LESSON 3
ELECTRICAL CONCEPTS - THE PASSIVE VOICE
REVIEW AND REINFORCEMENT OF «INSTRUCTIONS»
VOCABULARY
Belt – strap:Correa Hold-sujetar/sostener Bolt:perno Pulley –Polea
Into-en (dentro) Adjustment - Ajuste
How to install an alternator- INSTRUCTIONS
1. Put the alternator in position on its bracket. Install the bolt and nut that holds it
Ponga el alternador en posicion en su eje. Instale el perno y la tuerca que lo sostiene
2. Install the alternator belt on the alternator pulley. Install the adjustment bolt through the strap into the
alternator. …Instale la correa del alternador en la polea del alternador. Instale el perno de ajuste a través de
la correa en el alternador.
Put the correct tension belt. …Ponga la correa de tension correcta
3. Connect the wires to their correct location on the alternator Conecte los cables a su ubicacion correcta
en el alternador
LOOK AT THE FOLLOWING FORMATION – PASSIVE VOICE
1. The power is stopped La energía se detiene (la energia ES detenida)
2. The word «frequency» is used to indicateLa palabra frecuencia ES usaDA para indicar
3. Power is measured in watts ….La energia ES mediDA en watts
4. Microphones are used in many applications Los microfonos SON usaDOS en diferentes aplicaciones
Passive voice: La voz pasiva hace uso del verbo TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE. Para realizar el cambio de tiempo verbal
debe centrarse en el verbo principal constituido por el verbo “to be”
Verb TO BE (Para la formacion en voz pasiva)
Presente pasado future Must can
Singular: IS (ES) WAS (FUE-ESTABA) will be (sera) must be (debe ser) can be (puede ser)
Plural: ARE(SON) WERE (FUERON-ESTABAN) will be (seran) must be (deben ser) can be (pueden ser)
EJEMPLOS EN PASADO:
Aquellos ERAN cables- Those WERE cables
Eso fue peligroso – That WAS dangerous
Yo estaba en el trabajo – I WAS at work – I was in my job
VERB FORMATION FOR PASSIVE VOICE The circuit braker protected
Verbs Past meaning Participle meaning (Cuando hay is/are)
PRESENT PAST
Converted - .. Convirtió Convertido
Convert ConvertED
Serve ServeD Served - Sirvió Servido
ContainContainED Contained - ..Contúvo Contenido
AttractAttractED Attracted - ..Atrajo Atraido
DivideDivideD Divided - ..Dividió Dividido
ProtectProtectED Protected - ..Protegió Protegido
DetectDetectED Detected - ..Detecto Detectado
PowerPowerED
Powered - .. Energizó Energizado
Move MoveD
Moved - ..Movió Movido
Balanced – … Equilibro Equilibrado
Break - Broke broken
Romper/quebrar - rompió – quebró - roto/quebrado
Know - Knew Known
Conocer conoció conocido
Make- Made Made
Hacer Hizo hecho
Presente: El cable es conectado a una Fuente de energía The cable IS CONECTED to a power source
Pasado: El cable fue conectado a una fuente de energía The cable WAS CONECTED to a power source
Futuro: El cable será conectado a una fuente de energía The cable WILL BE CONECTED to a power source
CAN: El cable puede ser conectado a una Fuente de energíaThe cable CAN BE CONECTED to a power source
Must: El cable debe ser conectado a una Fuente de energía The cable MUST BE CONECTED to a power source
PLURAL
The wires ARE connected Los cables SON conectados – Los cables estan conectados
The wire WERE connected Los cables FUERON conectados – Los cables estaban conectados
Let’s practice: Change the sentences above in the different tenses and translate
The current is measured in Amperes. La corriente es medida en amperios
Past simple: The current WAS measured in Amperes
Future simple: The current Will be measured in amperes
Can: The current can be measured in amperes
Must: The current must be measured in amperes
A circuit breaker is designed to protect an electrical circuit
Past simple: A circuit breaker WAS designed to protect an electrical circuit
Future simple: A circuit breaker WILL BE DESIGNED to protect an electrical circuit
Can: A circuit breaker CAN BE DESIGNED to protect an electrical circuit
Must: A circuit breaker MUST BE DESIGNED to protect an electrical circuit
Some automotive vehicles are designed with magneto ignition
Past simple: Some automotive vehicles were designed with magneto ignition
Future simple: Some automotive vehicles will be designed with magneto ignition
Can: Some automotive vehicles can be designed with magneto ignition
Must: Some automotive vehicles must be designed with magneto ignition
Identify the passive voice, underline and translate the sentences
1. After that a fault is detected and isolated, a control scheme is reconfigured
Despues de que una falla es detectada y aislada, un esquema de control es reconfigurado
2. The electric energy is consumed in all these processes simultaneously.
La energia electrica es consumida en todos estos procesos simultá neamente
3. The device is powered electrically
El dispositivo es energizado electricamente
4. The temperature is measured using a device known as a thermometer.
La temperature es medida utilizando un dispositivo conocido como termometro
5. A circuit contains two devices that are connected in parallel
Un circuito contiene dos dispositivos que está n conectados en paralelo
6. Alternators are designed with diodes that prevent current from flowing into it
….Los alternadores está n diseñ ado con diodos que previenen que la corriente fluya al interior
7. The alternator is used to charge the battery
….El alternador es usado para cargar la bacteria
READING COMPREHENSION
Definition of vehicle electrical system
Through: a través
Hearth: centro/nucleo
Charging system: Sistema de carga
While: mientras
Start running: (start to run)- arrancar
Car electrical systems are controlled devices electrically in a vehicle.
Los sistemas electricos del auto son dispositivos controlados eléctricamente en un vehiculo
They receive energy from the battery and return it to the battery through the hearth.
Reciben energia de la bacteria y la regresan a la batería a través del nucleo
The charging system comprises an alternator and battery.
El Sistema de carga comprende un alternador y una bateria
This battery is used to power the starting motor, helps the engine to start running while the alternator is used
Esta bateria es usada para energizar el motor inicial, ayuda al motor a iniciar el arranque mientras
to charge the battery and other electrical components in the vehicle.
El alternador es usado para cargar la bacteria y otros components electricos en el vehiculo
IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING WORDS – Underline the words (Subraye las palabras)
Componentes eléctricos Circuitos eléctricos
Energia de la batería Encendido por magneto
Sistemas de ignició n
Some automotive vehicles are designed with magneto ignition which generates power that powers a spark
plug in the combustion chambers. It is also used to power some electrical components, which help to save the
battery power. Even some ignition systems depend on the battery’s power.
All electrical circuits in vehicles are opened and closed either by switches or relays and fuse are used to
prevent them from overloads.
Vocabulary
Spark plug: Bujia de encendido
Combustion chambers: camara de combustion
Although: a pesar de
Either by: ya sea por
To prevent them: para protegerlos
Some: algunos
