INGLÉS I

Alumno: ………………………………………………….. Comisión: ………….

AÑO: 2019
UTN FRA
Libro de ejercicios Guía de Trabajos Prácticos
INDEX
1 Reading Strategies 2
Cognados y falsos cognados. Tipos de textos. Estrategias de lectura.
2 Textbooks * 5
Textos académicos, índices, secciones. Cognados. Sustantivos y frase nominal.
Adjetivos, preposiciones y artículos. El gerundio.
3 Socializing 15
Saludos y despedidas. Ofrecimientos y pedidos.
4 Work 19
Presente Simple. Trabajos y profesiones.
5 Companies * 23
Presente Simple. Vocabulario: Trabajo y empresa. Cognados y falsos cognados
Gerundios. Conjunciones relativas: which- who.
6 Personal Information 29
Contenidos: El abecedario. Direcciones de email. Conversaciones telefónicas. Sonidos
de vocales y consonantes. Formularios.
7 Quantity 34
Contenidos: Números, unidades de medida, y cantidades. Sustantivos contables e
incontables. There is/are. How much- how many. Adjetivos y pronombres
cuantitativos.
8 Information Technology * 37
Referentes. Frases nominales. Comparativos y superlativos. Prefijos. Futuro
9 Inventions and Discoveries * 42
Pasado Simple. Wh-questions. Adverbios de modo.
10 Transport 50
Comparativos y superlativos. Tiempos futuros.
11 Brilliant Minds * 54
Voz Pasiva en presente y pasado. Conectores y adverbios.
12 Automotive * 58
Pasado Simple. Voz Pasiva. Secuenciadores.
13 Quality 65
Frases para describir tendencias. Pasado Simple.
14 Processes * 68
Conectores y secuenciadores. Referentes. Voz Pasiva. Números
15 Emails * 75
Frases para escribir emails. Estilos formal e informal.
16 Rules and Warnings 80
Verbos modales. If + verbo modal. Modo Imperativo.
17 Problems and solutions 85
Presente Perfecto. Vocabulario: reparaciones, partes de equipamiento.
Presente Continuo. If + verbo modal/imperativo.
18 Communication 90
Revisión de contenidos.

* indicates Assignment (Trabajo Práctico)

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 1

 1 READING STRATEGIES
A) Vea el siguiente texto e imágenes y responda. Contenidos
Cognados y falsos cognados.
1. ¿De cuál profesión trata el texto?
Tipos de textos. Estrategias
2. ¿Cuántas fotos observa? ¿Qué se puede ver en las fotos? de lectura
3. ¿Cuál es el título? ¿Cuál es la función del título?
4. ¿Cuántos párrafos tiene el texto?
5. Identifique y transcriba cinco palabras transparentes o cognados en el texto.
……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ………………………………
………………………………
6. Identifique y transcriba tres palabras en inglés, no transparentes, que usted entienda.
……………………………… ……………………………… ………………………………
7. Transcriba dos palabras en inglés que usted no entienda. ……………………………… ………………………………

An important job
Civil engineers do important work. They design and build bridges, roads, railways, and airports. Some of
the time they work in offices. They use computers to plan their work. They can also work outside in a lot
of different places, for example, in deserts, on the sea, and in our cities. Sometimes, working outside is
difficult because of the weather. Civil
engineers also work long hours and
weekends, but they like their work
because it is important and useful.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Reading strategies
Las siguientes son algunas estrategias de lectura que pueden facilitar la comprensión de textos.

Vista previa del texto Identificar el tema

Leer los títulos. Leer todo el texto.
Mirar las imágenes. Buscar palabras o ideas repetidas.
Contar la cantidad de párrafos. Identificar el tema.
Identificar fechas y números.
Identificar el tipo de texto y lugar donde se Inferir significado del contexto
puede encontrar. Identificar palabras transparentes.
Cuando se encuentren palabras nuevas,
Scanning: buscar información específica. terminar de leer toda la oración.
Leer los títulos. Identificar su categoría: sustantivo, verbo,
Ubicar números y nombres. adjetivo, adverbio, etc.
Cuando se encontró la información requerida, Fijarse si las palabras alrededor ofrecen alguna
dejar de leer. pista.
Utilizar nuestro conocimiento previo sobre el
Skimming: leer para entender la idea general. tema.
Leer el primer párrafo.
Leer la primera oración de cada párrafo.
Leer el último párrafo.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 2

 B) Subraye las palabras importantes en las siguientes preguntas.

1. What do civil engineers do?

2. What do they use to plan their work?
3. What are the three examples of outside work?
4. Why is working outside difficult?
5. Why do civil engineers like their work?

C) Examine el texto del ejercicio A y subraye las palabras importantes de las preguntas
del ejercicio B. Luego responda las preguntas en castellano

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

__________________________________________________________________________

TYPES OF TEXT
A) Lea los siguientes fragmentos e identifique el tipo de texto al que pertenece.
1) A manager at Color Graphics stopped one of the company’s printing presses one day and
asked for everyone’s attention. He showed the employees sixteen drums of waste ink and
asked, “How long does it take us to produce this waste? Everyone was surprised to learn that
they filled the drums in just one month.
2) The Hoover dam is located 50kms south-east of Las Vegas in the USA. It was built in the
1930s to stop flooding and provide irrigation, domestic water, and power. First, they had to
reroute the Colorado River through tunnels, and then they had to build the dam itself.
3) He looked around the room. The nurse had taken the roses out the night before, and there
was nothing except the table with a packet of cigarettes, a box of matches and an ashtray.
Otherwise, it was bare. It was no longer warm or friendly. It was not even comfortable. It
was cold and empty and very quiet.
4) Radio industry played an important part in the lives of modern people. Due to people’s
business it was the only source from which a person could get vital information or is
entertained by. It is not represented in a very high quality nowadays and there is a lot of
competition between various companies for the best production concerning this matter.
5) First, press the Power button to turn on the printer. Second, open the cartridge access door,
and then wait until the carriage is idle and silent. Press down lightly on the end of the cartridge
to release it. Then, slide the cartridge out. Be careful: do not touch the copper-coloured
electrical contacts or the ink nozzles. And make sure that all the clear nozzle protective tape
has been removed.
Argumentativo: Texto ___

Instructivo: Texto ___

Narrativo: Texto ___

Explicativo/Expositivo: Texto ___

Descriptivo: Texto ___

B) Subraye las palabras o frases en cada fragmento que lo ayudaron a identificar el

tipo de texto al que pertenece.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 3

 Tipos de texto

ASPECTOS DESCRIPTIVO NARRATIVO DIALOGADO O INSTRUCTIVO EXPOSITIVO/ ARGUMENTATIVO

CONVERSACIONAL EXPLICATIVO
INTENCIÓN Presentan Relatan sucesos Representan por Dan instrucciones Transmiten Expresan y defienden
COMUNICATIVA características protagonizados escrito y información opiniones e ideas
de seres, por personajes conversaciones recomendaciones objetiva para
objetos, entre personajes hacer
lugares, etc. comprender
un tema
RESPONDEN A ¿Cómo es? ¿Qué pasa? ¿Qué dicen? ¿Cómo se hace? ¿Por qué es ¿Qué pienso? ¿Qué te
así? parece?
TIPOS DE TEXTO Novelas y Noticias, Diálogos de novelas Instrucciones de Libros de Artículos de opinión,
cuentos, novelas y y cuentos, obras de uso, recetas de texto, artículos crítica de prensa,
cartas, cuentos, teatro, entrevistas, cocina, normas divulgativos, discursos, publicidad,
catálogos, comics, textos debates. legales y de enciclopedias, ensayos.
guías de historia, seguridad, diccionarios.
turísticas, biografías, campañas de
libros de memorias, prevención.
viajes, diarios.
reportajes.
ELEMENTOS Adjetivos, Verbos de Frases breves, Oraciones Conectores Conectores
LINGÜÍSTICOS adverbios y acción, variedad yuxtaposición y imperativas, explicativos, explicativos, de causa
preposiciones de tiempos coordinación, conectores de de causa y y consecuencia, y
de lugar, verbales, entonación, orden, números. consecuencia, ordenadores,
figuras conectores interrogaciones, y ordenadores. razonamiento.
literarias. cronológicos, onomatopeyas,
adjetivos, interjecciones, etc.
sustantivos,
adverbios de
lugar, figuras
literarias.
ESTRUCTURA Presentación Presentación, Saludo, Meta, programa Introducción, Exposición,
genérica, nudo, y preparación, desarrollo, demostración, y
detallismo con desenlace. desarrollo, conclusión conclusión
orden despedida
REGISTROS Culto, estándar Culto, estándar Estándar, coloquial Estándar Estándar Estándar
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Falsos cognados
Los siguientes son algunos ejemplos de falsos cognados o false friends.

actually: en realidad exit: salida

advertise: publicitar fabric: tela
American: estadounidense idiom: modismo
assist: ayudar, dar asistencia introduce: presentar
attend: asistir (a clase) large: grande
billion: mil millones lecture: conferencia
career: carrera profesional library: biblioteca
carpet: alfombra parents: padres
college: universidad realize: darse cuenta
contest (v): competir, concursar record: grabar
currently: actualmente sensible: sensato, razonable
disgust: repugnancia sympathy: compasión
embarrased: avergonzado translate: traducir
estimate: presupuesto vase: jarrón

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 4

2 TEXTBOOKS

Trabajo Práctico Nº1

Nombre y Apellido: ………………………………………………………….

Especialidad: …………………………………………….

Grupo N°: ………………………..

Comisión: ………………………..

Fecha de entrega: ……/……/……. Nota:

Aprobado Revisión

Contenidos
Textos académicos, índices, secciones. Cognados. Sustantivos y frase nominal. Adjetivos,
preposiciones y artículos. El gerundio.

A) Analice el texto de las páginas 8-11 y responda:

1. ¿A qué tipo de publicación pertenece? ¿Dónde se puede encontrar este texto?
2. ¿A quién está dirigido?
3. ¿Con cuál carrera está relacionado?
4. ¿Cómo está dividido? ¿Contiene secciones, capítulos, lista de contenidos, etc.? ¿Tienen partes
en común?
5. ¿Qué significan las palabras en letras cursivas?

B) Elija tres secciones del texto y complete la tabla con tres ejemplos por casillero.

Palabras Palabras en inglés que Palabras en inglés que

transparentes conozco o infiero no conozco
significado
Sección __

Sección __

Sección __

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 5

 C) Elija tres secciones, analice el vocabulario de las mismas y categorice las palabras en
sustantivos, adjetivos y preposiciones. Reflexione con el docente sobre cada una de
dichas categorías gramaticales definiéndolas, sistematizando su uso y estableciendo
su función. Escriba ejemplos: cinco sustantivos, y los adjetivos y preposiciones que
encuentre.

Sustantivos Adjetivos Preposiciones

Sección __

Sección __

Sección __

D) Reflexione sobre el orden de las palabras en las frases nominales y escriba en español
las siguientes frases.

1. Calculation of surface area and volume of a body with rotational symmetry

.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Shear stresses in beams …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
The stress intensity approach …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Single-degree- freedom systems ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Digital instrumentation and computer control
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Crankshaft journal bearings ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Prestressed concrete …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Internal incompressible viscous flow ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
7. Refrigeration cycles …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Heat transfer limitations …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

E) Elegir tres secciones del texto y completar con tres frases nominales por cada sección.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 6

 F) Busque y complete con el número del capítulo en el que se encuentran los siguientes
temas.

Software comercial de simulación __ Productos hechos de madera __

Turbulencia __ Segunda ley de Newton __

Ecuaciones básicas para medición de fluidos Recipiente de presión __

__

G) Explique la función del sufijo –ing en las distintas frases que aparece y decida la
categoría de palabra en cada caso. Escriba ejemplos y categorice las palabras.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

H) Transcriba cinco ejemplos de sustantivos en plural.

………………………… ……………………… ……………………… ……………………. ……………………

I) Brinde un ejemplo extraído del texto de las siguientes categorías gramaticales:

un artículo: ………………………………………….. un conector: …………………………………………..

J) Indique qué significa lo indicado con un * en la página 8 y sus partes.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

1 ________________________________ 2 ________________________________

3 ________________________________ 4 ________________________________

5 ________________________________

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 7

Dorf, R.C. (2004). The Engineering Handbook. Boca Raton: CRC Press *
________ _____ _____________________ __________ _________
1 2 3 4 5

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 8

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 9
INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 10
INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 11
 GRAMMAR REFERENCE

a. El sustantivo y la frase nominal

El sustantivo es una palabra que designa o identifica un ser, un objeto, un lugar o una idea.

En el idioma inglés solo los nombres de las personas y animales, o los géneros de animales poseen
diferencia entre masculino o femenino. Por ejemplo: nombres (Paul, Sarah), animales (lion-lioness,
horse-mare, bull-cow, etc.). Otras excepciones incluyen algunas profesiones como actor- actress,
waiter- waitress, pero en este caso tanto actor como waiter pueden ser usados tanto para varón como
para mujer.

Formación del plural

El plural se forma añadiendo al sustantivo la letra s:

dog dogs
car cars
computer computers
house houses
boy boys

A los sustantivos que terminan en ch, s, sh, x, y o se les agrega es:

watch watches
bus buses
brush brushes
box boxes
potato potatoes

Sustantivos finalizados en y + consonante sufren la siguiente modificación: y + ies

city cities
lady ladies

Sustantivos finalizados en fe o f tendrán el siguiente cambio: f/fe + ves

shelf shelves
knife knives

Otros cambios:

analysis analyses
thesis theses
crisis crises
hypothesis hypotheses
criterion criteria
phenomenon phenomena
nucleus nuclei
stimulus stimuli

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 12

Algunas formas plurales son irregulares, es decir, tienen un cambio. A estos sustantivos no se les
agrega s. Otras formas plurales no implican cambios con respecto al singular. Los más comunes son:

man men fish fish

woman women sheep sheep

child children mouse mice

person people means means

foot feet species species

Hay sustantivos que no tienen forma singular:

scissors trousers glasses stairs pincers clothes binoculars

Los sustantivos se pueden clasificar en:

 Abstractos: nombres de ideas o conceptos (intelligence, beauty, democracy, knowledge, etc.).

 Concretos: nombres de objetos físicos (brick, bridge, highway, building, girl, water, etc.).
 Comunes: no requieren uso de mayúsculas (man, cat, umbrella, etc.).
 Propios: requieren del uso de mayúsculas. Por ejemplo, días de la semana (Monday), meses
(January), países continentes, ciudades y lugares geográficos (Canada, Africa, Oxford, Everest,
Sahara, etc.), nombres de personas (Tom, Sarah, Juan, etc.).
 Contables: hacen referencia a cosas o personas que se pueden contar, y tienen formas singular
y plural (person, computer, machine, monkey, apple, etc.).
 Incontables: hacen referencia a algo que no puede ser contado, y no tienen forma plural (water,
oil, sugar, vinegar, concrete, carbon, oxygen, etc.).
 Colectivos: conjuntos de personas o cosas (class, police, family, staff, etc.).
 Gerundios: se forman al agregar ing a un verbo (working, recycling, etc.).

La frase nominal

La frase nominal o sustantiva tiene como núcleo de la frase a un sustantivo acompañado por otras
palabras que lo modifican. La frase nominal puede estar integrada por:

Un artículo: a, an, the Un adjetivo cuantitativo: some, any, no, a lot,

…
Un adjetivo posesivo: my, your, his …
Un numeral: one, two, three…
Un adjetivo demostrativo: this, that, these

Un adjetivo: important, working, controlled, ...

Un sustantivo funcionando como adjetivo: industry, information,...

Caso posesivo: the doctor’s, John’s,...

Un sustantivo (technology, office, production)

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 13

Frase nominal: El núcleo de la frase nominal es el sustantivo principal de la frase:

System Noun

A system Article + noun

Our system Possessive + noun

Production system Noun + noun

The production system Article + noun + noun

A new production system Article + adjective + noun + noun

This updated production system Demonstrative + adjective + noun + noun

Production system development Noun + noun + noun

Identifying noun phrases in a text.

In the last 100 years, the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has risen from about 0.027
per cent to over 0.033 per cent as a result of the increased combustion of coal and petroleum, in
our industries and motor vehicles.
Carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere by being dissolved in the sea and by being taken
up by photosynthesis. Destruction of large areas of tropical forest could significantly reduce the
proportion of carbon dioxide removed by photosynthesis.

b. Uso del sufijo -ing

Gerundios, verbos y adjetivos finalizados en –ing

Gerundios Verbos Adjetivos

Son sustantivos formados a Deben estar conjugados, por Describen a los sustantivos.
partir de un verbo terminado ejemplo, precedidos por el
en –ing. Se puede traducir al verbo to be. Se utilizan en los
español como verbo en tiempos continuos, ej.
infinitivo o como sustantivo. Presente Continuo (He is
working: está trabajando)
Building Mrs Smith is working on a new Amazing
Engineering project. Interesting
Nursing We were talking on the phone. Boring
Recycling They have been driving for Challenging
Computing hours. Exciting
Beginning Convincing
Meaning Confusing
Teaching Surprising
Learning
Purchasing
Selecting

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 14

 3 SOCIALIZING
Contenidos: Saludos y despedidas. Ofrecimientos y pedidos.

A) Decide which replies are OK. Sometimes more than one is possible.

1. It’s great to see you again!

a. It’s great to see you, too. c. Thank you.
b. Nice to meet you.
2. Thanks, that’s very kind of you.
a. Not at all. c. You’re welcome.
b. Please.
3. I’d love a cup of coffee.
a. I get you one. c. I’m afraid I only have tea.
b. I’ll get you one.
4. How are you doing?
a. Not too bad, thanks. And you? c. I’m painting the garage door.
b. Fine, thanks. I’ve nearly finished.
5. Oops! I’m sorry!
a. That’s OK. c. No problem.
b. You’re welcome.
6. Is this your screwdriver?
a. Yes, it is. c. Yes, do you want to borrow it?
b. Yes, of course.
7. Can I borrow your torch?
a. Yes, go ahead. c. Yes, I can borrow it to you.
b. Yes, help yourself.
8. What do you do?
a. How do you do? c. I’m replacing the disk drive.
b. I’m in computers.
9. I’ll be getting along them.
a. Go ahead. c. Thank you for coming.
b. It was nice meeting you.
10. Thanks for showing me around the plant.
a. Goodbye. c. It doesn’t matter.
b. It was a pleasure.

B) Listening. Gianluca Donatelli is at a conference. Listen to him introducing himself to

Jana Frkova. Complete:
Jana’s nationality …………………………………………..
her job ………………………………………….

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 15

 C) Complete what Gianluca says. Listen and check your answers.

1. Excuse me. ……………………………………….. this seat free?

2. Thanks very much. Can I …………………………………… myself? I’m Gianluca Donatelli.
3. Nice to meet you …………………………………., Jana. Where are you ………………………………?
4. And ………………………………... do you work for?
5. Oh really? And what do you ……………………………………?
6. So ……………………………. Are you at this conference?
7. That’s interesting. A friend of mine works for an Italian service provider. Can I introduce
………………………… to ……………………………?
8. Roberto. Can you come here for a minute? This is … Sorry, what’s your name ……………………………?
9. Roberto. ……………………………….. is Jana. She’s writing an article on Internet service providers.

D) Listen to Gianluca again. He asks Jana eight questions. Match her responses to each
question from ex. C.

1 ___ a. I am a journalist.

2 ___ b. Jana. Jana Frkova.

3 ___ c. Yes, it is.

4 ___ d. Nice to meet you. I’m Jana Frkova.

5 ___ e. I’m here to research an article on Internet service providers.

6 ___ f. I am self-employed.

7 ___ g. Yes, of course. That would be nice.

8 ___ h. I’m from the Czech Republic.

E) Now listen to two extracts from a different version of the conversation and answer:

What does Gianluca do?

Why is Jana at the conference?

Why is Gianluca at the conference?

Useful phrases
Introducing yourself
My name’s…/ I’m…

Introducing others
This is John. (informal)/ This is John Taylor, head of Human Resources. (formal)

Responding
Nice to meet you/ How do you do./ Nice to meet you too.

Asking about another person

What about you?
What’s your name again?
Where are you from?
What do you do?
Who do you work for?
Why are you here?

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 16

 F) Put the following conversation between Jack and Camille in order. Write 1-10 after
each section. The first sentence is given. J is for Jack, C for Camille and P for Peter.

J: Excuse me. Can I introduce myself? I’m Jack Reynolds.

a. C: I’m an IT engineer. I work with computers and IT systems. What do you do? ____
b. J: How do you do? Where are you from, Camille? ____
c. C: To repair the computers! ____
d. C: Camille Vargas. I’m sorry. It’s nice to meet you, but I must go now. ____
e. C: I’m French. I live in Marseilles. How about you? ____
f. J: Oh, right. Can I introduce to you to my colleague Peter Samms? His computer’s not working
very well, and maybe … Peter, this is … sorry what’s your name again? ____
g. J: I’m from Detroit in the United States. What do you do? ____
h. J: I’m a TV reporter. I work for CNN in their Detroit office. Why are you here at the trade fair?
____
i. C: How do you do? I’m Camille Vargas. ____
j. P: OK, Camille, see you later. ____

G) Now choose one of the two dialogues and practise it in pairs. Then, replace the words
with your own information.

H) Introduce yourself.

My name’s …………………………………………. . I’m from …………………………………… . I live in ……………………………… .

I study at …………………………………………… . I study ……………………………………… engineering.

I) Complete some more conversations using phrases from the list.

Would you like Could you of course Do you want a hand Can I

I’m afraid No, it’s all right, thanks. I can manage Do you want me to please

1. A: ………………………………………………….. hold this cable for me?

B: Yes, ………………………………………… .
2. A: …………………………………………………… with your bags?
B: Yes, ……………………………………………
3. A: …………………………………………………… use your computer?
B: Yes, but ……………………………………………….. it’s running a bit slowly.
4. A: …………………………………………………… call a taxi for you?
B: …………………………………………………… I’ll catch the bus.
5. A: …………………………………………………… some help?
B: Thanks, but I think …………………………………………………… .

J) Work with a partner and act out these conversations.

1. A: Ask B to help you carry some boxes to B: Offer to help.
the fourth floor. 4. A: Tell B you need to go to the airport.
B: Say yes. B: Offer to give A a lift.
2. A: Ask B if you can leave your laptop in 5. A: Find out if A would like coffee or
their office. something to eat.
B: Say no and give a reason. B: Say what you would like.
3. A: Tell B about a job you need to do this 6. A: Introduce B to your boss.
week. B: Greet your colleague’s boss.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 17

Homework

1. Match a question or sentence on the left with a reply on the right.

1) Hello, Maria. How are you? __ a) You’re welcome.

2) Can I use your phone? __ b) Sure, it’s almost half past one.
3) I’m afraid I can’t come to your farewell c) Yes, of course. And help yourself to
party on Friday. __ the biscuits.
4) Thanks for all your help. __ d) Hello, Alan. I’m fine, thanks. And
5) Excuse me. Where is the bus stop, you?
please? __ e) Thanks. It was nice meeting you.
6) Welcome to Aero Technologies. I’m f) That’s OK. Don’t worry.
Brenda Stahl. __ g) Yes, of course. Go ahead.
7) Excuse me. Do you have the time? __ h) Sorry, Lars. I’m afraid I’m very busy.
8) Sorry, I’m late. __ i) There is one around the corner.
9) Can I have another cup of tea? __ j) I’m in telecommunications.
10) What do you do? __ k) Thanks. Daniel Thorne. Pleased to
11) Carlos? Can you give me a hand? __ meet you.
12) Well, Ms Keller, have a good trip back l) Oh, that’s a pity.
home. __

2. Complete the questions with Can I, Could you, or Would you like.

1) ………………………………………….. borrow your pen for a sec?

2) …………………………………………… hold the other end of the tape measure for me?
3) …………………………………………… some more coffee?
4) …………………………………………… switch the lights off if you are the last person to leave?
5) …………………………………………… to order the standard or the luxury model?
6) …………………………………………… use your phone?
7) ………………………………………….. tell me when the problem started?
8) …………………………………………… give you a hand?

3. Fill in the blanks with the correct words. Then, listen and check.

ahead
A: …………………… I use your phone?
you
B: Yes, go ………………………
need
A: I just ……………………… to call a taxi.
B: …………………… are you going? To the ………………………? Can

A: Yes. welcome
B: Do you want me to give you a ………………………? Where
A: Could ………………….? That’s very …………………….. of you.
kind
B: You’re ………………………… .
lift

station

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

PRONUNCIATION: the letter I

/I/ lift-if- is-trip-biscuits- give- this- bit- live /aI/ kind-light- I- Friday- time- nice- fine- find- like

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 18

 4 WORK
Contenidos: Presente Simple. Trabajos y profesiones.

A) Look at the pictures and write the names of the jobs.

1. e_____________ 2. a______________ 3. b________ c________ 4. s_______________

5. h______________ 6. s_______ a_________ 7. t_____________ 8. ________________

9. b______________ 10. w______________ 11. d_____________ 12. e___________

13. s____________ 14. m_____________ 15. f_______ a_______ 16. s_____________

Give names of a famous: businessman/woman, actor/actress/film star, doctor, musician,

inventor, fashion designer, architect, football player, journalist, model, politician, singer.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 19

 B) Read about some different jobs. Are they similar to yours? How?

ARCHITECT FIELD SERVICE ENGINEER HELP DESK TECHNICIAN

 works for a  works for an office  works for a credit card
construction company. equipment company.
 designs buildings, manufacturer.  provides technical
produces plans,  visits customers’ sites support.
specifications, and and repairs and  solves customers’
drawings. maintains machines. problems over the
 negotiates with  spends a lot of time phone.
builders and inspects travelling.  works night shifts.
construction work.
SOFTWARE ENGINEER WAREHOUSE MANAGER QUALITY CONTROLLER
 works for a bank.  works for a paper  works for a
 writes, tests, and company. pharmaceutical
debugs code.  receives shipments company.
 updates security and checks quantities.  collects and examines
features and  keeps records of product samples.
troubleshoots. inventory.  analyses data and
 is responsible for a  manages a database. writes reports.
project team.

C) Look back at the job descriptions in B and match the verbs and the nouns.

Verbs (actions) Nouns (things)

1. to work for a. records

2. to work b. time
3. to keep c. code
4. to be responsible for d. a bank
5. to spend e. support
6. to solve f. night shifts
7. to debug g. problems
8. to provide h. a project team

D) In your opinion, which of these people:

1. travel the most and the least? 6. meet lots of different people?
2. use computers the most? 7. need the most qualifications?
3. work the longest hours? 8. make the most money?
4. don't need to wear special clothing? 9. have the best and the worst jobs? Why?
5. sometimes work outside?

What do you do?

I’m a computer programmer. Genitive

I’m an engineer. This is John’s car. (singular noun + ’ + s)

I’m unemployed. I’m retired. That is Charles’s car.

I work for a Chinese company. He visits customers’ sites. (plural noun + ’)

I work in a shop. Those are my children’s toys.

(irreg. plural noun + ’ + s)
I’m at university.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 20

 E) In pairs, ask and answer the following questions.

1. What do you do?

2. What does your best friend do?
3. What does your brother/sister do?
4. What does your mother/father do?

F) Play a game with the class. One person thinks of a job (pages 19/20). The other
classmates have to guess the job. They can only ask yes or no questions.

Do you work…? Do you…?

WHERE
inside have special qualifications
outside speak any languages
in an office earn a lot of money
at home drive
in a factory school bank write emails
in a hospital restaurant shop wear a uniform
WHEN answer the phone
in the morning travel a lot
in the afternoon long hours
in the evening make things
shifts repair things
at the weekend …
HOW
with your hands
with a computer
with other people
alone
on your own

Example: Do you work inside? Yes, I do. No, I don’t. Sometimes. It depends.

G) Work as a class. One classmate will write a job on a piece of paper. A volunteer has to
answer yes or no questions from ex. F about him/her.

Example: Does he use a computer? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.

she Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.

Pronunciation: the letters O & U Underline the stressed syllables.

/ʌ/ construction- industrial- company- Monday- production- trouble- update- customer- once- cut

Homework

1. Some verbs (actions) and nouns (things) have similar forms. Write the verb forms of
these nouns.

1. negotiation __________________ 6. test ___________________

2. inspection __________________ 7. production ___________________
3. equipment __________________ 8. construction ___________________
4. specification __________________ 9. security ___________________
5. maintenance __________________ 10. analysis ___________________

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 21

 2. Complete the sentences with words from the list.

negotiating inspection maintenance shifts updating

troubleshoot shipments inventory analyse samples

1. I work for a pharmaceutical company. I work in the lab and I analyse blood samples.
2. I’m responsible for buying new machines and equipment. I spend a lot of time …………………………….
prices and delivery times.
3. My company operates three ……………………………….. .The first one is from 6.00 to 14.00, the second
from 14.00 to 22.00. I work the last one. It’s from 22.00 to 6.00.
4. This is the quality department. This is where we do the final ………………………………… before the
units are shipped to our customers.
5. We’ll have to use the stairs. Our service team are doing some ……………………………..work on the lift.
6. What do I do here? Well, I ………………………………. . My job is to find and correct faults in the
electronic systems.
7. We don’t test and examine every part. We take ……………………………………. to find out what the rest
is like.
8. The logistics section is responsible for checking the …………………………………… are delivered on time.
9. I’m not sure if we have 200 screens, but I’ll check the ……………………………… list and call you back.
10. This is Bob. He’s responsible for ………………………………….. our software and security features.

3. Tick () the sentences that are correct. Correct the sentences that are wrong.

1. Where do your wife works? Where does your wife work?

2. Do you work night shifts?
3. Does your company produces electronics?
4. My brother design safety equipment.
5. That’s Sandra. She tests the finished products to make sure they’re OK.
6. What does these machines do?
7. I spend a lot of time on the phone. I work in technical support.
8. How long do you keep the records?
9. Klaus and Pedro provides support to our European customers.
10. Do Pat and Maria work for an IT company?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Pronunciation and spelling: diphthongs

/ɪə/ /eə/ /eɪ/ /aɪ/

engineer where make provide
here stairs they time
idea there safety design
volunteer air negotiate night
beer their operate wife
near care maintenance analyse

Circle the word that sounds different. Underline the stressed syllable.

1. buy- bye- by- be 4. specification- negotiation- sometimes-

2. price- responsible- machines- equipment paper
3. system- final- logistics- service 5. shut- front- young- job
6. Chinese- inventory- drawings- building

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 22

 5 COMPANIES

Trabajo Práctico Nº2

Nombre y Apellido: ………………………………………………………….

Especialidad: …………………………………………….

Grupo N°: ………………………..

Comisión: ………………………..

Fecha de entrega: ……/……/…….

Aprobado Revisión Nota:

Contenidos:

 Presente Simple Vocabulario: Trabajo y empresa

 Cognados y falsos cognados Gerundios
 Conjunciones relativas: which- who

A) Lea el siguiente texto y responda en español:

1) ¿A qué se dedica Apple Inc.?

2) ¿Dónde opera esta compañía?
3) ¿Qué productos y servicios en particular ofrece Apple Inc.?
4) ¿Qué es el iPhone?
5) ¿Qué ofrece el iPhone 7?

Apple Inc., incorporated on January 3, 1977, designs, manufactures and markets mobile communication
and media devices, personal computers and portable digital music players. The Company sells a range of
related software, services, accessories, networking solutions and third-party digital content and
applications. The Company's segments include the Americas, Europe, Greater China, Japan and Rest of
Asia Pacific. The Americas segment includes both North and South America. The Europe segment includes
European countries, India, the Middle East and Africa. The Greater China segment includes China, Hong
Kong and Taiwan. The Rest of Asia Pacific segment includes Australia and the Asian countries not included
in the Company's other operating segments. The Company's products and services include iPhone, iPad,
Mac, iPod, Apple Watch, Apple TV, a portfolio of consumer and professional software applications, iPhone
OS (iOS), OS X and watchOS operating systems, iCloud, Apple Pay and a range of accessory, service and
support offerings.
The Company sells and delivers digital content and applications through the iTunes Store, App Store, Mac
App Store, television APP Store, iBooks Store and Apple Music (collectively Internet Services). The
Company sells its products through its retail stores, online stores and direct sales force through third-
party cellular network carriers, wholesalers, retailers and value-added resellers. The Company sells a
range of third-party Apple compatible products, including application software and accessories through its
retail and online stores. The Company sells to consumers, small and mid-sized businesses and education,
enterprise and government customers.
iPhone is the Company's line of smartphones based on its iOS operating system. iPhone includes Siri, a
voice activated intelligent assistant, and Apple Pay and touch ID on qualifying devices. The Company

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 23

offers iPhone 7 and 7 Plus, featuring new camera systems, stereo speakers and water and dust resistance.
The Company also sells iPhone SE, which has a four-inch Retina display.

Fuente: [Link]

B) Websearch. Complete these sentences with information about the company Sony
Corporation. Find the company profile on Wikipedia. Then, write a paragraph.

Sony corporation is a ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

It is (nationality) ………………………………………………………………. .

It is based in (city, country) …………………………………………………………………….. .

It was founded in ……………………………………………………………. .

It was founded by …………………………………………………………………………………….. .

Its chairman is …………………………………………….. and its CEO is ………………………………………………..

It operates (where?) ………………………………………………………… .

It produces ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. .

It provides …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… services.

It has sales of ………………………………………………………………………………………… .

It has ………………………………………………… employees.

Its main competitors are …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. .

C) Now write another paragraph about one of these companies: Telefonica, Audi, or
Bayer. Include the information required in B.

Grammar and Vocabulary

A) Read the following words and phrases and classify them in the correct category.

Sales Rep Logistics Sales Financial Director Purchasing Marketing

Chief Executive Officer Technical Support Personal Assistant

Human Resources Training Customer Service Technician Finance

Research & Development Human Resources Manager Chief Technology Officer
Receptionist Quality Control IT Team Leader Chief of Staff

Job Title Department

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 24

 B) Which department in A usually…

1. sells the products? ______________________________

2. looks for new markets for new or existing products? ___________________________
3. creates new products? ___________________________
4. answers technical questions for customers? _____________________________
5. answers all other questions for customers? ______________________________

C) Complete the sentences about other departments with words from the list. Use the
verb in Present Simple.
find buy check arrange maintain deal organize

1. The Logistics Department arranges the transport of products.

2. The Training Department ____________________ courses.
3. The Purchasing Department ____________________ from suppliers.
4. The Human Resources Department __________________ new staff.
5. The IT Department __________________ the computer system.
6. The Finance Department ___________________ with all the money.
7. The Quality Control Department ___________________ that the products have no defects.

D) 1. Now match these words with the correct definitions.

customers suppliers staff subcontractors training organizations consultant

employment agencies colleagues

a. companies which sell their products to you _______________

b. organizations which find new employees for you ________________
c. companies which do work for you which you can’t do yourself ________________
d. people who work in the same company as you ________________
e. organizations which offer courses to company employees ________________
f. a person from outside a company who gives expert advice ________________
g. companies which buy your products __________________
h. all the people who work for a company __________________

2. Circle the right answer: We use which to connect phrases related to people/things.

We use who to connect phrases related to people/things.

E) Complete the following sentences with the correct phrases.

have contact with divided into report to charge of responsible for

1. I have a meeting today with Anne Neves, who’s _________________ our software.
2. Our company is _______________________ three business units.
3. He’s the person in _______________________ buying for the whole group.
4. I _______________________ a lot of training organizations.
5. I _______________________ the HR Director.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 25

 F) Transcribe five noun phrases from the text in A and write their meanings in Spanish.

G) Write about yourself and your job. Then tell your partner.
(If you don’t work, imagine you work for a well-known company. Look for information on the
web)

I’m __________________________ (name)

I’m from ______________________ (city)

I’m __________________________ (nationality)

I work for _______________________

It’s a/n _____________________company/organization (nationality)

It’s a subsidiary of ______________________

It makes/produces _____________________________________________

It provides/offers ___________________________________________

It operates in ______________________

It specializes in _______________________

It has sales of _____________________

It has _____________ employees

It is based in __________________________ (country, city)

Its Head Office is in ________________________

Its main competitors are _____________________________________

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Listening

An employee is talking about her company. Listen and complete the information in the table.

Name of company BESAM

Products 1
A…………………………….. 2d…………………………. mechanisms: locks and
3
s…………………………….. systems.
Group Assa Abloy
Nationality 4
S………………………..
Number of employees 5
…………………………, 000
Sales 6
€ ……………………… billion
Number of subsidiaries 7
………………………….. in 40 countries
Other information Main 8
c……………………………. are the Eastern Company, Ingersoll-Rand
and Master Lock.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 26

 VERB TENSES

PRESENT SIMPLE

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

I live in Oxford. I don’t live in London. Do I live in Paris?
(Vivo en Oxford) (No vivo en Londres)
You work in a factory. You don’t work in an office Do you work in a hospital?
(¿Trabajás en un hospital?)
He plays football. He doesn’t play golf. Does he play tennis?
(Él juega al futbol) (Él no juega golf) (¿Juega al tenis?)
She watches TV She doesn’t watch the news. Does she watch comedies?
It has seven floors. It doesn’t have six floors. Does it have five floors?
We like tennis. We don’t like golf. Do we like volleyball?
They go to the cinema. They don’t go to the pub. Do they go to the club?

Usamos el Presente Simple para describir acciones de rutina, hábitos y costumbres, gustos, y hechos
reales.
Adverbs and adverbial phrases of frequency in Present Simple

Always (siempre) I always go to work by bus.

Usually (casi siempre, usualmente) We usually write reports.
Often (a menudo, frecuentemente) She often drives to work.
Sometimes (a veces) He’s sometimes late for work.
Hardly ever (casi nunca) I hardly ever buy the newspaper.
Never (nunca) It’s never late.
Once a week (una vez por semana) I play paddle once a week.
Twice a month (dos veces al mes) He takes a day off twice a month.
Three times a year (tres veces al año)
Everyday (todos los días) I get home at seven p.m. everyday.
Every Monday (todos los lunes)
Every month (todos los meses)
Every year (todos los años) We go on holiday every year.

Prepositions of time

in on at
the morning, afternoon, evening Monday seven o’clock
2016 July 1st night, midday, midnight, noon
January Christmas, Easter
spring, summer, autumn, winter lunchtime
momentos del día, años, meses, Fechas y días de la semana horas, celebraciones, etc.
estaciones, etc.

Homework

1. Complete with an adverb or adverbial phrase of frequency to make true sentences

about you.
a. I …………………………………… have breakfast at home.
b. I …………………………………… go to university by bus.
c. I use a computer ……………………………………………….. .
d. I’m ………………………………… late for class.
e. I go to the cinema ………………………………………………. .

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 27

 2. Complete with the correct preposition.

a. My birthday is ___ July 1st.

b. We usually go on a picnic ___ spring.
c. I always get up ___ 7 o’clock.
d. My birthday is ___ July.
e. In our office, everybody has lunch ___ midday.
f. Anne has her English lesson ___ Saturday morning.
g. Miguel was born ___ 1989.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Pronunciation

Triphthongs: Complete the columns with the correct sounds 1-5.

1 eɪə 2 aɪə 3 ɔɪə 4 əʊə 5 aʊə

Lawyer Player Lower Hour Fire

Royal Layer Slower Power Liar
Employer Mower Shower Tyre

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 28

 6 PERSONAL INFORMATION

Contenidos: El abecedario. Direcciones de email. Conversaciones telefónicas. Sonidos de vocales

y consonantes. Formularios.

A) Look at the table and practice the alphabet.

A eɪ F ef K keɪ P pi: U ju:

B bi: G dʒiː L el Q kju: V vi:
C si: H eɪtʃ M em R ɑː W dʌ[Link]ː
D di: I aɪ N en S es X eks
E i: J dʒeɪ O əʊ/ oʊ T ti: Y wai

Z zed/ zi:
Br.E Am.E

B) The English alphabet has seven sounds. Put the letters in the correct columns. Then,
answer: How do you spell your name/surname?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / /
A B F I ……………….. Q ………………..
H C L ……………….. …………………
………………. ………………. M ………………..
………………. ………………. ………………..
………………. ………………..
………………. ………………..
………………. Z
……………….
Z

Say these acronyms. What do they mean?

FBI UFO UN USA ESPN URL YPF HTML HBO WWW USB UK CNN DVD BBC LCD

C) Label the parts of these email addresses with words from the list.

reservations-2018@[Link]
hyphen

underscore

dot
jeffery_amherst@[Link]
at

colon

[Link] slash (forward slash)

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 29

 Saying email addresses

When you say an email address:

 remember that @ is pronounced ‘at’ and . is pronounced 'dot'.
reservations@[Link] is ‘reservations at beach hotel bern dot com’
 sometimes there is a . in the person's name. [Link]@[Link] is ‘jeffery
dot amherst at british council dot org’
 _ in an email address is called ‘underscore’. teaching_ job@english_academy.id is ‘teaching
underscore job at English underscore academy dot I D’.
 email addresses often include the name of the country that the address is from. This is the final
two or three letters of the address: .arg, uk, .es

[Link]

Telephone conversations

D) Listen to a phone call and check this email address. If it is wrong, correct it.

g_barlow@[Link]

Listen again and complete these sentences and questions.

1. It’s very noisy here. Can you ……………………. …………………….?

2. Are you …………………….?
3. No, just a ……………………… . I need to open a file.
4. OK, go ……………………. .
5. …………………………. ……………………….. you spell that?
6. …………………………. ……………………….. g dot bahlow at vqe dot com, ………………………..?
7. You’re welcome. Anything ……………………………..?
8. No, ………………………… ……………………….., thanks.

E) Here are some similar phrases. Match them with the phrases in D.

a. Can you spell that for me? __ e. No, there’s nothing else. __
b. Is that everything? __ f. I’m afraid I can’t hear you. __
c. Hang on. __ g. Let me read that back to you. It’s … __
d. Shall I start? __ h. I’m ready now. __

More telephone conversations.

F) Complete the telephone conversation with words from the list.

about afraid back calling course leave phoning speak this welcome

A Could I 1
______________ to Ms Rosie Walton, please?
B Who’s 2
______________ ?
A 3
______________ is Tom Jacks from ATC.
B Could you tell me what it’s 4
____________?

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 30

 A I’m 5
______________ to invite Rosie to our anniversary lunch next month.
B Well, I’m 6
______________ Ms Walton is out of the office at the moment.
A Oh. In that case, could I 7
______________ a message?
B Yes, of 8
______________ .
A Can you ask Rosie to call me 9___________?
B Yes, does she have your number?
A Yes, she does.
B OK, I’ll give her your message.
A Thanks very much.
B You’re 10
______________ .

Now read the dialogue in pairs changing information.

Writing: Forms

G) Match the words and short phrases 1-8 with the meanings a-h.

1. First name(s) __ a. What’s your nationality?

2. Family name __ b. What do you do?
3. Address __ c. Sign your name here.
4. Date of birth __ d. Where do you live?
5. Place of birth __ e. When were you born?
6. Occupation __ f. Where were you born?
7. Nationality __ g. What’s your first name?
8. Signature __ h. What’s your family name?

H) Complete the form about Hiroko with words and phrases from G.

My name is Hiroko Sato. I am Japanese, and I was born in Kyoto, in Japan, on 2nd September 1994. I’m
a maths student. I live at 22, Victoria Road, Manchester.

Family name
First name(s)
Date of birth
Place of birth
Occupation
Nationality
Address in the UK
Signature

Now write about you

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 31

 I) Complete the following landing card with your own information.

In pairs, ask and answer questions about your partner’s personal information on the card.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 32

Homework

1. Complete the telephone conversation with the phrases in the list.

OK, go ahead. You’re welcome. Sorry, how do you spell

Vazquez?
No, at E-T-C dot E-S Can I help you?
Can you speak up, please?
Can I speak to Sarah Is there anything else?
Reynolds, please?
Can I give her a message?

Paul Paul Weston, Harley Electronics. 1…Can I help you?.............

Pedro Yes, this is Pedro Vazquez from ETC. 2

………………………………………………………………..

Paul I’m afraid she’s in a meeting. 3 …………………………………………………………….

Pedro Yes, please. Could you ask her to email me the specifications of the JR-16 processors?

Paul Sorry, I didn’t catch that. 4 …………………………………………………………….

Pedro Yes, I need the specifications of the JR-16 processors.

Paul The JR-16 processors. OK. Does she have your email address, Mr Vazquez?

Pedro I think so, but I’ll give it to you in case she doesn’t have it.

Paul 5
………………………………………………………………..

Pedro It’s P underscore Vazquez at E-T-C dot ES.

Paul 6
………………………………………………………………..

Pedro V-A-Z-Q-U-E-Z

Paul OK, so that’s P underscore Vazquez, V-A-Z-Q-U-E-Z at E-T-Z dot ES.

Pedro 7
…………………………………………………………………

Paul E-T-C dot E-S.

Pedro Yes, that’s right.

Paul 8
........................................................, Mr Vazquez?

Pedro No, that’s all, thanks.

Paul 9
……………………………………………………………….. I’ll give Ms Reynolds your message.

Pedro Thanks, bye.

Paul Bye.

Now practise the dialogue in pairs. Change the underlined information.

2. Match the sentences on then left with the replies on the right.
1. Can I speak to Margaret, please? __ a. That’s V-E-R-K-E-L.
2. Could you speak up? The line is bad. __ b. No, not C, S-T-R-I-K…
3. Can you give me his email address? __ c. Yes, of course. Is that better?
4. Are you ready? __ d. No, that’s it. Thanks.
5. Is that one word? __ e. Yes, it’s George Wilson, one word, at FS
6. So, that’s S-T-R-I-C-O-V-A at… __ cables, dot, com.
7. Anything else? __ f. I’m afraid she’s out.
8. Thanks a lot. __ g. No, that’s Pablo underscore Lopez.
9. How do you spell that? __ h. You’re welcome.
i. Just a moment. OK, go ahead.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 33

 7 QUANTITY
Contenidos: Números, unidades de medida, y cantidades. Sustantivos contables e incontables.
There is/are. How much- how many. Adjetivos y pronombres cuantitativos.

Measurements

A) What do you know about non-metric measurements?

1. Which is longer: a kilometre or a mile?

2. Which is bigger: a litre or a gallon?

Now listen and check your answers. Write the numbers you hear.

Saying decimal numbers

After the point, say the numbers separately: 1.609 one point six oh nine

Before the point, say the numbers together 25.4 twenty five point four

After the point, 0 is zero or oh 4.54609 four point five four six oh nine

Before the point, 0 is nought or zero or it is not pronounced 0.45 nought point four five

point four five

Read these measurements aloud. Check the notes on decimal numbers for help.

1 mile= 1.609 km 1 gallon= 4.54609 1 inch= 25.4 mm 1 pound= 0.45 kg

B) In pairs, answer this quiz about measurements.

1. Which is longer: a centimetre or an inch?

2. Which is shorter: a metre or a yard?
3. Which is taller: a 200-metre building or a 200-foot building?
4. Which is faster: 100 kilometres an hour or 100 miles an hour?
5. Which is hotter: 100 degrees Celsius or 100 degrees Fahrenheit?
6. Which is colder: 0 degrees Celsius or 0 degrees Fahrenheit?
7. Which is heavier: a kilogram or a pound?
8. Which is lighter: a gram or an ounce?
9. Which holds more water: a one-litre bottle or a one-pint bottle?

C) Match these abbreviations to the correct measurements in the quiz.

ºC km in yd L oz cm gal m mph ºF lb ft

D) In pairs, choose a column (A or B) ad cover your partner’s chosen column. Ask and
answer.

Example: How many yards is one metre?

How many inches is one centimetre?

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 34

 Student A Student B
1 cm= 0.393701 in 1 cm= in
1 m= yd 1 m= 1.09361 yd
1 m= 3.2808 ft 1 m= ft
1 km= miles 1 km= 0.62 miles
100 ºC= 212 ºF 100 ºC= ºF
0 ºC= ºF 0 ºC=32 ºF
1 kg= 2.2 lb 1 kg= lb
1 tonne= tons 1 tonne= 1.1023 tons

Note: a British ton (long ton) = 2,240 pounds an American ton (short ton)= 2,000 pounds

a tonne (metric ton)= 1,000 kg (2,204 pounds)

Countables and uncountables

English nouns can be countable or uncountable.

Countables Uncountables
There is a box on the table.
There are three boxes on the floor.
There are some people in the hall. There is some vinegar for the salad.
There are a lot of machines in the factory. There’ s a lot of money to invest.
There aren’t any computers in my office. There isn’t any chlorine.
There are no computers in my office. There’s no chlorine.
Are there any computers in your office? Is there any chlorine? Yes, there is. (some)
Yes, there are. (two)/ No, there aren’t. (any) No, there isn’t. (any)
How many boxes are there? How much bubble wrap is there?
The machines work efficiently. The packaging costs a lot.
The equipment is fragile.
Countable nouns have a plural form: box- boxes; truck-trucks; man-men (see page 12)

Uncountable nouns take a singular verb forms.

Uncountable nouns can take partitive nouns: a piece of news, a piece of advice, a piece of furniture

a bottle of water, a pack of flour, a cup of coffee

A) Are these nouns countable (C) or uncountable (U)?

1. equipment 7. fact 13. defect 19. experiment
2. computer 8. news 14. waste 20. test
3. machine 9. information 15. pollution 21. physics
4. machinery 10. data 16. petrol/gasoline 22. money
5. packaging 11. advice 17. gas 23. dollar
6. pack 12. suggestion 18. research 24. time

B) Tick () the sentences that are correct. Correct the sentences that are wrong.
Example
How many time will we need?
much

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 35

1. I need some informations about train times.
2. How many times a year should we replace these filters?
3. There are a lot of datas here that we don’t need?
4. How much new machines will you need next year?
5. All our machinery are state of the art?
6. These equipment is very difficult to use.
7. If the tests is successful, we’ll start production in about six weeks.
8. Physics is the study of matter and energy.
9. How much dollars do we need?
10. The goal is zero defects and zero wastes.
11. How many times a year do you go on holidays?
12. How much is it?

Homework

1. Match the imperial measurement on the left with the equivalent metric measurement
on the right.

a. 1 inch __ 1. 1.6 km
b. 1 pound __ 2. 25.4 mm
c. 1 ounce __ 3. 28 g
d. 1 yard __ 4. 3.79 L
e. 1 gallon __ 5. 454 g
f. 1 foot __ 6. 30.48 cm
g. 1 mile __ 7. 0.57 L
h. 1 pint __ 8. 0.91 m

2. Complete the questions with how much, how many, is there, are there.

a. …………………………………… time do we have?

b. …………………………………… any national holidays this month?
c. …………………………………… any petrol in the can?
d. ………………………………….. money do you have?
e. ………………………………….. euros does an iPhone cost?
f. ………………………………….. any tools in the box?
g. ………………………………….. new machinery ………………………………..?
h. ……………………………………. any good news about the job promotion?

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 36

 8 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
technologyTECHNOLOGYTrabajo Práctico N°3
Nombre y Apellido: ………………………………………………………….

Especialidad: …………………………………………….

Grupo N°: ………………………..

Comisión: ………………………..

Fecha de entrega: ……/……/…….

Aprobado Revisión Nota:

Contenidos

 Referentes Frases nominales Comparativos y superlativos Prefijos Futuro

A) Read the text and answer: True or False. Explain the false answers.
1) Processed data cannot only be seen in printed form.
2) Peripherals are part of the computer’s hardware.
3) The user can extract the finished product from the system through input devices.

What is a computer? TEXT 1

1
A computer is an electronic machine which can collection of RAM chips) holds the instructions and
accept data in a certain form, process the data, data which are being
and give the results of the processing in a 25
processed by the CPU. Peripherals are the
specified format as information. physical units attached to the computer. They
5
First, data is fed into the computer’s memory. include storage devices and input/output devices.
Then, when the program is run, the computer Storage devices such as hard drives, DVD drives
performs a set of instructions and processes the 30
or flash drives provide a permanent storage of
data. Finally, we can see the results (the output) both data and programs. Disk drives are used to
on the screen or in printed form. read and write data on disks. Input devices
10
A computer system consists of two parts: enable data to go into the computer’s memory.
hardware and software. Hardware is any The most common input device are the mouse
electronic or mechanical part you can see or 35
and the keyboard. Output devices enable us to
touch. Software is a set of instructions, called a extract the finished product from the system. For
program, which tells the computer what to do. example, the computer shows the output on the
15
There are three basic hardware sections: the monitor or prints the results onto paper by means
central processing unit (CPU), main memory and of a printer.
peripherals. 40
On the rear panel of the computer there are
Perhaps the most influential component is the several ports into which we can plug a wide range
central processing unit. Its function is to of peripherals – a modem, a digital camera, a
20
execute program instructions and coordinate scanner, etc. They allow communication between
the activities of all the other units. In a way, it is the computer and the devices. Modern desktop
the ‘brain’ of the computer. The main memory (a 45
PCs have USB ports and memory card readers
on the front panel.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 37

 B) Answer in Spanish.

1) What is hardware?

2) What do the words “First”, “Then” and “Finally” indicate? Explain the operations.

3) What does an input device permit?

4) What can you find on the rear or front panel of the PCs?

C) Match the words 1-9 with their meanings a-j.

1 SOFTWARE a) The brain of the computer. 1
2 PERIPHERALS b) Physical parts that make up a computer system. 2
3 MAIN MEMORY c) Programs which can be used on a particular computer 3
system.
4 HARD DRIVE d) The information which is presented to the computer. 4
5 HARDWARE e) Results produced by a computer. 5
6 INPUT f) Input devices attached to the CPU. 6
7 PORTS g) Section that holds programs and data while they are 7
executed or processed.
8 OUTPUT h) Magnetic device used to store information. 8
9 CENTRAL i) Sockets into which an external device may be 9
PROCESSING UNIT connected.

D) Find and underline examples in the text and write them down:

a) two verbs in simple present (omit ‘to be’) …………..…………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) two countable nouns …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) two adjectives ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) two prepositions ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….

e) one gerund …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……

E) Reference. What do these words refer to?

a) which (line 1): ………………………………..

b) we (line 8): ………………………………..
c) they (line 26): ………………………………..

F) Answer

1) ¿Qué información relaciona y a que categoría de conector pertenece la frase “such as” en la
línea 29?
2) ¿Cómo traduciría las siguientes frases nominales?
physical units attached to the computer: ………………………………………………………………………….
USB ports and memory card readers: ……………………………………………………………………………….

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 38

 G) Speaking: Ask your partners and complete the following table.

Question You Student 1 Student 2 Student 3

How often do you use a
computer?
What do you use the
computer for?
What computer languages do
you know?
What’s your favourite
operating system? Why?

H) Read this article and answer the questions in Spanish. Then underline six examples
of comparative adjectives.

Macs® and PCs

TEXT 2
As Apple® grows in popularity, the Mac® versus PC debate continues. Many businesses experience
trouble choosing between the two. However, businesses must realize that each computer is suited
for different needs.
The two differ most in their operating systems. With a PC you have a variety of OS options from
Microsoft® and other sources. Macs® come with one of the proprietary Apple® OSes like OS X®.
You can install Windows® on a Mac®, but many users prefer the Mac® OS regardless.
Macs® have proven themselves vital in publishing, particularly the prepress process. Mac® has
superior typography and colour matching. Once printed, products look exactly as good as they
do on the computer screen.
Meanwhile, PCs are noted for their fast processing speed and adaptability. Users can customize
a PC to their needs. Additionally, their video subsystems are more powerful. This makes PCs
desirable for game designers and other who need advanced graphics.
However, both computers have their limitations. While PCs are cheaper, they are also more
susceptible to viruses. Macs® usually cost more but are less susceptible to computer viruses.
However, Macs® tend to have fewer third-party software options than PCs. Businesses need to
consider such concerns and make the right decision when buying computers for their companies.

1. Why do people prefer one operating system over another?

2. What disadvantages of each system are mentioned in the text?

I) Read text 2 again and do the following exercises.

1. Read the statements and mark True or False. Correct the false answers.

a. Macs are generally more expensive than PCs. ___

b. PCs are better suited to publishing. ___
c. PCs have fewer options from third-party software producers. ___

2. Match the words in bold from the text with the definitions below.

a. company that creates the most common PC operating system ………………………………………….

b. part of a computer that creates visuals …………………………………………

c. a measurement of how quickly a computer works ……………………………………………….

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 39

d. operating system for PCs ………………………………………….

e. changing your computer for your needs …………………………………………….

f. operating system for Macs ………………………………………………

g. company that creates Macs ……………………………………………….

3. Now fill in the blanks with the correct words in bold from the text.

a. A …………………………………… comes with OS X.

b. Publishing software is needed for the ……………………………………… process.
c. Good ……………………………………… means anything printed out looks exactly like what’s
on screen.
d. I’m getting a ……………………………………………. because I like the Windows OS.
e. The ……………………………………………… on this computer includes hundreds of fonts.

J) Complete the text with the adjectives in brackets () in comparative or superlative form.

OS battles

Windows, Linux and Unix are different computer operating systems (OS). You need an operating system
to run any computer- both PCs at home or in the office, and the big network servers that connect other
computers. Windows is the (popular) most popular system for PCs in the world. There are also versions
of Windows for network servers, but in this market, Unix-based systems are (common)
a
_______________________ than Microsoft systems. A newcomer to the battle is Linux.
If we compare Windows and Linux as systems for network servers, they have different strengths and
weakness, but many experts say Unix is a (good) b
____________________ system. It is (small)
_____________________ and (efficient)d ______________________ than Windows. In addition, it is
c

(stable) e________________________, while Windows has a reputation for crashing. Linux is based on
Unix but it is (easy) f______________________
to use. The main difference between Linux and the other two systems is that it is “open source”. This
means it is free and that anyone can modify it or write programs for it. This makes it much (cheap)
g
______________________, but for most people Linux systems are still (difficult)
h
_________________________ to use than Windows.
Another advantage of Windows for PC users is that it has the (big) i____________________ offer of
programs and applications. The range of software for Linux is (wide) j___________________________
than before, but there is still problem for people who want to play games, for example.
Google's Android and Apple's iOS are operating systems used primarily in mobile technology, such as
smartphones and tablets. Android, which is Linux-based and partly open source, is (PC-like) k_________
___________ than iOS, in that its interface and basic features are generally (customizable)l_________
___________ from top to bottom. However, iOS' uniform design elements are sometimes seen as being
(user-friendly) m______________________.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 40

Grammar Reference 1
A prefix comes at the beginning of a word and usually has a specific meaning, for example inter=
between.
Look at the following prefixes and their use:

Prefix Meaning of prefix Example of use

inter- between internet, interconnect,
interactive, international

intra- within intranet (e.g. company

intranet)

trans- across
transmit, transfer, transaction

co-/com-/con- with combine, compatible,

connect, configure
up- up (to internet) upload

K) Complete the word in the following sentence by adding the prefix inter-, intra-,
trans-, com-, con-,up- or down-

1- Last month computer _________time cost the company over € 10,000 in lost production.
2- The computers in the production department are now successfully ________ connected.
3- Once you complete payment details, the data will be ________mitted via a secure link.
4- We cannot network these computers because the systems are not ________patible.
5- Many companies distribute internal documents on their own _________net.
6- Once the home page is completed, we’ll be ready to __________ load the site.
7- There are cables outside the building because the network requires physical
_________ nections.
8- By using the network he can ________bine the data from different reports.

L) Listening. Listen to two colleagues shopping online and complete this dialogue.

Bob: What do you think? Which 1………………………………… is better for the sales team?
Daisy: I’m not sure. This computer has a 2……………………………… memory and I think it has a
3
…………………………………. processor.
Bob: And the other one?
Daisy: Well, it is 4……………………………….. .
Bob: And 5………………………………….
Daisy: Yes, you’re right. 6…………………………………………………..
Bob: But the bigger one is 7………………………………. .
Daisy: 8
……………………….. what is our decision?
Bob: I’m not 9………………………………. 10
………………………… go for a coffee and discuss this again.
Track 13, English for Information Technology

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 41

 9 INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES

Trabajo Práctico Nº4

Nombre y Apellido: ………………………………………………………….

Especialidad: …………………………………………….

Grupo N°: ………………………..

Comisión: ………………………..

Fecha de entrega: ……/……/…….

Aprobado Revisión Nota:

Contenidos: Pasado Simple. Wh-questions. Adverbios de modo.

TECHNO QUIZ Are you a techno genius or a techno beginner?

1. Which of these scientists discovered gravity?
a) Richard Feynman c) Isaac Newton
b) Thomas Edison d) Alexander Graham Bell

2. Which of these scientists was also a great artist?

a) Robert Boyle c) Leonardo da Vinci
b) Marie Curie d) Michael Faraday
3. Stephen Hawking was an expert in which of these areas?
a) Germs b) Primates c) Genetics d) Black holes

4. Which of these scientists helped develop vaccines?

a) Stephen Hawking b) Nicolas Copernicus c) Louis Pasteur d) Tim Berners-Lee

5. Which of these scientists invented a way of classifying living things?

a) Tim Berners-Lee b) Carl Linnaeus c) Louis Pasteur d) Charles Darwin

6. Which of these scientists was a fossil expert?

a) Michael Faraday b) Anders Celsius c) Mary Anning d) Marie Curie

7. Which scientist discovered the four biggest moons of Jupiter?

a) Nicolas b) Isaac Newton c) Archimides d) Galileo Galilei
Copernicus

8. Which of these scientists discovered that germs cause disease?

a) Louis Pasteur c) Linus Pauling
b) Albert Einstein d) Jane Goodall

9. Which of these scientists showed that oxygen was important to combustion?

a) Antoine Lavoisier c) Gregor Mendel
b) Francis Crick d) Marie Curie

10. Who was the first woman to win a Nobel prize?

a) Ada Lovelace b) Rosalind Franklin c) Marie Curie d) Rachel Carson

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 42

Part 1
A) Look at the following noun phrases and tick () the electrical objects you use every day.

• Mobile phone • alarm clock • mobile phone charger

• electrical hairdryer • electric cooker • electric toaster
• LED TV • electric toothbrush • MP3 player
• portable radio • electric kettle

B) Read the following article quickly and complete the chart.

INVENTION Who? When? What nationality?

the wheel

the printing press

the refrigerator

the telegraph

the steam engine

the car

the light bulb

the computer

the Internet

Inventions that changed the world

1
When you imagine inventors, you probably picture a lone genius in a laboratory concocting brilliant
devices, experimenting and redesigning until some concept or contraption works perfectly. At that point,
the new invention is unveiled to the world, a stunning piece of new technology that instantly changes
everything.
5
The wheel is an invention so ancient that we have no way of knowing who first developed it. The oldest
wheel and axle mechanism we've found was near Ljubljana, Slovenia, and dates to roughly 3100 B.C.
The wheel made the transportation of goods much faster and more efficient, especially when affixed to
horse-drawn chariots and carts.
Like many of the inventions on this list, we believe a German blacksmith invented the printing press
10
(Johann Gutenberg in the 1430s), but he actually improved on pre-existing technologies and made them
useful and efficient enough to become popular. The world already had paper and block printing - the
Chinese had them as early as the 11th century - but the complexity of their language limited popularity.
Marco Polo brought the idea to Europe in 1295. Gutenberg combined the idea of block printing with a
screw press, and developed metal printing blocks instead of hand-carved wooden letters in use previously.
15
Finally,his advances in ink and paper production helped revolutionize the whole process of mass printing.
It's difficult to pinpoint a single inventor of the refrigerator, because the concept was widely known and
gradually improved over the course of about 200 years. Some credit American Oliver Evans' 1805

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 43

unproduced design of a vapour-compression unit, while others point to another man from Germany, Carl
von Linde's 1876 design as the actual precursor of the modern refrigerator in your kitchen.
20
Maybe it's cheating to classify the telegraph, telephone, radio and television into one "invention," but
the development of communication technology has been a continuum of increased utility and flexibility
since another American, Samuel Morse invented the electric telegraph in 1836 (building on the prior work
of others, of course). The telephone simply refined the idea by allowing actual voice communications to
be sent over copper wires, instead of just beeps that spelled out the plain text in Morse code. These
25
communication methods were point-to-point and required an extensive infrastructure of wires to
function.
Transmitting signals wirelessly using electromagnetic waves was a concept worked on by many inventors
around the world, but Italian Guglielmo Marconi and Serbian-American Nikola Tesla popularized it in the
early 20th century. Eventually, sound could be transmitted wirelessly, while engineers gradually perfected
30
the transmission of images. Radio and television were new landmarks in communications because they
allowed a single broadcaster to send messages to thousands or even millions of recipients as long as they
were equipped with receivers.
The Industrial Revolution, which is perhaps the greatest change over the shortest period of time in the
history of civilization, was carried forward by the steam engine. The concept of using steam to power
35
machines had been around for thousands of years, but in 1769, James Watt modified a Thomas
Newcomen’s engine by adding a separate condenser, which vastly increased the steam engine's power
and made it a far more practical way to do work. Thus, the Scottish is often considered the inventor of
the steam engine.
If the steam engine mobilized industry, the automobile mobilized people. While ideas for personal vehicles
40
had been around for years, German Karl Benz's 1885 Motorwagen, powered by an internal combustion
engine of his own design, is widely considered the first automobile. Henry Ford's improvements in the
production process -- and effective marketing -- brought the price and the desire for owning an auto into
the reach of most Americans. Europe soon followed.
When we refer to the light bulb, we immediately think of Thomas Edison as the electric light bulb's
45
inventor, but dozens of people were working on similar ideas in the 1870s, when the American developed
his incandescent bulb. Joseph Swan did similar work in Britain at the time, and eventually the two merged
their ideas into a single company, Ediswan.
There is no single inventor of the modern computer, although the ideas of British mathematician Alan
Turing are considered eminently influential in the field of computing. Mechanical computing devices were
50
in existence in the 1800s (there were even rare devices that could be considered computers in ancient
eras), but electronic computers were invented in the 20th century.
The Internet, a network of computers covering the entire planet, allows people to access almost any
information located anywhere in the world at any time. Its effects on business, communication, economy,
entertainment and even politics are profound.
55
DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency), the research and development arm of the U.S.
military, created ARPANET in the late 1960s. This network of computer-to-computer connections was
intended for military and academic research. Other computer networks began to cross the globe in the
next few years, and by the late 1970s computer scientists had created a single protocol, TCP/IP, that

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 44

would allow computers on any network to communicate with computers on other networks. This was,
essentially, the birth of the Internet, but it took 10 or so years to make the Internet truly global.

Adapted from [Link]

C) Infer and transcribe the words in English from the text.

elaborar (line 1) ………………………………………… en realidad (line 10) ……………………………………
dispositivos (line 2) …………………………………… en lugar de (line 14) …………………………………..
revelar (line 3) …………………………………………… precisar (line 16) …………………………………………
tan (line 5) …………………………………………………. hito, hecho histórico (line 30) …………………….
eje (line 6) …………………………………………………. siempre y cuando(line 31) ………………………….
como (line 9) …………………………………………….. thus (line 37) ………………………………………………
herrero (line 9) ……………………………………………

D) What do the highlighted words from the text refer to?

you (line 1) ………………………………………………….. it (line 28) …………………………………………………….

his (line 15) …………………………………………………. the two (line 36) ………………………………………….

E) Read the text and complete the table with verbs in past simple.

Regular verbs Irregular verbs

F) Transcribe five examples of gerunds and five adverbs of manner.

Gerunds Adverbs of manner
……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………

G) Explain in Spanish: what did the following inventors develop?

Johann Gutenberg James Watt
Alan Turing Samuel Morse

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 45

Part 2
A) Correct these false sentences by using the negative form of the Past Simple.

a) Alexander Graham Bell invented the radio.

Alexander Graham Bell didn’t invent the radio. He invented the telephone.
b) Thomas Newcomen developed the first steam engine.
_________________________________________________________________________
c) Henry Ford created the first car.
_________________________________________________________________________
d) Thomas Edison was British.
_________________________________________________________________________
e) Nikola Tesla designed the first refrigerator.
_________________________________________________________________________
f) The Internet became global in the 1970s.
_________________________________________________________________________

B) Write the verb in these sentences in past simple.

1. Richard G. Drew (1899-1980) (invent)………………………………... masking tape and clear adhesive

tape (also called cellophane tape or Scotch tape)
2. On November 23, 1927, Erik Rotheim (patent)…………………………… a can with a valve and
propellant systems - it (can) ………………………………... hold and dispense liquids.
3. On December 17, 1903, the "Flyer" (fly) ………………………………. for 12 seconds and for a distance of
120 feet (37 m). The flight (take) ……………………………... place at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, USA.
4. Archimedes (287-212 BC) (be) …………………………... a prolific ancient Greek mathematician. What
……………………………. he (invent)……………………………...? The water screw.
5. Primitive assembly line production (be not) ………………………… first used by Henry Ford. In 1901
Ransome Eli Olds (1864-1950) (do) ………………………… it. He (manufacture) ……………………………….
the Oldsmobile, the first commercially successful American car.

C) Scan the text about Tesla. Complete the sentences with information from paragraph 1 and 6 from
the text.

a) He was born in………………………………..

b) He worked as ………………………………..

c) He went to America in ………………………………..

d) He died in ………………………………..

D) Read the text and match paragraphs 1-6 with the headings a-f

a) A strange man …………

b) A brilliant boy …………
c) A forgotten inventor …………
d) Tesla’s inventions …………
e) Electricity for today’s world …………
f) First job in the US ………….

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 46

 THE INVENTOR OF MODERN LIFE

His work with electricity and his inventions changed the way we live

1
Nikola Tesla was born at midnight during an electrical storm in Serbo-Croatia in 1856. He was a child genius and
invented his first machine when he was only four. Tesla studied electrical engineering in Austria and at
Prague University, then worked as an engineer. Then, in 1884, he travelled to America and arrived with very
little money to survive!
2
In the US, Tesla worked for Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb. But he left because they had
different ideas and Edison didn`t pay him very well.
3
Tesla then worked for George Westinghouse. He invented an electricity system for the lights at the 1893
Chicago World Fair. It was a great success. After that, Tesla’s system produced the electricity of the modern
world.
4
Tesla also invented fluorescent lights, the modern radio, lasers and robots. But he didn’t earn much money
from his ideas.
5
Tesla was a strange man. He started in the afternoon and always worked in the dark. And he always watched
electrical storms – and dreamed. Tesla had an extraordinary memory. He spoke several languages and he could
remember complete books. He imagined, built and tested machines in his mind.
6
Tesla died in 1943. He spent his las years alone in a New York hotel. His inventions changed the way people live.

E) Circle the correct answer

1) Tesla’s first job was

a) a doctor b) a teacher c) an engineer
2) At the World Fair in 1893, Tesla worked for
a) Wastinghouse b) Edison c) Chicago
3) Tesla invented
a) Electrical storms b) the light bulb c) robots
4) Tesla developed his ideas
a) on paper b) in his mind c) during storms

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Listening
Listen to this TV programme and match the inventions with the inventors and the years.

Tim Berners-Lee __ __ Sabeer Bathia __ __ Otto Wichterle __ __ Martin Cooper __ __

a. Contact lenses
b. Mobile phones
c. World Wide Web
d. Hotmail
e. 1991
f. 1961
g. 1996
h. 1973

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 47

 Speaking

General Knowledge Quiz

a. Complete with was, wasn’t, were, weren’t to make true sentences.

1. Napoleon ………………………………. an Austrian Emperor.

2. The Olympic Games ……………………………… in Rio de Janeiro in 2012.
3. Albert Einstein ………………………………. born in Germany.
4. Valentina Tereshkova …………………………………. the first woman in space.
5. The Vikings ………………………………… from Scotland.
6. The 2010 World Cup ………………………………. in South Africa.
7. Che Guevara …………………………… born in Cuba.
8. Barack Obama……………………………. the president of the USA for six years.
9. Socrates and Plato …………………………………… Greek philosophers
10. The Beatles……………………………… from Manchester.

Then make questions to test your partner’s memory.

Was Napoleon an Austrian Emperor? Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t.

Were the Olympic Games in Rio in 2012? Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Grammar Reference: Verb to be (Past form)

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I was I wasn’t Was I?
You were You weren’t Were you?
He/she/it was He/she/it wasn’t Was he/ she/it?
We/ they were We/ they weren’t Were we/they?

PAST SIMPLE
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I lived in Oxford. I didn’t live in London. Did I live in Paris?
(Yo viví en Oxford) (no vivía en Londres)
You worked in a factory. You didn’t work in an office Did you work in a hospital?
(¿Trabajaste en un hospital?)
He played football. He didn’t play golf. Did he play tennis?
She watched TV She didn’t watch the news. Did she watch comedies?
It had seven floors. It didn’t have six floors. Did it have five floors?
We liked tennis. We didn’t like golf. Did we like volleyball?
They went to the cinema. They didn’t go to the pub. Did they go to the club?

Usamos el Pasado Simple para describir eventos finalizados en pasado. En afirmativo, los verbos
regulares llevan ed, pero los irregulares cambian (ver segunda columna de la lista de verbos
irregulares)

Adverbs and adverbial phrases in past simple.

Last night (anoche) Yesterday (ayer)

Last weekend (el fin de semana pasado) This morning (esta mañana)
Last week (la semana pasada) Two weeks ago (hace dos semanas)
Last month (el mes pasado) Four months ago (hace cuatro meses)
Last year (el año pasado) In 2005
Last holidays (las vacaciones pasadas)

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 48

GRAMMAR: TWENTY VERBS TO REMEMBER

Infinitive Spanish Past Participle

be ……………… was/were been
come ……………… came come
do ……………… did done
find ……………… found found
get ……………… got got
give ……………… gave given
go ……………… went gone
have ……………… had had
know ……………… knew known
make ……………… made made
put ……………… put put
say ……………… said said
see ……………… saw seen
take ……………… took taken
tell ……………… told told
think ……………… thought thought
look ……………… looked looked
use ……………… used used
want ……………… wanted wanted
work ……………… worked worked

Countries, nationalities and languages

Countries Nationalities Other examples

Argentina Argentinian Russia- Russian
Brazil Brazilian Australia- Australian
Canada Canadian Peru- Peruvian
Italy Italian Colombia- Colombian
Croatia Croatian Norway- Norwegian
The USA American Uruguay- Uruguayan
Germany German Venezuela- Venezuelan
Mexico Mexican Chile- Chilean
Britain, England, Scotland, Ireland British, English, Scottish, Irish Poland- Polish
Finland Finnish Turkey- Turkish
Spain Spanish Denmark- Danish
Sweden Swedish
China Chinese Vietnam- Vietnamese
Japan Japanese Taiwan- Taiwanese
Portugal Portuguese
France French Czech Republic- Czech
Greece Greek Israel- Israeli
Switzerland Swiss
Netherlands Dutch
Thailand Thai

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 49

 10 TRANSPORT
Contenidos: Comparativos y superlativos. Tiempos futuros.

A) What is special about these vehicles? Read and listen to this advertisement for a radio
programme and find out. Then fill in the blanks.

A: Tonight on Car Chat we’re looking at some of the 6 ………………………………………. tilted over 45
the 1………………………………………… ways to get degrees.
around town. Peter test drives the Segway, the V: It’s fun, isn’t it?
personal transporter that knows what you’re C: Yes, 7
………………………………………… fun than a
thinking. normal car. It felt 8…………………………………….. too.
P: This is 2………………………………………. thing! There Let’s go again and this time I want you to tilt it
are sophisticated sensors in the platform I’m over further.
standing on, so I just lean forward and it moves A: And last but not 9……………………………………..,
3
………………………………………………. I lean back and Jeremy takes off in the world’s first flying car.
it moves back. No accelerator, no brakes, and J: What’s ……………………………………….. thing
10

it’s 4…………………………………………….. than a car. about driving?

B: Is it ………………………………………. than riding a
5
B: Traffic.
bicycle, Peter? D: The traffic.
P: Oh yes. It runs on a battery so I don’t have E: Traffic jams.
to pedal. J: Well, I’m not going to sit in traffic today. This
A: Also on tonight’s show – Claire goes for a ride is the Skycar. It isn’t 11

with the inventor of the Carver – a two-seater ………………………………………… to run as a car, but if
car that thinks it’s a motorbike. there’s a traffic jam, it can open its wings and
C: Wow! fly into the sky.
V: So did you like it? A: So don’t miss the fun. Tune into Car Chat –
C: It’s amazing! When we went round that bend, tonight. Seven o’clock. Radio 416.

Segway Carver Skycar

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 50

 Segway i2 SE Carver Skycar
Price USD 6,000 USD 45,000 USD 2,300,000
Top speed 20 km/h 185 km/h 630 km/h
Dimensions footprint 65 cm x 63 cm 340 x 130 x 140 cm * 5.5 x 2.7 x 1.8 m *
Weight 48 kg 640 kg 1,000 kg
Engine output kW/hp 1.5/2 kW/hp 48.5/65 kW/hp 716/960
Maximum range 38 km 630 km 1,450 km
* L, W, H: length, width, height

B) Answer the questions about the dialogue.

1. What’s the subject of tonight’s Car Chat show?

2. Why does Peter think the Segway is the coolest thing?
3. How does it compare to a car and a bike?
4. What happens to the Carver when it goes round a bend?
5. How does it compare to a normal car?
6. What’s the worst thing about driving?
7. How does a Skycar compare to a normal car?

C) Look at the specifications for the vehicles in A. How do they compare to other vehicles?
Make sentences:

Example: The Segway is taller than a bike and it’s much heavier.

1. Segway/bike
2. Carver/motorbike
3. Skycar/car
4. Carver/car
5. Skycar/helicopter
6. Segway/electric scooter

D) Now compare the three vehicles.

Which one is …

1. the most useful in a city? Fun: enjoyable

2. the easiest to use? Funny: something that makes
3. the most difficult to maintain? you laugh/ something strange
4. the safest?
5. the least comfortable to travel in or on? For example: The film was
6. the most fun? very funny.
7. the most exciting? This water tastes funny.
8. the best vehicle for you to get to work/university?

E) What about you? Practice making some estimates about the transport systems you use.
Roughly speaking.

1. How do you get to work/university?

2. How far is it from your home to your workplace/university?
3. How long does it take you to get to work/university?
4. How far will you travel this week?
5. How much will you spend on petrol this month?
6. How much will you spend on travelling this year (cars, petrol, flights, trains, etc.)?

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 51

E) Read the following predictions and underline the verbs in future tense.

The Future of Transport

For a novel form of transport to make a material difference to our lives, several key requirements must
be satisfied. Obviously, the new technology must work safely, and operate within an appropriate
regulatory framework. But public acceptance and solid business models are also vital if a new idea is to
move from R&D lab into mainstream usage.

Traveling via Hyperloop will be here before Future cars

we know it. Autos and trucks of the future will use vision
In fact, a few start-ups aim to break ground on enhancement devices to help you navigate
the Hyperloop, which is a futuristic tubular through bad weather and warn you of a possible
system that shoots pod-like capsules between collision with a pedestrian or animal. They will
destinations at speeds of more than 500 miles per also let you know if you are getting drowsy or
hour, as soon as next year. Hyperloops will be a straying from your lane.
pretty normal form of transportation. Driverless cars
Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) are
Flying cars will exist in the coming years. getting the lion's share of attention, but the wider
The success of prototypes such as the AeroMobil implications of CAVs and other novel forms of
3.0 is seen as a sign that flying cars will exist in transport are also firmly on the agenda - including
the future. The flying cars will be able to hover smarter, greener cities and more efficient
above the ground at any altitude, but they won't distribution of freight and consumer deliveries.
zip around like in popular movie depictions. Driverless systems will be ubiquitous in ten years’
time.

Adapted from: [Link] and [Link]

F) Answer about the text above.

1. What is the Hyperloop? How fast will passengers travel?

2. How will flying cars travel?
3. What will be the purpose of using vision enhancement devices?
4. Explain in English the meaning of the word ubiquitous.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 52

Grammar Reference

Future forms
We use the Future Simple (will/won’t + verb) in the following ways:
 To make predictions: Nanonobots will be injected into the body´s bloodstream to treat
diseases.
 To talk about hopes and promises: They hope that people will interact naturally with
hundreds of smart devices at a time.
 To describe an instant decision, often when we make an offer: I’ll help you.

We use going to Future (verb to be+ going to+ verb) in the following ways:

 To describe future intentions: She’s going to write a book about new technologies.
 To make predictions based on evidence: Nanotechnology is going to have a huge
impact on business.

We use Present Continuous for future use to talk about arrangements and concrete and
immediate plans: We’re leaving to Madrid on Monday at 10 a.m.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Homework

Complete the sentences from this dialogue with the correct form of the verb. What are the
underlined words and phrases?

1. The results of the tests (be) …………………………………………… ready after the summer. (Future
Simple)
2. I (submit) …………………………………………….. my paper to the science journal next month. (Present
Continuous)
3. I (upload) …………………………………………….. the new web page next week. (going to)
4. We (digitize) ……………………………………………….. the pictures. (going to)
5. When (install) ………………………you ….…………………….. the new hardware? (Future Simple)
6. I (send) …………………………………………….. the electrical contractor tomorrow. (Present
Continuous)

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 53

 11 BRILLIANT MINDS

Trabajo Práctico Nº 5

Nombre y Apellido: ………………………………………………………….

Especialidad: …………………………………………….

Grupo N°: ………………………..

Comisión: ………………………..

Fecha de entrega: ……/……/…….

Aprobado Revisión Nota:

Contenidos: Voz Pasiva en presente y pasado. Conectores y adverbios.

A) Read the following text and underline ten examples of passive voice.

Women’s inventions and discoveries

It is commonly said that necessity is the mother of invention. Although it wasn't always easy
to get patents or the credit they deserved, women are responsible for many items we use today.
The dishwasher was invented by a woman called Josephine Cochrane in 1886. She was a rich American
who gave a lot of dinner parties. But she was annoyed that her servants used to break plates and glasses
when they were washing up after a party. So, Josephine decided to try and invent a machine which could
wash a lot of plates and glasses safely. She designed the machine and then she found a company to make
it. At first only hotels and restaurants bought Josephine’s new machine but today the dishwasher is used
by millions of people all over the world.
The car was invented by a man, but it was a woman, Mary Anderson, who in 1903 solved one of the
biggest problems of driving. Until her invention it was impossible for drivers to see where they were going
when it was raining or snowing. They had to open their window. Mary’s windscreen wipers were patented
as “a window cleaning device for electric cars and other vehicles”.
The element radium, in the form of radium chloride, was discovered by Marie Curie and Pierre Curie in
1898. They extracted the radium compound from uraninite and published the discovery at the French
Academy of Sciences five days later. Radium was isolated in its metallic state by Marie Curie and André-
Louis Debierne through the electrolysis of radium chloride in 1910.
Policemen, soldiers and politicians all over the world are protected by something which was invented
by a woman. In 1966, Stephanie Kwolek invented Kevlar, a special material which was very light but
incredibly strong, much stronger than metal. This material is used to make bullet-proof vests.
Nuclear fission of heavy elements was discovered in 1938 by Otto Hahn and his assistant Fritz
Strassmann, and explained theoretically in January 1939 by Lise Meitner and her nephew Otto Robert
Frisch. Frisch named the process by analogy with biological fission of living cells.
INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 54
 Austrian-American Hedy Lamarr invented a secret communications system during World War II for
radio-controlling torpedoes by employing "frequency hopping" technology. This laid the technological
foundations for everything from Wi-Fi to Bluetooth. Though the US Navy did not adopt the technology
until the 1960s, the principles of their work are now incorporated into those modern technologies. She
also happened to be a world-famous film star.
An African-American nurse who was often home alone, Marie Van Brittan Brown came up with an idea
that would make her feel safer. Together with her husband Albert, Van Brittan Brown developed the first
home security system in response to the rising crime rates and slow police responses of the 1960s. The
device was complicated, with a camera powered by a motor which moved up and down the door to look
through a peephole. A monitor in her bedroom also came equipped with an alarm button.
After joining the US Navy during the Second World War, Rear Admiral Grace Hopper was assigned to
work on a new computer, called the Mark 1. It wasn't long before she was at the forefront of computer
programming in the 1950s. She was behind the compiler, which could translate instructions into code that
computers can read, making programming quicker and ultimately revolutionising how computers worked.
Hopper also helped to popularise the term "de-bugging" that we still use on computers programmes today,
after a moth was removed from inside her machine. "Amazing Grace", as she was known, continued
working with computers until she retired from the navy as its oldest serving officer, aged 79.
Dr Shirley Ann Jackson is an American theoretical physicist, whose research from the 1970s is
responsible for caller ID and call waiting. Her breakthroughs in telecommunications have also enabled
others to invent the portable fax, fibre optic cables and solar cells. She is the first African-American
woman to gain a PhD from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the first African-American
woman to lead a top-ranked research university.
Maria Telkes is known for creating the first thermoelectric power generator in 1947, designing the
first solar heating system for the Dover Sun House in Dover, Massachusetts. She was a prolific inventor
of practical thermal devices, including a miniature desalination unit for use on lifeboats which used solar
power to collect potable solar still. The still saved the lives of airmen and sailors who would have been
without water when abandoned at sea. Telkes is considered one of the founders of solar thermal storage
systems, earning her the nickname "the Sun Queen".

B) Write five true sentences about the text using the words in the chart.
Window cleaning devices were translated by the compiler.

Policemen all over the world was published by a famous actress.

Instructions are protected in 1898.

A secret communication are called by Kevlar bullet proof vests.

system
was invented windscreen wipers today.
The Curies’ discovery

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 55

 C) Match the sentences halves according to the text in A. There is an extra option.

1. A desalination device __ a. didn’t invent the car.

b. was created by Maria Telkes.
2. A new machine __
c. developed the first home security
3. A PHD __ system..
4. Radium __ d. was first explained by Lise Meitner.
5. The compiler __ e. drivers opened the window to see
when it was raining.
6. Nuclear fission __ f. was first discovered and then
7. A woman __ isolated.
8. In the early 1900s __ g. was used to translate instructions into
a computer code.
h. was invented by Ms Cochrane.
i. was obtained by an American
physicist.

D) Look at the highlighted words in the text. What information do they connect?

Information about …

things ……………………… …………………. (connector) time …..when… (adverb)

possession ………………………. (adverb) ways, means …how… (adverb)

people ……………………. (connector)

places …………………….. (adverb)

E) Complete the sentences with the past participle of these verbs.

design build discover (x2) take invent (x2) show produce give make

1. The London Olympic Stadium was designed by an architectural company.

2. The Statue of Liberty was __________________ to the people of the USA as a present from the
French people.
3. Gold was first ____________________ in California in 1848.
4. The first games console was ___________________ by Ralph H. Baer in the 1960s.
5. The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France, was _____________________ in 1889
6. Many of the things we use everyday were ___________________ by women.
7. Australia was ____________________ by Captain Cook in 1870.
8. Glass is ___________________ of silica.
9. The first public movie was ___________________ to an invited audience in Indiana, the USA, in
1894.
10. 1780 is normally _________________ as the beginning of the Industrial Revolution since the
first steam engine was _________________ by James Watt.
F) Now put the verbs in brackets ( ) in passive voice- present or past.

1. The London Olympic Stadium was designed by an architectural company. (design)

2. A lot of paper _________ ______________ these days. (recycle)
3. X-rays ____________ _________________ by William Roentgen. (discover)
4. Water and fats ___________ ____________________ to make soap. (use)

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 56

 5. The pyramids ___________ _________________ nearly 5,000 years ago. (build)
6. Paper _____________ ___________________ from trees. (make)
7. Penicillin ___________ first _____________________ in the 1940s. (manufacture)
8. A Russian man, Yuri Gagarin, ___________ ________________ into space for the first time in
1961. (send)
9. The valve in the radios ________ __________________ (replace) by the transistor after W.B.
Shockley’s invention in 1948.

G) Reorder the words to make sentences. Start with a capital letter.

1. discovered / were/ Galileo/ Saturn’s rings/ by

Saturn’s rings were discovered by Galileo

2. Apple / invented / mobile phones / by / weren’t

__________________________________________________________________________

3. isn’t / lead petrol / used / nowadays

__________________________________________________________________________

4. an Argentinian / were / architect / by / the Petronas Towers / designed

__________________________________________________________________________

5. are / written / in this manual / in Japanese / all the instructions

__________________________________________________________________________

6. Daimler and Benz/ gasoline driven/ /by/ one of the first/ motor cars/ was built

__________________________________________________________________________

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Grammar Reference

PASSIVE VOICE

The verb in some sentences is in the active voice: Thomas Edison invented motion pictures.
The verb in some sentences is in the passive voice: Motion pictures were invented by Thomas Edison.

Cars are made in factories. Present Passive: is/are + verb in past participle

The steam engine was directed by Past Passive: was/were + verb in past participle
James Watt.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 57

 12 AUTOMOTIVE

Trabajo Práctico Nº 6

Nombre y Apellido: ………………………………………………………….

Especialidad: …………………………………………….

Grupo N°: ………………………..

Comisión: ………………………..

Fecha de entrega: ……/……/…….

Aprobado Revisión Nota:

Contenidos

 Pasado Simple Voz Pasiva Secuenciadores

Part 1
A) Complete the text “A Handmade Car” with these words. TEXT 1
craftsmen encouraged highly-skilled skills traditional unique

A Handmade Car

The Morgan Motor Company Ltd. was established in 1909 by H.F.S. Morgan with the design of the now
iconic Morgan Three-Wheeler. This was followed in 1936 by the Morgan 4-4, which continues to be
produced today, and is the longest running production car in the world.
The Morgan is a 1____________________ car: it is made in Britain by a family-owned company. Each
Morgan is made individually. Modern materials and up-to-date manufacturing technology are combined
with 100-year-old 2______________________.
There are no assembly lines because each stage of the manufacturing is done by
______________________ craftsmen. For example, the wooden frame is made in the same way as the
3

first Morgan in 1909, upholsterers make the leather seats, and sheet metalworkers make the panels by
hand.
In contrast to all these 4________________________ skills, Morgan engineers make precision mechanical
components using modern Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machinery so a Morgan driver has a state-
of-the-art engine in a traditionally-made car.
It takes a long time to make a car by hand. The Morgan car factory
produces about 850 cars a year. Buyers put their name on a waiting
list and then wait for the factory to tell them that their car is finished.
They are 5
________________________to visit Morgan’s Pickersleigh
Road factory to watch their car being built and to choose from a wide
range of paint and leather-trim options, along with the extra details
that make each Morgan unique to its owner. The shortest wait is about
two years- and sometimes the wait is five years. Like proud parents-to-be, people on the waiting list can

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 58

visit the factory to see their car being made and to talk to the 6________________________ doing the
work.

B) Read the text again and decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F). Correct the
false statements in Spanish.

1. The Morgan is made by machines. __

2. Old and new ideas are used to make Morgans. __
3. Morgan cars aren’t made on an assembly line. __
4. Morgan engines are old-fashioned. __
5. People can see how the car is manufactured. __
6. You can walk into the Morgan factory, buy a car and drive it home. __

C) Read Text 2 and answer in Spanish the questions below.

TEXT 2

The smart

Over the last ten years people have got used to the sight of very small cars parked in tiny parking spaces.
smart is one of the world’s youngest car brands and yet the smart fortwo is such a distinctive car that it
has already been included as an exhibit in the Museum of Modern Art- one of only six cars to attain this
distinction.

In April 1994, the Micro Compact Car AG was founded in Switzerland as a joint venture between Mercedes-
Benz and Swatch. Nicolas Hayek, the inventor of the Swatch (Swiss watch), brought his idea for an ultra-
short small car, and Mercedes-Benz contributed expertise and experience from more than a hundred years
of building cars. The brand name smart (in lowercase logotype) derives from its early cooperative studies:
Swatch Mercedes ART

Engineers devised a car which is not only extremely mobile and efficient, but also very economical. Its
other key feature is safety, with its unique tridion cell.

After starting development in 1994, the smart fortwo celebrated its premiere at the Frankfurt Motor Show
in 1997. Production in Hambach, France, started in July 1998, and in October sales took off in other
European countries. In 1998, smart became a 100% subsidiary of what was then Daimler-Benz AG (today
Daimler Chrysler AG).

There is no doubt that the smart fortwo is a leader in urban mobility. All small vehicles embody the same
brand values and have the same “DNA”: innovation, functionality, and joie de vivre. They appeal to people
who are sporty, independent, and young at heart; people who love clever solutions and are open to new
ideas.

1. What type of text is it? Where can we find it?

2. What does smart stand for?
3. How did the idea of the smart start?
4. Why has this model become successful around the world?
5. Websearch. Explain in your own words what tridion cell
means?

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 59

 D) Read Henry Ford’s biography and answer these
questions in English.
American car manufacturer, Henry Ford (1863-1947) invented an
improved assembly line and installed the first conveyor belt-based
assembly line in his car factory in Ford's Highland Park, Michigan plant,
around 1913-14. The assembly line reduced production costs for cars by
reducing assembly time. Ford's famous Model T was assembled in ninety-three minutes. Ford made his
first car, called the "Quadricycle," in June, 1896. However, success came after he formed the Ford Motor
Company in 1903. This was the third car manufacturing company formed to produce the cars he designed.
He introduced the Model T in 1908 and it was a success. After installing the moving assembly lines in his
factory in 1913, Ford became the world's biggest car manufacturer. By 1927, 15 million Model Ts had
been manufactured.

1. When was Henry Ford born?

2. How did the assembly line reduce production costs?
3. What did he make in 1896?
4. How successful was the Model T?

THE PASSIVE

We may use the passive voice to describe a process. It is formed using the verb to be and the past
participle (the 3rd form) of the verb. We use by to say who or what does the action.

Almost every car is produced to the customer’s specifications.

The floor pan … and the roof are welded by robots.

The finished car can be released.

E) Read the text about car production and complete the diagram. Underline five examples
of passive voice.

Built to Order

Almost every car is produced to the customer’s specific requirements-a built-to-order car.

As soon as a car is ordered and a delivery date agreed, weekly and daily production schedules are created
and sent to outside suppliers and the company’s own pre-assembly stations. This is to make sure that all
the necessary components arrive on time.

First of all, a small data carrier is attached to the floor pan in the body shop. This data carrier contains all
the customer’s specifications and communicates wirelessly with control units along the production line. In
the body shop the floor pan, wheel arches, side panels, and roof are welded together by robots to make
the frame of the car. The add-on parts- the doors, boot lid, and bonnet- are then mounted to make the
body-in-white.

The finished body shell then goes into the paint shop where the data carrier determines the colour. In
final assembly, the interior and exterior parts (for example the front and rear bumpers, headlights,
windscreen, and other windows) are fitted. After quality control and a final check, the finished car can be
released. It is now ready for delivery to its new owner.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 60

1 2 3

d
_________________
Car is ordered and b
_________________
containing specifications is
a
_________________ are created and sent
attached to e____________
agreed. to suppliers and c___
in body shop.

6 5 4

Body shell goes into Floor pan f_____________,

i
_____________________. side panels, and
g
___________________
are welded together.
h
_______________
are mounted.

7 8 9

Interior and exterior parts l

_____________________
are fitted in
k
_________________ is released.
j
_____________________. and a final check are
done.

F) Complete the sentences with the passive form of the verb in brackets.

1. This model (produce) is produced in the new factory in Poland.

2. German cars (sell) ______________________all over the world.
3. The orders (can/place) _____________________ by fax or online.
4. The cars (assemble) _____________________ by robots.
5. Spare parts (can/buy) _____________________ from your local dealer.
6. The interiors (design) _____________________ by computer.
7. Tyres (should/replace) _______________________ before they wear down completely.

G) Speaking. Look at the diagram in E and describe the car production process in your
own words. Use these phrases to help you. Use passive voice.

Describing a process

First/ firstly/ To begin with… Next…

Second/ secondly… Following that…

The next stage/ step is… Finally …

After that… The last step/stage…

Then…

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 61

Part 2

A) Read the following text and write the headings above each section.
JIT The result Beyond the Japanese car industry
Lean manufacturing Chaos TPS The employees

Toyota Production System

------------------------------------------
1
By the 1970s, car production in Europe and America was huge. Demand was high and cars were mass-
produced on an enormous scale. But when demand changed, and mass production methods didn’t,
thousands of unsold vehicles sat outside the factories waiting to be bought. In Japan however, things were
different.

------------------------------------------
5
The Toyota Production System (TPS) was developed in the middle of the last century by a Toyota
manager named Taiichi Ohno. It created the most efficient car production system in the world. Instead of
using machines that built only one specific part, Toyota designed machines that could produce many
different parts. This made Toyota more flexible and able to react quickly to customers changing needs.

-------------------------------------------
10
By the 1990s, the term Lean Manufacturing was being used to describe TPS. Lean manufacturing
combines the best elements of craftwork and mass production. It uses less labour, less machinery, less
space and less time. The aim of lean manufacturing is to eliminate all defects. If something goes wrong a
worker can stop the whole production immediately. If the worker didn’t make this decision, production
could carry on producing faulty or incorrect parts.

-------------------------------------------
15
At Toyota, the just-in-time system makes stores or warehouses unnecessary because parts are only
produced or ordered when they are needed. This means that costs are cut, and turnover is increased.

-------------------------------------------
18
Toyota has more success with lean manufacturing than other companies because all their employees
have a clear understanding of the objective and are totally committed to kaizen, the Japanese term for
continuous improvement. Importantly, Toyota employees identify strongly with their company.

------------------------------------------

When implemented successfully, the TPS is a systematic way to satisfy customer needs and create a
22

meaningful work for every member of an organization.

The results of TPS are superior products and service quality, short lead times, low costs and a safe
(physically, professionally and emotionally) working environment for the employees.

------------------------------------------
26
Although lean manufacturing is spreading from the car factory to other industries, manufacturers around
the world who try to implement the TPS are not always successful. One of the reasons for this is that
companies which have been running mass production systems sometimes find it difficult to adjust.
Additionally, in the West, where employees think of themselves before the company, it is more difficult
for employees to adapt to the TPS.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 62

 B) Read the text again and mark the sentences T (true) or False (false). CORRECT the
false statements in Spanish.

1. The Toyota Production System started 100 years ago in Japan.

2. Toyota’s machines are multi-purpose. They are able to produce more than one part.
3. Lean manufacturing is another name for the TPS.
4. Toyota’s employees are involved in the production process.
5. Just-in-time means that parts are ordered once a month.
6. The company is important to Japanese employees.
7. The TPS means that the environment the employees work in is less dangerous.
8. The TPS is successful all over the world.

C) Match the terms relating to TPS on the left with the definitions on the right. There is
an extra option.
1. Kaizen __
2. Just-in-time __
3. Lean manufacturing __

a. In this process stock is only ordered when it is needed- not before.

b. An unchanged mass production method.
c. A system that aims to produce more, using less. The removal of waste (waste: anything that
does not add to the final product)
d. Continually making small improvements which lead to greater effectiveness and higher quality.

D) Write in Spanish three advantages and one disadvantage of TPS.

Advantages:
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
Disadvantage:

..................................................................................................................................................

E) Read the text again and copy examples of the following items.
A sentence in present simple: .......................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................. Line:..........

A sentence in present continuous: .................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................Line:..........

A sentence in past simple: ............................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................... Line:..........

A sentence in passive voice (past):.................................................................................................

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 63
.............................................................................................................................. Line:..........

A sentence in passive voice (present): ...........................................................................................

............................................................................................................................... Line:..........

One modal verb of possibility/ability ............................................................................ Line. .........

An adverb of frequency: .......................................... Line: ............

Two comparative adjectives: ............................................ Line:..........

............................................ Line:..........

Two connectors of contrast: ....................... Line: ......... ....................... Line: .........

F) What do these words refer to?

It (line 6) .................................................
It (line 11) ...............................................
they (line 16) ...........................................
their (line 18) ...........................................

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

Listening

A potential customer is visiting the stand of a major car manufacturer at an international car show.
Listen to the dialogue and put these key features in the order they are mentioned (1-7).

a. __ a low fuel consumption e. __ optional extras included in the price

b. _1 design f. __ acceleration from 0-62 in six seconds

c. __ top speed g. __ increased power of the engine

d. __ six-speed automatic gearbox as

standard

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 64

 13 QUALITY
Contenidos: Frases para describir tendencias. Pasado Simple.

A) How does your company measure quality? What statistics does it collect? Look at B for
ideas.

B) Look at these statistics. Which ones refer to…?

1. spending on raw materials 9. time when you produce nothing

2. pieces made per man-hour 10. the money you make when you sell
3. how much oil, gas, and electricity you something
use 11. the money you pay to the government
4. employees not coming to work 12. mistakes, errors
5. materials you throw away 13. staffing costs
6. materials you keep and use again 14. employees getting injured or things
7. goods and materials you have in stock getting damaged
8. the release of gas or radiation into the
atmosphere

Waste -1% Material costs -4%

Defects +2% Recycled materials -15%
Taxes -2% Emissions -6%
Profit -7% Productivity +7%
Downtime +18% Energy consumption +10%
Accidents -6% Absenteeism -5%
Inventory +9% Wages and salaries +8%

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Many different verbs are used to talk about rises and falls. Look at the words in bold in these sentences.

At Walton Electronics, energy bills went down and the quality of work increased.

Color Graphics reduced its ink waste.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

C) Now, decide if these verbs describe upward (), downward () or no change ()
movements. Then complete with the correct noun for each verb.

Verb Noun drop ( ) ………………

decrease ( ) decrease decline ( ) ………………

reduce ( ) ……………… go up/down ( ) -----------

improve ( ) ……………… rise ( ) ………………

lower ( ) ……………… fall ( ) ………………

remain ( ) ………………

Write the verbs in past between brackets ().

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 65

D) Read again the statistics in B. Are they positive or negative? Make sentences.

e.g. Last year, waste fell/went down/decreased/dropped by one per cent.

Defects rose/ went up/increased/improved by two per cent.

You can use adversative conjuctions such as: but, however, on the contrary, on the other hand.

Which things would you try to increase and which ones would you try to decrease?

e.g. I’d increase/improve … I’d decrease/reduce …

Imagine your companys statistics last month. Choose three from B and provide percentages.
Then, share them with your partners.

E) This graph shows your company’s operating costs over the last twelve months, describe it
to your partner and explain the rises and falls.

Example: In January, operating costs

were at $ 100,000.

In February, they rose…

… to $120,000
… by $20,000
… from $100,000 to $120,000
… because the company used more…

In March, they fell …

… to $110,000
… by $10,000
…because of a reduction in….

Now describe the following graph to your partner about CO2 emissions last year.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 66

Homework

1. You are the owner of a small company. Would you want these things to go up or down?
Complete the table.

Accidents Energy savings Profit Inventory Productivity Absenteeism Quality Sales

Recycled materials Material costs Emissions Downtime Wages and salaries Waste Orders

Go up Go down
Accidents

2. Look at the table and complete the sentences using to or by.

2nd quarter 3rd quarter Percentage change

Absenteeism (days lost) 126 119 -5.6%
Accidents 18 22 22.2%
Defects (parts per million) 740 879 18.8%
Downtime (hours) 98 53 -45.9%
Emissions (tonnes CO2) 176 195 10.8%
Inventory ( US$) 89,653 76,592 -14.6%
Productivity 10.37 10.14 -2.2%
Recycled materials (tonnes) 493 506 2.6
Waste (tonnes) 769 747 -2.9%

1. The number of accidents went up …by… 22% in the third quarter.

2. Productivity decreased ………………… 10.14. That’s a decrease of 2.2%.

3. We recycled 493 tonnes of materials in the second quarter. This rose ……………….. 506 in the third
quarter.

4. Downtime fell ……………………45.9% …………………… 53 hours.

5. We managed to reduce the amount of waste we produce …………………..22 tonnes.

6. The number of days lost went down …………………… 119. Absenteeism fell …………………5.6%.

7. CO2 emissions increased …………………. 19 tonnes. That’s a rise of more than 10%.

8. We reduce the inventory ………………… nearly 15%. It fell …………………. $76,592.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 67

 14 PROCESSES

Trabajo Práctico N°7

Nombre y Apellido: ………………………………………………………….

Especialidad: …………………………………………….

Grupo N°: ………………………..

Comisión: ………………………..

Fecha de entrega: ……/……/…….

Aprobado Revisión Nota:

Contenidos

 Conectores y secuenciadores Referentes Voz Pasiva Números

A) Read text 1 and answer these questions in Spanish.

1. When do use radio waves?

2. What makes the voice waves stronger?

3. What sends out the radio waves?

4.. What picks up the radio waves?

5. What are the radio waves turned back into at first?

The old-fashioned secret behind modern technology

Have you heard of Guglielmo Marconi? He is said to have invented the radio at the end of the nineteenth
century. Until television became widespread, the radio was one of the basic means of communications
and entertainment. The simple transistor radio may seem a little old-fashioned in these days of
smartphones, laptop computers, tablets and iPads. However, radio waves, which are invisible and
undetectable to humans, have changed the world completely. When you use a mobile phone or cordless
phone, a wireless network, or switch TV channels by remote control, you are using radio waves.

So, how does it work? Let’s take a radio programme as an example. Firstly, in the studio the voices and
music are turned into electronic signals, called voice waves. Next, they are made stronger by passing
them through an amplifier. These stronger waves are called carrier waves and they are passed to large
aerials. Then, the aerials send out these waves, which are now called radio waves. These are subsequently
picked up by a receiving aerial, in this case, the one on your radio. After this, radio waves go through a
reverse process. They are first turned back into voice waves, then passed through another amplifier, and
finally sent out through speakers or headphones.

What do the underlined words refer to?

He: ……………………………………………… them: …………………………………………..

which: …………………………………………. These: …………………………………………

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 68

What type of connector is however (line 4)? ……………………………………………………………………………………

Write three more examples of this type of conjunction: ………………………………………………………………………….

What type of connector is so (line 7)? ……………………………………………………………………………………………….

Write three more examples of this type of conjunction: ………………………………………………………………………….

Transcribe eight sequencing words or expressions from the text: ……………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Note: Sequencing words are used to link steps in the description of a process.

What does the word back mean (line 12)? ………………………………………………………………………………………..

B) Read Text 2 and put these headings in the correct place. Then explain how the tunnel
drill works in Spanish. (50-60 words)
Collecting the rocks Controlling the movement Moving the cutter

Cutting the rock surface Strengthening the roof Supplying the electricity

THE MB471-316 TUNNEL DRILL- one of the largest hard-rock drills in the world

1. _________________________________________
The face of the cutter has 85 teeth. Each tooth is 60 cm long. The cutter face rotates about seven
times a minute. When it rotates, the teeth cut large circles into the surface of the rock.

2. _________________________________________
Pieces of rock fall to the ground. They are collected by large scoops. They are then dropped into
chutes. When the cutter face rotates upwards, the rocks fall onto conveyor belts. They are then
carried to the rear of the machine.
3. _________________________________________
Hydraulic cylinders push the body of the cutter slowly forwards. As it moves forwards, steel shoes
move outwards and grip the tunnel walls. At the same time, two legs push down and lift the
machine off the floor.
4. _________________________________________

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 69

 Fifteen electric motors supply the machine with 6,375 horsepower. The power is connected to the
cutters by means of a 13,800-volt cable.

5. _________________________________________
There are two drills attached to steel arms. These are located immediately behind the cutters.
When the machine moves forwards, holes are drilled into the roof of the tunnel. Then the holes are
filled with bolts and cement. This strengthens the roof.
6. _________________________________________
The machine operator sits in a cabin at the heart of the machine. Here he/she controls its speed
and direction. Video cameras monitor the cutter and the tunnel.

Write these sentences from the text in Spanish. What do the underlined word mean?

When the cutter face rotates upwards, the rocks fall onto conveyor belts.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

As it moves forwards, steel shoes move outwards and grip the tunnel walls.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

C) Read Grammar Reference: Passive Voice, and transcribe five examples of passive voice
from both texts.
TEXT 1 TEXT 2

D) Now read these sentences about production of iron and write the verbs in brackets in
Passive Voice.
Iron became an important engineering material at a very early date. Simple furnaces (use)
___________________ for producing iron thousands of years ago. The modern blast furnace (invent)
1

____________________ around 1800. Early blast furnaces burnt coal or charcoal. Cold air (use)
2

3
__________________ for the blast.
Nowadays, blast furnaces are much more efficient. The charge contains coke instead of coal, and hot air
(use)4 _________________ instead of cold air. A hundred years ago, the production of one tonne of iron
required two or three tonnes of coke. Nowadays, only about half a tonne of coke (need)
___________________.
5

Iron oxides (find) 6____________________ in two main ores. These are magnetite and haematite. They
_______ usually (mine) _______________ in the form of rock. The ores 8________ first (process)
7

_______________ by a crusher. The large pieces of rock (break) 9_____________________ into smaller
pieces. Large unbroken pieces (remove) _____________________ by a filter. The ore
10
________ then
11

(grind) _______________ into fine powder. The powdered ore (mix) 12

______________________ with
coke dust and lime. The mixture 13
________ then (heat) _____________________. This process causes
it to form into small lumps.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 70

The charge (feed) ____________________
14
into the top of the furnace. Hot air (blow)
___________________ into the bottom of the furnace at great pressure. The coke
15
_______
16

rapidly (oxidize) _________________ by this blast of air and very high temperatures (produce)
___________________. The burnt coke produces carbon monoxide gas. The iron (reduce)
17

___________________ to pure iron by the hot gas. At the same time, the lime transforms the silica
18

impurities into calcium silicate slag.

The iron and the slag both fall to the bottom of the furnace in liquid form. The slag is less dense than the
iron and so it remains on the surface of the melted iron.
The two liquids (remove) _____________________ separately. The slag (leave)
19
________________
20

to cool and then used to make cement, etc. The iron 21

_______ either (cast) ______________ into long
bars or it (take) 22
____________________ in liquid form to another furnace and converted into steel.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Text 3: The Hoover Dam

The Hoover dam is located 50 kms south-east of Las Vegas in the USA. It was built in the 1930s to
stop flooding and provide irrigation, domestic water, and power. First, they had to reroute the Colorado
River through tunnels which had a total length of 4,860m and they were over 15m in diameter. They
were lined with 229,359 m3 of concrete. The tunnels could carry over 5,500 m3 of water per second.

They started laying the concrete in June 1…………………….. and finished in May 2…………………….... The dam
was built in blocks that varied in size from about 3 ………………….. m2
at the top. To set the concrete, they laid more than 4 ………………… km
steel pipe in the concrete and pumped icy water through it. The water
came from a refrigeration plant that could produce 5 …………………….
tonnes of ice a day.

The dam is 221 metres tall, 201 metres wide at its base, and it weighs
nearly six billion tonnes. When it was finished, it was the largest dam
in the world. Amazingly, the whole construction project was
completed in just under five years.

A) Read the text and answer in English on a spare sheet.

a) Where is this dam?
b) When was it built?
c) How long did it take to build?
d) Why was it built?
e) How much does it weigh?
f) How tall is it?

B) Listen to your teacher/partner and complete the missing numbers in the text.

C) Listen and match the numbers that refer to these things. There are two extra options.
1. The amount of concrete they used __
2. The average amount of electricity generated by the dam in a year __
3. The capacity of Lake Mead __
4. The hourly pay of a crane operator __
5. The average monthly payroll __

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 71

 6. The year most people worked on the dam_
7. The maximum number of people working on the dam __
8. The temperature the desert can reach __
9. The water pressure at the bottom __

a. 1934 e. 5,218 i. 44°C

b. $1.25 f. 1943 j. $500,000

c. 40°C g. 21.5 bar k. 35,396,000 m3

d. 2,500,000 m3 h. 4 b kwh

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Text 4: The electrical system of a car

The battery stores electricity. When you turn the ignition key, electricity flows from the battery to the
starter motor. This turns the engine. The engine drives the alternator. This acts as a generator and
produces electricity. It also charges the battery. The alternator produces alternating current (AC). A
rectifier pack changes AC to DC (direct current). Diodes in the rectifier pack make sure that output from
the alternator flows in one direction to the battery. But current can’t flow from the battery to the alternator.
Electrical current runs through the cables of the car’s electrical circuit. The current leaves the battery
through the positive terminal. It returns to the battery through the negative terminal.

A) Which words in the text do these words refer to?

1. This (line 2) a. starter motor b. ignition key c. battery

2. This (line 2) a. engine b. generator c. alternator

3. It (line 3) a. generator b. electricity c. alternator

4. It (line 7) a. battery b. current c. terminal

B) Read the text. Match their parts with their functions.

1. The battery 3. The engine 5. The diodes

2. The cables 4. The alternator 6. The rectifier pack

a. carry electricity to different parts of the car. ___

b. generates electricity for the car and charges the battery. ___

c. changes AC to DC. ___

d. drives the wheels of the car and the alternator. ___

e. stores electricity for the car. ___

f. allow electrical current o flow in one direction only. ___

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Text 5: Computers in Space Navigation

In space navigation it is necessary to make complex calculations. Computers are able to perform extremely
complex calculations. A rocket has to follow a precise path. In other words, it has to leave the Earth’s orbit

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 72

at a precise moment. In addition, it has to enter the moon’s orbit at a precise moment. A computer can
perform the complex calculations which are necessary to work out the rocket path precisely. Any error in
the rocket path must be corrected immediately. A computer can control the rocket progress. That is, it
can both detect errors and correct them.
A) Answer in Spanish:

1. What does the rocket have to do?

2. What can computers do?

3. Guess from context. The phrase work out means:

a. trabajar b. resolver c. calcular d. hacer ejercicio e. solucionar

4. The phrase both… and… means:

a. ambos b. tanto… como… c. ambos… y… d. los dos

5. What is the meaning of the phrase in addition and what type of connector is it?

B) What do these words refer to in the text?

Line 3- it: _______________________ Line 6- them: ____________________

Line 5- it: _______________________

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Speaking: Experimenting. Take turns to complete your partners sentences.

A B
If you heat a piece of metal, it switches on the alarm.
If you cool a piece of metal, it boils.
If you heat water to 100°C it bounces.
If you lower the temperature of the water to 0°C, it bursts.
If you heat ice, the bucket fills up with water.
If you pour some water in a bowl and place it in the hot sun, it contracts.
If you leave a piece of iron in water, you can bend it easily.
If you put sugar in a hot tea and stir, it crashes.
If you drop a rubber ball, it dissolves.
If you drop a glass ball, it evaporates.
If you pull the ends of a piece of rubber, you switch the machine on and off.
If you set fire to a piece of wood, it expands.
If you pump too much air into a balloon, it freezes.
If you overload your computer, it melts.
When it rains, it rusts.
When you press this button, it stretches.
When the circuit closes, it breaks.
When you leave a chicken leg bone in vinegar, it burns.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 73

CONJUNCTIONS

Adversative Additive Temporal Causal (cause/effect)

(contrast)
despite, and, when, because,
in contrast, besides, after, so,
but, also, then, as a result,
however, in addition, nowadays, that’s why,
although, or, later, therefore,
in spite of, not only…but also next as a consequence,
nevertheless, as well as thus,
whereas, both…and… hence,
still, since,
even so, as,
yet because of,
owing to,
on account of,
result in

result and purpose

so that
in order to
for
so as (to)

Exemplification Condition Alternative

such as, if, either…or,
e.g., whether, neither …nor,
for example, unless, or,
for instance, in case, nor,
provided that otherwise,
whether
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Pronunciation

SILENT CONSONANTS: Circle the word that sounds different.

1. knife know kite knock knee

2. hour hair honest ghost what
3. climb doubt plumber comb machine
4. sight gear high light through
5. half talk calm walk people
6. please psychology pneumonia coup receipt
7. island castle aisle debris
8. listen castle gate fasten often
9. answer when sword write who

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 74

 15 EMAILS

Trabajo Práctico N°8

Nombre y Apellido: ………………………………………………………….

Especialidad: …………………………………………….

Grupo N°: ………………………..

Comisión: ………………………..

Fecha de entrega: ……/……/…….

Aprobado Revisión Nota:

Contenidos:

 Frases para escribir emails Estilos formal e informal

A) Do you deal with emails in English? Who do you communicate with?

B) Five people need help. Who do you think they are writing to- a colleague, a customer, a
supplier? Which emails are urgent? Are they formal or informal? How do you know?
Underline the correct option/s.

1 Dear Mr Artaud. 2 Hi Alex.

I´m arriving in Lyon at 1 pm on We have two urgent orders and one

Tuesday. Could you send me of our machining centres has broken
directions to your factory and down. Could you do some machining
recommend a nearby hotel? work for us? We’d really appreciate
it.
Thank you

3 Dear Mr Sousa. 4 Hello Tom.

We had a fire in our warehouse Please give the attached order top
yesterday and it destroyed the last priority. The sales department
shipment of covers you sent us. We promised delivery by October 1st.
need another shipment immediately.
How soon can you send them? Tnx

Many thanks,

5 Ted.

Thank you for fixing the air vents in the meeting room. Now the air conditioning
system in the lab isn’t working. Can you come and look at it as soon as possible?

Thanks.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 75

 Email 1: customer supplier colleague urgent not urgent formal informal

Email 2: customer supplier colleague urgent not urgent formal informal

Email 3: customer supplier colleague urgent not urgent formal informal

Email 4: customer supplier colleague urgent not urgent formal informal

Email 5: customer supplier colleague urgent not urgent formal informal

C) Read the email in exercise B and underline the different words or phrases that are used
to:
1. ask for help ________________________ _________________________
________________________ _________________________

2. say thank you _______________________ _________________________

______________________ _____________________ ____________________
Copy the words/phrases in the blanks above. Write F (formal) or I (informal)

next to each phrase.

Note: Mr, Ms, Mrs, Miss

In formal communications we can address men as Mr.

Women can be Miss (unmarried),

Mrs (married), or Ms (unspecified marital status).

Ms has become more common in recent years

D) Match these replies to the correct mail in B.

Peter. Jill.

We can’t complete this order on time I’m afraid we have no spare capacity at the
without delaying some of the other orders. moment. I’m attaching the contact details of
Please get back to me asap and tell me our Santa Barbara plant. Perhaps they can
what you want me to do. help you.
A __
Best wishes, B __

Dear Ms Rayson, Claire,

I am sorry to hear about your problems. Sorry, but I can’t come until next week. Do
you want me to send someone else?
We would be happy to send you a
repeat order, but the end of next week is Regards D
the earliest we can deliver. Can you __
confirm that this is not too late? Dear Mr Casoy.
Looking forward to hearing from you, We have already booked a room for you at
the Holiday Inn. Please find a map
C __
attached. I look forward to meeting you.

Sincerely, E __

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 76

E) Look at the phrases in bold in exercise D, find two phrases that:
1. introduce bad news ................................................................................................
2. offer help ..............................................................................................................
3. ask for a reply .......................................................................................................
4. refer to an attachment ............................................................................................
5. refer to a future contact ..........................................................................................

F) Complete the following emails using expressions from the emails in B and D.

Dear Ms Eckstein.
........................................4 sending me details of the tests.
(say thank you)

........................................5 to run phase two of the tests for you.

(offer help)

........................................6 our contract.

(refer to an attachment)

.................................7 make two copies, sign them and send one back to me?
(ask for help)

......................................8 if you have any questions.

(ask for a reply)

.......................................9 working together with you.

(refer to future contact)

Sincerely,
K.J. Wells

Hello Pedro.
........................................1 sending me the output figures.
(say thank you)

........................................2 couldn’t open the file.

(introduce bad news)

........................................3 send it again?

(ask for help)

Best regards,

Jack

Note: -ing forms

In some expressions we use-ing after a preposition (for, to, in, at, etc.).

Thank you for fixing the air vents.

Looking forward to meeting you.

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 77

 G) Complete these emails using the phrases in the list.

Please, could you Yours sincerely We are sorry about

Looking forward to I’m attaching We would be happy to

Do you want me to Please confirm I’m afraid that

Please get back to me Thank you for Sorry

Anton
I’m attaching 1 an Excel file with the data you Dear Mr Franklin
wanted.
_________________4 the problems you had
_________________2 some of the figures are with our last shipment of electric motors.
not up-to-date.
_________________3 if you have any questions. We are sending another shipment today.
Regards _________________5 tell me the units you
Luigi have? We will credit your account with the
transportation costs.
Hello Carlos _________________6
_________________7 I haven’t got back to you Dear Ms Angelova
sooner, but I was in Singapore last week. _________________9 your interest in our
company.
You said in your email that you have a problem
_________________10 show you our facilities
opening the file I sent you. I think it could be a
and discuss how we would set up and monitor the
problem with the version you’re using. We’ve
tests.
just upgraded to the latest version.
_________________11 the time and date of your
_________________8 convert it and resend it?
visit so that we can arrange a car to pick you up
All the best from the airport.
_________________12 meeting you.
Barry Kind regards
Roger Harris

H) Choose an appropriate phrase (1-15) to complete these emails.

............... 1
Dan.

........................................2 sending us the results of the tests so quickly.

I am sending you some more samples to test. ........................................3 run the tests as soon as
possible as we need the results by the end of next week?

........................................4 that we will have to run some of the materials tests again because the
R&D dept. has made some minor design changes to the cooling holes.

........................................5 seeing you at your institute in March.

.................................6

................................ 7

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............... 8
Ms Janta.

........................................9 your order of 500 PCBs (Model N° 2975-36) and 300 High Speed
Boards (Model N° PPC1186).

........................................10 that we will not be able to deliver the PCBs by the end of the month as
you requested, but we should be able to deliver the High Speed Boards and the first 300 PCBs within
the next 10 days.

16 TELEPHONING
........................................11 confirm this is OK.

........................................ our price list and conditions.

12

.................................13 working together with you.

................................ 14

.................................15

1. Hello Hello
Mr. 9. Thank you for
2. Thank you Thx a lot 4
Thanks for 10. I’m afraid
3. Do you want me to Sorry for
Please, could you 11. Can you
4. I’m afraid I’d appreciate if you could
We are sorry about 12. I am attaching
5. Looking forward to I am pleased to tell you
Can’t wait to 13. Thank you for
6. Sincerely We look forward to
Best wishes 14. Sincerely
7. Bob Hugs
Robert Lynden 15. David Greenham
8. Dear Dave

I) Write two emails following the instructions below.

Email 1

Write an email to ask for technical information about the heat pumps advertised in The
Energy Journal last week. You also want to know about the cost and details for installing
them. You think you could install it yourself. Ask about the length of the guarantee.

Email 2

You read an article by Karl Schwander in

the Engineering and Technology Journal
last month. The article is about an
innovative earplug Mr Schwander has
developed. This earplug might be very
important for the woodworking company
where you work as Health and Safety
Officer. Write an email. You want him to
give you technical details, price and
minimum order requirements. Include all
the relevant information in your email.

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16 RULES AND WARNINGS
Contenidos: Verbos modales. If + modal verb. Modo Imperativo.

Safety

The safety signs below follow the ISO international standard. This standard is used in the EU because it
has many different languages. There are three types of safety sign:

 Warning Signs. These signs warn you about a danger. They say things like this: Warning.
Danger. Be careful. Look out. Hazard. You might injure yourself.
The signs are yellow and black in colour and triangular in shape. Here are some examples:
1. Warning. Poison. ___
2. Danger. Fire hazard here. ___
 Prohibition Signs. These signs prohibit an action. They say: Do not do this. You must not do
this. Never do this. The signs are red, white and black in colour and round in shape. Here are
some examples:
3. You must not lift this with a hook. ___
4. Never take the guard off this machine, ___
 Mandatory Action Signs. These signs order you to do something. They say: Do this. You must
do this. Always do this. The signs are blue and white in colour, and rond in shape. Here are some
examples:
5. Always read the manual before you service this machine. ___
6. You must use the guard on this circular saw. ___

A) Match these signs with the examples above. One option is extra.
a b c d e

[Link]

B) Complete the warnings with the words in the box.

don’t might must mustn’t

1. You _______________ wear a hard hat on the building site.

2. ______________ go through that door.
3. You _______________ wear safety gloves everywhere in the factory.

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 4. __________________ touch this machine! It’s very hot.
5. Be careful! High-voltage electricity. You _________________ get an electric shock.
6. You _______________ use your mobile phone here.

Language Box 1

Wear a hard hat here. Don’t touch the machine.

Always wear a hard hat here. Never touch the machine.

You must wear a hard hat here. You must not touch this machine

Do not touch the machine. You mustn’t touch this machine.

C) Complete the instructions with these words.

always do don’t must mustn’t never

1. ............................... use a lighted match in this workshop.

2. ............................... wash your hands after using these chemicals.
3. ............................... enter this small space.
4. You ............................. wear safety boots when you lift this.

5. ............................... not smoke in this factory.

6. You ............................ touch this machine with bare hands. It’s hot.
7. ............................... smoke in the garage.
8. ............................... wear safety goggles when you use the sander.
9. ............................... lift heavy weights alone by hand. Use a lift truck in the workshop.
10. .............................. wear trainers when you are working in the workshop.
............................... wear safety boots.
11. You ............................ use a cylinder trolley when you move full or empty gas cylinders.
12. You ........................... use a welder without safety gloves and eye protection.

D) Make sentences from the table.

It might get your eyes.
There might burn an electric shock.
You could damage yourself
You might
You may be fuel inside the tank
very hot

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

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E) Speaking. Describe the following signs. Use the words below.

You could... You shouldn´t ...

You might ... Always ...

You must ... Never ...

You mustn’t ... Don’t ...

You should ... You have to...

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9

F) Circle the correct option.

a. A: Julie, you can/must go to the disco with your friends. But you may/ must come back at 3

a.m.

B: Thanks, mum!

b. Tomorrow is a national holiday. We don’t have to/ mustn’t go to work.

c. Furious 8 is a great film. You can/should see it!

d. I have to/ can use Excel very well.

e. In the future, teachers may/ must give classes online.

f. We shouldn’t/have to pay the electricity bill tomorrow.

g. At work, we don’t have to/mustn’t eat in the office.

h. Do/ Would you like a biscuit? No, thanks.

i. Hi, Tim. Can/ May I use your computer for a minute? I want to check my emails.

j. Shall/ Will I call Brenda Johnson? When shall/ will we meet her?

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 G) Read this text and mark True, False or Doesn’t Say

Worksite safety
Notice
Follow the guidelines below at all times. In the event of an accident, notify a supervisor and call
emergency services.
 When working on ladders, follow the 4:1 rule. Avoid falls from scaffolds and pump jacks by
wearing safety harness. Pay attention to the platform’s weight limit. Exceeding that limit
can cause a collapse.
 Ensure proper ventilation when working with toxic chemicals in closed spaces. Read the
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) thoroughly and take all recommended precautions.
 Know the causes of each class of fire and the correct type of extinguishers on hand for Class
A and B fires.
 Never take water near an electrical ground. Wear rubber-soled boots to protect against
electric shock.
 Practice good trench safety. Never stack equipment or pile dirt near trench edges.

I. Not following the 4:1 rule can cause a scaffold to collapse. ………
II. Different classes of fire need different types of fire extinguishers. ……..
III. Toxic chemicals in closed spaces can cause serious breathing problems. ……...
IV. Not wearing rubber-soled boots violates trench safety. ……..
V. This text might be found in a poster. ………

H) Speaking. Rephrase some of the guidelines in G using modal verbs.

Example: You must…./ You mustn’t …/ You have to … / You should… / You shouldn’t …/

You ought to … /

If you don’t wear a harness, you can …

If you take water near an electric ground, you might …

The platform may collapse if you …

I) Explain these signs. What do they mean?

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Listening

1. Listen to two conversations. Underline the hazards mentioned.

o trips and falls o eye injuries and hearing damage

o electric shocks o clothing getting caught up in machinery
o cuts

2. Listen and complete the sentences with the correct modal verb.

a. You ……………………………. roll up your sleeves.

b. You …………………………… leave the boxes here.
c. Someone …………………………… trip over them and hurt themselves.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

GRAMMAR REFERENCE: MODAL VERBS

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17 PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Contenidos: Presente Perfecto. Vocabulario: reparaciones, partes de equipamiento.
Presente Continuo. If + verbo modal/imperativo.

A) Listen to some people talking about things that don’t work. What kind of device or
equipment is each conversation about?

Dialogue 1 ……………………………………….

Dialogue 2 ……………………………………….

Dialogue 3 ……………………………………….

B) Listen to conversation 1 again and complete these questions.

A __ the paper tray __?

B Yes.
A Have you checked the __?
B Yes.
A __ it plugged in?
B Yes.
A Is it switched on?
B Yes.
A Have you __ the fuse in the plug?
B Yes.
A But you can’t make __?
B No. I’ve checked everything. There’s nothing left.
A Have you checked the __?
B Ah!

C) Have a similar conversation with a partner about your mobile phone. Use these words to
help you

A: It’s not working. The screen is blank.

B: checked the manual ejecting the battery and putting it back

pressed the start button turned it on

turned it off work

plugged in/charging (unplug it)

D) Put the sentences from conversation 2 in the correct order (1-10). Then, listen and check.

__Have you tried resetting the timer?

__Tomorrow.
__OK. I’ll come and have a look at it.
__What happens when you adjust the thermostat?
__How soon can you get here?

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__But it’s freezing here!
__Cold air’s coming out of the heating vent.
__I’ve tried increasing the temperature but it makes no difference.
__Nothing.
__Where’s that?

E) Work in groups and take turns explaining the problems below. The other students
should suggest solutions, beginning with Have you tried…?
10. My computer is running slowly.
11. I can never remember my computer passwords.
12. My fridge isn’t cooling.
13. My air conditioner doesn’t reach 16ºC.

F) What can be sometimes be wrong with these things? Match the common problems.
1 bulb a torn ___
2 screws b stiff, rusty, jammed ___
3 lock c loose ___
4 rollers d dirty ___
5 tank e jammed ___
6 book f blunt ___
7 electrical connection g empty ___
8 filter h blocked, leaking ___
9 battery i burnt out ___
10 scissors j rusty, empty, leaking ___
11 hose k rusty, loose ___
12 paper tray l flat (dead) ___

G) If a battery is flat, you have to replace it. If it’s a rechargeable battery, you can
recharge it. How can you fix problems with the other things. Use these verbs.
lubricate replace clear wipe it down stick tighten unjam dismantle
wash tape force replace fill patch recharge repair sharpen
weld throw it away reattach clean force air through

Example: If the bulb is burnt out, you have to replace it.

If the scissors are …, you can … them.

H) Complete the boxes on the following page with the words below.
CLAMP PALLET HOOK HINGE NUT PLUG BOLT SCREW
LOCK WASHER FUSE ROLLER TANK BELT PIPE BULB
CABLE SPRING SOCKET HOSE GAUGE GEAR FILTER BATTERY

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Vocabulary: parts and equipment

I) Listen to a conversation about three of the items in F, which items are they and what
are the problems?

INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 87

 J) Complete the words. Then listen again and check your answers.
1. I’m r……………………………. some safety tests.
2. The sound system i……………….. w……………………….. .
3. one of the speakers is m………………………….. a f…………………………… noise. We think it’s a l………………………..
connection.
4. Are the batteries f……………………………..?
5. Perhaps the bulb’s b…………………………. o………………………… .

K) Work as a class. One student will mime some repairs to the items in F and H. Guess
what they are doing. These verbs will help you.
recharge oil/lubricate solder tape change replace
clean fill sharpen tighten clear unblock
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Homework

1. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. Then, match the problems (a-h) with
the ideas and questions below (1-8) .

a. I’m not …………………………….. my WhatsApp messages. __

be
b. My car doesn’t start when it’s cold. __
happens
c. It’s really difficult to turn this key. __
tried
d. I can’t get a signal on my mobile. __
blowing
e. My laptop freezes when I scan in a photo. __
have
f. The loudspeakers on the left doesn’t work. __
could
g. I don’t know what’s wrong, but I can’t make a hole in this metal. __
getting
h. The air conditioner is ………………………… warm air. __
try

1. It …………………………. be a memory problem.

2. What ……………………….. when you go outside the building?

3. It might ……………………….. the battery.

4. …………………………. cleaning the filter.

5. What happens when you reverse the direction the drill’s turning in?

6. ………………………… you checked if there is a virus?

7. Have you ………………………. oiling the lock?

8. Have you checked the cable is connected properly?

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PRESENT PERFECT
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I’ve lived in Oxford for two I haven’t lived in London. Have I lived in Paris?
years. (He vivido en Oxford dos (No he vivido en Londres)
años)
You’ve worked in a factory You haven’t worked in an Have you ever worked in a
since 2010. (Has trabajado en office hospital? (¿Has trabajado alguna
una fábrica desde 2010) vez en un hospital?)
He’s played football. He hasn’t played golf. Has he played tennis?
(Él ha jugado al futbol) (Él no ha jugado golf) (¿Ha jugado al tenis?)
She’s watched TV all day. She hasn’t watched the news. Has she watched comedies?
It’s had seven floors. It hasn’t had six floors. Has it had five floors?
We’ve liked tennis. We haven’t liked golf. Have we liked volleyball?
They ‘ve been to the cinema. They haven’t been to the pub. Have they been to the club?
Usamos el Presente Perfecto para describir acciones que comenzaron en el pasado y que continúan en el
presente, acciones pasadas sin referencia de tiempo, experiencias, y hechos recientes. Los verbos
regulares llevan siempre ed pero los irregulares cambian a participio (ver tercera columna de la lista de
verbos irregulares). Have se abrevia ‘ve y has se abrevia ‘s.

Adverbs of time

For (por) Yet (aún, todavía)

Since (desde) Just (recién)

Already (ya) Recently (recientemente)

Still (aún, todavía) Ever (alguna vez)

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

PRESENT CONTINUOUS
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I’m living in Oxford (Estoy I ‘m not living in London. Am I living in Paris?
viviendo en Oxford) (No estoy viviendo en Londres)
You’re working in a factory. You aren’t working in an Are you working in a hospital?
(Estás trabajando en una office. (¿Estás trabajado en un
fábrica) hospital?)
He’s playing football. He isn’t playing golf. Is he playing tennis?
(Él está jugando al futbol) (Él no está jugando golf)
She’s watching TV. She isn’t watching the news. Is she watching comedies?
It’s working properly. It isn’t working properly. Is it working properly?
(No está funcionando
correctamente)
We’re using the computer. We aren’t using the computer. Are we using Google?
They ‘re going to the cinema. They aren’t going to the pub. Are they going to the club?
Usamos el Presente Continuo para describir acciones que están sucediendo en el momento, acciones
temporales (para las acciones permanentes se usa Presente Simple), y acciones futuras planeadas. Se
utiliza el verbo to be + un verbo que siempre termina en ing.

Adverbs of time

Now (ahora) Today (hoy)

At the moment (en este momento) Tonight (esta noche: uso futuro)

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 18 COMMUNICATION
Revisión de contenidos

Communication technology: a brief history

A. The 21st century is already being described as the “Information Age”, not surprisingly, since
communication and information technologies are widespread- in our homes, workplaces, and
universities. It is probable that you have access to a mobile phone, radio, and television. It is
equally likely that you have access to the global telecommunication network: the Internet. These
forms of communication seem very modern, and yet the “Information Age” of the early 21st century
has a long and fascinating history.
……………………………………………………………………..
B. Deciding where to begin this history is difficult, but we would argue that our modern communication
era started with the invention of telegraphy, literally, “writing at a distance”. In 1830, scientist
Joseph Henry used an electromagnet to force a steel bar to swing and ring a bell. This was the first
electrical signalling.
C. Samuel Morse developed this idea and invented the first practical telegraph in 1838. His system
used an electrical circuit, a battery, a wire joining two telegraph stations, and an electromagnet.
When a key was pressed onto the wire, it completed the electrical circuit, and then when it was
released, it broke the circuit. This produced a clicking sound. For ease of communication, he
developed the Morse code of dots and dashes.
D. By the 1870s, news was travelling the world in seconds and many historic events such as the
eruption of Krakatoa in 1883 and the sinking of the Titanic in 1912 were announced telegraph.
However, despite this success, scientists and inventors were already considering how to transform
the spoken word into electrical signals.
………………………………………………………………………
E. Alexander Graham Bell understood the theory of a telephone but struggled for a number of years
to make a working model. Then, on March 10th 1876, he finally succeeded in transmitting speech.
Bell’s first telephone did not resemble the telephones of today, and over the next 100 years it
underwent many changes. A microphone was added to produce a stronger signal. Then the
telephone bell was attached, and users were given unique telephone number. Once amplifiers were
added in the late 1920s, a telephone system was established that allowed people to talk across
continents.
………………………………………………………………………
F. The first half of the 20th century saw enormous technical developments in three main areas: radio,
television, and computers. Radio waves were the first to be explored, and in 1902, Marconi sent
the first transatlantic radio signal. The first domestic radio with tuners to listen to different stations
appeared only 14 years later, in 1916. Once radio was established, scientists and inventors started
investigating the possibility of transmitting pictures. The leap from transmitting sound to

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 broadcasting pictures took place in 1925, when John Logie Baird sent the first experimental
television signal. By 1939, regular scheduled television broadcasting had begun.
G. Computers were being developed at the same time as TV and radio, and in 1944, computers were
put into public service for the first time. The first generation of modern programmed electronic
computers were built in 1947 and used Random Access Memory (RAM). This is a memory which
allows access to any particular piece of information at almost any time. The smallest of these
computers was the size of a family car and could store only about 8,000 words. Since they were
so large and stored so little, computers had to change considerably to become as widespread as
televisions and radios had.
…………………………………………………………………….
H. From 1950 on, the development of computers was extremely rapid. In 1958, the integrated circuit
or chip was invented and computers started decreasing in size. In 1962, the first computer game,
“Spacewar”, was sold and computers became more popular. ARPANET, the original Internet, was
launched in 1969, the first microprocessor was developed in 1971, and in 1981 the IBM PC was
unveiled. The PC revolution had begun. Since then, computers have become smaller, faster, and
smarter, and developed into what many of you use for your studies and entertainment today.

Reading Comprehension
A) Read the text on pages 1 and 2 and complete the sections with the correct heading. There
is one extra option.
Talking with electricity The birth of electronic communication
The origin of the radio 50 years of progress
Car-sized to pocket-sized computers

B) True or False? Correct the false ones.

a. The first television broadcasting was in 1925. ___
b. The first computer game was called ARPANET. ___
c. An electromagnet was used in the first telegraph. ___

H) What do these numbers mean in the text? Provide full answers in Spanish.
Nineteen twenty ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Eight thousand ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Fourteen…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

I) Answer the following questions in Spanish.

a. How was the first electrical signalling done?
b. How did the Morse system work?
c. What can you say about the first computers?
d. How has the size of computers have changed through the years?

J) Transcribe examples of the following structures from the text. Indicate the paragraph
and line number (e.g. Par. M, line 6)
INGLÉS I UTN FRA AÑO 2019 91
A verb in Present Simple (omit the verb to be, can, to infinitive) ……………………………………(par.__, line ___)
A verb in Past Simple …………………………………………………………………………………………………………(par.__, line ___)
A verb in Present Perfect ……………………………………………………………………………………………………(par.__, line ___)
A verb in Passive Voice ………………………………………………………………………………………………………(par.__, line ___)
A gerund ………………………………………(par.__, line ___)
A comparative adjective ………………………………………(par.__, line ___)
A superlative adjective ………………………………………(par.__, line ___)
A connector of contrast ………………………………………(par.__, line ___)
A connector of exemplification ………………………………………(par.__, line ___)
Two synonyms in paragraph A ………………………………………………. …………………………………………….
A noun phrase (and write the meaning in Spanish) ……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………

K) What do the highlighted words in the text refer to?

This ………………………………………………… which ………………………………………………

His …………………………………………………. then …………………………………………………

Use of English

L) Answer the following questions in English.

a. Have you worked on your computer this week? ………………………………………………………………………………

b. What did you do yesterday? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
c. What are you studying this week? …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
d. What do you say to someone who is smoking inside the classroom? Use a modal verb.
“You ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….”
e. What advice would you give to someone who wants to learn a foreign language? Use a modal verb.
“You …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………”
f. The computer in your office keeps crashing. The technician tells you to check the electrical
connections. What does the technician suggest?
“Have ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….?”

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 M) Email writing. Complete the following email with the correct phrases (a-l). There are two
extra options.

1 ………… Mr Wolski
2 ………… to read the article in the Engineering and Technology Journal last month about the revolutionary
earplug 3 ………………
4 …………… a woodworking company in Rome and 5 ……………… if 6 …………….… let us have technical details
7 …………… as well as 8 ………………
9 ……………
10 ……………

a. I look forward to hearing from you

b. I’m writing
c. you could
d. price and order requirements
e. bye for now
f. I work for
g. Mario Ciamperi
h. Dear
i. about this product
j. I would be grateful
k. you have developed
l. I was interested

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Bibliography

 Bonamy, D., Jacques, C. (2010). Technical English 1 A/B. Pearson Longman. Harlow.
 Bonamy, D., Jacques, C. (2009). Technical English 2 A/B. Pearson Longman. Harlow.
 Evans, V., Dooley, J., Kern, J. (2016). Career Paths: Engineering. Express Publishing. Newbury.
 Hollet, V. Sydes, J. (2005). Tech Talk Pre-Intermediate. Student’s book. Unidades 1,2,3,5 6.
Oxford University Press. Oxford.
 Kavanagh. M. (2007). English for the Automobile Industry. Oxford University Press. Oxford.
 Philpot, S., Curnick, L. (2013). Headway Academic Skills. Reading, Writing and Studying Skills.
Introductory Level. Oxford University Press. Oxford.
 Philpot, S. (2011). Headway Academic Skills. Reading, Writing and Studying Skills. Level 2.
Oxford University Press. Oxford.
 Philpot, S., Curnick, L. (2011). Headway Academic Skills. Reading, Writing and Studying Skills.
Level 3. Oxford University Press. Oxford.
 Sydes, J. (2005). Tech Talk Pre- Intermediate. Workbook. Unidades 1,2,3,5, 6. Oxford University
Press. Oxford.

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