects, significantly boost operational efficiency and adaptability. This ensures that control data can be efficiently used for supervision with minimal duplication or errors . Optimized resource use, such as memory and execution time, alongside the ability to easily scale systems with existing controller models, enhances flexibility and allows quick adaptation to new operational demands . The open nature of these systems permits users to create or modify existing functional blocks, adding to their robustness and operational efficiency .
