Tabla de Isotopos

En las siguientes páginas encontrará la tabla de los isotopos estables de los

elementos químicos conocidos.

Convenciones:

Z: Número atómico o número de electrones o protones en el núcleo del isotopo.

Name: Nombre en inglés del elemento químico.

Symbol: Símbolo nuclear del isótopo: AX, donde X es el elemento químico y A es

el número de masa (número de protones más número de neutrones).

Con el número atómico y el número de masa se puede determinar el número de

neutrones. Ejemplo: El isótopo 56Fe del Hierro (Z = 26) tiene 26 protones y 56
partículas en el núcleo. Es decir el isótopo tiene 30 neutrones (56 = 30 + 26).

Mass of Atom: Masa del átomo del isótopo. Incluye la masa de los electrones que
sin embargo es muy pequeña comparada con la del núcleo. Por la misma razón
se puede asumir que la masa del núcleo es igual a la masa del átomo.

1 u (unidad de masa atómica) = 1.66x10⁻²⁷ kg = 931 MeV

% Abundance: Porcentaje de abundancia en la naturaleza. Esto indica cuánto de

la masa de una porción del elemento en estado puro esta en la forma de cada
isótopo.

Ejemplo: En 100 gramos de Carbono (C) hay 98.93 gramos de ¹²C, 1.07 gramos
de ¹³C y 0 gramos de ¹⁴C (* en la tabla, este isótopo es inestable y no existe
naturalmente).
 Table of Isotopic Masses and Natural Abundances
This table lists the mass and percent natural abundance for the stable nuclides. The mass of the longest lived
isotope is given for elements without a stable nuclide. Nuclides marked with an asterisk (*) in the abundance column
indicate that it is not present in nature or that a meaningful natural abundance cannot be given. The isotopic mass
data is from G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra Nucl. Phys A. 1993, 565, 1-65 and G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra Nucl. Phys A. 1995,
595, 409-480. The percent natural abundance data is from the 1997 report of the IUPAC Subcommittee for Isotopic
Abundance Measurements by K.J.R. Rosman, P.D.P. Taylor Pure Appl. Chem. 1999, 71, 1593-1607.

Mass of Atom % Mass of Atom %

Z Name Symbol Z Name Symbol
(u) Abundance (u) Abundance
31
15 Phosphorus P 30.973762 100
1
1 Hydrogen H 1.007825 99.9885
32
Deuterium 2
H 2.014102 0.115 16 Sulphur S 31.972071 94.93
3 33
Tritium H 3.016049 * S 32.971458 0.76
34
S 33.967867 4.29
36
2 Helium 3
He 3.016029 0.000137 S 35.967081 0.02
4
He 4.002603 99.999863
35
17 Chlorine Cl 34.968853 75.78
37
3 Lithium 6
Li 6.015122 7.59 Cl 36.965903 24.22
7
Li 7.016004 92.41
36
18 Argon Ar 35.967546 0.3365
38
4 Beryllium 9
Be 9.012182 100 Ar 37.962732 0.0632
40
Ar 39.962383 99.6003
10
5 Boron B 10.012937 19.9
39
11 K
B 11.009305 80.1 19 Potassium 38.963707 93.2581
40
K
39.963999 0.0117
41
12 K
6 Carbon C 12.000000 98.93 40.961826 6.7302
13
C 13.003355 1.07
40
14 Ca
C 14.003242 * 20 Calcium 39.962591 96.941
42
Ca
43 41.958618 0.647
14
Ca
7 Nitrogen N 14.003074 99.632 42.958767 0.135
44
15 Ca
N 15.000109 0.368 43.955481 2.086
46
Ca
48 45.953693 0.004
Ca
16
8 Oxygen O 15.994915 99.757 47.952534 0.187
17
O 16.999132 0.038 45
18 Sc 44.955910 100
O 17.999160 0.205 21 Scandium

19 46
9 Fluorine F 18.998403 100 22 Titanium Ti 45.952629 8.25
47
Ti 46.951764 7.44
48
10 Neon 20
Ne 19.992440 90.48 Ti 47.947947 73.72
21 49
Ne 20.993847 0.27 Ti 48.947871 5.41
50
22
Ne 21.991386 9.25 Ti 49.944792 5.18

50
11 Sodium 23
Na 22.989770 100 23 Vanadium V 49.947163 0.250
51
V 50.943964 99.750
24
12 Magnesium Mg 23.985042 78.99
50
25 Cr
Mg 24.985837 10.00 24 Chromium 49.946050 4.345
52
26 Cr
Mg 25.982593 11.01 51.940512 83.789
53
Cr
52.940654 9.501
54
27 Cr
13 Aluminum Al 26.981538 100 53.938885 2.365

27.976927 92.2297 25 Manganese

 Mass of Atom % Mass of Atom %
Z Name Symbol Z Name Symbol
(u) Abundance (u) Abundance
57
Fe 56.935399 2.119
58 84
Fe 57.933280 0.282 38 Strontium Sr 83.913425 0.56
86
Sr 85.909262 9.86
59 87
27 Cobalt Co 58.933200 100 Sr 86.908879 7.00
88
Sr 87.905614 82.58
58
28 Nickel Ni 57.935348 68.0769
60 89
Ni 59.930791 26.2231 39 Yttrium Y 88.905848 100
61
Ni 60.931060 1.1399
62 90
Ni 61.928349 3.6345 40 Zirconium Zr 89.904704 51.45
64 91
Ni 63.927970 0.9256 Zr 90.905645 11.22
92
Zr 91.905040 17.15
63 94
29 Copper Cu 62.929601 69.17 Zr 93.906316 17.38
65 96
Cu 64.927794 30.83 Zr 95.908276 2.80

64 93
30 Zinc Zn 63.929147 48.63 41 Niobium Nb 92.906378 100
66
Zn 65.926037 27.90
67 92
Zn Mo 91.906810 14.84
66.927131 4.10 42 Molybdenum
68 94
Zn Mo 93.905088 9.25
67.924848 18.75
70 95
Zn Mo 94.905841 15.92
69.925325 0.62
96
Mo 95.904679 16.68
69 97
31 Gallium Ga Mo 96.906021 9.55
68.925581 60.108
71 98
Ga Mo 97.905408 24.13
70.924705 39.892 100
Mo 99.907477 9.63
70
32 Germanium Ge
69.924250 20.84
72 98
Ge Tc 97.907216 *
73
71.922076 27.54 43 Technetium
Ge
74
72.923459 7.73 96
Ge Ru 95.907598 5.54
76
73.921178 36.28 44 Ruthenium 98
Ge Ru 97.905287 1.87
75.921403 7.61 99
Ru 98.905939 12.76
75 100
33 Arsenic As Ru 99.904220 12.60
74.921596 100 101
Ru 100.905582 17.06
102
34 Selenium 74
Se 73.922477 0.89 Ru 101.904350 31.55
76 104
Se 75.919214 9.37 Ru 103.905430 18.62
77
Se 76.919915 7.63
78 103
Se 77.917310 23.77 45 Rhodium Rh 102.905504 100
80
Se 79.916522 49.61
82 102
Se 81.916700 8.73 46 Palladium Pd 101.905608 1.02
104
Pd 103.904035 11.14
105
35 Bromine 79
Br Pd 104.905084 22.33
78.918338 50.69
81 106
Br Pd 105.903483 27.33
80.916291 49.31
108
Pd 107.903894 26.46
110
36 Krypton 78
Kr Pd 109.905152 11.72
77.920386 0.35
80
Kr
79.916378 2.28 107
82 Ag
Kr 106.905093 51.839
81.913485 11.58 47 Silver 109
83 Ag
Kr 108.904756 48.161
82.914136 11.49
84
Kr
83.911507 57.00 106
86 Cd
Kr 105.906458 1.25
85.910610 17.30 48 Cadmium 108
Cd
107.904183 0.89
110
37 Rubidium 85
Rb Cd
84.911789 72.17 111
109.903006 12.49
87
Rb Cd
86.909183 27.83 110.904182 12.80
 Mass of Atom % Z Name Sy mbol Mass of Atom %
Z Name Symbol
(u) Abundance (u) Abundance
112 137
Cd 111.902757 24.13 Ba 136.905821 11.232
113 138
Cd 112.904401 12.22 Ba 137.905241 71.698
114
Cd 113.903358 28.73
116 138
Cd 115.904755 7.49 57 Lanthanum La 137.907107 0.090
139
La 138.906348 99.910
113
49 Indium In 112.904061 4.29
115 136
In 114.903878 95.71 58 Cerium Ce 135.907144 0.185
138
Ce 137.905986 0.251
112 140
50 Tin Sn 111.904821 0.97 Ce 139.905434 88.450
114
Sn 113.902782 0.66
142
Ce 141.909240 11.114
115
Sn
114.903346 0.34
116
Sn 141
115.901744 14.54 59 Praseodymium Pr 140.907648 100
117
Sn
116.902954 7.68
118
Sn 142
117.901606 24.22 60 Neodymium Nd 141.907719 27.2
119
Sn 143
118.903309 8.59 Nd 142.909810 12.2
120
Sn 144
119.902197 32.58 Nd 143.910083 23.8
122
Sn 145
121.903440 4.63 Nd 144.912569 8.3
124
Sn 146
123.905275 5.79 Nd 145.913112 17.2
148
Nd 147.916889 5.7
121
51 Antimony Sb 150
120.903818 57.21 Nd
123 149.920887 5.6
Sb
122.904216 42.79
145
Pm 144.912744 *
120
61 Promethium
52 Tellurium Te
122 119.904020 0.09
Te 144
Sm 143.911995 3.07
123 121.903047 2.55 62 Samarium
Te 147
Sm 146.914893 14.99
124 122.904273 0.89
Te 148
Sm 147.914818 11.24
125 123.902819 4.74
Te 149
Sm 148.917180 13.82
126
Te 124.904425 7.07
150
Sm 149.917271 7.38
128
Te 125.903306 18.84 152
Sm 151.919728 26.75
130
Te 127.904461 31.74 154
Sm 153.922205 22.75
129.906223 34.08
127
53 Iodine I 126.904468 100 151
63 Europium Eu
150.919846 47.81
153
Eu
152.921226 52.19
124
54 Xenon Xe 123.905896 0.09
126
Xe 125.904269 0.09 64 Gadolinium 152
Gd
128 151.919788 0.20
Xe 127.903530 1.92 154
Gd
129 153.920862 2.18
Xe 128.904779 26.44 155
Gd
130 154.922619 14.80
Xe 129.903508 4.08 156
Gd
131 155.922120 20.47
Xe 130.905082 21.18 157
Gd
132
Xe 158
156.923957 15.65
131.904154 26.89 Gd
134
Xe 160 157.924101 24.84
133.905395 10.44 Gd
136
Xe 159.927051 21.86
135.907220 8.87
159
65 Terbium Tb 158.925343 100
133
55 Cesium Cs 132.905447 100

156
66 Dysprosium Dy 155.924278 0.06
130
56 Barium Ba 129.906310 0.106 158
Dy 157.924405 0.10
132
Ba 131.905056 0.101 160
Dy 159.925194 2.34
134 161
Ba 133.904503 2.417 Dy 160.926930 18.91
135 162
Ba 134.905683 6.592 Dy 161.926795 25.51
136 163
Ba 135.904570 7.854 Dy 162.928728 24.90
 Mass of Atom % Mass of Atom %
Z Name Symbol Z Name Symbol
(u) Abundance (u) Abundance
164
Dy 163.929171 28.18
191
77 Iridium Ir 190.960591 37.3
165 193
67 Holmium Ho 164.930319 100 Ir 192.962924 62.7

190
68 Erbium 162
Er 161.928775 0.14 78 Platinum Pt 189.959930 0.014
164 192
Er 163.929197 1.61 Pt 191.961035 0.782
166 194
Er 165.930290 33.61 Pt 193.962664 32.967
167 195
Er 166.932045 22.93 Pt 194.964774 33.832
168 196
Er 167.932368 26.78 Pt 195.964935 25.242
170 198
Er 169.935460 14.93 Pt 197.967876 7.163

197
69 Thulium 169
Tm 168.934211 100 79 Gold Au
196.966552 100

196
70 Ytterbium 168
Yb 167.933894 0.13 80 Mercury Hg
195.965815 0.15
170 198
Yb 169.934759 3.04 Hg
197.966752 9.97
171 199
Yb 170.936322 14.28 Hg
198.968262 16.87
172 200
Yb 171.936378 21.83 Hg
199.968309 23.10
173 201
Yb 172.938207 16.13 Hg
202
200.970285 13.18
174
Yb Hg
173.938858 31.83 201.970626 29.86
176 204
Yb Hg
175.942568 12.76 203.973476 6.87

175 203
71 Lutetium Lu 174.940768 97.41 81 Thallium Tl
176 205 202.972329 29.524
Lu Tl
175.942682 2.59 204.974412 70.476

174 204
72 Hafnium Hf Pb
173.940040 0.16 82 Lead 203.973029 1.4
176 206
Hf Pb
175.941402 5.26 205.974449 24.1
177 207
Hf Pb
176.943220 18.60 206.975881 22.1
178 208
Hf Pb
177.943698 27.28 207.976636 52.4
179
Hf
178.945815 13.62 209
180
Hf Bi
179.946549 35.08 83 Bismuth 208.980383 100

180 209
73 Tantalum Ta Po
181
179.947466 0.012 84 Polonium 208.982416 *
Ta
180.947996 99.988 210
At
180
85 Astatine 209.987131 *
74 Tungsten W
182 179.946706 0.12 222
W Rn
183 181.948206 26.50 86 Radon 222.017570 *
W
184 182.950224 14.31 223
W Fr
186 183.950933 30.64 87 Francium 223.019731 *
W
185.954362 28.43 226
Ra
185 88 Radium 226.025403 *
75 Rhenium Re
187 184.952956 37.40 227
Re Ac
186.955751 62.60 89 Actinium 227.027747 *
184 232
76 Osmium Os Th
186
Os 183.952491 0.02 90 Thorium 232.038050 100
187
Os 185.953838 1.59 231
Pa
188 186.955748 1.96 91 Protactinium
Os 231.035879 100
189 187.955836 13.24 234
Os U 234.040946 0.0055
190 235
Os 188.958145 16.15 92 Uranium U 235.043923 0.7200
192 238
Os 189.958445 26.26 U 238.050783 99.2745
191.961479 40.78
 Mass of Atom %
Z Name Symbol
(u) Abundance

237
93 Neptunium Np 237.048167 *

244
94 Plutonium Pu 244.064198 *

243
95 Americium Am 243.061373 *

247
96 Curium Cm 247.070347 *

247
97 Berkelium Bk 247.070299 *

251
98 Californium Cf 251.079580 *

252
99 Einsteinium Es 252.082972 *

257
100 Fermium Fm 257.095099 *

258
101 Mendelevium Md 258.098425 *

259
102 Nobelium No 259.101024 *

262
103 Lawrencium Lr 262.109692 *

263
104 Rutherfordium Rf 263.118313 *

262
105 Dubnium Db 262.011437 *

266
106 Seaborgium Sg 266.012238 *

264
107 Bohrium Bh 264.012496 *

269
108 Hassium Hs 269.001341 *

268
109 Meitnerium Mt 268.001388 *

272
110 Ununnilium Uun 272.001463 *

272
111 Unununium Uuu 272.001535 *

277
112 Ununbium Uub (277) *

289
114 Ununquadium Uuq (289) *

289
116 Ununhexium Uuh (289) *

118 Ununoctium 293

Uuo (293) *