B2

Module

10
THAT’S
ENGLISH!
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Autores Grabación
Caroline Cooke; Anna Cowper; Susan Lea-Wilson; EFS Motivation Sound Studios
Denise O’Brien; Meryl Wilford; Alejandro Zarzalejos
Edición gráfica
Edición Fidel Puerta
Gregory Backes; Valerie Clark; Sarah Jackson; Esther
Maquetación
Lema; Verónica Moro
Maritxu Eizaguirre
Corrección y traducción
Coordinación técnica y de diseño
Michelle Armstrong
Maritxu Eizaguirre
Ilustración
Dirección del proyecto
Chema García
Vicki Caballero Anderson

Fotografía
Fidel Puerta; Javier Calbet / ARCHIVO SM; CONTACTO; EFE; PRISMA; CORBIS; BANANASTOCK; ALAMY IMAGES;
PHOVOIR; THINKSTOCK; CORDON PRESS; 123RF; SHUTTERSTOCK; GETTY IMAGES; AGE FOTOSTOCK; ALBUM

Fuentes
P. 27: European CEO (22/07/14); P. 37: Quibblo (11/06/14): P. 42: Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire
(07/07/14); P. 42-43: The Official Website of Kumbh Mela Allahabad, The Telegraph (07/07/14); P. 45: Office for National
Statistics (10/07/14); P. 52: Huffington Post, The Guardian (02/10/14); P. 58: BBC, New York Times (30/06/2014); P. 66-67:
The Telegraph (14/06/14); P. 81: Psychology Today (22/07/14); P. 96-97: BBC, SBS (12/07/14); P. 99: Stetson (19/07/14); P.
101: Sofeminine (01/08/14); P. 106: Habitat for Humanity, Projects Abroad (06/11/14); P. 108-109: Wikipedia, Charity Water
(31/07/14); P. 109: BBC (31/07/14); P. 122: BBB (22/07/14)

Diseño curricular y seguimiento técnico del proceso de elaboración de los materiales didácticos de Inglés a Distancia
desde el CIDEAD realizado por:
Rocío Arias Bejarano
Silvia Ávila Duez
Nuria Cambronero Sicilia
Rafael Fernández Alonso Este material se ha elaborado con papel
María Ángeles Fernández Melón certificado por la cadena de custodia PEFC
(Programme for the Endorsement of Forest
Ana Mª García Romero
Certification), procedente de plantaciones
Karen Ludlow
forestales, totalmente libre de cloro
Cleo Merino de Diego (TCF – Totally Chlorine Free) y cumpliendo
Ángel Nieto Serrano la ISO14001, siguiendo lo estipulado en
Marta Puras Tellaeche la Orden PRE/116/2008, de 21 de enero.
María Jesús Sierra Delgado
Elena Terán Herranz
Alejandro Zarzalejos Alonso

MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN, CULTURA Y DEPORTE

SECRETARÍA DE ESTADO DE EDUCACIÓN, FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL Y UNIVERSIDADES
Centro para la Innovación y Desarrollo de la Educación a Distancia (CIDEAD)

Edita:
© SECRETARÍA GENERAL TÉCNICA
Subdirección General de Publicaciones y Documentación
Catálogo de publicaciones del Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte: http://www.educacion.es
Catálogo general de publicaciones oficiales: www.060.es
Fecha de edición: diciembre 2014
NIPO: 030-14-103-5
ISBN: 978-84-369-5569-9
Depósito legal: M-17666-2014
Impreso en la UE - Printed in EU
Imprime: Reyper, S.L.
THAT’S ENGLISH!
Contents 4
Introduction 6
Unit 1 10
Turning points
Unit 2 20
In the market
Unit 3 30
Can you keep a secret?
Unit 4 40
Faith
Revision 1 50
Unit 5 54
This is my space
Unit 6 64
How can I help?
Unit 7 74
Competition
Unit 8 84
A good read
Unit 9 94
The gender gap
Revision 2 104
Unit 10 108
Exam strategies
Self Tests (Units 1-9) 114
Reference Section 123
Pronunciation Guide 146
List of Irregular Verbs 149
Audio Scripts 151
Answer Key 164

3
Contents FUNCTIONS GRAMMAR

UNIT
1
s .ARRATING
s 0AST PERFECT SIMPLE AND CONTINUOUS
s4ALKING ABOUT HABITS
s on  before  after  -ing
s %XPRESSING ADVICE AND
Turning points REASSURANCE
s used to  would

UNIT
2
s 7ORD FORMATION
s 'IVING INSTRUCTIONS s )MPERATIVES AND MODAL VERBS
s )DENTIFYING s 2EDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES

In the market s %XPRESSING CONTRAST s Despite AND in spite of

s #ONNECTORS

UNIT
3
s %MPHASISING
Can you keep s %XPRESSING CONlDENCE AND
LACK OF IT IN SPEECH
s )NVERSION FOR EMPHASIS
s $EGREE ADVERBS

a secret? s %XPRESSING SADNESS

s 'RADABLE AND EXTREME ADJECTIVES

UNIT
4
s %XPRESSING DOUBT AND s 1UESTION TAGS
BELIEF s !DVERBS
s !FlRMING s #ONNECTORS yet, still AND even so
Faith s %XPRESSING CONTRAST s #ONTRAST CLAUSES

REVISION 1
UNIT
5
s %XPRESSING HYPOTHESIS s #ONDITIONAL SENTENCES
This is my s !GREEING AND DISAGREEING
s 2ECOMMENDING AND
s -ODIlERS WITH COMPARATIVE
STRUCTURES
space SUGGESTING s recommend suggest

UNIT
6
s 'ETTING THINGS DONE s 0ASSIVE VOICE
s $ESCRIBING A PROCESS s to have  get something done
s 0RAISING AND COMPLAINING s Keep  -ing  PRESENT CONTINUOUS 

How can I help? s 3OUNDING FORMAL AND always

POLITE s 3INGULAR AND PLURAL COLLECTIVE NOUNS

UNIT
7
s Make let be allowed to
s /BLIGATION AND PERMISSION s -ODALS FOR ABILITY IN THE PAST
s %XPRESSING ABILITY IN THE PAST s ,IMITING AND INTENSIFYING ADVERBS
Competition s I wish / if only..., regret

UNIT

UNIT
8 A good read
s 3PECULATING
s .ARRATING
s -ODALS FOR SPECULATION IN THE PAST
s 0AST TENSES

9
s )NVERSION AFTER so AND such
s -AKING DISTINCTIONS s 2HETORICAL SUGGESTIONS
s %MPHASISING s 0LURAL NOUNS USED WITH SINGULAR
SUBJECT
The gender gap
s !RGUING
s !NTICIPATORY it

REVISION 2
UNIT
10
Exam
strategies
4 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 PHONETICS VOCABULARY SOCIOLINGUISTICS WRITING / SPEAKING

s /w/ /g/
s4URNING POINTS IN LIFE s -AJOR CHANGES IN LIFE AND s )NTERACTION DESCRIBING A
s 7EAK FORMS IN THE LEXICAL HISTORY BAD HABIT
s "AD HABITS
EXPRESSIONS

s "USINESS IN THE ST

s /b/ VS /v/ s 0HRASAL VERBS CENTURY
s 7RITING A REPORT
s "USINESS s 3ETTING UP BUSINESS IN
THE 5+

s 3TRESS PATTERNS FOR s 3ECRETS AND THEIR EFFECT IN

s 3ECRETS s -ONOLOGUE A
EXTREME ADVERBS AND SOCIETY
s &EELINGS DISAPPOINTING EXPERIENCE
ADJECTIVES

s 3PELLINGS OF /ei/: ai, ay, s )NFORMATION ON DIFFERENT

a...e, ei, ey s 2ELIGION AND FAITH RELIGIONS s 7RITING A for and against
s )NTONATION IN QUESTION s $ISBELIEF s4HE ROLE OF RELIGION IN THE ESSAY
TAGS CULTURE OF A COUNTRY

s4HE CONCEPT OF PERSONAL s )NTERACTION A DEBATE

s %MPHATIC STRESS s 3PACES
SPACE IN DIFFERENT CULTURES

s 0RAISING AND COMPLAINING s 4HE SERVICES s 7RITING A FORMAL EMAIL OF

s 2OLE OF VOLUNTEERS SERVICE
INTONATION AND MAIN STRESS s #OMPLAINTS AND PROBLEMS COMPLAINT

s #OMPETITION IN DIFFERENT
s %NCOURAGING EXPRESSIONS ASPECTS OF LIFE SCHOOL AND s -ONOLOGUE A COMPETITIVE
s #OMPETITION
INTONATION AND STRESS STUDIES BUSINESS WORK SITUATION
SPORTx

s 7HAT IS GENERALLY
s #ONTRACTION OF have /əv/)
CONSIDERED TO BE TRUE s 7RITING A BOOK OR lLM
s )NTONATION TO EXPRESS s &ICTION AND NARRATIVE
s4HE WORTH OF DIFFERENT REVIEW
DEGREES OF CERTAINTY
GENRES OF LITERATURE

s4HE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN

s .ON SEXIST VOCABULARY CHANGING SEXIST VIEWS
s 3TRESS ON LONG WORDS s )NTERACTION A DEBATE
s 0HRASAL VERBS s 'ENDER STEREOTYPES IN
SOCIETY

THAT’S ENGLISH! 5
Introduction
Bienvenido al módulo diez del curso That’s English! programa. Si te resultara muy difícil realizar las
con el que comenzamos el nivel avanzado. actividades de esta sección, deberías volver a ver el
En esta introducción queremos ofrecerte varias programa e intentar hacerlas de nuevo.
sugerencias para seguir cómodamente y con éxito En la sección Now you! se te pide que relaciones
los nuevos módulos de That’s English! que constan el tema del programa con tus propias vivencias y
de 9 unidades, 2 unidades de revisión y 1 unidad opiniones. Por eso conviene que hagas esta actividad
de preparación para el examen de fin de módulo. nada más ver el programa. Es una excelente manera
A continuación se detalla la estructura de la unidad de repasarlo e interiorizarlo.
página por página. La segunda página consta de tres secciones: Street
Interviews, Activate your English and Now You, y en
Programa de vídeo A (páginas 1 y 2) ella se trabajan y practican ciertos aspectos de la lengua
utilizada por las personas entrevistadas en la calle.
Todos los materiales de cada unidad giran en torno
a un tema diferente. Antes de ver el programa
correspondiente a una unidad, te ayudará consultar la
Reading (páginas 3 y 4)
tabla de contenidos al principio del libro donde verás Así como las dos primeras páginas se centran en el
recogidas las funciones, estructuras, vocabulario,
desarrollo de la comprensión auditiva, las páginas 3
etcétera, que la configuran.
y 4 de cada unidad están dedicadas al desarrollo de
Después, echa un vistazo a la primera página de la la capacidad lectora, fundamental, junto con aquella,
sección A. En ella podrás ver los Objetivos que se para el aprendizaje y dominio de una lengua. Bajo
espera que hayas conseguido al finalizar el estudio el encabezamiento Reading, se encuentra un texto
de la unidad. Puedes volver a ellos entonces y relacionado con el tema de la unidad. Léelo las
comprobar si los has conseguido. veces que lo consideres necesario para realizar las
Los encabezamientos Before you watch, While you actividades relacionadas con él.
watch y After you watch te indican qué actividades Recuerda que lo importante no es la comprensión de
debes hacer en cada momento. todas y cada una de las palabras, sino de lo esencial
Before you watch presenta el vocabulario y las del texto, ya sea hablado o escrito.
frases clave del programa. Debes, por tanto, leerlas
atentamente y buscar en el diccionario cualquier Language Study (páginas 5 y 6)
palabra que desconozcas.
While you watch contiene las preguntas que los Estas páginas están dedicadas al desarrollo de los
presentadores hacen al comienzo del programa; sirven siguientes aspectos:
para que te hagas una idea del contenido del episodio Pronunciation
correspondiente de la serie 12, Penn Road y para que
Los ejercicios de pronunciación se centran en los
centres tu atención en sus aspectos esenciales. Los
diversos aspectos de la fonética: sonidos, acento,
presentadores te darán las respuestas al final del
ritmo y entonación, tratados desde el punto de vista
mismo. Este apartado debes prepararlo cuidadosa-
de las dificultades que presentan habitualmente para el
mente antes de ver el programa, pues te servirá para
hablante español. Estos ejercicios son fundamentales
su mejor comprensión y aprovechamiento.
para mejorar tu pronunciación. Para hacerlos, deberás
Mientras ves el programa, intenta responder a usar el CD de audio. Conviene que grabes tu propia voz
las preguntas hechas por los presentadores, pero y la compares con el modelo del CD. Para conseguir una
recuerda que lo más importante es seguir el hilo pronunciación aceptable, necesitarás repetir muchas
general de la trama, y que no debes preocuparte si veces, pero el esfuerzo merece la pena.
hay algunas palabras o expresiones que desconoces.
Muy probablemente las tendrás en cualquiera de Listening
los demás materiales de la unidad. Es conveniente Estas actividades sirven no solo para desarrollar la
que tengas papel y lápiz a mano, pues puede haber importantísima destreza de comprender la palabra
palabras o explicaciones de los presentadores que te hablada, sino también para reforzar el vocabulario, las
interese anotar. En cualquier caso, observarás que estructuras y funciones estudiadas. Para ello, escucha
la segunda vez que veas el programa entenderás el CD de audio con atención: no escribas nada. Vuelve
mucho más que la primera. Y si lo ves una tercera a escuchar el CD e intenta completar los ejercicios
vez, aún mejor. cuantas veces sea necesario. Finalmente, escucha
el CD de nuevo siguiendo el texto y comprueba que
Nada más terminar el programa, conviene que hagas
todas las respuestas son correctas.
la sección After you watch. Con estas actividades,
puedes comprobar tu grado de comprensión del

6 THAT’S ENGLISH!
Vocabulary Writing
Se presenta y practica vocabulario tanto en el Para muchos de los ejercicios de expresión escrita
programa de vídeo A como en las páginas de de estas páginas no hay una solución correcta única.
Reading, Language Study, Speaking y Writing. Las Esto no debe preocuparte. No es necesario que todo
actividades de vocabulario tienen como objetivo lo que escribas sea absolutamente correcto. Escribe
practicar el vocabulario ya presentado en el vídeo, en sin miedo, echa mano de tus fuentes de consulta:
el texto de Reading o presentar vocabulario nuevo de diccionarios, gramáticas, amigos, internet; de nuevo,
forma contextualizada. no tengas miedo de cometer errores, y piensa que es
a base de práctica como se aprende a escribir.
Grammar
La gramática juega un papel importante, pero
no esencial en el aprendizaje de una lengua. El Programa de vídeo B (página 7)
conocimiento de las reglas no lleva automáticamente
La sesión B del libro, que se corresponde con el
a aplicarlas bien a la hora de hablar o escribir; por
segundo programa de vídeo, tiene por objeto
tanto, no debes obsesionarte con la gramática.
ampliar la lengua presentada en la sesión anterior de
Es más importante ser capaz de participar en una
forma menos controlada y más natural. El segundo
conversación, leer un libro o escribir un correo que
programa está compuesto por diversos elementos
saber todas las reglas de la lengua. Conviene buscar
que abordan el tema general introducido en la sesión
un equilibrio.
anterior desde muy distintos puntos de vista:
El conocimiento de las reglas gramaticales te
s Documentary: donde podrás ver un documental
ayudará a entender ciertas estructuras complejas
sobre algún aspecto relacionado con el tema de la
o simplemente distintas a las españolas. También
unidad.
te permitirá corregir tus propias producciones,
probablemente a posteriori, y te dará una cierta s Same language, different lives: en esta sección
sensación de confianza. Recuerda, sin embargo, que tendrás oportunidad de ver a varias personas de
se pueden saber todas las reglas de una lengua y ser diferentes países de habla inglesa respondiendo a
incapaz de expresarse en la misma, así como también preguntas relacionadas con el tema de la unidad.
es posible expresarse con toda fluidez y corrección De esta manera, además de oír diferentes formas de
sin conocer las reglas. hablar inglés, podrás aprender cómo es la vida en
estos países y contrastarla con la tuya.
En este nivel avanzado las estructuras gramaticales
nuevas se presentan a traves de help boxes s That’s Ireland: es una sección con la que podrás
inductivas para poder inferir las reglas gramaticales, disfrutar de un viaje cultural. En este módulo
de color morado, y con otras de carácter informativo visitaremos Irlanda. En cada episodio nuestro
de color verde. En ambas se proporcionan llamadas presentador, Aidan O’Neill, visita alguna ciudad
de referencia para acudir a Reference section donde o lugar de interés turístico y conversará con las
se proporciona una explicación más detallada de las personas que vaya encontrando. Esta sección te
estructuras presentadas. ayudará a mejorar tu comprensión auditiva y a
conocer de cerca interesantes aspectos de la cultura
Así pues, conviene que estudies los recuadros de
británica.
explicaciones gramaticales, que comprendas bien los
ejemplos y que hagas los ejercicios correspondientes. Pues bien, antes de ver el segundo programa, es muy
conveniente que leas todas las actividades que debes
Speaking hacer porque te resultará motivador y te ayudará a
Hay dos clases de actividades de speaking: de comprender lo que vas a ver.
producción y de interacción, señalizadas con
Realiza las primeras actividades de cada sección
sus correspondientes iconos. Las actividades de
antes de ver el programa B: muchas de ellas están
producción las puedes hacer solo. Sin embargo, para
encaminadas a familiarizarte con el lenguaje que se
las actividades de interacción necesitas a alguien
va a usar y, en ocasiones, a predecirlo.
con quien interactuar. Si conoces a alguien que
también esté estudiando inglés, sería muy útil que A continuación realiza las actividades de comprensión
pudieras hacer estas actividades con esta persona. de cada sección después de ver el programa. Estas
Siempre tienes, por supuesto, la sesión de tutoría, tienen por misión medir tu comprensión de los
donde podrás realizar estas actividades con tus diversos elementos.
compañeros de clase. Un consejo: no seas tímido. Un consejo que deberías tener muy en cuenta: no te
Lánzate a hablar. No te preocupes por los errores que preocupes si no entiendes todas y cada una de las
puedas cometer. No hay nada más que una forma de palabras que oigas o leas. Lo importante es captar el
aprender a hablar y es hablando. mensaje esencial de cada uno de sus episodios.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 7
Introduction
Skills Work (página 8) Unit 10 Exams
Esta página está reservada para trabajar las distintas Al final del libro también se incluye una unidad de
destrezas de listening, reading, speaking y writing de examen destinada a preparar el examen de final de
forma integrada y con temas alusivos al tópico de la módulo. Plantea un modelo de examen por destrezas
unidad. similar al que se propone en las Escuelas de Idiomas
Algunas de estas actividades pueden ser más de algunas Comunidades Autónomas.
abiertas y menos controladas que las de las sesiones En esta unidad, además de trabajar las cuatro
A y B. No debes preocuparte si no sabes si has destrezas, se proporcionan actividades y consejos
resuelto bien la actividad o no. El mismo hecho de que ayudan a desarrollar estrategias para mejor
realizarla te ha servido para mucho. Como muchas enfrentar las distintas partes del examen.
otras cosas de la vida, una lengua se aprende
practicándola y cometiendo errores. No obstante, la Reference Section
tutoría presencial puede ser un buen momento para
preguntar tus dudas y practicar las actividades orales En este nivel avanzado también se incluye una
de esta sección con tus compañeros. sección completa al final del libro que se llama
Reference Section. En ella puedes encontrar los Self
Writing / Speaking (páginas 9 y 10) Tests correspondientes a cada una de las unidades,
breves explicaciones de gramática, una sección
En estos módulos del nivel avanzado se alternan de Writing con modelos de los distintos tipos de
cada dos unidades dos páginas dedicadas a las textos trabajados en las unidades, una breve guía
destrezas de writing o speaking. En ellas se incluirán de pronunciación y la lista de verbos irregulares.
actividades para analizar textos escritos u orales Finalmente, la sección de Answer Key te puede
(forma y estructura) y el lenguaje y funciones ayudar para autocorregirte las actividades de las
utilizados en ellos. Al final de cada sección el alumno unidades.
tendrá que producir o bien un texto escrito basado Todos estos elementos están pensados para
en el tipo de texto trabajado en la sección o bien un proporcionarte la ayuda necesaria con las estructuras
texto oral que será un monólogo o un diálogo. Al y el vocabulario de cada unidad.
final del libro se podrá consultar la sección de Writing
Reference, que incluirá los distintos tipos de textos Por último, un consejo muy importante para que
trabajados en las unidades dedicadas a writing. En la puedas tener éxito con el curso That’s English!:
sección de Answer Key se proporcionarán modelos asiste a las sesiones de tutoría con regularidad. Son
para orientar en las producciones orales y escritas. fundamentales para el desarrollo de tu competencia
comunicativa.

Self Tests
Al final del libro se incluyen los Self Tests
correspondientes a cada una de las unidades. Estas
páginas te dan la oportunidad de que te autoevalúes
y repases los contenidos fundamentales de la unidad
a través de distintos tipos de actividades.

Revision units
En este módulo se han elaborado dos unidades de
revisión. Revision Unit 1, después de la unidad 4, revisa
los contenidos de las cuatro primeras unidades.
Revision Unit 2, después de la unidad 9, revisa las
cinco restantes.
Constan de cuatro páginas para repasar y
consolidar los contenidos principales del módulo.
Incluyen actividades de gramática, vocabulario y
pronunciación, y práctica de las 4 destrezas.

8 THAT’S ENGLISH!
UNIT
1 Turning points

OBJECTIVES
s4O TALK ABOUT IMPORTANT TURNING POINTS
s4O NARRATE CHANGES IN HABITS

A Turning your life around

BEFORE YOU WATCH 4 Decide if the sentences are true (4) or false (7).
Correct the false ones.
1 Match the questions (1-3) to the pictures (a-c)
and answer them. 1 2EMYS PHOTOS LOOK NATURAL BECAUSE THE
WORKERS FORGOT HE WAS THERE
1 7HAT PRODUCTS CAN YOU BUY IN AN ETHICAL 2 4HE COOPERATIVE IN 4ANZANIA CREATES BEAUTIFUL
TRADING SHOP THINGS WHICH THEY DONT SELL AT A PROFIT
2 $O YOU KNOW ANY WORKERS COOPERATIVES IN 3 *UDITH WAS OFFERED THE NEW POST OF FASHION
YOUR COUNTRY EDITOR WHICH MEANT SHE WAS GOING TO BE IN
3 (AVE YOU EVER FELT OVERWORKED CHARGE OF THE WHOLE MAGAZINE
a b c 4 *UDITH AGREES TO LET +AREN USE HER STORY FOR AN
ARTICLE ABOUT ETHICAL TRADING AND OVERCOMING
DIFFICULTIES

5 Read the quotes from the Drama. Match the

expressions in bold (1-2) to the definitions (a-b).
Judith: ) KNEW ) HAD TO 1turn my life around AND
BREAK OUT OF THESE BAD HABITS
WHILE YOU WATCH Peachy: 4HINGS ARE GOING TO 2take a turn for the
better NOW

2 Answer the questions.
a TO CHANGE SOMETHING COMPLETELY
b TO CHANGE IN A POSITIVE WAY

6 Read the sentences. Match the situations in

bold (1-4) to the explanations (a-d).
1 2ACHEL HAS BEEN MUCH MORE HELPFUL RECENTLY
SHE REALLY SEEMS TO HAVE turned over a new leaf
1 7HAT DOES *UDITH DO NOW 2 7HEN THE PATIENT ASKED FOR WATER WE KNEW
THAT the tide had turned AND HE WAS NO LONGER
IN DANGER
3 4HINGS SOMETIMES turn out UNEXPECTEDLY IN
LIFE )D NEVER HAVE IMAGINED LIVING IN A PLACE
LIKE THIS

4 3O YOURE ACTUALLY ENGAGED TO HIM 7ELL THATS
a turn-up for the books!
2 7HY DID *UDITH DECIDE TO GIVE UP HER JOB a ! VERY SICK PERSON HAS STARTED GETTING BETTER
b ! CITY LOVER HAS MOVED TO THE COUNTRYSIDE
AFTER YOU WATCH c ! TEENAGE GIRL HAS IMPROVED HER BEHAVIOUR
3 Answer the questions. d 3OMEONE IS GETTING MARRIED

1 7HAT DOES +AREN THINK ABOUT SELF HELP QUIZZES

IN MAGAZINES NOW YOU!
2 (OW DO +AREN AND *UDITH KNOW EACH OTHER 7 Talk about a time when your life took a turn for
3 7HY DOES +AREN WANT TO INTERVIEW *UDITH the better or for the worse.
4 7HAT WAS HAPPENING TO *UDITHS HEALTH IN HER
My life finally… when…
JOB ON THE FASHION MAGAZINE
10 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the following question: What are the most important decisions
you have made in your life?
1 7HAT KIND OF THINGS DO YOU THINK THEY WILL TALK ABOUT
2 7ATCH THE VIDEO TO SEE IF ANY OF YOUR IDEAS WERE MENTIONED

.ADINE $ARREN *UDE )AN 0ETER *UDY !NDY *O

9a Answer the questions. Which speaker ... ?

1 HAS BEEN MARRIED FOR A VERY LONG TIME

2 WASNT VERY HAPPY IN THEIR PREVIOUS CAREER
3 TOOK THE DECISION TO LEAVE THEIR JOB VERY QUICKLY
4 FEELS THAT GETTING MARRIED FOR A SECOND TIME IS THE MOST IMPORTANT DECISION OF THEIR LIFE
5 WASNT VERY HAPPY ABOUT ENDING THEIR MARRIAGE
6 WASNT HAPPY WITH THEIR UNIVERSITY STUDIES AND DECIDED TO GIVE UP THEIR COURSE
7 RATES HAVING A FAMILY HIGHER THAN GETTING MARRIED
8 TOOK THE DECISION TO LIVE IN ANOTHER COUNTRY

9b Tick (4) the two things the speakers did not mention.

1 GETTING MARRIED 4 PURSUING PASSION FOR COOKING 7 LEAVING THEIR COUNTRY

2 STARTING A BUSINESS 5 DROPPING OUT OF UNIVERSITY 8 GETTING DIVORCED
3 LIVING LIFE FOR 'OD 6 CHANGING CAREER 9 HAVING A FAMILY

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! 10b Use the expressions in activities 5 and 10a to
complete the gaps.
10a Match the expressions in bold (1-5) to their
meanings (a-e). +EVIN IS ONE OF THOSE PEOPLE WHO NEVER
FINISHES ANYTHING 7HEN HE WAS  HE 1x OF
Darren: ) TOOK THE DECISION TO RESIGN PRETTY SCHOOL SO HE COULDNT GO TO UNIVERSITY (E SAID
MUCH 1on the spot HE HAD TAKEN THE DECISION NOT TO CARRY ON WITH
Andy: ) DIDNT WANT TO 2carry on with MY HIS STUDIES PRETTY MUCH 2x  (OWEVER AFTER
STUDIES AT UNIVERSITY SO ) 3dropped out A FEW YEARS HE REALISED THAT HE WAS 3x IN HIS
Karen: 3O YOU JUST 4gave up THE JOB AND WALKED LIFE AND WOULD NEVER GET A DECENT JOB UNLESS
OUT HE HAD A UNIVERSITY DEGREE (E 4x HIS LOW
PAID JOB AS A WAITER AND 5x BY GOING BACK TO
Danny: !RE YOU 5at a crossroads IN YOUR LIFE SCHOOL TO FINISH HIS STUDIES (IS PARENTS THINK
THAT THINGS HAVE 6x 

a LEAVE BEFORE YOU HAVE FINISHED SCHOOL OR A

COURSE NOW YOU!
b QUICKLY WITHOUT THINKING ABOUT IT VERY MUCH 11 Discuss the question with your partner.
c CONTINUE WITH SOMETHING
(AVE YOU EVER
d TO MAKE AN IMPORTANT DECISION ABOUT YOUR FUTURE MADE A DECISION What really… was
e QUIT OR STOP DOING SOMETHING WHICH TURNED YOUR when we decided to…
LIFE AROUND

THAT’S ENGLISH! 11
Turning points

READING
1 Look at the photos of important moments in Josef Afrika:
people’s lives. Answer the questions.
1 0UT THE EVENTS IN ORDER OF IMPORTANCE FOR YOU
The turn-around Kid
!DD SOME MORE IDEAS OF YOUR OWN Sport offered Josef the chance to turn his life
2 7HY DO YOU THINK THESE EVENTS ARE TURNING around and escape from crime and violence
POINTS IN EVERYONES LIFE in one of South Africa’s most violent street
a c gangs. Here he talks to us about new lives
and second chances.

b d

2 Read the article about a young man who

reached a turning point in his life. Where would
you find this article?
1 IN A CELEBRITY GOSSIP WEBSITE OR MAGAZINE
2 ON AN EDUCATIONAL WEBSITE FOR YOUNG PEOPLE
3 ON A FOOTBALL BLOG
‘When you join the gang you can never leave – do
3 Read the article again and complete the gaps you understand? These tattoos, these numbers,
(a-f) with the missing phrases. they are there forever.’ That’s what Reno, my gang
brother, told me when I joined. I was 13 (I’d told
1 "EFORE BECOMING A GANGSTER )D PLAYED A BIT
the gang I was 15) and I’d had the gang symbol,
2 NOW WHEN ) LOOK BACK AT MY TIME AS A GANG a red star, and my lucky number 64, tattooed on
MEMBER
my arm. a… , so I just put up with the pain.
3 THEY HAD BECOME MY FAMILY
4 )T REALLY HURT WHEN THEY DID IT BUT IT WAS A TEST
5 !T FIRST MY DAD USED TO VISIT ME AT WEEKENDS
6 ) WAS SMALL AND FAST
4 4HE GANG USED *OSEF TO x 
4 Read the complete article again and choose the a SELL DRUGS b EXTORT MONEY c TAKE MESSAGES
correct option. 5 *OSEF FOUND IT DIFFICULT TO LEAVE THE GANG
BECAUSE x 
1 *OSEF JOINED A GANG WHEN HE WAS x 
a HE KNEW THEY WOULD TRY TO KILL HIM IN THE
a  b  c  FUTURE
2 4HE GANG USED TATTOOS x  b THE GANG GAVE HIM SOMETHING TO BELONG TO
a TO IDENTIFY GANG MEMBERS c ITS DANGEROUS NOT TO BE PART OF A GANG
b TO CAUSE PAIN c AS GOOD LUCK SYMBOLS 6 2EMOVING *OSEFS TATTOOS WAS SIGNIFICANT TO
3 4HE MAIN REASON WHY *OSEF JOINED A GANG WAS HIM BECAUSE x 
BECAUSE x  a THEY WERE A SYMBOL OF HIS RELATIONSHIP WITH
a HE HATED SCHOOL THE GANG
b HIS PARENTS WERENT INTERESTED IN HIM b THEY CAUSED HIM A LOT OF PAIN
c HE WANTED PROTECTION c THEY WERE PART OF HIS IDENTITY

12 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 1

I’d been gradually getting into gang culture 6a Listen to two people talking about turning
since my dad left us. I was ten years old, and points and answer the questions.
2
my life had taken a turn for the worse. b… , but
he stopped coming and my mum got a new
boyfriend and soon forgot about me. I felt angry
and started missing school and hanging out
with gang members. In the beginning, I used to
lie about what I’d been doing at school, but then,
gradually, I just stopped going home. I was with
the Dixie Kids, a gang which controlled most of
the criminal activity – drugs, prostitution – in our
neighbourhood. Everyone was afraid of them, but
as part of the gang, I felt safe. c… so they would
use me as a messenger. I had my first gun at 14 6ERONICA 4IMO
and my first prison sentence at 16. 1 7HAT WAS THE SITUATION EACH OF THEM NEEDED
TO CHANGE
In prison, I started playing football, and I was
good. The prison officers said they’d never seen 2 7HAT WAS THE EVENT THAT MADE THEM CHANGE
anyone with such natural talent. d… , but I’d never 6b Complete the summaries with the correct form
realised I had any talent with a ball. On the day I of the verbs from the box.
got out of prison, one of the officers got me a trial
with a football club. They offered me a place on break up with get into get rid of
the team, but only if I stayed away from crime. I grow out of hang out with put up with
definitely felt I’d reached a crossroads in my life. stay away from take over
Turning my back on my gang brothers wasn’t
easy: e… , and to be honest, I still haven’t grown
Veronica 1… abusive behaviour from her partner
out of the need to feel I belong somewhere.
for a long time. She often tried to 2… him, but
I knew that not many people get this kind of
always accepted him back. She realised she would
chance to turn their life round, and I’d be stupid
never have the strength to 3… him, so she moved
not to take it; f… , I see only violence and death.
to a different country.
My football coach paid to get rid of my tattoos
because he knew that if I no longer had them,
this would mean I was serious about breaking Timo 4… computers when he was about 14 years
up with the gang, and I am. The brothers are my old. He used to 5… a group of friends who were
past. Football is my future. computer geeks. His parents thought that he
would 6… his obsession with computer games,
TRACK 1
and they didn’t realise that they had 7… his life.
Recently, he 8… the last of his gaming software
because he wants to have a normal life.

5 Look at the phrasal verbs in bold in the article. 7 Tell your partner about something / someone
What do they mean? Choose the correct answer. you … .

1 PUT UP WITH avoid  accept A DIFFICULT EXPERIENCE 1 ARE GETTING INTO

2 GET INTO become involved in  ignore SOMETHING 2 WANT TO GIVE UP
3 HANG OUT WITH avoid  spend time with SOMEONE 3 HAVENT GROWN OUT OF YET
4 STAY AWAY FROM avoid  accept A SITUATION 4 WISH YOU COULD GET RID OF
5 GROW OUT OF start  stop DOING SOMETHING 5 HAVE DIFFICULTY PUTTING UP WITH
BECAUSE YOU ARE OLDER OR WISER 6 BROKE UP WITH IN THE PAST
6 GET RID OF no longer have  acquire
7 BREAK UP WITH start  end A RELATIONSHIP I’ve been really getting into
watching Kung Fu films recently.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 13
Turning points

LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Choose the correct option. 3 Complete the sentences with the time
expressions from the box.
1 3HE had felt  had been feeling DEPRESSED
SINCE MOVING TO THE COUNTRY
2 (E had served  had been serving TWO PRISON After spending To start with
SENTENCES BEFORE HE WAS  Before discovering On going back
3 3HE DISCOVERED HER SON had been taking  had later on, he realised then in the end
taken DRUGS REGULARLY
4 ) had run  had been running AWAY FROM HOME
BECAUSE ) DIDNT LIKE MY STEPMOTHER 1 x  *OSEF HAD BELIEVED THAT BEING IN A GANG
WOULD KEEP HIM SAFE x IT WAS A TRAP
Past perfect simple and past perfect continuous 2 x HIS TALENT FOR FOOTBALL *OSEF HAD NEVER
KNOWN WHAT IT FELT LIKE TO DO SOMETHING WELL
▶ Complete the rules.
3 x HOME FOR THE FIRST TIME SINCE HE GOT OUT OF
We use the … tense to talk about actions or PRISON *OSEF REALISED WHAT A SAD PLACE IT WAS
events that finished before another action or
4 *OSEF PLAYED FOR THE YOUTH TEAM FOR A YEAR x
time in the past.
HE WAS OFFERED A FOOTBALL SCHOLARSHIP IN THE
We use the … tense to talk about actions or 3TATES (E HESITATED FOR A LONG TIME BUT x HE
events that took place over a period of time DECIDED TO TAKE IT
before another action in the past. 5 x THREE YEARS STUDYING IN THE 53 *OSEF WAS
page 123
INVITED TO PLAY FOR THE 3OUTH !FRICAN NATIONAL
TEAM
2 Complete the book review with the correct form
of the verbs in brackets: past perfect simple or
past perfect continuous. On / before / after + verb -ing
We can use prepositions + verb -ing to organise
A street cat named Bob facts and events when telling a story in the past.
7HEN *AMES "OWEN MET "OB THE CAT HE 1had On seeing James and Bob together, people
just finished JUST FINISH A DRUG REHABILITATION stopped to listen.
PROGRAMME AND WAS HOMELESS HE 2x LIVE Before meeting Bob, I had been living alone.
ON THE STREETS FOR MANY YEARS (E 3x NEVER After living on the streets, James found a new
INTEND TO HAVE A PET ALTHOUGH HE 4x ALWAYS home.
LOVE ANIMALS BUT "OB GAVE *AMES NO CHOICE
page 123
"Y THE TIME *AMES FINALLY FOUND A FLAT "OB 5x
ALREADY DECIDE TO MOVE IN WITH HIM *AMES
6x EARN A LIVING AS A STREET MUSICIAN )T WAS

GETTING MORE DIFFICULT TO EARN ENOUGH MONEY 4 Rewrite the sentences using on / before / after
AND *AMES x WORRY ABOUT IT (OWEVER + verb -ing.
WHEN "OB STARTED TO COME TO WORK WITH HIM 1 !S SOON AS THEY ARRIVED THEY WENT STRAIGHT TO
*AMES IMMEDIATELY BEGAN EARNING MUCH BED
MORE
0EOPLE WHO 8x NEVER STOP TO LISTEN TO
HIM BEFORE NOW CAME TO HEAR THE MUSICIAN On arriving, they went straight to bed.
WITH THE LARGE ORANGE CAT SITTING ON HIS 2 !FTER HE HEARD THE SAD NEWS HE BECAME VERY
SHOULDER "OB ALSO GAVE *AMES A NEW SENSE OF DEPRESSED
RESPONSIBILITY @"EFORE MEETING "OB ) 9x LIVE 3 "EFORE HE MET HIS WIFE HE HAD BEEN VERY
ALONE FOR A LONG TIME LEARNING TO LOOK AFTER LONELY
HIM HAS MADE ME A NICER PERSON 4 !FTER HE GAVE UP DRUGS HIS LIFE CHANGED FOR THE
BEST
5 "EFORE HE WENT TO PRISON HE HAD WANTED TO BE
A TEACHER
6 !S SOON AS HE STOLE THE CAR HE REALISED HE WAS
IN A LOT OF TROUBLE

14 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 1

5 Choose the correct option to complete the text 7b Complete the sentences with used to or would
about habits. and a verb from the box. If both forms are
possible, use would.

! HABIT BY DEFINITION IS DIFFICULT TO 1give spend be (x2) love speak act

up  get off )N PRACTICE HOWEVER CERTAIN
HABITS MAY BE EASIER TO 2exit  quit THAN feel tell make not neglect
OTHERS &OR EXAMPLE MANY PEOPLE 3grow
over  grow out of BAD HABITS THEY HAD AS A 1 3HE would spend HOURS IN HER ROOM
CHILD SUCH AS BITING THEIR NAILS (OWEVER 2 3HE x TO US SO RUDELY THAT WE x QUITE RELIEVED
HABITS WITH PHYSICAL CONSEQUENCES ARE WHEN SHE LEFT THE ROOM
HARDER TO 4overcome  oversee )TS DIFFICULT
TO 5come off  come over DRUGS BECAUSE OF 3 3HE x OFTEN x ,AURA CRY BUT SHE ALWAYS x
THE PHYSICAL EFFECTS ! PAINFUL EMOTIONAL SUCH A NICE KIND BIG SISTER BEFORE
EVENT THAT WE HAVE NEVER 6gone over  got 4 )F #ALVIN OR ) ASKED HER TO DO ANYTHING IN THE
over CAN CAUSE HABITS SUCH AS OVEREATING HOUSE SHE x AS IF WE WERE IDIOTS
)N SUCH CASES WE MUST CONFRONT THE PAST 5 7E x EACH OTHER TO BE PATIENT
TO break out of  run out of THE NEGATIVE 6 3HE x VERY AFFECTIONATE WITH HER FATHER SHE x
PATTERN OF BEHAVIOUR GIVING HIM BIG HUGS
7 3HE x HER SCHOOL WORK /N THE CONTRARY SHE
HAD ALWAYS BEEN HARD WORKING
6a Listen to the pronunciation of these words and
repeat. 7c In which sentences from activity 7b can we use
3 both used to and would ?
1 GOOD WOULD 5 GUIDE WIDE
2 GIVE WITH 6 GOT WHAT 1 She used to spend / would spend hours in her
room.
3 GET WET 7 GIRL WHIRL
4 GATE WAIT 8 GAVE WAVE
Used to and would
▶ Choose the correct option.
Pronunciation Guide PAGE 
™ We can / can’t use used to with both state
and action verbs.
™ We can / can’t use would only with action
6b Listen and tick (4) the word you hear from verbs.
activity 6a. I used to lie about what I’d been doing at
4
school.
7a Listen to Rachel’s mum complaining about her Rachel used to be very affectionate.
daughter’s behaviour. Write down three things Rachel would speak to us so rudely.
5 she talks about. page 123

8 Write two or three sentences about things you

used to / didn’t use to / would do … .
1 WHEN YOU FIRST LEFT YOUR PARENTS HOUSE AND
WENT TO LIVE INDEPENDENTLY
When I first left my parents’ house, I used to
phone my mum every day. I would also visit
them at least once a week, but I didn’t use to
stay very long.
2 WHEN YOU GOT YOUR FIRST CAR
3 AT THE BEGINNING OF YOUR RELATIONSHIP WITH YOUR
PARTNER  BEST FRIEND
4 WHEN YOU WERE YOUNGER AND MORE IDEALISTIC

THAT’S ENGLISH! 15
Turning points

B A change is as good as a rest

DOCUMENTARY THAT’S IRELAND
1 Which person is more like you? Why? 5 Try and match the names of these famous
places in Dublin to the photos.
1 ) GET VERY BORED IF THINGS STAY THE SAME ) REACT
WELL TO CHANGE )D HATE TO HAVE THE SAME JOB 1 4
ALL MY LIFE
2 ) PREFER THINGS TO STAY THE SAME ) LIKE STABILITY
IN MY LIFE AND FIND IT HARD TO ADAPT TO CHANGE
)D PREFER TO HAVE THE SAME JOB THROUGHOUT MY
WORKING LIFE

2 Watch the documentary and choose the correct

option. 2 5

1 4ERRI "ODELL HELPS PEOPLE TO x 

a CHANGE THEIR LIVES b ADAPT TO CHANGE
2 7YN WAS INSPIRED TO CHANGE HIS LIFE BY x 
a A FAMILY HOLIDAY b BECOMING 
3 4HE 3HAKER COMMUNITY ARE FAMOUS FOR x 
3 6
a THEIR RELIGION b THEIR FURNITURE
4 -ARY &RANK SELLS COFFEE FROM AREAS WHERE x 
a THERE IS A WAR b THERE HAS BEEN A WAR
5 3HE USED TO WORK AS x 
a A TEACHER b AN ENGINEER
6 3HE GAVE UP HER JOB BECAUSE SHE WANTED TO x  a /#ONNELL "RIDGE d 'ENERAL 0OST /FFICE
a IMPORT COFFEE b HELP PEOPLE b 4RINITY #OLLEGE ,IBRARY e 7ELLINGTON -ONUMENT
7 4URNING POINTS CAN x  c $UBLIN #ASTLE f .ATIONAL 'ALLERY
a CHANGE THE WAY WE SEE OURSELVES
b BRING US CLOSER TO PEOPLE 6 Watch the video and check your answers. In
what order does Aidan visit the places?

SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES 7 Watch again and decide if the sentences are
3 Listen to the speakers talking about decisive true (4) or false (7). Correct the false ones.
moments in their country’s history. Tick (4) the
1 4HE %ASTER 2ISING WAS A REBELLION AGAINST
things they mention.
"RITISH RULE IN )RELAND
1 THE DISCOVERY OF THEIR COUNTRY 2 $UBLIN #ASTLE IS A MEDIEVAL CASTLE
2 A FAMINE 3 4RINITY #OLLEGE WAS FOUNDED BY WRITERS SUCH AS
3 INDEPENDENCE *ONATHAN 3WIFT
4 THE END OF A DICTATORSHIP 4 0HOENIX 0ARK IS MUCH BIGGER THAN #ENTRAL 0ARK
5 A CIVIL WAR 5 4HE .ATIONAL 'ALLERY ONLY HAS WORKS BY )RISH
ARTISTS
6 THE )NDUSTRIAL 2EVOLUTION
6 -OST TOURISTS COME TO4EMPLE "AR TO ENJOY THE
7 THE END OF SLAVERY CULTURAL ACTIVITIES
8 A NATURAL DISASTER
9 A TERRORIST ATTACK NOW YOU!
10 A PEACE AGREEMENT
8 What are some of the decisive moments in your
4 Now match the relevant events from activity 3 country’s history?
to the countries (a-e). For some countries there
is more than one event. One of the most decisive moments was
the discovery of America in… because…
a 53! c #ANADA e %NGLAND Another significant event was…
b )RELAND d !USTRALIA

16 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 1
SKILLS WORK
1a Complete journalist Malcolm Gladwell’s definition of a ‘tipping point’ with the words from
the box.

idea behaviour global turning point

The ‘tipping point’ is just another

expression for ‘…’ . It’s the ‘magic moment’
when an … , trend or social … stops being GLADWELL, MALCOLM
0UBLISHED BY ,ITTLE
small and goes … .
"ROWN AND #OMPANY
-ARCH 

6 Now listen to the beginning of an interview about Gladwell’s theories and check.

1b Listen to the rest of the interview. Match the factors (1-3) to the explanations (A-C) and the
examples (a-c).
7
Factor Reason why it became popular:
1 ,AW OF THE &EW A )T WAS IN THE RIGHT PLACE AT THE RIGHT TIME
2 4HE 3TICKINESS &ACTOR B ! FEW VERY INFLUENTIAL PEOPLE PROMOTED IT
3 4HE 0OWER OF #ONTEXT C )T WAS DIFFERENT OR UNIQUE

Example
a Sesame Street b .EW9ORK #ITYS c (USH 0UPPIES
VIOLENT CRIME
CAMPAIGN

2 Read about the tipping point for the reduction of crime in New York City and answer the
questions.

Case study: The tipping point for New York City

Not many years ago, New York City used to be an up by getting rid of the graffiti on the trains and
extremely violent place. In 1990, its murder rate putting police officers in subway stations to protect
had been one of the highest in the world, but by passengers. New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani’s
the beginning of this century, it had dropped by famous ‘broken windows’ policy, which consisted
a remarkable 56%, and NYC is now a much safer of cleaning up neglected areas and repairing broken
city. So what was responsible for this amazing windows in abandoned buildings, also helped to
turnaround and what was the tipping point? transform the environment. Giuliani adopted a
Gladwell says that a combination of a number of policy of ‘zero tolerance’ towards street crime, for
small but crucial factors coincided to cause this example, by clearing areas where street gangs used
incredible transformation. The first factor was that to hang out.
the city had decided to concentrate on factors that Gladwell believes that these small changes created
affected the immediate environment. For years, the context for greater change and were the tipping
New Yorkers had been putting up with a dangerous point which made it possible for the city to turn its
and dirty subway system. The city cleaned it back forever on its violent past.
TRACK 8

1 7HEN DID .EW9ORK HAVE THE HIGHEST MURDER RATE IN THE WORLD (OW LONG DID THIS TAKE TO CHANGE
2 7HAT WAS THE PROBLEM WITH THE SUBWAY SYSTEM AND WHAT DID 'IULIANI DO TO CHANGE IT
3 7HAT DID 'IULIANI DO TO IMPROVE THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE STREETS OF THE CITY

3 Think of big changes you’ve made in your life (e.g. where to study, a change of job) and the
tipping point for making them. Write a description of what happened (100-120 words). Use the
model in activity 2 to help you.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 
Turning points

SPEAKING
1 What bad habits do you find most annoying in other people (e.g. always being late, smoking,
gossiping, etc.)? Tell your partner.

I really hate it when people gossip, especially at work. Me too! Especially when…

2a What bad habits do you think the people in the photos have?

a b

2b Listen to Courtney and T. Wolff talking about their habits and answer the questions.

9 1 7HICH OF THE FOLLOWING DOES not DESCRIBE #OURTNEYS FEELINGS WHEN SHE SHOPS
a HAPPY b SAD c COOL
2 (OW DOES4 7OLFF FEEL WHEN HE THINKS ABOUT THROWING SOMETHING AWAY
a PROUD b EMPTY c ANXIOUS

3a Complete the gaps in the text with the information you have heard. Then listen and check.

9
1 It started as a cool thing to do WITH 2 7HEN ) WAS 6  I got into the habit OF
MY 1  THEN IT BECAME SOMETHING )  THINGS !T FIRST ) JUST USED TO KEEP

DID TO FEEL 2  whenever ) BROKE UP IMPORTANT THINGS but the time came
WITH A 3  I would make myself feel when I crossed the line .OW I can’t bear
better by 4  ) KNOW )M 5 MORE the thought of 8 SOMETHING AWAY ! PART
THAN ) SHOULD BUT once I’ve started, OF ME CANT BELIEVE )M LIKE THIS BUT I just
that’s it can’t seem to stop myself

COURTNEY WAINWRIGHT ,EGAL !SSISTANT T. WOLFF 0ROFESSOR OF ,ITERATURE

AGE   SHOPAHOLIC AGE   HOARDER

3b Look at the expressions in bold from activity 3a. Complete the gaps (a-g) with expressions
that describe:
1 HOW THE HABIT STARTED a It started as a cool thing to do b…
2 FEELINGS OF LACK OF CONTROL c x dx e…
3 THE LINK BETWEEN THE HABIT AND EMOTIONS f x g …

Interaction: describing a bad habit

4 Make notes about any (invented) bad habits you want to give up. Include the following:
s HOW THE HABIT STARTED AND DEVELOPED
s WHAT YOU DO AND YOUR FEELINGS WHEN YOU ARE DOING IT
s YOUR FEELINGS OF LACK OF CONTROL

5a Listen to Courtney asking someone for advice about her habit. Who is she talking to: her
credit card company or a friend?
10

18 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 1

5b Match the beginnings of the expressions for asking for and giving advice (1-6) to the endings (a-f).

1 7HATEVER YOU DO a THE BETTER

2 4HE SOONER YOU CONTACT YOUR BANK b HADNT YOU
3 (AVE YOU THOUGHT OF c DONT HIDE FROM THE PROBLEM
4 9OUD BETTER GET RID OF YOUR CREDIT CARDS d ANY POINTERS
5 (ELP ME e SELLING SOME OF YOUR DESIGNER CLOTHES
6 #AN YOU GIVE ME f OUT HERE PLEASE

10 Listen and check.

Review of expressions of advice PAGE 

6a Listen and complete the sentences to express reassurance.

11 1 #OME ON ITS PROBABLY NOT AS x AS YOU THINK 4 )M SURE EVERYTHING WILL x ALL RIGHT
2 9OULL BE x  5 $ONT x  ) KNOW ) AM

3 x UP

Expressing reassurance
We offer reassurance when people are worried and
need help. Intonation is very important to show you
are interested and concerned about the problem.
Don’t worry!
If we stress don’t we sound kind. If we stress worry
we sound annoyed.
page 124

6b Listen again to the sentences from activity 6a. What words are stressed?

11
Now listen again and repeat.

7a Work with a partner. Talk about a bad habit you want to give up. Use your notes from activity 4.

A: TALK ABOUT HOW THE HABIT STARTED AND DEVELOPED B: GIVE ADVICE AND REASSURE
AND ASK FOR ADVICE
Well, the sooner you do something
It started as a cool thing to do with my about it, the better. But if you take
friends. Whenever I felt bad, it would positive action, you’ll be fine.
make me feel better. I think it’s gone
too far. What can I do?

B: GIVE ADVICE AND REASSURE

A: TALK ABOUT WHAT YOU DO AND HOW YOU FEEL
ABOUT IT AND ASK FOR MORE ADVICE
Well, whatever you do, don’t give
Buying lots of things worked for a while, up. Come on, it’s probably not as
but now I really want to stop. Help me bad as you think.
out here, please!
B: REASSURE
A: TALK ABOUT YOUR FEELINGS OF LACK OF CONTROL
Cheer up, you’ll be fine! I’m sure
Yes, but I feel I’ve lost control over my life. everything will turn out all right.

7b Change roles with your partner. Use a variety of expressions.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 19
UNIT
2 In the market
s4O CONTRAST INFORMATION ABOUT DIFFERENT

OBJECTIVES
TYPES OF BUSINESS
s4O UNDERSTAND INFORMATION ON THE SETTING
UP OF BUSINESSES

A Money doesn't grow on trees

BEFORE YOU WATCH 2 'ARY SAYS PROFITS ARE NOT THAT IMPORTANT IN THE
SHORT TERM
1 Match the pictures (1-4) to the expressions (a-d). 3 !NTHONY WOULD SERVE  ORGANIC BEEF BURGERS
1 3 IN HIS RESTAURANT AND MAKE HIS OWN CHIPS
4 !NTHONY THINKS 'ARY WANTS TO MAKE MONEY FAST

4 Answer the questions.

1 7HAT DOES !NTHONY THINK IS VERY DIFFICULT TO FIND
2 4 2 7HY DOES +IRSTY THINK 'RANT WOULD MAKE A
GOOD BUSINESS PARTNER FOR !NTHONY
3 7HAT DOES !NTHONY SUGGEST TO 'RANT THAT THEY
SHOULD DO
4 7HAT MIGHT 'ARY DO IF HIS NEW BUSINESS DEAL
IS A SUCCESS
a LONG AND SHORT TERM PROFITS
b DRAW UP A BUSINESS PLAN 5 Match the two parts of the sentences to form
c RUN A BUSINESS Gary and Kirsty’s business advice.
d GO INTO BUSINESS WITH SOMEONE
1 .EVER GO INTO
2 4HE THING TO DO IS MEET HIM
WHILE YOU WATCH
a BUSINESS WITH A MEMBER OF YOUR FAMILY
2 Answer the questions.
b HIS NAMES 'RANT

6 Use the words in the box to complete Kirsty's

business advice.

business plan make sure agreement

financial must objectives business partner

1 7HAT KIND OF BUSINESS DOES !NTHONY WANT TO 9OU AND YOUR x REALLY SHOULD SHARE THE SAME
SET UP 2x 
3x YOU OUTLINE THE PARTNERSg INDIVIDUAL ROLES

AND THE 4x CONDITIONS IN A WRITTEN 5x 

!ND DONgT FORGET THE 6x 9OU 7x DRAW ONE UP
FOR THE BANK

NOW YOU!
2 7HAT IS +IRSTYS FINAL PIECE OF ADVICE TO !NTHONY 7 Give some business advice to Angela and Charles.
AND 'RANT
1 !NGELA HAS AN IDEA FOR Make sure you...
AFTER YOU WATCH A BUSINESS BUT ISNgT because…Otherwise
SURE WHAT TO DO NEXT you may...
3 Decide if the sentences are true (4) or false (7).
Correct the false ones. 2 #HARLES ISNgT SURE
WHERE HE SHOULD The right thing to do is...
1 'ARY DOESNgT THINK ITgS ALL THAT IMPORTANT THAT and you really should...
LOCATE HIS BUSINESS
HE LOST MONEY ON HIS BUSINESS DEAL

20 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the following questions: If you could set up a business, what
kind of business would it be? Why?
1 4HINK OF TWO TYPES OF BUSINESSES THEY MIGHT MENTION
2 7ATCH THE VIDEO TO SEE IF ANY OF YOUR IDEAS WERE MENTIONED

$ARREN .IP ,AUREN )AN +AREN 0ETER !NDY 2OSIE

9a Answer the questions.

1 7HY DOES .IP FEEL THAT THEREgS AN OPPORTUNITY FOR BUSINESS IN THE HEALTHCARE SECTOR
2 7HAT DOES ,AUREN THINK SHE MIGHT BE GOOD AT
3 7HAT KIND OF FOOD WOULD )AN LIKE TO SERVE IF HE RAN A RESTAURANT
4 7HAT WOULD !NDY NEED TO OPEN HIS OWN HAIRDRESSING SALON

9b Darren, Karen and Rosie have all set up their own businesses. Match each speaker to their
business.
1 A COMPANY WHICH SELLS THINGS ONLINE
2 A MARKETING COMPANY
3 A COMPANY WHICH PROVIDES TRAINING COURSES

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! 10b Use the words or expressions in activity 10a to
complete the gaps.
10a Look at what was said in the Street Interviews.
Match the words or expressions in bold (1-7) to *OHN IS WORKING AS A TEACHER AT THE MOMENT
their meanings (a-g). BUT   THOUGH NOT MANY PEOPLE KNOW IT
HE 2x CARS AND DREAMS OF BEING ABLE TO 3
Darren: !T THE MOMENT WEgRE actually A COMPANY WHICH IS 4x SELLING PARTS FOR OLD
DEVELOPING A BUSINESS CARS 5x  (E THINKS THERE IS A LOT OF 6x FOR
Nip: 4HEREgS A LOT OF 2scope AT THE MOMENT DEVELOPMENT IN THIS AREA (OWEVER HE WOULD
NEED TO GET 7x MONEY FROM THE BANK TO START
Karen: )gVE BEEN VERY FORTUNATE TO BE ABLE TO
3set up and run SOMETHING THAT ) REALLY
4have a passion for
NOW YOU!
Andy: ) NEED 5a good lump of MONEY TO START
11 Answer the questions using some of the words
Rosie: )T WAS 6all to do with MY ARTWORK SELLING and expressions from the Street Interviews.
IT 7online
1 7HAT KIND OF BUSINESS WOULD YOU LIKE TO SET UP
AND RUN
a CREATE AND MANAGE
I have a passion for... so I'd love to...
b CONNECTED WITH
a company which is all to do with...
c LOVE
d IN FACT  REALLY 2 7OULD YOU ASK A BANK FOR A LOAN TO SET UP YOUR
e A LARGE QUANTITY OF OWN BUSINESS
f POTENTIAL
Everyone needs a... because...
g ON THE )NTERNET

THAT’S ENGLISH! 
In the market

READING
The success – and failure – of
1a Which of the following do you think are
important if you want to succeed with a new the world’s oldest company
business?
1 HAVE AN ORIGINAL IDEA
2 RESEARCH THE COMPETITION
3 HAVE A LOT OF CAPITAL
4 ONLY CONCENTRATE ON SHORT TERM PROFIT
5 THINK LONG TERM

1b Listen to Joni Pitt, who runs a consultancy

service for people starting their own small
12 businesses, and check your answers.

2 Read the first paragraph about the oldest What do you need to do to make sure your
business in the world. Where do you think you business stays successful? Lots of people would
would find this text? like to know the answer to that question: could the
oldest company in the world have the answers?
1 ON A WEBSITE ABOUT HOW TO MAKE MONEY
QUICKLY a … , it has stayed in business for over 1,400 years,
2 IN A BUSINESS MAGAZINE and specialises in building Buddhist temples.
3 IN TECHNICAL MATERIAL FOR BUSINESS STUDENTS The Shitennoji temple in Osaka, still standing
4 IN A BLOG today, was the company’s first job and the
Kongõ family have repaired and maintained the
3 Use the missing first lines (1-3) to complete the temple for more than 1,000 years. One reason
paragraphs (a-c) in the article. for this company’s long life is that the temple-
1 ,UCKILY 4AKAMATSU A *APANESE CONSTRUCTION building market is very stable: the demand for
FIRM BOUGHT +ONGÜ 'UMIS assets Buddhist temples doesn’t fluctuate greatly, and
2 4HIS ANCIENT COMPANY IS A *APANESE FAMILY there isn’t a lot of competition. Also because it
BUSINESS CALLED +ONGÜ 'UMI ORIGINALLY set up takes ten years to train Kongõ Gumi employees,
IN  they have unique skills and expertise. So, if you
3 )N  TEMPLE BUILDING BUSINESSES WERE STILL want a Buddhist temple, they are definitely the
running at a profit AND people to speak to! However, despite being very
specialised, the company can be flexible too.
4 Read the article again. Decide if the statements For example, when there wasn’t much demand
are true (4) or false (7). Correct the false ones. for Buddhist temples during the Second World
1 +ONGÜ 'UMI HAS EXISTED FOR OVER A THOUSAND War, the company temporarily changed their
YEARS activity to making coffins.
2 4HE BUSINESS OPERATES IN AN UNSTABLE VERY b … Kongõ Gumi had over 100 employees and an
COMPETITIVE MARKET
annual revenue of ¥7.5 billion ($70 million). But
3 4HE COMPANYS SUCCESS IS PARTLY BECAUSE OF
THE SKILLS OF ITS EMPLOYEES AND THE HIGH QUALITY
then, only a year later, the company suddenly and
OF ITS PRODUCTS surprisingly lost a lot of money and went into
4 4HE MANAGERS OF THE COMPANY ARE NOT VERY liquidation. So what had happened? Apparently,
FLEXIBLE AND NEVER WANT TO CHANGE ANYTHING in the 1980s, instead of ploughing back their
5 )N  THE COMPANY WENT INTO LIQUIDATION profits into the business as they had always done
6 )T IS NOW OWNED BY A LARGE *APANESE REAL before, Kongõ Gumi had invested their profits in
ESTATE COMPANY the housing market and also borrowed money
7 ,OTS OF COMPANIES IN THE S MADE SIMILAR from banks to buy more buildings. Unfortunately,
MISTAKES TO THE ONE MADE BY THE MANAGERS OF when the value of property decreased in the 90s,
+ONGÜ 'UMI the buildings lost their value and Kongõ Gumi
weren’t able to keep up the repayments on
their loans to the banks.

22 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 2
c … and made it possible for the oldest business
in the world to stay in business. Takamatsu 6a Listen to Cara and Felix talking about their new
businesses. Answer the questions.
even asked a member of the Kongõ family to 14
run the day-to-day business operations. It is
very sad that a 1,400-year-old business lost
its independence in this way, and modern
companies should take note: don’t take on debt
if you don’t have to. In the 80s and 90s, it was
normal for businesses to borrow lots of money,
but companies mustn’t take this kind of risk if it
isn’t absolutely necessary. The other important
lesson to be learned is to do what you know best
and stay with what you know. Kongõ Gumi’s
expertise was the key to its long success. It has
always been good at temple construction: it still
is. It just wasn’t so good at buying and selling
property.
TRACK 13

5 Complete the dos and don’ts for success in

business with the expressions in bold from
activity 3 and the article. Make any necessary
changes.

1 7HAT KIND OF BUSINESS DOES EACH PERSON HAVE

DOS AND DON'TS FOR SUCCESS
2 7HO HAS BEEN SUCCESSFUL AND WHO HAS HAD
IN BUSINESS PROBLEMS

DOs 6b Listen again. Who did what? Complete (4) the

plough table.
DO back your profits INTO THE 14
COMPANY EG INVEST MORE IN MARKETING Cara Felix
PURCHASE BETTER EQUIPMENT
STARTED WITH VERY FEW ASSETS 4
DO get as much expert advice as you can before TOOK OUT A LOAN FOR THE RENT 4
you 2... your business.
OFFERED FLEXIBILITY
DO make sure that your employees have the
HAD UNIQUE EXPERTISE
necessary 3… and 4… in important areas like IT.
HAD STRONG COMMUNICATION
DO plan carefully: 50% of new businesses 5… into ... SKILLS
after only one year, and 80% after five years.
WAS PROFITABLE IMMEDIATELY
WAS PROFITABLE WITHIN A YEAR
DON'Ts
EMPLOYED MORE PEOPLE
DON’T take on too much debt or you may have
difficulty in 6… . MIGHT EMPLOY MORE PEOPLE
PLOUGHED THE PROFITS BACK INTO
DON’T panic if it takes some time before you start to
7... . THE BUSINESS
Most businesses begin by making a loss.
DON’T forget to buy insurance for important 8… 7 Think of three things you would do and three
such as buildings, machinery and equipment. things you wouldn’t do if you were starting your
own small business. Compare with a partner.
DON’T be too optimistic. Calculate what you expect
your 9… to be in the first year and then divide it in
two. I wouldn’t borrow any money from my family
or friends. I'd work from home. I…

THAT’S ENGLISH! 23
In the market

LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) to 3b Complete the sentences with the correct form
the endings (a-f) to tell the story of a business. of the word in brackets.
1 7E set up OUR COMPUTER COMPANY 1 7E NEED TO CONSIDER LOWERING OUR PRICES IN
2 %VEN THOUGH THE FIRST YEAR WAS VERY HARD ORDER TO BE MORE x IN THE MARKET COMPETE
3 !FTER SIX YEARS WE WERE DOING SO WELL 2 "UYING ALL THAT EQUIPMENT WOULD BE A HUGE x
FOR US CAN WE AFFORD IT INVEST
4 -Y PARTNER WANTED TO ACCEPT THE OFFER BUT )
DIDNT WANT TO sell out BECAUSE 3 4HE FACTORY WONT BE x UNTIL THE NEW
MACHINERY IS INSTALLED OPERATE
5 ) OFFERED TO BUY HIS HALF OF THE COMPANY BUT
WE COULDNT AGREE ON A PRICE 4 4HIS BUSINESS WILL ONLY REMAIN x AS LONG AS AIR
TRANSPORT STAYS CHEAP PROFIT
6 !FTER MONTHS OF ARGUMENTS WE REALISED WE
COULD NO LONGER WORK TOGETHER 5 (OW MUCH DO WE x OUR CUSTOMERS VALUABLE
6 4HESE POLITICAL PROBLEMS ARE AFFECTING THE x OF
a HE THOUGHT ) WAS TRYING TO rip HIM off THE MARKET STABLE
b AND DECIDED TO close down THE COMPANY
c SOON AFTER LEAVING UNIVERSITY 4a Listen to a talk about Finnish and Saudi business
culture. Complete the table.
d THAT WE HAD AN OFFER FROM A LARGER COMPANY 15
WHO WANTED TO take US over
Main business
e AS WE GOT MORE WORK WE BEGAN TO break even Population
activity
f ) LOVED RUNNING MY OWN COMPANY AND WANTED
TO CONTINUE Finland
1c Saudi
Arabia
2 Match the phrasal verbs in bold from activity 1
to the definitions.
4b Complete the tips about doing business in
1 TO START A COMPANY set up Saudi Arabia and Finland with the words from
2 TO TAKE CHARGE OF A COMPANY the box.
3 TO CHEAT
4 TO MAKE AS MUCH MONEY AS YOU SPEND apologise remember don’t be
5 TO SELL YOUR SHARES AND INTERESTS IN A COMPANY don’t expect don’t interrupt don’t feel
6 TO TERMINATE THE BUSINESS OF A COMPANY should call should try be
mustn’t show don’t have to make
3a Complete the table of word formation. Use a
dictionary to help you.

Noun Verb Adjective

COMPETITION compete COMPETITIVE
COMPETITOR
2… INVEST IN
INVESTOR
3… LEND
STABILITY STABILISE 4…
FINLAND
5… EXPERT
Meetings: Don’t be LATE FOR A MEETING IN
EXPERT &INLAND &INNS ARE VERY PUNCTUAL AND EXPECT
VALUE VALUE 6… THE SAME OF OTHERS )F YOU ARE DELAYED YOU
2x OR SEND A MESSAGE !LWAYS 3x AND GIVE
OPERATION 7… OPERATIONAL THE TIME OF YOUR ARRIVAL
… ADAPT ADAPTABLE Communication: &INNS ARE COMFORTABLE
FLEXIBILITY … WITH SILENCE SO YOU 4x SMALL TALK TO FILL IN
ANY PAUSES IN THE CONVERSATION 5x PEOPLE
PROFIT PROFIT …
WHEN THEY ARE TALKING BECAUSE THIS IS
CONSIDERED EXTREMELY RUDE
Review of word formation PAGE 

24 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 2

6 Rewrite these sentences using reduced relative

clauses and the structure in brackets.
1 4HOSE SEATS ARE FOR PEOPLE who need SPECIAL
ASSISTANCE PRESENT PARTICIPLE
SAUDI ARABIA Those seats are for people needing special
assistance.
Meetings: 6x MEETINGS IN 3AUDI !RABIA TO
START OR FINISH ON TIME 9OU 7x IMPATIENCE 2 4HE PHOTOCOPIER IS IN THE SUPPLY ROOM which
BECAUSE IT WILL NOT BE UNDERSTOOD ATTITUDES is NEXT TO THE CANTEEN OMISSION
TO TIME ARE MORE FLEXIBLE THAN IN %UROPE SO 3 4HERE ARE PEOPLE FOR EXAMPLE THE ELDERLY
ALWAYS x FLEXIBLE ABOUT TIME AND THOSE who live ALONE WHO WILL FIND THIS
Communication: x THAT !RABIC IS A PRODUCT VERY USEFUL PRESENT PARTICIPLE
LANGUAGE OF HYPERBOLE AND COMPLIMENTING 4 4HE TEAM LEADER IS THE PERSON who you must
OTHERS IS NATURAL SO x EMBARRASSED IF go TO IF YOU HAVE A PROBLEM TO  INFINITIVE
YOUR !RABIC BUSINESS PARTNER COMPLIMENTS 5 4HE PRODUCT which was aimed AT YOUNGER
YOU A LOT 9OU x AND COMPLIMENT YOUR PEOPLE WASNT VERY POPULAR PAST PARTICIPLE
HOST AND HIS ORGANISATION IN RETURN 6 (ELEN IS THE ONLY PERSON who ought to lead
THE TEAM SHES THE MOST EXPERIENCED TO 
INFINITIVE
Review of giving instructions PAGE 
7 Reduce the relative clauses in the sentences.
5 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-4) to
the endings (a-d). 1 The Managing Director is the person who is in
charge of the company.
1 4HE WOMAN TALKING ON THE PHONE 2 )F YOU WANT TO INCREASE YOUR PROFITS %UGENE IS
2 )F YOU NEED HELP WITH THE COMPUTER +IM IS THE THE PERSON WHO YOU NEED TO HIRE
PERSON 3 )VE GOT A REPORT HERE WHICH WAS WRITTEN BY
3 4HE MAIN OFFICES ARE IN THE CITY CENTRE WHICH IS EXPERTS IN THE FIELD
 KM AWAY 4 #OULD YOU GIVE THE PAPERS TO THE SECRETARY
4 4HE LAST BUSINESS ) SET UP WHO IS SITTING OVER THERE
5 4HE LATEST NEGOTIATIONS WHICH WE SHOULD PAY
a THEY ARE QUITE CLOSE TO HERE ATTENTION TO ARE CRUCIAL TO THE SUCCESS OF OUR
b TO TALK TO SHES THE )4 EXPERT TRIP

c WASNT VERY SUCCESSFUL 6 4HE WOMAN WHO WAS LEADING THE PROJECT WAS
d IS MY BOSS MY BOSSS EX GIRLFRIEND

Reduced relative clauses 8a Listen to the differences between the /b/ and
▶ Match the rules (1-4) to the sentences (a-d). /v/ sound in these pairs of words.
16
1 Verbs in the active voice reduce to the present 1 VAN BAN 5 VICE BUYS
participle (-ing). 2 VASE BARS 6 VERY BURY
2 Verbs in the passive voice reduce to the past 3 VOICE BOYS 7 VET BET
participle. 4 VAT BAT 8 VOTE BOAT
3 Verbs containing have to (or equivalent verbs,
like should or must) reduce to an infinitive Listen again and repeat.
16
with to.
4 The relative pronoun and the verb be followed
Pronunciation Guide PAGE 
by a prepositional phrase can be omitted.
a This ancient company is a Japanese family
business, (which was) originally set up in 597. 8b Listen to the words. Tick (4) the word they say
b The employees are in the meeting room (which first in the recording.
is) on the first floor. 17
c The Shitennoji temple, (which still stands) still 1 VAN BAN 5 VICE BUYS
standing today, was their first job. 2 VASE BARS 6 VERY BURY
d If you want a Buddhist temple, they are 3 VOICE BOYS 7 VET BET
definitely the people (who you should) to 4 VAT BAT 8 VOTE BOAT
speak to.
page 126

THAT’S ENGLISH! 25
In the market

B Open for business

DOCUMENTARY THAT’S IRELAND
1 Look at the pictures and answer the questions. 4 Listen to Aidan singing a famous Irish song and
Then watch the documentary and check your put the lines in order. Who was Molly Malone?
answers.

1 ) FIRST SET MY EYES ON SWEET -OLLY -ALONE

2 AS SHE WHEELED HER WHEELBARROW
3 IN $UBLINS FAIR CITY
4 THROUGH THE STREETS BROAD AND NARROW
5 WHERE THE GIRLS ARE SO PRETTY
6 CRYING COCKLES AND MUSSELS ALIVE ALIVE OH

1 7HAT TYPE OF BUSINESSES DO *AMES AND ,ISA 5 Answer the questions.

HAVE
2 7HAT KIND OF PROBLEMS DO YOU THINK THEY HAD 1 7HY DO PEOPLE COME TO 'RAFTON 3TREET
WHEN SETTING UP THEIR COMPANIES 2 7HAT DID -ARION "UTLER WANT TO CREATE THROUGH
HER CHOCOLATES
2 Watch the documentary again. Write J (James), 3 7HAT PRODUCT WAS 3AMUEL "EWLEY THE FIRST
L (Lisa) or P (Paul) next to the corresponding MAN TO IMPORT INTO )RELAND
statement.
6 Complete the leaflet.
4HIS PERSON
1 SET UP THE BUSINESS AFTER BEING MADE
REDUNDANT
2 RECEIVED BUSINESS ADVICE
3 WORKED PREVIOUSLY IN ARTS AND EDUCATION
4 SAYS ITS HARD TO GET FINANCIAL SUPPORT BUT NOT
IMPOSSIBLE
5 HASNT MADE A PROFIT YET
6 WANTS TO KEEP EXPANDING THE BUSINESS
7 HOPES TO GET FINANCIAL SUPPORT FROM A The Guinness Storehouse
GOVERNMENT BODY #OME TO THE 'UINNESS 3TOREHOUSE AND FIND OUT
8 THINKS ENTREPRENEURS HELP STIMULATE THE ABOUT THE HISTORY OF )RELANDS MOST FAMOUS x

ECONOMY 6ISIT THE EXCITING 2x EXHIBITION AND LEARN ABOUT
9 IS REALLY ENJOYING RUNNING A BUSINESS THE INGREDIENTS THE 3x AND THE ADVERTISING OF
THIS ICONIC DRINK 'ET YOUR 4x OF 'UINNESS IN
THE 'RAVITY "AR WHILE ENJOYING THE FABULOUS 5x
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES OF $UBLIN ,EARN THE SIX STEPS TO 6x THE PERFECT
PINT AND TAKE HOME YOUR 7x TO PROVE IT

3 Listen to the speakers talking about setting up
a business in their country and complete the
missing words.
NOW YOU!
1 )N THE 53! THEY VALUE ex 
7 Is it easy to set up a business in your country?
2 )N 3OUTH !FRICA THE GOVERNMENT GIVES A LOT OF Why (not)?
SUPPORT TO s BUSINESSES
3 )N *AMAICA IT CAN BE DIFFICULT TO FIND THE cx  In my country it’s quite difficult / easy…
4 )N )NDIA IT TAKES  DAYS TO ox A BUSINESS One advantage is… However, …
5 )N %NGLAND YOU CAN GO TO TALKS ON fx 

26 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 2
SKILLS WORK
1a Read about the Rolling Stones and answer the questions.

1 7HAT WAS THE BAND|S REPUTATION IN THE S !ND NOW

2 7HY DIDNT THEY EARN MUCH MONEY WHEN THEY FIRST BECAME SUCCESSFUL
3 (OW DID THEY MANAGE TO CHANGE THE SITUATION AND BECOME RICH

The Rolling Stones: the best band in business?

When the Rolling Stones, the band which for many giving away the legal rights to all their early songs)
represents the essence of rock and roll, first came to the Stones also found it impossible: ‘everyone would
the USA in 1964, people were nervous. ‘Would you just steal every penny you’ve got.’
let your daughter marry a Rolling Stone?’ asked the
The Stones took control in the 70s by employing a
newspapers, reflecting the group’s bad-boy status
new manager, Rupert Lowenstein, who took over
and wild reputation. Fifty years later, the Stones are
their assets and restructured the band as a company.
still making music, but they are no longer symbols of
Understandably, they appreciate his expertise: it has
youth and rebellion. Now they are the multi-millionaire
made them rich, but some criticise the Stones for
representatives of ‘a global megabrand’ worth around
adopting the ethics of corporate big business. How is
$170 billion. What happened?
it, for example, that they pay so little tax on their huge
According to singer Mick Jagger, the band had to learn revenues? Nobody really knows because, as journalist
to be good businessmen because they had been so Clive James recently remarked, ‘the truth about the
badly ripped off. ‘I’ll never forget the deals I did in Stones these days is that they are a highly successful
the 60s, which were just terrible,’ he says. The band corporation whose methods, like those of Google or

(online source)
wanted to be creative, not make business deals, but Microsoft, are not really open for comment unless you
(like the Beatles who famously signed a contract have legal representation.’
TRACK 18

1b Read the last paragraph again. What could 4 -ICK *AGGER AND +EITH 2ICHARDS HAVE WRITTEN
happen if you tried to find out about or criticise x
the Stones’ business methods? a OVER  SONGS DURING THEIR CAREER
b MORE THAN  SONGS c NEARLY  SONGS
2a Listen to an interview with Harvard business 5 7HEN PEOPLE WANT TO USE THE 3TONES MATERIAL
expert Reno Jai about the Stones’ success in IN FILMS46 OR ADVERTS THE BAND x 
19 business. Tick (4) the things he talks about.
a HAS A PROTECTIVE ATTITUDE
TOURS HATS AND4 SHIRTS b USUALLY CHARGES HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF
STADIUMS PERFORMING RIGHTS DOLLARS
SECURITY LIVE PERFORMANCES c WILL ONLY GIVE PERMISSION TO COMPANIES SUCH
AS -ICROSOFT
FAN CLUBS PAYING TAXES
3 Work with a partner. Each chooses one of the
2b Listen again and choose the best option.
businesses below. Give each other advice (dos
19 1 7HEN THEY ARE ON TOUR THE 3TONES INVEST A LOT and don’ts) on how to succeed.
OF TIME AND MONEY IN x 
a SPECTACULAR LIVE PERFORMANCES a restaurant a language school
b BIG STADIUMS c LEGAL CONTRACTS a rock band a fashion boutique a spa
2 -ICK *AGGER MARKS ON HIS CALENDAR THE DAY
WHEN A TOUR x 
a MAKES A PROFIT I’d like to open my own restaurant.
I’m a great vegetarian cook.
b BREAKS EVEN c MAKES A MILLION DOLLARS
3 4HE SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE
BAND x  Well, the first question you should
a DONT PAY TAXES ask yourself is where you want to
b ARE RUN BY THE FOUR PERMANENT BAND MEMBERS open your restaurant.
c ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF THE
BANDS ACTIVITIES

THAT’S ENGLISH! 27
In the market

WRITING
1a Look at the main purposes of a report. Read the report below and decide what its purpose is.

1 TO GIVE AN UPDATE ON THE PROGRESS OF A PROJECT

2 TO EVALUATE SOMETHING EG A MARKET
3 TO EXPLAIN WHAT HAPPENED AT A MEETING CONFERENCE VISIT ETC

1b Read the report again. Which paragraph(s) ... ?

1 PRESENT THE FACTS AND PERSONAL OPINIONS paragraph 2 x

2 SUMMARISES AND GIVES RECOMMENDATIONS x
3 STATES THE PURPOSE OR OBJECTIVE OF THE REPORT x

REPORT ON THE FUTURE OF SHOPPING

Shopping has changed a lot over the last 50 years. Supermarkets and shopping centres have put
many high-street shops out of business; however, they themselves are now affected by online
shopping. This report looks at the latest trends in shopping and makes recommendations
for the future.
In my view, personalisation will be the key to success. Indeed, shops are beginning to use digital
technology to monitor exactly what customers look at and what they buy. As a result, they can
recommend items via customers’ smartphones that appeal to their individual tastes and interests.
Despite the current trend being to replace sales assistants with automatic checkouts, experts say
that since online shopping is impersonal, shops should compete by offering a very different kind of
experience. In the future, shops will mainly be places where people go for personal services, such as
beauty treatments. Furthermore, they will be considered as ‘fun environments’ where people can
relax and interact.
Technology will also allow shops to offer exciting new services. For example, it will be possible
to buy things using a 3-D ‘printer’ which ‘prints’ your product. Customers buying clothes will be able
to use 3-D avatars of themselves to try on clothes without undressing.
Shops need to look at trends carefully in order to be more competitive. In spite of the great
importance of technology, the key to success in the future will be to achieve the right balance of
online versus personal or face-to-face services.

2 Look at the highlighted topic sentences in the three main paragraphs in the report above.
What is the function of a topic sentence?
1 TO INTRODUCE THE WRITERS OPINION
2 TO INTRODUCE EXTRA INFORMATION
3 TO INTRODUCE THE MAIN IDEA OF THE PARAGRAPH

 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 2

Expressing contrast: despite and in spite of 4b Add the following connectors to the table.
Despite and in spite of express contrast like
although, but, however, etc.. personally on the contrary in addition
therefore on the other hand
Despite and in spite of can be followed by
these structures with no change in meaning:
Revision of connectors PAGE 
s Despite / In spite of + noun
Despite / In spite of the recession, people 5 Choose the correct option.
still go shopping.
1 /UR SALES ARE  DOWN ON LAST YEAR moreover 
s Despite / In spite of the fact that + clause
although WE HAVE A LOT MORE COMPETITION
Many women prefer shopping in shops
2 ) THOUGHT HE WAS TRYING TO RIP ME OFF BUT on
despite / in spite of the fact that they
the contrary  in addition HIS PRICE WAS FAIR
have less time.
3 -OST WOMEN STILL PREFER CLOTHES SHOPPING IN
s Despite / In spite of + -ing SHOPS despite the fact that  furthermore MANY
Despite / In spite of not having much SAY THEY HAVE LESS TIME TO DO SO THAN IN THE PAST
money, he bought a new car. 4 /UR SALES ARE UP on the other hand,  also OUR
Despite / In spite of being well educated, PROFITS ARE DOWN
she still didn’t get the job. 5 ) THOUGHT WE WOULD HAVE TO GO INTO LIQUIDATION
page 127 however,  although OUR SALES HAVE RECOVERED
AND WE HAVE STAYED IN BUSINESS
3 Rewrite the sentences below linking them with 6 In spite of  Since HAVING EXCELLENT SALES RESULTS
the structures in brackets. THIS YEAR WE ARE WORRIED ABOUT THE FUTURE
7 4HE COFFEE HARVEST WAS VERY BAD LAST YEAR
1 7E WORK LONGER HOURS 7E ARE LESS PRODUCTIVE Consequently,  Whereas THE PRICE OF COFFEE
THAN BEFORE IN SPITE OF  ING HAS GONE UP
2 /LDER WORKERS HAVE UNIQUE SKILLS AND EXPERIENCE
#OMPANIES DONT WANT TO HIRE THEM IN SPITE OF
THE FACT THAT  CLAUSE
Writing a report
3 (E HAS GREAT COMMUNICATION AND )4 SKILLS "UT 6a You are going to write a report about the future
HE STILL DIDNT GET THE JOB IN SPITE OF  NOUN of work. Look at the headings (1-2) and the notes
4 %UROPEANS ENJOY HIGHER STANDARDS OF LIVING below (a-f) and match them. Add your own ideas.
7E ARE MORE DISCONTENTED DESPITE  NOUN
1 4YPE OF WORK IN THE FUTURE
5 )T IS MORE DIFFICULT NOW TO FIND A PERMANENT
2 3OCIAL CHANGES AND WORKING CONDITIONS
JOB 4HE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE SELF EMPLOYED
ARE INCREASING DESPITE THE FACT THAT  CLAUSE
a more ethical management: robots & computers
6 -ANY PEOPLE LIKE THE IDEA OF WORKING AT HOME learn lessons from Wall
)N REALITY THEY MISS THE DAY TO DAY CONTACT Street collapse d no more ‘jobs for life’
WITH COLLEAGUES DESPITE  ING FORM OF LIKE b new specialised jobs and e people live longer, not
more jobs in healthcare enough money to retire
4a Complete the table with the connectors in bold (due to / because of = more older people in the
from activity 1b. advances in medicine and workplace
ageing population) f employers not pay
Function Connector c manufacturing jobs, employees’ pensions and
repetitive tasks done by healthcare
4O EXPRESS as, because of, consequently,
REASONS AND x  2…
RESULTS 6b Write your report on the future of work (150-175
4O GIVE To my mind, it seems to words). Use the ideas from activity 6a to help
PERSONAL me that, as far as I am you. Include the following:
OPINIONS concerned s A CLEAR INTRODUCTION
3…
s TOPIC SENTENCES IN YOUR TWO MAIN PARAGRAPHS
4O EXPRESS whereas, although, while s CONNECTORS TO EXPRESS REASONS AND RESULTS
CONTRAST 4x  5x  6… CONTRAST OPINION AND ADDING INFORMATION
s YOUR CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
4O ADD moreover 7x  …
INFORMATION Writing Reference PAGE 

THAT’S ENGLISH! 
UNIT
3 Can you keep a secret?

OBJECTIVES
s4O TALK ABOUT SECRETS
s4O UNDERSTAND THE EXPRESSIONS OF DIFFERENT
EMOTIONS

A Can I let you in on a little secret?

BEFORE YOU WATCH 2 3OME MANAGERS AT HER WORK HAD LOST THEIR
JOBS
1 Decide which of the secrets below you would 3 "RIDGETS BOSS READ THAT SHE WAS LEAVING ON
keep. &ACEBOOK
1 9OU FIND OUT ONE OF YOUR FRIENDS LIKES DRESSING 4 3HE WONT BE MOVING TO 0ARIS FOR HER NEW JOB
UP IN COSTUMES AND PLAYING ROLE GAMES 5 (ER NEW JOB IS WRITING FOR A COOKING MAGAZINE
2 ! FRIEND AT WORK TELLS YOU SHES FOUND A NEW 6 3HE FOUND OUT ABOUT !NTHONYS SECRET FROM
JOB BUT DOESNT WANT ANYONE TO KNOW FOR NOW $ANNY
ESPECIALLY NOT HER BOYFRIEND
5 Choose the expression that best matches what
WHILE YOU WATCH Bridget, Anthony and Luc say.
Bridget: ) NEARLY 1burst into tears
2 Answer the questions.
a ) SUDDENLY STARTED CRYING
b ) WANTED TO START CRYING BUT DIDNT
Bridget: .OT ONLY DID OTHER PEOPLE 2find out BUT
THE BOSS READ ABOUT IT ON &ACEBOOK

a %VERYONE DISCOVERED THE PERSONS SECRET
b /NLY THE BOSS DISCOVERED THE PERSONS SECRET
ON &ACEBOOK
1 7HAT IS !NTHONYS SECRET AND WHAT IS "RIDGETS
SECRET Anthony: ) JUST FEEL LIKE )VE 3let you down
a ) FEEL LIKE )VE BEEN SUPPORTIVE
b ) FEEL LIKE )VE DISAPPOINTED YOU
Luc: #AN ) 4let you in on a little secret
a #AN ) TRUST YOU TO KEEP A SECRET
b #AN ) TELL YOU A SECRET

2 7HY DIDNT !NTHONY TELL "RIDGET HIS SECRET

NOW YOU!
AFTER YOU WATCH 6 Answer the following questions.
1 (AVE YOU EVER TOLD OTHER PEOPLE A SECRET YOU
3 Answer the questions. SHOULDNT HAVE
1 (OW DOES $ANNY THINK !NTHONY LOOKS IN HIS
I remember… told me a secret and she…
WIZARD COSTUME
2 (OW DOES !NTHONY FEEL ABOUT BEING A ,!20 FAN
3 7HAT DOES $ANNY THINK OF !NTHONYS BEARD 2 (AVE YOU EVER LET ANYONE DOWN
4 (OW DOES !NTHONY DESCRIBE SEEING "RIDGET
AND THE OTHER MAN TOGETHER I once let… down because...
5 7HO WAS THE OTHER MAN
3 7HAT KIND OF SECRETS DO PEOPLE LET YOU IN ON
4 Tick (4) the things which are true for Bridget.
Correct the false ones.
I’m a very trustworthy person so... all
1 3HED BEEN TOO BUSY TO TELL !NTHONY ABOUT HER sorts of secrets like...
NEW JOB
30 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
7 The speakers below were asked the following questions: Are you good at keeping secrets?
What kind of secrets do you find it hard to keep and why?
1 4HINK OF THE TYPE OF SECRETS THEY MIGHT FIND IT HARD TO KEEP
2 7ATCH THE VIDEO TO SEE IF ANY OF YOUR IDEAS WERE MENTIONED

.ADINE $ARREN )AN +AREN !NDY *O #HARLOTTE 2OSIE

8a Which speaker thinks that ... ?

1 THERE ARE LOTS OF SECRETS IN THEIR LIFE BECAUSE OF THEIR RELIGION AND NATIONALITY
2 THE JOB THEY DO HAS A BIG INFLUENCE ON THEIR NOT BEING ABLE TO KEEP SECRETS
3 THEY ARE GOOD AT KEEPING SECRETS BECAUSE THEY LOVE THEM

8b Look at some of the things the speakers said about secrets. What do you think they mean?

1 Darren:4ERRIBLE NEVER TELL ME ANYTHING ) TRY MY BEST BUT IT SORT OF slips out JUST IN CONVERSATION
ITS NOT INTENTIONAL
a (E WANTS TO KEEP THE SECRET BUT HE CANT AND IT JUST COMES OUT BY MISTAKE WHEN HES HAVING
A CONVERSATION
b (E TRIES TO TELL THE SECRET WHEN HE IS IN A CONVERSATION IN A WAY THAT IS NOT OBVIOUS
2 Rosie: -AYBE SOME EXCITING NEWS BUT ) WOULD TRY NOT TO pass it on
a 3HED FIND IT DIFFICULT TO KEEP THE SECRET AND WOULD PROBABLY TELL PEOPLE
b 3HED FIND IT DIFFICULT TO KEEP THE SECRET BUT WOULD TRY NOT TO TELL ANYONE
3 Charlotte: )F SOMEONE cheated on MY FRIEND AND THEY CAME UP TO ME AND TOLD ME TO KEEP IT A
SECRET )D JUST feel so guilty
a #HARLOTTE WOULD FEEL TERRIBLE IF SHE DIDNT TELL HER FRIEND THAT HER FRIENDS PARTNER WAS SEEING
SOMEONE ELSE OR HAVING AN AFFAIR 
b #HARLOTTE WOULDNT BE HAPPY IF HER PARTNER WAS HAVING AN AFFAIR WITH HER BEST FRIEND AND NO
ONE TOLD HER

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! 9b Use the correct form of the words in bold in
activities 5, 8b and 9a to complete the text below.
9a Read some of the answers in the Street
Interviews and tick (4) the ones which are true +EVIN COULDNT BELIEVE IT WHEN HE 1x THAT HIS
for you. GIRLFRIEND 3ANDRA HAD BEEN 2x HIM WITH HIS
BEST FRIEND 0ETER (E FELT THEY HAD BOTH REALLY
1 )M VERY TALKATIVE BUT ) CAN KEEP A SECRET 3x HIM x  +EVIN ONLY GOT TO KNOW ABOUT THIS

2 )M a gossip SO )M NO GOOD AT KEEPING SECRETS FROM HIS WORK COLLEAGUE 4RACY 4HE TRUTH 4x
AT ALL AFTER 4RACY AND +EVIN HAD HAD A FEW DRINKS
3 )F SOMEONE INVESTS A SECRET IN YOU THEN DONT TOGETHER !FTERWARDS SHE 5x AND TOLD +EVIN
LET IT GO ANYWHERE ELSE SHE HAD PROMISED NOT TO 6x THE SECRET x  BUT
SHE IS SUCH 7x SHE COULDNT HELP IT
4 ) ACTUALLY LOVE SECRETS AND SURPRISES SO )M
VERY GOOD AT KEEPING SECRETS
NOW YOU!
10 Are you good at keeping secrets?

I try my best to… , but…

THAT’S ENGLISH! 31
Can you keep a secret?

READING
1a Look at the photos. Which of the secret 3 Read the story. What is the relationship between
situations do you think are positive or negative? …?
1 3 a 3OPHIE AND !NDY
b 3OPHIE AND *AMIE
c 3OPHIE AND 'INA

4 Read the story and put the events in the order

they happened.
1 3OPHIE BECAME PREGNANT

2 4

The secret of the Blue

Moon café
Sophie stood at the window of the Blue Moon
café and sighed. Not only was it raining heavily,
5 but it was also absolutely freezing. There was
nobody on the High Street. Business would
be fairly slow today. A solitary customer was 5
drinking his coffee slowly.
At times like these, she wondered why she
stayed in such an extremely dull town as
Churchfield. It was an open secret that she
longed to return to London and take advantage 10

1b Have you ever had a secret or planned something

of everything there: theatre, art, music and
secret? How did it make you feel? better job opportunities. She was feeling pretty
miserable until she remembered the next day
2a Listen to the conversation. What secret didn’t was Friday and that she would see Jamie again.
Katie keep? And of course, Jamie was the real reason she 15
20 stayed around. He was based there and so she
2b Listen again and match the expressions (1-8) to
would put up with anything to be near him.
the meanings (a-h). Just thinking about him made her smile. She
20 could never feel down for long while she had
1 TO GIVE A SECRET AWAY the chance of seeing him. 20
2 TO KEEP A SECRET
3 TO TELL SOMEONE A SECRET
The important thing was that Jamie was quite
different to Andy, her ex-fiancé. Andy had
4 AN OPEN SECRET
seemed so charming and she had been madly
5 IN SECRET
in love. He had asked her to marry him and
6 TO TAKE SOMEONE IN
she had trusted him completely, but then just 25
7 TO LET SOMEONE DOWN one month before the wedding, Andy had let
8 THE BEST KEPT SECRET her down badly, leaving her to travel around
a TO DECEIVE OR TRICK SOMEONE the world just when she had needed him
b A SECRET THAT MANY PEOPLE KNOW most. She knew now he had simply taken her
c NOT TO TELL A SECRET TO ANYONE ELSE in with false promises and had never really 30

d TO DISAPPOINT OR FAIL SOMEONE

intended to marry her. Sophie had been totally
devastated. She had a lump in her throat
e TO COMMUNICATE SOMETHING THAT IS SECRET
when she thought about that time. Sadly, she
f A SECRET THAT NO ONE KNOWS ABOUT
hadn’t been able to tell her secret to her best
g WITHOUT ANYONE ELSE KNOWING friend, Gina. Gina could never keep a secret, 35
h TO REVEAL A SECRET

32 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 3

2 3OPHIE MOVED TO #HURCHFIELD 5 Read the story again and choose the correct
3 3OPHIE FOUND WHERE HER BOSS AND HIS WIFE HAD answer.
MOVED TO
1 3OPHIE WAS BORED BY LIVING IN #HURCHFIELD x 
4 3OPHIE FELL IN LOVE
a BUT NO ONE ELSE KNEW IT
5 3OPHIE AND !NDY GOT ENGAGED
b AND MANY PEOPLE KNEW IT
6 !NDY ABANDONED 3OPHIE
2 7HEN 3OPHIE THOUGHT ABOUT RETURNING TO
7 *AMIE WENT TO THE CAFÏ EVERY WEEK AFTER HIS
,ONDON AT FIRST SHE FELT x 
GUITAR LESSON
a REALLY UNHAPPY WITH HER CURRENT LIFE
8 3OPHIE WAS UNABLE TO CONFIDE IN HER FRIENDS
b A LITTLE UNHAPPY WITH HER CURRENT LIFE
9 3OPHIE LEFT ,ONDON
3 7HEN 3OPHIE REMEMBERED *AMIE SHE STOPPED
x
and Sophie hadn’t wanted anyone to know. a FEELING COLD
Anyway, she finally moved out of the big city b FEELING UNHAPPY
and lost contact with her London friends. 4 !NDY WAS CHARMING AND x 
Friday eventually came and Jamie arrived as a UNRELIABLE
usual after his guitar lesson. Not only did he 40 b DISORGANISED
play the guitar rather well, but he also sang 5 7HEN 3OPHIE THOUGHT ABOUT THE PAST WITH
beautifully. Sophie had often heard him sing !NDY SHE x 
in the café with his friends. He chatted to her a STARTED TO FEEL ILL
and chose his favourite cake as usual. Sophie b FELT UPSET AND COULDNT SPEAK
took it to his table and managed to listen to 45
6 'INA COULDNT BE x 
most of his conversation without anyone a SUPPORTIVE
realising. She could never give away her secret.
b TRUSTED TO KEEP QUIET
7 *AMIE x 
a DIDNT PLAY THE GUITAR WELL
b PLAYED AND SANG WELL
8 *AMIE AND 3OPHIE HAD x 
a A CLOSE FRIENDSHIP
b A POLITE BUT DISTANT RELATIONSHIP

6 Complete the sentences with the correct form

of an expression from activity 2b.
1 %VERYONE WAS x BY HIS STORY THAT HE WAS A
RICH BUSINESSMAN BUT IN FACT HE WAS A BANK
ROBBER
2 !T #HRISTMAS ITS FUN TO BUY AND WRAP PRESENTS
FOR YOUR FAMILY x 
3 3AM HAD PLANNED A SURPRISE HOLIDAY FOR HIS
WIFE BUT HIS MOTHER x THE SECRET x 
Jamie wasn’t old enough to understand yet, he 4 @$ONT WORRY ) WONT TELL A SOUL )M GOOD AT x
was only fifteen. But when he was an adult, SECRETS SAID (ELEN
Sophie would explain everything to him: how 50 5 !LTHOUGH ALL THE NEIGHBOURS KNEW THAT -R
she had watched over him in secret after her AND -RS $AVIS WANTED A DIVORCE THEY DIDNT
DISCUSS IT IT WAS AN x 
former boss and his wife had adopted him.
6 @#OME CLOSER AND )LL x YOU A SECRET SHE SAID
It had taken Sophie a few years to find them
after they had moved to Churchfield. No one 7 *EAN DIDNT REALISE HER HUSBAND HAD ANOTHER
FAMILY UNTIL AFTER HIS DEATH )T WAS x 
else knew: it was the best-kept secret ever that 55
8 2OBERT PROMISED TO COME AND HELP BUT HE
Jamie was her son, and Andy was his father. NEVER ARRIVED SO HE x US x AGAIN
TRACK 21

THAT’S ENGLISH! 33
Can you keep a secret?

LANGUAGE STUDY
Inversion for emphasis 3b Listen again and complete the sentences.
Not only was it raining heavily, but it was also 22 1 )T WAS ALL RIGHT ) MEAN IT WAS x GOOD
absolutely freezing.
2 ) THOUGHT IT WAS x IMPRESSIVE AND THE ACTING
Not only did he play the guitar well, but he WAS x REALISTIC
also sang beautifully. 3 )T WAS LIKE x INTERESTING AT ALL
▶ Choose the correct answers. 4 )T WAS x WELL ACTED
1 After not only the word order of the subject Adverbs of degree PAGE 
and (auxiliary) verb is / isn’t inverted.
2 The verb tense is the same / different in both 4 Listen and complete the dialogue with the
parts of the sentence. correct modifying adverbs.
page 128 23
A: (OW WAS YOUR HOLIDAY
B: 1 GOOD THANKS MUCH BETTER THAN WE HOPED
1 Choose the correct answers. .OT PERFECT BUT WE EXPECTED THAT BECAUSE WE
GOT A 2 CHEAP DEAL
1 .OT ONLY was he  he was RUDE BUT HE WAS
OFFENSIVE TOO A: 4HATS GOOD 7HAT ABOUT THE WEATHER
2 .OT ONLY I am  am I HUNGRY BUT )M THIRSTY TOO B: /H IT WAS 3 GOOD PERFECT BLUE SKIES AND
SUNSHINE EVERY DAY AND ABOUT  DEGREES
3 .OT ONLY do they lie  did they lie BUT THEY
4HE HOTEL POOL WAS 4 IMPRESSIVE AS WELL IT
CHEAT AS WELL
WAS BRAND NEW
4 .OT ONLY do she pass  did she pass THE EXAM
A: !ND THE HOTEL ITSELF
BUT SHE ALSO GOT TOP MARKS
B: )T WAS 5 /+ BUT A BIT OLD FASHIONED n THEY
5 .OT ONLY does he speak  did he speak &RENCH
HADNT STARTED MODERNISING IT )T WAS NOTHING
BUT HE SPEAKS 3PANISH TOO
SPECIAL
6 .OT ONLY were they sad  they were sad BUT
A: 7ELL AT LEAST THE POOL WAS REALLY GOOD 7HAT
THEY WERE ANGRY AS WELL
WAS THE FOOD LIKE
2 Rewrite the sentences to make them more B: 3URPRISINGLY 6 REASONABLE .OT THE GREATEST
emphatic using: Not only... but also... AMOUNT OF VARIETY BUT NOT BAD AT ALL

1 4HE HOTEL ROOM WAS DIRTY AND IT WAS COLD AS WELL Gradable and extreme adjectives
Not only was the hotel room dirty, but it was ▶ Which of the sentences (a or b) is more
also cold. emphatic?
2 4HEY DISLIKED HER AND THEY HATED HER FAMILY TOO 1 a It was absolutely freezing.
3 $IANA WAS VERY BEAUTIFUL AND ALSO KIND b It was very cold.
4 3HE SINGS BEAUTIFULLY AND WRITES HER OWN
SONGS TOO 2 a She had been totally devastated.
5 (E PLAYED TENNIS EXCELLENTLY AND ALSO RAN b She had been very upset.
page 128
MARATHONS
6 4HE TEAM MANAGER SAYS WE WANT TO WIN THE 5a Complete the table with the words from the
MATCH AND THE CHAMPIONSHIP TOO box. Then listen to three conversations and
7 4HE HEADMASTER SAID THAT $ARREN WAS LAZY AND 24 check your answers.
ALSO DISRESPECTFUL TO THE TEACHERS
silly amazing beautiful freezing
3a Listen to the extracts. Which speaker … ?
furious awful huge
22 1 ONLY SAW THE FILM BECAUSE SOMEONE ELSE
WANTED TO Gradable adjective Extreme adjective
2 THOUGHT THE ACTORS AND CAMERA WORK WAS VERY COLD
GOOD TIRED EXHAUSTED
3 WOULDNT RECOMMEND SEEING THE FILM AT THE RIDICULOUS
CINEMA BAD
ANGRY
4 WAS SURPRISED BY THE END OF THE FILM UPSET DEVASTATED
5 THOUGHT THERE WAS TOO MUCH DIALOGUE AND NOT BIG
ENOUGH ACTION GORGEOUS
GOOD
34 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 3

5b Listen again. Tick the adverbs the speakers use 9a When someone hears some sad news, they
with extreme adjectives. may do the things below. Put the events in the
24 correct order.
VERY COMPLETELY RATHER
ABSOLUTELY TOTALLY PRETTY a TO START CRYING
QUITE b TO FEEL SAD
c TO CRY LOUDLY FOR A LONG TIME
6 Complete the sentences using an extreme d TO FEEL VERY EMOTIONAL AND NEAR TO TEARS
adjective from activity 5a.
e TO HAVE TEARS IN YOUR EYES
1 -Y RICH UNCLE LIVES IN AN  HOUSE WITH SIX 1 b to feel sad
BATHROOMS AND NINE BEDROOMS
2 ) CANT STUDY TODAY BECAUSE ) DIDNT SLEEP MORE 9b Listen to the conversation. What is Denise’s
THAN TWO HOURS LAST NIGHT AND ) AM   problem?
26
3 7HEN ) CRASHED MY FATHERS CAR HE WAS  
4 4HE BRIDE WORE AN  WHITE DRESS AND CARRIED 9c Listen again. Complete the expressions (1-5)
RED ROSES with the words from the box. Then match them
26 to the events (a-e) from activity 9a.
5 )T SNOWED ON OUR CAMPING HOLIDAY AND THE
THERMOMETER SHOWED  DEGREES IT WAS x

6 )TS  THAT THE GOVERNMENT WANTS US TO PAY burst down up out lump tears throat cry
a FOR AN IDENTITY CARD4HEY SHOULD BE FREE

7 4OM WAS  WHEN HE LOST HIS JOB AS HE HAD A 1 TO FEEL x 4 TO x INTO TEARS
WIFE AND FOUR CHILDREN TO SUPPORT 2 TO HAVE A x IN YOUR x 5 TO x YOUR EYES x
8 4HE 'UGGENHEIM !RT 'ALLERY IN "ILBAO IS 3 x WELL x
BEAUTIFUL AND AN  PIECE OF ARCHITECTURE
10 Complete the text with the correct form of the
7 Circle the correct adverbs. expressions (1-5) from activity 9c.

1 ,OOK AT THAT DRESS
)TS very  absolutely

0AULA LOOKED AT THE RESULTS 3HE HAD FAILED HER
GORGEOUS
DEGREE
3HE FELT SO 1  3OMEONE SPOKE TO
2 ) WAS rather  totally UPSET WHEN ) FAILED MY HER BUT SHE COULDNT ANSWER AS SHE HAD A 2
DRIVING TEST IN HER   7HAT WOULD HER PARENTS SAY !T THIS
3 4HE TRAFFIC WAS absolutely  very AWFUL ON THE THOUGHT TEARS 3 IN HER EYES 3HE HAD RUINED
WAY HERE EVERYTHING 3HE 4 INTO  AND RAN HOME 3HE
4 )TS quite  totally SILLY TO EXPECT LITTLE CHILDREN TO LOCKED THE DOOR AND 5 HER  OUT
SIT STILL FOR HOURS
5 )M completely  very FURIOUS BECAUSE ) STAYED 11 Complete the text with the correct word or
IN ALL DAY AND THE BUILDER DIDNT COME phrase from the box.
6 7OW
(AVE YOU SEEN HIS NEW CAR
)T LOOKS
totally  very AMAZING took in secret gave the secret away also
7 ) THINK )LL GO TO BED EARLY TONIGHT )M pretty  eyes devastated only furious let
absolutely TIRED

8 Listen to the sentences. Repeat and copy the Me and my wives

intonation. A London man has been arrested for bigamy.
25
Niall Stuart, aged 40, was arrested at his home
1 @!RE YOU COLD @#OLD
)M ABSOLUTELY FREEZING
in Enfield. His wife, Tanya, learned she was not
2 @!RE THEY TIRED @4IRED
4HEYRE TOTALLY EXHAUSTED legally married. ‘I’m totally 1... . I cried my 2...
3 @7AS IT SILLY @3ILLY
)T WAS ABSOLUTELY RIDICULOUS out all last night.’ Not 3... is Niall already married,
4 @)S SHE UPSET @5PSET
3HES COMPLETELY but he 4... has three children with his ‘real’ wife,
DEVASTATED Clare! Mrs Clare Stuart said she was absolutely
5... with Niall and she felt sorry for Tanya. ‘Niall
6... her in and she trusted him, as I did. How can
Pronunciation Guide PAGE 
I tell my children the truth? He has 7... his family
down.’ Mr Stuart 8... when he left a letter from
Tanya in his coat pocket, and Clare found it. He
married Tanya 9... four years ago.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 35
Can you keep a secret?

B I spy with my little eye

DOCUMENTARY a 4HE #HURCH WAS INVOLVED IN SEXUAL ABUSE
1 Match the words to the definitions. b 4HE 53 HAD A SECRET BASE THERE
c 4HE GOVERNMENT TRIED TO BUY NUCLEAR WEAPONS
1 ESPIONAGE ILLEGALLY
2 -)  -) d -EMBERS OF PARLIAMENT SPENT PUBLIC MONEY
3 CODE BREAKING ON EXPENSIVE THINGS FOR THEMSELVES
4 SECRET AGENT e .ATIONAL SECURITY AGENCIES HAD ACCESS TO
PERSONAL INFORMATION
a 5+ SECRET INTELLIGENCE
SERVICES
b SPYING TO GET POLITICAL THAT’S IRELAND
AND MILITARY INFORMATION 5 Answer the questions.
c A SPY ACTING FOR HIS  HER
COUNTRY
d DECIPHERING SECRET MESSAGES

2 What famous spies do you know? Are they

fictional or real?

3 Watch the documentary and read the sentences.

Which are not true? Correct them.
1 -ODERN DAY ESPIONAGE DEVELOPED DURING THE
#OLD 7AR
2 -) AND -) WERE SET UP BEFORE 7ORLD 7AR )) 1 (AVE YOU EVER VISITED A PREHISTORIC SITE 7HAT
3 .ANCY 7AKE TRAINED "RITISH SPIES DURING THE DID YOU SEE THERE
WAR 2 ,OOK AT THE PHOTO 7HAT DO YOU THINK IS INSIDE
4 4HE 'ERMANS OFFERED A LARGE SUM OF MONEY THE MOUNDS
FOR HER CAPTURE
5 !FTER THE WAR .ANCY 7AKE WAS FORGOTTEN 6 Watch the video of Aidan’s visit to the Boyne
Valley and complete the sentences.
6 .OOR )NAYAT +HAN WAS A "RITISH SPY OF )NDIAN
ORIGIN 1 4HE +NOWTH SITE CONSISTS OF ONE LARGE MOUND
7 .OOR )NAYAT +HAN WAS KILLED BY THE .AZIS AND x SATELLITE TOMBS
8 !T "LETCHLEY THEY DECODED AROUND  2 4HERE ARE x KERBSTONES AROUND THE LARGE
MESSAGES A DAY MOUND
3 !LL THE STRUCTURES CONTAIN CREMATED x REMAINS
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES 4 4HE .EWGRANGE ENTRANCE STONE IS A FINE
EXAMPLE OF x ART
4 Match the speakers (1-5) to the guilty secret 5 4HE SUN SHINES INSIDE THE CHAMBER ON THE x
revealed by the press in their country (a-e). DAYS OF THE YEAR
6 4HE PEOPLE WHO BUILT THE SITES PROBABLY KNEW
1 2 3 ABOUT ASTRONOMY GEOLOGY BUILDING AND x 
7 !IDAN THINKS THE PREHISTORIC SITE IS A x PLACE

NOW YOU!
7 What secrets would you like to discover about
your country?
4 5

There are many secrets to be discovered

in my country. Personally, I would like to
know more about… Who…? What...? It
would also be interesting to find out…

36 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 3
SKILLS WORK
1 Read the quiz. Where would you find a quiz like this?
1 IN A PSYCHOLOGY TEXT BOOK 2 IN A MAGAZINE 3 IN A SERIOUS NEWSPAPER

2 Just how secretive are you? Answer the questions to find out.

You’ve just met someone at a party. What sort of information How much information do you share
do you tell them? on the Internet?
a Not a lot. My name, age, etc. Just basic details. a I avoid putting real information on the
b Maybe some funny anecdotes about my family and friends but Internet.
nothing about myself. b Only on Facebook and other social networks
c I’d tell them about my background and interests but nothing too where I can restrict who views it.
personal at first. c I post mostly real information, but I’m
d Not only would I tell them all about me, but I’d also answer all of careful to change my date of birth so my
their questions! identity isn’t stolen.
d I share my true information on all of my
You’re in a new relationship. How much do you tell him or accounts. Hackers can find it out anyway if
her about yourself? they try.
a I prefer to maintain some mystery at the beginning, so not too much.
b I’d tell them things if they asked, but otherwise I wouldn’t volunteer
You’re planning to change your job.
too much information. When and what do you tell your
colleagues?
c Whatever they ask, as long as I feel comfortable sharing those things.
d They have the right to know everything about me. That’s why we’re in a I don’t tell them anything until the
a relationship. company advertises for my replacement.
b I tell my closest colleague after a few weeks
but swear them to secrecy.
c I tell people in my room at once: if they tell
others, I don’t mind.
d Not only would I tell my colleagues of my
plans to change jobs, but I’d tell them my
reasons too. Why not?

worry a bit less about things.

you should be a little more careful. information on a ‘need to know’ basis. Perhaps you should
really care at all what people know about your life, but maybe Mostly b’s: You are naturally pretty cautious and only reveal
Mostly d’s: Your slogan is ‘Don’t worry, be happy’. You don’t intelligence service as a secret agent?

(online source)
information, but you also have a healthy level of self-protection. also a little bit paranoid! Have you considered working for the
Mostly c’s: You are fairly relaxed about your personal Mostly a’s: Not only are you extremely secretive, but you are
Check your answers and find out how secretive you are
TRACK 27

3 Complete the options below (5-6) for the quiz 4a Listen to the radio programme. What is the
from activity 2. unusual job being discussed?
28

Friend A tells you a secret about friend B. 4b Listen again and answer the questions.
But this information could be important for
28 1 7HAT IMAGE DOES *UDY HAVE OF THE JOB
B to know. What would you do?
2 7HAT IS SURPRISING ABOUT THE PROFILE OF
a Keep the secret, no matter what. c ...
SUCCESSFUL APPLICANTS FOR THE JOB
b ... d…
3 7HAT THREE QUALITIES DO YOU NEED TO DO THE JOB
You were fired from your last job. What do 4 7HAT OTHER KINDS OF JOBS ARE AVAILABLE IN -)
you tell your friends and family?
5 7HAT IS THE MAIN REASON WHY PEOPLE ENJOY THE
a … c … JOB
b … d…
6 7HAT IS THE BIGGEST DANGER FOR A COUNTRY
NOWADAYS

THAT’S ENGLISH! 37
Can you keep a secret?

SPEAKING
1 Listen to Ruth talking about a time she felt let down and disappointed by someone’s behaviour.
Choose the correct answers.
29
1 4HE WEDDING GUESTS WERE FEELING rather nervous  pretty happy WHEN THEY ARRIVED AT THE
CHURCH
2 /LIVIAS SISTER SAID THE BRIDE AND GROOM WERE quite upset  very sorry ABOUT THEIR
ANNOUNCEMENT
3 7HEN 2UTH FIRST HEARD THE NEWS SHE FELT totally devastated  somewhat angry
4 2UTH SAID THE WEDDING GUESTS WERE sort of disgusted  somewhat shocked WHEN THEY HEARD
THE NEWS
5 4OM WAS kind of embarrassed  sort of hurt BY THE ANNOUNCEMENT
6 !T THE PARTY THE GUESTS WERE OBVIOUSLY extremely annoyed  somewhat excited
7 7HEN 2UTH THINKS ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED SHE FEELS kind of down  somewhat down

Expressing hesitation
▶ Look at the statements below. Which
statements are weaker: a or b?
1 a Everyone was somewhat shocked.
b Everyone was absolutely shocked.
2 a Tom looked kind of embarrassed.
b Tom looked completely embarrassed.
3 a It was sort of unreal.
b It was totally unreal.
page 129

2a Listen and repeat.

30 1 4HE PARTY WAS absolutely WONDERFUL

2 4HE DAY WAS kind of DISAPPOINTING
3 ) WAS totally DISGUSTED
4 4HE RESULT WAS somewhat DISAPPOINTING
5 %VERYBODY WAS sort of BORED
6 )T WAS pretty EXCITING

2b How do you think you would have felt if you were these people in Ruth’s story? Say why.
Tell your partner.
1 2UTH
2 /LIVIAS SISTER
3 4HE BEST MAN4OM
4 4HE BRIDE AND BRIDEGROOMS PARENTS

If I were Ruth, I think I would have been rather upset. That’s not
how best friends should behave. They shouldn’t have any secrets!

 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 3

Monologue: a disappointing experience

3 Ruth uses a variety of expressions to guide and focus the listener. Complete the table with the
expressions from the box.

You’ll never guess (believe it) On the day in question After that Or so I thought
So, going back to what happened Things were never the same again That very evening

Expressions for coherence

TO RETURN TO THE MAIN STORY Anyway 1
TO INTRODUCE  EXPLAIN WHAT HAPPENED LATER As a result 2  3
TO INTRODUCE SURPRISING INFORMATION But in fact 4  5
TO FOCUS ON THE IMPORTANT EVENT On the big day 6   7 

4a Stories have to be told in a logical coherent order. Put the parts of the story in the correct
order.
1 $ESCRIPTION OF THE MAIN EVENT @!N ANNOUNCEMENT WAS MADE THERE WOULDNT BE A WEDDING
2 &EELINGS ABOUT THE EVENT AFTER TIME TO REFLECT @) BEGAN TO FEEL DIFFERENTLY THINGS JUST WERENT
THE SAME AFTER THAT
3 ,ATER RESULTS OF THE EVENT @7E ARE NO LONGER CLOSE
4 3ETTING THE SCENE @7ED BEEN BEST FRIENDS FOR YEARS ) THOUGHT WE SHARED EVERYTHING
5 )NTRODUCING THE TOPIC @) THINK THE TIME ) FELT MOST LET DOWN WAS WHEN

4b Listen and check.

31

5a Prepare a talk for one minute about a time when you felt let down or disappointed by someone.
Think about the questions below to help you and make notes. Follow the order in activity 4a.
1 (AVE YOU EVER FELT CHEATED OR LET DOWN BY SOMEONE WHO DIDNT KEEP THEIR PROMISE TO YOU
2 7HAT HAPPENED
3 7HO WAS INVOLVED
4 (OW DID YOU FEEL THEN
5 (OW DO YOU FEEL ABOUT IT NOW

5b Talk to your partner about a disappointing experience. Include the following:

s INTRODUCE AND SET THE SCENE

s DESCRIBE THE MAIN EVENT
s TALK ABOUT FEELINGS DURING AND AFTER THE EVENT USE
ADVERBS OF DEGREE AND NON GRADABLE ADJECTIVES
s USE somewhat  kind of  sort of
s USE A VARIETY OF EXPRESSIONS TO GUIDE AND FOCUS THE
LISTENER

I think the time I felt let down the most was when
I found out my ex was having an affair. I first met
Harry at a party, and we got on well immediately.
We were extremely happy; at least I thought
we were. There were times when things were
somewhat difficult, but what relationship doesn’t
have problems sometimes? Then one day...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 39
UNIT
4 Faith

OBJECTIVES
s 4O TALK ABOUT BELIEFS
s 4O LEARN ABOUT DIFFERENT RELIGIONS

A You’ve got to have faith

BEFORE YOU WATCH a ordinary b strict c not very strict

1 Tick the statements which are true for you. 4 Decide if the sentences are true (4) or false (7).
Correct the false ones.
1 For me, there’s more to religion than just going
to church. 1 Ahmed jokes that his mother is a curry goddess
who he loves worshipping in her temple.
2 I don’t think interfaith couples usually succeed.
2 Ahmed tells his mother that Megan is a
practising Catholic.
WHILE YOU WATCH 3 Megan doesn’t go to church, and she doesn’t
2 Answer the questions. believe in God.
4 Aadil is pleased that Megan’s mother is a
regular churchgoer.

5 Match the words from the box to the meanings.

an atheist go to mass worship lapsed

churchgoer devout

1 What religious backgrounds do Megan and 1 to attend a religious ceremony

Ahmed come from? 2 a person who strongly believes and follows
the teachings of a religion
3 a person who no longer actively practises
their religion (but may still believe in God)
4 a person who doesn’t believe in God
5 a person who attends mass regularly
6 the act of showing love and respect for a god
2 Why is Ahmed’s father critical of Megan? 6 Now use the words from activity 5 to complete
the sentences.
AFTER YOU WATCH 1 Despite being Catholic, Megan is not very …
and doesn’t … very often.
3 Choose the correct option.
2 My parents are very religious and go to church
1 Karen jokes that Megan is such a good Catholic every day. However, I am … .
that she goes to mass … . 3 She used to go to church but now she doesn’t
a twice on Sundays have faith. She’s like me, a … Christian.
b every other day c only on Sundays 4 4HE ENTIRE CLASS GETS TOGETHER HERE TO x THE
2 Ahmed told Megan that his parents are more Virgin before school starts.
… than he is. 5 Although my grandmother is a regular … , she
a religious b Muslim c devout doesn’t often give donations to the Church.
3 Megan can’t remember when she last ... .
a went to church NOW YOU!
b went to mass c had confession 7 Do you consider the people in your country to
4 Karen says that … has never been important be religious?
to her.
a religion b church c faith Spain used to be a nation of… However,
5 Ahmed claims his parents are ... Muslims not there are fewer… people nowadays…
religious fanatics.
40 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the following question: How important is religion in your life?
1 How would you answer this question?
2 Watch the video to see if any of the speakers are similar to you.

Darren Jude Nip Lauren Peter Judy Alan Jo

9a Tick (4) the things the speakers mention.

1 being an evangelical Christian 3 not following just one faith

2 being brought up a Muslim 4 going to a religious school

9b Decide if the sentences are true (4) or false (7). Correct the false ones.

1 Darren doesn’t practise his Jewish faith.

2 Religion is a part of Jude’s life.
3 Nip doesn’t spend much time at the temple.
4 Lauren celebrates Christian holidays.
5 Peter believes religion is the way to live.
6 It is very important for Judy to have God in her life.
7 Alan also believes in God.
8 Jo doesn’t care for spirituality.

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH!

10a Look at some of the things the speakers in the 10b Use the right form of some of the words from
Street Interviews said about religion. What do activities 5 and 10a to complete the text below.
they mean?
Darren: I’m Jewish, 1so growing up it was very Raquel was 1… as a Catholic but as she got
much part of everything I did. older she stopped 2… every Sunday. Her 3…
a His religion was really important when parents, who were regular 4… , were not
he was a child. happy about this, but they felt that at least
b His religion was really important when she hadn’t become 5… which would be the
he was getting older. WORST THING FOR THEM 4HEY WERE A LITTLE BIT
worried about the fact that her boyfriend
6… in the Jewish faith.
Lauren: I was 2brought up as a Christian.
a She was forced by her family to be a
Christian.
b She was educated by her family to be NOW YOU!
a Christian.
11 Write about your religious beliefs and the role
Jo: I’m not particularly religious in terms of they play in your life.
following 3any one faith.
a She doesn’t believe in following only As a... , religion is (not) very important to me. I
one religion. was brought up… and / but when I grew up I…
b She follows many different religions.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 41
Faith

READING
1 Read and answer the questionnaire on religious
faith.
Pilgrimage sites of the world
Does faith play a big part in your life?

1 strongly disagree 3 agree

2 disagree 4 strongly agree

a I pray every day.

b My faith gives my life meaning and purpose.
c I am active in my faith or church.
(online source)

d I like being with people who share my faith.

e Many of my decisions in life are based on my
faith.
Total score: 5 (low faith); 20 (high faith)

2a Listen to two people discussing the faith test. The Kumbh Mela Festival takes place every three
Who has the strongest faith, Paul or Jane? years in India at different locations along the banks
33 of India’s sacred rivers: the Ganges, the Yamuna and
the ancient lost Saraswati River. It is hardly surprising
2b Listen again. Complete the sentences with Paul in a country with over one billion Hindus, that simply
or Jane. millions of pilgrims travel great distances to attend
33
the celebration, making it the largest religious festival
1 … is an agnostic. and pilgrimage in the world.
2 … prays every day.
Hindus believe that the water of the sacred rivers
3 … doesn’t often go to church. actually washes away sin, so unsurprisingly, bathing
4 … doesn’t believe in Heaven and Hell. is central to the festival and pilgrims gather next to
5 … believes in miracles. the rivers to perform this act of faith and patiently
wait to take a ritual bath. At sunrise on the first day
3 Read the article and choose the best summary. of the 55-day festival, the sadhus or holy men lead
the way to the water. Like many other religions,
1 Yoga festival attracts enormous crowds to Hindus have a variety of priests, or holy men and
northern India. women, and follow a number of spiritual practices to
2 Millions of Hindu pilgrims travel to the Ganges understand the Divine more clearly. This often means
to take a ritual bath. undertaking difficult physical challenges and acting
in blind faith, simply trusting that God will take care
3 Holy men lead millions of Hindu believers on
of them. Some sadhus don’t wear clothes and never
spiritual journey.
cut their hair, some have taken a vow of silence and
never speak, others simply stop eating and drinking
4 Read the pilgrimage text again. What do these and follow a strict fast. Nearly a million sadhus attend
numbers refer to? the festival and give blessings to the other pilgrims.
13 4 55 7 10,000 Despite the immense crowds at the Kumbh Mela
2 1 billion 5 nearly a million 8 50,000 Festival, it is a moment of pure joy when pilgrims finally
wash in the river, and of course, a highly emotional
3 millions 6 20,000
experience too. Once they have bathed, the pilgrims
say prayers, make offerings at the shrines of different
5 Answer the questions.
Hindu deities and listen to the words of the sadhus.
1 Is the festival always held in the same place?
2 Why do pilgrims bathe in the river?
3 What is a sadhu?
6 Find words in the text which mean … .
4 Name four physical challenges the sadhus
undertake. 1 a person who travels to a holy place for
5 What is the biggest danger for the pilgrims? religious or spiritual reasons (paragraph 1)
6 In the comments section, what worry does 2 a journey with a spiritual purpose (paragraph 1)
Frog have? 3 an immoral act (paragraph 2)
4 holy people who perform religious rituals
(paragraph 2)

42 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 4

The practicalities of housing and feeding millions 7 Match the correct meanings of the expressions
of pilgrims over the two months of the festival in bold (1-8) to the sentences (a or b).
may seem an impossible task. Nevertheless, the
officials do manage to organise the crowds. In fact, a 1 4HEIR INTENTIONS WERE GOOD AND THEY acted in
temporary city of over a million tents is put up along good faith, but the results were disastrous.
with 20,000 portable toilets, and 10,000 sweepers a 4HEY KNEW THAT IT WASNT THE CORRECT THING TO DO
are employed to keep the place clean. Unfortunately, but they didn’t care about the consequences.
one of the biggest dangers for pilgrims is being
b 4HEY BELIEVED THAT THEY WERE DOING THE RIGHT
injured by the enormous crowds, so there are about
thing, but they were mistaken.
50,000 policemen to help control the vast crowds.
2 He is an honest hardworking politician. He has
COMMENTS restored my faith in politics.
The next Kumbh Mela Festival is in 2016! a I have always believed that politicians are
Don’t forget, will you! Tessie honest.
b I used to be cynical about politicians, but now
I believe they are not all corrupt.
People who go there should just count their
blessings that they don’t get ill! A million people 3 Her blind faith in alternative medicine is a
all bathing in the same water. I doubt if anyone danger to her health.
is very clean or healthy after that. Frog 23
a She uses scientific evidence to choose her
medical treatment.
These photos are inspiring, but I wonder if I b Her belief in alternative medicine puts her at
will be strong enough to complete my own risk.
pilgrimage. Duncan
4 Walking across a fire in bare feet is an act of
faith.
Look how happy everyone is. With God on
your side everything is OK, isn’t it? Klaus a People believe they will not be hurt by the fire.
b People know the fire will burn them but do it
anyway.
5 Bless you!
a You have just sneezed.
b You have just coughed.
6 However difficult life seems, count your
blessings!
a Life is hard and there is sometimes nothing to
be positive about.
b 4HERE ARE ALWAYS POSITIVE ASPECTS IN ANY
situation, even when everything seems to be
going wrong.
7 What a beautiful baby, bless!
a Isn’t that baby adorable!
b 4HE BABY JUST SNEEZED
(online source)

8 He didn’t agree with their decision to go and

live in Australia, but he gave them his blessing.
TRACK 34
a He gave them advice not to go.
b He supported their decision even though he
disagreed with them.
5 a period of time when a person doesn’t eat or
drink (paragraph 2)
6 a promise to do something (paragraph 2)
7 a prayer for God’s protection made by a holy
person (paragraph 2)
8 a request or thanks to God (paragraph 3)
9 temples (paragraph 3)

THAT’S ENGLISH! 43
Faith

LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Match the sentences (1-8) to the question tags Expressing doubt and belief
(a-h).
s To express doubt:
1 4HEY ARE GOING ON A PILGRIMAGE A million people all bathing in the same water.
2 Don’t tell them, I doubt if / whether anyone is very clean
after that…
3 4HAT WAS THE MAN YOU SAW IN THE TEMPLE
I wonder if / whether I will be strong
4 Let’s have an ice-cream,
enough…
5 You never call me,
s To express belief:
6 Somebody took the money,
I do firmly believe there’s something after
7 Open the window,
death.
8 I am leaving tomorrow,
I am sure miracles are possible.
a wasn’t it? d do you? g aren’t I? s We also use adverbs like really, actually,
b didn’t they? e shall we? h will you? simply, just, certainly, hardly, firmly,
c could you? f aren’t they? unfortunately, surprisingly to modify
expressions of doubt or belief.
Review of question tags page 130 It is hardly surprising in a country with over
one billion Hindus, that simply millions of
pilgrims travel great distances to attend the
2 Listen to these sentences. Are the speakers celebration.
asking real questions or asking for confirmation?
35 Surprisingly, many non-believers send their
1 You are from Germany, aren’t you? children to religious schools.
page 130
2 You won’t forget, will you?
3 He never phones you, does he?
3 Rewrite the sentences using the word(s) in
4 Anyone could do this, couldn’t they? brackets.
5 Let’s do this together, shall we?
6 He hasn’t been here for years, has he? 1 Do you think you did the right thing? (wonder)
7 Come here, will you? I wonder if you did the right thing.
8 I’m terrible at football, aren’t I? 2 He believes in ghosts. (sure)
3 4HEY DIDNT THINK THE TEAM WERE GOOD ENOUGH
35 Listen again, repeat and copy the intonation. to win the World Cup. (doubted)
4 I am not sure she took enough money for the
Pronunciation: intonation in question tags train fare. (wonder)
Question tags can be used for real questions or 5 I am convinced he really loves her. (do believe)
simply to ask for confirmation of information. 6 I am not sure she has enough qualifications
for the job. (doubt)
▶ Choose the correct option.
When it is a real question the intonation rises / 4 Choose the correct adverb.
falls on the tag. If we just want confirmation, then
the intonation rises / falls.
page 148 I was brought up in the Catholic faith, but
1simply / actually as I got older, I lost my

faith and I 2hardly / simply stopped going to

church. A couple of years ago, a friend of mine
got very ill and 3hardly / unfortunately died,
and it 4just / really affected me very deeply. I
decided to take some time for reflection and
walk the Camino de Santiago in the north of
Spain. 5Firmly / Surprisingly, it was one of the
best decisions I have ever made. It took me
about 3 weeks, and I met all kinds of people
on the way. Some had a strong religious faith
but 6hardly / just anyone was there for the
same reason. Some 7just / certainly wanted
to follow a historic route and others, like me,
8simply / hardly wanted some time on their

own to think about their lives.

44 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 4

5 Look at the figures and complete the report 9 4HE STATUE BEGAN TO CRY REAL TEARS IT WAS A m… .
below with the words from the box. 10 Since his wife died he hasn’t changed a thing
in the house: it’s like a s… to her.
agnostics Muslims non-believers
Buddhists Hindus Christianity 7 Complete the sentences with the expressions
from the box.
Jewish believers atheists Sikhs
in good faith restored my faith Bless!

(online source)
Religious affiliation in Great Britain gives his blessing blind faith Bless you!
act of faith count your blessings
Population
1 I lost my purse with £300 in it but someone
Q4 2004 Q4 2010 handed it in to the police with all that money
Christian 44,820,000 41,410,000 STILL IN IT 4HAT ACTION restored my faith in
people.
No religion 9,010,000 13,390,000
2 4HE 0OPE ALWAYS x AT %ASTER FROM 3T 0ETERS IN
Muslim 1,890,000 2,580,000 Rome.
Hindu 550,000 790,000 3 ‘I’ve got a cold. Atchoooo!’ ‘… ’
Sikh 340,000 340,000 4 He gave her the money … and thought she
would pay him back, but she never returned
Jewish 280,000 270,000
the money.
Buddhist 160,000 270,000 5 4HE CHILDREN HAD x AND BELIEVED EVERY WORD
Any other religion 390,000 610,000 they were told.
6 You are always complaining but at least you
have got a job, you should … .
7 Look at that cat and its kittens. …
Britain may no longer be a Christian country 8 4HE PILGRIMS TOOK NO FOOD OR WATER WITH THEM
in just 20 years, according to the report above. in a supreme … because they believed that
1… is losing more than half a million believers
God would provide for them.
every year, while the number of 2… and 3…
is increasing by almost 750,000 annually. If 8a Listen and look at the different spellings for the
trends continue, the number of 4… will overtake
sound /ei/.
the number of Christians by 2030. In the last 37
six years, the number of 5… , 6… and 7… has 1 faith, sail, waist, wait
RISEN 4HE NUMBER OF 8… has remained stable
2 always, stay, pray, today
while the number of 9… has fallen slightly.
3 ache, snake, behave, face
4 weight, eight, neighbour, reign
36 Now listen and check. 5 prey, grey, obey, hey

6 Complete the sentences with the missing 37 Listen again and repeat.
words.
8b Listen to the sentences. Which is the correct
1 When we got married, we made a vow to spelling according to the context?
always love one another. 38
2 During Ramadan, Muslims observe a strict f… 1 a wait b weight
between sunrise and sunset: no food or drink. 2 a rain b reign
3 He is an evil man, but I believe he will be 3 a male b mail
punished for his s… . 4 a ate b eight
4 We are going to Lourdes on a p… . 5 a sail b sale
5 Please say a p… with us for world peace. 6 a waste b waist
6 She was a wonderfully kind woman; when she 7 a pray b prey
dies, she will go straight to H… .
8 a great b grate
7 4HE p… made the sign of the cross and gave
us a blessing.
8 4HE PAINTING IN THE CHURCH SHOWED A Pronunciation Guide page 147
frightening vision of the torments in H… .

THAT’S ENGLISH! 45
Faith

B Believe it or not!
DOCUMENTARY THAT’S IRELAND
1 Which of these statements about the Church do 6 Match the photos (1-3) to the sentences (a-c).
you agree with?
1
1 4HERE SHOULD BE WOMEN PRIESTS
2 Priests should be allowed to get married.
3 4HE #HURCH SHOULD ADAPT TO CHANGES IN SOCIETY
4 4HE 0OPE MUST BE THE #HURCHS MAIN AUTHORITY

2 Watch the first part of the documentary and

answer the questions.
2
1 What does the word Anglican mean?
2 What is the main difference between the
#HURCH OF %NGLAND AND THE #ATHOLIC #HURCH
3 7HICH KING OF %NGLAND MADE HIMSELF HEAD OF
the Church?
4 What does the general synod do?

3 Watch the rest of the documentary and 3

complete the summaries of what the two
priests say.

a 4HE ROOF VAULTING IS UNIQUE

b 4HE STAINED GLASS WINDOWS ARE BEAUTIFUL
Susannah Jody colours.
Susannah: Although 1… never changes, the c 4HE TOMBS ARE CARVED IN STONE
Church must adapt to the 2… in
which it finds itself. Having a 3… and 7 Watch the video of Aidan’s visit to Kilkenny and
being a vicar is a 4… but also a joy. decide if the sentences are true (4) or false (7).
Jody: My parish has people from different Correct the false ones.
5… and the majority are 6… . I

don’t want every Sunday to be the 1 Kilkenny used to be the capital of Ireland.
7… . Sometimes we put the 8… in a 2 St Canice’s Cathedral is a 6th-century building.
circle or people of different ages sit 3 4HE ROOF IS MADE OF WOOD BUT HAS NO NAILS
together at 9… . holding it in place.
4 4HE 2OUND 4OWER IS  METRES HIGH BUT IS A
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES steep challenging climb to get to the top.
5 4HE DESIGN CENTRE SELLS INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTS
4 Listen to people talking about the importance
of faith and religion in their country. What 6 4HE RUGS ARE MADE ON SITE
religions are mentioned?
NOW YOU!
5 Listen again. According to the speakers, which
country … ? 8 What are some of the most significant religious
buildings in your country?
1 was founded by religious people
2 has two main religions My country has many religious buildings.
3 does not have high church attendance Many of them represent the … religion.
4 has religious education in schools For example, … However there are also
5 has people from at least four different religions buildings from other religions such as…
6 is officially Christian
46 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 4
SKILLS WORK
1 Answer the question.

Can you name a place where people go on a pilgrimage or a retreat?

2a Look at the photo. Where are these pilgrims? Read the text and check your answer.

The Hajj: pilgrimage to Mecca

Muslims all around the world pray in the
direction of Mecca in Saudi Arabia. But why
is this?
Mecca is the location of the Grand Mosque which is
the most sacred place in the Islamic world because
at its centre there is an ancient building called the
Kaaba. This black marble building dates back to pre-
Islamic times, to about 2000 BC. It has been a place
of pilgrimage since then and wherever they are and
whatever they are doing, Muslims stop and pray in the
direction of the Kaaba five times a day.
In a corner of the Kaaba, there are pieces of an ancient All Muslims should go on a pilgrimage to Mecca once
stone, the Black Stone, which Muslims believe actually in their lifetime if they have enough money to do
date back to the time of Adam and Eve. Muslims so and are in good health. When pilgrims travel to
believe the Black Stone originally fell from Heaven as Mecca to complete the Hajj or pilgrimage, they walk
a sign from God to show Adam and Eve where to build anticlockwise seven times around the Kaaba and
an altar. Others think that the stone may simply be a many try to touch or kiss the Black Stone, so the stone
meteorite. But whatever you believe, it is clear that is highly polished from the millions of hands which
the stone has always had a special sacred significance. have touched it.
TRACK 39

2b Read the text and answer the questions. 4a Imagine you want to go on a retreat or
pilgrimage. Answer the questions.
1 Why do Muslims pray towards Mecca?
2 How old is the Kaaba? 1 Which reason would the journey mainly be for?
3 What do people believe is the origin of the a religious c historic or cultural
Black Stone? b sport d escape from modern life
4 Do all Muslims have to go on the Hajj ? 2 How would you prefer to travel?
5 How many times do pilgrims circle the Kaaba? a on foot c on horseback
b by bicycle d other
3a Listen to a pilgrim describing the Hajj. Are the
statements true (4) or false (7)? Correct the 3 How long would you like to travel?
40 false ones. a a month b a weekend c a week d a lifetime
1 She was very emotional when she first saw 4 What would the destination be?
the Kaaba. a a holy shrine c a natural feature
2 People only wash in the Zamzam water. b an ancient cultural icon d other
3 4HE MOST PHYSICALLY DIFFICULT PART FOR THIS PILGRIM
4b Compare your answers with a partner and
was standing in the hot sun all afternoon.
discuss where you might go and whether you
3b Listen again and match the day of the pilgrimage could travel together.
(1-3) to the activities (a-c).
40 I’d love to do the Camino de Santiago.
Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 I’ve heard it’s very beautiful and
a throw stones at three pillars which represent everyone is really friendly.
Satan
b pray on the Mount of Mercy between midday
and sunset I’m not sure… Too many people for
c drink the holy water from the spring of Zamzam me. I’m looking for peace and quiet.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 47
Faith

WRITING
1a Read the description of a faith school below and look at the photos. Which photo shows a
faith school?

1 2

Faith schools have to follow the national curriculum except for religious studies, where they teach their own religion.

1b You are going to read an essay entitled: Should faith schools receive government funding?
Decide if the sentences (1-6) are arguments for or against.
1 Some faiths have messages which are incompatible with the national curriculum.
2 Religious organisations have historically always played a part in education.
3 Parents should be able to choose an education which reflects their moral codes.
4 Faith schools can cause segregation of communities.
5 Faith schools are important for sustaining the religion, culture, identity and language of
different groups.
6 Children should study all types of religion to understand different values.

2a Read the text. Is the writer for or against religious schools being funded by the government?

Should faith schools receive government funding?

Faith schools in Britain have existed since the Middle Ages. Both the Church of England and the
Catholic Church first founded faith schools in the 16th century to provide education to children
from all social classes. These schools today receive some government funding, and parents also
contribute. Yet, surprisingly, there is now considerable debate in Britain about whether faith schools
should receive any government money.
Many people think children should learn about all faiths, and they also believe that one religion
should never be more important than another. However, I think parents have the right to choose an
education for their children which reflects their personal beliefs. Despite being true that children
should learn to respect others’ opinions, they also need to identify with their own religion and culture.
As regards the argument that faith schools lead to segregation of communities, personally I think
this is simply not true. In countries with no state-funded faith schools, for example France, there
are still problems with social integration. Another argument against faith schools is that certain
beliefs might be incompatible with the national curriculum. For example, some religions believe in
creationism, but the national curriculum teaches evolution. This is true in some extreme cases, even
so, I firmly believe that if all schools teach respect and understanding, then faith schools are a valid
educational option.
To conclude, while schools need to teach children about all religions, still, nevertheless people should
be able to maintain their own cultural and religious values. For this reason, I support the view that
faith schools should be government funded.

48 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 4

2b Look at the structure and contents of the for 6 She has an enormous salary, but still it isn’t
and against text. Choose the correct answers. enough. (yet)
1 In the introduction (paragraph 1) you should 5 Which word cannot be used in the sentences?
include anecdotes / general facts and context.
2 4HE ARGUMENTS FOR AND AGAINST SHOULD BE only 1 My parents were devout Christians.
listed / compared and contrasted. Nevertheless / Even so / As regards, they never
3 In the conclusion (paragraph 4) you should refer took me to church with them.
to only your personal opinion / both sides of 2 In spite of / Despite / Still being devout
the discussion and your personal opinion. Christians, they never took me to church.
3 He stole all my money. Even so / In spite of /
3 Match the functions (1-3) to the connectors (a-c). Nevertheless, I still love him.
1 to introduce a topic 3 to conclude 4 In spite of / Despite / However the fact that he
stole my money, I still love him.
2 to compare and contrast
5 %VERYONE VOTED FOR THIS 0RESIDENT IN THE LAST
a as we have seen, for this reason (for these election, to conclude / yet / even so, most
reasons), on the whole, to conclude people would not vote for him again.
b as regards, regarding, with regard to, as far as 6 4HE HOLIDAY WAS FUN BUT ) HAD SERIOUS ISSUES
... is concerned regarding / on the whole / as regards the price
c however, still, in spite of, despite, yet, of the hotel.
nevertheless, although, even so, in comparison 7 Stephen was an agnostic. Even so / Still / In
comparison, he went to church every Sunday.
Connectors: yet, still and even so 8 He couldn’t explain how it happened, yet / in
spite of / even so, he still didn’t believe it was
We use yet, still and even so to express contrast a miracle.
or surprise. They are less formal than however
and nevertheless.
s Yet and still are used to introduce a surprising
contrast. Writing a for and against essay
He’s always extremely rude, and yet people 6a Prepare to write an essay with the title: Should
like him. religion be taught in schools?
The weather was terrible. Still, we enjoyed
being on holiday. s Complete the table with your own ideas.
s Even so means however.
For Against
They are very rich. Even so, they’re not very
generous.
page 131
s Put similar ideas together and think of
appropriate connectors to link contrasting
4 Rewrite the sentences with the word(s) in ideas.
brackets.
s On balance, which side has the strongest
1 Despite the fact that the rescue teams stopped arguments? Decide what your opinion is.
the search for survivors, his wife never gave
up believing he was alive. (yet) 6b Write your essay (175-200 words). Remember to
include the following:
The rescue teams stopped the search for
survivors. Yet his wife never gave up believing s a clear introduction: facts, general views, context
he was alive.
s arguments for and against
2 Although the rescue teams stopped the search
s connectors for introducing topics
for survivors, she never gave up believing he
was alive. (even so) s connectors for comparing and contrasting
3 %VEN THOUGH SHE SEEMS TO BE TELLING THE TRUTH s connectors for concluding
I don’t trust her. (yet) s a balanced conclusion
4 Although she seems to be telling the truth, I s a personal recommendation
don’t trust her. (even so)
5 She is the richest woman in the country, but Writing Reference page 143
she isn’t happy. (still)

THAT’S ENGLISH! 49
 OBJECTIVES
Revision 1 s4O REVIEW THE CONTENTS OF UNITS  

LANGUAGE REVISION
1a Complete the text with the correct tense of 42 Listen and check.
the verbs in brackets. Use past simple, past
continuous, past perfect simple and past perfect
2b Listen again. Is the director asking real questions
continuous. Sometimes more than one tense is
or asking for confirmation in each case?
possible. 42

9ANNUS x LIVE IN THE DETENTION CENTRE FOR 3 Read the email from Yannus and choose the
TWO MONTHS WHEN HE found out THAT THE correct option.
GOVERNMENT 2x NOT  GO TO LET HIM STAY IN
THE COUNTRY (E was HAPPY BUT NOW HE FELT
DEVASTATED BECAUSE HE COULDNT RETURN TO $EAR -OTHER
THE COUNTRY WHERE HIS FAMILY 3x SUFFER
SO MUCH BECAUSE OF THE CIVIL WAR 3O HE 4HINGS ARE GOING absolutely  actually  pretty
decided TO ESCAPE AND TRY HIS LUCK AS AN ILLEGAL WELL NOW ) AM NO LONGER IN THE REFUGEE CENTRE
IMMIGRANT (E KNEW HE x HAVE TWO WEEKS AS 2firmly  hardly  surprisingly ) MANAGED
BEFORE BEING DEPORTED SO HE BEGAN TO STUDY TO ESCAPE LAST WEEK ) 3kindly  unfortunately 
THE MOVEMENTS OF THE GUARDS (E 5x NOTE pretty HAD TO COMMIT A SMALL CRIME TO GET
DOWN THE NAME AND TIME EACH GUARD came OUT BUT ) firmly  very  quite BELIEVE IT WAS
AND left AND BEFORE LONG HE 6x COMPILE THE RIGHT THING TO DO (ERE ) AM IN 3ALETON )T
A LIST OF THEIR SHIFTS (E THEN CHOSE A GUARD WAS 5very  absolutely  rather AMAZING WHEN
WHO 7x BE HIS HEIGHT AND WHO arrived LATE ) MET A MAN IN THE PARK WHO WAS 6simply 
AND 8x LEAVE SLIGHTLY EARLY EVERY DAY )N THE actually  completely FROM BACK HOME )
7hardly  really  sadly HAD ANY MONEY BUT HE
EVENINGS THIS GUARD went ROUND THE BACK FOR 8totally  really  kindly PAID FOR A HOTEL ROOM
A SMOKE JUST BEFORE LEAVING AND THATS WHEN
9ANNUS saw HIS CHANCE (E TOOK A BRICK 9x AND HELPED ME WITH MY DOCUMENTS )LL SEND
KNOCK HIM OUT THEN SWIFTLY CHANGED INTO THE YOU MY ADDRESS WHEN ) FIND SOMEWHERE
GUARDS UNIFORM "Y  PM HE x WALK OUT PERMANENT TO LIVE
OF THE DETENTION CENTRE READY FOR ADVENTURE ,OVE
9ANNUS
1b Look at the past simple verbs in bold in the
text and decide which ones could be used with 4 Choose the correct option.
would / used to, both or neither.
ADVICE ON TEMPORARY SUMMER WORK
2a The director of the detention centre is talking to IN THE UK
the guard. Complete the question tags. 1… on the Internet for websites for job advertisements.
a You must look b You should look c Don’t look
2… if you don’t have any experience, there are plenty
of unskilled jobs
a You should worry b You must worry c Don’t worry
but 3… show you are keen.
a you should b you mustn’t c don’t
4… check you have the necessary work permits.
a You shouldn’t b You should c Don’t
If you are an EU citizen, 5… have a permit.
a you mustn’t need to b you don’t need to c you shouldn’t
6… prepared to work for low wages at first.
1 3IT DOWN x 
a You can be b You can’t be c You should be
2 3OMEONE STOLE YOUR UNIFORM x 
7… that you have a contract before you go.
3 9OU WERENT IN THE DUTY STATION x 
a Try b Make sure c You should try
4 9OU WERE SMOKING OUTSIDE x 
8… speak English very well for some jobs, so this is a
5 9OU WONT DO IT AGAIN x 
good opportunity to learn.
6 9OU WANT TO KEEP YOUR JOB x  a You mustn’t b You don’t have to c You shouldn’t try to
7 ,ETS GIVE YOU ANOTHER CHANCE x 

50 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 Revision 1

5 Rewrite the sentences using reduced relative 3 3OME WORKMEN TRY TO RIP YOU x WHEN THEY
clauses. REPAIR SOMETHING AND THEN CHARGE A FORTUNE
4 3HE PUT x WITH THE SITUATION FOR YEARS BEFORE
1 (AVE YOU MET THE WOMAN WHO LIVES IN THE
SHE TOOK ACTION TO IMPROVE THINGS
HOUSE ON THE CORNER
5 -Y TEENAGE DAUGHTER IS SO MOODY ) HOPE SHE
2 (E IS THE MAN WHO YOU SHOULD ASK IF YOU NEED
GROWS x OF IT WHEN SHES OLDER
HELP
6 4HE COMPANY WHERE ) WORK HAS BEEN TAKEN x
3 4HIS IS THE MESSAGE THAT WAS GIVEN TO THE
BY A MULTINATIONAL ) HOPE ) DONT LOSE MY JOB
FOLLOWERS
7 (ENRY GOT x HORSE RIDING AT AN EARLY AGE AND
4 4HIS IS THE WAY THAT WE HAVE TO GO TO GET HOME
WAS A CHAMPION AT 
6 Rewrite the sentences using the words in
9 Complete the sentences with the correct form
brackets.
of the words in brackets.
1 (E LEFT HIS FAMILY (E GAVE ALL HIS MONEY TO
1 4HIS DEAL OFFERS US MUCH MORE x SO WE HAVE
THE #HURCH AS WELL NOT ONLY x BUT
MORE OPTIONS FOR EXPANSION FLEXIBLE
2 ) THOUGHT THE ACTING WAS AWFUL BUT THE PLOT
2 4HIS TYPE OF CABLE IS x TO ALL SORTS OF HOUSEHOLD
WASNT BAD WHEREAS
DEVICES ADAPT
3 )M NOT SURE THEY TOOK THE RIGHT ROAD WONDER
3 4HE COMPANY HAS LOST A LOT OF MONEY DUE TO
4 3HE DIDNT FEEL VERY CONFIDENT BUT SHE PASSED UNFAIR MARKETING PRACTICES BY ITS MAJOR x 
THE EXAM DESPITE COMPETE
5 ) REALISED IT WOULD MEAN A GREAT SACRIFICE BUT 4 $O YOU THINK THE MARKET WILL x OVER THE NEXT
) DECIDED TO HELP THEM EVEN SO FEW MONTHS STABLE
6 4HE REPORT IS INTERESTING BUT IT NEEDS MORE 5 4HE BANK TOOK OVER THE INSURANCE COMPANY IN
RESEARCH HOWEVER AN IMPORTANT COMMERCIAL x  OPERATE
7 9OU CAN SKI AND YOU CAN GO TO THE BEACH TOO 6 "UYING A PROPERTY IN ANOTHER COUNTRY IS A RISKY
IN 'RANADA NOT ONLY x BUT x  INVEST
8 (E LOST HIS KEYS (E MANAGED TO CLIMB IN
THROUGH THE WINDOW STILL 10 Complete the texts with the words from the box.
9 ) DONT THINK HELL ENJOY THE SHOW DOUBT
10 7HEN SHE SAW THE RESULTS SHE WAS RELIEVED ON assets blessings blind debts faith
fast leaf liquidation prayers sins
7 Complete the second sentence so that it has a
similar meaning to the first. Use the words in A
brackets. Write between two and five words. 4HE LATEST NEWS ON THE PROBLEMS OF 4RUPPS
!GENTS IS THAT THE REAL ESTATE COMPANY HAS
1 7E NEED TO REINVEST THE MONEY IN THE BUSINESS FINALLY GONE INTO x  4HE HOUSING MARKET HAS
PLOUGH BEEN VERY UNSTABLE AND THE COMPANY HAD FEW
2x TO COMPENSATE FOR THE 3x THEY HAD INCURRED
7E NEED TO x THE PROFITS INTO THE BUSINESS
3HAREHOLDERS ARE ANGRY BUT THE COMPANYS
2 ) DIDN|T DO WHAT ) PROMISED SO ) DISAPPOINTED
PRESIDENT HAS SAID THAT THEY ACTED IN GOOD x
THEM LET
AND HAD NO INTENTION TO DEFRAUD ANYONE
) DIDNT DO WHAT ) PROMISED SO ) x 
3 ) THREW AWAY ALL MY OLD SCHOOL BOOKS RID B
) x ALL MY OLD SCHOOL BOOKS -OST RELIGIONS REGARD LYING STEALING OR MURDER
4 )T TOOK HER A LONG TIME TO RECOVER FROM HER AS 5x  3OME ALLOW THE FAITHFUL TO REDUCE THE
OPERATION OVER EFFECT OF THE OFFENCE BY SAYING 6x  !LMOST ALL
RELIGIONS ADVOCATE SOME KIND OF 7x  WHEN
)T TOOK HER A LONG TIME TO x HER OPERATION
BELIEVERS DONgT EAT FOR A PERIOD OF TIME TO
5 4HE SITUATION IMPROVED AFTER A FEW MONTHS BECOME A BETTER PERSON
TURN
4HE SITUATION x FOR THE BETTER AFTER A FEW MONTHS C
) WAS WORRIED ABOUT MY SONS 8x FAITH IN HIS
8 Complete the sentences with a particle. NEW BUSINESS PARTNER (E HAD TO PUT UP A LOT OF
MONEY FOR THE PROJECT BUT FORTUNATELY AFTER A
1 ) WAS SURPRISED WHEN THE SKINNY BOY TURNED x FEW MONTHS HE REALISED WHAT WAS HAPPENING
TO BE A KARATE CHAMPION TURNED OVER A NEW 9x AND BEGAN TO TAKE
2 "EFORE YOU THROW x YOUR OLD CLOTHES CHECK MORE CONTROL ) HAVE TO COUNT MY x THAT THE
YOU HAVE LEFT NOTHING IN THE POCKETS BUSINESS IS NOW DOING WELL

THAT’S ENGLISH! 
Revision 1

SKILLS WORK
1 Do you think these statements are true (4) or false (7)?
1 "UDDHISTS BELIEVE IN THE GOD "UDDHA
2 4HE $ALAI ,AMA HAS NOT ALWAYS BEEN THE HEAD OF THE4IBETAN "UDDHISTS
3 4HERE HAS NEVER BEEN A FEMALE $ALAI ,AMA
4 4IBETAN "UDDHIST LAMAS HAVE TO BE BORN IN4IBET

Read the text and check your answers.

Buddhist tradition – moving towards change?

Buddhism is often described as a continuation of the faith. Buddhism the outcome is, when he dies, he
way of life rather than a religion. existed 1,800 years before the first would like to be reincarnated in a
The teachings of Siddhartha Dalai Lama, so the role has not position where he can continue to
Gotama, or Buddha, are used to always been essential. help humanity.
inspire followers to live a life
of peace, to be aware of their The Dalai Lama, as well as other
thoughts and actions, and to lamas, is chosen after the death of
develop understanding or wisdom. the spiritual teacher. Elderly monks
The final goal is enlightenment and search for the new lama and when
true happiness. Buddhism is not they believe they have found a
regarded as a religion because the young boy who has connections
Buddha is not a deity but simply with the deceased lama, they
a wise man. One of the principal conduct a simple test. The child
beliefs of Buddhists is that when we is shown certain objects, some of
die, we are reincarnated as another which belonged to the previous
body. Depending on the way we lama. If the boy selects the correct
have lived our lives, this rebirth can objects, then this is the sign that
be as any living creature: human or he recognises them, and he is the
animal. $ALAI ,AMA reincarnation. This happened to a
Spanish child, Ösel Hita, who was
The Dalai Lama is the spiritual In this era of democracy and found in 1986 and sent to be trained
leader of the Tibetan Buddhists. growing international pressure, it in an Indian monastery. However,
Not only is he a religious figure, but has been suggested that the political when he reached the age of 18, he
he is also the head of the Tibetan leader of the Tibetan government chose to leave the order and returned
government in exile. He is the 14th should be elected democratically. to Spain where he currently lives
Dalai Lama, and at the age of 79, he The Dalai Lama has also referred and studies. Even so, this has not
is thinking about his successor. In a to the possible selection of a perturbed the Buddhists who firmly
recent announcement, he has said woman as the 15th Dalai Lama, believe that he is the reincarnation (online source)
that he may be the last Dalai Lama, adapting the traditional customs of Lama Yeshe, and ultimately,
but that this is not significant in the to the modern world. Whatever events will run their course.
TRACK 43

2 Read the text again and answer the questions. 3a Listen to the conversation and tick (4) the
secrets that the people talk about.
1 7HAT DO FOLLOWERS OF "UDDHISM TRY TO ACHIEVE 44
2 !CCORDING TO "UDDHISM WHAT INFLUENCES THE 1 A BOMB THAT CAUSES A TSUNAMI
CREATURE WE REINCARNATE AS 2 A SECRET SERVICE AGENT WHO MIGHT HAVE INJURED
3 7HAT TWO ASPECTS OF SOCIETY DOES THE $ALAI *& +ENNEDY
,AMA LEAD IN4IBETAN SOCIETY 3 AN ATOMIC BOMB
4 )N WHAT WAYS MIGHT 4IBETAN "UDDHISM BE 4 THE LOCATION OF THE TOMB OF *ESUS #HRIST
MODERNISED 5 THE FORMULA FOR #OCA #OLA
5 7HICH OBJECTS DOES A POTENTIAL LAMA NEED TO 6 A HISTORY BOOK ABOUT THE DEATH OF +ENNEDY
CHOOSE TO PROVE HE IS THE REINCARNATION
6 7HERE DID ¾SEL (ITA LIVE AS A CHILD

52 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 Revision 1

3b Listen again and complete the table. Do the a !CTUALLY ) QUITE ENJOYED THE CLASSES BUT DIDNT
speakers believe the secrets? LEARN HOW TO SPEAK MUCH
44
b ) FIRST STARTED LEARNING %NGLISH WHEN ) WAS
Secret Where? When? Believable?
ABOUT TEN YEARS OLD
TSUNAMI c .OT ONLY DID ) LEARN A LOT OF SLANG BUT ) ALSO
YES
BOMB BEGAN TO APPRECIATE HOW THE CULTURE INFLUENCES
*ESUSS  THE LANGUAGE
TOMB YEARS AGO d !S FAR AS )M CONCERNED THIS WAS THE BEST WAY
TO LEARN
+ENNEDYS e !S A RESULT ) FEEL MUCH MORE CONFIDENT ABOUT
$ALLAS
ASSASSIN MY LEARNING
#OCA #OLA f 4HE TURNING POINT CAME WHEN ) WENT TO THE 5+
!TLANTA FOR SIX MONTHS
FORMULA
6 Now talk about how your own language
4 With a partner, role play the following situation. learning experience has changed over the years.
Use these questions to help you.
1 (OW DID YOU START LEARNING
ATell your partner about a secret you kept
from somebody close to you. 2 (OW DID YOU FEEL ABOUT YOUR LEARNING AT THE
BEGINNING
Use some of these ideas to help you:
3 7HAT EVENTS  SITUATIONS MADE YOU FEEL YOU
Something you did when you were young WERE MAKING PROGRESS
that you didn’t want your parents to know.
4 $ID YOU HAVE A TURNING POINT IN YOUR LEARNING
Something you kept from your partner.
5 7HAT DO YOU THINK MAKES FOR EFFECTIVE
Something you kept from your children. LANGUAGE LEARNING

7 What are the positive and negative aspects of

B Listen to your partner’s story, make starting your own business? Choose the correct
comments and ask some of these questions: option.
— How did you feel?
1 9OU CAN MAKE A LOT OF MONEY since  yet YOU
— What happened? CAN LOSE A LOT TOO
— Did they ever find out? 2 Although  Despite YOU CAN BE INDEPENDENT
— Did it change your relationship? YOU HAVE TO WORK LONG HOURS
— Would you do it again? 3 4HE RISKS MAY BE HIGH On the other hand, 
Also THE PROFITS MAY BE GREATER
4 4HE GOVERNMENT WANTS TO ENCOURAGE
In the summer, when I was a ENTREPRENEURS moreover,  whereas THE %5
teenager, I used to climb out of the PROVIDES LOANS TOO
window at night to go to parties.
5 9OU MUST DEVOTE  OF YOUR TIME TO YOUR
BUSINESS On the other hand,  Despite OWNING
A COMPANY GIVES YOU MORE SATISFACTION
Really? Did your
parents ever find out? 6 (IRING GOOD EMPLOYEES IS ESSENTIAL Moreover, 
However, THE LABOUR COSTS ARE VERY HIGH

5 You are going to give a talk for two minutes. 8 Match the headings (a-b) to the notes (1-6) from
Before you start, match the stages of the talk activity 7. Add your own ideas.
(1-6) to the sentences (a-f).
a POSITIVE ASPECTS
1 GIVING BACKGROUND INFORMATION b NEGATIVE ASPECTS
2 INTRODUCING SURPRISING OR CONTRADICTORY
INFORMATION 9 Write an essay with the title: Starting your own
business – an opportunity or a risk? Use the
3 INTRODUCING AN IMPORTANT CHANGE
ideas in activities 7, 8 and the models in units 2
4 GIVING SPECIFIC EXAMPLES and 4 to help you. Write 150-175 words.
5 GIVING PERSONAL OPINIONS
6 EXPLAINING A CONSEQUENCE

THAT’S ENGLISH! 53
UNIT
5 This is my space

OBJECTIVES
s 4O DISCUSS THE USE OF SPACE
s 4O MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS

A Sharing space
BEFORE YOU WATCH 4 Are the sentences true (4) or false (7)? Correct
the false ones.
1a Match the pictures (1-3) to the words (a-c).
1 Charles says that in the old office there wasn’t
1 2 3 enough space or light.
2 Danny complains that the room is too cold.
3 Danny also complains that Malcolm’s desk is
not big enough for all the things he has.
4 Mr Finchley thinks that Danny could move his
desk away from Malcolm and near the window.
5 Maria has met Danny before.
a a small airless office c a spacious office
b an open-plan office 5 Charles and Danny discuss the new open-plan
office. Match the words in bold from the box to
1b In which office is there: no space to move, lots their meanings.
of personal space, no personal space?
there’s no space to move it’s airy and roomy
it’s a spacious environment
WHILE YOU WATCH there’s no personal space it’s airless
2 Answer the questions. (Malcolm) takes up a lot of space

1 with a large amount of space

2 occupies
3 with a lot of floor space and windows
4 lacking fresh air
5 area you have to move around in
6 the physical distance between yourself and
1 Why is Charles in favour of an open-plan office? others

6 Use the correct form of some of the words from

the box in activity 5 to complete the text below.

Jason has to share a bedroom with his older

brother and so he doesn’t have his own 1… . His
brother has lots of computer equipment, games
and books and 2… nearly all the space which
2 Why does Maria like the open-plan office? means that there is almost no 3... . Jason dreams
that one day he will live in a lovely, 4… flat and
will have a(n) 5… bedroom all for himself.
AFTER YOU WATCH
3 Tick (4) the reasons why Danny is not very NOW YOU!
happy with the move to the open-plan office.
7 Talk about your bedroom. Is it airy and roomy?
1 He won’t have his own space. Is it spacious or too small? Do you share it with
2 Teamwork can develop. a member of your family? Is there any piece of
3 It will be difficult to concentrate. furniture which takes up a lot of space?
4 The company will become more productive.
My bedroom is... I like it because it...
5 He feels the company is watching the workers.

54 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the question: How important is it for you to have your own
private space?
1 How many of the eight speakers do you think will say it is important to have their own
private space?
2 Watch the video to see if you were right.

Darren Jude Lauren Peter Adrian Alan Alan Andy

9a Complete the sentences with one word.

1 Having his own space is important to Darren because he is an … child.

2 When Jude has had a long day she just wants to come home and … off.
3 Lauren thinks everyone needs their own space to … .
4 Peter thinks … space is important to be able to contemplate things like your goals.
5 Adrian thinks that nowadays we are too … .
6 Andy doesn’t like having his own private space because he gets … of his own company.

9b Tick (4) the sentences which are true. Correct the false ones.

1 Darren often likes being by himself just for a short time.

2 Lauren doesn’t need her own space to chill out after a busy day at work.
3 Alan thinks personal space is important because there are times when everything around
you just annoys you.
4 Andy likes spending time at home.

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH!

10a Look at the words in bold from activity 9b and 3 I don’t need my own personal space for a long
match them to the words below with a similar time, just … .
meaning. 4 I love … on a Friday night, especially if I’ve had
a … day in the office.
1 gets on your nerves
2 for a bit
3 staying in NOW YOU!
4 wind down 11 How important is it for you to have your own
5 hectic personal space?
6 be on his own
I come from a big family so
10b Use the correct form of the words and having my own personal space
expressions from activity 10a to complete the is… . Although I like to spend
sentences below. time…
1 In a shared flat, the lack of personal space can
really … . I live on my own so… . However,
2 I need a place where I can … and … , especially there are times when…
after I’ve had a difficult day.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 55
This is my space

READING
1a Match the list of different types of housing and
living spaces (1-6) to the definitions (a-f).
1 slum 4 shanty town
2 outskirts 5 shack
3 suburb 6 shelter

a a simple small building made of bits of wood

and other materials
b a place that provides protection
c a middle-class residential area or town near a city
d the outer parts of a town or city that are
farthest away from the city centre
e poor area of a town or city where the housing
is in a terrible condition Down in Dharavi
f area near a city where poor people live in
cheap housing they have built illegally We left behind the bright lights of Bandra-Kurla,
1b Listen and check your answers.
Mumbai’s financial district, and started walking
towards the slum. We passed rows and rows
45 of tiny cramped shacks made of all sorts of
materials – sheets of metal, pieces of wood and
2 Read an account of a visit to a slum in Mumbai. bits of plastic. To reach the entrance to the slum,
Where does it come from? we had to go past a huge pile of rubbish and
1 a magazine article about slums in India open toilets. The smell was terrible, far stronger
2 a travel website about Mumbai than anything I had experienced before, but I
held my breath and hurried after Sunlil. Provided
3 an autobiographical novel set in Mumbai
that I was with him, I knew I would be safe.
3 Find evidence in the text to support these
statements.
As we entered the slum’s narrow streets,
I remembered that only 35% of Mumbai’s
1 The writer doesn’t live in the slum. population of 18 million live in legal housing.
2 The writer isn’t used to unsanitary conditions. The other 65%, or at least the luckier ones,
3 The writer is aware of the potential danger to those who aren’t living under bridges or on the
herself in Dharavi. roadside without any shelter at all, live crammed
4 Far too many people live and work in Dharavi. into places like this. I was walking into Dharavi,
5 Where the writer lives is a more peaceful and Mumbai’s biggest zhopadpatti (the local word
open place. for slum or shanty town), where the population
6 The writer has disguised herself. density is one of the highest in the world. Half a
7 The writer is surprised but impressed by the million people live here, 12,000 people for every
cleanliness and tidiness of Sunlil’s home. 4,000 square metres. Everywhere I looked, I saw
8 Sunlil’s home has basic necessities but no children, dogs, people sitting in their doorways
luxuries. talking, cooking, making things, drinking tea,
sewing, sleeping... I had never been anywhere
4 What can you infer about events before and so overcrowded: the concept of personal space
after this passage? Answer the questions. just doesn’t exist. The streets were so narrow
1 Why has the writer come to Dharavi? Is she
trying to find or hide from someone? How do
you know?
5 Complete the definitions with the words in bold
2 Do you think the writer stays in Dharavi that in the text.
night? Give reasons for your answer.
1 If a space is described as … , it is very small
and difficult to move around in.
2 If a space is … something, it means it contains
a lot of something.
3 It’s difficult to breathe in an … place.

56 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 5

6a Listen to an interview
with filmmaker Parvati
47 Chowdry and answer
the question.
Why did Parvati want
to make a film
about Dharavi?

there was hardly enough space to move, yet I felt

strangely relaxed. Dressed in a sari with a scarf 6b Listen again and complete the expressions.
over my head, I was completely anonymous. As 47 1 The government thinks Dharavi is a … of space.
long as I didn’t do anything to draw attention to
2 Inside their tiny houses, the people hardly
myself, who would notice me here? have any space to … .
After about 20 minutes, Sunlil went through 3 Parvati missed not having any privacy or …
a small doorway. Inside, it was airless and space.
dark. A tiny window let in some light but not 4 In Dharavi people don’t let things … valuable
nearly enough to see clearly. However, when space.
my eyes finally adjusted, I saw that we were 5 Parvati admires how people … the best
in a small clean room painted bright blue. The possible … of the space they have.
walls were full of shelves packed with all the 6 The Kumars … space for Parvati in their home.
owners’ possessions, tidily arranged to make
7 Complete the summary with the words from
the best use of the limited space. There was a the box.
cooking platform with an oil stove on it, and
a whole row of metal containers, which were cramped personal made overcrowded
used for collecting water. Unless you were lucky
taking up use packed
enough to live next to one of the communal
water taps, carrying and fetching water would
inevitably be a big part of your daily routine in While making the film, Parvati shared a tiny
1… house, where she was 2… in with a family
the zhopadpatti. Although Sunlil’s family had a
fridge and a TV set, there were no toilet facilities of eight who somehow 3… space for her. She
in the house because there was no municipal found life there difficult, especially the lack
of 4… space, but she admired how people
system to take away waste water. My visits to
made the best possible 5… of any space and
the communal women’s latrine would be my resources they had. She wants the world to
least favourite part of my life in Dharavi, the know what life is like for people in the 6…
only thing I sometimes found almost too hard slums. The government thinks that Dharavi
to bear. is 7… valuable space in the city and wants to
TRACK 46 destroy it.

8 Are there any slums and shanty towns in your

country? Where are they? Why do you think
they exist?
4 A place is … when there are too many people
in it.
5 … is the opposite of wide. Where I live there aren’t any slums like there
are in India, but there are areas with poor
6 If people or things are … into a place, there
infrastructure and a low standard of living…
is not much room for them and they are very
close together.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 57
This is my space

LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Complete the text (1-6) with the missing 2a Listen to a description of a house and tick the
sentences (a-f). facilities it has.
48
meeting room temple library
banquet hall roof terrace bank
Property developers in Rio want to move
inner city families to the suburbs, but swimming pool cinema gym
there is considerable resistance among ice room ballroom sauna
the residents. 1Given that most residents helipad
have always lived in the city centre, it’s
not surprising that they wouldn’t want
to leave. However, 2… it’s clear that they
will continue to try to persuade people to
move. Most residents say they would be
quite happy to move to a more modern flat
3… . But they would never agree to move
4… . Land prices are constantly rising so

even 5… it still wouldn’t be profitable for

most families to sell, and in the present
political climate, the developers wouldn’t
dare force people to sell 6… .

a provided that their friends and family weren’t

too far away
b unless the developers paid them a fair price
for their homes
c as long as the developers are supported by
the local government,
d supposing that the developers offered the real
market value,
e in case it became a scandal
f Given that most residents have always lived
in the city centre,
2b Complete the conversation with the verbs in
brackets. Use first and second conditional forms.
If you think more than one form is possible,
If, unless, in case, provided that… write both.
We can use unless, in case, provided (that), as A: Supposing that you 1had enough money,
long as, supposing (that) and given (that) in 2would you ever build such an extravagant
conditional sentences. house (have / build)?
▶ Choose the correct answer to complete the B: Never! I 3… to live in such an enormous
information. place unless I 4… it with lots of people (not
want / share).
s To talk about events that are likely to happen
we use: A: Well, given that there 5… a ballroom and a
banquet hall, I expect that Mr Ambani 6… the
If + present / past simple, will + infinitive building for business too (be / use). Wouldn’t
Provided (that) I am with him, I will be safe. you love to go to a party there?
s To speculate about hypothetical (unreal) B: Not at all! It’s immoral to spend that much
events, we use: money on a private house. I 7… refuse the
invitation in case any of my friends 8… (have
If + present / past simple, would + infinitive to / find out)!
Supposing (that) we lived in the city, we A: Oh come on. I 9… anyone as long as you 10…
wouldn’t need a car. it a secret (not tell / keep). Anyway, I don’t
see what your problem is. Provided that Mr
page 132 Ambani 11… his money honestly, why 12…
he spend it any way he wants (earn / should
not)?

58 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 5

3 Look at the adjectives in the box. Choose the 2 I’m sorry this is taking so long but the legal
correct option to complete the sentences. aspect is much / complicated / more than we
had thought.
Positive Negative 3 I’m sorry but your computer is enough / not
spacious cramped nearly / advanced for this software.
huge / enormous tiny / minute 4 Our holiday was too / short / much.
airy airless 5 We’ve booked a hotel room for you, but don’t
worry, it’s expensive / not / all that.
well-ventilated stuffy
6 Bring a sweater because the weather is warm /
bright / cheerful gloomy / dark
less / slightly than we anticipated.
roomy poky
5 Fill in the gaps with the correct modifiers and
1 Due to the large windows, the room felt adjectives.
spacious / cramped even though it wasn’t.
2 How did she cram all her possessions into much cheaper far more spacious
such a huge / tiny space?
not nearly as difficult
3 With the hot sun and closed windows, the
atmosphere was unbearably stuffy / cramped. slightly colder hardly qualified enough
4 He thought of his dark poky / spacious flat with not nearly old enough
its cramped / cheerful, airless / airy rooms and
felt depressed. 1 It’s … today than yesterday.
5 The tent was surprisingly roomy / airy inside: 2 He’s … for the post.
there was room for five people.
3 It’s relatively easy to buy a house here – it’s …
6 The hotel lobby was well-ventilated / stuffy as in London.
thanks to the large windows, and was a dark /
bright cheerful place to be. 4 Those kids are … to be drinking alcohol!
5 Listen, you can save money! The property here
is … than in the city centre.
Modifiers 6 Of the two apartments, I prefer this one. It’s
got bigger windows and it’s … .
Modifiers with comparative structures:
s much / far bigger than 6a Underline the word you think is stressed for
The streets in India are far narrower than the emphasis in each phrase.
streets in Europe.
1 They’re far too attached to their own offices.
s a (little) bit / not much / slightly bigger than 2 It’s not nearly light enough to see.
Sunlil’s shack was slightly bigger than his
3 It’s slightly more expensive, but not much.
neighbour’s.
4 It’s not all that difficult.
s not nearly as big as 5 They’re much more complicated.
Your house is not nearly as nice as mine.
Modifiers with too and enough: Pronunciation Guide page 147

s much / far too small

It’s much too cramped in this house.
6b Listen, check and repeat.
s not nearly / hardly big enough
It’s not nearly cheerful enough for a baby’s 49
room.
It’s hardly spacious enough for a fridge.
7 Describe the spaces below to your partner. Use
a variety of modifiers.
page 132
s a personal space you like or dislike
s a public space you like or dislike
4 Put the adjectives and modifiers in the correct
order. My garage isn’t nearly big enough for both
our cars and the children’s bikes, and it’s far
1 We can’t possibly rent this flat; it’s small / too / too dusty and dirty – I hate going there.
far.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 59
This is my space

B Live in a harmonious space

DOCUMENTARY 2 In terms of privacy, Irish people value / don’t
value their personal space.
1a Look at the photo of a Chinese building 3 Canadians are friendly people. However, they
constructed following the principles of feng like / don’t like to spend time on their own.
shui. Do you know anything about feng shui?
4 When Scottish people are walking about, they
don’t mind / like having other people in their face.
5 There is very close contact on public transport,
so English people usually worry / don’t usually
worry about personal space.

THAT’S IRELAND
5 Which of these two sights in the Aran Islands
do you think is more popular? Watch and check
your answers.
1b Match the words (1-3) to their meanings (a-c).
1
1 clutter 2 to get rid of something 3 to flow
a to move in a smooth way
b things in an untidy state
c to throw away (or give away) something you
don’t really need 10th century sunken church
2
2 Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 What can you improve by following the
Chinese system of finding harmony in your
surroundings?
2 Why does Susie examine the earth energies The Plassey cargo shipwreck
when she goes into a house?
3 Why did Rupert invite Susie to assess his 6 Are the sentences true (4) or false (7)?
home?
1 There are three Aran Islands and only around
4 What does Susie say is the first and most 300 people live on the smallest island during the
important principle of feng shui? summer.
5 What happens if our homes are full of clutter? 2 Gaelic is only spoken when the islanders are
6 What does Susie say about the word wealth? near tourists.
7 What did Rupert learn from Susie’s 3 There are about 1,600 km of ancient stone
assessment? walls all over the island.
8 What does Susie feel she helps people connect 4 At one point the sunken church had completely
with? disappeared under a lot of sand.
5 The residents keep the sunken church clean of
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES sand.
6 Traditional music developed in Doolin because
3 Listen to the speakers talking about the it was protected from other forms of music
importance of personal space to people in their like dance music.
country. Tick (4) the countries in which personal
space isn’t really an important issue.
NOW YOU!
1 USA 4 Canada 7 England
7 Are there any islands in your country? What can
2 South Africa 5 Jamaica
you see and do there?
3 Ireland 6 Scotland
The island of Lanzarote is not the smallest of
4 Watch again and choose the correct option. the Canary Islands, but in my opinion… you
1 In the USA people usually leave some / a lot of can see… and… The people on the island are...
space between themselves and the person in and… The typical food is… and it is delicious…
front of them in a queue.

60 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 5
SKILLS WORK
1 Would you like to spend some time living in London or any other city? Say why.

I’d love to live in London or New York, or maybe Paris! They’re very cosmopolitan and exciting
places, even though they’re rather overcrowded and perhaps a little bit too polluted…

2 Read the article and decide if the sentences are true (4) or false (7). Correct the false ones.

So you think you want to live in London…

…well, unless you are very rich, think again. Because
Britain is a small island, with a dense population,
space is expensive. House prices in general tend to
be high, but in the capital city, they are incredibly
expensive. Also, as London is an important world
financial centre, lots of rich foreigners (as well as
rich British people) want to own property there: as
a result, the average house price in London is now Friends, and you’re already imagining a relaxing
over £420,000, more than 16 times the average comfortable lounge in which to catch up with your
Londoner’s salary of £24,800. housemates and share a meal with at the end of
All of this, of course, creates problems for ordinary a busy working day, you’ll be disappointed. Most
Londoners. If you do want your own personal space, property owners want to rent out as many rooms
you have to spend a huge proportion of your salary as possible as bedrooms, so a cramped kitchen is
on rent, in exchange for a one-room studio or a often the only shared communal space where you
tiny poky apartment. The other solution is a house can meet and talk to your housemates. And I leave
share, but it isn’t always easy to learn to share you to imagine the problems of sharing a bathroom
your life with a group of strangers. If your image with five or six other adults, all of whom leave for
of house sharing is based on the American sitcom work at about the same time every day.
TRACK 50

1 It’s not a good idea to move to London unless you’re rich.

2 House prices outside London are generally cheap.
3 Houses are expensive in London because the average salary is high.
4 House sharing is easy and affordable.
5 The TV series Friends gives a realistic picture of house sharing.
6 There are few communal spaces in shared flats or houses because owners want to use every
available room as a bedroom.

3a Listen to two people describing how they would change their present homes to make them
their dream homes. Complete the table about their present homes.
51
Country / City Location of building Type of building Lives with
Dorcas USA, Denver
Ramón Spain, Barcelona

3b Listen again and complete the information about what each person would change.

51 Layout change What they would What they Style of furniture

get rid of would put in & décor
Dorcas
Ramón

4 Think about your present home and how you would change it. Write a paragraph describing
how you would create your dream home.
Well, first of all I’d replace the small old windows with bigger and better insulated ones. Then, I’d …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 61
This is my space

SPEAKING
1 Listen to a meeting at the Locus Company in Hong Kong. Choose the correct answers.
52 1 The people are discussing … .
a when they are going to move into the new office
b how to decorate the new office
2 Wei-Wei recommends that first they … .
a clean the offices
b consult a feng shui expert
3 Jill suggests they find out … .
a how much it costs to paint and furnish the office
b how big their budget is
4 Jill and Sherman disagree with Wei-Wei because … .
a they don’t believe in feng shui
b they don’t think feng shui is a priority
5 John … .
a agrees with Jill
b agrees with Wei-Wei
6 At the end of the discussion, they agree to … .
a talk to their Chinese customers and employees
b consult a feng shui expert

2a Complete the table with the words from the box. Listen and check.

53 Agreeing That’s 1… going to say.

took the words worth You 2… right out of my mouth!
not entirely sure That’s 3… I was trying to make.
wait and see Disagreeing I think you 4… forgetting that…
strongly recommend I’m 5… I agree with you there.
exactly the point I wouldn’t quite 6… myself.
put it that way might be Recommendations I would 7… that we… I suggest 8… them to…
and suggestions I think the best option would be to 9… .
just what I was asking
Personally, I think it’s always 10… investing…

Review of agreeing and disagreeing page 133

2b Listen to the intonation of the sentences from activity 2a and repeat.

53
Giving recommendations and making suggestions
s recommend / suggest + (that) + base form s recommend / suggest + -ing
I recommend (that) she respect the local I recommend / suggest asking the Four
customs. Winds Feng Shui Company.
I strongly recommend / suggest (that) we
begin with a feng shui consultation.
page 133

3 Choose the correct answer.

1 Most interior designers would recommend that you use / to use / using warm neutral colours
to decorate your home.
2 The architect recommended to install / installing / install underfloor heating.
3 Our office manager has suggested that we turning / turn off / to turn off the computers at
night to save money.
4 She suggested bought / buy / buying new curtains.

62 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 5

4 Talk to a partner. Make suggestions and recommendations in two different ways for the
situations below using the words in brackets.
1 Those curtains are a horrible colour. (suggest / buy some new ones)
I suggest that you buy some new ones. / I suggest buying some new ones.
2 I’m worried that the building will be cold in winter. (recommend / install underfloor heating)
3 The electricity bill was very high last month. (suggest / switch off computers at night)
4 It’s difficult to clean this carpet. (recommend / use this cleaning fluid)
5 The room is very dark and poky. (recommend / paint everything white)
6 I want to redecorate but I don’t know where to start. (suggest / look at design magazines)

Interaction: a debate
5a A large area of derelict land is to be developed for public use. Listen to Diana and Bill from
the city council debating how to use the land. What does each person suggest?
54

5b Listen again. Match the beginnings of the expressions for arguing and debating
(1-6) to the endings (a-f).
54
1 The worst a you’re saying, but…
2 I hear what b with anything you’ve said, but...
3 Besides, on a practical c always worth doing.
4 That’s something that’s d remains that…
5 I don’t disagree e option would be to…
6 The fact f level, doing X is just not possible.

6a Read two more suggestions for how the land could be used. Think about the advantages and
disadvantages of these options and make notes.
A Office facilities for freelancers and the unemployed

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
– Encourage development of small businesses – Won’t be useful for rest of citizens
– Social space for homeworkers / exchange of –
ideas and networking –
– Informal job centre: learn about job
opportunities
–

B New city centre car park

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
– Extra parking for city hospital and other –
services –
–

6b Have a debate with your partner. Discuss the topics in activity 6a. Use expressions from
activities 2a and 5b to discuss as many points as possible.
A: State your choice and give reasons. B: Disagree and give reasons.

Personally, I think it’s always worth I’m sorry, but I think people should
doing everything we can to help look after themselves and not rely
people who are out of work. on unemployment benefits.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 63
UNIT
6 How can I help?

OBJECTIVES
s 4O TALK ABOUT THE EFFICIENCY OF SERVICES
s 4O WRITE A LETTER OF COMPLAINT

A DIY: Do It Yourself, or not!

BEFORE YOU WATCH 4 Answer the questions.

1 Look at the pictures of things that can go wrong 1 What does Danny decide to do after Karen
in a rented house. tells him the bathroom is flooded?
2 What does Danny hate about the automatic
1 2 answering service?
3 What does the automatic answering service
keep doing?
4 What does the plumber say has to happen to
the pipes?
Would you ask your landlord, a plumber, an 5 Why did Karen leave a really generous tip in
electrician or a technician to fix these things? the restaurant?
6 Why do Karen and Danny decide to catch the
WHILE YOU WATCH bus instead of a taxi?

2 Answer the questions. 5 Tick (4) the things that the landlord, Mr Riley,
keeps promising to do but hasn’t done yet.
1 change the mattress on Karen’s bed
2 get the washing machine repaired
3 fix the vacuum cleaner
4 fix the letterbox on the front door
5 pay Karen and Danny for the roof they had
1 Why doesn’t Mr Riley want to call a plumber to repaired a year ago
mend the pipe in the bathroom?
6 Use the correct form of the words from the box
to complete the text below.

break down down the drain to leak

fix / repair / mend something yourself
a technician

If there is one thing that really gets on

2 Why does Karen think Danny is optimistic? Sandra’s nerves, it is throwing money 1… .
Last week, her dishwasher 2… so she decided
AFTER YOU WATCH to 3… it … . However, the repair was so big
that she couldn’t do it. So, 4... came, fixed her
3 Are the sentences true (4) or false (7)? Correct machine and charged her a lot of money. She
the false ones. discovered one week later that the dishwasher
was 5… again. What a waste of money!
1 The supermarket hasn’t got a delivery service.
2 Danny has already called Mr Riley and told him
about the leaking bathroom sink. NOW YOU!
3 The first time Danny used the vacuum cleaner
it worked perfectly. 7 When was the last time you threw money
‘down the drain’?
4 The shop assistant told Mr Riley the new pipes
have to be sealed in a proper way.
I bought a … and that was really throwing
5 Mr Riley hates it when shop assistants know money down the drain because...
all about the products they are selling.

64 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the following questions: Have you ever complained about
services in public places, restaurants, hotels...? What happened?
1 Think of two types of things the speakers might have complained about.
2 Watch the video to see if any of your ideas were mentioned.

Nadine Jude Nip Ian Peter Charlotte Jo

9a Complete the table below with the names of the speakers who:

have never complained have complained on one regularly complain

occasion or only occasionally

9b Answer the questions.

1 What does Nadine think she should complain about?

2 When does Jude occasionally complain?
3 What did the restaurant offer Nip after he lodged a complaint?
4 Where does Ian mainly complain?
5 What is Peter always complaining about?
6 What did McDonald’s give to Charlotte after she complained about the stale bread?

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH!

10a Jude, Ian, Peter and Jo use conditional sentences. 10c Use the correct form of the expressions in bold
Match the two halves. to complete the sentences below.
1 If food isn’t cooked well, or if there’s a hair or 1 When John is annoyed by the service he has
something in it, received, he usually … so it won’t happen
2 If you are unhappy with the service, again.
3 If things are wrong, 2 Jane’s food was cold and awful, so she went to
the manager to … .
4 If they can improve themselves,
3 Yolanda can’t stand people who … everything
5 If you don’t tell them,
to … and never make an official complaint.
a don’t sit there and moan about it to yourself.
b then I’ll complain. NOW YOU!
c they won’t know.
d I like to point it out. 11 Write about a time you complained or about
something you think you should complain
e then tell them. about.
10b Match the expressions in bold from activities 9b I have never lodged a formal complaint
and 10a to their meanings. because... However, …
1 complain about things but not in an official
way or to anyone else
2 bring something to someone’s attention
3 make an official complaint

THAT’S ENGLISH! 65
How can I help?

READING
1a Which of the activities in the photos would you
prefer to do yourself? Why? At your
1 3
service
– I’m Eva,
your virtual
2 4 assistant!
Do you always have a to-do list which
never seems to get done? Do you
envy celebrities who have a personal
assistant to efficiently take care of all
the boring jobs? The Internet has now
made it possible for anyone to have a
1b Which ones would you like someone to do for virtual assistant (VA). Meet Eva to find
you? Why? out how it works.
1 ...
2a Read Eva Galang’s interview about her job.
Which job is most like hers? With the growth of the Internet, many
businesses realised they could save money
1 a researcher by outsourcing or employing staff in English-
2 a personal assistant speaking countries like the Philippines to
3 a shop assistant do specific jobs at specific times. A number
of agencies came into service which provide
2b Complete the gaps in the text (1-6) with the virtual assistants for a fraction of the cost of
questions Eva answered (a-g). There is one extra employing someone full-time. Now employing
question. a VA is hugely popular.
a Are there any drawbacks or disadvantages?
2 ...
b What kind of clients employ a VA?
I’m well qualified to perform all sorts of
c What are some of the more unusual tasks office tasks, like writing reports, making
you’ve done?
spreadsheets or organising information. But
d How did the virtual assistant service first start? I am often asked to undertake more personal
e What about job satisfaction?
f Do you mind being paid less than you would
get if you worked in Britain?
g What kind of jobs can you cover?
3 Virtual assistants are ... .
3 Read the text again and choose the correct a good at arranging for repairs to be done
option. b good at doing repairs themselves
1 When a company outsources, they … . 4 When Eva says she can’t praise her company
highly enough, she means they are … .
a employ another company or expert to do a
particular task a a great company to work for
b use one of their own employees who is an b a terrible company to work for
expert 5 Eva ... .
2 Employing a virtual assistant is ... . a can’t say her company is good
a half the cost of a full-time assistant b can’t find anything negative to say about her
b relatively inexpensive company

66 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 6

tasks. If a client’s washing machine keeps 8 Eva … .

making a strange noise, I email to get some a is sometimes asked to do personal things
prices and then get it repaired. Last week, a for her customers
client forgot his wife’s birthday so I quickly had b is only asked to deal with work-related issues
some flowers delivered to her! for her customers

3 ... 4a Listen to the conversation between a hotel

Our salaries are much higher than the average concierge and a guest and choose the correct
58 option.
here and the working conditions are excellent.
We have tens of thousands of graduates 1 James offers / doesn’t offer to help the guest.
entering the job market here every year so any 2 The hotel’s fitness centre closed / opened last
opportunites are welcome. The government week.
is actively encouraging service industries like 3 The lift to the fitness centre is / isn’t working.
ours with reduced taxes.
4 The hotel guests can / can’t use the swimming
pool.
4 ...
5 The hotel tennis courts are open / closed.
I can’t praise my company highly enough. It’s
absolutely first class working here: we have 6 The woman thinks the hotel is / isn’t concerned
about its sports facilities.
superb modern offices and helpful managers.
I love it when clients appreciate the work I’ve 7 James was / wasn’t happy to help the guest.
done, and I know I’ve made a difference in their
4b Listen again and match the expressions (1-6) to
busy lives. I love to be of service.
the meanings (a-f).
58
5 ... 1 at your service
It can be frustrating when we try to Skype 2 to come into service
and the connection keeps failing or when the 3 out of service
Internet is out of service. Sometimes messages 4 in service
are misunderstood if the client isn’t used to the
Philippine accent. Customers hate it when they 5 to pay lip service
have to ask us to repeat something: they’re 6 to be of service
embarrassed and say, ‘I’m afraid there’s a a to begin to operate
problem with the line’.
b currently functioning
6 ... c ready and available to help someone when
they need it
I’ve created a diet plan for a client and had the
special food delivered to him. I’ve read bedtime d to state something publicly but do nothing to
support it
stories down the phone and even chosen an
engagement ring for a client’s girlfriend from e not currently functioning
a selection which was sent to me! f to help someone or be useful to them
(online source)

5 Complete the sentences with a suitable

TRACK 57
expression from activity 4b.
1 I couldn’t get you a coffee as the vending
machine is ... .
6 Technology problems ... . 2 I’m your guide while you are in the UK, Terry
a are one of the reasons communication Morris ... .
breaks down 3 The new jetliners ... on the transatlantic route
b are the only reason communication breaks early this year.
down 4 Our company has over 300 buses ... at the
moment.
7 Customers ... .
5 I tried to pay the man who helped us after the
a admit that they can’t understand the car broke down, but he refused and said he
Philippine accent was glad ... .
b prefer to blame technology when they can’t 6 Many companies just ... to equality between
understand the Philippine accent the sexes because they promote male
employees first.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 67
How can I help?

LANGUAGE STUDY
1a Rewrite the sentences in the passive. 3 Tony suggests asking a builder to repair the
ceiling.
1 Painters were painting the room. 4 The previous owners installed the kitchen
The room was being painted (by the painters). themselves.
2 We will consider your offer. 5 Tony first suggests asking painters to repaint
3 The team had lost the game. the bedrooms.
4 She will have finished the project. 6 Tony doesn’t think that he and Sally can repaint
5 He is going to repair the roof. the bedrooms.
6 They can replace the motor. Causative have: to have / get something done
1b Rewrite the sentences in two different ways in ▶ Look at the sentences below. Which sentences
the passive. mean: 1 I did the job myself or 2 I arranged for
someone else to do it?
1 Sarah’s boss is going to give her a pay rise for
all her hard work. a Tony had tidied up the garden.
Sarah is going to be given a pay rise for all her b Tony had / got the garden tidied up.
hard work (by her boss). c The previous owners had installed a new kitchen.
A pay rise is going to be given to Sarah for all
her hard work (by her boss). d The previous owners had / got a new kitchen
installed.
2 The shop offered the customers a discount. page 134
3 The hotel manager has given the concierge a
bonus. 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form
4 The judges will present the winner with a medal. of have / get + object + past participle.
5 Teachers can give their students surprise exams.
1 Before the party, she ... (her hair, do).
Review of passive forms page 134
Before the party, she had her hair done.
2 My car broke down so I ... (it, repair) at the
garage.
2 Rewrite the highlighted information in the passive. 3 I ... (my eyes, test) this week as I need new
Eliminate the agent when it is not needed. glasses.
4 Do you like this colour? We’ve ... (the room,
Builders have started work on the Crossrail decorate) recently.
project in London, which is one of the largest
building projects in Europe. Engineers have 5 Have you seen Betty? She’s ... (her hair, dye)
designed a huge tunnel which will run for blue!
42 km from east to west and workers are 6 My hair is too long, I’m going to ... (it, cut)
excavating it with eight huge machines. The tomorrow.
tunnel will reduce travelling time for millions 7 My parents ... (a new bathroom, build) last year.
of commuters in the future. Planners had 8 Sorry about the mess, we ... (new windows,
proposed the original tunnel in 1948 but no install) at the moment.
one built it due to lack of money. Someone
will open the tunnel in 2018 and by then, the 5a Listen to three conversations. For each one
builders will have moved 5 million tonnes of decide:
earth to Essex. 60
1 what they are discussing
3a Listen to Tony and Sally discussing renovation 2 if they are praising or complaining
plans for their new house. Choose the correct
59 Praising and criticising
answer.
I love it when clients appreciate the work I’ve
1 They are going to do all the work themselves. done.
2 They are going to ask other people to do most I love clients appreciating the work I’ve done.
of the work. I can’t praise her work highly enough.
She hates it when her children won’t eat their
3b Listen again and decide if the sentences are true
supper.
(4) or false (7). Correct the false ones.
59 She can’t stand her children watching so
1 Tony tidied up the garden himself. much TV.
page 134
2 A company is going to replace the windows.

68 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 6

5b Listen and complete the extracts with the 2 She’s kept writing to me after all these years.
missing words. Speaker 1 Speaker 2
61
1 I can’t praise the … . 3 My girlfriend’s always cooking me special
meals.
2 Everything was … .
Speaker 1 Speaker 2
3 I’m ... there’s a … with this fish.
4 Sam keeps saying I’m beautiful.
4 I … drinking warm white wine.
Speaker 1 Speaker 2
5 It was ... first class.
6 It was the ... . 62 Listen again and repeat.

5c Listen again. Repeat and copy the stress and

intonation. 8a Read the text and look at the nouns in bold.
61 Which are singular and which are plural?
Keep + -ing / present continuous + always
We can use keep + -ing or present continuous +
always to complain about an irritating habit or
Action against Internet trolls
to show we are pleased about a repeated action. Police are becoming concerned over the
You’re always losing your keys. misuse of the Internet by unkind people
Why does he keep calling me? (known as trolls) who write abusive messages
My girlfriend’s always cooking me lovely meals. online. ‘The government is planning to take
My friends keep telling me how beautiful I am. action against such harmful behaviour’ said
the Home Secretary. The youth of Britain are
page 135 facing verbal attack online and this is a serious
problem. The committee is investigating the
6 Complete the text with the correct form of the situation and will report next month.
verbs in brackets.

We live in a pleasant street. People 1… Singular and plural collective nouns

(always, help) each other. Mrs Brown at
no. 56 2… (always, bake) delicious cakes for Police, people and youth are plural forms and
everyone. She 3… (keep, say) she’ll invite us must be used with plural verb forms.
to tea one day and I just can’t wait! But there Government, committee, team, club, jury,
are a few annoying problems. The people in orchestra, staff, etc. are used with singular
no. 54 4... (always, park) their car outside our verbs when they refer to a unit rather than
house. We’ve asked them not to but they 5... individual members.
(keep, do) it. Their dog is left outside all night The jury decides if the accused is guilty or
and 6... (always, bark). They’ve promised innocent.
to keep the dog inside, but they 7... (keep,
forget). My husband 8... (always, say) he‘ll The (members of the) jury were
report them to the police but he never does! accommodated in a hotel.
page 135

Pronunciation: expressing annoyance or

surprise and approval 8b Circle the correct verb form.
keep + -ing / present continuous + always can
1 The team was / were well-prepared for the match.
express annoyance or surprise and approval
depending on the tone of voice. 2 The youth in many towns suffers / suffer from
boredom.
My boyfriend’s always buying me presents.
3 The police has been / have been looking for an
This can mean I love it or I wish he would stop. escaped prisoner.
page 148 4 The committee hasn’t / haven’t reached a
decision.
7 Listen and decide if the speakers are expressing 5 The staff disagrees / disagree with each other
annoyance (A) or surprise and approval (SA). about the new timetable proposals.
62
6 People worries / worry about online danger.
1 My boyfriend’s always buying me presents.
7 The government keeps / keep proposing new
Speaker 1 SA Speaker 2 A laws to protect the rich.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 69
How can I help?

B Would you like to volunteer your time?

DOCUMENTARY 4 Match the countries to the social services
mentioned. Which two people didn’t mention
1 Look at the pictures of people volunteering. any specific social care?
What do you think they are volunteering to do?
USA Australia India
1 3
Canada Jamaica England

THAT’S IRELAND
5 Look at the Cliffs of Moher and the beach
of Lahinch in County Clare and answer the
questions. Watch the video to check your
2 4 answers.

2 Watch the documentary and choose the correct

option. 1 How long do you think it would take to walk
along the top of the cliffs?
1 … people volunteered so that the 2012 Olympic
Games went well. 2 What sports do you think are popular in Lahinch?
a 17,000 b 70,000 c 700,000 6 Now watch the video again and answer the
2 The Woodland Trust’s objective is to plant trees, questions.
… woods and inspire others to enjoy nature.
The Cliffs of Moher
a protect b look after c take care of
1 Why might it take you quite a long time to
3 The time Brian Legg spends volunteering … at walk the cliffs?
different times of the year, but he usually does 2 What two things does Katherine think people
one or two days a week. come to see?
a changes b rotates c varies 3 What was the main reason for O’Brien’s tower
4 The second volunteer enjoys the total … being built in 1835?
between being outdoors and the job he did
before he retired. The base of the Cliffs of Moher
a difference b contrast c freedom 4 What kind of view can you get from the base
of the cliffs?
5 Some people volunteer to get … experience 5 How many years did it take for the different
for a future career. layers of rock to form the cliffs?
a valuable b important c essential 6 What can you see on the cliffs?
6 Rose Ellen thinks that as well as being kind,
friendly and … , volunteers also have to turn Lahinch
up at the right time. 7 Why is Lahinch a popular surfing destination?
a dependable b honest c reliable 8 How long has surfing been popular in Lahinch?
9 Why is the winter the best time to come
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES surfing?

3 Listen to the speakers talking about the social

services provided in their country. Tick (4) the NOW YOU!
one they don’t mention.
7 What do you think the most visited landmarks
student loans childcare healthcare in your country are?
help for young school leavers
There are so many landmarks in my
care for the disabled care for the elderly
country that it is difficult to pick one...
old age pensions help with rent Maybe… or… which is also very popular.
unemployment benefits

70 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 6
SKILLS WORK
1 Read the entries for the consumer blog. Tick (4) the topics that are discussed.
buying online poor staff training getting a refund unreliable repairmen
automated call answering delivery difficulties out-of-stock items rude staff

The customer is always right?

This week our consumer news blog focuses on customer service
1 I can’t stand it when you ring a company and you are taken through a series of automated
messages: press 1 if you want customer service, press 2 if you want to order, press 3 if you
want to go crazy..., and then when you finally pick a number, they keep playing that awful
music. They’re always interrupting it with another extremely irritating message like, ‘Your
call is important to us’. Is it really? If it was, they’d answer it and let me speak to a real
person, not a robot! Gary T
2 Another annoying thing is the complete inability of companies to find a way of delivering
goods to fit in with modern lifestyles. We can’t all stay in all day just to receive parcels! It
drives me crazy when I get home in the evening and find a note to say they couldn’t deliver
my stuff, so now they’ve taken it back to the post office. Why not change the schedules and
deliver between 7 and 10:30 p.m. instead? Monica B
3 Yes, I totally agree; and don’t mention having things repaired, like the washing machine or
the dishwasher. I hate it when you have to take time off work and wait in all day and then,
no one turns up! It’s absolutely ridiculous. They should give you an agreed time period of
say two hours, and if they don’t come on time, the customer pays less. They might get
more efficient if they lost money! Terri J
4 On another topic, even with computer databases and ordering, why is it that shops never
have enough shoes in small or large sizes? My feet are size 44 but whenever I try to buy
shoes, they keep saying, ‘Oh, we had one pair of 44’s but we sold them. We won’t be getting
TRACK 63 any more in till next week’. It’s simple supply and demand. It’s not rocket science! Ben M

2 Match the blog posts (1-4) to the summaries (a-d).

a There should be a financial penalty for companies who waste customers’ time.
b The delivery schedules of many companies are based on out-of-date practices.
c Businesses should make better use of technology to supply what customers want.
d Some aspects of technology in customer service are very unhelpful.

3a Listen to the radio interview. What issue are they discussing?

64 1 the high quality of the emergency phone services

2 the low quality of the emergency phone services
3 the misuse of the emergency phone services

3b Listen again. Match the numbers (1-6) to the things they refer to (a-f).

64 1 95% a emergency phone number

2 101 b real emergency phone calls made
3 100,000 c number of non-essential calls to ambulance service last year
4 40% d increase in non-essential calls to police
5 999 e money wasted every year
6 30 million f phone number for non-essential advice

4 Talk with a partner about some aspect of customer service that annoys you.

I can’t stand it when... I think it’s absolutely ridiculous... Why not...?

THAT’S ENGLISH! 71
How can I help?

WRITING
1 Read the email. What is its purpose?
1 to praise 2 to complain 3 to ask for information

To: [email protected]
CC:
Subject: Luxus washing machine

Dear Sir or Madam,

I’m writing to complain about a Luxus washing machine, model 7009 costing £349, which I
bought from you two months ago, but it has never worked properly. Also, I must add that I am
very dissatisfied with the customer service I have received since then.
The first time I used the machine, it leaked water everywhere. When I called your helpline
to complain, I was informed an engineer would be sent to repair it the next day. However,
despite waiting at home all day, no one came. I called again, and the customer service person
apologised for the inconvenience and assured me a voucher for £25 would be sent to me
— the voucher has not arrived yet. Finally, a week later, your engineer came and discovered
the washing machine door was faulty. He ordered a new door online but unfortunately, that
has not been sent to me either. When I rang last week, I was promised the machine would be
repaired the next day. Your publicity states that customer service is your priority, but as far
as I am concerned, that is simply not true.
The situation is completely unacceptable. According to my lawyer, I am entitled to a full refund
if the goods were not fit for purpose. Therefore, I request a refund as soon as possible.
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you require any further information.
Yours faithfully,
Ms Catherine White

2 Read the email again and put the layout in the correct order.
1 request action
2 say why you are writing
3 describe the problem in more detail

Writing a formal email of complaint

3 Circle the correct option.
1 If the email begins with Dear Sir or Madam, it ends with Yours
faithfully / Yours sincerely. If it begins with Dear Mr / Mrs…, it
ends with Yours faithfully / Yours sincerely.
2 An email of complaint should be informal / formal.
3 Contractions (I’d / I haven’t) should / shouldn’t be used.
4 The use of passive forms makes the email more personal /
impersonal.

72 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 6

4 The passive is used to indicate a formal, business relationship. Rewrite the sentences in the passive.
1 The manager informed us it was ready.
We were informed it was ready (by the manager).
2 You told me I could have a refund.
3 You offered a reduction in price to my husband.
4 The engineer told me he had fixed the problem.
5 Customer service didn’t provide a complaint number.
6 You haven’t delivered the spare part.
7 Your sales assistant gave my secretary a delivery date.
8 The supply manager has already ordered the new supplies.

Review of features to indicate formality page 135

5 Put the expressions (1-9) into the correct category (a-i) from the box.
1 The computer keeps crashing.
2 I believe this failure entitles me to compensation.
3 I have already written to… about it but have received no reply.
4 The item has not been replaced.
5 Taking everything into consideration, I hope I can expect...
6 The reason I am writing is…
7 It suddenly stopped working.
8 In this situation I am afraid I must ask for...
9 It makes a strange noise when...

Explaining your reason for writing I am writing because…; I am very dissatisfied with
(Complaining) …; I am sorry, but there is a problem with this; I am
afraid I have to make a serious complaint; a… , b…

Describing the problem The first time I used the machine, it leaked… The
washing machine door was faulty. Goods were not fit
for purpose, c…, d… , e… , f…

Requesting action Therefore, I request…, g… , h… , i…

6a You are going to write a formal email of complaint to a shop about a faulty product or poor service.
Write a plan for your email.
Paragraph 1: state your reason for writing. Be clear and concise.
Paragraph 2: provide some background detail of the problems you’ve had.
Paragraph 3: state the action you would like the company to take.

6b Write your formal letter of complaint (150–200 words). Use some of the ideas in activity 4 and
include the following:
s formal style
s passive structures
s some expressions from activity 5

Writing Reference page 144

THAT’S ENGLISH! 73
UNIT
7 Competition

OBJECTIVES
s 4O TALK ABOUT COMPETITION IN LIFE
s 4O EXPRESS NEEDS AND ABILITIES

A Stop being so competitive all the time!

BEFORE YOU WATCH 4 Answer the questions.

1 Tick (4) the option which is true for you. 1 What was Jason’s excuse for losing the tennis
match?
When someone beats me in a game, … . 2 What did Anthony think about Charlie´s new
1 I’m a good loser and I accept the result house?
gracefully 3 Why was Jason jealous of Charlie when they
2 I’m a bad loser and I get annoyed with myself were kids?
for losing and decide to try better the next time 4 How did Jason describe his new colleague?
5 How did Jason react when Jess invited him to
WHILE YOU WATCH their new home?
6 What did Jess tell Charlie about the scan?
2 Answer the questions.
5 Look at some of the things which were said by
Jason and Charles. Match the words in bold (1-4)
to their meanings (a-d).
1 I thought you wouldn’t be able to beat me.
2 I have to keep ahead of the game.
3 Mum and dad are over the moon (about the
1 What kind of relationship does Jason have new baby).
with his brother Charlie? 4 Charlie never had to make an effort.
a do more to have the advantage over your
competitors
b try hard to do something
c win against an opponent
d are really happy about something

2 What reason does Jason give Anthony to 6 Use the words in bold from activity 5 to
explain how he feels about his brother? complete the sentences below.
1 I failed my last two maths exams so I’m going
AFTER YOU WATCH to have to … to pass the next one.
3 Tick (4) the two things which are not true for 2 I was … when I passed my driving test.
Jason. 3 My brother is brilliant at tennis. It’s impossible
to … him.
1 He was surprised that Anthony was able to 4 Nowadays, companies have to invest a lot of
beat him. money in new technology to … .
2 When he was a child, he couldn’t beat his
brother Charlie easily.
3 He says he can’t let his brother win because he
NOW YOU!
is related to him. 7 Do you consider yourself to be a competitive
4 He works on Sundays because he is scared he person?
might lose his job.
I would(n’t) consider
5 He thinks Charlie only won the race because myself to… As I love
his wife is having a baby. winning / don’t mind
6 He is sure their parents must be really happy losing… We live in a very…
about becoming grandparents.

74 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the following question: In what ways are you competitive?
1 Apart from sport, business or academically, can you think of any other areas where people
might be competitive?
2 Watch the video to see if any of your ideas were mentioned.

Nadine Darren Lauren Ian Peter Judy Alan Charlotte

9a Fill the table with the names of the speakers.

1 Massively competitive 4 Quite competitive

2 Really competitive 5 Not particularly competitive
3 Very competitive 6 Used to be competitive

9b Answer the questions.

1 Who does Nadine think is better at cooking – herself or her husband?

2 What things does Lauren say she is competitive with?
3 Who was Ian very competitive with when he was younger?
4 Why does Peter think he is very competitive?
5 What do Judy and Charlotte have in common?

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH!

10a Look at some things said in the Street 10b Use some of the words in bold from activity 10a
Interviews. Match the beginnings of the to complete the text.
sentences (1-5) to the ends (a-e).
I’ve always been massively 1… . I’m always
1 I’m really competitive trying to 2… a challenge … anything I can. I’m
2 I always try to be up like this because I’m a 3… . My whole life has
3 If there is some way to make a competition been a 4… with my two sisters. Maybe that’s
out of something, why when I’m playing sport I like to do 5…
than my opponent. I always try to be 6… .
4 I like to do
5 I’m a triplet, and… it’s a constant
NOW YOU!
a I will find it. 11 Discuss with your partner the ways in which
b competition to be the best. you are competitive in the following situations:
c top. 1 with your brothers and sisters / friends
d better than everyone else. 2 at work
e when I’m cooking. 3 in sport

I am massively competitive when I play…

THAT’S ENGLISH! 75
Competition

READING
1

66
What do you know about sumo wrestling?
Choose the correct option. Then listen and check. The good heart of sumo
Kenzo Tashiro is exhausted and sweating heavily,
and his whole body trembles as he tries to push
his opponent Satoshi out of the ring. But Satoshi
is 10 centimetres taller than Kenzo and fifty
pounds heavier, and he quite easily throws him
to the ground. Kenzo falls on his already injured
shoulder and cries out.
Kenzo, at 17 years old, is the youngest apprentice
at the Taiomori heya (sumo training school). He
had to get up at 5:00 a.m. this morning, two hours
before everyone else, to prepare the chanko nabe,
1 Sumo wrestling is the national sport of China / the special dish of vegetables, seafood and meat
Japan. that the trainees eat to gain weight. Sumo trainees
2 In a sumo game / tournament, pairs of must eat 10,000 calories per day; they also sleep
wrestlers fight in a circular ring / court called a after lunch to ensure the food turns into fat. Now
dohyo. it’s 11:00 a.m. and Kenzo, like everyone, has eaten
3 4O WIN THE rikishi (wrestler) needs to push his nothing and been training for four hours. He’s
opponent / team onto the ground or out of the persevered, but his slim body and his inexperience
ring. put him at a disadvantage and he’s beaten again.
4 It’s a very peaceful / competitive sport. The coach makes him get up. ‘Stop crying’, he
5 Sumo is physically and mentally exciting / says. ‘You mustn’t lose your concentration. Do
exhausting as the rikishi have to have both
it again.’ And, somehow, despite the pain and
great strength of will and physical strength to
win. the exhaustion, he does. Surprisingly, or maybe
not, there are no words of encouragement, and I
2 Read the article about training to be a sumo never hear ‘Well done!’ or ‘Good for you!’ pass the
wrestler. Where do you think the article comes coach’s lips.
from?
Recently, a young apprentice from another heya
1 a specialist magazine for sumo fans ran away because he was unable to endure
2 a Japanese newspaper the strict discipline. He was caught and beaten
3 a magazine for people interested in Japanese to death by his coach, which caused a pretty
culture huge scandal. But although many people were
shocked, few were surprised. Sumo is highly
3 Choose the correct answers.
competitive and is well known for its strictness,
1 Kenzo is crying because he lost the fight and and above all, fair play. There are many rules, not
the coach is angry / is very tired and has hurt just in the ring but also outside it: for example,
his shoulder / hates being an apprentice. when rikishi (professional sumo wrestlers) aren’t
2 Sumo wrestlers eat a big breakfast / only
seafood and vegetables to gain weight / very
large meals and then rest.
3 4O TRAIN TO BE A rikishi, you need to be strict /
4 Read the text again and find the information
disciplined / slim.
below.
4 Life for apprentice rikishi is hard because they
have to do a lot of cooking and housework / 1 how much rikishi have to eat every day
follow a lot of rules / they’re too young. 2 what chanko nabe is and what’s in it
5 Kenzo’s coach has never lost a tournament / 3 why trainees have to sleep in the afternoon
beat an apprentice to death / is dedicated to
sumo. 4 what rikishi have to wear in public
6 9ATSUKO 4AIOMORI THINKS SUMO WRESTLERS TODAY 5 the qualities you need to succeed as a rikishi
are afraid of strict teachers / give up too easily / 6 why sumo trainers need to be so strict
push people beyond their limits.

76 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 7

5 4HE COACH TRIES TO x AND TAKE OUR PERFORMANCE

to a higher level.
6 He was an exceptional young athlete who
… for the highest number of Olympic gold
medals.
7 Neither team scored and the match ended in a
….
8 If you want to … , you must never give up.

6a Complete the table with the missing words.

Noun Verb Adjective

1 2
persevering
3
strict
4
endurance enduring
5 6
competition /
competitor
7 8
dedication
9
discipline discipline
competing, they are required to wear a traditional
Japanese kimono in public. Apprentices have to
live and train together, and life for the youngest 6b Complete the sentences with the correct form
is particularly hard since they are required to cook of a word from activity 6a.
and act as servants for the seniors.
1 He’s often late for practice and he eats too
I spoke to Kenzo’s coach, Yatsuko Taiomori. In much chocolate: he’s not very … .
his youth he was a grand champion, a yokozuna, 2 If you go to the tournament, you will … with
and broke the record for the highest number of the best players in the world.
successive wins: for six months he didn’t lose once 3 She’s very … : she never gives up no matter
or even draw! Taiomori thinks that few modern how many times she’s beaten!
trainees have got what it takes to become top- 4 I had a terrible time as an apprentice; but I … it
class rikishi. ‘You need perseverance to achieve a all and the experience made me stronger.
goal in life, you need will power; but especially you 5 My coach never married or had a family – he
need a good heart. Young people nowadays, they … his whole life to sumo.
throw in the towel too easily. They just give up. 6 She was the … teacher I’ve ever had. We were
I know how you westerners think, but remember all terrified of her!
this: it’s not easy to push people beyond their 7 Talk about... .
limits. We do it because of our dedication to sumo.
The teacher’s strictness is his gift to his students. 1 a goal you achieved in life
It makes them strong.’ 2 a time when you’d had enough and wanted to
TRACK 67 throw in the towel

I’d never learnt to drive when I was

5 Complete the sentences with the correct form younger, my husband always drove. Then
of the expressions in bold from the text. one day, my husband had an accident and
couldn’t drive anymore. So, I had to learn.
1 Have you got what it takes to run a marathon? I was 60 years old and absolutely terrified.
2 I was very small for my age as a child and this But I didn’t throw in the towel...
… when doing sports.
3 After he was beaten three times in a row, he 3 a situation in which it’s a good / bad thing to
decided to … and retire from professional push people beyond their limits
boxing.
4 a situation when you felt you were put at a
4 Some children will do anything to win and disadvantage
have no sense of … .

THAT’S ENGLISH! 77
Competition

LANGUAGE STUDY
1a Look at the people in George’s sports club. 2 Rewrite the sentences in the past tense using
Complete the descriptions with the correct form the words in brackets.
of the phrases from the box.
1 We mustn’t leave the school playground.
(allowed)
We weren’t allowed to leave the school
playground.
2 All students have to arrive on time for class.
(required)
3 4HEY WERE REQUIRED TO PRACTISE FOR AT LEAST FOUR
hours a day. (had)
4 He doesn’t have to come if he doesn’t want to.
(need to)
5 -Y DAUGHTER CAN ONLY WATCH46 AT THE WEEKEND
(allowed)
6 We must be team players. (had)
push someone beyond their limits
put someone at a disadvantage team player 3 Complete the sentences with the missing
break a record get to the top of the ladder phrases from the box.
throw in the towel have got what it takes
were allowed to let us go home let you eat
1 4HAT GIRL OVER THERE IS ONE OF THE BEST ATHLETES was made to eat makes us work
in the country. She’s going to … one day. I’m made me apologise lets us make you wear
sure of it. were made to leave used to let me go
2 He works in my office and he’s very ambitious.
He’s determined to succeed and … , but he
1 My mother … for my awful behaviour.
doesn’t know how to collaborate or work with
others. He’s definitely not a … . 2 Did someone … that ugly dress?
3 4HATS OUR COACH (ES VERY DEDICATED AND 3 Our teacher … very hard.
always trying to … . 4 When I was younger, I … vegetables, even
4 He’s quite a good player, but I don’t think he though I hated them.
… to be a champion. He’s too lazy and … too 5 4HE SPECTATORS x THE MATCH BECAUSE THEY
easily. were too noisy.
5 We’re at about the same level, but I don’t like 6 Does your coach … junk food?
playing with her. She’s so much taller than me 7 My parents never … on holiday with my
that I feel it … . friends.
1b Listen and check your answers.
8 Our old boss … early on Fridays, but our new
boss never … .
68 9 4HE WRESTLERS x SEE THEIR FAMILIES ONCE A MONTH
Obligation and permission
4 Rewrite the sentences using the words in
Obligation
brackets.
s Make + object + infinitive
The coach made the apprentice run 10 kms. 1 Our father lets us go out at the weekend.
We … . (allowed)
In the passive, make takes infinitive with to.
The apprentice was made to run 10 kms. 2 I’m not allowed to ride my brother’s bike.
My brother … . (let)
s Require + object + to infinitive
3 His parents let him stay up late last night.
This sport requires athletes to train hard.
He … . (allowed)
Permission 4 4HEY WONT HAVE TO WORK OVERTIME
s Let + person + infinitive 4HEIR BOSS x  MAKE
She let me wear her new trainers. 5 I used to have to train every day.
s In the passive, let becomes be allowed to. My athletics coach … . (make)
They aren’t allowed to throw in the towel. 6 We weren’t allowed to leave the building.
page 136 4HEY x  LET

78 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 7

Ability in the past: could vs was / were able to 7a Listen to the expressions for encouraging and
congratulating. Mark the stressed syllables.
s To talk about a general ability in the past we 69
can use could or was / were able to. 1 4HAT WAS FANTASTIC KEEP GOING
$ONT GIVE UP
I could / was able to run very fast when I was 2 7ELL DONE TEAM
4HAT WAS GREAT STUFF
young.
3 You really deserved that promotion, good for
s To talk about a particular success in the past we you!
can only use was / were able to. 4 Good try!
Despite her injury, she was able to finish the 5 Never mind, better luck next time.
race that day.
s In the negative we can use couldn’t, was / were 7b Listen again and repeat. Pay attention to the
unable to, wasn’t / weren’t able to for both sentence stress and intonation. Answer the
69 questions.
general and particular ability in the past.
She was unable to / wasn’t able to / couldn’t 1 Which expression expresses sympathy with
finish the race because she was injured. someone who has not performed well?
page 136 2 Which expression congratulates someone for
effort rather than result?

5 Read about a person with very special abilities Pronunciation Guide page 148
and complete the text with the verb forms from
the box.
Limiting and intensifying adverbs
wasn’t even able to couldn’t (x2) being able limiting intensifying
could was finally able to was able to
fairly, pretty, very, really, extremely,
quite, not all exceptionally, particularly,
Leslie Lemke was born blind and with brain that, rather exceedingly, astonishingly,
damage. As a child, he 1wasn’t even able to eat remarkably, amazingly
by himself and he 2… speak. With the help of page 137
his adopted mother, he learned to stand and
3… walk by the time he was 15. His mother

bought him a piano and he 4… soon play the 8 Choose the correct option to modify the adverb.
SIMPLE SONGS THAT SHE SANG TO HIM 4HEN ONE
NIGHT HE HEARD 4CHAIKOVSKYS piano concerto 1 He performed fairly / exceedingly well last
No 1 and astonished his parents by 5… to play year, but we believe he could do better.
IT PERFECTLY A FEW HOURS LATER 4HEY 6… believe 2 ‘Was he driving fast?’ ‘Pretty / Particularly fast,
their ears. But they soon discovered that Leslie I suppose, but he wasn’t over the speed limit.’
had a special gift: if he heard any piece of music
just once, he 7… play it perfectly. He is now a 3 I just can’t believe how amazingly / rather
well-known musician in the United States. badly they played last night!
4 I only managed to pass the exam by working
exceptionally / quite hard.
6 Complete the dialogue with an appropriate
form of can or be able to. 5 We were talking quietly…, well perhaps not all
that / extremely quietly because the children
A: 7OW
4HAT WAS AMAZING (AVE YOU ALWAYS woke up!
1been able to play this well?
6 We climbed extremely / quite carefully. If we
B: Of course not! When I started learning, I 2… fell, we would be killed instantly.
play a single note.
A: So, if I’d started learning when I was younger, 9 Complete the sentences so they are true for you.
do you think I might 3… play reasonably well
by now? 1 At school I was never able to… get better
marks in Maths than my best friend Lynne, but
B: I believe most people 4… do most things if I could always beat her in French.
they really try. It’s psychological. But if you
really believe you 5… do something, then of 2 I used to think everybody could…
course you 6… to do it. 3 When I was younger, I couldn’t…
A: Yes, that’s true; I 7… pass my driving test 4 Once in my life I was unable to…
because my mum encouraged me so much 5 Despite being quite poor when I first started
that I believed I 8… do it. working, I was able to…

THAT’S ENGLISH! 79
Competition

B Everyone should have a go!

DOCUMENTARY 3 How do the Scots feel about their main
competition?
1 Look at the picture of World Gurning Champion, 4 What does the speaker from India say their
Tommy Mattinson. What do you think gurning national sport is like?
is? Watch the video to check.

THAT’S IRELAND
5 Match the words (1-3) to the definitions (a-c). If you
don’t know watch the video to get the answers!
1 hurling 2 seanchaí 3 craic
a an Irish word for a person who tells stories
b an Irish word that means ‘fun’
c a really old game, possibly the origin of hockey
2 Decide if the sentences are true (4) or false (7). 6a Watch the video and tick (4) the sports which
Correct the false ones. are watched by the most people in Ireland.
1 4HERE ARE LOTS OF FESTIVALS IN "RITAIN EVERY YEAR 1 Gaelic football 3 handball 5 rounders
where you can do unusual things. 2 ladies football 4 hurling
2 4HE %GREMONT #RAB &AIR WHICH STARTED IN THE
13th century, gets its name from the crab apples. 6b Tick (4) the topics which are mentioned by the
3 In the past, the peasants were only paid in storyteller.
crab apples for their work.
1 scholars 3 cities 5 saints 7 battles
4 4OMMY -ATTINSON STARTED TO COMPETE IN
the gurning competition because his father 2 warriors 4 people 6 landscape
wanted him to.
6c Complete the story of the people who came to
5 4OMMY IS USUALLY PESSIMISTIC ABOUT HIS
Ireland from Spain.
chances of winning the competition.
6 Becoming World Champion again this year
means he’s won a total of 16 times. Far away, there was a country called Spain
7 4HE GREASY POLE COMPETITION STARTED HUNDREDS which had been in 1… for many years. One
of years ago. day eight brothers and their people decided
8 4HE PRIZE FOR THE GREASY POLE COMPETITION HAS to travel to a beautiful green 2… .
never been changed. 4HE MAGICAL PEOPLE OF THE ISLAND DIDNT WANT
invaders and so a 3x WAS FOUGHT4HE BROTHERS
won and came to a 4x CALLED 4ARA 4HE THREE
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES KINGS IN 4ARA ASKED THE BROTHERS TO GO OUT TO
5… again to give them time to prepare for
3 The speakers were asked what kind of
competitions their country excels at. Fill in the another battle.
table with the things they mention. 4HE MAGICAL PEOPLE CREATED A BIG 6… which
sank some boats, but didn’t 7… everyone.
USA 4HE 3PANISH CAME BACK DEFEATED THE OLD
South Africa KINGS AND WON THE LAND 4HESE PEOPLE NOW
Ireland have 8… that begin with ‘O’ or ‘Mac’.
Canada
Australia
Scotland NOW YOU!
India
7 What types of festivals are popular in your
4 Watch again and answer the questions. country? Are any of them unusual?

1 7HAT DID #ANADA HAVE IN THE 6ANCOUVER 

Olympic Games? There are many types of festivals in…
I think the most unusual one is the…
2 In which Olympic sport is Australia always
successful?

80 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 7
SKILLS WORK
1 Tell your partner about a competition, game or quiz you or someone you know has won.
Where and when did it happen? Was there a prize? How did you feel?

I’ve never won anything but my mother once won a prize for the biggest cucumber at the
local gardening fete! We still have the photo in the lounge in pride of place!

2a Kostas Polyzoidis from Chania in Greece won a competition. Listen and say what kind of
competition it was.
70

2b Listen again and decide if the statements are true

(4) or false (7). Correct the false ones.
70
1 Lots of people wanted to be in the show the year that
Kostas was in it.
2 Kostas thinks he won because he was nicer to
everyone in the house.
3 Kostas talked about people behind their backs and
made a lot of enemies.
4 +OSTAS WON  %UROS
5 Kostas almost gave up and left because of Kristos.
6 4HE EXPERIENCE OF TAKING PART AND WINNING THE COMPETITION HAS CHANGED HIS LIFE COMPLETELY

3a Read the text. Overall, do you think the writer has a positive, negative or neutral attitude towards
reality TV? Why? Underline the words or phrases that support your opinion.

Why we love reality TV

Reality TV shows are popular all over the world, but why do they fascinate people so much? One possible
explanation is that they appeal to our competitive nature and our natural desire for revenge. In many
shows, contestants have to do tasks or challenges and vote to decide which person has to leave the
show. They know they will have to do whatever it takes to win, including collaborating with others and
making allies, who they might have to betray later on.
According to recent research, people who regularly watch reality TV tend to have competitive personalities
and are also likely to place a high value on revenge. They also have a strong desire for status. Reality
TV fans are much more likely to agree with statements such as ‘prestige is important to me’ and ‘I
am impressed by designer clothes’ than are other people. It doesn’t seem to matter that the people
taking part in reality shows often are shown in an unfavourable light: the fact that millions of people are
watching automatically gives them prestige.
And therein lies perhaps the strongest appeal of reality TV. In 1968, Andy Warhol famously said that ‘in
the future everybody will be world famous for fifteen minutes’ and reality TV has made this come true.
Despite being obviously very ordinary, some reality TV contestants do manage to stay in the public eye
and appear in the media after the show has ended – at least for a while. The implicit message of reality
(online source)

TV shows is that ordinary people like you and me can win and become stars. So, is it really surprising
people love them so much?
TRACK 71

3b Read the text again. Find ... .

1 TWO ACTIVITIES THAT ARE TYPICAL OF MOST REALITY46 SHOWS

2 THREE PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REGULAR VIEWERS OF REALITY46 SHOWS
3 ONE REASON WHY THE AUTHOR BELIEVES REALITY46 IS POPULAR

4 Do you watch reality TV shows? Which ones? What do you like / not like about them? Write a
short paragraph explaining your opinion.
In my opinion, reality TV shows are the lowest form of entertainment...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 81
Competition

SPEAKING
1 Read the quotes about competition. Which quotes do you agree or disagree with? Which
appeals to you the most? Why? Discuss your answers with a partner.

Never compete with someone Instead of playing to win, I was playing Anytime you find someone
who has nothing to lose. not to lose. It reminds me of the story more successful than you are,
I once heard about two friends being especially when you’re both
BALTASAR GRACIÁN
chased by a bear, when one turned to engaged in the same business
(Jesuit priest)
the other and said, ‘I just realised that – you know they’re doing
I don’t need to outrun the bear; I only something that you aren’t.
need to outrun you.’
MALCOLM X
SEAN COVEY The Autobiography of
The 7 Habits Of Highly Effective Teens Malcolm X

I think the quote from Sean Covey is very Actually, I don’t agree at all. The world is a
true. In order to be the best at something very large place and there’s always someone
we just have to beat the other people we somewhere who’s better than you, even if you
are competing with. haven’t met them or even heard of them.

2a Listen to Patricia, Gerry and Rupert talking about their past regrets. Choose the correct
answers.
72
1 4HE SPEAKERS ARE TALKING ABOUT personal /
professional regrets.
2 Patricia regrets that she tried so hard / didn’t
try hard enough to do something about a
difficult situation.
3 Gerry wishes that Patricia / Rupert hadn’t left.
4 He believes that he overvalued / undervalued
Rupert’s ability.
5 Rupert feels unhappy about the way he’s
treated people / the way he’s been treated.
Patricia Gerry Rupert
2b Listen again and complete the sentences.

72 1 I wish I … behaved differently. If only I hadn’t … so naive!

2 I … realised what was happening much earlier and I … tried to do something.
3 ) x HAVE LET 0ATRICIA4ORRES GO
4 If I’d known what Rupert was really like, I ... never … promoted him.
5 I wish I … so ambitious.
6 If I’d realised how lonely I would feel, I … more effort to build relationships with my colleagues.
7 I really … Patricia the way I did.

Expressing past regrets

There are three main ways to express regrets in the past:
s I wish or If only + past perfect
I wish I hadn’t accepted this job. If only I hadn’t accepted this job.
s should have + past participle
He shouldn’t have given the promotion to Rupert. He should have had better judgement.
s regret + -ing / noun
I regret leaving / having left my previous job. I regret the way I treated her.
page 137

82 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 7

3a Complete the regrets with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1 I regret / regretted my behaviour at the meeting. (regret)

2 If only he … harder when he was at school! (work)
3 I wish I … that. (not say)
4 If only I … in such a hurry when I sent that email! (not be)
5 We regret … for a higher salary. (not ask)
6 4HEY SHOULD x THAT HE WASNT AN HONEST PERSON REALISE

3b Have you ever (not) done any of the following and then regretted it? Discuss with a partner.

not told someone your true feelings I always wish I’d asked Sally, this girl
not persevered with something in my class, out on a date. But I was
too shy to tell her how I really felt!
broken someone’s heart
lied to a close friend asked someone out
failed to take up an opportunity Yes, I agree. You should have asked
her out.
not been brave enough

Monologue: a competitive situation

4a Listen to Patricia Torres telling an anecdote 5b Listen again and check.
about a competitive situation.
73 74

4b Listen again and choose the correct answers. 6a You are going to talk about a time when you
were in a competitive situation. Think about the
73 1 Patricia worked in education / sales / senior questions below and make notes.
management.
1 When and where did it happen (work / sport or
2 In her department, there was a particularly
leisure / personal relationships)?
competitive atmosphere / people helped each
other / there was no competition. 2 Who were the people involved?
3 Gerry was a temporary replacement for Alison / 3 What were the positive / negative effects of
new boss / new deputy sales manager. the competitive atmosphere?
4 Gerry gave Rupert a new job / Patricia’s 4 What happened in the end?
contacts and sales region / Patricia’s job. 5 What regrets / other feelings do you have
5 Patricia wishes she had fought harder / had left about the situation?
the company earlier / hadn’t tried to change 6 What would you do if you found yourself in a
the situation. similar situation again?

5a Patricia uses expressions to structure her 6b Tell your partner about your experience. Use
anecdote. Listen and complete the expressions. your notes from activity 6a to help you and
74 include expressions from 5a to structure your
SETTING THE SCENE anecdote.
At the 1… , I was deputy sales manager.
2… , one day, our boss announced that she
The most competitive situation I’ve ever been
was leaving. in was when I was at high school. There was
this... in my class who was my rival. We were
INTRODUCING SURPRISING OR both good at…
INTERESTING FACTS
4HIS WAS THE 3... I’d been waiting for. As it 4… ,
Rupert was extremely ambitious, 5… who got
my old region and all my contacts?

CONCLUDING AND SUMMARISING

To 6… a long story … . Looking 7… on it now,
I wish I had behaved differently.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 83
UNIT
8 A good read

OBJECTIVES
s 4O NARRATE A STORY
s 4O SPECULATE ON TRUTH VS FICTION

A Ghost stories
BEFORE YOU WATCH 7 Colin wanted to stay at the guesthouse so that
he and Karen could investigate and … .
1 Tick (4) the things you would do if someone
told you a house had a ghost in it. 4 Answer the questions.
1 I’d want to spend the night there to see if it was 1 What did Karen do when she heard the
true. moaning sound?
2 I wouldn’t believe a word of it. 2 Why didn’t Karen go and tell Colin about the
3 I’d want to hear any stories about who the sound?
ghost supposedly was. 3 What confession did Colin make?
4 According to the landlady, where was the killer
WHILE YOU WATCH when he told his story?
5 Why had the killer asked to use the woman’s
2 Answer the questions.
phone?
6 Who had cut the woman’s finger off?

5 Use the correct form of the verbs from the box

to complete the story.

attack send carry whisper haunt see

moan murder help
1 Why do Karen and Colin want to stay at the
guesthouse in Hazel Lane?

In the 18th century, 46 Spanish soldiers 1…

to Scotland to 2… the Jacobite Rebellion.
2 Who are the two main characters in Karen’s The soldiers were stationed in Eilean
story? Donan Castle. One day, the English 3… and
all the soldiers 4… . People say the castle
AFTER YOU WATCH 5… by one of the soldiers who 6… on many

an occasion 7… his head under his arm and

3 Complete the sentences. has been heard 8… and 9… in the gift shop!
1 The Daltons had gone to London to celebrate
their ... wedding anniversary.
2 It must’ve ... when the Daltons went to bed. NOW YOU!
3 During the night Mr Dalton heard a kind of 6 Do you know any ghost stories? Tell your
strange … sound. partner about them.
4 Mrs Dalton thought that Mr Dalton had seen
the face at the window because he … .
5 The newspaper article told the story of a I’m going to tell you the story of the ghost
murdered woman whose … finger had been of the little Raimunda. On the corner of
cut off. Alcalá Street is the Palacio de Linares
which is supposedly… by…
6 The stories of moaning noises coming from
room 6 started after … .
84 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
7 The speakers below were asked the following question: Are you more interested in non-fiction
or fiction? Why? Give examples.
1 How many of the five speakers do you think will say they prefer non-fiction to fiction?
2 Watch the video to see if you were right.

Nip Lauren Karen Ruth Andy

8a Complete the sentences below with the names of the speakers.

1 ... prefer to read non-fiction. 3 ... reads both fiction and non-fiction.
2 ... prefer to read fiction.

8b Are the statements true (4) or false (7)? Correct the false ones.

1 Nip prefers to go to quizzes in pubs rather than read books.

2 Lauren’s taste in books has changed as she has got older.
3 Karen chooses to read either non-fiction or fiction depending on how she feels at the time.
4 Ruth enjoys books where the actual story doesn’t matter.
5 Andy doesn’t like non-fiction because it isn’t exciting enough.

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH! ever happens again, but who knows? I must
admit I find science fiction 4… boring, but
9a Tick (4) the statements you agree with.
whenever I get my hands on a war story I just
5… myself … it.
1 I don’t particularly read too many fiction stories
or books.
2 As I’ve got older, I like to read about true life 10 Use the words from the box to complete Karen’s
events and people’s experiences. description of her favourite childhood book.
3 I like reading a bit of both (fiction and non-
fiction). It will just depend on how I’m feeling. just been images ever colourful loved
One you are learning from, and one you can
lose yourself in. My favourite book from my childhood is The
4 I’m pretty conventional in my reading. I like Cat in the Hat. I don’t know why, I 1… always
2... that story, and it was one of those that the
things with a good story.
3… were so fantastic, they were so 4… . I read
5 Fiction because it’s nothing like real life, so
that’s perfect. it to my brothers and that I would say has 5…
one of my favourite books 6… .
9b Match the words in bold (1-5) from activity 9a to
the synonyms (a-e).
NOW YOU!
a disconnect from reality d quite / rather
11 Tell your partner about your favourite book from
b similar to e really your childhood.
c things that really happened

9c Use the words in bold from activity 9a to My favourite book from my childhood
complete the text below. is… It’s about… and I like it because...
I used to read it with / when...
I love books about 1... that happened during
wars. I’m 2… interested in the First and
Second World Wars. I hope nothing 3… that

THAT’S ENGLISH! 85
A good read

READING
1a Match the book covers (1-6) to the genres (a-f).

1 4
Voices from
the tomb
ens
Karen Wilk

2 5

3 6 1
You must have seen these covers in bookshops, the
ones with the dark tower; the gloomy churchyard;
the pale girl with a body as fragile as glass; perhaps
a vampire, perhaps a tormented poet. Books with
covers that promised more of this shadowy world
had been the ones I had always chosen to read as
a science fiction (sci-fi) d thriller a teenage girl. 1... I dreamed that my gothic novel
b romance e historical would get published, be short-listed for a prize and
c crime f gothic become a best-seller!

1b What kind of fiction do you prefer? Why? 2

2a Read the first paragraph of the story. What kind
Thinking about the story and setting, I had
of novel does the writer want to produce? decided that my main character would be a girl
called Magenta, who never speaks and who lives in
2b Complete the story with the missing sentences. Scotland in an old castle by the sea. 2… .
a All of a sudden, the wind stopped and the only
sound was the lonely call of a bird.
b When I brushed it away, the woman had gone.
c The plot would follow Magenta’s journey to
look for her brother who had disappeared 3 Which words from the text could you use to
several years before. describe... ?
d I was happy to be on my own and far away 1 a dark cold place (adj: paragraph 1)
from my busy life in London.
2 the loud noise of a door being closed (vb:
e It was rainy and cold outside, the kind of day paragraph 4)
which reminds you that winter must be just
around the corner. 3 a sharp rise or fall (adj: paragraph 5)
f So it can’t have been a surprise to anyone when 4 a quick short movement of air (n: paragraph 5)
I decided to write a gothic novel of my own. 5 an involuntary shake of the body (vb: paragraph 5)
6 feeling uncomfortable and worried (adj:
paragraph 5)

86 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 8

5 Put the events in the order they happened.

3 1 The rain stopped.
I finally started writing in October when I rented 2 It was getting dark.
an old cottage in the north of England. It was three 3 The writer decided on the setting and main
kilometres from the nearest neighbour and there characters for a novel.
was no television or Internet to distract me. 3… . 4 The writer saw a mysterious woman.
5 The writer dreamed of writing a novel.
6 The writer left London to stay in a cottage.
4 7 The writer walked up the hill.
On the third day, I had been working until late 8 The writer was working all afternoon.
afternoon. 4… . After a while, the rain had stopped
and I decided to get some fresh air so I pulled on 6a Work with a partner and discuss what you think
will happen next. Which of these options do you
my heavy coat and boots and slammed the front prefer? Explain why.
door behind me as I headed up the hill.
1 A stranger knocks at the door and tells the
writer to leave the house immediately.
5 2 There is a violent storm and the mysterious
Marching up the steep stony path behind the woman from the hill appears in the house.
house, I arrived at an open field which gave me 3 The writer dreams that the house is on fire.
a view of the valley and the full force of the cold
wind in my face. 5… . As I turned to go back down I much prefer the second option. I
the hill, I suddenly became aware of the silhouette love the idea of the narrator actually
meeting the strange woman and…
of a woman. At that moment, a gust of wind blew
hair into my eyes. 6… . I shivered. I was cold.
Clearly there was no one there, but at that point, I
started to feel uneasy so I hurried home.
6b Listen and check. Which option does the writer
choose to continue the story?
6 76

By the time I got back to the cottage, it was 7a Match the words from the box to the questions.
completely dark outside and it was starting to
rain. I was glad to switch on the lights and be back plot theme setting main characters
inside a warm dry house, but I suddenly felt very sequel screen play genre series
tired. I decided to have a light supper and go to
bed early. 1 Where does the story take place?
2 Who is the story about?
TRACK 75
3 Has the story been rewritten as the script for a
film?
4 What big issue is the novel about?
4 Read the story again. Are these sentences true 5 What important events happen in the story?
(4) or false (7)? Correct the false ones. 6 Is there another book after this one with the
same characters?
1 The writer assumes that the reader knows
nothing about gothic fiction. 7 What kind of fiction is this?
2 The writer has been attracted to gothic fiction 8 Is the book part of a sequence of books with
since she was a teenager. the same characters?
3 The writer travels to Scotland to start writing.
7b Think about your favourite book and answer the
4 The writer had worked nearly all day before questions in activity 7a.
deciding to go out.
5 It was raining when the writer left the house.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 87
A good read

LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Match the sentences (1-8) to the reasons or 2b Listen and repeat the contracted sentences. Pay
results (a-h). attention to the intonation and word stress.
78
1 He can’t have gone far. d
2 She must have worked very hard at school. 3 Rewrite the sentences using modal verbs + the
3 There isn’t any milk left in the fridge. perfect infinitive.
4 I’ve looked everywhere for my car keys. 1 I am sure this was a valuable vase.
5 The lights are all off in the house. This must have been a valuable vase.
6 They can’t have taken the dog to the park. 2 I am sure he stole the money.
7 You must have felt very sad to leave your job. 3 It’s possible they were hiding in the library.
8 I found this old rounded stone on the beach. 4 It’s impossible he asked her to marry him.
5 Maybe you saw a ghost.
a They could have gone to bed early.
6 It is impossible they were travelling by train.
b She’s got really good exam results.
7 It’s possible the suitcases went to another
c My teacher says it might have been used as an
airport.
axe in the Stone Age.
8 It’s impossible he went to the show, he hasn’t
d I’ve just seen him in the kitchen.
got any money.
e The children must have drunk it all last night.
f You’d worked there for many years. 4 Rewrite the information in one sentence. Use
g I think I might have lost them. the correct past tenses.
h I can hear it barking.

Modals for speculation in the past

▶ Look at the verb form after the modals in these
sentences. Is the modal verb followed by the
infinitive or by the perfect infinitive?
1 You must have seen these covers in
bookshops.
2 It can’t have been a surprise to anyone.
1 Peter fell asleep at the wheel. He was driving
3 Could it have been the wind? all night.
page 138 Peter had been driving all night when he fell
asleep at the wheel.
2 The storm wrecked the house. We heard the
Pronunciation storm warning on the radio.
In spoken English we usually contract have (/əv/) By the time we … the storm warning on the
in past modals. radio, … .
Must have = must’ve /mʌstəv/ 3 The police caught the thief. The thief travelled
page 147 in disguise for three months.
The thief … in disguise for three months
before … .
2a Listen and decide if the speakers use 4 Their romance went on for years. She gave
contractions or not. Choose the correct options. birth to a baby in secret.
77 Nobody knew about their romance but it … for
1 He can’t have / can’t’ve lost his job. years, and she … .
2 She must have / must’ve been very tired. 5 She went up the mountain. Snow was falling
3 I think we might have / might’ve missed the for days. They warned her.
last bus. She … the mountain even though they … her
4 My sister could have / could’ve helped me that … .
more. 6 We missed the film. Everybody was leaving.
5 They couldn’t have / couldn’t’ve left already. By the time we ... to the cinema, the film …
6 You mustn’t have / mustn’t’ve understood and … .
properly.
Revision of past tenses page 138

88 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 8

5a Complete the extract from a story with the 6b Talk about a difficult day you have had. Use
correct verb tenses. some of the expressions from activity 6a to help
you.

Several months ago I had the worst week

of my life. On that day I lost my job,
my boyfriend and my best friend! It all
started when we decided to go on holiday
together. We’d all been working very hard
for ages and needed a break…

7 Complete this text about ghostwriters with the

There could be no mistake. The men could words from the box.
see clearly that it was a body and it 1… (float)
towards their boat. ‘I’ll stop the engine,’ Jim hardback paperbacks cover blurb
said. Leaning over the side, the two men 2…
author autobiographies royalty
(grab) the man’s legs. It was only then that
they saw the man 3… (breathe). best-seller publishers
Five minutes later, they 4… (pull) the man
onto their boat. He 5… (groan) as Sam
splashed some water onto his face.
The man 6… (lie) across a plastic drum
with some bits of wood tied to it. They 7…
(wonder) how far he 8… (travel) like that and
how on earth he 9… (survive).

5b Listen to these people discussing who the man

on the boat might be. Which idea do they think
79 is most likely? Why?
1 A fisherman who has survived a storm.
2 An immigrant trying to reach another country
in a homemade boat.
3 A pirate planning to take over a boat.
Ghostwriters
6a Choose the most suitable expression for these
sentences. Walk into any bookshop and the shelves
are full of 1… by celebrities. Actors, chefs
It all happened when for ages at this point and athletes all have their stories to tell.
Or do they? In fact, 90-95% of those books
eventually several years ago are written by ghostwriters: professional
all of a sudden after a while writers whose name never even appears
on the 2… . And, if the book goes into the
1 The circus gradually sold all the animals and it 3… Top 10 list, it is the celebrity 4… who

was only … that the circus finally closed. gets a 5… or percentage of the sales and
2 The weather was fine but … clouds appeared the ghostwriter just gets a fee. But most
and it started to rain. books are not immediate best-sellers
whoever actually writes them. Most writers
3 … I was a child, so I don’t remember the
are rejected by 6… . Even JK Rowling
details.
was rejected several times, and her first
4 He wasn’t enjoying his new job, so … he told book only sold 5,000 copies in the more
them he was leaving. expensive 7… edition before the Potter
5 I met him … when I was working as a doctor in series became a phenomenon and the 8…
Namibia. flew off the shelves. So, the next time you
6 I tried learning to play the piano for years but read the 9… on the back of a book claiming
in the end I … gave up. the writer tells their story ‘with humour and
honesty’, you might wonder whose words
7 Would you like to meet for a drink? I haven’t you are reading!
seen you … !

THAT’S ENGLISH! 89
A good read

B Let me tell you a story...

DOCUMENTARY 4 Answer the questions.

1 Look at the picture of the chalk carving of a 1 What prize did Keri Hulme win and what was
giant. How old do you think it is? Watch the her book about?
video and check your answer. 2 What was the Beat Generation in the USA
about?
3 What did the book Uncle Tom’s Cabin help to
abolish?
4 What prize did Alice Munro win in 2013?
5 What did the Australian writers write about?
6 What did Robert Burns dedicate a poem to?

THAT’S IRELAND
2 Watch the video and tick (4) the statement 5 Look at the names of famous writers from the
which is not true. British Isles. Tick (4) the ones which are from
Ireland. Are there any that surprised you?
1 The Cerne Abbas Giant is the biggest chalk hill
figure in Britain and is also referred to as the SIR WALTER SCOTT OSCAR WILDE
rude man.
2 There are different theories about the giant, JAMES JOYCE BRENDAN BEHAN
one being that he is a figure of Hercules. SAMUEL BECKETT BRAM STOKER JANE AUSTEN
3 Another theory is that he is a cartoon caricature
of the strict puritan Oliver Cromwell, 17th WILLIAM BUTLER YEATS CHARLES DICKENS
century head of the British government.
JP DONLEAVY EDNA O’BRIEN
4 There is a local myth that he is a Danish sheep
eating giant, killed by local farmers who drew GEORGE BERNARD SHAW JONATHAN SWIFT
a line around his body to frighten other giants
away. 6 Are the statements true (4) or false (7)? Correct
5 He may also be a pagan symbol of fertility and the false ones.
there are people who say they were conceived
on the giant. 1 The Dublin Writers Museum only has
6 The local woman is happy that he attracts information about writers who are no longer
tourists but says that some people are a bit alive.
upset by his nakedness. 2 Ireland doesn’t have a lot of great legends.
7 Locals say that if the giant doesn’t like new 3 Oscar Wilde spent time in prison in England.
people then they have to move out within six 4 The novel Ulysses is about one day in the life
months. of a man travelling around Dublin.
8 The giant was once covered up during the 2nd 5 A description of the tower, now known as
World War to stop the Germans using him as a the James Joyce Tower, can be found in the
navigation point. second chapter in Ulysses.

SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES NOW YOU!

3 Match the names of the writers, books and 7 Talk to your partner about the greatest writers
poems to the countries. and poets from your country.
On the road Waltzing Matilda
I can think of a number of great Spanish
Harriet Beecher Stowe Anne of Green Gables writers. One is Miguel de Cervantes who
Banjo Paterson Jack Kerouac wrote Don Quixote and another is… There
Katherine Mansfield Uncle Tom’s Cabin are also many great writers who are still
Henry Lawson Keri Hulme The Bone People alive, for example, …
L.M. Montgomery Alice Munro Robert Burns
Have you read contemporary poetry? It’s
New Zealand Canada Scotland by far...
USA Australia

90 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 8
SKILLS WORK
1 Read the web page. Which sentence best summarises the text?
1 The web page is for people who want suggestions about setting up a book club.
2 The web page offers advice on how to choose books for a book club and which authors to choose.

Are you a ‘bookworm’? Love nothing better than

disappearing with a good book? Maybe it is time for
you to share the love!
Start your own book club
Here are some top tips for a this is not a gourmet club! Having titles in a box and pulling them out
successful book group and some something to eat and drink is a like lottery tickets!
suggestions for what to avoid. good idea, but again, keep it simple So, based on my own experience,
A book club works best if you keep and get everyone to bring some if you are going to start your own
to a regular meeting time once a food to share. book club, I think you should:
month. It is also most successful if it It is often difficult to get people to keep the group small, rotate
is not too big. Have a maximum of 12 agree on which books to put on the meetings between the homes of
people: any more than this and you reading list. Some people want to members, share responsibility
won’t have enough chairs for your read classics, others want books for refreshments and lastly, find a
guests! that make them think or laugh or way to agree on a reading list that
It is also best if each member takes cry or that are simply on the latest includes suggestions from everyone.
it in turn to host the meeting in their best-sellers list. In our case, we
ended up choosing books by putting Happy reading!
home, but remind everyone that TRACK 80

2 What advice does the web page writer suggest 3 In the book we … .
about ... ? a see ordinary people in ordinary places
1 the ideal maximum number of people in the b get a special view of ordinary things
group c find nothing is ordinary
2 what to do about food 4 As he read the book, Steven was … .
3 choosing which books to read a bored b fascinated c shocked
3a Listen to a radio programme in which people 3c Tick (4) the expressions Steven uses to describe
talk about a favourite book. What type of book the book.
81 does Steven talk about? 81
it made me think magical
1 science fiction 3 romance
unconventional moving
2 crime 4 none of these
a tense detective novel I couldn’t put it down
3b Listen again and answer the questions. a real page-turner made me laugh

81 1 The main character in the book is 4 Think about the last book you read and answer
unconventional because … . the questions. Discuss them with a partner.
a he is a detective
1 Why did you choose to read this book?
b he can read people’s emotions
2 What is it about? Be brief.
c he is autistic
3 Would you recommend it? Why (not)?
2 The book is unconventional because … .
a it has lots of diagrams, symbols and algebra The last book I read was The Book Thief by
b there is a dead dog in it Australian author Markus Zusak. I’d seen the
c it is a detective story film and found it very moving and emotional,
so when I saw the book in an airport
bookshop, I knew I had to read it! Anyway, …

THAT’S ENGLISH! 91
A good read

WRITING
1 Answer these questions.

1 Do you ever read book or film reviews? Why (not)?

2 What kind of information would you expect to find in a book or film review?
3 Have you ever recommended books or films to people? Why did you recommend them?

2 Read the reviews about The Hobbit and A Most Wanted Man and answer the questions.
1 How does the writer describe Bilbo Baggins and Gandalf?
2 What two reasons does the writer give for recommending The Hobbit?
3 What type of film is A Most Wanted Man?
4 How does the writer describe Seymour Hoffman’s performance?

A Most Wanted Man

Film Review

The Hobbit
Book Review

By Lynn Ashraf By Brad Spath

Although it is now part of a mega successful The film begins when a thin exhausted man pulls
film franchise, this adventure story began life himself out of the sea. Who is he and what is
as a book by J.R.R. Tolkien, and if you haven’t he doing in Hamburg? In the post 9/11 world,
read it, then my advice is to start with the book any stranger is a potential terror suspect and
itself. Tolkien is a master storyteller and it is the security forces are certainly interested in
spellbinding, not just for children, but for anyone finding this man.
who enjoys a classic fantasy adventure set in a This thriller keeps you in suspense from the
world inhabited by giants, dwarfs and hobbits. beginning, but the film is less about the stranger
The story begins with an unexpected party at than about the secret agents and spies who
the house of the hobbit, Bilbo Baggins, and it suddenly appear on his trail. Philip Seymour
continues as a series of captivating adventures Hoffman plays the world-weary spy who puts the
in the quest to find the dragon’s gold. Bilbo is pieces of the puzzle together. It is an extremely
the reluctant hero of the story and the journey convincing performance and Seymour Hoffman
is punctuated by extraordinary danger, and is totally believable as the secret agent who has
unexpected magical help from Gandalf, a wise, to win the trust of people around him but can
elusive wizard. trust no one himself.
I would strongly recommend this book to readers The urban setting and the soundtrack add to the
of all ages for its pure escapist entertainment. It oppressive atmosphere in which the threat of
also has a very positive message of loyalty and violence is ever present. This is a psychological
friendship expressed by characters who help or thriller and one that will keep you on the edge
rescue one another from the constant dangers of of your seat.
the shared journey.

92 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 8

3 Look at the review of The Hobbit and match the paragraphs (1-3) to the contents (a-h).

The Hobbit a the main characters e themes and message

Paragraph 1 b suitable readers f name of author
Paragraph 2 c reasons for recommendation g the setting
Paragraph 3 d background information about the book h the plot

4 Categorise these sentences depending on whether they refer to films (f), books (b) or both (f/b).
1 The music score and sound effects create a terrifying atmosphere. f
2 The plot is full of surprises and unexpected events.
3 The cast gave magnificent performances.
4 The author has won several prizes.
5 It took a team of three writers to come up with the script.
6 All the scenes were shot on location in Ireland.
7 Most critics think it is a masterpiece.
8 The descriptions of places are poetic and beautiful.

5 Complete the sentences with the adjectives from the box.

heartbreaking unconvincing disappointing spellbinding crucial complicated

1 The actor gave a … performance because he lacked confidence.

2 We were all crying at the end of the film because the plot was … .
3 The special effects were worth every penny because they were … to the success of the film.
4 I didn’t believe that the characters would behave like that: I found the plot totally … .
5 The plot was too … so I couldn’t understand the story.
6 The show holds your attention from beginning to end, it is … .

Writing a book or film review

6a Think about a book or film you would like to review and make notes about the following:

1 Background information: title and author or director.

2 Location and setting: find adjectives to describe the setting and atmosphere.
3 Main characters: write two adjectives to describe each character.
4 Plot or story: summarise the main story in not more than three sentences.
5 Strengths: what did you like best about it? What adjectives describe your reaction to the
book or film?
6 Weaknesses: what aspects were less successful? What adjectives describe these aspects?
7 Recommendation: what kind of people would like this film or book? Make your
recommendations.

6b Group the information in activity 6a into three paragraphs.

6c Write your review (175-200 words). Remember to include the following:

s a brief description of the plot, characters and / or actors: but don’t spoil the ending!
s a description of what you liked most and least and explain why
s your recommendation

Writing Reference page 145

THAT’S ENGLISH! 93
UNIT
9 The gender gap
s4O DISCUSS THE DIFFERENT ROLES OF MEN AND

OBJECTIVES
WOMEN
s4O RAISE AWARENESS OF THE USE OF LANGUAGE
RELATED TO GENDER

A It is okay for girls to be boxers, isn’t it?

BEFORE YOU WATCH 6 .ICK SAYS THERE ARE x IN HIS NEIGHBOURHOOD
WHO THINK THAT NURSING IS FOR GIRLS
1 Do you agree with the statements below? a GUYS b GAYS c GANGS
1 "OXING ISNT A SPORT FOR GIRLS ITS TOO VIOLENT
4 Answer the questions.
2 )F PEOPLE ARE CALLING YOU NAMES THEN YOU
SHOULD JUST IGNORE THEM 1 7HAT KIND OF JOBS DOES ,ESLEY THINK THE OTHER
GIRLS WANT TO DO
WHILE YOU WATCH 2 7HAT HAPPENS TO PEOPLE WHO CAN|T CONTROL
THEMSELVES ACCORDING TO THE HEADTEACHER
2 Answer the questions. 3 (OW DOES THE HEADTEACHER DESCRIBE WHAT %VE
AND HER FRIENDS SAID TO ,ESLEY
4 7HY DOES ,ESLEY NOT WANT %VE TO SEE HER IN
HER DRESS AND HIGH HEELS
5 )N .ICKS OPINION WHY DOES %VE BEHAVE LIKE
SHE DOES

5 Match the expressions in bold (1-5) to their

1 7HY HAVE ,ESLEY AND .ICK CHOSEN BOXING AS A synonyms (a-e).
SPORT
1 ) CAN stand up for MYSELF
2 )M NOT GOING TO LET HER put ME down
3 ) GET laughed at BECAUSE )M TRAINING TO BE A
MALE NURSE
4 Real GIRLS DONT BOX
5 7HAT %VE AND HER FRIENDS SAID TO YOU IS UNKIND
AND sexist
2 7HAT ADVICE DOES THE HEADTEACHER GIVE TO
a FUN MADE OF ME c CRITICISE e DISCRIMINATORY
,ESLEY
b FEMININE  PROPER d DEFEND
AFTER YOU WATCH 6 Use the words in bold in activity 5 to complete
3 Choose the correct option. the text.

1 +AREN ASKS IF THE GIRLS WERE x ,ESLEY 0ETERS SISTER %MMA WANTS TO BE A PLUMBER
a ANNOYING b PROVOKING c BULLYING 0ETER TOLD HER THAT 1x GIRLS DONT DO THOSE TYPES
OF JOBS 0ETER WAS WORRIED THAT SHE WOULD BE
2 ,ESLEY SAYS SHE CAN x FOR HERSELF 2x BY HER FRIENDS AND THAT PEOPLE WOULD 3x
a STAND UP b DEFEND c FIGHT HER x  %MMA SAID 0ETER WAS BEING 4x AND
3 ,ESLEY WANTS TO PROVE TO %VE THAT THERE IS THAT SHE COULD 5x HERSELF
NOTHING x GIRLS BOXING
a BAD ABOUT b WRONG WITH c TO LAUGH ABOUT NOW YOU!
4 ,EN THE TRAINER ADVISES ,ESLEY TO MAKE SURE
SHE ALWAYS x CONTROL 7 Explain how you feel about sexist behaviour
and language.
a MAINTAINS b KEEPS c STAYS IN
5 ,ESLEY TELLS .ICK THAT SHE WANTS TO LEAD HER LIFE I get really angry when people…
WITHOUT PEOPLE x HER I also hate it when…
a LAUGHING AT b JUDGING c MOCKING

94 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 STREET INTERVIEWS
8 The speakers below were asked the following question: What are the main differences
between women and men’s roles in today’s society?
1 7HAT DIFFERENCES DO YOU THINK THEY WILL MENTION
2 7ATCH THE VIDEO TO SEE IF ANY OF YOUR IDEAS WERE MENTIONED

.ADINE *UDE ,AUREN +AREN 0ETER #HARLOTTE

9a Complete the sentences with the names of Jude, Peter and Charlotte.

1 x IS REALLY ANGRY THAT WOMEN ARE STILL NOT AS EQUAL AS MEN

2 x IS HAPPY THAT OLD FASHIONED IDEAS ARE CHANGING
3 x THINKS THERE SHOULDNT BE A DIFFERENCE BUT THERE IS

9b Are the sentences true (4) or false (7)? Correct the false ones.

1 .ADINE BELIEVES THAT MEN NEED WOMEN BECAUSE THEY WOULDNT SURVIVE OTHERWISE
2 *UDE THINKS THAT WOMEN SHOULD LOOK AFTER CHILDREN AND MEN SHOULD WORK
3 ,AUREN THINKS THAT THERE ARENT AS MANY DIFFERENCES AS THERE WERE IN THE PAST
4 +AREN THINKS MORE SHOULD BE DONE TO HELP WOMEN GET INTO HIGHER LEVEL JOBS
5 0ETER THINKS WOMEN SHOULD WORK IN ADMINISTRATION JOBS AND SHOULDNT HOLD POSITIONS OF
POWER OR AUTHORITY
6 #HARLOTTE THINKS THAT WOMEN HAVENT BEEN HELPED BY CHANGES IN THE LAW

ACTIVATE YOUR ENGLISH!

10a Match the words in bold (1-4) to their meanings 10b Use the words in bold in activity 10a to complete
(a-d). the sentences below.
Jude: 9OU FIND A LOT MORE 1stay-at-home 1 ) THINK IT IS x THAT THERE ARE NOT VERY MANY
dads WHICH IS QUITE NICE FEMALE x 
Lauren: 4HERE ARE A LOT MORE BUSINESS WOMEN 2 ) THINK ITS GREAT THAT ATTITUDES ARE CHANGING
AND 2entrepreneurs NOW THAN THERE AND THAT ITS NOW ALL RIGHT FOR MEN TO BE x 
WERE BEFORE 3 4HE TERM @GLASS CEILING REFERS TO THE FACT THAT
Karen: !T HIGH UP #%/ LEVEL WE NEED TO NOT MANY WOMEN ARE PROMOTED TO THE TOP
3push THOSE boundaries further POSITIONS IN COMPANIES 7E NEED TO x THOSE x
Charlotte: 7OMEN ARE JUST NOT AS EQUAL AS MEN AND MAKE IT EASY FOR WOMEN TO GET TO THE TOP
) THINK THATS 4atrocious
a MAKE IT EASIER FOR WOMEN TO GET INTO HIGH LEVEL NOW YOU!
JOBS 11 Have you ever been or felt discriminated against
b REALLY TERRIBLE for gender reasons? Do you know anyone who
c MEN WHO TAKE CARE OF THE HOME AND THE has?
CHILDREN
d PEOPLE WHO START A BUSINESS USUALLY RISKING As I’m a man, I’ve never felt discriminated
THEIR OWN MONEY against for gender reasons, but my sister…

THAT’S ENGLISH! 95
The gender gap

READING
1a Which of the photos do you think show typical
behaviour associated with boys and girls in Boys will be boys...
your culture? Why?
(or sometimes girls)
1 3
It’s the 21st century and things are looking up
for gender equality. There are female priests and
presidents, male nannies – the mannie – and an
awareness of the need to avoid gender stereotyping
when raising children. But how far would you go in
reversing gender stereotyping? Some cultures take
it to unusual lengths.

Samoa’s third gender

2 4
In Samoa, there is a widely-accepted practice of
raising boys as girls known as fa’afafine – ‘in the
manner of a woman’. Gender identity is closely
linked to a person’s role in the family. So essential
is it to have a daughter, parents with several sons
look to raise one as a girl to take on the traditional
role of caring for elderly parents. Sometimes,
parents believe a child has been born with the
fa’afafine spirit and is naturally drawn towards
more feminine behaviour. But what are the results
1b ‘Boys will be boys’ is a well-known English of such a momentous decision?
saying. What do you think it means? Do you
think it’s true?
1 !LL BOYS ARE VERY MASCULINE
2 )TS NATURAL FOR BOYS TO BEHAVE IN A NOISY AND
NAUGHTY WAY
3 "OYS CANT CHANGE THEIR ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOUR

2 Read the text. What is it about?

1 GENDER STEREOTYPES IN DIFFERENT CULTURES
2 CHANGES IN EQUALITY IN DIFFERENT CULTURES
3 SURPRISING ATTITUDES TO GENDER AND UPBRINGING

3 Read the article again. Are the following

statements true (4) or false (7)? Find information Leo was raised as a fafa and has somewhat negative
in the text to justify your answers. views of his experience. ‘Frankly, I felt very isolated
1 )N 3AMOA BIRTH GENDER IDENTITY IS NOT growing up, and I used to look on while my brothers
CONSIDERED AS IMPORTANT AS FULFILLING CERTAIN played football and wish I could be one of the boys.’
ROLES IN THE FAMILY
2 0ARENTS ONLY SELECT A BOY TO RAISE AS A GIRL IF THE
CHILD SEEMS TO BE GIRLISH
3 ,OTS OF fa’afafine IN 3AMOA FIND IT A POSITIVE
EXPERIENCE AND CONTINUE AS WOMEN 6 4HE REASONS BEHIND THE bacha posh TRADITION
4 /UTSIDERS NEED TO REALISE 3AMOAN SOCIETY HAVE REMAINED THE SAME FOR CENTURIES
PLACES A HIGH VALUE ON THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN 7 -ANY WOMEN IN !FGHANISTAN ARE CRITICAL OF THE
THE FAMILY TRADITION
5 4HERE IS A SOCIAL STIGMA ATTACHED TO FAMILIES 8 4HE TRADITION IS HELPING GIRLS IN !FGHANISTAN
WITH NO MALE CHILD IN !FGHANISTAN GAIN TRUE FREEDOM AND EQUALITY

96 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 9

3
 THE ROLE OF FEMALES IN THE FAMILY IS SEEN AS
However, some fafas find the experience very ESSENTIAL )N 4  THE CHANGE OF GENDER BRINGS
enjoyable even though they later decide to live as MORE FREEDOM BUT SOME IN 5 HAVE FOUND
THE REVERSE ROLE RESTRICTING !S THEY REACH
men in adulthood. Many continue to live as women, ADULTHOOD INDIVIDUALS IN 6 HAVE TO RETURN TO
though. ‘It’s important that we understand fa’afafine THEIR ORIGINAL GENDER ROLES BUT IN 7  THEY CAN
within the matriarchal cultural context of Samoa. It’s CHOOSE WHETHER TO CONTINUE OR NOT )N 8  THE
looked at as perfectly normal,’ said a spokesperson ROLE REVERSAL IS OFTEN SEEN AS A VERY POSITIVE
for Samoan affairs. EXPERIENCE BUT THIS IS NOT ALWAYS SO IN 9 

Girls will be… boys 5 Match the phrasal verbs (1-6) to their meanings
(a-f).
Such is the importance of having a son in some
patriarchal cultures that parents will disguise girls 1 TO LOOK UP 4 TO LOOK AT
as boys. In Afghanistan, this is an old tradition 2 TO LOOK TO 5 TO LOOK DOWN ON
known as bacha posh which began centuries ago to 3 TO LOOK ON 6 TO LOOK UP TO
protect girls from attacks by invaders. a TO THINK SOMEONE OR SOMETHING IS INFERIOR
The Rafhat family dress one b TO WATCH AN EVENT WITHOUT TAKING PART
of their four daughters as a c TO CONSIDER OR THINK ABOUT SOMETHING
boy. ‘We did it because, in d TO IMPROVE OR GET BETTER
Afghanistan, society looks e TO RESPECT AND ADMIRE
down on people who have no f TO EXPECT OR HOPE TO DO SOMETHING
son, even if you are successful
in life,’ said Mrs Rafhat. ‘Now 6 Complete the sentences with a suitable form of
that we have a son, everyone a phrasal verb from activity 5.
looks up to the whole family. 1 4HE COUNCIL ARE  SPEND a TO MODERNISE
I used to live as a boy myself THE LEISURE CENTRE LATER THIS YEAR
and it gave me confidence 2 4HIS YEAR WE ARE PLEASED TO REPORT BUSINESS IS
and helped me succeed. A   AND OUR PROFITS HAVE GONE UP 
good parent always tries to 3 )N SOME CULTURES THE BIRTH OF A GIRL IS  AS A
do the best for their child.’ MISFORTUNE
4 -Y RICH UNCLE ALWAYS MADE IT CLEAR THAT HE
Unlike in Samoa, those girls brought up as the  OUR FAMILY BECAUSE OF OUR POOR ECONOMIC
opposite sex always revert to their true gender SITUATION
when they become teenagers. Although human 5 &OOTBALLERS NEED TO SET A GOOD EXAMPLE AS
rights campaigners are critical of the tradition, it is MANY YOUNG PEOPLE  THEM AS ROLE MODELS
still extremely popular. Many women delighted in 6 $UE TO HIS FEAR OF WATER #ARL ALWAYS  AS HIS
the freedom they had when they lived as boys and FRIENDS SWAM IN THE SEA
want to give their daughters the same opportunity.
7 Discuss the questions with a partner.
However, few ask the important question behind it
all: when will girls have the same freedom as boys
(online source)

1 7HAT KIND OF PERSON DO YOU LOOK UP TO 7HY

without denying their identity? 2 7HAT KIND OF BEHAVIOUR DO YOU LOOK DOWN ON
TRACK 83 7HY
3 $O YOU THINK THE SITUATION OF GENDER EQUALITY IS
LOOKING UP IN YOUR COUNTRY 7HY OR WHY NOT
4 Complete the summary: write S for Samoa, A for 4 (AVE YOU EVER REGRETTED JUST LOOKING ON IN A
Afghanistan, B for both Samoa and Afghanistan. SITUATION 7HAT HAPPENED

)N 1  RAISING A CHILD AS THE OPPOSITE SEX IS I look up to those who stand up for what they
DONE FOR IMPORTANT SOCIAL AND CULTURAL REASONS believe is right… and I look down on those
)N 2  THE SOCIAL STANDING OF THE FAMILY IS who bully others.
AFFECTED IF THERE ARE NO SONS WHEREAS IN

THAT’S ENGLISH! 97
The gender gap

LANGUAGE STUDY
1 Join the two sentences using so / such + that to 3 4HEY HAD SUCH DIFFICULTY STARTING THE CAR THAT
make the first part more emphatic. THEY CALLED A TAXI
4 3HE HAD SUCH A BAD EXPERIENCE THAT SHE NEVER
1 7E WERE VERY LATE 7E MISSED THE PLANE
WENT THERE AGAIN
We were so late that we missed the plane.
5 (E WAS SO ILL THAT THE DOCTORS THOUGHT HE WOULD
2 4HERE WAS A BIG CROWD ) DIDNT SEE THE 1UEEN DIE
3 )T WAS VERY WET4HE FOOTBALL PITCH FLOODED 6 4HE JEWELS WERE SO VALUABLE THAT THEY WERE
4 ,ILY SEEMED UNHAPPY4HE TEACHER ASKED HER TO KEPT UNDER GUARD  HOURS A DAY
STAY BEHIND 7 7E WERE SO EXHAUSTED THAT WE WENT TO BED
5 4HERE WAS A LOT OF NOISE FROM THE NEIGHBOURS WITHOUT UNDRESSING
PARTY 7E COULDNT SLEEP
6 )T WAS A BIG PROBLEM GETTING A LICENCE 7E HAD 4a Listen to the conversations and answer the
TO CANCEL THE EVENT questions.
84
1 7HERE ARE THE SPEAKERS IN EACH CONVERSATION
Revision of so and such + that PAGE  2 7HAT IS THEIR RELATIONSHIP

2 Complete the sentences with the missing 4b Listen again and choose the correct terms used
phrases from the box. nowadays.
84
1 ACTRESS  ACTOR
is the importance was the wind was he
2 AIR STEWARD  AIR STEWARDESS  FLIGHT ATTENDANT
did she arrive had he lied was the place
3 MANAGERESS  MANAGER
is the drug problem 4 WAITRESS  WAITER  SERVER
5 CHAIRMAN  CHAIR  CHAIRWOMAN
1 3UCH is the drug problem THAT A NEW LAW IS
BEING INTRODUCED 6 FIREWOMAN  FIREFIGHTER  FIREMAN
2 3O BEAUTIFUL x THAT WE INSTANTLY DECIDED TO 7 POLICEWOMAN  POLICE OFFICER  POLICEMAN
STAY 8 SPOKESWOMAN  SPOKESPERSON  SPOKESMAN
3 3UCH x THAT WE COULDNT GO OUTSIDE
4c Complete the sentences with the correct word
4 3O OFTEN x THAT NO ONE BELIEVED HIM ANYMORE from activity 4b.
5 3O ANGRY x THAT HE BANGED THE DOOR AND BROKE
THE GLASS 1 4HE  OF THE COMMITTEE WAS VERY GOOD AT
6 3UCH x OF THE VISITOR THAT THE POLICE HAVE KEEPING THE MEETING UNDER CONTROL
CLOSED ALL THE ROADS 2 4HE  ASKED US TO MAKE A LIST OF EVERYTHING
7 3O OFTEN x LATE THAT SHE LOST HER JOB THAT WAS MISSING AFTER THE BURGLARY
3 $ESPITE EFFORTS TO MODERNISE THE FIRE SERVICE
WOMEN ONLY MAKE UP  OF  
Inversion after so and such
4 /UR  WAS VERY QUICK AND EFFICIENT SO WE LEFT
After so and such, an affirmative sentence HER A BIG TIP
structure is replaced by the question form
5 +ATE 7INSLET IS A VERY WELL KNOWN  FOR HER
(auxiliary + subject + main verb).
ROLE IN Titanic
So essential is it to have a daughter that
6 @4HE GOVERNMENT IS COMMITTED TO IMPROVING
parents decide to raise one son as a girl.
EQUALITY OF WORKING CONDITIONS SAID A  
Such is the importance of having a son in
7 3HE STARTED OUT AS A SHOP ASSISTANT AND NOW
some male-dominated cultures that parents
SHE IS THE  OF THREE STORES
will disguise girls as boys.
8 4HE  ASKED ME TO FASTEN MY SEATBELT AS WE
page 140
WERE ABOUT TO TAKE OFF

3 Rewrite the sentences to make them more Questions for effect: rhetorical questions
emphatic using so / such at the beginning.
▶ Which is more dramatic and emphatic?
1 4HE BOOK WAS SO OLD THAT IT FELL APART IN MY 1 We don’t know what the results of such a
HANDS momentous decision are.
So old was the book that it fell apart in my
hands. 2 What are the results of such a momentous
decision?
2 7E HAD WAITED SO LONG THAT WE GAVE UP HOPE page 140

98 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 9

5 Rewrite the sentences in bold to make them 6b Rewrite the sentences so that they are gender
more dramatic and emphatic. Start with the neutral.
words in brackets.
1 4HE MOON LANDING WAS A SMALL STEP FOR MAN
1 4HE PROBLEMS THEY FACED WERE SO COMPLEX BUT A GIANT LEAP FOR MANKIND
They didn’t know if they would ever overcome The moon landing was a small step for humans
them. 7OULD but a giant leap for humankind.
Would they ever overcome the problems? 2 )F A CANDIDATE DISAGREES WITH THE RESULT HE
2 (IS PARENTS HAD TRIED TO HELP HIM BUT HE KEPT MAY APPEAL WITHIN ONE MONTH
ON MAKING THE SAME MISTAKES They didn’t 3 !NYONE WHO HAS NOT BROUGHT HIS )$ CANNOT
know if he would ever learn to change his TAKE THE EXAM TODAY
ways. 7OULD
4 0LEASE WILL EVERYONE RETURN TO HIS SEAT
3 )M ABOUT TO SET OFF ON A TRIP AROUND THE WORLD
I wonder what adventures lie ahead. 7HAT 5 4HE CUSTOMER SHOULD BE TOLD AT THE BEGINNING
HOW MUCH HE WILL NEED TO PAY
4 3HE FELT CONCERNED ABOUT THE FUTURE OF THE
FARM She was worried about who would look 6 ! DOCTOR WILL ALWAYS RESPECT HIS PATIENTS SECRETS
after it after she had gone. 7HO 7 -AN FACES GREAT DANGER FROM BACTERIA RESISTANT
5 7E HAVE BEEN PROMISED HOUSING IMPROVEMENTS TO ANTIBIOTICS
BY MANY DIFFERENT POLITICIANS We are not sure
they will ever happen. 7ILL 7 Underline the stressed syllable. Listen, check
and repeat.
6 $ONT LEAVE ALL THE LIGHTS ON WHEN YOU GO OUT 85
I have to tell you the same thing again and 1 MATRIARCHAL 4 INSTITUTION 7 GEOGRAPHIC
again. $O 2 PATRIARCHAL 5 EXCEPTION 8 DEMOGRAPHIC
6a Read the text and answer the questions.
3 FRUSTRATION 6 REVELATION

1 7HICH PRONOUNS WERE FAVOURED IN THE PAST Pronunciation Guide PAGE 
AND WHY
2 7HICH TERMS ARE NOW PREFERRED AND WHY
8 Complete the text with the correct form of a
word from the box.

If you love somebody look at so such look up to

look to chair their
SET THEM FREE
Languages always reflect the culture they Male
developed in. The patriarchal nature of primary
English society in the past favoured the
use of the singular with he and his, e.g.
teachers
‘If a child is forced to write with his right in demand
hand, he may suffer frustration.’ Currently, A quarter of British
a growing revelation in society of the need primary schools have
for greater equality has led to the use of no male teachers,
plural pronouns as singular (they, them and according to the 1... of a government committee
their), e.g. in the song, If you love somebody, researching the effects of male teachers. ‘The
set them free (Sting). Additionally, the terms Ministry of Education is 2... increase the number
(online source)

of male primary teachers by 10%. 3... strong is

man in a generic sense and mankind should
the belief that women are better at caring for
be replaced by humans, or humankind.
young children that men don’t even apply for jobs
in primary schools. Of course, a good teacher is
effective whatever 4... sex. Men are 5... as being
Plural pronouns used with a singular subject a threat to young children whereas in fact, male
A good parent always tries to do the best for teachers have a positive effect. Girls are generally
their child. more willing to learn but boys need someone to
6... and inspire them. 7... is the importance of male
page 141
role models that we are actively promoting male
teacher recruitment.’

THAT’S ENGLISH! 99
The gender gap

B Gender discrimination
3 )T WAS THE FIRST COUNTRY TO GIVE WOMEN THE RIGHT
DOCUMENTARY TO VOTE
1 Answer the following questions before you 4 /N THE SURFACE IT MAY APPEAR TO BE A SOCIETY
watch the video. WHERE MEN FEEL THEY ARE SUPERIOR BUT IN ACTUAL
FACT LOTS OF WOMEN HAVE MADE IT TO THE TOP
)N YOUR COUNTRY x  5 -EN ARE IN A DOMINANT ROLE IN BOTH THE CULTURE
1 IS IT MOSTLY MEN OR WOMEN WHO WORK AS MAKE AND THE SOCIETY OF THIS COUNTRY
UP ARTISTS AND MECHANICS 6 4HE GOVERNMENT IS INTERVENING TO GET WOMEN
2 ARE WOMEN PAID THE SAME SALARY AS MEN INTO HIGHER LEVEL JOBS
3 ARE THERE MANY WOMEN IN TOP JOBS FOR
EXAMPLE ON THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
THAT’S IRELAND
2 Watch the video and decide if the statements 4 Have you ever seen an Irish dancing show? Watch
are true (4) or false (7). Correct the false ones. the video and decide if there is any similarity
between Irish and Spanish flamenco dancing.

1 )N THE AREA OF WORK ESPECIALLY MEN AND WOMEN

ARE FACED WITH GENDER STEREOTYPES
2 3IMEON ISNT VERY HAPPY THAT THERE ARE FEWER 5 Watch the video again and answer the questions.
MALE MAKE UP ARTISTS THAN FEMALE ONES
Claddagh ring
3 7HENEVER 3IMEON TELLS WOMEN WHAT HE WORKS
AS THEY IMMEDIATELY FEEL THAT HE IS PASSING 1 .AME THREE OCCASIONS WHEN THE RINGS ARE
JUDGEMENT ON THEIR MAKE UP OFTEN GIVEN AS PRESENTS
4 /FFICIAL STATISTICS SHOW THAT THERE IS ALMOST NO Spanish Arch and Spanish Parade
GENDER INEQUALITY IN "RITAIN 2 7HY WAS THE !RCH BUILT IN 
5 ,ESS THAN A QUARTER OF -EMBERS OF 0ARLIAMENT 3 7HAT DID THE PARADE ONCE USE TO BE
-0S AND UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS ARE WOMEN
Galway
6 )N ORDER TO LEARN HOW TO BE A MECHANIC
#AROLINE ,AKE HAD TO WORK AS AN APPRENTICE FOR 4 7HY IS 'ALWAY KNOWN AS @)RELANDS #ULTURAL
FREE IN A GARAGE FOR AGES (EART
7 )N THE END #AROLINE HAS DECIDED SHE IS GOING Trad on the Prom
TO OPEN HER OWN GARAGE WHICH WILL BE DIRECTED 5 7HAT AMAZING MIXTURE OF THINGS CAN YOU SEE
MAINLY TOWARDS WOMEN CUSTOMERS IN THIS CONTEMPORARY )RISH SHOW
8 #AROLINE WAS REALLY HAPPY WHEN SHE WAS ASKED
Irish dancing
TO WRITE A BOOK GIVING WOMEN INFORMATION
ABOUT CARS 6 7HY DO PEOPLE ENJOY WATCHING )RISH DANCING
7 (OW DOES #LAIRE DESCRIBE THE WAY THAT THE
SAME LANGUAGE, DIFFERENT LIVES GIRLS HAVE TO DANCE
8 7HEN #LAIRE SAYS THAT THE BOYS HAVE TO BE
3 Listen to the speakers talking about equal SHARP WHAT DOES SHE MEAN
rights. Match their countries to the things they
mention.
NOW YOU!
.EW :EALAND 3OUTH !FRICA !USTRALIA
6 Do men and women have equal rights in your
53! )RELAND *AMAICA
country?
1 -EN AND WOMEN HAVE EQUAL RIGHTS TO MANY
THINGS INCLUDING WHAT CLOTHES THEY WEAR Legally, men and women… but in reality…
2 !LTHOUGH THEY RECEIVE THE SAME SALARY WOMEN still a long way to go before…
DONT HAVE THE SAME OPPORTUNITIES
 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 UNIT 9
SKILLS WORK
1 Do the quiz to find out your brain gender.

HOW DOES YOUR MIND WORK?

DO YOU THINK LIKE A MAN, A WOMAN OR SOMETHING IN-BETWEEN?
Do our quiz and find out if your brain gender is the same as your physical gender!

1 If you upset someone, do you 6 When you are on a journey, how

usually understand why? do you navigate?
4 When life is hard, which are you
a Yes, almost immediately. a I use landmarks like churches
more likely to experience: anger
b In most situations. and shops.
or sadness?
c No, it often comes as a b I use landmarks and compass
surprise. a I usually feel very down. directions.
b I experience a mixture of both. c I use distances and compass
2 Do you like to be in charge of c I tend to lose my temper a lot directions.
things at work? at such times.
a I’d rather be one of the team. 7 Are you good at explaining
b Sometimes, but I don’t mind things differently if someone
not leading. 5 What kind of things do you doesn’t understand at first?
c Yes. Why not when I can see enjoy reading? a Yes, because there are many
what needs to be done? a Human interest stories, fiction ways to look at things.
and magazines. b It can be a challenge but there
3 At a social event, how quickly are usually other options.
b I like a mixture of factual and
do you realise someone wants c No, because the correct way is
fictional books.
to join in your conversation? quite clear to me.
c Biographies, newspapers and
a I’m instantly aware when factual material.
someone is ready to join in. TRACK 86
b I notice fairly quickly.
c Pretty slowly, to be honest. Mostly c: you have a male brain and are independent and competitive.

(online source)
Why don’t they just join in? Mostly b: you have a balance of male and female qualities.
Mostly a: you have a female brain and are intuitive and caring.

Results: Add up your scores.

2a Listen to the radio programme and choose the correct answers.

87 1 ! LIFE AND BUSINESS COACH HELPS CLIENTS TO UNDERSTAND each other  themselves BETTER IN
ORDER TO IMPROVE THEIR WORK RELATIONSHIPS
2 ! male  female  balanced BRAIN IS BEST SUITED TO THE MODERN WORKING
ENVIRONMENT

2b Listen again to the radio programme and complete the boxes.

87 Type of brain Advantages Disadvantages

-ALE
&EMALE
"ALANCED 7

3 Write a summary of your strengths and weaknesses according to the quiz and the radio
programme (100 words).

According to the quiz, I have a mostly female brain, and I agree I’m good at understanding
others and social situations. I think ...

THAT’S ENGLISH! 

The gender gap

SPEAKING
1 In what aspects of life have men and women achieved greater equality so far? What areas still
need improvement? Discuss with a partner.

We’ve made a lot of progress in education, Well, maybe, but women can now choose to
but I don’t think there are enough women take on those roles or not. Perhaps women
in politics or business. just prefer different types of careers.

2 Listen to Gordon, Adam and Jess having a discussion and answer the questions.
88 1 7HAT ARE THEY DISCUSSING a b c
2 7HO FEELS THE TOPIC IS
a IMPORTANT
b RIDICULOUS
c FAIRLY IMPORTANT
'ORDON !DAM *ESS

3a Match the quotes (1-5) to the photos (a-c) from activity 2. Listen and check.

89 1 You’ve certainly got a point, but YOURE NOT GOING TO CHANGE PEOPLES ATTITUDES BY USING
POLITICALLY CORRECT TERMS LIKE BARTENDER What’s the point of it?
2 Hang on a minute ) THINK CHANGING THE NAMES IS AN INDICATION OF A DESIRE TO CHANGE ATTITUDES
3 How else can we show THAT THE OLD NAMES THAT DISCRIMINATED AGAINST WOMEN ARE
UNACCEPTABLE
4 I can see where you’re coming from, but SOMETIMES THESE NEUTRAL TERMS DO SOUND A BIT WEIRD
5 Sorry, can I just stop you there "ECAUSE YOURE LOOKING AT IT AS A MAN

3b Look at the expressions in bold from activity 3a. Complete the table with the expression
which is used to:

1 PARTIALLY AGREE ax bx
2 USE A QUESTION FOR EMPHASIS cx dx
3 INTERRUPT ex f x

3c Listen to the expressions in 3b and repeat using the correct stress and intonation.

90

 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 UNIT 9

4a Listen and complete the sentences.

91 Gordon: )TS x YOU DO xS IMPORTANT x THE NAMES YOU USE

Jess: )TS x ARENT TAKEN SERIOUSLY x MEN

4b Do you think the speakers use this structure to make their point more or less emphatic?

Emphasising a point
s We stress the object after It’s in sentences which are emphasising a point.
It’s what you do that’s important.
It’s women who aren’t taken seriously.
It was in the 20th century that gender equality became a social reality.
s This expression is often followed by a short contrastive clause with not, which is also stressed
for emphasis.
It’s women who aren’t taken seriously, not men.
page 141

5 Rewrite the sentences to emphasise the point being made.

1 ) FEEL HAPPIEST IN summer
It’s in summer that I feel happiest.
2 Who YOU KNOW IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN what you know
3 7HAT CHANGED HIM MOST WAS meeting his wife
4 The best singer SHOULD WIN THE COMPETITION AND not the prettiest
5 My boss NEEDS TO WORK HARDER AND not me

Interaction: a debate
6a Do you think boys and girls should be treated 6b Work with a partner and discuss the topic. Use
differently? Think about the topics below and activities 3a, 4b and 6a to help you.
make notes.
A: %XPRESS YOUR OPINION ABOUT THE TOPIC AND
1 GENDER 4 DISCIPLINE GIVE REASONS
2 SPECIFIC TOYS 5 OTHER ISSUES
As far as I’m concerned, it
3 SINGLE SEX SCHOOLS doesn’t matter whether…

B: 0ARTIALLY AGREE AND USE A QUESTION FOR EMPHASIS

TOYS: guns for boys and dolls for girls?
Ridiculous!
I can see where you’re coming from,
SINGLE SEX SCHOOLS: girls do better but I can’t agree with you completely...
academically if no boys around, but what
about social interaction? A: )NTERRUPT
Sorry, ....
DISCIPLINE: girls generally better behaved
than boys. Parents often stricter with
boys. 'Big boys don’t cry', etc. B: %XPRESS YOUR OPINION

OTHER ISSUES: society more protective of girls; As I see it, we need to move on…
boys have more freedom and can stay out
later. A: 0ARTIALLY AGREE 5SE AN EXPRESSION WITH It’s TO
EMPHASISE YOUR POINT

You’ve got a point, but…

THAT’S ENGLISH! 

 OBJECTIVES
Revision 2 s4O REVIEW THE CONTENTS OF UNITS  

LANGUAGE REVISION
1 Complete the text with the correct tense or 2 The character of Reggie Love was an ex-alcoholic
form of the verbs in brackets. Sometimes more who had had many problems. Write sentences
than one tense is possible. about her life with I wish or If only.
1 ) HAD TO GIVE UP MY JOB
*OHN 'RISHAM WROTE THE BEST SELLER The Client
I wish / If only I hadn’t had to give up my job.
IN 4HE BOOK 1x MAKE INTO A FILM A YEAR
LATER 4HE STORY IS ABOUT A YOUNG BOY -ARK 2 ) DRANK TOO MUCH
3WAY WHO WITNESSED A SUICIDE AND WHOSE 3 ) WASNT ABLE TO WORK
FAMILY NEEDED 2x PROTECT FROM THE MAFIA 4 -Y HUSBAND LEFT ME
4HIS IS A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE PLOT
5 ) HAVE NO CONFIDENCE
-ARK AND HIS BROTHER x SMOKE IN THE WOODS
6 -Y CHILDREN DONT WANT TO SEE ME
WHEN THEY SAW A MAN IN A CAR -ARK 4x FORCE
INTO THE CAR AND THE MAN WHO WAS A LAWYER
3 The character Barry Muldanno was a rather
TOLD HIM A SECRET ABOUT A DEAD BODY "EFORE
stupid person and made mistakes. Rewrite these
THE BOYS COULD x ESCAPE  THE MAN SHOT
sentences with should to show his regrets.
HIMSELF -ARKS BROTHER WENT INTO SHOCK AND
HAD TO 6x TAKE TO HOSPITAL AND THE POLICE 1 ) DIDNT THROW THE BODY INTO THE RIVER
7x BE VERY INTERESTED IN WHAT THE MAN 8x

TELL -ARK I should have thrown the body into the river.
)T TURNED OUT THAT A MAFIA CRIMINAL "ARRY 2 ) TOLD THE LAWYER WHERE THE BODY WAS
-ULDANNO x MURDER A SENATOR BUT THE 3 ) DIDNT MOVE THE BODY EARLIER
POLICE COULDNT DO ANYTHING UNTIL THEY HAD 4 ) DIDNT KILL -ARK WHEN ) HAD THE CHANCE
FOUND THE BODY -ARK KNEW HE COULDNT TELL 5 ) TRUSTED MY PARTNERS
BECAUSE THE MAFIA BOSSES WOULD HAVE HIM
10x KILL  SO HE FOUND A LAWYER 2EGGIE ,OVE
4 This is what Reggie wrote about Mark
!T FIRST SHE SUGGESTED THAT -ARK 11x REFUSE afterwards. Choose the correct option.
TO SPEAK BUT THE POLICE KEPT 12x THREATEN HER
AND THE BOY AND EVENTUALLY GOT -ARK x
PUT IN A DETENTION CENTRE (E 14x ESCAPE Mark and his family taught me a lot. When he first came
AND WENT WITH 2EGGIE TO SEE IF THE BODY WAS for help, I was 1really / loads surprised that a child could
STILL IN THE HIDING PLACE -ULDANNO WAS THERE be so confident. He certainly has got what it 2brings /
AND COULD x KILL THEM BUT FORTUNATELY A takes to stand up for himself. I felt 3slightly / fairly more
NEIGHBOUR FRIGHTENED THE CRIMINALS AWAY worried about his mother who has had a hard life, but
4HEN 2EGGIE MADE A DEAL WITH THE POLICE
even she was 4somewhat / quite a lot stronger than
0ROVIDED THAT -ARK 16x TELL THE POLICE THE
LOCATION OF THE BODY HE 17x RECEIVE WITNESS I expected. The police only paid 5lip / mouth service to
PROTECTION FOR HIMSELF AND HIS FAMILY )N THE their obligation to protect a child so I knew I had to
END -ARK AND HIS FAMILY STARTED A NEW LIFE help. At one point, when Mark ran away I was ready to
6throw / give in the towel and 7nearly / hardly went back

to drinking, but the situation was far 8too / enough

dangerous to give up on him. Anyway, a good lawyer
should never abandon 9their / my client.

5 Underline the words you think are stressed for

emphasis in each sentence.
1 4HE BOYS WERE NOT NEARLY OLD ENOUGH TO BE
SMOKING
2 ) CANT PRAISE -ARK HIGHLY ENOUGH
3 7E CANT STAND THE POLICE THREATS
4 4HE PROBLEM WAS MUCH MORE COMPLICATED
THAN ) EXPECTED
5 7ELL DONE EVERYONE4HAT WAS GREAT

92 Listen and check.

104 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 Revision 2

6 Complete the second sentence so that it has a 8a Complete the sentences with the correct form
similar meaning to the first. Write between one of the words in brackets.
and four words.
1 ! x SOCIETY IS RUN BY WOMEN MATRIARCH
1 (E SHOULD HAVE PAID THE BILL 2 2UNNING UP A MOUNTAIN IS A REAL TEST OF x 
(E REGRETS x THE BILL ENDURE
2 (ES ALWAYS ASKING ME TO DO HIM FAVOURS 3 4HANK YOU FOR YOUR x TO THE PROJECT DEDICATE
(E KEEPS x ME TO DO HIM FAVOURS 4 4HE x WERE LINED UP READY TO START COMPETE
3 0EOPLE HAVE ASKED THE GOVERNMENT TO CHANGE 5 "E CAREFUL WHAT YOU BELIEVE BECAUSE A x
THE LAW IMAGE CAN BE MANIPULATED PHOTOGRAPH
4HE GOVERNMENT x TO CHANGE THE LAW 6 7E COULDNT OPEN THE WINDOWS SO THE ROOM
4 )M VERY HAPPY WHEN SOMEONE PRAISES ME WAS COMPLETELY x  AIR
) LOVE x WHEN SOMEONE PRAISES ME 7 9OU LOOK VERY x TODAY
(AS SOMETHING GOOD
HAPPENED TO YOU CHEER
5 -ANAGEMENT SAID THE WORKERS HAD TO TAKE A
PAY CUT 8 4HE OPEN PLAN KITCHEN IS VERY x SO THERE IS
ROOM FOR A BIG TABLE SPACE
-ANAGEMENT MADE  A PAY CUT
9 4HE FLIGHT x ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR PASSENGERSg
6 4HE STORY BECAME SO COMPLICATED THAT )
SAFETY AS WELL AS THEIR COMFORT ATTEND
COULDNT FOLLOW IT
3O COMPLICATED x THAT ) COULDNT FOLLOW IT 8b Underline the stressed syllable in each word
7 ) THINK YOU SHOULD TAKE A BREAK you formed in activity 8a. Listen and check.
93
) RECOMMEND x A BREAK
8 7HAT YOU THINK IS IMPORTANT
9 Complete the texts with the correct option below.
)TS x IS IMPORTANT
9 )TS POSSIBLE THAT THE DETECTIVE HAD FOUND THE A
ANSWER /NE OF THE LARGEST 1slums IN THE WORLD CAN BE
4HE DETECTIVE COULD x THE ANSWER FOUND IN -EXICO #ITY -ILLIONS OF PEOPLE LIVE
IN 2x CONDITIONS WITH NO x TO MOVE )N FACT
10 )M SURE THAT MY FRIENDS KNEW THAT *ACK HAD A
NEARLY A THIRD OF THE POPULATION OF THE CITY LIVE
PROBLEM
IN 4x TOWNS WITH NO BASIC x  SUCH AS DRINKING
-Y FRIENDS x KNOWN THAT *ACK HAD A PROBLEM WATER AND ELECTRICITY )N CONTRAST THE RICH LIVE
IN MANSIONS WITH 6x ON THE ROOF OR HIGH RISE
7 Complete the sentences with a particle. APARTMENTS THAT HAVE 7x VIEWS OF THE CITY
1 ) LOOK UP x MY OLDER BROTHER BECAUSE HES
HARD WORKING AND HONEST B
4HE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF *ANET *ONES IS A 8x TALE
2 (E WAS WALKING DOWN THE STREET WHEN ALL x 9OU ARE DRAWN INTO THE BOOK FROM THE FIRST PAGE
A SUDDEN A STRANGE MAN STARTED SHOUTING AT UNTIL THE VERY END )T IS THE STORY OF A YOUNG GIRL
HIM WHO GETS TO THE TOP OF THE x IN HER PROFESSION
3 4HERE WERE DOZENS OF PEOPLE LOOKING x  DESPITE HER UPBRINGING (OWEVER ) WAS
DOING NOTHING WHILE THE HOUSE WAS BURNING DISAPPOINTED BY A DISCOVERY ) MADE4HE 10x ON
4 -AKE SURE YOU CLOSE ALL THE WINDOWS x CASE THE BACK COVER SAYS SHE WORKED HARD TO PRODUCE
IT RAINS WHILE WERE OUT THE BOOK BUT IN FACT IT WAS WRITTEN BY A 11x 
5 %XPERTS PREDICT THAT THE ECONOMY WILL LOOK x
NEXT YEAR AS EXPORTS IMPROVE 1 a SLUMS b PARKS c AREAS
6 ) NEEDED SOME MONEY BUT THE CASHPOINT 2 a TERRIFIC b STUFFY c CRAMPED
MACHINE WAS x OF SERVICE 3 a SPACE b SPACES c STREETS
7 -Y BOSS IS LOOKING x EXPAND THE BUSINESS 4 a OVERCROWD b RUBBISH c SHANTY
OVER THE NEXT TWO YEARS
5 a SERVICES b ROOM c ROOMS
8 'ARY WAS x A DISADVANTAGE IN THE RACE BECAUSE
HE IS SO MUCH SMALLER THAN THE OTHERS 6 a BASEMENTS b HELIPADS c SUBURBS
9 )F ) HAVE TIME )LL LOOK x YOUR REPORT TOMORROW 7 a STUNNING b POKY c ROOMY
10 3OME OF THE CLASS LOOK DOWN x *IM BECAUSE 8 a PERSEVERING b CAPTIVATING c TINY
HE COMES FROM A POOR FAMILY 9 a LADDER b TREE c MOUNTAIN
10 a BLURB b PLOT c SCORE
11 a LISTED WRITER b PUBLISHER c GHOSTWRITER

THAT’S ENGLISH! 

Revision 2

SKILLS WORK
1 Read the texts and match the headlines to the advertisements.
1 $ISASTER RELIEF 3 7ORLDWIDE RESTORATION
2 #ITY EDUCATION PROJECT 4 2URAL VOLUNTEERING OPPORTUNITIES

A VOLUNTEERING
The aim of our organisation C
B
is to empower women and The mission of our project is to
Even if you only have a couple improve conditions for children
provide decent housing for spare, you can join
of weeks to and teachers in slum areas in
families, not only in the USA, er progra mme in
our volunte Bangladesh. If you volunteer
but in many other countries need enthus iastic
Tanzan ia. We with us, you may be asked to
in the world. We work to train people to help
open-m inded help renovate a classroom in an
volunteers in building skills. ent team in the
suppor t our perman existing school, carry out repairs
Our primary goal is to teach of the countr y. The
southe rn area to roofs or windows or even help
women how to solve problems
for themselves through training work consists of helping to build to build extra facilities for the
in practical areas, such as schools in remote areas. This can school. Traditional materials
making cement or plumbing include making desks, chairs and and techniques are used, but
and dealing with general house bookshelves as well as helping you don’t need any special skills
repairs. However, men are also in the schools once they have because you will be supervised
welcome! Our volunteers work been established. Volunteers may by local builders and carpenters.
together with homeowners to be asked to give English classes However, you should be fit and
rebuild or restore deteriorated or lessons in environmental healthy and ready to work in
houses and give disadvantaged awareness to protect the local all weather! You will stay in
families a place to live. We forests. Other projects that we the school where the project
welcome volunteers but also run in the area are related to is taking place, but it won’t be
need donations to buy materials reforestation, preparing land and like home. Take a mat to sleep
and support our training planting trees, and the construction on and remember there are no
programmes. of wells to provide clean water for showers, just a bucket of water.
village communities.

D
in the
After the typhoon in 2013, we started this long-term rebuilding project
were destroy ed in the north of Cebu Island
Philippines. Hundreds of schools
rebuilt,
and many families lost their homes. Not only do schools need to be
while their families struggl e to get their lives
but many children need care
could learn carpen try or basic buildin g skills,
back. So, if you don’t feel you
to
we also need volunteers to play games with the children, read stories
rs in the classro om. Accom modati on is provide d
them and help their teache
not been harmed by the storms . The price
with local families that have
(online source)

You will
you pay covers food, your room, insurance and airport transfers.
The minimu m stay is one week, but most
have to arrange your own flights.
volunteers spend at least a month on the island. TRACK 94

2 Read the texts again and answer the questions. 7 REQUIRE THE VOLUNTEERS TO BE IN GOOD PHYSICAL
Which projects … ? CONDITION
8 FOCUS ON A SPECIFIC GENDER
1 RUN SPECIAL COURSES
2 WORK WITH THE HELP OF LOCAL PEOPLE 3a Listen to the conversation between Steve and
3 HELP WITH EDUCATIONAL NEEDS Angela and tick (4) the jobs that are mentioned.
95
4 PROVIDE ACCOMMODATION FOR FAMILIES
5 INVOLVE LIVING AND WORKING IN UNCOMFORTABLE BEAUTICIAN BUS DRIVER CLEANER
CONDITIONS MECHANIC NANNY NURSE PILOT
6 HAVE AN OPTION THAT DOESNT INVOLVE BUILDING SOLDIER TEACHER SECURITY GUARD

106 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 Revision 2

3b Listen again and decide if the statements are

true (4) or false (7). Correct the false ones.
95
1 !NGELA THINKS MEN SHOULD BE ABLE TO WORK AS A
NANNY
2 !ROUND  OF THE PEOPLE WHO ANSWERED THE
SURVEY THOUGHT MEN SHOULD BE ABLE TO WORK AS Useful language:
A BEAUTICIAN ) BOUGHT IT BECAUSE  IN ORDER TO 
3 3TEVE THINKS WOMEN SHOULDNT WORK AS A PILOT SO THATx I bought a
4 7OMEN ARE MORE CRITICAL OF FEMALE DRIVING ) FELT ANNOYED  IRRITATED  smartphone
UNHAPPY online,
ABILITIES THAN MEN
) CANT STAND  HATE IT WHENx and...
5 -OST MEN THINK WOMEN ARE PATIENT ) WISH ) HAD  HADNTx
6 3TEVE THINKS !NGELA DRIVES BADLY
7 !NGELA IS BETTER AT HOUSEWORK THAN 3TEVE 6a Match the pairs of sentences that have a similar
meaning.
4a Look at each expression below. Write (D) if it
introduces polite disagreement, (O) if it introduces 1 9OU SAID )D GET MY MONEY BACK
an opinion and (A) if it asks for an opinion. 2 ) AM TOTALLY UNHAPPY WITH THE STUFF ) BOUGHT
3 ) LOOK FORWARD TO YOUR RESPONSE
1 ) DONT DISAGREE WITH WHAT YOU SAY BUTx
4 ) WANT TO TELL YOU ABOUT WHAT HAPPENED
2 4HE FACT IS THATx YESTERDAY
3 !NYWAY IN MY EXPERIENCEx 5 ) WANT MY MONEY BACK
4 7HAT ) THINK ISx 6 (OPE TO HEAR FROM YOU SOON
5 7OULD YOU AGREE THATx 7 ) AM EXTREMELY DISSATISFIED WITH THE PRODUCT )
6 9OU HAVE A POINT BUTx WAS SOLD
7 7HAT DO YOU THINK IS THE BEST  WORSTx 8 )M WRITING TO INFORM YOU OF AN INCIDENT THAT
8 &ROM MY POINT OF VIEWx OCCURRED YESTERDAY
9 9OU MAY BE RIGHT BUTx 9 ) WAS TOLD THAT ) COULD HAVE A REFUND
10 (OW WOULD YOU FEEL IFx 10 ) WOULD ASK YOU TO REFUND MY PURCHASE

4b Discuss the following statements with a partner. 6b Complete the table with the sentences from 6a.
Give examples from your own experience. Use
some of the expressions from activity 4a. Formal Informal
 
1 -EN ARE MORE COMPETITIVE THAN WOMEN
2 2EALITY 46 SHOWS ARE HUMILIATING FOR THE 7a You are going to write a letter of complaint to
PARTICIPANTS a hotel where you stayed. Put the ideas in the
3 9OU SHOULD ALWAYS COMPLAIN IF YOU ARE appropriate paragraphs.
DISSATISFIED WITH A SERVICE
Paragraph 1: %XPLAIN THE REASON FOR WRITING AND
BACKGROUND TO THE SITUATION
I would agree with the first statement.
Paragraph 2: %XPLAIN THE PROBLEM IN DETAIL
Men are more aggressive, aren’t they?
Paragraph 3: !SK FOR A SOLUTION
1 4HE ROOM WAS NOT CLEAN
You may be right, but in my experience… 2 ) STAYED AT THE HOTEL FOR TWO NIGHTS
3 ) ASKED FOR AN ALARM CALL BUT ) DIDNT GET IT
5 You are going to give a talk for two minutes 4 4HE RECEPTIONIST KEPT ME WAITING FOR  MINUTES
about a problem you had with a piece of TO CHECK IN
equipment. Use these points to help you. 5 ) WANT THE HOTEL TO REFUND MY MONEY
s $ESCRIBE THE DEVICE OR GADGET AND EXPLAIN WHY 6 ) HAD A NUMBER OF PROBLEMS WHEN STAYING AT
YOU BOUGHT IT THE HOTEL
s %XPLAIN WHAT WAS WRONG WITH IT 7 ) WAS TRAVELLING ON BUSINESS
s $ESCRIBE HOW YOU FELT AT THE TIME
7b Now, write your letter. Use the ideas in activities
s %XPLAIN WHAT YOU DID ABOUT THE PROBLEM 6a/6b, 7a and the model in unit 6 to help you.
s 3AY IF YOU HAVE ANY REGRETS ABOUT THE SITUATION Write 150-175 words.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 107

UNIT
10
READING COMPREHENSION I
Exam Strategies
The meaning of success
Multiple choice Success in life is often considered to be mainly related
to the quality and quantity of the possessions we
Exam tips have, or simply to our professional and social status.
However, we can also define personal success in other
Q Highlight key words in the question and options. terms, those of being satisfied with the simpler things
While you are reading the text, look for synonyms, in life like enjoying life and helping others. If we look
opposites or expressions that refer to the key forward to each day with anticipation and feel good
words. about what we are doing, then we actually already
Q Find the information that explains why one option have a successful life.
is right and the other options are wrong. 'If at first you don’t succeed, then try, try, try
again.' (W.E. Hickson)
Many successful people have had to deal with failure
in their lives. The inventor of the bagless vacuum
1a Underline the key words in the options below.
cleaner, James Dyson, tried 5,127 prototypes before
1 In his late twenties, Scott Harrison … . he eventually developed his revolutionary model, and
a lived like a typical young professional moreover, he also spent 15 years trying to market it
b made important changes to his life before becoming rich and famous. Yet another famous
c was unsuccessful in his profession inventor, Thomas Edison, failed at school but later
went on to invent devices that changed the world.
1b Look at paragraph 3 and answer the questions. 'Success is liking yourself, liking what you do
1 Which of the highlighted expressions prove and liking how you do it.' (Maya Angelou)
that option b is correct?
2 Which of the highlighted expressions prove
that options a and c are not correct?

2 Now read the text and choose the correct option

for each question.
1 According to the article, one element of
success can be defined as … .
a being of service to the world
b being true to your ideals
c being a social person
2 Before he was successful, James Dyson spent
At the age of 28, Scott Harrison reached a turning point
15 years … .
in his life. He had been working in marketing in New
a creating prototypes for his vacuum cleaner
York for several years and apparently had everything
b trying to sell his prototypes
a young professional could want. Not only did he work
c promoting his vacuum cleaner with famous clients and mix with the jet set, but he also
3 Charity Water was … . had a bright future ahead of him. However, after an
a the first charity Scott joined eye-opening trip abroad, he realised that his lifestyle
b started by Scott was selfish and shallow. So he joined a volunteer
c never successful organisation that provided medical treatment in
some of the poorest countries in West Africa. By the
4 Jan Stocker’s story illustrates that … . time Scott was 30, he knew that he could use his
a her son has had a stimulating life experience to help others and decided to found Charity
b her life has been exciting Water, which aims to provide clean water for people
c it’s possible to overcome problems in developing countries. Since it began, the charity
has funded over 13,000 projects in 22 countries and
brought water nearer to nearly 4.5 million people.
That is success!

108 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 UNIT 10
h many of them have very complicated injuries
'Count the garden by the flowers, never by the i initial investigative research was carried out
leaves that fall. Count your life with smiles j operation is new
and not the tears that roll.' (Unknown) k because of spinal injuries
Jan Stocker was told at the birth of her second child l required cutting into the man’s skull
that he would never walk, talk or be able to do anything m has its dangers
by himself. Not wanting to believe such terrible news, n despite daily physiotherapy
Jan and her husband spent every day stimulating their
tiny baby both physically and mentally. Now at age
10, their child has enough physical mobility to be able
As important as humankind
to walk short distances and is even beginning to read walking on the moon!
and write. Jan says that despite the difficulties and In the not too distant future, thousands of people
effort over the years, just seeing the excitement on her who are paralysed 0because of spinal injuries

(online source)
boy’s face as he sets off for school shows her life has may be helped by an extraordinary development
been a success. in cell transplant research. Surgeons in Poland
TRACK 96
have already successfully treated a man, 1…
walk and had no sensation in his lower body,
READING COMPREHENSION II by using nerve cells from the patient’s olfactory
nerve system to
Completing the missing reconstruct the part
information of his spine that
had been severed in
Exam tips a knife attack. The
operation 2… and
Q Look at the information before and after the gap
and try to predict what comes in it.
removing cells from
the olfactory bulb in
Q Once you have chosen an option, make sure his brain.
the sentence fits by checking the grammar,
punctuation, etc. Amazingly, these olfactory cells have a great
capacity for reproducing themselves and so they
can work together to connect the 3… . The 38-year-
1a Look at the highlighted sentence in the text and
decide what kind of information should go into old man, 4… walk with the aid of a frame, now has
the gap. sensation back in his legs and will soon even be
able to drive a car and go hunting with his friends
1 why the people are paralysed again. After two years of being in a wheelchair
2 when the people became paralysed with no signs of recovery, 5… , the man now feels
3 what kind of people are paralysed like his life is starting over again.
1b Look again and decide which option fits best Although this 6… , doctors don’t want to raise
grammatically. people’s hopes too much and have warned
that the procedure is not guaranteed to work
1 many have very complicated injuries
with all patients. The 7… other patients with
2 the broken nerves in the spine
spinal injuries to continue this experimental
3 because of spinal injuries project. However, they will only be able to treat a
2 Now complete the text (1-10) with the missing maximum of ten people over the next few years.
information (a-n). There are three extra phrases There are currently around 40,000 people with
you don’t need. paralysis from spinal cord damage in the UK but
8… that may not respond to this type of treatment.
a is funded by
b surgical team is looking for The project 9… a charity that was founded by the
c broken nerves in the spine father of a boy who was confined to a wheelchair
d who has already begun to
after a swimming accident. The 10… in London
but a team of neurosurgeons then collaborated
(online source)

e seems to be a miracle cure

to perform the actual operation in a Polish
f who was unable to
hospital.
g other patients in the project TRACK 97

THAT’S ENGLISH! 109

Exam Strategies

2 The motel room has … .

LISTENING COMPREHENSION I a cooking facilities and a TV
Multiple choice b cleaning services
c a lot of space for clothes
Exam tips
3 Harry Young … .
Q Look at the introduction, the statements and a built his own accommodation
options before you listen to get an idea of the b lived in a car park
situation.
c worked in a team to make a shopping mall
4 Harry Young’s room … .
1a Look at the introduction, statement and options
in the sample question below. Underline the key a had a toilet
words. b had basic furniture
c was complicated to get in and out of
You are going to hear a radio programme 5 Harry Young … .
about unusual places to live in. Listen and
choose the correct option. a now lives in a temporary home
b now works in building
1 Mr and Mrs Johnson … . c has been lucky
a get an income from the motel they own
b live just outside Plymouth LISTENING COMPREHENSION II
c have lived in the same place for 25 years
True or false
1b Options a and b above are incorrect. Listen to
the first part of the recording and correct the Exam tips
98 information that is wrong.
Q If something is not mentioned, you can’t consider it
to be true.
Q Do not over generalise. For example: I don’t like that
cat doesn’t mean I don’t like cats is true.

1a You are going to hear an extract from a job

interview. Listen to the first part of the recording
100 and decide whether the information below is
not mentioned (NM) or is an over generalisation
(OG).
1 Ms Connor obtained a degree in Arts from
Oxford.
2 Ms Connor wasn’t a good science student.

1b Listen to the rest of the extract and decide if the

Exam tip statements are true (4) or false (7). You will hear
101 the recording twice.
Q Be careful of distractors – words that may seem to
give you the right answer but they don’t. 1 The students at Oxford worried a lot about
their grades.
2 Ms Connor set up a company called Travel
1c Now listen to the rest of the programme. Choose Choice to organise holidays and business trips.
the correct option. You will hear the recording 3 Hotels use the software to learn about good
99
twice. and bad comments from clients.
1 Mr and Mrs Johnson pay less for staying in a 4 A rich American bought the Travel Choice
motel because … . business.
a they help with the redecorating 5 Ms Connor says that customers are sometimes
b they book a room the year before uncertain about what problems they have.
c they book a less comfortable room

110 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 UNIT 10
WRITING I 4 Now write the report. Include a description of
the course, evaluate its positive and negative
Writing a report aspects and say whether you would recommend
it. Write about 150-180 words.
1 Read the following writing task and answer the
questions below.
WRITING II
You are going to write a report for your boss Writing a review of a place
on a course you followed. You’ve been asked
to analyse if the course would be useful for Exam tip
other members of staff.
Q Use interesting adjectives to attract the
s Who is the report for? Should the language reader’s attention and make suggestions or
be formal, semiformal or informal? recommendations for the reader.
s Is it an update or an evaluation?
s What should your conclusion include?
1 Complete the sentences with the adjectives
from the box.
Exam tips captivating comfortable higher magical
spacious spectacular
Q Think of the topic of your report, make a list of
ideas about it and group them into paragraphs.
1 The view from the top of the hill was … . You
could see the whole town below.
2a Which of these ideas would be important to 2 The rooms were far more … than I imagined –
include in your report? bigger than my bedroom at home.
3 The bed was extremely … so I slept really well.
1 There was a variety of practical activities.
4 The atmosphere was … , just like a fairy tale.
2 The focus of the course would definitely apply to
members of our department. 5 I had to pay a slightly … price than I expected.
3 The course was a week long. 6 The little girls who performed a dance in the
evening were … . They were so adorable!
4 The lunch breaks were very short.
5 The course was on sales strategies. 2 Match the beginnings (1-4) to the ends (a-d) of
6 One of my fellow students was very interesting. the suggestions.
7 There were few opportunities to ask questions. 1 If I were you, 3 I totally recommend
8 I have been working in this field for two years. 2 I firmly believe that 4 By far, the best way to
2b Now, match the ideas (1-8) you chose from a trying the little restaurant in the corner of the
activity 2a to the sections of the report (a-e). square.
b I’d make sure to visit the art museum.
a introduction c positive aspects e conclusion
c get around the city is walking.
b description d negative aspects
d you won’t regret spending a day there.

Exam tip 3 Read the advertisement on a holiday booking

website and write a review of a place you have
Q Think of a topic sentence for each paragraph and visited. Write about 150 words.
develop it adding details and examples. Use linkers.
WIN A FREE HOLIDAY
FOR TWO!
3 Identify the topic sentence in the following What can you tell us about
introductory paragraph. a place you have visited?
Write a review of a city,
In this report, I will analyse the positive and area or tourist attraction
negative aspects of the two-day course on you have been to. The three
sales strategies organised by the Global best reviews will win airline
Conference Company. I hope it will help with tickets to Paris for the
decision-making when selecting a similar weekend of your choice.
course for other members of staff.
I’d never seen such an amazing place! This was…

THAT’S ENGLISH! 111

Exam Strategies

SPEAKING: Interaction 3 Imagine you are having a discussion and your

partner makes these comments. Think of a
Discussion response using any of the expressions from
activity 2.
Exam tip 1 I think immigration should be restricted to
skilled workers.
Q You can develop your arguments in a discussion by
adding extra points to an initial idea. 2 Bad drivers should be given greater
punishments.
3 Students have an easy life.
1 Read the initial ideas (1-4) and decide which 4 Pensioners need the help of their families.
extra points (a-h) could be added to each of 5 I wouldn’t like to be a doctor.
them. There are two points for each idea.
1 I think having a job you enjoy is important in 4 Look at the question and discussion points
life. below with your partner(s). Talk about them for
about 4-5 minutes if you are doing the exam in
2 I’m sure that most people don’t worry about pairs, or for 6-7 minutes if it is a group of three
being healthy until they are ill. candidates.
3 Nowadays I worry about supporting my family.
4 The Beatles sang All you need is love but I’m
What is important in life? Look at the
not so sure that is all you need.
statements and discuss whether you agree
and why.
a After all, everyone has bad habits that aren’t
good for their health.
b What’s more, I reckon true friendship is more s Owning your own home only brings
important than love. problems.
c For example, being a nurse is not well paid but s It’s better to have one or two really good
can be very satisfying. friends than know lots of people.
d For instance, a lot of people smoke and drink. s Family is more important than friends.
e Don’t you think that money is important when s We should work to live not live to work.
you have people who depend on you? s Holidays are essential to be able to work well.
f We all need to eat as well! s Challenges give meaning to life.
g In my case, I have three children who are still
students.
h Personally, I love what I do.

Exam tip

Q Don’t worry if you can’t think of an opinion

immediately. Keep the conversation going by adding
to your partner’s comments or by helping them to
expand on their ideas.

2 Are these expressions used for adding to a

comment (AC) or asking for more information
(AI)?
1 What do you mean?
2 Can you give me an example?
Well, having a place to live is obviously
3 I’d like to add…
essential for me, but sometimes renting a
4 As well, I think… house is easier.
5 Is that your situation?
6 I know about a similar situation…
7 Why do you think that? Yes, I agree. You don’t have to worry about
8 I have to agree with that because… paying for repairs. For example, in my flat...

112 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 UNIT 10
SPEAKING: Monologue
Describing an event Exam tips

Q Give details of how you felt about an experience.

Exam tips
Q Use time references to describe a sequence of 3 Choose the correct option.
events.
1 When I couldn’t get onto the course I wanted, I
was devastated / awful, because I had wanted
to do it very much.
1 Complete the text with the words from the box.
2 At first, I thought my boss was old-
fashioned / unfair because he always gave the
just later moment suddenly while best projects to my colleague.
3 After I had finished the marathon, I was
absolutely gorgeous / exhausted.
1… I was living in Ibiza, my father was 4 I was thrilled / upset to be chosen out of 500
promoted, so a week 2… the whole family contestants.
moved to Valencia. I must have been about 5 The day I found out that Sam was leaving, I
sixteen because I’d 3… finished my fourth year felt disappointed / intrigued because it meant
of secondary school, so I 4… had to look for a our team was losing one of the best players.
new school to go to. I managed to get a place
in a school pretty near my house and from that 4 Talk about an experience you have had that
5… on, my life changed.
was important or changed your life. Talk for 2-3
minutes. Include the following:

Exam tips s the events that led up to this experience

s the people or person that most influenced
Q Give detailed descriptions. you at that time
s how you felt at the time
s how this change has affected your life today
2 Match the questions (1-5) to the answers (a-e).
1 Who were they?
2 How did you meet?
3 What was your first impression of them?
4 What were they like?
5 What was special about them?
a On my very first day, I was walking along the
corridor looking for my classroom when he
stopped to help me.
b The reason he influenced me so much was
because he loved politics and inspired me to
study political science at university.
c He was my tutor, though I only had classes
with him twice a week.
d I thought he was kind because he took the
time to show me where to go.
e I got to know him quite well because he was
very open and in class he treated us all as
adults. He was a great motivator and encouraged
us to give and justify our opinions.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 113

SELF TEST UNIT 1
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form
Since he’s been here, the new head teacher
of the verb in brackets: past perfect simple or
has 4… the school … : it’s completely different!
past perfect continuous.
1 Some of these kids … outside New York before
they joined the programme. (not travel) He was progressing well, but then his parents’
marriage broke up and his behaviour 5… .
2 He … for the gang for a year before he was
first arrested. (work)
3 It wasn’t the first time they … , but this time he It was really amazing: it 6… my new boss and
knew he couldn’t go back to her. (break up) I come from the same place!
4 She … to lose weight for ages when we met
and now she finally has! (try)
5 I think they … to leave when the police arrived: 4 Complete the interview with Eric. Use the verbs
there were suitcases everywhere. (prepare) in brackets with would or used to. If both forms
6 When we arrived, they … their cases and were are possible, use would.
putting them in the car. (pack)
I: So, Eric, what 1… (do) before you became a
2 Which verb cannot be used in each sentence? full-time dad?
Eric: I 2… (work) in a bank. It was well-paid, but I
1 I can’t seem to give up / break up / grow out of hated it. I was depressed.
my habit of always being late. I: Why 3… (feel) so miserable?
2 I was almost 40 when I got into / took up / took Eric: I disliked my boss. He 4… (shout) at us.
over online gaming. And no matter what you did for him, he
3 I’ve decided to break up with / get rid of / 5… never … (thank) you. There 6… (be) an
throw away my old school books. awful atmosphere in the office.
4 It’s a horrible situation and I don’t know if I can I: So how have things changed for you?
put up with / bear / take over it. Eric: Well, I sleep better now! I 7… (have) this
5 My father died a year ago, but I still haven’t awful dream about just walking out of
got over / come off / recovered from the shock. the office. And I’m more relaxed: when
6 He’s finding it difficult to break away from / get things were really bad, I 8… (write) angry
over / turn his back on his old gang friends. resignation emails, but I 9… never … (send)
7 If you hang out with / don’t stay away from / them. Until the day I did!
grow out of that kind of person, you’re going I: So when was the turning point for you?
to end up in prison. Eric: When my son was born. I 10… (not think)
8 He’s been a different person since he came off / that anything was more important than
gave up / got over drugs. money, but his arrival changed that.

3 Complete the quotes with the correct form of an 5 Complete the three dialogues with appropriate
expression from the box. expressions for reassurance and advice.

turn-up for the books turn around Dialogue 1

turn out the tide has turned A: I forgot my mum’s birthday and she’s very
take a turn for the worse turn over a new leaf upset. Can you give me any 1… ?
B: Give her a huge bunch of flowers, the 2… ,
the … . And apologise!
I thought the economic recession would
never end, but now it seems as if 1… and the Dialogue 2
job market is improving. A: I keep trying to give up smoking, but I just
can’t! Help 3… ! I’m desperate!
B: 4… up! There are lots of people in the same
It was a real 2… when he left the company. position. I’m sure everything will 5… all right
Nobody had been expecting it! in the end. 6… you … of trying hypnosis?
Dialogue 3
A: I hate my job!
After I last spent too much, I decided to 3… . B: Oh, 7… , it can’t be as bad as all that. But if
I’ve thrown away my credit cards. you really hate it, then you’d 8… start looking
for a new one, 9… ?

114 THAT’S ENGLISH!

SELF TEST UNIT 2
1 Complete the text about starting a business with a or we will never manage to make a profit.
the modal and auxiliary verbs from the box. b apart from a few computers.
c it would have grown faster.
don’t don’t have to do
d we’re a subsidiary of a much larger company.
must should shouldn’t
e and went into liquidation.
f with disastrous results for many homeowners.
You 1… invest a lot of money to start your
own business. Some businesses, for 4 Rewrite the sentences using reduced relative
example, an online company which you clauses.
run from home, cost very little to set up.
However, you 2… have a clear business 1 If you need advice about computers, she is the
plan and financial targets. 3… borrow more person who you should talk to.
money from the bank than you have to, but 2 The offices are in that big building which
4… try to get as much free advice as possible
overlooks the port.
from professional business advisors before
3 I’d like to see the report which was published
you start. If you have a family, you 5… risk
last year.
your home by using it as a guarantee for a
bank loan. You 6… always have some extra 4 The woman by the door who is talking to
money for emergencies as well. Cathy is the new boss!
5 The project which was finished last autumn
was the most successful we had ever
2 Complete the sentences with a word from box
undertaken.
A and a word from box B. Use the correct tense
and form. 6 That is the web page that you should go to for
more information.
A B
break close rip down over in 5 Choose the correct option.
invest sell take off out even 1 It was interesting work but, because of the
high travel costs, it wasn’t very profitable /
1 We didn’t have as much capital as we needed, profit.
so we tried to persuade some of our friends to 2 The company has been losing money for the
… the business. last six months: we need to ask the bank for a
2 Our suppliers … us ... by charging us for lots lend / loan.
of material we hadn’t ordered. 3 The new Managing Director plans to
3 We’re not going to make a profit this year, but investment / invest more money in technology.
we should at least … . 4 We need to employ a person with lots of
4 It’s very sad: the business has been in the computing expertise / expert.
family for over 100 years, but they’ve been 5 Customers appreciate the flexible / flexibility
losing money and they’re going to have to … of the service we offer.
it … . 6 The market fluctuated wildly last year but it
5 He decided to … of the company he had seems to be stability / stable now.
created and use the money to travel round the
world. 6 Use the prompts to write sentences. Join the
6 The firm was … by a big American company clauses with the connector in brackets.
two years ago and lots of the old staff left. 1 they failed many times / they never gave up
(despite + noun)
3 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) to
the endings (a-f). 2 we didn’t work very hard / made a lot of money
(although)
1 We had almost no assets 3 they can’t afford to set up an office in London /
2 The company couldn’t keep up the repayments nobody speaks English well enough to run it
on their loans (furthermore)
3 The real estate market collapsed in the early 4 she feels ill / she went into work as usual (in
90s spite of + -ing)
4 Our expenses mustn’t exceed our revenues 5 he seems to spend all day on the phone / gets
5 If he had ploughed back the profits into the excellent results (however)
business, 6 our sales are down / profits will drop
6 We’re not an independent business: (therefore)

THAT’S ENGLISH! 115

SELF TEST UNIT 3
1 Replace the words in bold using the adverbs
absolutely, completely and totally and an British workers loved drinking wine, when in
adjective from the box. fact they only drank beer at that time! His
greatest success was when he convinced the
awful gorgeous furious huge ridiculous Germans that the D-Day landings would take
exhausted amazing devastated freezing place near Calais. He sent 500 messages
which 4... the enemy ... so that they were
1 Her engagement ring was very beautiful. unprepared for the invasion in Normandy. It
2 She looks very silly in that hat. was the 5 ... ever!
3 Our trip to New York was fun but it was very
cold.
4 We didn’t see everything at the museum as it 4 Complete the sentences with a suitable
was very big. expression.
5 Everything about the hotel was very good. 1 Her eyes were red because she had ... for
6 I was very angry when my brother borrowed hours last night.
my laptop without asking me first. 2 I’m ... because it’s raining, I’ve got no money
7 Susie was very upset when her fiancé split up and my friends are all on holiday.
with her. 3 When she found the old photo of her parents,
8 We were all very tired after the long flight from she ... and couldn’t speak or answer my
Australia. questions.
9 Don’t go to that restaurant for a meal – the 4 I could see she was nearly crying as ... in her
food and service are very bad. eyes.
5 Gemma opened the letter with her awful exam
2 Rewrite the sentences using not only … , but results and suddenly ... and ran from the room.
also to make them more emphatic.
1 You annoy me and you irritate everyone else. 5 Listen to the conversation about Dan’s university
visit. Decide if the sentences are true (4) or false
2 She sang well and played the piano superbly. 32 (7). Correct the false ones.
3 Our neighbours park outside our house and
leave their rubbish there. 1 Dan was pleased with his visit to the university.
4 He is a good leader and a great public speaker. 2 Dan thinks he’ll enjoy the web design course.
5 I dislike cats and I hate dogs. 3 He wasn’t impressed by the campus.
6 The children did nothing to help and they 4 He absolutely loved the hall of residence.
made a big mess. 5 He didn’t like the university’s sports facilities.
6 He thought the swimming pool was too small.
3 Complete the text with the correct form of the
expressions from the box. 7 He hated the gym.

6 Put the parts of the story in the correct order.

give (a secret) away in secret
take someone in best-kept secret 1 Later, my old aunt noticed the clown was
keep (something) a secret missing and asked everyone but I said nothing.
2 I was looking at a porcelain figure of a clown
Juan Pujol García when suddenly I dropped it and it broke. I was
was one of the most terrified! So I quickly ran to the bathroom and
successful secret agents put the pieces in the top of the toilet – you
working for the Allies know, the water tank.
in World War II. While 3 The biggest secret I ever kept from my parents
he was really working happened when I was about ten years old.
in Portugal 1... , he I suppose I was frightened of what would
managed to convince happen if I told the truth, so I kept quiet.
the Germans he was in 4 It was quite valuable, in fact. It’s probably still
Britain and sent them there in the water tank, I’m ashamed to say.
detailed information. At 5 We were visiting an old aunt of my father’s
the same time, he began who had lots of interesting objects in her
working for the Allies and he managed to house. The adults were all talking outside and
2... his true identity ... from the Germans.
I was bored so I started playing with things.
He nearly 3... the secret ... when he reported

116 THAT’S ENGLISH!

SELF TEST UNIT 4
1 Rewrite the sentences using the word in 2 He cannot be trusted because he is
brackets. 3 The respectful way the soldiers treated the
civilian prisoners
1 I don’t know where to start. (hardly)
4 Count your blessings, you only lost your
2 She is the best friend I have. (simply)
house and car in the flood,
3 I don’t know whether he will help me or not. (just)
5 Bless you!
4 It is a surprise that he passed his exams.
6 It was an act of faith for me to walk into the
(surprisingly)
lion’s cage
5 She looks young but she is in fact older than
him. (really) a restored my faith in humanity.
6 It is a pity they lost the competition. b You came to help me just in time.
(unfortunately) c even though the keeper said that I would not
7 I am sure you will be very welcome. (certainly) be attacked.
8 The train is supposed to leave at 9.00 a.m. d the miraculous power of this holy water.
(actually) e it could have been worse.
f dishonest and is not acting in good faith.
2 Complete the sentences with the correct words
from the box. 5 Listen to the conversation about a retreat and
answer the questions.
shrine Heaven priest sins fast 41
Hell prayer pilgrimage 1 What is Meg?
a an atheist b a Buddhist c a Christian
1 Please say a … for me.
2 Where is Meg going on her retreat?
2 Take this offering to the … .
a India b Scotland c Greece
3 We are going on a ... to the Holy City.
4 He has been on a … for three weeks – he’s lost 3 Which of these activities is on offer?
a lot of weight. a yoga b dance c sailing
5 The holy water will wash away your … . 4 What is Meg going to find difficult about the
6 Some people believe that if you live a good retreat?
life, you will go to … . a no mobile phone
7 Some people believe that … is a punishment b no speaking c no smoking
for sin.
5 How long is the retreat?
8 The … gave the couple a blessing.
a a week b a weekend c a month
3 Complete the dialogue with the correct question 6 What kind of food is provided?
tags. a vegetarian b none c only fruit
Sally: The Canterbury Tales was written by
Geoffrey Chaucer, 1… ? 6 Rewrite the sentences using the connector in
brackets.
Teacher: Yes, it was. It’s a collection of stories
told by a group of pilgrims at the end 1 I am going to the party even though I have
of the 14th century. Let’s read one of been ill for three days. (despite)
the stories, 2… ? You’ve read one of the 2 In spite of being very busy, she helped me
stories already, 3… ? with the shopping. (nevertheless)
Sally: Yes, but it was difficult. Not everybody 3 The church was burnt to the ground, yet the
has to study it at school, 4… ? painting was not touched by the fire. (although)
Teacher: No, and I’m not surprised you found it 4 He buys her gifts and flowers, yet she refuses
difficult. It’s not like modern English, 5… ? to speak to him. (in spite of)
Sally: Not really. It sounds different too. Don’t 5 The team only had ten men, yet they won the
ask me what it all means, 6… ? game. (even so)
Teacher: Don’t worry! I’ll explain the stories, 6 The water was cold. Nevertheless, he took a
they’re very funny. You can see I love shower. (still)
Chaucer, 7… ? And you will too.
7 Although I don’t want to sell my car, I have no
4 Match the two halves of the sentences. choice. (however)
8 I left him a message to phone me urgently, yet
1 She has blind faith in he refused to call me back. (even so)

THAT’S ENGLISH! 117

SELF TEST UNIT 5
1 Choose the correct option. 4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of
the words in brackets.
1 He’ll agree to move to a smaller office, provided
that / unless he doesn’t have to share. 1 The ground floor feels very … thanks to the
2 Given that / As long as she was a feng shui open-plan layout. (space)
expert, it wasn’t surprising that she had strong 2 More and more people arrive every day and
opinions about room layout. the camp is now badly … . (crowd)
3 Supposing / Providing you could live anywhere 3 They didn’t like the apartment: they found it
in the world, where would you choose? dark and … . (depress)
4 I wouldn’t want to leave her alone in case / 4 Thanks to the big windows, the office was
given that she fell over and hurt herself. well-… . (ventilate)
5 As long as / In case there are no more problems, 5 Open the windows. It’s so stuffy and … in here
we should be able to move next week. – I can hardly breathe! (air)
6 He would never sell the land to developers 6 The kitchen was painted in bright … colours,
unless / if he was forced to. so it was a lovely room. (cheer)

2 Complete the dialogue with the correct form of 5 Complete the sentences using expressions with
the verbs in brackets. the word space.
A: What 1… you … to improve our living space, 1 It makes me feel uncomfortable when he
supposing that we 2… enough money? (do / stands so close – he’s always in my … .
have) 2 He’s a big tall man and he … too much … in
B: To start with, I 3… those boxes of football our tiny office!
magazines – as long as Jez 4… me! (throw 3 Storing all these old computers is a … . We
away / let) could use this room for other things.
A: Well, providing nobody 5… it to him, I don’t 4 Their apartment is very small, so they’ve
think he 6… even … . (mention / notice) learned to make the best possible … .
B: Do you think so? 5 Living in a house is great! When we lived in a
A: Yes. He 7… never … unless you 8… him. caravan, there wasn’t any … .
(realise / tell)
B: OK, I will! But I think I 9… just one box in case 6a Listen to two conversations about office
he 10… . (keep / check) improvements. Answer the questions.
56
1 Do the people in each conversation agree or
3a Put the words in the box in the correct order to
disagree?
make phrases. Complete the sentences.
2 How do they express their opinion? Complete
the sentences.
expensive as nearly bigger slightly only
a Do you...? c I’m not sure…
most beautiful quite the cold much too
b I wouldn’t… d I think…
exciting bit a more little enough big hardly
6b Use the prompts and the verbs in brackets to
1 Come on, those apartments aren’t just small, write complete sentences in two different ways.
they’re … to live in!
1 Sherman / knock down the walls and make the
2 Could you turn on the heating? It’s … in here. office open-plan. (suggest)
3 We could afford a feng shui consultation after 2 Wei-Wei / convert the meeting rooms next to
all; they aren’t … as we thought. the kitchen into offices. (recommend)
4 This office is … than the one next door. 3 Jill / cancel the installation of a new air
5 The problem is the boring view: people want conditioning system. (suggest)
to look at something … than a car park. 4 Jill / keep the old system. (recommend)
6 It’s lovely here: in fact, I think it’s … place I’ve
ever been in.

3b Underline the words in the phrases that are

stressed for emphasis in activity 3a.

3c Listen, check and repeat.

55

118 THAT’S ENGLISH!

SELF TEST UNIT 6
1 Complete the gaps with the correct form of a word 4 Complete the dialogues with the expressions
or phrase from the box or the verbs in brackets. from the box.

out of service keep come into service the best I’ve ever first class keeps making
in service have always switching off make a complaint
afraid… a problem with can’t praise it highly

A: I’m 1… there’s … the heating.

B: What’s wrong with it?
A: It’s 2… . Also, I’d like to 3… about the radio. It
4… a beeping noise.

A: Was everything all right with your meal?

B: Wonderful, I 5… enough.
A: And what about the wine?
B: It was 6… had.
A: And the service?
The Millennium Bridge in London 1... in June B: It was absolutely 7… .
2000, but it 2... (close) by safety engineers
only two days later and was 3... for over two 5 Listen and decide if the speaker is expressing
years. The new pedestrian bridge 4... (design) annoyance (A) or surprise and approval (SA).
by a famous architect, but it 5... moving when 65
people walked over it. The government 6... 1 My mother’s always sending me money.
(be) anxious to avoid criticism that money 2 Sally is always telling me what to do.
7... (waste) on the project, so it 8... extra
3 They are always trying to help everyone.
weights fitted to resolve the problem. The
repaired bridge has been 9... since 2002 with 4 If you keep buying me presents, I’ll always
no further problems. love you.
5 Joe keeps asking me out.
2 Complete the text with the correct tense of the 6 I keep losing my keys.
passive of the verbs in brackets.
6 Choose the correct option.
A high-speed train service (HS2) 1... (propose)
between London and Birmingham. 50
minutes 2... (save) on the journey when Dear Sir or Madam / Restaurant manager,
the line is operational. Work will start on I ‘m / am writing to complain about the
the project in 2017 and it 3... (complete) poor service and disappointing food
by 2027. £300 million 4... (already / spend) you served me / I was served at your
on planning. Discussions 5... (hold) at the restaurant last night.
moment with farmers and businesses who The table was booked / We booked the
will be affected. The previous scheme, the table for 8 p.m., but we did not sit down
Advanced Passenger Train 6... (cancel) six until 8:45 p.m. It took another hour for
months ago due to technical problems. the first course to arrive. You offered us /
We were offered a free bottle of wine, but
3 Complete the sentences using the words in it never arrived. When the main course
brackets. came, the fish was not fresh. We finally
ordered / were ordered steak but that was
1 I … every six months. (my teeth, get, check) tough.
2 We … two years ago. (the house, have, I am extremely pleased / dissatisfied, and
redecorate) I want you to give me / would like a full
3 We … next month. (the roof, get, replace) refund of £60.
4 She … since I last saw her. (a tattoo, have, do) Please do not hesitate / don’t hesitate
5 You should … every year. (your eyes, have, to contact me if you require any further
test) information / don’t understand.
6 They … while I was staying with them. (a new Yours faithfully / sincerely,
kitchen, get, install) Martin Vaughan

THAT’S ENGLISH! 119

SELF TEST UNIT 7
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form 3 He considered winning the grand tournament
of can or be able to. If there are two possible to be the greatest … in his career. (achieve)
answers, write both. 4 The standard is so high that there are fewer …
this year. (compete)
1 We arrived late, but we … watch the second
half of the match. 5 I’m not a very … person who is always trying
to achieve things: I’m happy to live in the
2 She … read music when she was little, but she
moment. (ambition)
… play the guitar really well and sing.
6 I’ve never seen anyone demonstrate so much
3 When I was younger, I … practise the violin for
… , she just never gives up! (persevere)
hours without a break.
4 We were so tired that we … stay awake during 5 Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) to
the film. the endings (a-f).
2 Choose the correct option. 1 But you can’t match a player of her experience
with a beginner – it’s just not
A: So what were the rules for the young
2 Some people will do anything to
apprentices when you were training? Were
you 1had to / made to stay in the heya all the 3 He knew he was too old to play professionally
time? anymore and that it was time to
B: Yes, we 2did / were, although we did have 4 Have you got
some free time in the afternoons and once 5 My opponent was much bigger and heavier
a week 3we were allowed to / they made us than me, which I felt
go into town if we wanted to. But we were 6 My job is to get the very best out of you as
4required to / allowed to behave properly and
players and
with dignity. We 5were made to / must wear
the kimono and our hair in a topknot and we a put me at a disadvantage.
6weren’t let / weren’t allowed to go into bars
b push you beyond your limits.
or nightclubs or get involved in activities such
c fair play!
as gambling.
d get to the top of the ladder.
A: Is it true that when you were training you were
7required / allowed to eat 10,000 calories a day? e what it takes to become a champion?
B: That is what was recommended, but we f throw in the towel.
8weren’t made to / weren’t allowed to if we

didn’t want to. They 9didn’t make / didn’t 6 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.
allow us eat more than was comfortable for
us. But everyone knew that you 10needed / 1 It is a pity I didn’t study harder at school. (if only)
had to be big and strong to succeed in sumo. 2 I regret not going to bed earlier last night.
A: I see. So, rikishi rules haven’t changed at all! (should)
3 I ate so much at dinner and now I feel full! (wish)
3 Choose the correct modifier. 4 I’m so sorry I didn’t go to university. (regret)
1 He’s a slow worker, but on that last job he 5 We’re lost. I wish I had listened properly when
worked particularly / rather slowly. I thought he was explaining the route. (if only)
he’d never finish! 6 I spent too much money on holiday and now I
2 Did they perform very badly last night? am broke! (wish)
Pretty / Extremely badly, but lots of the other 7 Complete the phrases for telling anecdotes.
teams were worse!
3 She wasn’t driving all that / quite fast, so she 1 At the … when it happened, I was working for
managed to stop the car in time. an IT company in Lisbon.
4 She took the news rather / remarkably calmly. 2 ... , one day she asked me if I wanted to go
I was surprised. with her and I said ‘yes’.
3 This was the … I had been waiting for; I had
4 Complete the sentences with the correct form always wanted to use my English in my job.
of the words in brackets. 4 As it … out, nobody was very interested in our
1 The coach was well known for his … and we idea.
were all slightly afraid of him. (strict) 5 To … a long story short, we got married six
2 In order to become a champion, you need to months later.
be very … and dedicate your life to your art. 6 Looking … on it now, I wish I … been more
(discipline) assertive.
120 THAT’S ENGLISH!
SELF TEST UNIT 8
1 Write the words to match the definitions. 4 Match the two halves of the sentences.
1 books with hard covers 1 Eventually, the rain stopped,
2 a document which contains the dialogue which 2 I really can’t remember the details of the crime
characters speak in a film anymore,
3 the place where the events happen in a book 3 Several years ago, there was an enormous
4 the sequence of events in a novel or film scandal about that woman,
5 a book which is very successful and sells a lot 4 The sound of drumming went on for ages,
of copies 5 The woman started screaming,
6 actors who work together in a film or play 6 The audience clapped and cheered,
7 the people who watch a film, play or other
performance a and she had to retire from public life.
8 books based on someone else’s real life story b and it was at this point that the gun went off.
c and we were able to go outside.
2 Listen to the conversation. Choose the correct d and then it stopped as abruptly as it had begun.
option to explain what has happened.
82 e it all happened when I was very young.
1 The woman must have / can’t have / might f and after a while the orchestra came on again
have forgotten where she parked the car. to play an encore.
2 Her husband might have / can’t have / must
have taken the car. 5 Replace the words in bold with a synonym.
3 Someone must have / might have / can’t have 1 He closed the window so hard, the glass broke.
stolen the car.
2 Glenda looked across the lake but could see
4 The neighbours might have / can’t have / must nothing in the dark evening.
have seen what happened.
3 The fugitive was shaking with fear when they
found him.
3 Complete the text with the correct form of the
verbs in brackets or a word from the box. 4 They can’t have climbed up that hill; the incline
is much too extreme.
fiction best-sellers novelist 5 I feel very worried about this; I don’t think it is
publisher crime autobiography a good idea at all.
6 We are experiencing the end of a hurricane
1… is a work of with sudden currents of air up to 80 km/hour.
imagination, but it can
also be based on fact. For 6 Complete the sentences you might find in a
2… writer Dick Francis, book or film review with the words below.
it was his knowledge of
1 It was a … film which held their attention from
horse racing which he
the moment it started.
included in his stories,
and which contributed 2 One of the best things about the film is the …
to his success as a 3… . because it’s the music which adds to the terror.
Dick 4… (grow up) with 3 What I liked best were the descriptions of the
horses and his father was snowy landscapes and as the story developed,
a jockey, so when Dick left the … became another character in the book.
FRANCIS, DICK school, he too became a
Penguin, February 4 The … is so witty and full of humour, it made
professional jockey. By me laugh out loud.
1990
the time he 5… (reach) the
age of 37, he 6… (ride) over 350 winners. But 5 He deserves to win an Oscar for his … , it is
he also had many falls and was injured quite convincing from start to finish.
badly in some of them. In 1957, he was at the 6 I couldn’t put it down, and I raced through the
top of his career and 7… (ride) as a jockey for pages following the twists and turns of the … .
Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother. But after 7 The critics praised it but I found the film
another serious fall, he stopped racing and unrelentingly violent and … .
began writing his 8… . He rejected the idea
from his 9… of using a ghostwriter. Instead, a script e soundtrack
he 10… (write) it himself and so began a new b setting f performance
career in journalism and writing. With one c spellbinding g oppressive
exception, Dick wrote a novel every year for
38 years and had over 40 international 11… . d plot

THAT’S ENGLISH! 121

SELF TEST UNIT 9
1 Complete the text with the correct form of a 6 The bride looked so lovely that everyone cried.
phrasal verb with look.
4 Complete the text (1-4) with the correct question
(a-d).

Forty years on from the birth of feminism,

the demands of a career and childcare are
still as problematic as ever. So, 1... ?
Ruby, a manager, said, ‘I’d choose a family
over a career but it’s unfair that men don’t
have to choose’. 2... .
Stella, a journalist, said she went back to

(online source)
work when her son was nine months old.
3… . ‘Yes, of course! But luckily we could afford

childcare. Women don’t need to change their

In China, over the last 15 years the ratio of plans - society needs to change. 4... .’
girls born compared to boys has dropped
dramatically. The authorities are concerned
about this and are 1... restore the balance by a Why does this only affect women and not
2020. In rural areas, the birth of a daughter is men?
still 2... as a misfortune. A family with sons is b But how long will that take?
3... in the community, whereas a mother who
c ‘Was it difficult for you “having it all”?’
only produces daughters is 4... as a failure.
d Can women have both children and a
The Care for Girls programme rewards families professional life?
with daughters with free education and now
the future for girls in rural China is 5... . 5 Rewrite the sentences to emphasise your point
using it’s + the words in bold.
2 Replace the word in bold with a gender neutral 1 How she said it hurt most.
term.
2 People remember what you do, not why.
1 A spokesman for the government said they 3 Society needs to change its plans, not women.
were looking into the problem. 4 You need to adapt, not me.
2 The shoplifter was arrested by a policewoman.
3 A child should listen to his parents. 6 Complete the dialogues with an appropriate
4 Dame Judi Dench is one of Britain’s most word to partially agree, interrupt or emphasise
famous actresses. a point.
5 ‘Please welcome Sir David Knight, chairman Dialogue 1
of the committee.’
A: I think there are too many female presenters
6 The air steward who looked after us was very on TV. Where are the men?
helpful.
B: You’ve got a 1... , but it’s good women are
7 One of the biggest problems facing mankind getting the chance.
is climate change.
8 Someone has left his briefcase behind. Would Dialogue 2
he please collect it from reception? A: As I see it, the school leaving age should be
lowered to 15, not increased to 18, because
3 Rewrite the sentences to make them more it’s a waste of money in some cases.
emphatic. B: 2... on a minute, 3... the future of young people
that’s important, 4... saving money.
1 The rain was so heavy that the match was
cancelled. Dialogue 3
2 They had such a difficult climb that they nearly A: I think children do better in single sex schools
gave up. because they concentrate better.
3 The concert was such a success that they B: I can see where you’re 5... from, but I think it’s
decided to repeat it. because the teachers change their style of
4 The train was so crowded that we couldn’t get teaching. Anyway, mixed schools are more fun.
a seat. A: Sorry, can I just 6… you there? Because my
5 The noise was such that we couldn’t hear what mixed school was very strict.
was being said.

122 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Grammar Reference Unit 1

1 PAST PERFECT SIMPLE AND PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Past perfect simple: had + past participle Past perfect continuous: had been + -ing
s To indicate that an action took place before s To indicate that an action started and still
another action in the past: continued at a given point in the past:
I had removed my tattoos when I started playing She had been suffering abuse for many
football (first I removed my tattoos and then I started years before she decided to go to the police.
playing football).*
He had been playing football in prison for
When she got home, she was out of cigarettes. several months when the football team
She had smoked more than ten that evening. found out about him.
s It is often used to emphasise the fact that the
action was repeated many times or lasted for
a long time:
She had been smoking too much in the last
few years, and she felt terribly out of shape.
They had been dreaming of buying a new
house for years, but it was still a dream.

*Compare with I removed my tattoos when I started playing football (first I started playing football, and then I
removed my tattoos).

2 ON / BEFORE / AFTER + VERB -ING

On*+ verb -ing = when + subject + past simple On realising / When he realised that people
*Sometimes upon, in more formal or literary contexts. paid more attention to him with the cat,
It indicates that something happened he started carrying it on his shoulder as he
immediately after or as a result of an action. played music.

Before + verb -ing = before + subject + past simple Before becoming / Before he became an actor,
he was homeless.

After + verb -ing = after + subject + past simple / After accusing him / After they accused /
past perfect had accused him of being obsessed with
computer games, his parents realised he had
a special talent for programming.

3 USED TO AND WOULD

We can use both used to and would + infinitive to speak about past habits and typical
behaviours or actions which were often repeated in the past:
When I was a student I would / used to go to bed really late at night, and then I would /
used to have trouble waking up in the morning. At the weekend, I wouldn’t / didn’t use to
get up before noon.
s Would is more common than used to when we are telling stories or describing events from
the past:
On Sundays, I would ask my father if I could borrow his car, but he would always say no.
He’d ask me to drive my mother to church, but he wouldn’t let me take the car by myself
in the evening.
s We generally use used to (but not would) to speak about past states or stable situations
in the past (e.g. residence or occupation), and with stative verbs (i.e. verbs not used in the
continuous form):
She used to be a famous actress. Now, very few people remember her.
We used to live in Dublin.
He didn’t use to work from home.
I didn’t use to like vegetables, but now I love them.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 123

Grammar Reference Unit 1

4 REVIEW OF EXPRESSIONS OF ADVICE

Imperative forms: Consider taking a training course.
Do take your friends’ advice into consideration.
To give more emphasis, you can start the Whatever you do, try to keep things in perspective.
sentence with whatever you do. Whatever you do, don’t apply for any more credit
cards.

Modal verbs and have to:

STRONG You have to be patient in these situations.
have to / need to / must You must / need to be honest with yourself.
Parents should / ought to be supportive.
should / ought to
We shouldn’t jump to conclusions here.
could
She could try to limit the number of credit cards
may she has.
might He may find a self-help book useful.
They might want to consult a psychologist.
MILD

Subject + had / ’d better (not) + infinitive You’d better do something about it before it’s too
late.
She’d better not start ordering things on the
Internet.

If I were you, I would / ’d + infinitive If I were you, I’d start sorting out what is really
important and what you can throw away.

How / What about + -ing? How / What about writing a list with all your options?
Why don’t you + infinitive? Why don’t you ask a friend to help you?

The sooner + subject + verb, the better The sooner you start, the better.

Have you thought of / considered + -ing? Have you thought of / considered hiring a professional
to help you?

5 EXPRESSING REASSURANCE
Here are some useful expressions to comfort people when they are feeling worried:
Don’t worry.
You’ll be all right.
Come on.
Cheer up.
It’s probably not as bad as you think.
I’m sure everything will be / turn out all right (in the end).
You’ll / It’ll be fine.
There’s no need to worry.
It isn’t as bad as all that.

124 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Grammar Reference Unit 2

1 REVIEW OF WORD FORMATION

Prefixes and suffixes help to create new words. Here are some useful examples:
Prefixes
Prefix Meaning Examples
s To form fore- before, previous foresee, foretell
verbs
mis- badly or improperly mislead, misinterpret, misunderstand
out- excessively or outdo, outperform
better than others
under- insufficiently undercharge, underpay, underestimate
s To form dis- dishonest, dissatisfied, dissimilar
adjectives
im- / in- / makes the impatient, impossible, inconvenient,
ir- / il- adjective negative irresponsible, illegal
un- uncomfortable, unfair, unimportant

Suffixes
Suffix Meaning Examples
s To form -ise / digitalise, specialise, summarise, visualise
verbs from -ize (US)
nouns and makes +
adjectives -en adjective freshen, shorten, strengthen, widen
-ify classify, intensify, simplify
s To form -tion / action, conclusion, demonstration, expansion
nouns from -sion
verbs
-ment result of an advertisement, development, punishment
action
-al approval, denial, proposal, renoval
-ance / -ence attendance, continuance, existence, preference
-er / -or actor, calculator, computer, director, driver,
person / object teacher
doing an action
-ant / -ent accountant, shop assistant, student
s To form nouns -ship status of being championship, friendship, leadership,
from nouns noun / abstract membership
nouns
s To form -ity curiosity, peculiarity, similarity, stupidity
nouns from status or
adjectives -cy quality of consistency, frequency
being adjective
-ness darkness, goodness, weakness
s To form -ous courageous, dangerous, glamorous
adjectives related to or
from nouns -al possessing magical, national, optional, professional
that quality
-ful beautiful, careful, graceful
-less not possessing careless, fearless, homeless, powerless
that quality
s To form -ent absorbent, different, excellent
adjectives possessing
from verbs -ive attractive, preventive, restrictive
that quality
-able avoidable, comfortable, countable, respectable

THAT’S ENGLISH! 125

Grammar Reference Unit 2

2 REVIEW OF GIVING INSTRUCTIONS

Obligation / Prohibition
s Speaker imposes their authority. imperative
Compliment your host.
Don’t be late!

must / mustn’t
You must be patient.
You mustn’t interrupt anyone when they are speaking.
s Speaker informs of rules or have to / need to
needs.
You have to / need to find ways to make everyone
comfortable, including yourself.
No obligation
s Speaker informs of absence of don’t have to / don’t need to
obligation. You don’t have to / don’t need to bring a gift for your host,
but they will appreciate it if you do.
Advice
s Speaker presents the instruction should / shouldn’t
as advice. You should wear a suit if you have a business meeting.
You shouldn’t ask any personal questions unless you
know the other person very well.

3 REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES

Some types of relative clauses can be shortened in order to concentrate information. In general, reduced
relative clauses are more common in written English and in the news:
The woman that was taking notes was the boss, not a secretary.
The woman taking notes was the boss, not a secretary.
There are four types:

s Relative pronoun + verb in the The door which connects / The door connecting both rooms
active voice or a continuous form has been removed.
in the passive voice are reduced The person who was sitting / The person sitting next to me
to the present participle (-ing). on the plane turned out to be an old schoolmate.
The terms which are being discussed / The terms being
discussed are for your new contract.

s Relative pronoun + verb in the The members of the staff (who have been) chosen for
passive voice are reduced to promotion will receive a bonus.
past participle. All books (which are) published in Spain have an ISBN
number.

s Relative pronoun + have to and This is the book that you must read / This is the book to read
equivalent expressions (i.e. need if you want to improve your finances.
to, must, should and ought to) If you have any questions, she is the person that you should
are reduced to to + infinitive. ask / the person to ask.

s Relative pronoun + be + The boxes (which are) in the corner are for your department.
prepositional phrase are reduced You need to sign the documents (which are) on your desk.
by omitting the relative pronoun
+ be.

126 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Grammar Reference Unit 2

4 EXPRESSING CONTRAST: DESPITE AND IN SPITE OF

Despite and in spite of express contrast.
They are followed by any of these structures:

Despite / In spite of + noun / pronoun Despite / In spite of the cultural differences

between us, we had a very successful meeting.

Despite / In spite of + -ing Despite / In spite of leaving the office early, I

was late for the interview.
We use Despite / In spite of having + past He didn’t seem to know what he was saying
participle when it is important to indicate that despite / in spite of having written a long report
the action is finished. about the subject.

Despite / In spite of + the fact that* + clause She didn’t seem to remember me despite / in
(subject + verb) spite of the fact that we had met before.

! You cannot use a sentence directly after

despite / in spite of. You need to introduce it
with the fact that.

5 REVISION OF CONNECTORS

As a phrase or clause within a sentence Starting a new sentence (after a strong

pause)

Reason We took a taxi because / as* we didn’t They rejected our proposal. Consequently, /
and want to be late for the meeting. *(more As a result, / Therefore, / So,* we had to
result formal) find a new sponsor. *(more informal)

Personal To my mind, / It seems to me that / As far

opinion as I am concerned, / As I see it, / In my
opinion, it was a bad decision.

Contrast Whereas / While / Although I wanted They had made a very good offer.
to renegotiate the proposal, my boss However, / Nevertheless, ours was even
decided against it. better.
She never called back although she said He is a charming man. On the other hand,
she would. / In contrast, he can be quite aggressive.
In spite of / Despite the fact that we didn’t I never said I wouldn’t sign that contract.
want to be rude, they found our manners On the contrary, I was very happy with
offensive. your offer.

Addition In addition to paying attention to You’ll be in charge of the project. In

greetings, you will have to mind your addition, you’ll have to write a final report.
table manners. We need to create a need for our product.
It is also a good idea to ask whether Moreover, / Furthermore, our advertising
something is OK before you do it. campaign has to be more aggressive than
You may need to take into consideration our competitors’.
other cultural habits as well.
In our meeting we will deal with the
details of the new contract as well as the
deadlines for the new project.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 127

Grammar Reference Unit 3

1 INVERSION FOR EMPHASIS

If you start a sentence with the expression not only in order to make it more dramatic or
emphatic, that part of the sentence will take the structure of a question. Not only is frequently
used in combination with but… also / as well :
They wanted to interview me and find out all my secrets.
Not only did they want to interview me, but they also wanted to find out all my secrets.

She is both a good friend and a faithful one as well.

Not only is she a good friend, but a faithful one as well.
He not only works hard, but he also enjoys his job.
Not only does he work hard, but he also enjoys his job.

He could play the piano at the age of four and write music when he was six.
Not only could he play the piano at the age of four, but he could also write music when he
was six.

2 ADVERBS OF DEGREE
We can use adverbs of degree in front of an adjective to modify the intensity of the quality it
describes:

extremely Kate is extremely intelligent and

Adding high

very hardworking. They are really

intensity

very interested in hiring her for the

really agency.

quite normally with positive adjectives Susan’s husband is quite reserved.

He must be quite good at keeping
secrets.
Adding some intensity

fairly She was fairly honest with her

parents about what she did with
her friends, but she didn’t tell
them all the details.

pretty colloquial alternative to quite / This hotel is pretty well-known but

fairly with positive or negative also pretty expensive.
adjectives

rather normally with negative adjectives We found the service rather slow,
(with positive adjectives, it means but the meal was rather tasty.
‘more than usual’ or ‘more than
expected’)

not very slightly is quite formal and we This hotel is not very modern,
Reducing
intensity

usually use it with comparatives but it is centrally located. It is also

slightly slightly cheaper than the rest.

3GRADABLE AND EXTREME ADJECTIVES

s Gradable adjectives can have degrees of intensity and can be modified by adverbs like
extremely, very, quite, slightly, etc.:
It was extremely cold for September so we couldn’t use the pool. The children got quite
angry when we told them.

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s Extreme adjectives include the idea of maximum intensity in their meaning so they cannot
be modified by the adverb very. There are alternatives to very, such as absolutely, totally or
completely :
It was not only cold in the cinema; it was absolutely freezing so we almost got ill. My wife
was totally furious about it and complained to the manager.
s Quite can also be used with extreme adjectives. In that case, it means absolutely :
The food in the restaurant was quite awful.

Here are the most common extreme adjectives:

Gradable Extreme
angry furious

bad awful, terrible, horrible

beautiful gorgeous

big huge, enormous

cold freezing

crowded packed

frightened terrified

funny hilarious

good amazing, fantastic, wonderful

hungry starving

interesting fascinating

scary terrifying

silly ridiculous

small tiny

tired exhausted

upset devastated

4 EXPRESSING HESITATION
s We can soften an opinion or statement by using a bit, somewhat, sort of and kind of in front
of an adjective. A bit, sort of and kind of are informal:
It was a bit / somewhat / sort of / kind of awkward to be invited to a wedding that wouldn’t
be celebrated. We all felt a bit / somewhat / sort of / kind of disappointed and angry.
s Sort of and kind of can also be used with verbs:
I sort of / kind of knew that something was wrong before she told me.
Kevin sort of / kind of needed to be different and catch everyone’s attention.

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Grammar Reference Unit 4

1 REVIEW OF QUESTION TAGS

s We use question tags at the end of a sentence to check information or ask for agreement
(see Pronunciation Guide, page 148). If the main sentence is affirmative, the question tag is
usually negative and vice versa. Keep in mind that words like nothing, no one, never, hardly,
etc. make sentences negative:
Affirmative sentence – negative tag Negative sentence – affirmative tag
Jane married a Muslim, didn’t she? You wouldn’t mind eating pork, would you?
But she’s a Muslim, isn’t she? Your children have never been to a religious
service, have they?
s It is possible to have affirmative question tags after an affirmative sentence when we expect
an affirmative answer (generally because we’ve seen or heard information that would
confirm our statement):
You’re from India, are you? (I’m quite sure you’re from India.)
They want to build another temple, do they?
s As question tags are abbreviated questions, we use the same auxiliary as we would use to
transform the main sentence into a question:
We’d never argue over religion, would we?
They went to Mecca last year, didn’t they?
Here are some special structures of question tags:

s I am ‘ aren’t I? s let’s ‘ shall we?

I’m a good Christian, aren’t I? Let’s stop and rethink the situation, shall we?

s Imperatives ‘ will you / won’t you? s nothing, anything, something, etc. ‘ …it?
Read this article before the lecture, will you / Something seems to be wrong, doesn’t it?
won’t you? Everything is important, isn’t it?
Please try to understand her, will you / won’t
you? s anyone, somebody, everybody, etc. ‘ …they?
Somebody will have to tell them they’re
wrong, won’t they?
No one seems to agree on this at least, do they?

! Remember: ‘‘d rather = would rather / ‘d better = had better

He’d rather avoid the subject of religion, wouldn’t he?
She’d better be careful not to upset her in-laws, hadn’t she?

2 EXPRESSING DOUBT AND BELIEF

Here are the most common expressions to speak about doubt and belief:
Doubt
I doubt, It’s doubtful
if / whether / (that)… I doubt if / whether / (that) they will pay me back
I’m not sure
all the money they owe me.
I have my doubts
I wonder
if / whether… I can’t tell if / whether he was telling the truth
I don’t know, I can’t tell
or not.
It’s hard to tell / say

It’s very / highly unlikely (that)… It’s very unlikely (that) they’ll regret their decision.

I wouldn’t be too sure about his parents

I wouldn’t be too sure about…
agreeing to the wedding.

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Grammar Reference Unit 4

Belief
I (do) (firmly) believe
I have no doubt
There’s no doubt
(that)… There’s no doubt (that) religious disputes will
I’m convinced
only make matters worse.
I’m sure
I’m certain
I’m positive

s We can add emphasis to these expressions of doubt or belief by using adverbs like really,
actually, simply, just, certainly, hardly, etc. These adverbs are usually placed before main
verbs and negative verb forms but after the verb be:
I simply wonder whether they actually believe in what they preach.
I just couldn’t tell whether they were pleased to meet me or not.
It is certainly very unlikely (that) she will ever change religions.

! Remember that hardly has a very restrictive meaning and functions like a negative adverb:
There’s hardly any doubt (that) she will convert to Judaism.

s Alternatively, we can start our sentences with adverbs like unfortunately or surprisingly to
add an opinion:
Unfortunately, it’s very unlikely (that) they will confess to their crimes.
Surprisingly, I doubt (that) they will ever accept me in their church.

3 CONNECTORS: YET, STILL AND EVEN SO

These three connectors add information which comes in contrast with what the speaker has
said immediately before:
Many students came from different backgrounds, yet everyone got on really well.
The crowds were enormous. Still, the atmosphere was relaxed and cheerful.
The majority of people in Britain consider themselves Christian. Even so, very few go to
church regularly.
s Yet can function like but and be used between two adjectives or after a comma:
It’s a simple yet / but effective way to deal with cultural differences.
I was brought up as a Christian, yet / but I respect the customs of the country where I live.
s And yet and but… still are equivalent expressions:
Millions of pilgrims arrive at the same time and yet the number of incidents is minimal / but
the number of incidents is still minimal.
s Yet, still and even so can also function like however. In this case, they need to be preceded
by a strong pause and followed by a comma:
They say they have been neutral in the conflict. Yet / Still / Even so, all evidence points to
the contrary / However, all evidence points to the contrary.
We come from very different religious backgrounds. Yet / Still / Even so, we've never argued
over moral issues.

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Grammar Reference Unit 5

1 IF, UNLESS, IN CASE, PROVIDED THAT

Conditional sentences are used to speak about events that will take place if a condition is met.
These are the two types which are used to speak about the present or the future:

First conditional
If + present simple, will + For situations which are If I find a cheap apartment
infinitive possible in the future. The in the suburbs, I’ll move
condition is probable. out of the city centre.

Second conditional
If + past simple, would + For situations that are If we had more money,
infinitive impossible in the present we would live in a bigger
or improbable in the house.
future. The condition is They would accept the
improbable. offer if the government
gave them a good price.

s With first conditional sentences, we can use the following alternatives to if :

– As long as, provided (that), providing and on condition that :
You will be happy in London as long as / provided (that) / providing / on condition that
you have enough money to pay for the high cost of living.

! In case does not introduce a condition. It is used to speak about an action which is taken
as a precaution:
Take some money with you in case you need to put petrol in the car (because you may
need to put petrol in the car).

– Unless can also be used with first or second conditional sentences and it is equivalent to if
+ a negative sentence:
I won’t move out of this house unless they give me a fair price for it (if they don’t give me
a fair price for it).
I wouldn’t take that job unless they offered me a lot of money (if they didn’t offer me a lot of
money).

s With second conditionals we can use supposing (that) and imagine (that) as alternatives to
if :
Supposing (that) / Imagine (that) you had all the money in the world, where would you
live?

2 MODIFIERS WITH COMPARATIVE STRUCTURES, TOO AND ENOUGH

If we want to add or reduce the intensity of comparative structures or the adverbs too and
enough, we can use the following modifiers:

Comparatives
much / far + comparative London is much / far more expensive than
Madrid.

a (little) bit / not much / Valencia is a (little) bit / slightly cheaper than
slightly Madrid.
Pollution isn’t much worse now than it was
last month.

not nearly + as + adjective + as Living in a shared flat isn’t nearly as expensive

as having your own apartment.

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Grammar Reference Unit 5

Too and enough

much / far + too + adjective This area is much / far too crowded for me. I need
to see open spaces.

hardly / not nearly + adjective + enough Our house is hardly / not nearly big enough for
four people.

3 AGREEING AND DISAGREEING

Here are some useful expressions to show agreement and disagreement:
Agreeing Disagreeing
That’s just what I was going to say. I think that you might be forgetting that…
That’s exactly the point I was trying to make. I’m not entirely sure I agree with you there.
You took the words right out of my mouth. I’m not so sure about that.
That’s exactly how I feel. I wouldn’t quite put it that way myself.
I agree with you 100 per cent. That’s not necessarily / always true.
I couldn't agree (with you) more. That’s not always / necessarily the case.
Exactly! I totally disagree.
Absolutely! I see your point, but…
There’s (absolutely) no doubt about that. I agree up to a point, but…
You have a point there. That’s nonsense / rubbish! (Colloquial)

4 GIVING RECOMMENDATIONS AND MAKING SUGGESTIONS

The following structures and expressions can be used to give recommendations and suggestions:
s Recommend / Suggest + -ing :
I would strongly recommend visiting the local temples.
The tour guide suggested spending some time in the local market.
s Recommend / Suggest + that + subject + (should) infinitive:
He also recommended / suggested that we (should) go to a typical restaurant in the centre.
Our guidebook strongly recommended / suggested that tourists (should) avoid the slums
outside the city.
s Other expressions:
– I think the best option would be to + infinitive:
I think the best option would be to visit the centre of town.
– If I were you, I’d + infinitive:
If I were you, I’d stay away from the slums.
– Personally, I think it’s always worth + -ing:
Personally, I think it’s always worth spending some time talking with the locals.
– How about / What about + -ing:
How about / What about doing some shopping in the local market?

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Grammar Reference Unit 6

1 REVIEW OF PASSIVE FORMS

The passive voice is used when we want to emphasise the action, not the agent. If we do want
to mention the agent, we use the preposition by :
Extra workers were hired right before Christmas.
A new campaign has been launched by the local council.
s Verbs like ask, give, lend, offer, send, show and tell can have two objects, a direct object and
an indirect object. In this case, it is common to have the indirect object (the person receiving
the action) as the subject in the passive voice. This makes it appear at the beginning of the
sentence and makes it more prominent:
They offered me a discount. They told her that they would give her a refund.
Ind. O. Dir. O. Ind. O. Dir. O.

I was offered a discount. She was told that they would give her a refund.

– When it is the direct object that becomes the subject of the passive sentence, the indirect
object is preceded by to:
They offered me a discount. A discount was offered to me.
Ind. O. Dir. O.

2 CAUSATIVE HAVE: TO HAVE / GET SOMETHING DONE

With the structure have / get + something + past participle, we imply that the subject doesn’t
do the action but someone else does it for them. Get is more informal:
We had / got our house painted (someone painted the house for us).
She had / got her ears pierced (someone pierced her ears).
s This structure is similar to the passive voice so if we want to indicate the agent of the action,
we use the preposition by :
I had my eyes checked by an optician, not a doctor.

! There is a non-causative use of have which means that an unwanted action was done to
the subject. Get is also used in this context, but it is less common:
I had / got my mobile phone stolen.
He had his house searched by the police.

3 PRAISING AND CRITICISING

We can use the following structures to express praise and criticism:

love it She loves it when her guests look satisfied.

when + sentence
hate it I hate it when they put me on hold.
We hate our mother(‘s) interfering with
love everything we do.
noun(‘s)* / pronoun /
hate possessive adj.* + -ing My boss loves us / our getting new customers.
can’t stand I can’t stand you / your imposing your views in
every meeting.
Other structures:
I can’t praise + noun / pronoun + highly enough I really can’t praise her work highly enough.
Noun / pronoun + be + adjective The service at the restaurant was perfect.
Noun / pronoun + be + absolutely first class It was absolutely first class.
It was the best + (noun) + I’ve ever + past participle It was the best (performance) I’ve ever seen.
I’m afraid there is a problem with + noun I’m afraid there’s a problem with the heating
in my room.
*the use of possessives is more formal
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Grammar Reference Unit 6

4 KEEP + -ING AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS WITH ALWAYS

When we want to express that something is repeated many times, we can use the verb keep
+ -ing or a verb in the present continuous with always. We often use these structures to speak
about something that we find particularly annoying or pleasantly surprising:
These telemarketing people keep phoning me every afternoon!
Customers are always complaining about having to wait too long to be served.
Our company keeps bringing out new products at even better prices.
My neighbour is always giving us vegetables from her garden.

5 SINGULAR AND PLURAL COLLECTIVE NOUNS

Collective nouns
people, always plural The police are coming immediately.
police, youth Our youth deserve more support.

committee, s British English: The committee decides on the budget.

family, The committee meet once a week.
government, – verb in singular if they
group, team, refer to the whole unit My family isn’t very large.
etc. – verb in plural if they My family are coming for a visit this weekend.
refer to the individual The government is also known as ‘the executive’.
members
The government are a group of well-prepared people.

s American English: My family is coming for a visit.

usually singular The government is a group of well-prepared people.

6 REVIEW OF FEATURES TO INDICATE FORMALITY

There are a number of features you can use to make your language more formal:
s In a letter, use the right salutation and closing:
Dear Mr / Ms… Dear Sir or Madam / Dear Sirs,
Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully,
s Use sentences in the passive voice:
I was told that an agent would get in touch with me.
My watch was never properly repaired.
s Do not use contractions:
The server did not offer an apology at any time.
s Soften your complaints with expressions like I am afraid or I am sorry, but...:
I am afraid there is a problem with the item you sent me.
I am sorry, but I do not think I deserve the treatment I received from your staff.
s Use polite equivalents for I want such as I would like, I request, I hope I can expect, I believe
I am entitled to, etc:
I would like / I request a full refund of the money I paid.
I hope I can expect / I believe I am entitled to a discount on my next order.

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Grammar Reference Unit 7

1 OBLIGATION AND PERMISSION

We often use verbs like can or must to indicate that someone has permission or an obligation.
However, if we want to indicate that someone or something is imposing an obligation or
granting permission, we use the following structures:

make + object + infinitive My parents made me play tennis when I was a

child, but I hated it.
Our coach makes us train for two hours a day.

! In the passive voice: subject + be + I was made to play tennis when I was a child and
made + to + infinitive I hated it.
We were made to train for hours.
Obligation

require / force + object + to + infinitive They required us to fill in a form to enter the
competition.
She forces her children to take piano lessons.

In the passive voice: subject + be + He was required to take blood tests after the race
required / forced + to + infinitive to check for doping.
Trainees are required to wear a kimono in public.
Sumo fighters are forced to eat a lot in order to
gain weight.

let + object + infinitive They let trainees take a nap in the afternoon,
after lunch.
My coach doesn’t let me eat sweets or ice cream.
Permission

allow + object + to + infinitive He allowed his children to watch the game on TV

although it finished at midnight.

! In the passive voice you can only use Trainees are allowed to go home once a month
allow: subject + be + allowed + to + to visit their families.
infinitive Players aren’t allowed to take any medication
before the race.

2 EXPRESSING ABILITY IN THE PAST

Be able to is used as an alternative to can in all tenses, including the past:
I could / was able to participate in the Olympics.
s However, when we speak about ability in general in the past, we usually use could :
She could dance very well, so the coach thought she would be good at gymnastics.
s In contrast, when we want to speak about a particular situation in the past or a single action
that was particularly difficult, we use was / were able to. In this case, was / were able to is
equivalent to managed to:
The match was tough but our team were able to / managed to classify for the finals.
He was able to / managed to find tickets for the game through an online provider.
s In the negative, it is often not important to make a distinction between general or particular
reference, so we can often use either couldn’t or wasn’t / weren’t able to for both. Was /
were unable to can be used as an alternative to wasn’t / weren’t able to:
Although I tried hard, I wasn’t able to / was unable to / couldn’t win the match.

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Grammar Reference Unit 7

3 LIMITING AND INTENSIFYING ADVERBS

We can use adverbs to modify other adverbs:

Limiting fairly, pretty, quite, not She had trained quite hard so she was able to
all that, rather + adverb win rather easily.
(reducing strength) He doesn’t run all that fast after all, but he
plays fairly well and scores goals pretty often.

Intensifying very, really + adverb His opponent reacted really slowly, so he took
the lead.

(adding speaker's amazingly, The whole team has played exceptionally /

opinion) astonishingly, extremely / particularly / remarkably well this
exceptionally, season.
extremely, particularly,
Things move amazingly / extremely fast on
remarkably + adverb
the field, so you need to be alert all the time.

4 EXPRESSING PAST REGRETS

wish / If only + past perfect I don’t really feel fit for the race. I wish I had trained
more during the winter.
He wishes he hadn’t left the team so early in the season
because he would be in the major league now.
I’ve put on a few pounds lately. If only I had followed my
trainer’s advice on healthy eating! But there´s nothing
I can do now!

should have + past participle I should have been more patient with the players.
Nobody wants to train with me now!
I shouldn’t have been so competitive during the game.
I missed all the fun!

regret + noun The coach regretted some of his decisions, but he

thought the final result was worth the extra effort.

regret + -ing / having + past participle I regret telling him he was hopeless at football. Now
he’s depressed.

If we want to emphasise that the action I regret hiring him as a coach. He’s ruining the team (he
was completed in the past, we use is still the coach).
regret + having + past participle I regret having hired him as a coach. He almost ruined
the team. I’m glad he moved on (he is no longer the coach).

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Grammar Reference Unit 8

1 MODALS FOR SPECULATION IN THE PAST

We use the perfect infinitive have + past participle to indicate that a modal refers to a past
action or event:
I was alone in the house that night. I heard a noise outside but there was no one there when
I looked… It must have been the wind.

Possibility
possible may We need to confirm your version, but you
may have found the solution to the mystery.
could + have + past participle It could have been my imagination, but I
thought I saw something weird.
more remote might She might have been at the scene of the
crime, but the police don’t think so.

Certainty
must Of course, there wasn't a monster in your
+ have + past participle room. You must have been dreaming.
can’t You can’t have seen a ghost. Ghosts don’t
exist!

2 REVISION OF PAST TENSES

Present perfect vs past simple
s To indicate that an action started (and maybe s To indicate that an action finished in the past
finished) in the past but still affects the and has no connection to the present:
present: She broke her leg last year.
She has broken her leg.
I waited for two hours and then I left.
I have lost my car keys so I can’t go to work.

s For general experiences: s For specific experiences:

Have you ever seen a ghost? When did you see the ghost?
I have seen ghosts in this house. I saw a ghost last night.

s With periods of time that are unspecific or s With periods of time that are specific and
not finished: ever, never, so far, today, this finished: a minute ago, yesterday, last night,
year, etc.: in April, in 2005, etc.:
He has written two books so far. He published his latest book last year.

s With the expression this is the first / second /

third… time:
This is the first time she’s driven this car.
This is the third time I’ve seen this film.

Past continuous
s To indicate that an action was in progress at a specific point in the past:
What was that mysterious woman doing when you saw her?
He was riding his favourite horse when he fell.

s To describe the setting of a story in the past:

I was sitting alone in the living room when suddenly I felt a ghostly presence.

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Grammar Reference Unit 8

Past perfect
s To indicate that an action finished before another action in the past:
When we arrived home, somebody had moved all the furniture around.
I couldn’t write the review last night because I hadn’t finished the book.
Had you read the book when you saw The Hobbit?

Present perfect continuous and past perfect continuous

s To indicate that an action started in the past s To indicate that an action had started before
and still continues: another action and still continued at a given
I have been writing novels for years. point in the past:
They had been investigating the murder for
Have you been waiting long?
a few days when they asked me for help.
We have been living in this cottage for over
I hadn't been paying attention to where I
thirty years.
was going so I got lost in the forest.

s When compared with the present perfect s When compared with the past perfect simple,
simple, to emphasise the fact that: to emphasise the fact that:
– the action is not finished. – the action had not finished.
I have been reading this novel for three Had you been reading a horror story
weeks now. before you saw the ghost?
She has been looking for a logical We had been thinking of writing a novel
explanation to what happened for all these together but he lost interest when he got
years but still hasn't found one. a better proposal.
– the action has lasted a long time. – the action had been repeated many times.
They have been working on this project She had been drinking whisky all day
for years! when she supposedly saw the monster.
I've been waiting for months to see this I had been reading his reviews in the
film. paper for years before I met him.
– the action has been repeated many times. – the action had lasted for a long time.
We have been hearing funny noises all I had been living in that house for years
evening. before I saw the ghost for the first time.
I haven't been watching any of my We had been waiting for three hours
favourite shows recently. when he finally showed up.

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Grammar Reference Unit 9

1 REVISION OF SO AND SUCH + THAT

s To describe a reason and its result:

Her story was so sad that it made us all cry.
so + adjective / adverb + that
Our society is changing so quickly that some people
may feel they can’t cope.

such (a / an) + adjective + noun + that It was such a moving story that they turned it into a film.
They have such strong views on equality that they will
never tolerate your behaviour.

s To refer to quantity or intensity as

cause:

so much + that There is still so much to do that we can’t stop working.

so much + uncountable noun + that We have so much support from society that we feel very
strong.
so many + plural noun + that They have so many children that everyone has to help
with the housework.
such + that The strength of that woman was such that she could
support her whole family on her own.

! In these structures, that is often omitted:

Their plans were so convincing (that) it was easy for them to get financing.
The women showed such enthusiasm with the project (that) we felt very optimistic.
There was so much to do (that) we didn’t know where to start.

2 INVERSION AFTER SO AND SUCH

We may decide to start our sentences with so or such to make them more dramatic. In that
case, the part of the sentence containing so or such takes the form of a question:
So important was it to have the support of society that they lied about not having children.
Such was the power of their arguments that they convinced everyone.
So many problems did they encounter that they ended up giving up their fight.
Such diverse habits have we encountered that we can no longer say something is normal.

3 QUESTIONS FOR EFFECT: RHETORICAL QUESTIONS

s We use rhetorical questions when we already know the answer or when no answer is
expected:
Will women ever have the same opportunities as men?
Is this the best we can do?
s A speaker may ask a question, which will be later on answered by themselves, at the
beginning of a text or a speech in order to catch the listeners’ or readers’ attention.
Rhetorical questions are also used as a more dramatic way of expressing an opinion or as a
way to make the listener or reader think:
So, what are the consequences of these social changes?
Is it easier in our society to be a man?
Are we all crazy?
Will this be the end of the world as we know it?

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Grammar Reference Unit 9

4 PLURAL PRONOUNS USED WITH A SINGULAR SUBJECT

We can avoid using he / his / him to refer to both men and women by using he or she, his or
her or him or her. However, it is more common and practical to use they / their / them with a
singular subject for generic reference:
When a person knows that his or her boss appreciates him or her, he or she works better.
If a student loses their ID card, they will need to apply for a new one.
s This generic use of the third person plural is common with indefinite pronouns (i.e.
anybody, anyone, nobody, no one, somebody, someone):
If anyone needs any help, they can contact me for assistance.
Nobody should count on their children to look after them when they are old.
Somebody is using their influence to prevent women from becoming independent.

5 EMPHASISING A POINT
When we want to stress a particular part of a sentence, we can introduce this part at the
beginning of the sentence using the anticipatory it. The rest of the sentence becomes a relative
clause with who, that or when. For more emphasis, we often include a short phrase with not
and some contrastive information:
Women in Africa are starting small businesses now:
It is women (not men) that / who are starting small businesses in Africa now.
It is in Africa (not here in the UK) that women are starting small businesses now.
It is small businesses (not big farms) that women are starting in Africa now.
It is now that / when women are starting small businesses in Africa.

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Writing Reference Unit 2

Writing a report
A report describes and analyses facts that are relevant to a particular problem or issue.
Recommendations for actions based on findings should be included. It is very important to
present the facts and conclusions in a logical order: group ideas into paragraphs, introduce
the main idea of each paragraph in a topic sentence and use logical connectors.

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

In times of crisis, it gets harder to find or even keep a steady job. As a In the introduction,
result, there has been a continual rise in self-employment in the last explain the purpose
few years. The purpose of this report is to analyse self-employment of the report and the
reason for writing it.
as a viable option in today’s job market.

In the last ten years, the number of self-employed workers has risen In the second paragraph,
analyse one aspect of
significantly. In fact, 90% of the jobs created in Britain last year were
the issue (in this case,
classified as self-employment because they belonged to people having the present situation).
their own business or working under contracts for a specific project.

If we analyse the reason for this new trend, first, there seems to be a In each of the following
connection between self-employment and the rate of unemployment. paragraph(s), analyse a
different aspect (reasons
When people can’t find a job, they may consider becoming their
for the new trends and
own boss. This is especially true among people over 50. In addition, their consequences).
companies and governments encourage self-employment because it
helps them make production costs and retirement plans cheaper.

It is true that self-employed people tend to work longer hours

and earn less than salaried employees. However, despite these
difficulties, people who run their own businesses are generally happier
than other types of workers: they feel rewarded and they value their
independence.

In conclusion, now seems to be a good time to become self-employed, In the conclusion,

summarise your
both as a response to unemployment and as a way to delay retirement.
findings and provide
As I see it, the only potential problem is that the new trend can cause your conclusions. Give
even further deterioration in working conditions, such as working recommendations.
hours and salaries.

Writing tips:
‹ Present your report with a short descriptive title.

‹ Organise your ideas before you start writing and arrange them into paragraphs.

‹ Use topic sentences to introduce the main idea of each paragraph.

‹ Use formal language throughout the report.

‹ Use a variety of formal connectors, such as despite, however, although, whereas, on

the contrary, on the other hand, as a result, in addition, furthermore, moreover…

‹ Support your personal opinions with facts.

142 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Writing Reference Unit 4

Writing a for and against essay

A for and against essay discusses and analyses arguments supporting and opposing a
particular issue. In order to write this type of essay, you will need to brainstorm ideas and
divide them into paragraphs. Use logical connectors to introduce the topic, to compare and
contrast ideas and to introduce your conclusion.

SHOULD RELIGION BE TAUGHT IN THE CLASSROOM?

Whether religion should be part of the school curriculum is always In the introduction,
summarise the points
a controversial issue. While many people defend its presence,
that you are going to
many others consider it bad for the development of children as free cover in your essay.
individuals.
In the second paragraph,
For many parents, school is the place where children establish the analyse the reasons
base of their education. They are convinced that, during their school for teaching religion in
years, children create their own views of the world. As a result, during schools.
that time, students should be taught what is right and be given moral
rules that will shape them as persons. In addition, many parents and
educators think religion can help you understand history, art and
many other cultural references.

In contrast, many believe all religions – not just one – should be taught In the following
paragraph, concentrate
in schools for cultural reasons. Moreover, for a large number of on the reasons against
people, education is a process of discovery, and therefore, children including religion in the
should be raised free from any type of prejudice. That is, students curriculum.
should only learn scientifically proven facts and universally accepted
ethical values.

In the last paragraph,

As we have seen, there are a number of reasons why religion should
summarise the different
be taught in schools. Still, in my view, the only way to respect every views on the topic and
single opinion and guarantee a better education and total religious provide your conclusions
freedom is not to deal with beliefs and moral values in the classroom. and your personal
opinion.

Writing tips:
‹ Think of arguments for and against the issue before you start writing.

‹ Group the information into paragraphs.

‹ Use a variety of linking words and phrases to introduce each section and
link sentences: While...others..., As a result, In contrast, Moreover, As we have
seen...

‹ Write a balanced conclusion based on what you think are the strongest
arguments.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 143

Writing Reference Unit 6

Writing a letter of complaint

We often write letters to complain about a faulty product or poor service.These letters are
formal and should include a brief description of the problem and a clear indication of the
action you would like the company to take.

Paseo Marítimo, 16 Use the right format

29016 Málaga and register (formal
Spain letter).

26 March, 2015
N&T Online
PO Box 4092
Bristol, BS3 2DC
England
Dear Sirs,
State the reason for
On 12 March I bought a set of bed sheets on your website (order No.
writing.
6549823). Unfortunately, I am very dissatisfied with my purchase and
I have been instructed by your customer service department to make
a complaint in writing.

I received the package on 16 March and I decided to wash the Briefly, explain what
sheets immediately. As I always do, I carefully read the washing happened.
instructions on the label before putting the bedding set in the
washing machine. Since there was no warning about having to wash
the sheets separately, I included other clothes in the same load. To
my surprise, when the cycle finished, I saw that the colours had run
and everything had turned yellow. Not only was my new bedding set
ruined, but four other pieces of clothing were also damaged.

I believe the fact that the instructions were not sufficiently clear State the action
entitles me to compensation. I have been offered a refund of the you would like the
total cost of the purchase (€74.95), but I am afraid I must demand an company to take.
extra €100 to cover the other damaged items.

I look forward to your reply and a satisfactory solution to my problem. Sign off your letter
in a formal way.
Yours faithfully,

Margarita Romero

Writing tips:
‹ Be clear and concise.

‹ Be formal. Pay attention to the letter format and do not use contractions.
Use the passive voice when possible.

‹ Be polite. Soften your complaints and requests with expressions such as

I am afraid or I would like.

144 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Writing Reference Unit 8

Writing a film or book review

In a film or book review, the writer gives basic information about the work they are analysing,
such as the author, the director or the cast, and a brief description of the plot. Reviews also
include the writer’s opinion on whether the film or book is good and on whether it is worth
seeing or reading.

In the first paragraph,

Saturday, by Ian McEwan, traces the steps of its main character, give relevant
Henry Perowne, a successful middle-aged surgeon, during his information about
day off in London. His seemingly perfect life is affected by the book or film (title,
what is happening around him, because Saturday 15 February author or director,
setting, etc.) and a
2003 was the day of the massive street protest against the summary of the plot.
Iraq War, the largest in British history. As Perowne tries to
drive away from the demonstration, he has a minor accident
with a car driven by an extremely violent man called Baxter.
Although he is threatened by the gangster, Perowne manages
to escape from the incident unharmed. Yet, Baxter will come
back into his life in two shocking ways.

Saturday is a well-constructed story that shows the contrast In the second

paragraph, analyse the
between the seemingly secure life of a rich professional man most relevant positive
and the extremely insecure world surrounding him. The and negative aspects
novel includes other important themes such as the meaning of the book or film.
of success, the power of literature and whether an individual
can contribute to changing the world. One of the best things
about the book is its detailed thrilling descriptions of ordinary
life. Its only negative aspect is the fact that the plot is too well
constructed to be totally believable. In fact, some of the crucial
scenes and the end may even seem a bit unreal although they
do work.

Engaging, thought-provoking, thrilling and very well written, In the conclusion, give
your opinion and a
Saturday is an introspective look into the meaning of recommendation.
happiness in the 21st century. This book is an excellent choice
if you want a good mixture between a captivating thriller and
quality literature.

Writing tips:
‹ Give relevant facts and a good description of the plot, but do not give
away too much information. Don’t spoil the ending!

‹ Use a variety of descriptive adjectives.

‹ Give solid reasons for your opinion about the book or film.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 145

Pronunciation Guide
PHONEMIC CHART
DIPHTHONGS
i: ɪ ʊ u: ɪə eɪ
cheap chip put you here wait
VOWELS

e ə ɜ: ɔ: ʊə ɔɪ əʊ
bed teacher bird door tour boy show
æ ʌ ɑ: ɒ eə aɪ aʊ
cat up far on hair my cow
p t f θ tʃ s ʃ k
CONSONANTS

pea tea fly think cheese say shoe car

b d v ð dʒ z ʒ g
boat dog video this June zoo vision go
m n ŋ h l r w j
man now sing hat love red wet yellow
voiced sounds: vocal cords vibrate
unvoiced sounds: vocal cords don’t vibrate

SOUNDS FREQUENTLY CONFUSED

/g/ get /w/ wet

s It’s pronounced with your soft palate touching s It’s pronounced by forming a circle with your
the back of your tongue. lips (your soft palate doesn’t touch your throat).
s The air is stopped and then released suddenly. s The air flows uninterrupted.
s It’s similar to the /k/ sound. s It’s similar to the /u:/ sound.
s The sound can’t be maintained. s The sound can be maintained.

/b/ boat /v/ vote

s It’s pronounced by pressing your lips together. s It’s pronounced by creating friction between
your lower lip and the bottom of your front
s The air is stopped and then released suddenly.
teeth.
s It’s similar to the /p/ sound.
s The air flows uninterrupted.
s The sound can’t be maintained.
s It’s similar to the /f/ sound.
s The sound can be maintained.

146 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Pronunciation Guide
FREQUENT SPELLINGS FOR THE STRONG FORMS & WEAK FORMS:
SOUNDS /eɪ/ /əʊ/ AND /ɔː/ PRONUNCIATION OF PAST MODALS
s Many functional words (like articles, pronouns,
auxiliary verbs and some prepositions) have a
/eɪ/ face,faith, always, eight, obey
strong form (e.g. the /ði:/, at /æt/, them /ðem/,
have /hæv/) and a weak form (e.g. the /ðə/, at
/əʊ/ note, go, coat, low /ət/, them /ðəm/, have /həv/ or /əv/).
s Weak forms are used in normal speech. Strong
/ɔː/ more, or, almost, draw, caught, forms are only used when it is important to
bought stress them (e.g. to mark a difference: I said,
‘Meet me at /æt/ the party, not after the party!’).
s In the case of past modals, the auxiliary verb
WORD STRESS have only has grammatical meaning, so it is
s The stressed syllable in a word sounds louder, normally reduced or contracted to /əv/.
longer, clearer, and has a higher pitch than the
rest: gen-der, equal-i-ty.
can’t have mustn’t have could have
s Word stress is marked in dictionaries by placing /ˈkɑːntəv/ /ˈmʌsəntəv/ /ˈkʊdəv/
this symbol /ˈ/ in front of the stressed syllable: /
ˈdʒendə/, /ɪˈkwɒlɪtɪ/. must have might have couldn’t have
s Although rules about word stress are very /ˈmʌstəv/ /ˈmaɪtəv/ /ˈkʊdəntəv/
complex, there are some patterns which can
be useful. For example, words with the same
prefixes or suffixes will generally follow the
same stress pattern. STRESSING FOR EMPHASIS
s In normal speech, the words that carry more
1 Suffixes that don’t change the stress of the meaning (nouns, main verbs, negative forms,
root word adjectives and adverbs) are stressed. Personal
pronouns, prepositions and positive auxiliary
-able, -ly, -ful verbs are normally not stressed.
comfort comfortable I wouldn’t like to live in a house like that!
respect respectable However, words can be given special emphasis
question questionable by stressing them (i.e. making a change in pitch
and intonation).
repeated repeatedly Well, maybe you would, but I wouldn’t like to
regular regularly live in a house like that!
dangerous dangerously s When modifiers like far, much, nearly, hardly,
slightly are used for emphasis, they are usually
beauty beautiful stressed.
success successful That’s far too much money for a small
apartment!
wonder wonderful
It’s slightly more expensive, but not much.

2 Suffixes that alter the stress of the root word

-al, -ion, -ic

universe universal
matriarch matriarchal
patriarch patriarchal

object objection
institute institution
renovate renovation

geography geographic
democracy democratic
economy economic

THAT’S ENGLISH! 147

Pronunciation Guide
INTONATION PRONUNCIATION OF QUESTION TAGS
It is very difficult to define intonation theoretically.
The best approach to learn intonation is to listen Question tags
to as much natural authentic speech as possible.
Here are some general guidelines for the s The question tag is a real question.
intonation of the functions described in this
module. You found your glasses, didn’t you?

Intonation
They don’t drink wine, do they?
s Expressing reassurance
s The question tag is aimed at confirming
Don’t worry! You’ll be fine! information.

Well, that wasn’t surprising, was it?

s Using extreme adjectives

Cold! I’m absolutely freezing! You liked the film last night, didn’t you?

Tired! They’re totally exhausted!

s Expressing annoyance

My boyfriend is always buying me presents!

s Expressing surprise and approval

My boyfriend is always buying me presents!

s Encouraging

Keep going! Don’t give up!

s Congratulating

That was fantastic! Well done!

s Expressing sympathy

Sorry! Better luck next time!

148 THAT’S ENGLISH!

List of Irregular Verbs
Infinitive Past simple Past participle Infinitive Past simple Past participle
be was were been fly /flaɪ/ flew /fluː/ flown /fləʊn/
/biː/ /wɒz/ /wɜː(r)/ /bɪn/ /biːn/
forbid forbade forbidden
become /bɪˈkʌm/ became /bɪˈkeɪm/ become /bɪˈkʌm/ /fə(r)ˈbɪd/ /fə(r)ˈbæd/ /fə(r)ˈbɪd(ə)n/

begin /bɪˈɡɪn/ began /bɪˈɡæn/ begun /bɪˈɡʌn/ forget forgot forgotten

/fə(r)ˈɡet/ /fə(r)ˈɡɒt/ /fə(r)ˈɡɒt(ə)n/
bend /bend/ bent /bent/ bent /bent/
forgive forgave forgiven
bet /bet/ bet /bet/ bet /bet/ /fə(r)ˈɡɪv/ /fə(r)ˈɡeɪv/ /fə(r)ˈɡɪv(ə)n/

bite /baɪt/ bit /bɪt/ bitten /ˈbɪt(ə)n/ freeze /friːz/ froze /frəʊz/ frozen /ˈfrəʊz(ə)n/

break /breɪk/ broke /brəʊk/ broken /ˈbrəʊk(ə)n/ get /ɡet/ got /ɡɒt/ got /ɡɒt/

bring /brɪŋ/ brought /brɔːt/ brought /brɔːt/ give /ɡɪv/ gave /ɡeɪv/ given /ˈɡɪv(ə)n/

build /bɪld/ built /bɪlt/ built /bɪlt/ go /ɡəʊ/ went /went/ gone /ɡɒn/

burn burned burnt burned burnt grow /ɡrəʊ/ grew /ɡruː/ grown /ɡrəʊn/
/bɜː(r)n/ /bɜː(r)nd/ /bɜː(r)nt/ /bɜː(r)nd/ /bɜː(r)nt/
hang /hæŋ/ hung /hʌŋ/ hung /hʌŋ/
buy /baɪ/ bought /bɔːt/ bought /bɔːt/
have /hæv/ had /hæd/ had /hæd/
catch /kætʃ/ caught /kɔːt/ caught /kɔːt/
hear /hɪə(r)/ heard /hɜː(r)d/ heard /hɜː(r)d/
choose /tʃuːz/ chose /tʃəʊz/ chosen /ˈtʃəʊz(ə)n/
hide /haɪd/ hid /hɪd/ hidden /ˈhɪd(ə)n/
come /kʌm/ came /keɪm/ come /kʌm/
hit /hɪt/ hit /hɪt/ hit /hɪt/
cost /kɒst/ cost /kɒst/ cost /kɒst/
hold /həʊld/ held /held/ held /held/
cut /kʌt/ cut /kʌt/ cut /kʌt/
hurt /hɜː(r)t/ hurt /hɜː(r)t/ hurt /hɜː(r)t/
deal /diːl/ dealt /delt/ dealt /delt/
keep /kiːp/ kept /kept/ kept /kept/
dig /dɪɡ/ dug /dʌɡ/ dug /dʌɡ/
know /nəʊ/ knew /njuː/ known /nəʊn/
do /duː/ did /dɪd/ done /dʌn/
lay /leɪ/ laid /leɪd/ laid /leɪd/
draw /drɔː/ drew /druː/ drawn /drɔːn/
lead /liːd/ led /led/ led /led/
dream dreamed dreamt dreamed dreamt
/driːm/ /driːmd/ /dremt/ /driːmd/ /dremt/ learn learned learnt learned learnt
/lɜː(r)n/ /lɜː(r)nd/ /lɜː(r)nt/ /lɜː(r)nd/ /lɜː(r)nt/
drink /drɪŋk/ drank /dræŋk/ drunk /drʌŋk/
leave /liːv/ left /left/ left /left/
drive /draɪv/ drove /drəʊv/ driven /ˈdrɪv(ə)n/
lend /lend/ lent /lent/ lent /lent/
eat /iːt/ ate /eɪt/ eaten /ˈiːt(ə)n/
let /let/ let /let/ let /let/
fall /fɔːl/ fell /fel/ fallen /ˈfɔːlən/
lie /laɪ/ lay /leɪ/ lain /leɪn/
feed /fiːd/ fed /fed/ fed /fed/
light lit lighted lit lighted
feel /fiːl/ felt /felt/ felt /felt/ /laɪt/ /lɪt/ /laɪted/ /lɪt/ /laɪted/

fight /faɪt/ fought /fɔːt/ fought /fɔːt/ lose /luːz/ lost /lɒst/ lost /lɒst/

find /faɪnd/ found /faʊnd/ found /faʊnd/ make /meɪk/ made /meɪd/ made /meɪd/

THAT’S ENGLISH! 149

List
List of
of Irregular
IrregularVerbs
Verbs
Infinitive Past simple Past participle Infinitive Past simple Past participle
mean /miːn/ meant /ment/ meant /ment/ sleep /sliːp/ slept /slept/ slept /slept/

meet /miːt/ met /met/ met /met/ smell smelled smelt smelled smelt
/smel/ /smeld/ /smelt/ /smeld/ /smelt/
outrun /ˌaʊtˈrʌn/ outran /aʊtˈræn/ outrun /ˌaʊtˈrʌn/
speak /spiːk/ spoke /spəʊk/ spoken /spəʊkən/
oversee oversaw overseen
/ˌəʊvə(r)ˈsiː/ /ˌəʊvə(r)ˈsɔː/ /ˌəʊvə(r)ˈsiːn/ spend /spend/ spent /spent/ spent /spent/

pay /peɪ/ paid /peɪd/ paid /peɪd/ spill spilled spilt spilled spilt
/spɪl/ /spɪld/ /spɪlt/ /spɪld/ /spɪlt/
prove proved proved proven
/pruːv/ /pruːvd/ /pruːvd/ /ˈpruːv(ə)n/ spit /spɪt/ spat /spæt/ spat /spæt/

put /pʊt/ put /pʊt/ put /pʊt/ spoil spoiled spoilt spoiled spoilt
/spɔɪl/ /spɔɪld/ /spɔɪlt/ /spɔɪld/ /spɔɪlt/
quit /kwɪt/ quit /kwɪt/ quit /kwɪt/
spread /spred/ spread /spred/ spread /spred/
read /riːd/ read /red/ read /red/
stand /stænd/ stood /stʊd/ stood /stʊd/
ride /raɪd/ rode /rəʊd/ ridden /ˈrɪd(ə)n/
steal /stiːl/ stole /stəʊl/ stolen /ˈstəʊl(ə)n/
ring /rɪŋ/ rang /ræŋ/ rung /rʌŋ/
stick /stɪk/ stuck /stʌk/ stuck /stʌk/
rise /raɪz/ rose /rəʊz/ risen /ˈrɪz(ə)n/
strike struck struck stricken
run /rʌn/ ran /ræn/ run /rʌn/
/straɪk/ /strʌk/ /strʌk/ /ˈstrɪkən/
say /seɪ/ said /sed/ said /sed/
swear /sweə(r)/ swore /swɔː(r)/ sworn /swɔː(r)n/
see /siː/ saw /sɔː/ seen /siːn/
swim /swɪm/ swam /swæm/ swum /swʌm/
sell /sel/ sold /səʊld/ sold /səʊld/
swing /swɪŋ/ swung /swʌŋ/ swung /swʌŋ/
send /send/ sent /sent/ sent /sent/
tear /teə(r)/ tore /tɔː(r)/ torn /tɔː(r)n/
set /set/ set /set/ set /set/
take /teɪk/ took /tʊk/ taken /ˈteɪkən/
sew sewed sewed sewn
/səʊ/ /səʊd/ /səʊd/ /səʊn/ teach /tiːtʃ/ taught /tɔːt/ taught /tɔːt/

shake /ʃeɪk/ shook /ʃʊk/ shaken /ˈʃeɪkən/ tell /tel/ told /təʊld/ told /təʊld/

shine shined shone shined shone think /θɪŋk/ thought /θɔːt/ thought /θɔːt/
/ʃaɪn/ /ʃaɪnd/ /ʃɒn/ /ʃaɪnd/ /ʃɒn/
throw /θrəʊ/ threw /θruː/ thrown /θrəʊn/
shoot /ʃuːt/ shot /ʃɒt/ shot /ʃɒt/
understand understood understood
show showed shown showed /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstænd/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstʊd/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈstʊd/
/ʃəʊ/ /ʃəʊd/ /ʃəʊn/ /ʃəʊd/
undertake undertook undertaken
shrink /ʃrɪŋk/ shrank /ʃrænk/ shrunk /ʃrʌŋk/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈteɪk/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈ/tʊk/ /ˌʌndə(r)ˈ teɪkən/

shut /ʃʌt/ shut /ʃʌt/ shut /ʃʌt/ wake /weɪk/ woke /wəʊk/ woken /ˈwəʊkən/

sing /sɪŋ/ sang /sæŋ/ sung /sʌŋ/ wear /weə(r)/ wore /wɔː(r)/ worn /wɔː(r)n/

sink /sɪŋk/ sank /sæŋk/ sunk /sʌŋk/ win /wɪn/ won /wʌn/ won /wʌn/

sit /sɪt/ sat /sæt/ sat /sæt/ write /raɪt/ wrote /rəʊt/ written /ˈrɪt(ə)n/

150 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 Audio Scripts

Audio Scripts he found it very hurtful when she suddenly turned into this
angry stranger. The other thing was that she didn’t use to
neglect her schoolwork; on the contrary, she’d always been
UNIT 1. TURNING POINTS extremely hard-working. But suddenly, she just wasn’t
interested anymore.
READING (page 13)
Activity 6a SKILLS WORK (page 17)
Activity 1a
2
Veronica 6
Interviewer: And in the studio with me today is marketing
Most people can’t understand why I put up with his
expert, Emily Paul. Welcome, Emily.
behaviour for so long. He wasn’t physically violent, but
he constantly criticised everything I did telling me I was Emily Paul: Thank you, it’s a pleasure to be here.
stupid, clumsy, selfish, until I started to believe it must be Interviewer: So Emily, first of all, can you explain what
true. Gradually, I lost my self-confidence. Of course I tried exactly a tipping point is?
to break up with him many, many times, but he wouldn’t let Emily Paul: Of course. ‘Tipping point’ is just another
me go. He used to cry and beg me to forgive him, swearing expression for ‘turning point’. It’s the ‘magic
he would change, and I believed him every time. The turning moment’ when an idea, trend or social behaviour
point came when one day I found an old photo of me, and stops being small and goes global.
I didn’t even recognise myself. What had happened to the Activity 1b
smiling happy confident young woman in the picture?
Shortly afterwards, I got on a plane to Sydney with no 7
intention of ever coming back because the worst thing is Interviewer: OK. So, could you summarise the main ideas
that, as long as he knows where I am and can contact me, I in Gladwell’s book for us?
might not have the strength to stay away from him. I can’t Emily Paul: Well, Gladwell says there are three key factors
risk seeing him ever again. that need to happen for something to become
Timo globally popular.
From around the age of about 14, I used to hang out with Interviewer: And these factors are…?
two or three friends who were very serious about computer Emily Paul: Gladwell calls them the Law of the Few, the
games. We became part of a gaming community and we Stickiness Factor and the Power of Context.
used to spend all our free time online - online playing games. Interviewer: Uhuh… So, can you give us a bit more detail?
My parents weren’t worried at first; they believed it was Emily Paul: Well, the Law of the Few is the idea that for
just a temporary obsession and I would grow out of it. But something to become really popular, a few
then, I began regularly staying up all night playing and they very influential people have to promote it.
realised that it was developing into a more serious problem For example, Hush Puppies. Remember
and tried to limit my time online. This would make me really those comfortable old-fashioned shoes your
angry with them and our relationship deteriorated. Finally, grandparents used to wear? Well, in the mid
I ran away from home and ended up living on the streets 1990’s, trendy influential New York media
for almost a week. This horrible experience was a turning people started wearing them. Thanks to this,
point for me. I realised that my addiction to playing games sales of Hush Puppies increased by over 5000%.
had taken over my life and agreed to get help. Last month, Interviewer: Wow!
I finished the addiction programme and finally got rid of Emily Paul: Yes, and the Stickiness Factor refers to
the last of my gaming software. The excitement of playing what makes an idea or a product ‘stick’ in
games is something I can’t control, and I don’t want it to people’s minds, what makes you remember
take over my life again. it. Basically, it has to be different or unique
LANGUAGE STUDY (page 15) and the complete opposite of popular trends.
Gladwell’s example is the children’s TV
Activity 6b
programme Sesame Street which was ‘sticky’
4 because it assumed that children were very
1 would 3 get 5 guide 7 girl intelligent and creative.
2 with 4 wait 6 got 8 wave Interviewer: Hah, so it didn’t simplify things just because it
Activity 7a was for children.
Emily Paul: Exactly!
5 Interviewer: OK, and the Power of Context?
For a while Rachel was completely impossible. She would
Emily Paul: This refers to being in the right place at the right
spend hours in her bedroom. If she ever had to spend any
time. Gladwell’s example is the Mayor of New
time with the family, she would speak to us so rudely that
York City’s campaign against violent crime in
we used to feel quite relieved when she left the room! She
the 1990s. All the graffiti was painted over and
would often make Laura cry, but she always used to be such
the derelict buildings were repaired. Gladwell
a nice kind big sister before. If Calvin or I asked her to do
argues that as a result, New York felt less
anything in the house, she would act as if we were complete
dangerous.This created a positive social context
idiots. We would tell each other to be patient and that it was
that helped other factors, for example the
perfectly normal behaviour, just normal adolescence, but it
decrease in the use of crack cocaine, to gradually
was very difficult, especially for Calvin. Rachel had always
tip into a reduction in the city’s crime rate.
been a daddy’s girl and used to be very affectionate with her
father; she used to love giving him big hugs, so of course Interviewer: Thank you very much, Emily Paul.

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Audio Scripts
SPEAKING (pages 18-19) try?’ So I set up ‘Cara’s sewing club’ from nothing. My only
Activities 5a and 5b asset was my sewing machine, which I’d already had for
years, and of course my sewing expertise. I’d noticed that
10 fewer and fewer people knew how to sew, so I thought I
Courtney: Oh Ritchie, I owe so much money! I don’t know could offer services such as clothes alterations and perhaps
what to do! I haven’t even opened the letters lessons. I took out a small bank loan to pay the rent on my
from the bank! Help me out here, please! shop for the first six months because I didn’t expect to make
Ritchie: Well, whatever you do, don’t hide from the problem, a profit immediately, but I did! My expertise was unique at
Courtney! Come on, it’s probably not as bad as you the time – nobody else could offer what I did – and there was
think, but you need to take some action. a huge demand for my services. Now I have much more work
Courtney: I know, but what should I do? Can you give me than I can do by myself and I’m thinking of employing an
any pointers? assistant, perhaps just part-time, and I’ll see how it goes.
Ritchie: Well, the sooner you contact your bank, the Felix
better. If you don’t, your problems will only get When we set up our computer consultancy business about
worse; but if the bank sees that you are taking five years ago, there were a lot of local companies who liked
responsibility, you’ll be fine. the flexibility of our services. They wanted help with their
Courtney: Do you really think so? computer systems quickly when necessary but didn’t want
Ritchie: Absolutely! Cheer up! I’ll stay here with you while to employ a full-time IT person. Our other strength was
you call them if you want. I’m sure everything our communication skills: I’d seen enough communication
will turn out all right. problems between technical and non-technical employees
Courtney: Thanks, Ritchie. But how am I going to find the when I was working for other companies and so I knew this
money? was important. Anyway, we did really well at the beginning.
Ritchie: Well, have you thought of selling some of your We started running at a profit within a year. And because
designer clothes? we ploughed the profits back into the company by investing
in some great marketing, we started doing even better.
Courtney: Good idea. I could probably get a lot of money for
We expanded and employed more people. But then the
them. There are lots of great websites for buying
recession came. We didn’t lose customers completely, but
and selling designer clothes and I think that…
we worked fewer hours, our revenue went down and we
Ritchie: And Courtney… had to get rid of most of our new employees. But then,
Courtney: Yes? disaster! Our biggest customer went into liquidation. We
Ritchie: You’d better get rid of your credit cards, hadn’t you? lost almost a third of our business in one day, and they still
Courtney: Yes, I suppose you’re right. owe us a lot of money.
Ritchie: Don’t worry, I know I am! LANGUAGE STUDY (page 24)
Activity 4a
UNIT 2. IN THE MARKET
15
READING (pages 22-23) Speaker 1
Activity 1b Finland is a small country – only 5.2 million people live there
12 – with an advanced industrial economy. The most important
The first thing I say to people who want to set up their own export is the mobile phone and Finland is one of the few
business is: ‘who are your customers?’ Where are they? European countries whose exports exceed imports in
Because the most essential question to ask yourself when communications technology. Business meetings in Finland
you are thinking of starting a business is: ‘Is this something usually begin and end on time and it’s important to be
that people really need?’ Having an original idea isn’t the punctual. Equality is important in Finnish culture, so Finns
most important thing. Just because something is original, treat each other as equals at work. However, communication
doesn’t mean that lots of people are going to want it or need styles are fairly formal because Finns don’t really like
it. The second most important thing to do is to research the showing emotions. They also tend to distrust people who
competition. That’s absolutely essential! It doesn’t matter if talk too much, so you should learn to be comfortable with
other people are already doing what you want to do; you silence in both business and social situations. Their working
just have to do it better than your competitors. In fact, you style is individualistic and people usually work alone
should learn from your competitors’ mistakes. Some people although teamwork is becoming more common.
believe that you need lots of capital to start a business, but Speaker 2
that isn’t always true. You can start an online business from Saudi Arabia’s economy relies heavily on the oil industry
home with very little money. And don’t borrow too much since most of the country is desert, so there is no agricultural
from the bank to start up because you’ll want to pay back activity. Most of its population of 26 million live in the
the money you owe as soon as possible, and you’ll become cities and coastal areas. It is a highly conservative, deeply
obsessed with short-term profit. And focusing on the short religious patriarchal society and women take little part in
term is not a good idea. You should always try to think long public or business life. When doing business in Saudi Arabia
term and to see the big picture. it is important to dress smartly, even in hot weather, and
Activities 6a and 6b to respect social and religious traditions. Be more relaxed
about time than in a western business context and take
14 time to get to know your prospective partners. Hospitality is
Cara extremely important and Saudis are generally sociable and
Starting my own company had always been just a daydream, friendly people who are likely to entertain you magnificently
but when I lost my job three years ago, I thought, ‘Why not even though they may decide not to do business with you.

152 THAT’S ENGLISH!

SKILLS WORK (page 27) Alice: Well, first of all Josh’s surprise party is no longer a
Activities 2a and 2b surprise. I’m absolutely furious with Katie because she
said to Josh, ’See you at the party’ and he said, ‘What
19 party?’
Ira: So, Reno, why are the Rolling Stones so successful as Mum: Oh dear, and what did she say then?
a business? Alice: She said, ‘Your 20th on Friday!’ She gave the secret
Reno: Well, many people think that the Rolling Stones are away and I wanted it to be a surprise.
the most successful rock ’n’ roll band ever, and one of Mum: Well, Katie never was good at keeping secrets.
the reasons that might be true is actually that they are
Alice: Well, I’m never telling her a secret again, she’s such a
the best touring band ever.
gossip.
Ira: Why’s that?
Mum: But sweetheart, the party was an open secret really, I
Reno: Because a Rolling Stones concert isn’t just a concert, mean all your friends knew about it.
it’s a spectacular theatrical event. In 1989, the Stones’
Alice: Yes, but Josh didn’t! And it was really difficult
tour manager started booking really big stadiums
preparing everything in secret. I always had to leave
for the band’s concerts and when Mick Jagger saw
the room when people phoned me about it so Josh
these enormous places he said, ‘We have to fill this
wouldn’t hear.
space!’ So, since then, the Stones have made their
live performances absolutely spectacular. And it’s not Mum: Oh well, never mind. I’m sure you’ll have a good time
just the music, there’s amazing lighting, scenery and anyway.
incredible special effects. But of course, this is very Alice: No, that’s just it. We won’t because the guy who
expensive. So for the first part of a tour, the band is promised me the disco has disappeared. He won’t
actually losing money. Apparently, Jagger writes on his answer his phone and I paid him £100 in advance.
calendar the day when the tour will start to break even. I was completely taken in by him. I can´t believe I
Ira: I see. So is that why the tickets for a Stones’ concert trusted him. How could I be so stupid?
are so expensive? Mum: Oh dear…
Reno: Well, I’m sure that’s what the band would say. The Alice: And he´s run off with all the money!
second reason why the Stones are successful as Mum: That’s absolutely awful to let you down like that
a business is that they are very well organised. For you must be so disappointed. Look, I’ll give you the
example, the four permanent band members – Mick money for another disco.
Jagger, Keith Richards, Charlie Watts and Ronnie Alice: Oh thanks, Mum. You’re the best.
Wood – are all partners in the main company; but Mum: And between you and me, I never really liked Katie.
there is also a group of smaller subsidiary companies. She’s rather selfish. In fact, I always hoped you’d stop
Each subsidiary company is responsible for one of the being friends with her.
band’s activities – record sales, tours and concerts, Alice: Really? I didn’t know that.
merchandising – you know, like hats, T-shirts, pens, Mum: Yes, that’s my best-kept secret ever!
posters. These subsidiary companies are in different
countries so that the band can pay the lowest amount LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 34-35)
of tax. Activities 3a and 3b
Ira: Very clever.
22
Reno: Yes, it is. And the final two reasons why the Stones are
so rich are firstly because they earn a lot from performing Speaker 1
rights. Every time somebody plays a Stones’ song on Yeah, well, it was all right. I mean it was fairly good but a
the radio, in a bar, at a sports event, the band is paid. bit predictable. Nothing special but OK. I wouldn’t bother
And since Jagger and Richards have written over 200 going to see it at the cinema; I’d wait till it comes out on
songs over the last 50 years, that’s quite a lot of money. DVD.
Ira: Really? Wow! And what’s the second reason? Speaker 2
Reno: Well, many bands are protective of their music, but the Actually, I thought it was rather impressive, and it kept my
Stones will usually let people use their music in films attention all the way through. The acting was pretty realistic
or for ads, but I understand that they charge hundreds and the photography was lovely. So yes, it’s well worth
of thousands of dollars or more! Apparently, Microsoft seeing.
paid them $4 million in 2004 to use their song Start me Speaker 3
up in an advertising campaign. It was, like, not very interesting at all, not for me. There
Ira: Wow! wasn’t much action. Just a lot of people sitting around
talking. Really, really boring. My grandma would like it.
UNIT 3. SECRETS Speaker 4
READING (page 32) I loved every minute of it – it was extremely well-acted. The
dialogue was excellent and the story had an interesting
Activities 2a and 2b
twist at the end. I highly recommend it. In fact, I can’t wait
20 to see it again.
Mum: Hi darling. Oh dear, you look pretty miserable. Speaker 5
Alice: Oh Mum, everything’s gone wrong! I’ve had a terrible To be honest, I wasn’t bothered about seeing it but my wife
day. wanted to go and actually, it was quite intriguing. I enjoyed
Mum: Come on, now, tell me all about it. I’m sure we can it much more than I expected. I mean, it won’t win any
work something out. Oscars but definitely better than average.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 153

Audio Scripts
Activities 5a and 5b SKILLS WORK (page 37)
24 Activities 4a and 4b
Conversation 1 28
Dad: Get in the car. You look very cold. Matt: Hi, I’m Matt Johnson and this is Judy Garvey and
Lara: Cheers, Dad. Cold! I’m absolutely freezing. welcome to this edition of Britain now. This evening
Dad: How did the exams go? we focus on interesting and unusual career choices.
First up is something very intriguing. Would you like
Lara: Not bad, but I’ve got two more tomorrow.
to be a secret agent? Then visit MI5’s website!
Dad: Well, you need to get a good night’s sleep. You must be
Judy: You can’t be serious, Matt, surely? The British secret
tired.
service doesn’t advertise for spies on a website –
Lara: Yes, I know. I’m totally exhausted. that’s absolutely ridiculous!
Dad: I think it’s rather silly having more than one exam in a Matt: No, Judy. You’re wrong, MI5 is a modern organisation
day. and a few years ago they decided to be more open
Lara: Yeah, it’s absolutely ridiculous. How can I study and about finding staff. So now you can just log on to
get enough sleep when they are so close together? the website and find out all about the modern secret
Conversation 2 service, but of course, there are no photos of the
Rich: Hi, Sarah. I’m home. people who work there!
Sarah: Hi, darling. How was your day? Judy: So what kind of person are they looking for: James
Rich: Well, it was bad. In fact, it was absolutely awful. Bond types?
Sarah: Oh no! What on earth went wrong? Matt: No, contrary to what the films show, the life of a
modern spy is not fast cars and glamour. Someone
Rich: You know Pete in my department, well, he asked me
like James Bond would be too obvious. In fact, some
to do a report on the Australian market. So, I did the of the most successful secret agents are older people
report in time for the big meeting today. or young mothers with babies, just ordinary people
Sarah: So what was the problem? who fit in on a normal street.
Rich: The problem was I didn’t read the email properly. Judy: So what other qualities do you need apart from
I did the report on the Austrian market! Pete was looking ordinary?
pretty angry. Matt: You need to be intelligent, good at solving problems
Sarah: Knowing Pete, I expect he was absolutely furious! and making decisions quickly, and of course, secretive
Rich: You’re right. So now he says I’ll have to work over the or discreet. You can’t tell your friends and family what
weekend to do it again so we won’t be able to go to your job is.
Paris for our anniversary. I know you’ll be quite upset. Judy: Hmmm, I wouldn’t be any good at that! Are there
Sarah: Upset! I’m completely devastated. different jobs available in MI5?
Conversation 3 Matt: Yes, there’s a huge variety of careers from car
Jack: Wow! This room is pretty big! mechanics, psychologists, language translators and
Kim: It’s absolutely huge! You could fit four beds in here IT. In fact, computer specialists make up most of the
current jobs on offer.
easily.
Judy: Well, that sounds very useful but not very glamorous.
Jack: Look over here Kim – we’ve got a beautiful view of the
So why are people attracted to work for MI5 nowadays?
sea.
Matt: Well, obviously the employees get a great sense of
Kim: Yes, it’s absolutely gorgeous!
fulfilment because they are protecting their country
Jack: Well, I think this hotel’s really rather good. from danger. But apparently, it’s the great sense of
Kim: Oh, Jack, it’s totally amazing! Thank you! team spirit that really attracts people to the job.
Jack: Happy honeymoon, Kim. Judy: Of course, there’s been a big threat from terrorism in
Activities 9b and 9c recent years.
Matt: Yes, but there’s also massive danger from cyber
26
terrorism – attacking a country’s defence by hacking
Man: I’ve just seen Denise rush out of the building. She the government’s computers. In fact, that’s considered
was crying. What on earth’s happened? a bigger danger than traditional terrorism. So, if you
Woman: Well, she seemed to be feeling a bit down this are good at IT, your country needs you!
morning when she arrived. Then she got a phone
call from her husband and that made it worse. I SPEAKING (pages 38-39)
asked her if she was OK, but she had a lump in her Activity 1
throat and she didn’t reply.
29
Man: Then what happened? I think the time I felt let down the most was when I was a
Woman: I tried again a few minutes later and tears welled bridesmaid at my best friend Olivia’s wedding. We had been
up in her eyes as she told me her husband had lost best friends for years. We met at university and shared a flat,
his job this morning. Then she burst into tears and actually we shared everything. Or so I thought. Anyway, she
ran out of the room. was getting married to Brad – he was from Australia – and
Man: That’s really bad news. Hasn’t she just bought a they were having a big wedding. I was the chief bridesmaid
new house? and we’d spent weeks preparing. On the big day, we arrived
Woman: Yes, that’s right. Anyway, I found her in the at the church and all the guests looked pretty happy. Then
bathroom crying her eyes out. So the boss told her Olivia’s sister stood up and said she wanted to make an
to go home and rest. announcement. She said Olivia and Brad were very sorry
Man: Right. Poor Denise! but in fact, they were already married! And there wouldn’t

154 THAT’S ENGLISH!

be an actual wedding, but there would still be an after- though I don’t often go to church. You see, to me, faith
wedding party. is a private matter.
I felt totally devastated. Everyone else was somewhat Jane: I hardly ever go to church – mainly just for weddings
shocked too. It was sort of unreal – like watching a film. There and funerals. But I do pray sometimes – not often
was complete silence. Then everyone started asking, ‘Did though – I suppose I’m an agnostic really. I’m just not
you know?’ But no one did, except for Tom, the best man. He convinced that there is a god – any god.
looked kind of embarrassed and avoided eye contact. Paul: I do pray every day. It really helps me.
Anyway, the party went ahead, but it was obvious that Jane: Yes, I’m sure it does. Lots of people do it, but what
everyone was extremely annoyed. I sort of understood when I have real problems with believing in is the idea of
Olivia finally explained. Brad’s visa had to be renewed the Heaven or hell. You know, good people go to paradise
year before the wedding and the easiest way to do it was and bad people burn in eternal fires.
to get married. But why not tell everyone at the time? That Paul: Hmmm, well, I firmly believe there’s something after
would’ve been far better! death. When my mum died, I just knew we’d meet
After that, I began to feel differently, things just weren’t again. I feel that she’s been with me often since she
the same. I felt Olivia had let me and all her friends down. died. I’m sure miracles are possible.
What kind of friendship was it if she couldn’t trust me with Jane: Well, maybe you’re right. But I’m a scientist and so
the truth? I felt kind of disgusted. She had taken us all in: we I need evidence. I just can’t understand blind faith; I
had spent time and effort on a wedding that wasn’t real. As a need proof to believe in something. I need to see it or
result, Olivia and I are no longer close. I realised she wasn’t touch it.
the person I thought she was. That makes me feel somewhat Paul: That’s the thing. It isn’t blind faith for me. I’ve seen
down at times. that my god has made a difference to my life and that
Activity 4b is clear enough evidence for me.
Jane: Yeah, well…
31
I think the time I felt most let down was when my best friend LANGUAGE STUDY (page 45)
lied to me about her marriage. We’d been best friends for years. Activity 8b
I thought we shared everything. But I was totally stunned
when an announcement was made that there wouldn’t be 38
a wedding. I began to feel differently, things just weren’t the 1 I really have put on a lot of weight: I can’t get my dress on.
same after that. Nowadays, we are no longer close. 2 Queen Elizabeth II’s reign has lasted a very long time.
3 A bull is male, a cow is female.
SELF TEST (page 116)
4 Who ate the last apple?
Activity 5 5 When is the summer sale? I need some new shoes.
32 6 What a waste of time!
Teacher: Hi, Dan. How did you get on with your university 7 I used to pray every night when I was a child.
visit yesterday? Oldcastle, wasn’t it? 8 Could you grate some cheese for me, please?
Dan: Yeah, it went rather well thanks. The web design
course is pretty cool, lots of practical work and really SKILLS WORK (page 47)
interesting topics. I think it would be great for me. Activities 3a and 3b
Teacher: What about the university campus? 40
Dan: It’s totally amazing, huge and lots of modern The Hajj is a different experience for everyone, but for me it
buildings and trees. Extremely impressive. was a very special time and one I will never forget.
Teacher: Yes, I’d heard it was excellent. Did you see the It took me a long time to save up enough money for the Hajj,
accommodation? so when I finally got to Mecca and saw the Kaaba, I simply
Dan: Yes, I visited a hall of residence, and it was quite cried with happiness.
good. The rooms were sort of small but modern, The first thing we did when we arrived on the first day was
and they all have a private bathroom. But I was to walk seven times around the Kaaba. But it wasn’t easy.
disappointed in the sports facilities. There are thousands of people, so you have to stay very
Teacher: Yes, I know you are very keen on swimming. calm and move very slowly.
Dan: Well, the pool was fairly OK, somewhat old, but big The next thing pilgrims do is to run seven times between
enough. two nearby hills. This sounds difficult but now there’s an
Teacher: And the gym? air-conditioned tunnel for pilgrims to go through. Tradition
Dan: The gym was absolutely awful – very small and says this is the route that Ibrahim’s wife took when she was
sort of dark. I won’t be using it if I go there! looking for water in the desert and that she found some
water at the spring of Zamzam. So pilgrims do the same
UNIT 4. FAITH and drink some Zamzam water or wash in it.
At the end of the first day, we travelled to Mina and camped
READING (page 42) there to get ready for the next day.
Activities 2a and 2b On the second day, we travelled to the Mount of Mercy.
Pilgrims pray in the hot sun between midday and sunset.
33 That was the most difficult part of the whole pilgrimage for
Jane: Let’s compare our score for the faith test, shall we? me because it was so hot! In the evening, we travelled to
Paul: Yeah, OK. What did you get? another town to spend the night, and we collected some
Jane: I’ve got a low faith score. What about you? small stones in preparation for the next day.
Paul: Interesting, we seem to have very different opinions, On the third day, we travelled back to Mina and threw our
don’t we? I’m just the opposite. My faith, the god I stones at three pillars which symbolise devils: you throw
believe in, is a very important part of my life, even the stones at the pillars to show you are strong enough to

THAT’S ENGLISH! 155

Audio Scripts
resist the devil, or Satan. Then you kill and eat a sheep and names of Jesus, Mary, Joseph and Matthew together
after that men usually shave their heads and women cut off with several bodies.
some of their hair. Susie: I don’t think that can be true – it was so long ago,
We stayed in Mina for three days and then we went back 2,000 years, nobody will ever know. Anyway, let’s
to Mecca to circle the Kaaba another seven times and that see what else there is that’s new. Here’s another
completed our pilgrimage. one. You know that even after the documents were
published about the assassination of Kennedy in the
SELF TEST (page 117) 60s, there are still different theories about what really
Activity 5 happened and why.
41 Ken: Really? What’s the story?
Phil: Hi, Meg. Susie: Well, experts have decided that Lee Harvey Oswald
Meg: Oh hello, Phil. I’m about to leave for the Buddhist was the only person to shoot the President. However,
retreat. some people still think that one of the secret service
Phil: You’re leaving for Scotland tomorrow, aren’t you? agents, who was travelling with him in Dallas,
accidentally fired his gun when he heard the first
Meg: Yes, taking the train! You wish you were coming with
shot and injured Kennedy as well.
me, don’t you!
Ken: Wow! The history books will probably talk about
Phil: I’m not sure. I like a cup of tea when I wake up, not
that forever, but I would believe the experts. Hmm,
three hours of yoga on a mountain at sunrise. I am not
there’s a lot of nonsense here but here’s a business
very good at getting up early.
secret that’s definitely true.
Meg: Neither am I. But we’ll go to bed early so getting up
Susie: What is it?
won’t be so difficult. The difficult thing will be not
speaking. Ken: The world famous secret formula for Coca-Cola
invented last century. You know, there are only two
Phil: What do you mean?
people at any one time who know how to mix in the
Meg: Well, you knew we all take a vow of silence when we’re special ingredient. They are never allowed to travel
there, didn’t you? together on a plane in case there is an accident and
Phil: No, I didn’t know. Nobody can take a vow of silence for the secret is lost.
a week, can they? Especially you! Susie: I thought the recipe was kept safely locked away in
Meg: Ha ha! Yes, I will find that hard. And you’re not allowed Atlanta.
to look at anyone directly in the eyes. Ken: It is but the mixing method is apparently the secret.
Phil: So no talking or looking at people. What about the food? Though Coca-Cola probably wouldn’t mind if
Meg: All vegetarian food, so perfect for me. someone found out because no one could make
Phil: Yes. Well, anyway, have a great time. I’m sure you’ll another drink saying it was the real thing.
have a lot to say when you get back.
Meg: And you take care too. Lots of love. UNIT 5. THIS IS MY SPACE
Phil: Bye.
Meg: Bye.
READING (page 56-57)
Activity 1b
REVISION 1 45
1 Nowadays, we use the word slums to describe any type of
SKILLS WORK (pages 52-53) housing that’s in a bad state of repair, dirty, neglected or
Activities 3a and 3b without essential facilities like running water or inside toilets.
44 2 The outskirts refer to any district or area of a town or city
Susie: Hey Ken, look at this blog! It’s called What we never that is away from the city centre.They are the areas of land
knew. It’s all about government and business secrets. that are on the border between rural and urban areas.
There’s one here about World War II and it says that 3 Suburbs are the name for areas of land with houses just
while scientists were working on the atomic bomb, outside the city. Some people like living in the suburbs
others were trying to create bombs to cause a tsunami! rather than in the city centre because they are less
Ken: What? How could they do that? noisy and there is more open space. Housing may be
Susie: Well, they tried it out off the coast of New Zealand, cheaper, though some city suburbs are actually extremely
but it seems they weren’t very successful so the expensive, for example, La Moraleja in Madrid.
project was abandoned, but it does sound like 4 Shanty towns have grown up round big cities in some
something out of a novel. They planned to set off parts of the world. People arrive from the country to find
explosions under the sea to create a huge wave that work in the city but can’t afford to live in the city itself
would destroy the defences on the coast, ships and so they start building their own houses illegally on land
even cities! outside the city.
Ken: How come they know about this? 5 A shack is a small building made of cheap light material.The
Susie: I think it was classified information until recently. buildings in shanty towns might be described as shacks.
You know, decades after the event people can start 6 The right to housing or shelter is a recognised international
seeing the documents, but these show it’s true. human right. People need a place to live that protects them
Ken: Hey, here’s another secret I didn’t know about! from bad weather and danger, whether that is a house, a
tent, a flat, a shack or a mansion.
Susie: What’s that?
Ken: They’ve found where Jesus Christ’s body was buried. Activities 6a and 6b
Susie: You’re joking! That’s impossible! 47
Ken: Actually, it looks like a strange claim. Some Interviewer: So Parvati, why did you want to make a
archaeologists found a tomb in Jerusalem with the film about Dharavi?

156 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Parvati Chowdry: Mumbai is one of the richest cities in India got a roommate called Annika, but she’s almost never there
so I wanted to show what life is like for its because she travels a lot. She’s a flight attendant. Because
poorest citizens, who live crammed into the house doesn’t belong to us, we really don’t make much
tiny houses with hardly any space to move. effort with the decoration, but if I could change what I wanted
The government think that a slum like to make it my ideal home, I’d do a lot! To start with, I’d take
Dharavi is a waste of space so they want down all the walls downstairs. We’ve got a living room, a
to destroy it and sell the valuable land. All kitchen and a very small dining room, but all the rooms are
my friends could lose their homes. I want small and poky, so I think it’d be much nicer with an open-
people to know about this. plan layout and it’d feel more spacious. I’d get rid of all the
Interviewer: What was your experience of daily life in hideous rented-house furniture we’ve got and especially the
Dharavi? awful dark red carpet that’s everywhere! Oh! That would be
Parvati Chowdry: The overcrowding is terrible! I found it so satisfying! I’d paint everything cream or white and I’d have
difficult not having any privacy or personal lots of plants everywhere, and I’d install an indoor water
space, but the positive side was the strong feature, like a small fountain. I love the sound of running
sense of community and the way everyone water. I’d want a Zen minimalist style of decoration with
helps each other. I also really admired the only basic furniture, but not modern furniture, traditional…,
way the people make the best possible use in light wood and a beautiful wooden floor. It would be
of the space and resources they do have. awesome!
For example, they make furniture out of Ramón
the rubbish other people throw away, it’s I live on my own in a small apartment on the top floor of a
amazing! They can’t allow things to take 19th century building in the old part of Barcelona. I bought it
up valuable space if they aren’t useful, so about 25 years ago when property here was very cheap and
everything is used! now it’s worth quite a lot more. I should try to sell it really
Interviewer: And where did you live during your time and get something bigger and more convenient, but I really
there? like the neighbourhood. So, what changes would I make to
Parvati Chowdry: I lived with the Kumars, a family of eight, turn my apartment into my ideal living space? Well to start
who all live in a tiny cramped house with with, if I had enough money, I’d install a lift! I’m on the 6th
only three rooms, in which they somehow floor and that’s a lot of stairs. Apart from that, I’d basically
made space for me, too! They were very modernise everything. I wouldn’t change the layout because
kind to me, but they could soon be forced I think it already makes the best use of quite a limited space.
to leave Dharavi and lose their home. There’s one main living room which is also the kitchen and
Interviewer: Well, this gives us a clearer idea of… which opens out onto a small roof terrace, but I’d definitely
change the décor. I’d like an ultra-modern look. I’d get rid of
LANGUAGE STUDY (page 58) the traditional tiles in the kitchen, for example. I know a lot of
Activity 2a people like that kind of thing so maybe I could sell them, but
I prefer something more contemporary. I’d get some decent
48
modern furniture – I’ve seen some glass chairs I really like,
The most expensive house in the world belongs to Mukesh
and I’d get a leather sofa too! Finally, and this would be very
Ambani, an Indian businessman. The house in Mumbai
important, I’d put in a really good efficient modern lighting
was completed in 2011 and cost over $1 billion to build. It
system that you can control from anywhere in the house.
is a magnificent 27-storey building made of glass and steel
and is sometimes home to Mr Ambani’s wife and three SPEAKING (pages 62-63)
children – although it is also used occasionally for business Activity 1
entertaining. Given that the house is in the extremely busy
centre of Mumbai, you might think that parking would be a 52
problem, but in fact the first six floors of the building are one John: OK, so we need to discuss how we are going to
enormous car park, and there are also three helicopter pads redecorate the new offices and get them ready so
on the roof! The building is luxurious and has everything we can move in.
you could imagine. There’s a temple, and a library, and Jill: Yes, they’re in an awful state, and the decoration
several wonderful hanging gardens. There are also various is terrible. Have you seen the reception area? It’s
swimming pools, a ballroom, a banquet hall, a cinema, and like being in a 1980s discotheque.
a fully-equipped gym, a yoga room and juice bar, and even John: Well, I wouldn’t quite put it that way myself, but
an ice room which makes artificial snow so you can cool off we do need to clean and redecorate before we
when the temperature is too high. 600 employees work hard move in as well as get some new office furniture.
to maintain this incredible building where only five people The question is where to start?
live. If you are lucky enough to be invited to Mr. Ambani’s Wei-Wei: I would strongly recommend that we begin with
home, make sure you visit the huge roof terrace which has, the feng shui consultation. I suggest asking the
by far, the most amazing panoramic views of the Arabian Four Winds Feng Shui Company to help: they’re
Sea in the whole of Mumbai. As long as you can ignore the supposed to be the best. They aren’t cheap, but
views of the surrounding slums, of course. they’ve got an excellent reputation.
SKILLS WORK (page 61) Sherman: I’m not entirely sure I agree with you there, Wei-
Wei. I know it’s part of the local culture, but as you
Activities 3a and 3b
say, it’ll be expensive. We’d have to make quite
51 a big investment before the business has even
Dorcas started earning money. Do you really think that’s
I live in a small house that was built in the 1950s in the such a good idea? Surely feng shui isn’t a priority?
suburbs of Denver, which is an expensive city. It’s OK. I rent Personally, I think it’s always worth investing in a
because I simply couldn’t afford to buy anything here. I’ve really good interior decorator.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 157

Audio Scripts
Jill: That’s just what I was going to say, Sherman! Conversation 1
You took the words right out of my mouth. Sherman: I suggest that we knock down all the walls and
Buying furniture and getting prices from interior make the office open-plan.
decorators should be our priorities. As far as feng Wei-Wei: Do you really think that’s such a good idea? People
shui is concerned, I think the best option would
are far too attached to their own offices and
be to wait and see how much the basic things,
personal space for this to be a popular decision.
like new office furniture and painting the walls,
are going to cost. Sherman: Jill says that we have an overcrowding crisis and
John: I think you might be forgetting where we are, Jill. there’s no other solution.
We’re in Hong Kong, remember. Here nobody Wei-Wei: I wouldn’t quite put it that way myself. It’s true
would dream of starting an important construction that we need to find office space for the new
project without consulting a feng shui expert first. people starting next week, but that’s hardly a
Wei-Wei: That’s exactly the point I was trying to make. If the crisis! I would recommend converting the two
office isn’t set up with the right feng shui, our Chinese meeting rooms next to the kitchen into offices.
employees won’t feel comfortable here and it might Conversation 2
make a bad impression on our customers. And Jill: Installing a new air-conditioning system is a waste of
feng shui isn’t just superstition. I think most people money. I suggest cancelling the work.
would agree that our environment influences how
John: I’m not sure I agree with you there, Jill. It can get
we feel and how productive we are.
extremely hot here in the summer.
Sherman: OK, OK. You’ve convinced me it’s important!
Jill: But there’s nothing wrong with the system we’ve got.
Jill: Yes, all right, you win. We’ll call Four Winds Feng
I would recommend that we keep it.
Shui tomorrow, then.
John: I think you might be forgetting the humidity. That’s the
Activities 5a and 5b problem as much as the heat, and the new system will
54 deal with it much more efficiently.
Diana: Come on, Bill, the worst option would be to sell the
land to developers. They’ll build expensive luxury UNIT 6. HOW CAN I HELP?
apartments on it and that won’t bring any benefit to
the ordinary people living in the city. Turning it into READING (page 67)
a city park is a much better idea. Just imagine how Activities 4a and 4b
fantastic it would be to have green space right in 58
the city centre. James: Good afternoon, madam. Welcome to the Hillcrest
Bill: I hear what you’re saying, Diana, but we’ve already Hotel.
got a big park down by the river. We don’t need Woman: Thank you. I wonder if someone could help me
another one. Besides, on a practical level, turning with a few questions I have.
the land into a park is just not possible. As you James: Of course. Allow me to introduce myself, James
know very well, the city council has serious financial Harris, concierge, at your service. How can I help?
problems. How would the city pay for it?
Woman: Well, I’d like to do some exercise while I’m here. Is
Diana: But Bill, the river park is miles away. Just think there a gym?
of the difference green space would make to the
James: Yes, madam, our new fitness centre came into
environment in the city centre! It would improve
service only last week. It’s on the fifteenth floor.
the quality of life for everyone, and that’s something
Woman: Marvellous. And where is the lift for that?
that’s always worth doing. I’m sure we could raise
the money to clear the land. James: I’m very sorry but that lift is out of service. The
engineer is repairing it. However, you could use
Bill: I don’t disagree with anything you’ve said, Diana,
the stairs.
but the fact remains that the city can’t afford another
park. It’s not just the cost of clearing the land but we Woman: Oh no, I think I’ll wait. Do you have a swimming pool?
would have to pay to maintain the park and look James: Yes, madam, on the terrace. But I’m afraid it’s
after it. But if we sell the land to developers, we can temporarily out of service as the water has gone
earn some money and that’s what the city needs green.
more than anything else at the moment. Woman: Do you have any sports facilities that are working
today?
SELF TEST (page 118) James: Of course, madam, the tennis courts are in service.
Activity 3c But they are fully booked today. Would you like to
book one for tomorrow?
55
Woman: I must say I’m rather disappointed as your website
1 They’re hardly big enough to live in.
says the hotel has excellent sports facilities, but it
2 It’s much too cold in here. seems you are just paying lip service. Either you
3 They aren’t nearly as expensive as we thought. don’t have any facilities or they are unavailable.
4 This office is only slightly bigger than the one next door. James: I do apologise, madam. I can assure you we are
5 People want to look at something a little bit more exciting not just paying lip service to providing sports
than a car park. facilities. We are doing our best to provide quality
6 In fact, I think it’s quite the most beautiful place I’ve ever sports facilities. We are just experiencing some
been in. difficulties this week.
Woman: Well, I’ll take your word for it. Thank you for the
Activity 6a
information.
56 James: My pleasure. I’m glad to be of service.

158 THAT’S ENGLISH!

LANGUAGE STUDY (page 68) SKILLS WORK (page 71)
Activities 3a and 3b Activities 3a and 3b
59 64
Tony: Here we are my dear, number 10 Dorset Avenue. Molly: Hello, I’m Molly Banks and welcome to the
Sally: The garden looks neat and tidy. programme. Tonight, we’ll be looking at a problem
Tony: Yes, I got it tidied up as a surprise, and it wasn’t even which is costing the emergency services a huge
very expensive; the gardener only charged £100 to do amount of money. With me is Callum Clark, an
everything. Well, this is it! What do you think? emergency telephone operator. So Callum, what’s
been happening?
Sally: Well, it’s certainly big enough. Oh! But it needs so
much work, Tony! And we need to move in in six Callum: Well, in recent years there’s been a huge increase
weeks! The windows are in a terrible state. in the number of non-essential calls made to the
police or ambulance service. Only around 40% of
Tony: That’s no problem, we’ll have them replaced. It’ll only
calls made to the emergency 999 number are real
take a couple of days with a good company.
emergencies.
Sally: And look at the ceiling – it’s about to fall down.
Molly: I see. So what kind of non-essential problems do
Tony: We can easily get it repaired – we can ask that builder people call about?
who did your sister’s house.
Callum: Well, some people call the ambulance service just
Sally: Oh! The kitchen looks pretty new. because they have a cough or a cold.
Tony: Yes, the previous owners had it installed six months Molly: That’s not really an emergency!
ago. It was done by that shop on Market Street. Callum: Of course not; they don’t need to go to hospital!
Sally: At least that’s OK. What about upstairs? Molly: That must mean a huge amount of extra work for the
Tony: Well, the bedrooms are painted dark red and black, ambulance service.
but we’ll have them decorated. I know a great painter, Callum: Absolutely. Last year, there were over 100,000 non-
and he’s very cheap. essential calls to the ambulance service.
Sally: Oh! It will cost a fortune to do all this work, Tony. I’m Molly: Oh! And what about calls to the police?
not sure it was a good idea to buy this house.
Callum: There’s been a 95% increase in non-essential calls to
Tony: Don’t worry, Sally. Tell you what, we won’t have the the police. Some of the reasons are quite ridiculous.
bedrooms decorated. We’ll do it ourselves, that’ll save
Molly: Can you give us some examples?
money. It’ll be fine.
Callum: One man called the police because he was angry
Activity 5a that he’d been waiting 45 minutes for his Chinese
60 takeaway meal! Someone else phoned the police
because he couldn’t find his glasses!
Conversation 1
Molly: Presumably, all this is costing the taxpayer a lot of
Amy: Hi there, Linda. Oh! You look well. How was your money.
holiday?
Callum: Yes, we estimate at least 30 million pounds a year is
Linda: Fantastic, thanks. We had a great time. wasted in this way.
Amy: What about the hotel? Molly: So what can be done to prevent this?
Linda: I can’t praise the service highly enough. Everything Callum: We are publicising a new number for all non-essential
was perfect. police matters – people can ring 101 and get advice.
Amy: Oh! You’ll have to give me the name of the hotel... Molly: Let’s hope it reduces time wasting calls.
Conversation 2
Man: Excuse me. UNIT 7. COMPETITION
Waiter: Yes, sir. How can I help?
Man: I’m afraid there’s a problem with this fish. It isn’t
READING (page 76)
very fresh. Activity 1
Waiter: I’m terribly sorry, sir. I’ll take it back to the kitchen. Is 66
there anything else? Sumo wrestling is the national sport of Japan and dates
Man: Yes, this wine is warm, and I can’t stand drinking back to the eighth century. In a sumo tournament, pairs of
warm white wine. wrestlers fight in a circular ring called a dohyo.To win a fight,
Waiter: I’ll get you another cold bottle immediately, sir. a wrestler needs to push his opponent onto the ground or
Conversation 3 out of the ring. It’s a very competitive sport which is both
physically and mentally exhausting as the rikishi (wrestlers)
Interviewer: Good afternoon, madam. Can I ask you a few have to develop not only great physical strength but also
questions about your flight today on Goldjet? great strength of will in order to win.
Woman: Yes, OK.
Interviewer: First, how would you rate the service from the SKILLS WORK (page 81)
cabin staff? Activities 2a and 2b
Woman: It was absolutely first class. 70
Interviewer: And what about the in-flight meal? It was the eighth season of the TV reality series Watching You
Woman: It was the best I’ve ever had. in 2009 which I won, and by then, people were losing interest.
Interviewer: And would you recommend Goldjet to your The show was very popular in Greece in the beginning, but
friends and family? not so much later on, and theTV company took it off the air the
Woman: Absolutely. year afterwards because there weren’t enough viewers. But
Interviewer: Thank you very much. even if the public didn’t want to watch it, the number of people

THAT’S ENGLISH! 159

Audio Scripts
who applied to be contestants on WatchingYou that year broke us exchanging the regions and competing against each other
the record. So there was a very, very competitive atmosphere – guess who got my old region and all my contacts? Rupert,
in the house from the beginning, and people were prepared to of course! Anyway, to cut a long story short, the atmosphere
do anything to get ahead of each other and win. It was vicious. in the office changed completely, people even stopped
There was no sense of fair play at all. I think I won because I talking to each other. I left after about eight months and got
didn’t get involved in all the fighting and talking about people another job and I’m much happier, but looking back on it
behind their backs – so I didn’t make too many enemies. I now, I wish I had behaved differently. If I found myself in the
also became really good friends with Kristos, one of the other same situation again, I think I would fight harder.
contestants. If he hadn’t been there, I would definitely have
thrown in the towel, but in the end, only one of us could win UNIT 8. A GOOD READ
and it was me. I won €180,000 which I invested in a nightclub
business. I still feel bad I didn’t offer some of it to Kristos. I think READING (page 87)
he was a bit jealous of me and disappointed. We didn’t stay Activity 6b
friends after the show and that’s what I regret the most. My
business hasn’t failed, but it isn’t doing very well either and my 76
life doesn’t feel very different from how it was before I was on I woke to the sound of a violent storm and of heavy rain
the show. People in Chania used to recognise me on the street hammering down on the roof.The storm lit up the sky through
for a couple of years afterwards but they don’t now. It was an the window, but when I tried to turn on the light, there was no
interesting experience, but I wouldn’t do it again. electricity. I decided to try and feel my way downstairs.
The storm wasn’t so loud now, but all of a sudden, there
SPEAKING (pages 82-83) was the sound of movement from the kitchen. Could it
Activities 2a and 2b have been the wind? Or a cat perhaps? I stopped and held
72
my breath. Nothing. Breathing again, I slowly pushed the
kitchen door. As it opened, I felt my blood run cold. There
Patricia
at the kitchen table was the silhouette of a woman. The
Ohhh, what’s my biggest regret in life? Well, on a professional same woman I had seen earlier and on the table in front of
level I think it must be the way I behaved when I left my last her were the pages of my story. My mouth opened but no
job. I’ve got a new job now and I’m much happier, but looking sound came out. My legs collapsed, and I fell down onto the
back on it, I wish I had behaved differently. If only I hadn’t darkness of the floor.
been so naïve. I should’ve realised what was happening
much earlier and I should’ve tried to do something about it. LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 88-89)
If I found myself in the same situation again, I think I would Activity 2b
fight harder.
78
Gerry 1 He can’t’ve lost his job.
I regret the way I reorganised the department. I shouldn’t 2 She must’ve been very tired.
have let Patricia Torres go. She was one of our best sales
3 I think we might’ve missed the last bus.
people and a nice decent person. If I had known what
Rupert was really like, I would never have promoted him. 4 My sister could’ve helped me more.
There used to be a good atmosphere in the department, but 5 They couldn’t’ve left already.
nobody trusts each other anymore. 6 You mustn’t’ve understood properly.
Rupert Activity 5b
I managed to get promoted at work, but I wish I hadn’t been
79
so ambitious. I don’t really have enough experience for the
Speaker 1: I think that he must be a fisherman whose boat’s
job and none of my colleagues like me. If I had realised how
been destroyed in a storm. He might’ve saved
lonely I would feel, I would have made more effort to build
himself by climbing onto some wood and plastic.
relationships with my colleagues. I really regret treating
Patricia the way I did. Speaker 2: I disagree. He can’t be a fisherman because he
isn’t wearing a lifejacket. All fishermen wear
Activities 4a and 4b lifejackets in a storm. I think he’s an illegal
73 immigrant trying to get to another country in a
The most competitive situation I’ve been in was a couple homemade boat.
of years ago. At the time, I was deputy sales manager for Speaker 3: I agree that he can’t be a fisherman because
a small educational publishing company. Working in sales the other sailors would’ve heard a message for
is naturally competitive, but there was a good atmosphere help on their radio. I think he must be an illegal
in our department and everyone used to help each other. immigrant trying to enter the country by sea.
Anyway, one day our boss, Alison, announced that she was Speaker 1: Yes, I guess you’re right. He’s an illegal immigrant.
leaving and this guy called Gerry was going to take over
temporarily until the company found a replacement. Well,
SKILLS WORK (page 91)
I’d liked Alison, but this was the opportunity I’d been waiting Activities 3a, 3b and 3c
for: I thought I had a good chance of getting her job, but 81
there was this other young salesperson called Rupert who Presenter: Hello and welcome. You are listening to The
had the same idea. I wasn’t worried because I didn’t think Reading Tree and my guests today are here to talk
he had enough experience. As it turned out, Rupert – who about a favourite book. Steve, let’s start with you.
I had believed was a nice guy – was extremely ambitious
Steve: Well, it was a difficult choice, but in the end, I chose
and prepared to do anything to get to the top of the ladder.
The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time
Gerry really liked him and they were always going to the pub
by Mark Haddon.
together after work. So, it shouldn’t have been a surprise that
when Gerry introduced a new way of working that involved Marta: Oh yes, I really enjoyed reading that book too!

160 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Presenter: So, tell us. Why did you choose it? Lucy: Look, I’ve got loads of photos on my phone. Here
Steve: What I liked about it was the way it made me think we are. This is me and Natalie.
and also made me laugh: a great combination! Granny: You both look so brown! Isn’t Natalie training to be
Presenter: So, what is it about? an actress?
Steve: In a way, the book is simply about the main Lucy: Yes, that’s right – but nowadays she insists we say
character, Christopher. He’s a fifteen year old boy ‘an actor.’
who has a form of autism and knows all sorts Granny: Oh, I see. And who’s that with you in the pool?
of obscure information, but who finds emotions Lucy: That’s Susanna, you know, who got us the cheap air
and people’s behaviour much more difficult to tickets through her job.
understand. Granny: Oh yes, she’s an air stewardess, isn’t she?
Presenter: The blurb calls it a murder mystery. Is it a Lucy: Yes, but everyone says ‘flight attendant’ now.
detective story? Granny: Right. Flight attendant. Oh dear, all the names seem
Steve: Not in a conventional sense, no, although to have changed.
Christopher does try to solve the mystery of the Lucy: Well, we’ve got to be non-sexist now, Granny.
neighbour’s dead dog. And this is one of me and Julia: she’s a customer
Marta: Did anything else about the book surprise you? services manager now.
Steve: Well, you are immediately aware that this is not Granny: All your friends are doing so well. Where’s our
a conventional novel when you first turn the waitress? I’m dying for a cup of tea.
pages and find that the text is interrupted by Lucy: Sssh, don’t say waitress – nowadays people say
Christopher’s diagrams, symbols, plans, lists and ‘server’.
algebra. It looks very different to other novels.
Granny: I don’t know, sometimes I think all this political
Marta: Why did it make you laugh? correctness is going too far.
Steve: Well, although the setting is a modern suburban
street with ordinary houses and ordinary Conversation 2
neighbours, when this is described through Patricia Haslam: Ladies and gentlemen, good morning!
Christopher’s eyes, things can seem absurdly For those who don’t know me, I’m
funny. Patricia Haslam and I’m the chair of the
Presenter: So, would you recommend it? Equality and Diversity Committee. I’d like
to welcome some special guests today –
Steve: Absolutely! It’s moving and a real page-turner. I
if you could just introduce yourselves...
couldn’t put it down. You’ve got to read it!
Angela, first.
Presenter: Thanks. Now Marta, what about your choice?
Angela Harris: Hello, yes, I’m Angela Harris and I’m a
SELF TEST (page 121) firefighter and I am the representative for
Activity 2 gender issues in the County Fire Service.
Patricia Haslam: Thank you and welcome. And, Lauren...
82 Lauren Chambers: Good morning everyone, I’m Lauren
Sheila: Good morning, Jean. It’s very early. Chambers and I’m a police officer. I’m
Jean: Oh hello, Sheila.Yes, sorry to bother you so early, but also responsible for promoting equality
something really strange has happened. My car isn’t in the police service here.
outside the house! Patricia Haslam: Welcome to the committee. Oh, I
Sheila: Really? But I saw you parking the car in front of the should also mention that another of our
house last night. members, Diana Jones, has just been
Jean: Yes, and I didn’t use the car after that. appointed as spokesperson for Equality
Sheila: Maybe your husband took the car. and Diversity for the Council, so we’ll be
Jean: Impossible! We only have one set of keys and look: seeing a lot of her in the media hopefully.
the keys are still in my bag! Congratulations, Diana. So, the first item
Sheila: Oh dear. I think you’d better phone the police. A lot of on the agenda is...
cars get stolen around here. SKILLS WORK (page 101)
Jean: I didn’t hear anything. Maybe one of the other Activities 2a and 2b
neighbours saw something. Oh, what a nuisance, and
how am I going to get to work? 87
Sheila: Don’t worry. I can give you a lift to work, but I think Presenter: Hello, I’m Joanna Maxwell and welcome
you’d better ring the police immediately. to this edition of Nine to five all about the
modern workplace. Today we’re looking at the
UNIT 9. THE GENDER GAP role of life coaches and we have in the studio
Sanjay Rajeev, a life and business coach.
LANGUAGE STUDY (page 98) Thank you for being with us today, Sanjay.
Activities 4a and 4b Sanjay Rajeev: Thank you for having me.
Presenter: So Sanjay, tell us what a life and business
84 coach does exactly.
Conversation 1 Sanjay Rajeev: Well, as we all know, our personal
Lucy: Hello, Granny. It’s so good to see you. You look well. relationships are the key to a happy life. If we
Granny: Hello, Lucy sweetheart, lovely to see you. So, how are getting on well with the people around us,
was your trip to Florida? then everything is easier, and this is even truer
Lucy: It was amazing! We had the best time. in business. In fact, such is the importance of
Granny: I’m dying to hear all about it. successful work relationships that they are

THAT’S ENGLISH! 161

Audio Scripts
even more significant than any business Jess: Excuse me, Dad, what do you mean? Surely you
strategy. So to answer your question, believe in equal opportunities?
basically as a life and business coach, I help Gordon: Of course, I do. You’ve certainly got a point, but
my clients understand themselves better and you’re not going to change people’s attitudes just
change their behaviour so that they improve by using politically correct terms like bartender.
their relationships at work. What’s the point of it?
Presenter: I gather that you focus on how male and Jess: Well, I think using gender neutral language does
female type thinking affects the workplace. affect how people treat others.
I assume most people’s brains work Gordon: And I think it’s what you do that’s important, not
depending on their gender. the names you use. You can change the names,
Sanjay Rajeev: Actually, it’s not that simple. It’s surprising but if people’s attitudes don’t change too, then it’s
how many people think in ways not a waste of time.
associated with their gender. Once someone Adam: Hang on a minute, Dad. I think changing names
recognises their own style of thinking, then does help to change attitudes.
they can take advantage of their strong
Jess: You’re absolutely right, Adam. How else can we
points and address any weaknesses.
show that the old names that discriminate against
Presenter: Most people tend to think that in order to women are unacceptable?
succeed in business we need to think like
Gordon: Yes, yes, but I don’t think it results in change.
men. Is this true?
Sanjay Rajeev: Traditionally that was true, as generally Jess: All right then, what about this? It’s against the law
male type brains are associated with being to use racist language, which shows that language
focused on tasks and good at problem is important and affects attitudes. So why should
solving. The disadvantage is that male type we tolerate sexist terms?
thinkers always want to prove they are right Adam: I can see where you’re coming from Jess, but
and attack. They tend to be less aware of Dad has a point, I mean, sometimes these neutral
how other people feel and are poor listeners. terms do sound a bit weird, you know, unnatural,
Nowadays, companies want people who like humankind instead of mankind and...
can work together constructively rather Jess: Sorry, can I just stop you there? Because you’re
than as single individuals. looking at it as a man, so you have no idea how
Presenter: Does that mean female type approaches are excluded a woman may feel when she hears all
more popular? mankind. What about the women? It’s women who
Sanjay Rajeev: Yes, to a certain extent. Broadly speaking, aren’t taken seriously, not men.
those with a female type brain are good at Adam: OK, OK I get it. Sorry, Jess.
communicating and being supportive. They Gordon: Yes, sorry. Right then, who’s for some lunch?
are especially good at creating strong groups Activity 3c
and this is excellent for team work. Again,
the disadvantages of this approach are these 90
people find it difficult to make hard decisions a You’ve certainly got a point, but…
and stick to them or voice unpopular ideas. b I can see where you’re coming from, but…
Presenter: I see. So neither one is ideal. So, what’s the c What’s the point of it?
best approach? d How else can we show that’s unacceptable?
Sanjay Rajeev: Having a balanced brain where someone e Hang on a minute.
combines male and female ways of thinking f Sorry, can I just stop you there?
so that they are aware of people’s feelings
as well as being decisive and assertive.
Businesses want this combination as when REVISION 2
employees feel someone is listening to LANGUAGE REVISION (page 105)
them they are happier and more successful.
Activity 8b
SPEAKING (page 102)
93
Activity 2 1 matriarchal 4 competitors 7 cheerful
88 2 endurance 5 photographic 8 spacious
Gordon: What are you looking at there, Adam? 3 dedication 6 airless 9 attendants
Adam: Oh, just some adverts for student summer jobs
abroad.
SKILLS WORK (pages 106-107)
Gordon: Sounds interesting. Anything good? Activities 3a and 3b
Adam: Yeah, a few: bartender, server in a restaurant, that 95
kind of thing. Steve: Hey Angela! Have you seen this survey and the
Gordon: Bartender? Sounds like the Wild West of America. results in the paper?
Why don’t they just say barman? Angela: No. What’s it about?
Adam: Well, we have to be non-sexist nowadays, don’t we? Steve: It’s all to do with how men and women see each
Employers can’t specify whether they want a man other and what men and women think about people
or a woman, it’s equal opportunities now. Seems doing a job that is traditionally associated with the
reasonable to me. opposite sex.
Gordon: Well, I’m sorry but that’s a lot of nonsense Angela: Really? What kind of questions did they ask?
because...

162 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Steve: Here’s one. Should men become nannies? motel chain now gives them a special rate because
Angela: What do you mean Steve? Should men look after they book the room over a year in advance.
children? Why not? Presenter: Wow, they must want to be there forever!
Steve: Well, it says here that 24% of the people interviewed Sally: That’s right. The couple are happy to be in a
thought that being a nanny is not a suitable job for place where they don’t have to pay for electricity,
a man. Nearly the same number of people said a heating or cleaning and they can get reasonably
man shouldn’t be a beautician either. priced meals in the café over the road. Though
Angela: People certainly have stereotypes – why can’t a the room’s not very large, they have their own TV
man be a beautician? I wouldn’t mind a man giving and tea-making facilities, free shampoo and toilet
me a manicure. And what about women doing rolls, which means they only need space for their
traditionally male jobs? clothes and a few other personal items.
Steve: They asked about that too. Some people thought Presenter: Amazing! It sounds like a good idea to me! What
that women shouldn’t be security guards, soldiers else have you come up with?
or even pilots! Hmm, I wouldn’t agree with that. Sally: The next tale is the story of Harry Young, a young
Angela: That’s terrible! I bet the people they interviewed man who found himself with nowhere to live
were men. when he was made redundant from his job in
Steve: Now you’re being sexist. You’d be surprised. In fact, construction.
more women than men thought a woman wouldn’t Presenter: So, what happened to him?
be a good bus driver. Hmm. Actually, it’s not that Sally: Well, actually, he noticed that building work was
bad – most people interviewed said they thought taking place for a big shopping mall and while
that men and women could do all the jobs. this was happening, he built himself a small
Angela: Ok then. So the majority are reasonable. Anyway, room next to the planned parking area.
what do they say about why some people think that Presenter: How did he manage that?
way? Sally: Would you believe it? No one noticed there was
Steve: It says here that men think women are more caring, a wall enclosing a space on the corner of the
compassionate, persuasive and patient than men, building and even the workers thought he was
whereas women think men are stronger, braver, part of their team.
calmer and better at driving! Presenter:Oh right! What was his room like?
Angela: I’d agree with that, except the comment about Sally: He furnished his space with a table, bed and
driving! armchair, and even managed to set up a TV
Steve: OK, OK. I know you drive well, but you can see why connection. He had to use the shopping mall toilet
more women work in service industries. In general, facilities, which was sometimes complicated!
they are better suited to looking after other people. Presenter: Didn’t anyone notice?
Angela: Well, as long as you don’t think that you don’t have Sally: You know, he wasn’t discovered for a year until a
to help at home because I’m better at washing up security guard noticed him coming in and out of the
and cleaning. door to the car park. However, he can now count
Steve: Of course not! Although you must admit, you are his blessings! Although he’s lost his temporary
much faster than I am, so maybe you should do it. home, he received an offer from the supermarket
Ouch! owners to work in maintenance of the building and
can now afford to rent a flat, with a bathroom!
EXAM STRATEGIES Presenter: A happy ending then! Did you find any other
unusual properties?
LISTENING COMPREHENSION I (page 110) Sally: Yes, Ian Brown’s made his home from a train! He
Activity 1b bought…
98 LISTENING COMPREHENSION II (page 110)
Presenter: Today’s programme is all about lifestyles. Activity 1a
While most of the population of Britain lives in
suburban areas or inner cities, we’re going to take 100
a look at some people who’ve chosen unusual Interviewer: Well Ms Connor, thank you very much for
accommodation. Sally, you’ve been investigating coming here today. If you’re ready, we’d like to
some of these homes. What’ve you found out? ask you a few questions.
Sally: Well, first of all, there is the case of Mr and Mrs Ms Connor: Of course.
Johnson. They’ve been living in a Green Lodge Interviewer: To begin with, can you tell us a little about
motel for the past 25 years. your education? You say here that you were
Presenter: Really? Why? Don’t they have a house to live in? at Oxford University for two years studying
Sally: Yes, they actually own a flat just outside physics but then you changed to Reading
Plymouth, but they rent it out and use the University to study a completely different
income to pay for the motel room. degree in business management.
Presenter: Oh! Why would they do that? Ms Connor: Ah yes, well, it turned out that I wasn’t much
good at physics, and I found the whole
Activity 1c atmosphere in college far too competitive.
99 Activity 1b
Sally: Well, they first stayed in the motel when they were
having their flat redecorated, but then decided that 101
it’d be cheaper and more comfortable to stay there Ms Connor: Everyone studied all the time, even on
permanently. And, the company that owns the Saturday nights! They were all obsessed with
results.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 163

Answer Key
Interviewer: I see. Activity 3
Ms Connor: So I moved to Reading where I could relax 1 She thinks they can be revealing.
more and the course was easier too. 2 They worked together at a magazine for three or four years.
Interviewer: Hmmm…, doesn’t like challenges. 3 Because she is writing an article about ethical trading.
Ms Connor: No, no, I could’ve finished at Oxford, but then 4 Her health was suffering.
I wouldn’t have got involved in the Travel
Choice project. Now that was a challenge. Activity 4
Interviewer: Tell us about it. 14
Ms Connor: This was a business venture I set up with 2 7 Any profits they make are shared.
two friends from uni. While I was studying 3 7 She was going to be in charge of the whole department.
business management, I became interested in 44
the marketing side and how much clients use Activity 5
information from the Internet to make their
1 a, 2 b
holiday and business travel choices.
Interviewer: Right. Activity 6
Ms Connor: So, together with my colleague Dave, who was 1 c, 2 a, 3 b, 4 d
doing computing, and Sue, who was studying Activity 7
design, we created software that would enable Suggested answer:
a hotel to easily measure customer comments,
My life finally took a turn for the better when I found my first
both praise and complaints.
job. I was able to become independent and find my own flat.
Interviewer: That sounds interesting. And how do you think I met a lot of new friends and a special woman, Anne, and
this relates to taking up a post with us as a things started going really well for me. I married Anne and
logistics manager? things couldn’t look any better for us.
Ms Connor: Well, I have great faith in my organisational
abilities. After all, my colleagues were Activity 8
the creative ones; whereas I did all the Student’s own answers.
administrative work in the company we Activity 9a
founded to sell our product. 1 Judy 3 Darren 5 Jo 7 Peter
Interviewer: Ah yes, I see on here that you were managing 2 Jude 4 Ian 6 Andy 8 Nadine
director of Travel Choice Software until last
year. What happened to the company? Activity 9b
Ms Connor: Well, we sold out to an American firm, and 2, 4
since then, I have been working as a consultant Activity 10a
for hotels and restaurant chains. 1 b, 2 c, 3 a, 4 e, 5 d
Interviewer: And what difficulties have you encountered in
this job? Activity 10b
Ms Connor: The main problem is being able to calculate 1 dropped out 4 gave up
the real service that the customer wants. 2 on the spot 5 turned his life around
I mean, they ask you to help them solve 3 at a crossroads 6 taken a turn for the better
problems, but then they aren’t really sure Activity 11
what the real problem is. Sometimes it can be
Suggested answer:
tricky to explain that a certain member of staff
is responsible for a drop in standards or that a I suppose what really turned my life around was when we
manager is not really doing their job properly. decided to start a family.
Interviewer: So you think you are able to deal with difficult Having children brought on new responsibilities and it
situations? totally changed our lifestyle. We began saving money,
eating healthier, going to bed earlier and just being more
Ms Connor: Indeed. They keep calling me back from the
responsible. We spent a lot of our time taking care of the
same companies, so I think I must’ve made a
children, but I wouldn’t trade it for anything in the world.
good impression.
Interviewer: Thank you. Well, now we’d like you to do one READING (pages 12-13)
or two written tests before the CEO has a word. Activity 1
Ms Connor: Fine. Thank you. Student’s own answers.
Activity 2
Answer Key 3
Activity 3
UNIT 1. TURNING POINTS 1 d, 2 f, 3 e, 4 a, 5 b, 6 c
Turning your life around (pages 10-11) Activity 4
Activity 1 1 b, 2 a, 3 b, 4 c, 5 b, 6 a
1 b, 2 c, 3 a Activity 5
Activity 2 2 become involved in 4 avoid 6 no longer have
1 She has a company which sells African fabrics and 3 spend time with 5 stop 7 end
designs. Activity 6a
2 She realised that she’d been living a lie. She wasn’t being 1
true to herself. Veronica: she needed to end her relationship with her partner.
164 THAT’S ENGLISH!
 Answer Key
Timo: he needed to recognise his addiction to gaming. She just wasn’t interested in her schoolwork anymore.
2 Activity 7b
Veronica: seeing an old photo of herself 2 would speak, would feel 5 would tell
Timo: running away from home and ended up living on the 3 would often make, used to be 6 used to be, used to love
streets for almost a week 4 would act 7 would neglect
Activity 6b Activity 7c
1 put up with 4 got into 7 taken over 2 used to speak / would speak, used to feel / would feel
2 break up with 5 hang out with 8 got rid of 3 used to make / would make
3 stay away from 6 grow out of 4 used to act / would act
Activity 7 5 used to tell / would tell
Suggested answers: 7 used to neglect / would neglect
1 I’m really getting into watching series in the original Help box – Used to and would
version on TV. I find it helps a lot with my English.
s can s can
2 I want to give up smoking. It’s really bad for my health and
expensive. Activity 8
3 I really haven’t grown out of playing video games yet. I’d Suggested answers:
have a lot more free time to study English if I did. 2 When I got my first car, I used to wash it every week. I would
4 I wish I could get rid of those ugly chairs. Then we could drive it to school, but I didn’t use to let my friends eat in it.
buy some new ones. 3 At the beginning of my relationship, I used to take flowers
5 I have difficulty putting up with being in noisy places. It to my girlfriend. We would often go to the cinema, but we
just doesn’t let me relax. didn’t use to go out for dinner.
6 I broke up with my childhood friends. They were 4 When I was younger and more idealistic, I used to go
influencing me in a bad way and I’m glad I did it. to demonstrations for world peace. I would protest for
hours, but I didn’t use to damage public property.
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 14-15)
Activity 1
A change is as good as a rest (page 16)
1 had been feeling 3 had been taking Activity 1
2 had served 4 had run Student’s own answers.
Help box – Past perfect simple and past perfect continuous Activity 2
past perfect simple 1 b, 2 a, 3 b, 4 b, 5 a, 6 b, 7 a
past perfect continuous Activity 3
Activity 2 1, 3, 6, 7, 9,10
2 had been living 6 had been earning Activity 4
3 had never intended 7 had been worrying USA 3, 7, 9 Canada 3 England 6
4 had always loved 8 had never stopped Ireland 3, 10 Australia 1
5 had already decided 9 had been living Activity 5
Activity 3 1 d, 2 f, 3 e, 4 c, 5 b, 6 a
1 To start with, later on, he realised 4 then, in the end
Activity 6
2 Before discovering 5 After spending
a, d, c, b, f, e
3 On going back
Activity 7
Activity 4
14
2 After hearing the sad news, he became very depressed.
2 7 The present castle dates from the 17th century and early
3 Before meeting his wife, he had been very lonely.
18th century.
4 After giving up drugs, his life changed for the best.
3 7 Writers such as Jonathan Swift were former students.
5 Before going to prison, he had wanted to be a teacher.
44
6 On stealing the car, he realised he was in a lot of trouble.
5 7 There are also major works by other artists.
Activity 5 6 7 They come to enjoy the nightlife.
1 give up 3 grow out of 5 come off 7 break out of
Activity 8
2 quit 4 overcome 6 got over
Suggested answer:
Activity 6b One of the most decisive moments in my country’s history
1 would 3 get 5 guide 7 girl was the discovery of America in 1492 because this led to
2 with 4 wait 6 got 8 wave the colonisation of this continent and a huge increase in the
Activity 7a country’s wealth. Another significant event was the death of
Suggested answers: General Franco in 1975, which signified the end of 40 years
of dictatorship and the coming of democracy to Spain.
She would spend hours in her bedroom.
She would speak rudely to her family. SKILLS WORK (page 17)
She would often make Laura cry. Activity 1a
If Calvin or I asked her to do something, she would act as if turning point, idea, behaviour, global
we were idiots.
Activity 1b
She stopped being affectionate with her father.
1, B, c 2, C, a 3, A, b

THAT’S ENGLISH! 165

Answer Key
Activity 2 4 I’m sure everything will turn out all right.
1 NewYork had the highest murder rate in the world in 1990. 5 Don’t worry.
It took about 10 years to change this. Activities 7a and 7b
2 The subway was dangerous and dirty. The city cleaned it
Student’s own answers.
up by getting rid of the graffiti on the trains and putting
more police officers in subway stations.
3 Giuliani started a ‘broken window’ policy, which consisted UNIT 2. IN THE MARKET
of cleaning up neglected areas and repairing broken Money doesn’t grow on trees (pages 20-21)
windows in abandoned buildings. This helped to transform
the environment. Activity 1
1 d, 2 b, 3 a, 4 c
Activity 3
Suggested answer: Activity 2
After I graduated from university with a degree in physics, 1 Anthony wants to set up an eco-friendly / organic restaurant.
I found it impossible to find a job in my area of study. I had 2 They should present their business plan to the business
been working in a café as a waiter for three years when a advisor at the bank.
young group of university students came in. That was the Activity 3
tipping point for me. I realised that I used to have dreams like
14
these young students, that I would spend hours imagining
what type of work I would do. 2 7 You must think of your profits, though.
I decided to take action and to find a post in the field of 34
physics. I began to send out my CV via LinkedIn, InfoJobs 44
and Internet research. Activity 4
Finally, I decided to move to Germany where there is more 1 It’s difficult to find the right person to have as a business
funding for research than in Spain. Within eight weeks I had partner.
found a job. If it weren’t for those university students, I’d still 2 Because they have a lot in common. Because Grant has
be waiting tables back in Spain. an ecological background.
SPEAKING (pages 18-19) 3 They should meet next week and put their ideas on paper.
Activity 1 4 He might invest in Anthony’s business.
Student’s own answers. Activity 5
Activity 2a 1 a, 2 b,
Student’s own answers. Activity 6
Activity 2b 1 business partner 3 Make sure 5 agreement 7 must
1 b, 2 c 2 objectives 4 financial 6 business plan
Activity 3a Activity 7
1 friends 3 boyfriend 5 spending 7 saving Suggested answers:
2 better 4 shopping 6 younger 8 throwing For Angela: If you are going to start a business with a
partner, make sure you talk about each person’s
Activity 3b
responsibilities otherwise you may have
1 b I got into the habit problems. Then, you should write up a business
2 c once I’ve started, that’s it, d but the time came when I plan and take it to the bank in order to get a loan.
crossed the line, e I just can’t seem to stop myself For Charles: First of all, don’t forget to find a good location for
3 f whenever… I would make myself feel better by..., g I can’t your business. The right thing to do is to find a
bear the thought of... busy area with little competition.Then, take good
Activity 4 care of your customers, and remember that they
Suggested answer: are always right.
1 Biting nails, not sure when started, as a child teacher and Activity 8
parents were always telling me to stop biting my nails. Student’s own answers.
2 Feel nervous and I start doing it, then feel bad and guilty Activity 9a
for doing it. Feel like everybody is watching me and
judging me. 1 Nip says there is a lot of scope. We are living longer and
there is more demand on our health.
3 Can’t help doing it and once I start, I can’t stop. Need more
willpower to quit. 2 Lauren says that she is quite good at choosing what
people like and what would sell.
Activity 5a 3 Ian says he would like to serve Asian food.
She is talking to her friend. 4 Andy says he would need a good lump of / a lot of money.
Activity 5b Activity 9b
1 c, 2 a, 3 e, 4 b, 5 f, 6 d 1 Rosie 2 Karen 3 Darren
Activity 6a Activity 10a
1 bad 2 fine 3 Cheer 4 turn out 5 worry 1 d, 2 f, 3 a, 4 c, 5 e, 6 b, 7 g
Activity 6b Activity 10b
1 Come on, it’s probably not as bad as you think. 1 actually 4 all to do with 7 a good lump of
2 You’ll be fine. 2 has a passion for 5 online
3 Cheer up! 3 set up and run 6 scope

166 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 11 Activity 2
Suggested answer: 2 take over 4 break even 6 close down
I have a passion for food so I’d like to set up a restaurant. 3 rip off 5 sell out
We’d need a good lump of money to get started, but with
Activity 3a
the business plan and a good location, I feel confident that
the bank would lend us the money. I’d start up an Indian 2 investment 5 expertise 8 adaptability
restaurant with delicious curries. Indian restaurants are very 3 loan 6 valuable 9 flexible
popular in England and I’m sure it’d be a huge success. 4 stable 7 operate 10 profitable
READING (pages 22-23) Activity 3b
Activity 1a 1 competitive 3 operational 5 value
Student’s own answers. 2 investment 4 profitable 6 stability
Activity 1b Activity 4a
2 research the competition 5 think long term Population Main business activity
Activity 2 Finland 5.2 million communications
2 technology
Activity 3 Saudi Arabia 26 million activities related to the oil
1 c, 2 a, 3 b industry

Activity 4 Activity 4b
14 2 should call 6 Don’t expect 10 don’t feel
2 7 The market is very stable and there isn’t much competition. 3 apologise 7 mustn’t show 11 should try
34 4 don’t have to make 8 be
4 7 The company is flexible. For example, they changed their 5 Don’t interrupt 9 Remember
activity to building coffins during the Second World War.
54 Activity 5
6 7 It is owned by a Japanese construction company. 1 d, 2 b, 3 a, 4 c
74 Help box – Reduce relative clauses
Activity 5 1 c, 2 a, 3 d, 4 b
2 set up 7 run at a profit Activity 6
3 skills 8 assets 2 The photocopier is in the supply room which is next to the
4 expertise 9 annual revenue canteen.
5 go, liquidation 3 There are people, for example the elderly and those living
6 keeping up the repayments alone, who will find this product very useful.
on your loans 4 The team leader is the person to go to if you have a problem.
Activity 6a 5 The product, aimed at younger people, wasn’t very popular.
1 Cara has a sewing business; Felix has a computer 6 Helen is the only person to lead the team: she’s the most
consultancy company. experienced.
2 Cara’s business is small but very successful; Felix is Activity 7
having problems at the moment. 2 If you want to increase your profits, Eugene is the person
Activity 6b who you need to hire.
3 I’ve got a report here which was written by experts in the
Cara Felix field.
started with very few assets 4 4 Could you give the papers to the secretary who is sitting
over there?
took out a loan for the rent 4
5 The latest negotiations to pay attention to are crucial to
offered flexibility 4 the success of our trip!
had unique expertise 4 6 The woman who was leading the project was my boss’s
ex-girlfriend!
had strong communication skills 4
Activity 8b
was profitable immediately 4 1 ban 3 voice 5 vice 7 bet
was profitable after a year 4 2 vase 4 bat 6 very 8 boat
employed more people 4 Open for business (page 26)
might employ more people 4 Activity 1
ploughed the profits back into the business 4 1 James has an LED lighting company, and Lisa makes
quilts.
Activity 7 2 Student’s own answers.
Student’s own answers. Activity 2
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 24-25) 1 J, 2 J, 3 L, 4 P, 5 J, 6 L, 7 L, 8 P, 9 L
Activity 1 Activity 3
2 e, 3 d, 4 f, 5 a, 6 b 1 entrepreneurship 3 capital 5 funding
2 small 4 open

THAT’S ENGLISH! 167

Answer Key
Activity 4 Activity 4a
3, 5, 1, 2, 4, 6 1 as a result 3 In my view 5 in spite of 7 also
Activity 5 2 since 4 despite 6 however 8 furthermore
1 to go shopping 3 tea Activity 4b
2 little moments of happiness personally: to give personal opinions
Activity 6 on the contrary: to express contrast
1 brand 3 process 5 views 7 certificate in addition: to add information
2 interactive 4 free pint 6 pulling therefore: to express reasons and results
on the other hand: to express contrast
Activity 7
Suggested answer: Activity 5
In my country it is quite difficult to set up a business.There is 1 moreover 4 on the other hand 7 consequently
a lot of paperwork and bureauracy involved and also taxes 2 on the contrary 5 however
to pay. However, the government has an advice service to 3 despite the fact that 6 In spite of
help people and it is sometimes possible to get business Activity 6a
loans with lower rates of interest.
1 b, c 2 a, d, e, f
SKILLS WORK (page 27) Activity 6b
Activity 1a The future of work in the next ten years will be quite different
1 The Band’s reputation in the 60s: wild reputation, people to what our parents and grandparents lived in their lifetimes.
were nervous about them, considering them bad boys, Many of our parents had the same job all of their lives and
symbols of youth and rebellion. retired at the age of 60-65.
The band’s reputation now: rich and respectable but sold Due to the lack of work opportunities in Spain, university
out to big business. graduates will most likely have to go abroad to work, despite
2 Because they were ripped off – people stole their money. having solid qualifications. As a result, they will need to know
3 They hired a new manager who took over their assets and two or three languages. Moreover, if young people stay in
restructured the band as a company. Spain, they will be lucky to work from temporary contract to
temporary contract.
Activity 1b
Improved medical care will allow older people to work longer.
He suggests that you would come under attack from
The days of taking early retirement will be something of the
the bands’ corporate lawyers (unless you have legal
past. However, the elderly may have less responsibility, as
representation). Google and Microsoft are known for having
those in their forties and fifties will cover upper-management
aggressive legal representatives and for being secretive
posts. The elderly that did not carefully design their pension
about the detail of their business affairs.
plan to cover their retirement years will have to continue
Activity 2a working.
tours, stadiums, hats and T-shirts, performing rights, live To my mind, I would advise students to learn languages and
performances, paying taxes to open a pension plan when they start working so that they
Activity 2b will not have to work in their retirement years.
1 a, 2 b, 3 c, 4 b, 5 b
Activity 3
UNIT 3. CAN YOU KEEP A SECRET?
Student’s own answers. Can I let you in on a little secret? (pages 30-31)
Activity 1
WRITING (pages 28-29)
Student’s own answers.
Activity 1a
2 Activity 2
1 Anthony belongs to a group called Live Action Role Play
Activity 1b
(LARP). Bridget has got a new job in Paris.
1 paragraphs 2, 3 2 paragraph 4 3 paragraph 1
2 Because he thought she’d think he was immature.
Activity 2
Activity 3
3
1 Danny thinks Anthony looks absolutely hilarious.
Activity 3 2 Anthony feels it is slightly embarrassing.
1 In spite of working longer hours, we are less productive 3 Danny thinks the beard is pretty amazing.
than before. 4 Anthony thinks that Bridget and the other man look quite
2 In spite of the fact that older workers have unique skills suspicious.
and experience, companies don’t want to hire them. 5 The other man is Luc, Bridget’s new boss.
3 In spite of his great communication and IT skills, he still
didn’t get the job. Activity 4
4 Despite higher standards of living, Europeans are 14
discontented. 24
5 Despite the fact that it’s more difficult now to find a 3 7 Bridget’s boss read on Facebook about a girl at work
permanent job, the opportunities for the self-employed who was thinking of leaving her job.
are increasing. 44
6 Despite liking the idea of working at home, in reality, 54
many people miss the day-to-day contact with colleagues.

168 THAT’S ENGLISH!

6 7 Danny didn’t give Anthony’s secret away. Bridget knew Activity 2a
there was something strange because of the beard at the Katie told Josh about the surprise party that Alice was
bottom of Anthony’s wardrobe. planning for him.
Activity 5 Activity 2b
1 b, 2 a, 3 b, 4 b 1 h, 2 c, 3 e, 4 b, 5 g, 6 a, 7 d, 8 f
Activity 6 Activity 3
Suggested answers: a Sophie and Andy were engaged at one time.
1 I remember my sister told me a secret and she didn’t want b Sophie and Jamie are mother and son.
me to tell anyone, but I told our parents and she got into c Sophie and Gina were best friends.
trouble.
Activity 4
2 I once let my parents down because I failed nearly all of
4, 5, 1, 6, 8, 9, 3, 2, 7
my exams in my first year of secondary school.
3 I’m a very trustworthy person so people let me in on all Activity 5
sorts of secrets like if they have been unfaithful to their 1 b, 2 a, 3 b, 4 a, 5 b, 6 b, 7 b, 8 b
partner. Activity 6
Activity 7 1 taken in 4 keeping 7 the best-kept secret
Student’s own answers. 2 in secret 5 open secret 8 let, down
Activity 8a 3 gave, away 6 tell
1 Jo 2 Andy 3 Karen LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 34-35)
Activity 8b Help box – Inversion for emphasis
1a 2b 3a 1 is 2 same
Activity 9a Activity 1
Student’s own answers. 1 was he 3 do they lie 5 does he speak
Activity 9b 2 am I 4 did she pass 6 were they sad
1 found out 5 burst into tears / felt really guilty Activity 2
2 cheating on 6 pass (the secret) on 2 Not only did they dislike her, but they also hated her
3 let (him) down 7 a gossip family.
4 slipped out 3 Not only was Diana very beautiful, but she was also kind.
4 Not only does she sing beautifully, but she also writes her
Activity 10
own songs.
Suggested answer:
5 Not only did he play tennis excellently, but he also ran
I try my best to keep secrets, but they just slip out, not marathons.
intentionally. It’s terrible, I think it’s because I’m very talkative.
6 The team manager says (that) not only do we want to win
READING (pages 32-33) the match, but also the championship. / Not only does the
Activity 1a team manager say that we want to win the match, but also
the championship.
In picture 1, someone is taking some papers out of an
7 The headmaster said (that) not only was Darren lazy, but
envelope with the heading confidential. This means that only
he was also disrespectful to the teachers. / Not only did
certain people can have access to that information. If the
the headmaster say that Darren was lazy, but that he was
papers are being looked at by people other than those they
also disrespectful to the teachers.
were addressed to, then the situation can be quite serious.
In picture 2, two young adults are gossiping. The boy is Activity 3a
whispering a secret to his friend. If he is telling her good 1 Speaker 5 3 Speaker 1 5 Speaker 3
news, then there is nothing wrong with it. However, if he 2 Speaker 2 4 Speaker 4
is criticising somebody, for example a teacher, behind their Activity 3b
back, then this is an unacceptable lack of respect.
1 fairly 2 rather, pretty 3 not very 4 extremely
In picture 3, there is a man who seems to be spying on
his girlfriend or wife while she is speaking on the phone. Activity 4
Although he may suspect his partner is having an affair, this 1 Pretty 3 extremely 5 fairly
doesn’t mean he has the right to listen in to her conversation 2 very 4 rather 6 quite
as this means he has lost faith in her. Help box – Gradable and extreme adjectives
In picture 4, two people are passing notes to each other. They
1a 2a
are probably arranging to meet later on. They could have had
a crush on each other. Nevertheless, if either of them have Activity 5a
a partner, then they would be dishonest (if they cheated on Gradable adjective Extreme adjective
their partners).
cold freezing
In picture 5, a bunch of friends are celebrating. They have
organised a surprise party for a good friend who may be tired exhausted
having a birthday party or who has finished his degree. This silly ridiculous
shows he’s well-regarded and loved. bad awful
Activity 1b angry furious
Student’s own answers. upset devastated

THAT’S ENGLISH! 169

Answer Key

big huge SKILLS WORK (page 37)

beautiful gorgeous Activity 1
good amazing 2
Activity 2
Activity 5b
Student’s own answers.
absolutely, totally, completely
Activity 3
Activity 6
Suggested answer:
1 huge 4 gorgeous 7 devastated
Question 5
2 exhausted 5 freezing 8 amazing
b Only tell my friend if she asked me about it.
3 furious 6 ridiculous / awful
c Tell my friend if it was necessary.
Activity 7 d Of course, tell my friend because it could be important for
1 absolutely 3 absolutely 5 completely 7 pretty her to know.
2 rather 4 quite 6 totally Question 6
Activity 9a a Not only would I not tell my parents, but I wouldn’t tell my
b, d, e, a, c friends either. It isn’t any of their business.
b I would tell my best friends the truth but not my family.
Activity 9b My friends would understand me, but my family would be
Her husband has lost his job, and they have just bought a angry and disappointed.
new house. c I’d tell my family and friends that I lost my job because of a
Activity 9c reorganisation plan in the company. However, I wouldn’t
1 down, b 3 tears, up, e 5 cry, out, c tell them the real reasons for being fired.
2 lump, throat, d 4 burst, a d Not only would I tell my family the truth, but I would tell
my friends as well. They would support me.
Activity 10
1 down 3 welled up 5 cried, eyes Activity 4a
2 lump, throat 4 burst, tears secret agent / spy

Activity 11 Activity 4b
1 devastated 4 also 7 let 1 The job requires James Bond types.
2 eyes 5 furious 8 gave the secret away 2 They are ordinary-looking people who fit in on a normal
street, often older people and young mothers.
3 only 6 took 9 in secret
3 You need to be intelligent, good at problem-solving and
I spy with my little eye (page 36) decision-making and discreet.
Activity 1 4 Other jobs available are for car mechanics, psychologists,
1 b, 2 a, 3 d, 4 c translators and IT workers.
5 They feel a sense of fulfilment protecting their country
Activity 2
and like the good team spirit.
Student’s own answers.
6 The biggest danger for a country is cyber terrorism.
Activity 3
SPEAKING (pages 38-39)
1 7 It developed during the Second World War.
24 Activity 1
3 7 She trained French Resistance troops. 1 pretty happy 5 kind of embarrassed
44 2 very sorry 6 extremely annoyed
5 7 She received awards for bravery. 3 totally devastated 7 somewhat down
64 4 somewhat shocked
74 Help box – Expressing hesitation
8 7 They decoded around 2000 messages a day. 1 a, 2 a, 3 a
Activity 4 Activity 2b
1 e, 2 c, 3 a, 4 b, 5 d Suggested answers:
Activity 5 1
Student’s own answers. If I were Ruth, I would have been totally upset. After all, best
friends shouldn’t keep secrets from each other. / I would’ve
Activity 6 completely understood her problem and been absolutely
1 18 3 human 5 shortest 7 spiritual happy for both of them.
2 127 4 megalithic 6 engineering 2
Activity 7 If I were Olivia’s sister, I would have been rather embarrassed.
Suggested answer: Having to make this announcement to all the guests and
knowing that they would be shocked, angry and hurt is a
There are many secrets to be discovered in my country.
big responsibility.
Personally, I would like to know more about the arms
trade. Who does my country sell arms to and what kind of 3
weapons do they sell? It would also be interesting to find out If I were Tom, I would have been kind of embarrassed that
more about our intelligence service. In which countries do I already knew that Olivia and Brad were married and the
we have spies and what is the objective of their missions? chief bridesmaid and guests didn’t.

170 THAT’S ENGLISH!

4 are fewer religious people nowadays. Many people claim
If I were the parents, I would have been very hurt. Not only to have faith, but few actually go every Sunday to worship.
did our children keep their marriage a secret from us, but I think more and more people are lapsed these days.
they didn’t think about how it would affect us! Although people still feel it is important to receive the first
Activity 3 Holy Communion, they don’t feel the need to go to mass
regularly.
1 So, going back to what happened
2 After that, Activity 8
3 Things were never the same again. Student’s own answers.
4 Or so I thought Activity 9a
5 You’ll never guess (believe it). The speakers mention 1, 3 and 4.
6 On the day in question,
Activity 9b
7 That very evening,
1 4 (He says as he has grown older it has become less
Activity 4a important.)
5, 4, 1, 2, 3 2 7 She says it is not a part of her life.
Activity 5a 3 7 He says he’s fairly religious, goes to temple every month
Suggested answer: and spends some time there.
1 I felt let down by my husband when I learnt he was having 4 4 (She says she celebrates Easter and Christmas.)
an affair. 5 4 (He says religion is in the way you live.)
2 My husband had an affair with a workmate of his. 6 4 (She says she wouldn’t be without the presence of God
3 My husband, Harry; his workmate and I were involved. in her life.)
4 I felt very angry and hurt. 7 7 He says he’s an atheist.
5 I feel OK with it now as I have got on with my life. 8 7 She says she likes the thought of spirituality.
Activity 5b Activity 10a
Suggested answer: 1 a, 2 b, 3 a
I think the time I felt let down the most was when I found Activity 10b
out my ex was having an affair. I first met Harry at a party,
and we got on well immediately. We were extremely happy; 1 brought up 3 devout 5 an atheist
at least I thought we were. There were times when things 2 going to mass 4 churchgoers 6 had grown up
were somewhat difficult, but what relationship doesn’t have Activity 11
problems sometimes? Then one day, Harry told me about Suggested answer:
his affair. I was extremely angry and hurt. I realised that I
would never be able to forgive him or trust him again. After As a lapsed Catholic, religion is not very important to me. I
that, we got a divorce, and as a result, I have met the most was brought up as a Catholic, but when I grew up I didn’t
wonderful trusting man, and I am absolutely elated. As a go to mass as often as I used to when I was a child. After I
matter of fact, we are getting married next June. Anyway, I had moved to Madrid to go to university, I stopped going
have forgiven Harry, and we are good friends now. altogether. My parents are not happy about this at all, but I
imagine I will get married in a church and if I have children
UNIT 4. FAITH they will be baptised there as well.
READING (pages 42-43)
You’ve got to have faith (pages 40-41)
Activity 1
Activity 1
Student’s own answers.
Student’s own answers.
Activity 2a
Activity 2
Paul has the strongest faith.
1 Megan is a Catholic and Ahmed is a Muslim.
2 Because she doesn’t go to church regularly. Activity 2b
Activity 3 1 Jane 2 Paul 3 Paul 4 Jane 5 Paul
1 a, 2 c, 3 c, 4 c, 5 a Activity 3
Activity 4 2
14 Activity 4
2 7 Ahmed tells his mother that Megan is a lapsed Catholic. 1 The festival takes place every 3 years.
3 7 Megan doesn’t go to church, but she does believe in God. 2 1 billion Hindu believers
44 3 Millions of pilgrims attend the celebration.
Activity 5 4 55-day festival
1 go to mass 3 lapsed 5 churchgoer 5 nearly a million sadhus
2 devout 4 atheist 6 worship 6 20,000 portable toilets
Activity 6 7 10,000 sweepers
1 devout, go to mass 3 lapsed 5 churchgoer 8 50,000 policemen
2 an atheist 4 worship Activity 5
Activity 7 1 No, it takes place in different locations.
Suggested answer: 2 Because they believe it washes away sin.
Spain used to be a nation of churchgoers. However, there 3 A sadhu is a Hindu holy man or a priest.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 171

Answer Key
4 They do not wear clothes, cut their hair, never speak, stop Activity 3
eating or drinking. 1 God 4 challenge 7 same
5 The biggest danger is being injured in the crowds. 2 culture 5 faiths 8 chairs
6 Frog worries that the water isn’t very clean and people 3 family 6 older / over 50 9 tables
can get ill.
Activity 4
Activity 6
Christianity, Muslim (Islam), Hinduism, Judaism,
1 pilgrim 4 priest / sadhu 7 blessing Rastafarianism, Church of England
2 pilgrimage 5 fast 8 prayer
Activity 5
3 sin 6 vow 9 shrines
1 the USA 3 Australia 5 Canada
Activity 7 2 Jamaica 4 England 6 New Zealand
1 b, 2 b, 3 b, 4 a, 5 a, 6 b, 7 a, 8 b
Activity 6
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 44-45) 1 b, 2 c, 3 a
Activity 1
Activity 7
1 f, 2 h, 3 a, 4 e, 5 d, 6 b, 7 c, 8 g
14
Activity 2 2 7 It’s a 13th century building.
1 Falling - confirmation 5 Rising – real question 34
2 Rising – real question 6 Falling - confirmation 4 7 The Round Tower is 30 metres high.
3 Falling - confirmation 7 Rising – real question 5 7 It sells Irish products.
4 Falling - confirmation 8 Falling – confirmation 6 7 They are made down the road.
Help box: Intonation in question tags Activity 8
Real question – rises. Confirmation - falls Suggested answer:
Activity 3 My country has many religious buildings. Many of them
2 He is sure that ghosts exist. represent the Catholic religion, for example, the Cathedral
3 They doubted whether / if the team were good enough to Basilica of Saints Peter and Paul in Philadelphia. However there
win the World Cup. are also buildings from other religions such asTemples Square
4 I wonder whether / if she took enough money for the train in Salt Lake City, Utah which represents the Mormon faith.
fare. SKILLS WORK (page 47)
5 I do believe he really loves her.
Activity 1
6 I doubt if / whether she has enough qualifications for the job.
Student’s own answers.
Activity 4
Activity 2a
1 actually 4 really 7 just
They are in the Mecca at the Kaaba.
2 simply 5 Surprisingly, 8 simply
3 unfortunately 6 hardly Activity 2b
1 Muslims pray towards Mecca because it is the most
Activity 5
sacred site in Islam.
1 Christianity 4 non-believers 7 Buddhists
2 The Kaaba is about 4,000 years old.
2 atheists 5 Muslims 8 Sikhs
3 Some people think it was a sign from God. Others believe
3 agnostics 6 Hindus 9 Jewish believers
it is a meteorite.
Activity 6 4 Yes, all Muslims have to go on the Hajj if they can afford it
2 fast 5 prayer 8 Hell and are in good health.
3 sins 6 Heaven 9 miracle 5 Pilgrims circle the Kaaba seven times.
4 pilgrimage 7 priest 10 shrine Activity 3a
Activity 7 14
2 gives his blessing 5 blind faith 8 act of faith 2 7 Pilgrims drink some Zamzam water or wash in it.
3 Bless you 6 count your blessings 34
4 in good faith 7 Bless
Activity 3b
Activity 8b Day 1: c Day 2: b Day 3: a
1 b, 2 b, 3 a, 4 a, 5 b, 6 a, 7 a, 8 b
Activity 4a
Believe it or not! (page 46) Student’s own answers.
Activity 1 Activity 4b
Student’s own answers. Student’s own answers.
Activity 2
WRITING SKILLS (pages 48-49)
1 English Church. A Christian who is a member of the Church
of England. Activity 1a
2 The Pope is the main authority in the Catholic Church 2
whereas the Church of England is independent from Rome. Activity 1b
3 Henry VIII. 1 against 3 for 5 for
4 It runs the Church of England. 2 for 4 against 6 against
172 THAT’S ENGLISH!
Activity 2a Activity 1b
The writer is in favour of religious schools receiving found out: neither came: both went: both
government funding. was: used to be left: both saw: neither
Activity 2b decided: neither arrived: both
1 general facts and context Activity 2a
2 compared and contrasted 1 will you? 4 weren’t you? 7 shall we?
3 both sides of the discussion and your personal opinion 2 didn’t they? 5 will you?
Activity 3 3 were you? 6 don’t you?
1 b, 2 c, 3 a Activity 2b
1 real question 4 confirmation 7 real question
Activity 4
2 confirmation 5 real question
2 The rescue teams stopped the search for survivors; even
3 confirmation 6 real question
so, she never gave up believing he was alive.
3 She seems to be telling the truth, and yet I don’t trust her. Activity 3
/ Yet, I don’t trust her. 1 pretty 4 firmly 7 hardly
4 She seems to be telling the truth, even so I don’t trust her 2 surprisingly 5 absolutely 8 kindly
5 She is the richest woman in the country, but still she isn’t 3 unfortunately 6 actually
happy. / Still, she isn’t happy. Activity 4
6 She has an enormous salary, yet it isn’t enough. 1 b, 2 c, 3 a, 4 b, 5 b, 6 c, 7 b, 8 b
Activity 5 Activity 5
1 as regards 4 however 7 In comparison, 1 Have you met the woman living in the house on the
2 still 5 to conclude corner?
3 in spite of 6 on the whole 2 He is the man to ask if you need help.
Activity 6a 3 This is the message given to the followers.
Student’s own answers. 4 This is the way to go to get home.
Activity 6b Activity 6
Suggested Answer: 1 Not only did he leave his family, but he gave all his
Should religion be taught in schools? money to the Church as well.
Catholicism has always played an important role in Spanish 2 I thought the acting was awful, whereas the plot wasn’t
society and education. Yet, it wasn’t until after Franco’s death bad.
that a law was passed for religion or an ‘optional’ subject to Whereas I thought the acting was awful, the plot wasn’t
be taught in primary and secondary education. bad.
This law still holds true today. However, apart from 3 I wonder whether / if they took the right road.
Catholicism (of the 69% the majority are said to be non- 4 Despite not feeling very confident, she passed the exam.
practising), Islam, Judaism, Protestantism and Hinduism are She passed the exam despite not feeling very confident.
also practised in present-day Spain. 5 I realised it would mean a great sacrifice. Even so, I
In spite of being a culturally diverse country, the Catholic decided to help them.
Religion still continues to be taught in the classroom, 6 The report is interesting. However, it needs more
although it is no longer a practical tradition to continue to research.
do so. It would be more logical to cut this subject from the
7 Not only can you ski, but you can go the beach too / you
national curriculum. Families can educate their children in the
can also go to the beach in Granada.
church, mosque, or temple of their choice to ensure that their
personal belief system is being conserved and developed. 8 He lost his keys. Still, he managed to climb in through
the window.
If this subject were cut, our students would be able to take
a true optional class that would enrich their education such He lost his keys but he still managed to climb in through
as computer programming, Mythology, Sign Language, the window.
Cooking, Choir, Psychology, etc. 9 I doubt whether / if / that he’ll enjoy the show.
On the one hand, It would be a good idea to keep to the 10 On seeing the results, she was relieved.
tradition and continue offering religion in schools, but on Activity 7
the other hand, it would be good for this subject to be cut 1 plough back 3 got rid of 5 took a turn
from the curriculum and let people decide what they want to
2 let them down 4 get over
study. It is time for the Spanish curriculum to move towards
the needs of 21st century students and families. Activity 8
1 out 3 off 5 out 7 into
REVISION 1 2 away / out 4 up 6 over

LANGUAGE REVISION (pages 50-51) Activity 9

1 flexibility 3 competitor 5 operation
Activity 1a
2 adaptable 4 stabilise 6 investment
1 had been living 6 had compiled
2 wasn’t going 7 was Activity 10
3 had suffered / was suffering 8 left 1 liquidation 4 faith 7 fast 10 blessings
4 had 9 knocked 2 assets 5 sins 8 blind
5 noted 10 had walked 3 debts 6 prayers 9 leaf

THAT’S ENGLISH! 173

Answer Key
SKILLS WORK (pages 52-53) Activity 8
Activity 1 a You can make a lot of money.
1 7 Buddhists follow the teachings of Buddha, but Buddha b You can lose a lot too.
is not a god. a You can be independent.
24 b You have to work long hours.
34 b The risks may be high.
4 7 Ösel Hita is an example of a Tibetan Buddhist Lama who a The profits may be greater.
was born in Spain. a The government wants to encourage entrepreneurs. The
EU provides loans too.
Activity 2
b You devote 100% of your time to your business.
1 The followers of Buddhism try to achieve enlightenment
a Owning a company gives you more satisfaction.
and true happiness.
a Hiring good employees is essential.
2 The way we have lived influences the creature we
reincarnate as. b The labour costs are high.
3 The Dalai Lama leads the Tibetan people spiritually and Activity 9
politically. Suggested answer:
4 The leader might be elected democratically and there Starting your own business can be both very risky and
might be a female Dalai Lama. an opportunity. For those who are daring, there are many
5 They need to choose the objects that belonged to the opportunities for an entrepreneur to be successful. Yet, there
deceased lama. are many people who would prefer to be employed by a
6 Ösel Hita lived in India when he was a child. company and not take the financial risk.
The main difficulties for people who start up their own
Activity 3a business are financial backing, the hours and finding good
1 a bomb that causes a tsunami employees. It is complicated to persuade a bank to give you
2 a secret service agent who might have injured JF Kennedy a loan, and without this loan, most people don’t have the
4 the location of the tomb of Jesus Christ money for the initial investment. In addition, those who run
5 the formula for Coca-Cola their own company work long hours and are often under great
pressure and stress. Hiring good employees is also essential
Activity 3b even though labour costs are very high.
Secret Where? When? Believable? As far as I’m concerned, in spite of all the risks and difficulties
tsunami bomb New in World yes of starting up a company, it would certainly be worth it. It gives
Zealand War II you personal satisfaction, the profits may be great, and what’s
more, nowadays the EU provides loans to new businesses.
Jesus’s tomb Jerusalem 2,000 years no
In summary, although there are drawbacks of starting up a
ago
business, I believe the benefits can often outweigh the risks.
Kennedy’s Dallas in the 60s yes
assassin
UNIT 5. THIS IS MY SPACE
Coca-Cola Atlanta nowadays yes
formula Sharing space (pages 54-55)
Activities 1a and 1b
Activity 4
1 b – an open-plan office – no personal space
Student’s own answers.
2 c – a spacious office – lots of personal space
Activity 5 3 a – a small airless office – no space to move
1 b, 2 a, 3 f, 4 c, 5 d, 6 e Activity 2
Activity 6 1 Because he thinks it will help increase productivity.
Suggested answer: 2 Because she can meet her colleagues and get around in
I started learning English when I was 14 years old. I absolutely her wheelchair more easily.
loved the idea of learning a new language. After a while, I felt Activity 3
I was learning a lot and was able to speak English quite well.
The reasons Danny is unhappy are: 1, 3 and 5
For instance, not only was I able to understand my teacher,
but I was even able to answer most of her questions. Then, I Activity 4
went to Milwaukee for a 3-week exchange and realised that I 1 4 Charles says in the old office there was no space to
couldn’t understand the native speakers nor could I speak to move and there wasn’t nearly enough air or light.
them. The turning point for me was when I met a very nice 2 7 Danny complains about the temperature being too high.
American friend who was very patient with me and made me He says that if it’s any more than twenty-one degrees he
realise that I would be able to learn the language one day. As a can’t concentrate.
result, I started speaking with more confidence. 3 4 Danny says that Malcolm’s desk is too small to hold all
As far as I’m concerned, it is very important to have an interest his possessions.
in learning a language and to be patient. However, a good 4 4 Mr Finchley says that there is just about enough space
teacher also helps. If I had a language school, I would make for a desk by the window.
sure that students got plenty of speaking practice and organise 5 7 Danny says he must have sent Maria about 50 emails
trips to English-speaking countries. but they had never met.
Activity 7 Activity 5
1 yet 3 On the other hand 5 On the other hand 1 spacious 3 airy and roomy 5 space to move
2 Although 4 moreover 6 However 2 takes up 4 airless 6 personal space

174 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 6 6 Dressed in a sari with a scarf over my head, I was completely
1 personal space 4 spacious (airy and roomy) anonymous.
2 takes up 5 airy and roomy (spacious) 7 I saw that we were in a small clean room painted bright
3 space to move blue. The walls were full of shelves packed with all the
owners’ possessions, tidily arranged to make the best use
Activity 7 of the limited space.
Suggested answer: 8 There was a cooking platform with an oil stove on it and
My bedroom is roomy and I like it because it is my own personal Sunlil’s family had a fridge and a TV set.
space and I don’t have to share it with anyone else. However,
Activity 4
there are things that I’m not happy about, for example, it’s not
very airy because it only has one small window. 1 We can’t exactly know why she is in Dharavi. She says
that dressed in a sari with a scarf on her head, she was
Activity 8 completely anonymous and would pass unnoticed,
1 Student’s own answers. but we can’t be completely sure that she is hiding from
2 All the speakers except one said that private space was someone.
important. 2 She says that the visits to the latrine would be her least
Activity 9a favourite part of her life in Dharavi, so she must have
spent several days there.
1 only 3 relax 5 connected
2 switch 4 private 6 bored Activity 5
Activity 9b 1 cramped 3 airless 5 Narrow
2 packed with 4 overcrowded 6 crammed
14
2 7 She says she thinks everyone needs their own space, Activity 6a
just to relax and wind down after a hectic day. To show what life is like for the people who live in Dharavi and
34 to let people know about the government’s plans to destroy it.
4 7 Andy says he hates staying in. Activity 6b
Activity 10a 1 waste 3 personal 5 make, use
1 annoys you 4 chill out 2 move 4 take up 6 made
2 for a short time 5 busy Activity 7
3 spending time at home 6 being by himself 1 cramped / overcrowded 5 use
Activity 10b 2 packed 6 cramped / overcrowded
1 get on your nerves 3 for a bit 3 made 7 taking up
2 wind down, be on my own 4 staying in, hectic 4 personal
Activity 11 Activity 8
Suggested answer: Student’s own answers.
I come from a big family so having my own personal space LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 58-59)
is really important to me. Although I like to spend time with
my family, there are times, especially if I’ve had a hectic day Activity 1
at work, when I just need to wind down and relax on my own. 2 c, 3 a, 4 b, 5 d, 6 e
I live on my own so I have my own private space and spend Help box – If, unless, in case, provided that…
a lot of time on my own. However, there are times when you s present s past
just don’t want to stay in and be on your own, and that is
when I go out with my friends. Activity 2a
helipad, temple, library, swimming pool, ballroom, banquet
READING (pages 56-57) hall, cinema, gym, ice room, roof terrace
Activity 1a
Activity 2b
1 e, 2 d, 3 c, 4 f, 5 a, 6 b
3 wouldn’t want 7 would have to 11 earns
Activity 2 4 shared 8 found out 12 shouldn’t
3 5 is 9 won’t tell, wouldn’t tell
Activity 3 6 uses 10 keep, kept
1 To reach the entrance to the slum, we had to go past a huge Activity 3
pile of rubbish and open toilets. The smell was terrible, far 1 spacious 4 poky, cramped, airless
stronger than anything I had experienced before.
2 tiny 5 roomy
2 There were no toilet facilities in the house because there
3 stuffy 6 well-ventilated, bright
was no municipal system to take away waste water. My
visits to the communal women’s latrine would be my least Activity 4
favourite part of my life. 1 far too small 4 much too short
3 I hurried after Sunlil. Provided that I was with him, I knew I 2 much more complicated 5 not all that expensive
would be safe. 3 not nearly advanced enough 6 slightly less warm
4 The population density is one of the highest in the world.
Activity 5
Half a million people live here, 12,000 people for every
4,000 square metres. 1 slightly colder 4 not nearly old enough
5 I had never been anywhere so overcrowded: the concept of 2 hardly qualified enough 5 much cheaper
personal space just doesn’t exist. 3 not nearly as difficult 6 far more spacious

THAT’S ENGLISH! 175

Answer Key
Activity 6a 5 7 If your image of house sharing is based on the American
1 far 3 slightly 5 much sitcom Friends, you’ll be disappointed.
2 nearly 4 that 64
Activity 7 Activity 3a
Student’s own answers. Dorcas Ramón
Live in a harmonious space (page 60) Country/City USA, Denver Spain, Barcelona
Activity 1a Location of suburbs old part of Barcelona
Student’s own answers building
Activity 1b Type of building house apartment
1 b, 2 c, 3 a Lives with Annika-roommate on his own

Activity 2 Activity 3b
1 You can improve your health and good fortune. Dorcas Ramón
2 She examines the earth energies to know they are in
Layout change take down walls no change
harmony with the client.
3 He invited Susie to assess his home because he never What they would hideous furniture / kitchen tiles
get rid of red carpet
seems to have enough money to spend to do things.
Money seems to go out faster than it comes in. What they would plants / indoor a lift
4 The first and most important principle of feng shui is to put in small fountain
clear your clutter (get rid of it). Style of furniture basic furniture, ultra modern
5 If our homes are full of clutter it holds us back in life. & décor traditional, light look, glass chairs
6 Wealth is not just about money, it’s also the wealth we feel wood and wooden and a leather
inside. floors, white or sofa, modern
7 Rupert learnt that there are earth energies, things that cream walls lighting system
move and you can block them. Activity 4
8 She feels she helps people in their life and to connect with
Suggested answer:
their space.
I live in a four-bedroom detached house in the suburbs
Activity 3 of Atlanta. The house is 20 years old and needs some
2 ,7 remodelling. To build my dream house, first of all I would
Activity 4 replace the small old windows with bigger and better
insulated ones. Not only would this give me more light,
1 a lot of 3 like 5 don’t usually worry
but it would make the house look more spacious. I would
2 value 4 like like the kitchen, dining room and living room to have an
Activity 5 open-plan layout. The furniture would be modern but
2 The Plassey cargo shipwreck is now one of Inisheer’s comfortable, and the floors would be made of dark wood.
most popular tourist attractions. I would paint the walls white and add colourful paintings.
The garden patio would have a place to barbecue, a large
Activity 6 picnic style table and a Jacuzzi to relax in after entertaining
14 friends.
2 7 Gaelic is the main language spoken on the island.
34
SPEAKING (pages 62-63)
4 7 It had almost been buried by sand. Activity 1
54 1 b, 2 b, 3 a, 4 b, 5 b, 6 b
64 Activity 2a
Activity 7 1 just what I was 6 put it that way
Suggested answer: 2 took the words 7 strongly recommend
The island of Lanzarote is not the smallest of the Canary 3 exactly the point 8 asking
Islands, but in my opinion it is the most beautiful because there 4 might be 9 wait and see
you can see some amazing things like live volcanoes and a 5 not entirely sure 10 worth
green lake. The people on the island are also very welcoming
Activity 3
and friendly towards tourists. The typical food is varied and
you have a sauce called mojo picón and it is delicious. I really 1 use 2 installing 3 turn off 4 buying
love Lanzarote and I hope to go back again soon. Activity 4
SKILLS WORK (page 61) 2 I would recommend installing underfloor heating. / I
would recommend that you install underfloor heating.
Activity 1
3 I suggest switching off the computers at night. / I suggest
Student’s own answers.
that you switch off the computers at night.
Activity 2 4 I recommend using this cleaning fluid. / I recommend that
14 you use this cleaning fluid.
2 7 House prices in general tend to be high. 5 I recommend painting everything white. / I recommend
3 7 Because there are lots of rich people who want to own that you paint everything white.
property there. 6 I suggest looking at design magazines. / I suggest that you
4 7 It’s affordable but not easy. look at design magazines.

176 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 5a Activity 7
Diana suggests turning the land into a city park. Suggested answer:
Bill suggests selling the land to developers. I remember once I bought an old second-hand car and that
Activity 5b was really throwing money down the drain. It broke down
the first week I had it and the repair cost me an arm and a
1 e, 2 a, 3 f, 4 c, 5 b, 6 d
leg! It was continuously breaking down and I finally had to
Activity 6a get rid of it.
Student’s own answers. Activity 8
Activity 6b Student’s own answers.
A: Personally, I think a new city centre car park is a waste of Activity 9a
the taxpayers’ money.
B: You took the words right out of my mouth. The last thing have never have complained on one regularly
we need is another car park. This would only mean more complained occasion or only occasionally complain
traffic in the city centre. Nadine Jude, Nip, Charlotte Ian, Peter, Jo
A: I hear what you’re saying. But on the other hand, it would
make it easier to park and more people could shop and Activity 9b
have lunch or dinner in the city centre. The shop and 1 Nadine thinks she should complain is some places about
restaurant owners would support this. the service and the food.
B: Well, I don’t disagree with what you’ve said, but I would 2 In restaurants if food isn’t cooked well or there’s a hair or
strongly recommend cutting off traffic in the city centre something in it.
and allowing only pedestrians. 3 They offered him the hot chocolate for free.
A: I think the worst option would be cutting off the traffic. I 4 Ian mainly complains in restaurants.
suppose the best option would be to wait and see what 5 Peter is always complaining about services in public places.
happens.
6 McDonald’s gave Charlotte a free meal.

UNIT 6. HOW CAN I HELP? Activity 10a

1 b, 2 a, 3 d, 4 e, 5 c
DIY – Do It Yourself – or not! (pages 64-65) Activity 10b
Activity 1 a moan (about something) to yourself c lodge a complaint
1 a leaking pipe / tap. I’d call a plumber. b point (something) out
2 a broken vacuum cleaner. I’d call a technician.
Activity 10c
Activity 2
1 points it out 3 moan about...themselves
1 Because he thinks he can mend it himself.
2 lodge a complaint
2 Because he thinks that Mr Riley, the landlord, will give
them the money for the plumber. Activity 11
Suggested answer.
Activity 3
I have never lodged a formal complaint because I find it
1 7 She said the supermarket was delivering the rest later.
really embarrassing to do that kind of thing. However, I am
2 4 (Karen told him about the leaking sink and Danny said thinking about lodging a complaint about the state of the
he knew about it and had called Mr Riley.)
recycling bins in my city. They are never cleaned and the
3 7 The first time he used the vacuum cleaner he was smell from these bins is absolutely disgusting.
covered in dust.
4 4 (She said they need to be properly sealed.) READING (pages 66-67)
5 7 He said he hates it when they don’t know anything about Activity 1a
what they are selling. Suggested answers:
Activity 4 1 repairing my car
1 Danny decides to get the sink fixed properly and so he 2 choosing my engagement ring
calls a plumber. 3 reading bedtime stories to my children
2 Danny hates it when you have to listen to all the options. 4 writing a difficult report
3 It keeps repeating the same message. Activity 1b
4 They have to be taken out and replaced. / They need to get Student’s own answers.
new pipes.
5 She left a generous tip because the service was excellent Activity 2a
and it wasn’t included in the bill. 2
6 They realise they might not get the money they paid to Activity 2b
the plumber from Mr Riley. 1 d, 2 g, 3 f, 4 e, 5 a, 6 c
Activity 5 Activity 3
The things that Mr Riley keeps promising to do but hasn’t 1 a, 2 b, 3 a, 4 a, 5 b, 6 a, 7 b, 8 a
done yet are: 1, 2, 4, 5.
Activity 4a
Activity 6
1 offers 3 isn’t 5 open 7 was
1 down the drain 4 a technician
2 opened 4 can’t 6 isn’t
2 broke down 5 leaking
3 fix / repair / mend ... herself Activity 4b
1 c, 2 a, 3 e, 4 b, 5 d, 6 f

THAT’S ENGLISH! 177

Answer Key
Activity 5 Activity 6
1 out of service 3 came into service 5 to be of service 1 are always helping 5 keep doing
2 at your service 4 in service 6 pay lip service 2 is always baking 6 is always barking
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 68-69) 3 keeps saying 7 keep forgetting
4 are always parking 8 is always saying
Activity 1a
2 Your offer will be considered. Activity 7
3 The game had been lost. 2 Speaker 1 SA Speaker 2 A
4 The project will have been finished. 3 Speaker 1 A Speaker 2 SA
5 The roof is going to be repaired. 4 Speaker 1 A Speaker 2 SA
6 The motor can be replaced. Activity 8a
Activity 1b police-plural youth-plural
2 The customers were offered a discount (by the shop). people-plural committee-singular
A discount was offered to the customers (by the shop). government-singular
3 The concierge has been given a bonus by the hotel manager. Activity 8b
A bonus has been given to the concierge by the hotel 1 was / were 3 have been 5 disagree 7 keeps
manager.
2 suffer 4 hasn’t / haven’t 6 worry
4 The winner will be presented with a medal by the judges.
A medal will be presented to the winner by the judges. Would you like to volunteer your time? (page 70)
5 Students can be given surprise exams (by their teachers). Activity 1
Surprise exams can be given to students (by their teachers). 1 They are volunteering to clean up the local area.
Activity 2 2 They are volunteering to help with elderly people.
Work has been started on the Crossrail project in London, 3 They are volunteering to help the environment by planting
which is one of the largest building projects in Europe. A trees.
huge tunnel has been designed which will run for 42 km 4 They are volunteering to help with disabled people.
from east to west and it is being excavated by eight huge Activity 2
machines. Travelling time for millions of commuters will be
1 b, 2 a, 3 c, 4 b, 5 a, 6 c
reduced in the future. The original tunnel had been proposed
in 1948 but it was not built due to lack of money. The tunnel Activity 3
will be opened in 2018 and by then, 5 million tonnes of earth Help for young school leavers isn’t mentioned.
will have been moved to Essex.
Activity 4
Activity 3a USA: childcare, unemployment benefits, care for the elderly
2 Canada: unemployment benefits, healthcare
Activity 3b Australia: old age pensions, help with rent, student loans,
1 7 Tony got the garden tidied up. healthcare
24 England: care for the elderly, care for the disabled
34 The people from Jamaica and India don’t mention any
4 7 The previous owner had it installed six months ago. specific social care.
54 Activity 5
6 7 Tony suggests that he and Sally can repaint the bedrooms. It takes about two hours to walk along the cliffs of Mohar
Help box – Causative have: to have /get something done and swimming and surfing are the most popular sports in
1 a, c 2 b, d Lahinch.

Activity 4 Activity 6
2 had / got it repaired 1 Because you will want to stop along the way to look at the
3 am having / getting my eyes tested spectacular views.
4 had / got the room decorated 2 She thinks they come to see the wonderful beauty of the
cliffs and the wildlife.
5 had / got her haired dyed
3 It was built as an observation point for visitors to the area.
6 have / get it cut
4 You get an amazing view.
7 had / got a new bathroom built
5 It took 320 million years for the different layers of rock to
8 are having / getting new windows installed
form the cliffs.
Activity 5a 6 You can see colonies of seabirds.
Conversation 1 7 Because it faces directly west into the Atlantic and so it
a holiday hotel b praising receives a lot of waves.
Conversation 2 8 Surfing has been popular for about 20 years.
a food in a restaurant b complaining 9 Because that is when they get the big waves.
Conversation 3
Activity 7
a flight b praising
Suggested answer:
Activity 5b There are so many famous landmarks in my country that
1 service highly enough 4 can’t stand it is difficult to pick one. La playa de la Concha is a very
2 perfect 5 absolutely popular destination and the Camino de Santiago has lots of
3 afraid, problem 6 best I’ve ever had famous landmarks all along the route.

178 THAT’S ENGLISH!

SKILLS WORK (page 71) someone. I was able to understand but he confused me more
Activity 1 than he helped me! After spending over €400 on this new
game, I cannot believe the poor service received. I cannot ask
automated call answer, delivery difficulties, unreliable
for a refund as I have promised this gift to my grandchildren.
repairmen, out-of-stock items
This situation is completely unacceptable. I am afraid I must
Activity 2 ask you to send a technician to install this game as soon as
1 d, 2 b, 3 a, 4 c possible. If not, I will be forced to take legal action.
Activity 3a Please do not hesitate to call me if you require further
3 information.
Yours faithfully,
Activity 3b
Mr Richard W. Banks
1 d, 2 a, 3 c, 4 b, 5 f, 6 e
Activity 4 UNIT 7. COMPETITION
Suggested answer:
I can’t stand it when customer service puts me on hold. After Stop being so competitive all the time! (pages 74-75)
finally being able to talk to a real person, they ask you to Activity 1
wait! I end up wasting a lot of time. It irritates me so much Student’s own answers.
that I often lose my temper and hang up. Then, I have to call
Activity 2
back later, only to go through the whole experience again.
1 He has a very competitive relationship with his brother.
WRITING (pages 72-73) 2 He says that his parents preferred Charlie and told Jason
Activity 1 that he should try to be more like him.
2 Activity 3
Activity 2 1 4He says, ’I thought you wouldn’t be able to beat me –
2, 3, 1 but you did’.
2 7 He says, ‘ When we were kids I could always beat him
Activity 3
pretty easily’.
1 Yours faithfully, Yours sincerely 3 shouldn’t
3 4He says, ‘I can’t let him win, he’s family’.
2 formal 4 impersonal
4 4He says he has to keep ahead of the game because he
Activity 4 doesn’t want a new boy taking his place.
2 I was told I could have a refund. 5 7 He thinks Charlie won because he (Jason) was tired
3 My husband was offered a reduction in price. because he’d done ten rounds of boxing that morning.
4 I was told (by the engineer) (that) the problem had been 6 4He says, ‘I bet they are thrilled’.
fixed. Activity 4
5 A complaint number was not provided by customer service. 1 The sun was in his eyes and he missed the shot.
6 The spare part has not been delivered. 2 He thought it was massive and he would have to work 24
7 My secretary was given a delivery date (by your sales hours a day to pay the mortgage on a house like that.
assistant). 3 Because his brother was the golden boy and didn’t have
8 The new supplies have already been ordered (by the to make an effort.
supply manager). 4 He said his new colleague was brilliant.
Activity 5 5 He was pleased and accepted the invitation.
1 c, 2 g, 3 a, 4 d, 5 h, 6 b, 7 e, 8 i, 9 f 6 Jess told Charlie that they were going to have twins.
Activity 6a Activity 5
1 unhappy with the complexity of the webpage and the 1 c, 2 a, 3 d, 4 b
customer service department
Activity 6
2 PlayStation too difficult to install, customer service not
1 make an effort 3 beat
answer phone, poor service received
2 over the moon 4 keep ahead of the game
3 call technician to have it installed
Activity 7
Activity 6b
Suggested answer:
Suggested answer:
I wouldn’t consider myself to be a really competitive person as
Dear Sir or Madam,
I don’t mind losing. I don’t really understand very competitive
Recently, I bought a Play Station 4 for when my grandchildren people; I think they get upset over nothing.
come to play at our house. I am writing to complain about
We live in a very competitive world, so it is very important to
the complexity of your webpage and the horrible customer
keep ahead of the game. People have to turn themselves into
service that was given over the phone.
products which they can sell to companies so they have to
I found it challenging to install the device so I consulted your invest in things like learning languages. They also have to get
webpage.There was not an option for ‘how to install your Play certificates to prove that they have learnt these languages!
Station’, so I clicked on ‘where can I get help?’ and a service
number was provided. First of all, no one answered the phone Activity 8
and I literally called over a seven-day period. Secondly, I could Student’s own answers.
not understand the person who was helping me and they
asked me to call back at another time. Finally, I did speak to

THAT’S ENGLISH! 179

Answer Key
Activity 9a Activity 5
Massively Darren Quite competitive Lauren 2 put me at a disadvantage 6 broke the record
competitive 3 throw in the towel 7 draw
Really Nadine Not particularly Alan 4 fair play 8 achieve a goal in life
competitive competitive 5 push us beyond our limits /
push people beyond their limits
Very Ian, Used to be Judy
competitive Peter, competitive Activity 6a
Charlotte Noun Verb Adjective
1perserverance 2persevere persevering
Activity 9b
1 Nadine thinks her husband is better. 3strictness strict
2 Lauren is competitive with other shops, making money endurance 4endure enduring
and meeting the targets. 5compete 6competitive
competition/competitor
3 Ian was very competitive with his twin brother. 7dedicate 8dedicated
dedication
4 Peter thinks he is very competitive because he is a triplet.
discipline discipline 9disciplined
5 Sport. Judy used to be competitive but just wants her team
to win now, but Charlotte is still competitive. 1 perseverance 4 endure 7 dedicate
Activity 10a 2 persevere 5 compete 8 dedicated
1 e, 2 c, 3 a, 4 d, 5 b 3 strictness 6 competitive 9 disciplined
Activity 10b Activity 6b
1 competitive 3 triplet 5 better 1 disciplined 3 persevering 5 dedicated
2 make … out of 4 constant competition 6 up top 2 compete 4 endured 6 strictest / the most strict
Activity 11 Activity 7
Suggested answer: Suggested answers:
I am massively competitive when I play tennis with my best 1. 2. I’d never learnt to drive when I was younger, my husband
friend Karen. She is a better player than me and usually beats always drove. Then one day, my husband had an accident
and couldn’t drive anymore. So, I had to learn. I was 60 years
me. So whenever I get the chance to beat her, I am over the
old and absolutely terrified. But I didn’t throw in the towel,
moon.
even though I had more than 100 driving lessons. It was one
I’m not very competitive with my brothers and sisters. I know of the proudest days of my life when I finally passed my test!
some people like to compete in things like who has the 3. 4. I used to play American football and we had a coach
biggest house and things like that, but I never really compare who pushed us beyond our limits. I was much smaller than
myself to my siblings. the other players and had a disadvantage when it came to
Some of my colleagues are very competitive.They are always tackling players. One day, the coach decided to make us do a
trying to go beyond the sales targets. I think that as long tackling drill. He put the biggest players against the smallest
as you do your job well then that should be enough. Why players. Many of the smaller players got injured and decided
complicate life for yourself? to quit the team. I think what the coach did was a bad thing
because it caused quite a few boys to stop playing football, a
READING (pages 76-77) game they really liked.
Activity 1
1 Japan 3 opponent 5 exhausting
LANGUAGE SKILLS (pages 78-79)
2 tournament, ring 4 competitive Activity 1a
1 break a record
Activity 2 2 get to the top of the ladder, team player
3 a magazine for people interested in Japanese culture 3 push us beyond our limits
Activity 3 4 has got what it takes, throws in the towel
1 is very tired and has hurt his shoulder 5 puts me at a disadvantage
2 very large meals and then rest Activity 2
3 disciplined 2 All students are required to arrive on time for class.
4 have to do a lot of cooking and housework 3 They had to practise for at least four hours a day.
5 is dedicated to sumo 4 He doesn’t need to / needn’t come if he doesn’t want to.
6 give up too easily 5 My daughter is allowed to watch TV only at the weekend.
Activity 4 6 We had to be team players.
1 10,000 calories Activity 3
2 a special dish sumo wrestlers eat to gain weight / seafood, 1 made me apologise 6 let you eat
meat and vegetables 2 make you wear 7 used to let me go
3 in order to gain weight 3 makes us work 8 let us go home, lets us
4 a kimono 4 was made to eat 9 were allowed to
5 Rikishi need perseverance to achieve a goal in life, will 5 were made to leave
power, and a good heart to succeed. Activity 4
6 Coaches are strict and this is their gift to their students. It 1 We’re allowed to go out at the weekend.
makes them strong. 2 My brother doesn’t let me ride his bike.

180 THAT’S ENGLISH!

3 He was allowed to stay up late last night. Scotland football
4 Their boss won’t make them work overtime.
India cricket
5 My athletics coach used to make / made me train every day.
6 They didn’t let us leave the building. Activity 4
Activity 5 1 fantastic achievements 3 They are quite big fanatics.
2 couldn’t 4 could 6 couldn’t 2 swimming 4 a religion
3 was finally able to 5 being able 7 was able to Activity 5
Activity 6 1 c, 2 a, 3 b
2 couldn’t / wasn’t able to 6 will be able to / are able to Activity 6a
3 have been able to 7 was able to 1 Gaelic football, 4 hurling
4 can / are able to 8 could / was able to
Activity 6b
5 can / are able to
All topics are mentioned except number 7, battles.
Activity 7a
Activity 6c
1 That was fantastic, keep going! Don’t give up.
1 crisis 3 battle 5 sea 7 kill
2 Well done, team! That was great stuff!
2 island 4 magical place 6 storm 8 names
3 You really deserved that promotion. Good for you!
4 Good try! Activity 7
5 Never mind, better luck next time. Suggested answer:
There are many types of festivals in my country. I think
Activity 7b the most unusual one is the Tomatina which takes place
1 Never mind, better luck next time. 2 Good try! in Buñol, a village located in Valencia. It’s a tradition that
Activity 8 happens on the last Wednesday of August – just in the
1 fairly 3 rather 5 not all that middle of the week when the whole town celebrates and
eats paella (typical food from the area). The day of the
2 pretty 4 exceptionally 6 extremely
Tomatina, everybody is ready at 11:00 a.m. to start battle.
Activity 9 People put on their goggles and start throwing tomatoes,
Suggested answers: which are brought from Extremadura, at each other. The fun
2 I used to think everybody could speak English. I never ends an hour later with the water cannons which indicate
understood why some people never answered me when that nobody is allowed to throw any more tomatoes. The
I spoke to them. Then my mum explained that they were Tomatina has become so popular that if you want to join it,
from different countries and spoke different languages. you have to pay 10€ a ticket. It’s still worth it.
3 When I was younger, I couldn’t pronounce my R’s correctly. SKILLS WORK (page 81)
Everyone used to make fun of me and imitate me. It really
Activity 1
made me angry.
Student’s own answers.
4 Once in my life I was unable to go downstairs to the
basement of my house. I was terrified that there was Activity 2a
someone down there waiting to kidnap me. Kostas won a reality TV show called Watching You.
5 Despite being quite poor when I first started working, I was Activity 2b
able to rent a flat, pay all my utility bills and buy a second-
14
hand car. All of this with just £1000.
24
Everyone should have a go! (page 80) 3 7 He won because he didn’t do this.
Activity 1 4 7 He won 180,000.
Gurning is the act of pulling the silliest face possible and at 5 7 His friendship with Kristos was what made it possible
the same time wearing an old horse collar known as a braffin. for him to stay.
Activity 2 6 7 He thinks his life is now like it was before he took part in
14 Watching You.
24 Activity 3a
3 7 The Lord of the Manor would give the peasants apples The writer’s attitude to reality TV is negative. He / She
as part of their wages. describes reality TV shows as involving a ‘high degree of
4 7 He started to compete in the gurning championships competitiveness’ and ‘the opportunity for revenge’ neither
because his father was the World Champion. of which are particularly socially positive attributes.
54 Activity 3b
64 1 Contestants have to do tasks or challenges and vote to
74 decide which person has to leave the show.
8 7 Over the years the prizes have tended to change. 2 Regular viewers of reality TV shows tend to have
competitive personalities and place a high value on
Activity 3
revenge. They also have a desire for status or prestige.
USA swimming, basketball, American football 3 The author believes reality TV shows are popular because
South Africa rugby, cricket it lets ordinary people win and become stars.
Ireland boxing Activity 4
Canada winter sports Suggested answer:
In my opinion, reality TV shows are the lowest form of
Australia cricket, swimming entertainment.They reflect the worst values of our society and

THAT’S ENGLISH! 181

Answer Key
encourage people to behave badly simply in order to be on TV 5 no regrets and happy it happened
and have their fifteen minutes of fame. I hate Big Brother, for 6 do the same if it happened again
example. I can’t relate to people whose goal in life is just to be
Activity 6b
a contestant on a programme where privacy is not a right and
conflict is valued. What do people do there? Sitting around all Suggested answer:
day long! The most competitive situation I’ve ever been in was when
Besides, I have always believed they are a sneaky way to I was at high school. There was this guy in my class who
keep society ignorant of current political and social issues. was my rival. We were both good at football and liked the
Citizens could be better informed if more talk shows were same things but unfortunately we didn’t like each other!
broadcasted instead of so much trashy TV. In my opinion, Anyway, one day, we were competing for the same position
these kinds of programmes do not set a good example for on the team, and this guy kicked me on the knee as hard as
society and I’d be glad if production companies stopped he could. The worst thing was the pain. I couldn’t walk for
investing money in them. about 10 minutes. That was dirty. I got very angry when he
crossed the line and we were not on speaking terms during
SPEAKING (pages 82-83) the term. However, one day, the best thing happened. This
Activity 1 guy apologised for his behaviour. I accepted his apology
Student’s own answers. and we started a friendship that has lasted ever since then.
We became best mates.
Activity 2a
Looking back on it now, I’m glad this happened to me. It
1 professional 4 overvalued was a lesson that has helped me cope with competitive
2 didn’t try hard enough 5 the way he’s treated people colleagues I’ve met during my professional life. At the time,
3 Patricia I was furious but now I can see the bright side of things.
Activity 2b
1 had, been 5 hadn’t been UNIT 8. A GOOD READ
2 should have, should have 6 would have made Ghost stories (pages 84-85)
3 shouldn’t 7 regret treating Activity 1
4 would, have
Student’s own answers.
Activity 3a
Activity 2
2 had worked 5 not asking / not having asked
1 To investigate the story about the ghost in room 6.
3 hadn’t said 6 should have realised
2 The murdered woman and her killer.
4 hadn’t been
Activity 3
Activity 3b
1 second 5 wedding
Suggested answers:
2 been after midnight 6 a man was arrested for the crime
1 I wish / If only I hadn’t told Michael my true feelings.
3 moaning 7 write a best-seller
He wasn’t interested in me and now I get embarrassed
whenever I see him. 4 had read a lot of
ghost stories
2 I regret not persevering with my degree. Finding a job is
totally impossible. Activity 4
3 I regret breaking my boyfriend’s heart but I fell in love with 1 She woke up and lay in bed for a long time listening.
Adam and nothing could have stopped me from leaving 2 Because she was scared to move.
Peter. 3 Colin confessed that he had played a recording outside
4 I shouldn’t have lied to Mary. It was a white lie but she’s Karen’s door.
got a different point of view and says she doesn’t want to 4 The landlady said that the killer was apparently in prison
be best friends anymore. when he told the story.
5 I wish I had accepted that job in England. Now I would be 5 Because his car had run out of petrol.
more fluent in English. 6 The man whose car had run out of petrol (the killer).
6 If only I had been brave enough to speak my mind! My
situation is very unfair. Activity 5
1 were sent 4 were murdered 7 carrying
Activity 4b
2 help 5 is haunted 8 moaning / whispering
1 sales 3 attacked 6 has been seen 9 moaning / whispering
2 people helped each other
3 a temporary replacement for Alison Activity 6
4 Patricia’s contacts and sales region Suggested answer:
5 had fought harder On the corner of Alcalá Street is the Palacio de Linares which
is supposedly haunted by the ghost of a little girl called
Activity 5a Raimunda. Apparently the son of the Marquis of Linares fell
1 time 3 opportunity 5 guess 7 back in love with and married a poor girl from the area of Lavapiés.
2 anyway 4 turned out 6 cut, short The son later discovered that this girl was in fact his half sister.
Legend says that the parents murdered the daughter they had
Activity 6a
and bricked her body up behind a wall because they didn’t
Suggested answers: want anyone to know about her. To this day the daughter can
1 at high school be heard crying and singing children’s songs in the Palacio de
2 a boy from my class and myself Linares (now known as the Casa de America).
3 the physical pain and the boy apologising to me Activity 7
4 We became friends. Student’s own answers.

182 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 8a Activity 7a
1 Nip and Lauren prefer to read non-fiction. 1 setting 3 screen play 5 plot 7 genre
2 Ruth and Andy prefer to read fiction. 2 main characters 4 theme 6 sequel 8 series
3 Karen reads both fiction and non-fiction. Activity 7b
Activity 8b Student’s own answers.
1 7 He reads non-fiction to help him get information which LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 88-89)
he can use in pub quizzes.
Activity 1
24
34 2 b, 3 e, 4 g, 5 a, 6 h, 7 f, 8 c
4 7 She likes things with a good story. Help box – Modals for speculation in the past
54 by the perfect infinitive
Activity 9a Activity 2a
Student’s own answers. 1 can’t’ve 3 might have 5 couldn’t’ve
Activity 9b 2 must have 4 could’ve 6 mustn’t’ve
1 e, 2 c, 3 a, 4 d, 5 b Activity 2b
Activity 9c 1 He can’t’ve lost his job.
1 true life events 3 like 5 lose ... in 2 She must’ve been very tired.
2 particularly 4 pretty 3 I think we might’ve missed the last bus.
4 My sister could’ve helped me more.
Activity 10
5 They couldn’t’ve left already.
1 just 3 images 5 been 6 You mustn’t’ve understood properly.
2 loved 4 colourful 6 ever
Activity 3
Activity 11
2 He must have stolen the money.
Suggested answer: 3 They might / could / may have been hiding in the library.
My favourite book from my childhood is Struwwelpeter. It’s 4 He can’t have asked her to marry him.
a book of poems written at the end of the 19th century. I like
5 You might / could / may have seen a ghost.
it because it is a wonderful book with amazing pictures and
it is also very funny. I used to read it with my sister and then 6 They can’t have been travelling by train.
when I had children of my own I read it to them. Apparently, 7 The suitcases might / could / may have gone to another
the book is not allowed in public libraries because it is too airport.
scary for children, but I think it’s a great way to teach kids 8 He can’t have gone to the show, he hasn’t got any money.
about the dangers in life. The book has been translated into Activity 4
many languages, even Basque and Catalan. In Spanish it is
2 heard, the storm had wrecked the house.
called Pedro Melenas.
3 had been travelling, the police caught him.
READING (pages 86-87) 4 had been going on, had given birth to a baby in secret.
Activity 1a 5 went up, had warned, snow had been falling for days.
1 a, 2 c, 3 d, 4 b, 5 e, 6 f 6 got, had finished, everybody was leaving.
Activity 1b Activity 5a
Student’s own answers. 1 was floating 4 had pulled / pulled 7 wondered
Activity 2a 2 grabbed 5 groaned 8 had travelled
The author wants to produce a gothic novel. 3 was breathing 6 had been lying 9 had survived
Activity 2b Activity 5b
1 f, 2 c, 3 d, 4 e, 5 a, 6 b 2 because the fisherman would have been wearing a
lifejacket and they would have heard a message for help
Activity 3 from the fisherman’s boat.
1 gloomy 3 steep 5 shivered
Activity 6a
2 slammed 4 gust of wind 6 uneasy
1 at this point 5 several years ago
Activity 4 2 all of a sudden 6 eventually
a 7 The writer assumes the reader has seen gothic novels 3 It all happened when 7 for ages
before.
4 after a while
b4
c 7 The writer travels to a cottage in the north of England. Activity 6b
d4 Suggested answer:
e 7 The rain had stopped. Several months ago, I had the worst week of my life. On that
day I lost my job, my boyfriend and my best friend! It all started
Activity 5 when we decided to go on holiday together several years ago.
5, 3, 6, 8, 1, 7, 4, 2 We’d all been working very hard for ages and needed a break,
Activity 6a so we went to the countryside for a long weekend. All of a
sudden, I got an unexpected phone call from my boss. To my
Student’s own answers.
surprise, he told me that the company was in financial trouble
Activity 6b and that I was being made redundant. At this point I wanted
Option 2 some comforting so I went to find my boyfriend and my best

THAT’S ENGLISH! 183

Answer Key
friend. They told me that they would be in the bar so I decided SKILLS WORK (page 91)
to go there. After a while, I got to the bar, and I couldn’t believe Activity 1
what I saw. My boyfriend and best friend were kissing! I had
not only lost my job, but my best friend and boyfriend as well. 1

Activity 7 Activity 2
1 autobiographies 4 author 7 hardback 1 The ideal number of people in the group is a maximum of
12 people.
2 cover 5 royalty 8 paperbacks
2 Keep it simple and get everyone to bring some food to
3 best-seller 6 publishers 9 blurb
share.
Let me tell you a story (page 90) 3 Find a way to agree on a reading list that includes
Activity 1 suggestions from everyone.
Nobody really knows the age of the Giant. There are several Activity 3a
theories as to why he might be here and when he was drawn. 4
Activity 2 Activity 3b
6 The woman says that she thinks people don’t mind the 1 c, 2 a, 3 b, 4 b
giant at all.
Activity 3c
Activity 3
it made me think, I couldn’t put it down, unconventional, a
New Zealand: Katherine Mansfield, Keri Hulme, The Bone real page-turner, moving
People
USA: Jack Kerouac, On the Road, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Activity 4
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Suggested answer:
Canada: Alice Munro, L.M. Montgomery, Anne of Green The last book I read was The Book Thief by Australian author
Gables Markus Zusak. I’d seen the film and found it very moving and
Australia: Banjo Peterson, Henry Lawson, Waltzing Matilda emotional, so when I saw the book in an airport bookshop,
I knew I had to read it! Anyway, it’s about a girl, Liesel, who
Scotland: Robert Burns
lives in Nazi Germany during the WW II era. She has lost her
Activity 4 brother and is living with a foster family. She doesn’t know
1 She won the Booker Prize and the book was about Maori how to read, but one day, she finds a book on her brother’s
and European culture in New Zealand. grave. A neighbour friend of hers teaches her how to read
2 The Beat Generation was about the search for and she becomes an obsessive reader. But in times of war,
independence and freedom of expression. there are many threats and the lives of Liesel and her family
3 It helped to abolish slavery. and friends will change forever. I would definitely recommend
4 The Nobel prize for literature. reading this book because it is full of historical facts and the
plot is both powerful and moving.
5 They wrote about the outlaws, the Australian settlers and
the Australian outback. WRITING (pages 92-93)
6 He dedicated a poem to a haggis. (A type of food which Activity 1
is made from the insides of a sheep, it tastes a bit like Student’s own answers.
Spanish morcilla.)
Activity 2
Activity 5
1 Bilbo: reluctant hero; Gandalf: a wise, elusive wizard
The following authors are Irish: James Joyce, Samuel
Beckett , Edna O’Brien, Jonathan Swift, Oscar Wilde, Brendan 2 It is pure escapist entertainment and it has a positive
Behan, Bram Stoker, William Butler Yeats, JP Donleavy and message of loyalty and friendship.
George Bernard Shaw. 3 A Most Wanted Man is a thriller.
4 Seymour Hoffman’s performance is extremely convincing
Activity 6
and totally believable.
1 7 It mainly features writers who are dead but they are
collecting portraits of writers who are living. Activity 3
24 The Hobbit
34 Paragraph 1 b, d, f, g
4 7 The novel follows the lives of two characters.
Paragraph 2 a, h
5 7 He used the tower (and the characters that were with
him) as the basis for the opening chapter. Paragraph 3 b, c, e

Activity 7 Activity 4
Suggested answers: 1 f, 2 f / b, 3 f, 4 b, 5 f, 6 f, 7 f / b, 8 b
A: I can think of a number of great Spanish writers. One Activity 5
is Miguel de Cervantes who wrote Don Quixote* and
1 disappointing 3 crucial 5 complicated
another is the great playwright Lope de Vega. There are
also many great writers who are still alive, for example 2 heartbreaking 4 unconvincing 6 spellbinding
Javier Marías, who many people think will win the Nobel Activity 6c
Prize for Literature in the near future. Suggested answer:
B: Have you read contemporary poetry? It’s by far the best. Lucy, a science fiction movie directed by Luc Besson, starts
In my spare time, I love reading José Manuel Caballero out as a fun action film taking place in Taiwan. Its futuristic
Bonald’s lines while drinking a hot cup of tea. You should setting and box office favourite actors make the film extremely
have a go at reading poetry! exciting at first. Lucy is a young woman who is kidnapped
* English speakers know El Quijote as Don Quixote.

184 THAT’S ENGLISH!

and forced to become a human mule. The drug leaks into her Activity 10a
system and causes her to be able to use 100% of her brain 1 c, 2 d, 3 a, 4 b
capacity, which she uses to get back at her kidnappers.
Activity 10b
Although this twist in the plot looked promising, Scarlett
1 atrocious, entrepreneurs 3 push (those) boundaries further
Johansson does nothing to make you connect with her
character and the use of repetitive scientific gibberish to 2 stay-at-home dads
develop a story line becomes boring. Morgan Freeman is not Activity 11
any better and adds nothing to the film. Suggested answer:
I felt fascinated by Scarlett Johansson’s role and the possibility As I’m a man, I’ve never felt discriminated against for gender
of being able to imagine what it would be like to use 100% of reasons, but my sister was really left behind in her previous
your brain, but terribly disappointed by the acting of both the job. She was doing great and her boss was happy with her
male and female star actors and the weak plot.I think younger until a new colleague, a man, was hired to collaborate in the
people will really enjoy this sci-fi film. However, most adults department. He had no experience in the field but quickly
will probably find it absurd and ridiculous. One thing for sure got into a higher-level position because he was available for
is that it will leave nobody indifferent. You will either love it work 24 hours a day. Of course, my sister, a mother of three,
or hate it. wasn’t and so she wasn’t promoted. Obviously, her boss
was not for gender parity.
UNIT 9. THE GENDER GAP READING (pages 96-97)
It is okay for girls to be boxers, isn’t it? (pages 94-95) Activity 1a
Student’s own answers.
Activity 1
Student’s own answers. Activity 1b
2
Activity 2
1 Lesley has chosen boxing because she’s good at it and Activity 2
enjoys it and Nick in order to defend himself. 3
2 She tells her not to worry about what other people say Activity 3
and to walk away from trouble. 1 7 Gender identity is closely linked to a person’s role in the
Activity 3 family.
1 bullying 3 wrong with 5 judging 2 7 Sometimes, parents believe a child has been born with
the fa’afafine spirit and is naturally drawn towards more
2 stand up 4 stays in 6 guys feminine behaviour.
Activity 4 3 7 Some fafas find the experience very enjoyable even
1 Lesley thinks the other girls want to be models, actors or though they later decide to live as men in adulthood.
air hostesses. 4 4 It’s important that we understand fa’afafine within the
2 They will get into trouble. matriarchal cultural context of Samoa.
3 They were not nice, unkind and sexist. 5 4 We did it because in Afghanistan society looks down on
4 Because they will ruin everything. people who have no son,
6 7 In Afghanistan, this is an old tradition known as bacha
5 Nick thinks Eve is just jealous of Lesley.
posh which began centuries ago to protect girls from
Activity 5 attacks by invaders.
1 d, 2 c, 3 a, 4 b, 5 e 7 7 Although human rights campaigners are critical of the
tradition, it is very popular among Afghan women.
Activity 6
8 7 Many women revelled in the freedom they had when
1 real 3 put (her) down 5 standing up for
they lived as boys and want to give their daughters
2 laughed at 4 sexist the same opportunity. However, few ask the important
Activity 7 question behind it all. When will girls have the same
Suggested answer: freedom as boys without denying their identity?
I get really angry when people behave in a sexist way. I also Activity 4
hate it when people use sexist language. I don’t think there 1 B, 2 A, 3 S, 4 A, 5 S, 6 A, 7 S, 8 A, 9 S
is any room for these things in our society today. Everyone Activity 5
should be treated equally regardless of sex, race or age.
1 d, 2 f, 3 b, 4 c, 5 a, 6 e
Activity 8
Activity 6
Student’s own answers. 1 looking to 3 looked at 5 look up to
Activity 9a 2 looking up 4 looked down on 6 looked on
1 Charlotte 2 Jude 3 Peter Activity 7
Activity 9b I look up to those who stand up for what they believe is right.
14 It is important to take a stand and defend it. I look down on
2 7 She thinks that it is nice because that seems to be those who bully others. It is not right to bully people and
changing at the moment. bullies should be punished for it.
34 Unfortunately, I think the situation for gender equality is
not looking up in my country. There is still a large difference
44 in salaries between men and women, and there are very
5 7 He thinks that women are in second place but that it few women in upper-management. I think we should have
shouldn’t be like that. demonstrations to improve the situation, and I regret just
64 looking on and not doing anything about it.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 185

Answer Key
LANGUAGE STUDY (pages 98-99) 6 A doctor will always respect their patients’ secrets.
Activity 1 7 Humans face / Humankind faces great danger from
2 There was such a big crowd that I didn’t see the Queen. bacteria resistant to antibiotics.
3 It was so wet that the football pitch flooded. Activity 7
4 Lily seemed so unhappy that the teacher asked her to stay 1 matriarchal 4 institution 7 geographic
behind. 2 patriarchal 5 exception 8 demographic
5 There was such a lot of noise from the neighbour’s party 3 frustration 6 revelation
that we couldn’t sleep.
6 It was such a big problem getting a licence that we had to Activity 8
cancel the event. 1 chair 3 so 5 looked at 7 such
Activity 2 2 looking to 4 their 6 look up to
2 was the place 4 had he lied 6 is the importance Gender discrimination (page 100)
3 was the wind 5 was he 7 did she arrive Activity 1
Activity 3 Student’s own answers.
2 So long had we waited that we gave up hope. Activity 2
3 Such difficulty had they / did they have starting the car 14
that they called a taxi.
2 7 Thankfully, men have it much easier than women just
4 Such a bad experience had she / did she have that she
because there aren’t that many.
never went there again.
5 So ill was he that the doctors thought he would die. 34
6 So valuable were the jewels that they were kept under 4 7 Figures from the Office for National Statistics show how
guard 24 hours a day. gender inequality exists in the UK.
7 So exhausted were we that we went to bed without 54
undressing. 64
Activity 4a 7 7 She has already set up her garage.
Conversation 1 84
1 The speakers are at a café. Activity 3
2 They are grandmother and granddaughter. New Zealand 3 South Africa 6 Australia 2
Conversation 2 USA 1 Ireland 5 Jamaica 4
1 The speakers are at a meeting. Activity 4
2 They are members of a committee. Suggested answer:
Activity 4b I think there are some similarities between Irish and flamenco
1 actor 4 chair 7 server dancing. Both are very traditional dances and the dancers
2 flight attendant 5 firefighter 8 spokesperson need to practise for many years to learn how to master the
3 manager 6 police officer dance. Not only are specific dresses used by both, but the foot
movements are also similar; shuffle and sharp movements. I
Activity 4c
believe, however, that flamenco dancing is more difficult and
1 chair 4 server 7 manager demands a higher technical training.
2 police officer 5 actor 8 flight attendant
3 firefighters 6 spokesperson Activity 5
1 Claddagh rings are often given as friendship, engagement
Help box – Questions for effect: Rhetorical questions
and weddings and they are worn by both men and women.
2
2 It was built as part of a wall to protect the city from flooding.
Activity 5 3 It used to be a dock for Spanish and French ships.
2 Would he ever learn to change his ways? 4 It is known as ‘Ireland’s Cultural Heart’ because of its
3 What adventures lie ahead? strong connection with the Irish language and with its
4 Who would look after it after she had gone? music, song and dance traditions.
5 Will they ever happen? 5 You can see traditional Irish music, song and dance.
6 Do I have to tell you the same thing again and again? 6 They hear the music in the taps.
Activity 6a 7 The girls have to be very elegant and stylish.
a He and his were favoured due to the patriarchal nature of 8 Sharp means that they have to move their foot up and
English in the past. down really fast.
b They, them and their, humans and humankind are Activity 6
preferred today due to a growing revelation in society of
the need for greater equality. Legally, men and women in Spain have equal rights, but in
reality many women receive a lower salary for doing the same
Activity 6b job as a man. Also it is very difficult for women to get to the
2 If a candidate disagrees with the result they may appeal top. There are almost no women on the Boards of Directors in
within one month. many of the top companies so there is still a long way to go
3 Anyone who has not brought their ID, cannot take the before we could say that women are equal to men.
exam today.
4 Please, will everyone return to their seats. SKILLS WORK (page 101)
5 The customer should be told at the beginning how much Activity 1
they will need to pay. Student’s own answers.

186 THAT’S ENGLISH!

Activity 2a Activity 4a
1 themselves 2 balanced Gordon: what, that, not
Activity 2b Jess: women who, not

Type of brain Advantages Disadvantages Activity 4b

They use it to make the point more emphatic.
Male Focused on tasks Want to prove they
and good at are right and go on Activity 5
problem solving the attack. 2 It’s who you know that’s important, not what you know.
Less aware of how 3 It was meeting his wife that changed him most.
other people feel and 4 It’s the best singer who should win the competition, not
are poor listeners. the prettiest.
Female Good at Find it difficult to 5 It’s my boss that needs to work harder, not me.
communicating and make hard decisions Activity 6a
being supportive. and stick to them
or voice unpopular Student’s own answers.
Good at creating
strong groups and ideas. Activity 6b
working as a team. A: As far as I’m concerned, it doesn’t matter whether boys
Balanced Aware of people’s x play with guns and girls play with dolls or vice versa.
feelings as well B: Sorry, Can I just stop you there? I think it’s important for
as being able to each one to learn to behave as society wants them to.
be decisive and A: Hang on a minute. I can’t agree with you on that. It’s the
assertive children who should decide what they want to play with
and how to interact with each other, not society.
Activity 3 B: Well, you’ve got a point, but I’m afraid I wouldn’t want
Suggested answer: my son to play with dolls.
According to the quiz, I have a mostly female brain, and I A: Well, I think we need to be more understanding. It’s what
agree I’m good at understanding others and social situations. your child is comfortable with, not you.
I think I’m aware of how people are feeling and I try to make
them feel comfortable and accepted. I am very good at
communicating and expressing my feelings and this helps
REVISION 2
people to feel more relaxed and to fit in more easily. On the LANGUAGE REVISION (pages 104-105)
other hand, I must say that when an important decision needs
Activity 1
to be made, I often hesitate and it takes me a long time to
decide. It is sometimes quite difficult for me to focus on one 1 was made 10 killed
task for a long time too. I think I’m much better multi-tasking. 2 protecting / to be protected 11 refuse
3 were smoking / had been smoking 12 threatening
SPEAKING (pages 102-103) 4 was forced 13 put
Activity 1 5 escape 14 escaped
Suggested answer: 6 be taken 15 have killed
A: Well, I think men and women have achieved equality in 7 were 16 told
society.
8 had told 17 would / ’d receive
B: Sorry, but I don’t agree at all.
9 had murdered
A: Come on! We now share chores at home and we bring
up our children as women do. Activity 2
B: Oh, you’ve got a point in what you are saying, but there is 2 I wish / If only I hadn’t drunk too / so much.
a long way to go to get equality in our professional lives. 3 I wish / If only I had been able to work.
A: Don’t you think gender parity exists? 4 I wish / If only my husband hadn’t left me.
B: No! The number of women holding positions of power is 5 I wish / If only I had (some) confidence.
much lower than the number of male bosses. 6 I wish / If only my children wanted to see me.
A: Yes, that’s true. I guess I agree with you. Activity 3
Activity 2 2 I shouldn’t have told the lawyer where the body was.
1 The use of gender neutral terms like ‘bartender’. 3 I should have moved the body earlier.
2 important – Jess: ridiculous – Gordon: fairly important – 4 I should have killed Mark when I had the chance.
Adam 5 I shouldn’t have trusted my partners.
Activity 3a Activity 4
1 a, 2 b, 3 c, 4 b, 5 c 1 really 3 slightly 5 lip 7 nearly 9 their
Activity 3b 2 takes 4 quite 6 throw 8 too
1 a You’ve certainly got a point, but… Activity 5
b I can see where you’re coming from, but.. 1 The boys were not nearly old enough to be smoking.
2 c What’s the point of it? 2 I can’t praise Mark highly enough.
d How else can we show … 3 We can’t stand the police threats.
3 e Hang on a minute. 4 The problem was much more complicated than I expected.
f Sorry, can I just stop you there? 5 Well done, everyone. That was great!

THAT’S ENGLISH! 187

Answer Key
Activity 6 A: You have a point, but if no one complains then nothing
1 not paying / not having paid 6 did the story become will change in the future.
2 asking 7 taking / you take B: You may be right.
3 has been asked 8 what you think that Activity 5
4 it 9 have found Suggested answer:
5 the workers take 10 must have Last summer, I decided that I needed a new phone. My old
Activity 7 phone wasn’t a smartphone and I really wanted to have
Internet and all the other options that new phones have.
1 to 3 on 5 up 7 to 9 at / over
I bought the phone online because I thought it would be
2 of 4 in 6 out 8 at 10 on cheaper. When the delivery arrived, I was really excited, but
Activity 8a then I opened the package and found that the phone was
1 matriarchal 4 competitors 7 cheerful already broken. I was so angry! I immediately tried to call
2 endurance 5 photographic 8 spacious the company I ordered the phone from, but, as usual, I only
3 dedication 6 airless 9 attendants got a recorded message. I’ve written several emails, but I
haven’t had a reply. Next time I’ll buy a phone from a shop. I
Activity 8b regret buying something I thought was a bargain.
1 matriarchal 4 competitors 7 cheerful Activity 6a
2 endurance 5 photographic 8 spacious 1-9, 2-7, 3-6, 4-8, 5-10
3 dedication 6 airless 9 attendants
Activity 6b
Activity 9
2 c, 3 a, 4 c, 5 a, 6 b, 7 a, 8 b, 9 a, 10 a, 11 c Formal Informal
I look forward to your Hope to hear from you soon.
SKILLS WORK (pages 106-107) response.
Activity 1 I am extremely dissatisfied I am totally unhappy with
1 D, 2 C, 3 A, 4 B with the product I was sold. the stuff I bought.
Activity 2 I’m writing to inform you I want to tell you about
1 A, 2 A,C, 3 B,D, 4 A, 5 C, 6 B,D, 7 C, 8 A of an incident that occurred what happened yesterday.
yesterday.
Activity 3a
nanny, beautician, security guard, soldier, pilot and bus driver I was told that I could have You said I’d get my money
a refund. back.
Activity 3b
I would ask you to refund I want my money back.
14 my purchase.
2 7 Around 24% of the people who answered the survey
thought men shouldn’t be able to work as a beautician. Activity 7a
3 7 Steve thinks women should be able to work as a pilot. Paragraph 1 – 2, 6, 7 Paragraph 3 – 5
44 Paragraph 2 – 1, 3, 4
54 Activity 7b
6 7 Steve doesn’t think Angela drives badly. Suggested answer:
7 7 Angela isn’t any better at housework than Steve. She is Dear Sirs,
faster.
I am writing to inform you about a number of problems
Activity 4a that I had while I was staying at your hotel last week. I was
1 D, 2 O, 3 O, 4 O, 5 A, 6 D, 7 A, 8 O, 9 D, 10 A travelling on business and stayed two nights.
Activity 4b Firstly, when I arrived at the hotel the receptionist was talking
on the phone. He kept me waiting for 15 minutes until he
1 had finished his conversation. When I could finally check in
A: I would agree with the first statement. Men are more he did not apologise and was quite rude. Then, I found that
aggressive, aren’t they? my room had not been cleaned. There were papers on the
B: You may be right, but in my experience women can be floor and one of the towels had clearly been used by another
very competitive too, especially about their families. guest. I asked for a clean towel, but I wasn’t given one until
A: That’s true. And when I watch women’s tennis, I see the the following day. In addition, I asked for an alarm call in the
players are very determined to win! morning, but the receptionist clearly forgot, so I was late for
an important meeting I had the next day.
2
I feel that this is unacceptable service from a 5-star hotel and
A: From my point of view, the participants have volunteered
request a refund as soon as possible.
to take part, so they know what is going to happen.
I look forward to your response.
B: I don’t disagree with what you say, but sometimes I think
the presenters or judges are too hard. Personally, I don’t Yours faithfully,
enjoy watching people who are upset. Marianne Fedigan
A: You are right. Neither do I.
3 EXAM STRATEGIES
A: What do you think is the best thing to do if you aren’t READING COMPREHENSION I: Multiple choice
happy with a service? (page 108)
B: Well, the fact is that you can’t always accept bad service
without saying anything, but sometimes complaining Activity 1a
doesn’t help the situation. 1 In his late twenties, Scott Harrison … .

188 THAT’S ENGLISH!

 a lived like a typical young professional. The most beneficial aspects of the course were the workshop
b made important changes to his life. on negotiation techniques and the talk on setting realistic sales
c was unsuccessful in his profession. targets. The trainers were not only informative, but also gave
excellent practical guidelines to apply in our current working
Activity 1b situation.
1 reached a turning point However, I felt we wasted most of the first morning with
2 option a - apparently had everything a young professional introductions and setting up the groups.Time could have been
could want used much more effectively. In fact, the course took two days
option c - had a bright future ahead of him when I believe that one day would have been sufficient.
Activity 2 All in all, I would recommend using this company for further
staff training, but I would suggest that we give them a clear
1 a, 2 c, 3 b, 4 c
indication of the objectives we have to be more time-efficient.
READING COMPREHENSION II (page 109) WRITING II: Writing a review of a place (page 111)
Activity 1a Activity 1
1 1 spectacular 3 comfortable 5 higher
Activity 1b 2 spacious 4 magical 6 captivating
3 Activity 2
Activity 2 1 b, 2 d, 3 a, 4 c
0 k, 1 f, 2 l, 3 c, 4 d, 5 n, 6 e, 7 b, 8 h, 9 a, 10 i Activity 3
LISTENING COMPREHENSION I: (page 110) Suggested answer:
Activity 1a I’d never seen such an amazing place. This was the main
You are going to hear a radio programme about unusual square in Matali, a small village in India, in the foothills of
places to live. the Himalaya mountain range. It was full of people, buying
and selling local produce, dressed in colourful clothes. To get
1 Mr and Mrs Johnson … .
there you have to travel by bus up winding narrow mountain
a get an income from the hotel they own roads but the spectacular scenery is worth the discomfort.
b live just outside Plymouth The hotel where we stayed was simple but cosy. Because of
c have lived in the same place for 25 years the altitude, the region gets cold at night, so the log fire in the
sitting room was appreciated by all the guests. Tourism in the
Activity 1b
area is related to outdoor activities, hiking and climbing, but
a Mr and Mrs Johnson get an income from the flat they own. don’t forget to visit the exotic Hindu temples and the amazing
b Mr and Mrs Johnson own a flat just outside Plymouth. Tibetan Buddhist monastery. The people are delightful, very
Activity 1c friendly and I totally recommend sitting in one of the tiny
1 b, 2 b, 3 a, 4 b, 5 c cafés and chatting to the tea-drinkers, who spend all day
watching the world go by. A place to remember!
LISTENING COMPREHENSION II (page 110)
SPEAKING: Interaction (page 112)
Activity 1a
Activity 1
1 NM 2 OG
1 c, h 2 a, d 3 e, g 4 b, f
Activity 1b
Activity 2
14 27 34 47 54
Adding to a comment (AC) 3, 4, 6, 8
WRITING I: Writing a report (page 111) Asking for more information (AI) 1, 2, 5, 7
Activity 1 Activity 3
a for a boss / semiformal language Suggested answers:
b evaluation 1 A: I think immigration should be restricted to skilled workers
c a recommendation B: Why do you think that? / What do you mean? / Can you
Activity 2a give me an example?
Suggested answers: 2 A: Bad drivers should be given greater punishments.
1, 2, 3, 5, 7 B: Why do you think that? / What do you mean? / I’d like
to add… / I have to agree with that because… / I know
Activity 2b about a similar situation…
a 5, b 3, c 1, d 7, e 2 3 A: Students have an easy life.
Activity 3 B: Is that your situation? / What do you mean? / Why do
In this report, I will analyse the positive and negative aspects you think that?
of the two-day course on Sales Strategies organised by the 4 A: Pensioners need the help of their families.
Global Conference Company. B: As well, I think… / I’d like to add… / I have to agree with
Activity 4 that because…
Suggested answer: 5 A: I wouldn’t like to be a doctor.
In this report, I will analyse the positive and negative aspects B: Why do you think that? / What do you mean?
of the two-day course on Sales Strategies organised by Activity 4
the Global Conference Company. I hope this will help with Suggested answer:
decision-making in the case of selecting a similar event for A: Well, having a place to live is obviously essential for me,
other members of staff. but sometimes renting a house is easier.

THAT’S ENGLISH! 189

Answer Key
B: Yes, I agree. You don’t have to worry about paying for Activity 5
repairs. For example, in my flat the washing machine 1 pointers 4 Cheer 7 come on
broke, but I didn’t have to pay to have it fixed. It was the 2 the sooner, the better 5 turn out 8 better
landlord’s responsibility.
3 me out here 6 Have, thought 9 hadn’t you
A: I have to agree with that because I had a similar situation
with the heating in my flat. It was so much easier, and SELF TEST 2 (page 115)
cheaper, to get the owner to organise the repairs. Activity 1
B: What’s more, flats are so expensive now. In the end you 1 don’t have to 3 Don’t 5 shouldn’t
have a mortgage until you retire.
2 must 4 do 6 should
A: What do you mean?
B: For instance, my brother is trying to buy a small flat and Activity 2
he can only afford it if he gets a mortgage for 35 years! 1 invest in 3 break even 5 sell out
A: Still, I’d like to add that in some ways it must be nice to 2 ripped, off 4 close, down 6 taken over
have your own home.
Activity 3
B: Why do you think that?
1 b, 2 e, 3 f, 4 a, 5 c, 6 d
A: You know, you can decorate it as you want and you don’t
have to worry about what the landlord will say. Activity 4
B: That’s true, and as well, I think it can be a good investment. 1 If you need advice about computers, she’s the person to
talk to.
SPEAKING: Monologue (page 113)
2 The offices are in that big building overlooking the port.
Activity 1
3 I’d like to see the report published last year.
1 while 2 later 3 just 4 suddenly 5 moment
4 The woman by the door talking to Cathy is the new boss!
Activity 2 5 The project finished last autumn was the most successful
1 c, 2 a, 3 d, 4 e, 5 b, we had ever undertaken.
Activity 3 6 That is the web page to go to for more information.
1 devastated 3 exhausted 5 disappointed Activity 5
2 unfair 4 thrilled 1 profitable 3 invest 5 flexibility
Activity 4 2 loan 4 expertise 6 stable
Suggested answer: Activity 6
I think the experience that really changed my life was when 1 Despite (their) many failures, they never gave up.
I spent six months living in France. I had just finished school
2 Although we didn’t work very hard, we made a lot of money.
and decided to take a gap year before going to uni. I went to
a small village to look after two children in a French family. 3 They can’t afford to set up an office in London. Furthermore,
It was so hard at first because I didn’t speak much French, nobody speaks English well enough to run it.
but the children were lovely and the mother in the family 4 In spite of feeling ill, she went to work as usual.
was very kind. In fact, I think she had a great influence 5 He seems to spend all day on the phone. However, he gets
on me. She was very calm and strong, so the times I felt excellent results.
homesick she made me feel better, but she gave me a lot of 6 Our sales are down. Therefore, our profits will drop.
responsibility for the children so I had to grow up quickly. I
definitely matured that year and I think it helped me to do SELF TEST 3 (page 116)
better in my studies later. I also had the confidence to move Activity 1
away from home and now I love living in my own flat. 1 absolutely / completely / totally gorgeous
2 absolutely / completely / totally ridiculous
SELF TESTS UNITS 1-9 3 absolutely / completely / totally freezing
SELF TEST 1 (page 114) 4 absolutely / completely / totally huge
Activity 1 5 absolutely / completely / totally amazing
1 hadn’t travelled 4 had been trying 6 absolutely / completely / totally furious
2 had been working / had worked 5 had been preparing 7 absolutely / completely / totally devastated
3 had broken up 6 had packed 8 absolutely / completely / totally exhausted
9 absolutely / completely / totally awful
Activity 2
1 break up 4 take over 7 grow out of Activity 2
2 took over 5 come off 8 got over 1 Not only do you annoy me, but you also irritate everyone
3 break up with 6 get over else.
Activity 3 2 Not only did she sing well, but she also played the piano
superbly.
1 the tide has turned 4 turned, around
3 Not only do our neighbours park outside our house, but
2 turn-up for the books 5 took a turn for the worse
they also leave their rubbish there.
3 turn over a new leaf 6 turns out
4 Not only is he a good leader, but he is also a great public
Activity 4 speaker.
1 did you use to do? 5 would, thank 9 would, send 5 Not only do I dislike cats, but I also hate dogs.
2 used to work 6 used to be 10 didn’t use to think 6 Not only did the children do nothing to help, but they also
3 did you use to feel 7 would have made a big mess.
4 would shout 8 would write
190 THAT’S ENGLISH!
Activity 3 SELF TEST 5 (page 118)
1 in secret 3 gave, away 5 best-kept secret Activity 1
2 keep, a secret 4 took, in 1 provided that 3 Supposing 5 As long as
Activity 4 2 Given that 4 in case 6 unless
1 cried her eyes out 4 tears welled up Activity 2
2 feeling down 5 burst into tears 1 would you do 6 will, notice / would, notice
3 had a lump in her throat 2 had 7 will, realise
Activity 5 3 would throw away 8 tell
14 4 let 9 will keep
24 5 mentions / mentioned 10 checks
3 7 He thought the campus was extremely impressive. Activity 3a
4 7 He thought the hall of residence was quite good: the 1 hardly big enough 4 only slightly bigger
rooms were small but at least they were modern and he 2 much too cold 5 a little bit more exciting
liked the private bathroom. 3 nearly as expensive 6 quite the most beautiful
54
Activity 3b
6 7 He thought the pool was big enough.
1 hardly 3 nearly 5 little, more
74
2 much 4 slightly 6 quite, most
Activity 6
Activity 4
3, 5, 2, 1, 4 1 spacious 3 depressing 5 airless
SELF TEST 4 (page 117) 2 overcrowded 4 ventilated 6 cheerful
Activity 1 Activity 5
1 I hardly know where to start. 1 personal space 3 waste of space 5 space to move
2 She is simply the best friend I have. 2 takes up, space 4 use of space
3 I just don’t know whether he would help me or not. Activity 6a
4 Surprisingly, he passed his exams. 1 They disagree.
5 She looks young but she is really older than him. /She 2 a Do you really think that’s such a good idea?
looks young but really she is older than him. b I wouldn’t quite put it that way myself.
6 Unfortunately they lost the competition. /They lost the c I’m not sure I agree with you there.
competition unfortunately.
d I think you might be forgetting the humidity.
7 You will certainly be very welcome.
8 Actually, the train is supposed to leave at 9.00 a.m. Activity 6b
1 Sherman suggests / suggested that they knock down the
Activity 2 walls and make the office open-plan. // Sherman suggests /
1 prayer 3 pilgrimage 5 sins 7 Hell suggested knocking down the walls and making the office
2 shrine 4 fast 6 Heaven 8 priest open-plan.
Activity 3 2 Wei-Wei recommends / recommended that they convert
the meeting rooms next to the kitchen into offices. // Wei-
1 wasn’t it? 3 haven’t you? 5 is it? 7 can’t you?
Wei recommends / recommended converting the meeting
2 shall we? 4 do they? 6 will you? rooms next to the kitchen into offices.
Activity 4 3 Jill suggests / suggested that they cancel the installation of
1 d, 2 f, 3 a, 4 e, 5 b, 6 c a new air conditioning system. // Jill suggests / suggested
cancelling the installation of a new air conditioning system.
Activity 5
4 Jill recommends / recommended that they keep the old
1 b, 2 b, 3 a, 4 b, 5 a, 6 a system. // Jill recommends / recommended keeping the
Activity 6 old system.
1 I am going to the party despite the fact that I have been ill SELF TEST 6 (page 119)
for three days. / Despite having been ill for three days, I’m
Activity 1
going to the party.
1 came into service
2 She was very busy; nevertheless she helped me with the
shopping. 2 was closed
3 Although the church was burnt to the ground, the painting 3 out of service
was not touched by the fire. 4 was designed / had been designed
4 In spite of his gifts and flowers / In spite of buying her gifts 5 kept
and flowers, she still refuses to speak to him. 6 was
5 The team only had 10 men; even so they still won the game. 7 was wasted / had been wasted
6 The water was cold, but he still took a shower. / Still, he 8 had
took a shower. 9 in service
7 I don’t want to sell my car. However, I have no choice. Activity 2
8 I left him a message to phone me urgently; even so he 1 has been proposed 4 has already been spent
refused to call me back. 2 will be saved 5 are being held
3 will be completed 6 was cancelled

THAT’S ENGLISH! 191

Answer Key
Activity 3 Activity 4
1 get my teeth checked 4 has had a tattoo done 1 c, 2 e, 3 a, 4 d, 5 b, 6 f
2 had the house redecorated 5 have your eyes tested Activity 5
3 are getting the roof replaced 6 were getting / got a new 1 slammed 3 was shivering 5 uneasy
kitchen installed 2 gloomy 4 steep 6 gusts of wind
Activity 4 Activity 6
1 afraid, a problem with 5 can’t praise it highly 1 c, 2 e, 3 b, 4 a, 5 f, 6 d, 7 g
2 always swiching off 6 the best I’ve ever
3 make a complaint 7 first class SELF TEST 9 (page 122)
4 keeps making Activity 1
1 looking to 4 looked down on / looked at
Activity 5
2 looked at / looked down on 5 looking up
1 SA 2A 3 SA 4 SA 5A 6A
3 looked up to
Activity 6
Activity 2
Dear Sir or Madam, I am, I was served, The table was
1 spokesperson 4 actors 7 humankind
booked, We were offered, ordered, dissatisfied, would like,
2 police officer 5 chair 8 their, they
do not hesitate, require any further information, faithfully
3 their 6 flight attendant
SELF TEST 7 (page 120) Activity 3
Activity 1 1 So heavy was the rain that the match was cancelled.
1 were able to 2 Such a difficult climb had they / did they have that they
2 couldn’t / wasn’t able to, could, was able to nearly gave up trying to reach the summit.
3 could / was able to 3 Such a success was the concert that they decided to repeat
4 weren’t able to / couldn’t it next week.
Activity 2 4 So crowded was the train that we couldn’t get a seat.
5 Such was the noise that we couldn’t hear what was being
1 made to 6 weren’t allowed to
said.
2 were 7 required
6 So lovely looked the bride / did the bride look that everyone
3 we were allowed to 8 weren’t made to cried.
4 required to 9 didn’t make
Activity 4
5 were made to 10 had to
1 d, 2 a, 3 c, 4 b
Activity 3
Activity 5
1 particularly 2 pretty 3 all that 4 remarkably
1 It’s how she said it that hurt most.
Activity 4 2 It’s what you do that people remember, not why.
1 strictness 3 achievement 5 ambitious 3 It’s society that needs to change its plans, not women.
2 disciplined 4 competitors 6 perseverance 4 It’s you who needs to adapt, not me.
Activity 5 Activity 6
1 c, 2 d, 3 f, 4 e, 5 a, 6 b 1 point 2 Hold 3 It’s 4 not 5 coming 6 stop
Activity 6
1 If only I had studied harder at school.
2 I should have gone to bed earlier last night.
3 I wish I hadn’t eaten so much at dinner.
4 I regret not going / not having gone to university.
5 If only I had listened properly when he was explaining the
route.
6 I wish I hadn’t spent so much money on holiday.
Activity 7
1 time 3 opportunity 5 cut
2 Anyway 4 turned 6 back, had
SELF TEST 8 (page 121)
Activity 1
1 hardbacks 3 setting 5 best-seller 7 audience
2 script 4 plot 6 cast 8 biography
Activity 2
1 can’t have 2 can’t have 3 must have 4 might have
Activity 3
1 Fiction 5 reached / had reached 9 publisher
2 crime 6 had ridden 10 wrote
3 novelist 7 was riding 11 best-sellers
4 had grown up 8 autobiography

192 THAT’S ENGLISH!