CEN ENx4S9 44 MM 3NONSBS 0087757 Th) Mi BRITISH STANDARD Welding consumables — Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels — Classification ‘The European Standard EN 499 : 1994 has the status of a British Standard 1GIN ANY FORM WITHOVT WRITTEN PEVAISSION BS EN Copyright by the European Committee For Standardization Sun Sop 28 [Link] 2003 STANDARDSBS EN 499: 1995 CEN ENS499 94 MM 3404589 0087758 ITS “Thain Stand hain ‘nen prepered urdce the ection of the Engineer Sector Board (2) as publthed under the suthorty ‘Ofte Standards Board and ‘comes ita efecto Biase 1005 east 1, ‘Tae following Bt eefererees feta othe work on thie ‘anand ‘Committe reference WEE Draft for commer 1/25881 DC saw 0580 25708 5 Committees responsible for this British Standard ‘The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/39, Welding consumables, upon which the following bodies were represented! Aluminium Federation Associated Offices Technical Committee Association of Welding Distributors British Association for Brazing and Soldering British Compressed Gases Association British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd British Steel Industry Electricity Association Engineering Equipment and Materials Users’ Association Loyd's Register of Shipping Magnesium Industry Council ower Generation Contractors Association (PGCA (BEAMA Ltd.)) Process Plant Assuciation Stainless Stee! Wire Industry Association Welding Institute Welding Manufacturers Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Coopted member Amend Amé.No. [Date ‘Text affected Copyright by the European Committee For Standardization Sun Sep 28 [Link] 2003,CEN EN499 94 Mm 3NDU5ES 0087759 834 mm National foreword ‘This Dritish Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee WBE/39 and is the English language version of EN 499 : 1904 Welding consumables — Covored electrodes for manual metal arc wealding of non alloy and fine grain steels — Classification, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN 499 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the United Kingdom took an active part. EN 499 supersedes BS 639 ; 1986 which is withdrawn. Cross-references Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard EN 22401: 1883 BS EN 22401 - 1994 Covered electrodes — Determination of the efficiency, metal recovery and deposition coefficient EN 26847 : 1993 BS EN 26847 : 1994 Covered electrodes for manual ‘metal are welding — Deposition of a weld metal pad for chemical analysis Iso 31-0 : 1962 BS 5775 Specification for quantities, units and symbols Part 0 : 1993 General principles Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immanity from legal obligations, Copyright by the European Committee For Standardization Sun Sep 28 [Link] 2003,CEN EN*499 94 Mm 3404569 0087760 SSL mm EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 499 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM December 1994 1s 25,100.20 Descipton: Manual metal arc welding, welding electrodes, coverod electrodes, uraloyed steels, manganese stel, alloy steels ‘clasificaen, symbols English version Welding consumables — Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels — Classification Produits consommables pour le soudage — ‘SchweiSzusétze — Umhillte Stabelexuroden Electrodes enrobées pour le soudage zzam Lichtbogenhandschweifen von manuel a I'arc des aciers non alliés et des ‘unlegierten Stahlen und Feinkornstahlen — aciers & grain fin — Classification Einteilung ‘This Buropean Standard was approved by CEN on 1984-12-05. CEN members aze bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Upto-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. ‘This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austra, Belgur, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Leland, Italy, Laxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europiisches Komitee fir Normung Contral Seeretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1004 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 499: 1994 Copyright by te European Committee For Standardization Sun Sep 28 [Link] 2003,CEN ENSUS9 94 Mm 3404589 0087762 492 mm Page 2 EN 499 : 1994 Foreword ‘This Buropean Standard was prepared by the ‘Technical Committee CEN/TC 121, Welding, the secretariat of which is held by DS. CCEN/TC 121 decided to submit the final draft for formal vote by its resolution 152/1992, ‘The result was positive, Annex A is informative and contains a description of types of electrode covering. ‘Annex B is also informative and contains the bibliography. In normative references, reference is made to 180 3600. It should be noted that a European Standard (00121128) is under preparation for the same subject in CEN/TC 121/SC 3. ‘This European Standard shail be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, atthe latest by ‘June 1996 and conflicting national standards shall be withdravn atthe latest by June 1096, ‘According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to Implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgum, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CCopytight by the European Committee For Standardization ‘Sun Sep 28 [Link] 2003 Contents Foreword 0 Introduction 1 Scope 2 Normnative references 8 Classification 4 Symbols and requirements 4.1. Symbol for the product/process 4 1 .2. Symbol for strength and elongation of all-weld metal 4.3 Symbol for impact properties of all-weld metal 4.4 Symbol for the chemical ‘composition of all-weld metal 4.5 Symbol for type of electrode ‘covering 4.6 Symbol for weld metal recovery and type of current. 4.7 Symbol for welding position 4.8 Symbol for hydrogen content of all-weld metal 5 Mechanical tests 5.1 Preheating and interpass ‘temperacures Pass sequence ‘Chernical analysis ‘Technical delivery conditions Example of designation ‘Annex A (informative) Description of types of electrode covering Annex B (informative) Bibliography RE eee est Cheer Eee EE Re He Ec aera a teCopyright by the European Committes For Standarcization ‘Sun Sop 28 [Link] 2003 CEN ENS4S5 94 Ml 3404585 O0877E2 325 0 Introduction ‘This standard proposes a classification in order to designate covered electrodes in terms of the yield strength, tensile strength and elongation of the all-weld metal. The ratio of yield to tensile strength (of weld metal is generally higher than that of parent metal. Users should note that matching ‘weld metal yield strength to parent metal yield strength will not necessarily ensure that the weld ‘metal tensile strength matches that of the parent material. Where the application requires matching tensile strength, therefore, selection of the consumable should be made by reference to coluinn 3 of table 1. {It should be noted that the mechanical properties of all-weld metal test specimens used to classify the electrodes will vary froin those obtained in production joints because of differences in welding Procedure Such as electrode size, width of weave, ‘welding position and material composition. 1 Scope This standard specifies requirements for classification of covered electrodes and deposited metal in the a5-welded condition for manual metal are weiding of non alloy and fine grain steels with ‘a minimum yiold strength of up to 500 N/mm? in the welded condition 2 Normative references ‘This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications, These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated Teferences, subsequent amendments to or revisions ‘of any of these publications apply to this Buropean ‘Standards only when incorporated in it by ‘ainendaent or revision, For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. PrEN 759 Welding consumables — Technical delivery conditions for welding {filler metals inctuding type of ‘product, dimensions, tolerances ‘and marking EN 1597-1 Welding consumables — Testing for classification Part 1. Test assembly for atl-weld matal west specimen in steel, nickel and nickel alloys prEN 1897-3 Welding consumables — Testing for classification Part 3. Testing of positional capability of welding consumables ina fillet weld Page 3 EN 499 : 1994 EN 22401 Conared electrodes — Determination of the efficiency, ‘metal recovery and deposition cogfficiont EN 26847 Covered electrodes for marauat ‘metal are welding — Deposition of a weld metal pad for chemical analysis Quantities and units Part 0. General principles Welding — Determination of hydrogen in deposited weld metat arising from the use of covered electrodes for welding mild and low alloy steels Iso 31-0 Iso 3680 8 Classification ‘The classification includes all-weld metal properties obtained with a covered electrode as given below. The classification is based on the electrode size 4 mm with the exception of the symbol for welding Position which is based on BN 1597-3. The classification is divided into cight parts 1) the first part glves a symbol indicating the product/process to be identified; 2) the second part gives a syrmbal indicating the strength and elongation of all-weld metal; 3) the third part gives a symbol indicating the impact properties of all-weld metal; 4) the fourth part gives a symbol indicating the chemical composition of all-weld met 5) the fifth part gives a eymbol indicating the type of electrode covering; 6) the sixth part gives a symbol indicating the weld metal recovery and type of current; 7) the seventh part gives a symbol indicating the ‘welding position; £8) the eight part gives a eymbol indicating the hydrogen content of all-weld mets 1m order to promote the use of this standard, the classification is split into two sections: 2) Compulsory section ‘This section includes the symbols fo the type of product, the strength and elongation, the impact properties, the chemical composition and the type of , Le. the symbols defined ina, 42, 43, 44 and 5, 0) Optional section ‘This section includes the symbols for the weld ‘metal recovery, the type of current, the welding ‘sitions for which the electrode is suitable, and {he symbol for hydrogen content, je. the symbols defined in 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8. ‘The full designation (see clause 6) shall be used on packages and in the manufacturer's literature and data sheets.CEN ENSHS9 94 MM 3404585 0087763 2L5 mm Page 4 EN 499: 1994 4 Symbols and requirements 4.1 Symbol for the produet/process ‘The symbol for the covered electrode used in the manual metal are welding process shall be the letter B placed at the beginning of the designation. 4.2 Symbol for strength and elongation of all-weld metal ‘Tho symbol in table 1 indicates yield strength, tense strength and elongation of the all-weld ‘metal in the as-welded condition determined in accordance with clause 5. ‘Table 1, Symbol for strength and elongation of all-weld metal ‘Syabel | Miniwan | Teaslle | Stlninom yield sstreng:h | elongation?) wage? wen? |rimmt | 35 365 ‘440-670 [22 38 380 470 - 600 |20 42 420 500 - 640 | 20 46 460 1530 - 680 |20 50 500 560-720 |18 "io yield sre the lower eld, shall be sed when slktng oceus, otherwise the 0,2 % proof strength yy) all be weed, Gauge length i equal to five times the specimen diameter 4.9 Symbol for impact properties of all-weld metal The symbol in table 2 indicates the temperature at which an average impact energy of 47 J is achieved under the conditions given in clause 5. Three ‘specimens shall be tested. Only one individual value may be lower than 47 J but not lower than 32 J. When an all-weld metal has been classified for a certain temperature, it automatically covers any higher temperature in table 2. [Table 2, Symbol for Lmpact properties of all-weld metal Sysabot ature for minicium average pact energy of 47 5 °c fz No requirement A +20 0 0 2 - 20 3 ~ 30 4 - 40 5 - 50 16 Sere an Copyright by the European Committee For Standardization ‘Sun Sep [Link] 2003 4.4 Symbol for the chemical composition of all-weld metal ‘The symbol in table 3 indicates the cheinical composition of all-weld metal, determined in accordance with clause 6, ‘Table 5. Symbol for chemical composition of all-weld metal ‘Ally spubot | Chemical composition co Mo wi ‘No symbot [2,0 = = Mo 14 19,3-06 |— MnMo | >1,4-2,0/0,3-0,6 |- IN, 14 - 06 = 1,2 2Ni 14 = 18-26 3Ni 4 - > 26-38 MnINi | >1,4-2,0]- 06-12 INio [14 03-06 [06-12 2 ‘Any other agreed composition Tit nok apeified Mo < Ga, Ni <3, Or < Dz ¥ < OMB, Nb 0,05, Cu < 0,3, fangle values shown inthe table mean mimum values, rte results shall be rounded tothe tame numberof sgoiieant figures as inthe epscted value wing the rules according 1130 21-0, annex B Rule A. 4.5 Symbol for type of electrode covering The type of covering of a covered electrode depends substantially on the type of slag-forming components. The symbols indicating the type shall be formed by the following letters or groups of letters: A = acid covering C_m cellulosic covering R= rutile covering BR ~ rutile thick covering RC = rutile-celulosic covering RA = rutile-acid covering RB = rutile-basie covering B= basic covering NOTE. A description of the characteristics of each of the types of covering given bn annex A.CEN EN*899 94 MM BUDNSS9 0087764 LT) mm 4.6 Symbol for weld metal recovery and type of current ‘The symbol in table 4 indicates weld metal recovery, determined according to EN 22401 with the type of current shown in table 4, Page 5 EN 499; 1994 ‘Table 6. Symbol Tor hydrogen content af all-weld metal Sobol] lpdrogen content iN al-wald metal [is 5 Ho 10 mis {15 ‘Table 4 Symbol for weld metal recovery and type of current Symbol | Weld metal recovery | Type of eareeni™ * T = 105 ae + de 2 105 ae. 3 >5s12 lac +d 4 > 105.5125 |de. 5 > 155160 jac +de 6 >is sis de. 1 > 160 ac + de. 8 > 160 de “in oder o dons opera on wc, sams dalbe carted out with noioad woage net her han 63 Mae. = temating curent; dc. = dre carent 4.7 Symbol for welding position ‘The symbol below for welding positions indicates the positiors for which the electrode is tested according to EN 1597-3: 1) all positions; 2) all positions, except vertical down; 3) flat butt weld, flat fillet weld, horizontal Vertical fillet weld; 4) flat buvt weld, fat filet weld; 5) vertical down and positions according to symbol 3. 4.8 Symbol for hydrogen content of all-weld metal ‘The symbol in table 5 indicates the hydrogen ‘content determined in all-weld metal from electrode size 4 mm in accordance with the method given in [$0 3690. The current used shall be 90 % of the maximum value recommended by the ‘manufacturer. Blectrodes recommended for use with a.c. shall be tested using a.c... Electrodes Tecommended for d.c. only shall be tested using dc, with electrode positive. ‘The manufacturer shall provide information on the recommended type of current and drying ‘conditions for achieving the hydrogen levels. Copyright by the European Committee For Standardization ‘Sun Sep 28 [Link] 2003 NOTE. Other methods of collection and measurement of Atte hydrogen may be used for teh ting peeve they oases equal repraducbty with, nnd ure calibrated again the mos een in 150360. The Byrogen eed by he type of curene, NOTE 2. Cracks in welded jlnts ray be caused cy sigifcantly Inftuenced by hycrogen. "The risk of hydrogens indced cracks Increases with sng alloy content and sires level. Such cack generally develop after the jin has become cold and are {herefore tered cold cracks. Assuming thatthe external conditions are satisfactory (weld areas clean and dry) che hydrogen tn te weld Metal stems from Inydegecontining compounds in the consumabes; In the tae of ba covered electrodes the waler Laken up bythe ‘coverings the main source ‘The water disoxtates In the are and gives rte to atomic Inydeogen which is absorbed by the weld rea ‘Under given materia and stress eondlions the ris of cold ‘cracking dinishes with decreasing hydrogen coptcot of the ‘weld metal [NOTE 3. In practice, the appropriate rydrogen level wil depend fon the particular application and, to encure that tis x Achieved the relovant handling, storage ana éryig condtons fesprmenced by the elecuoge anacarer sonia be 5 Mechanical tests ‘Tensile and impact tests and any required retests shall be carried out in the as-welded condition using an all-weld metal test assembly type 3 according to EN 1697-1 using 4 mm electrodes and welding conditions 3 deseribed below in 6.1 and 5.2, 5.1 Preheating and interpass temperatures reheating is not required; welding may start from. room temperature. ‘The interpass temperature shall be measured using ‘temperature indicator crayons, surface thermometers or thermocouples. ‘The interpass temperature shall not exceed 250 °C. Uf, after any pass, the interpass temperature is ‘exceeded, the test assembly shall be cooled in air toa temperature below that limit.CEN EN*499 94 MH 3404589 00877b5 038 mm Page 6 EN 499 : 1994 5.2 Pass sequence ‘The pass sequence shall be as indicated in table 6. ‘The direction of welding to complete @ layer consisting of two passes shall not vary, but the direction of welding of layers shall be alternated. Each pass shall be welded with a welding current of 90 % of the maximum current recommended by the manufacturer. Regardless of the type of covering, welding shall be performed with a.c. when both ae. and d.c. are reeommended and with d.c. using the recommended polarity when only dic. is claimed. [Table 6. Pass sequence [etectrode [Split weave Jaismeter [Layer no. | Pasea per | Nomber ot layer agers 4,0 Ttotop [2 7-8 he te tw es ay be competed wth 3 pes per 6 Chemical analysis ‘Chemical analysis shall be performed on any suitable test piece. In ease of dispute specimens in accordance with EN 26847 shall be used. Any ‘analytical technique may be used, but in case of dispute reference shall be made 10 established published methods. NOTE, Seo B.t and B.2 7 Technical delivery conditions ‘Technical delivery conditions shall meet the requirements in EN 759. Copyright by the European Committee For Standardization ‘Sun Sep 28 [Link] 2003 8 Example of designation [Link] electrode for manual metal are welding eposits a weld metal with a minimum yield strongth of 460 N/mm? (46) and a minimum average impact energy of 47 J at -30 °C (3) and a ‘chemical composition of 1,1 % Mn and 0,7 % Ni (IND. The electrode with baste covering (B) and a metai recovery of 140 % may be used with a.c. and dic. (5) in at butt and Mat filet welds (4). Hydrogen is devermined according to 180 3690 and does not exceed 6 mi/100 g deposited weld metal 5). ‘The designation will be: EN 499 - £46 3 IN B54 H5 Compulsory seetion: EN 499 - E46 3 NIB where: EN 499 = standard number; E = covered electrode/manual metal are welding (see 4.1); 46 = strength and elongation (see table 1); 8 ‘= impact properties (see table 2); INL = chemical composition of all-weld metal (see table 3); B = type of electrode covering (eee 4.5); 5 = recovery and type of current (see table 4); 4 = welding position (see 4.7); HS = hydrogen content (see table 5).CEN EN499 94 Mm 3u045a5 Annex A (informative) Description of types of electrode covering A.l General ‘The properties of a covered electrode, that is, bath its welding characteristics and mechanical properties of the weld metal are decisively influenced by the covering. This homogeneous rrixture of substances generally contains the following five main components: ~ siag-forming materials; deoxidants; shielding gas-forming materials; ~ jonizing agents; ~~ binders and, if necessary; ~ alloying elements. In eddition iron powder may be added to increase the weld metal recovery (see 4.6), which may. affect the positional welding properties, In the following, thick covering means a diameter ratio of covering to core wire greater than or equal w 16. A.2 Aeld-covered clectrodes ‘The covering of this type is characterized by lange proportions of iron oxides and, as a result of the high oxygen potential, of deoxidants (ferro-manganese). With a thick covering, the acid slag causes a very fine droplet transfer and produces flat and smooth welds. Electrodes with acid covering only have a limited application for positional welding and are more susceptible to solidification eracking than other types. A.3 Cellulosic-covered electrode Electrodes of this type contain a large quantity of combustible organic substances, particularly cellulose, in the covering. Owing to the intensive are, such electrodes are especially suitable for ‘welding in the vertical downward position, Ad Rutile-covered electrodes Electrodes of this type will give a coarse droplet transfer which ensures that these electrodes are suitable for welding sheet metal. Rutile type electrodes are suitable forall welding positions, except the vertical downward position, A.6 Rutile-thick-covered electrodes Electrodes of this type have a diameter ratio of covering to core wite greater than or equal to 1.6. Characteristic features are the high rutile content of their covering, theit good resting characteristics and thelf finely rippled regular ‘welds A.6 Rutlle-celluloste-covered cleetrodes ‘The compasition of the covering of these electrodes is similar to that of rutile-type electrodes, containing, Nowever, larger quantities of cellulose Electrodes of this type are therefore suitable for welding in the vertical downward position. Copyright by the European Committee For Standardization ‘Sun Sop 28 [Link] 2003 00877bb T74 mm Page 7 EN 499: 1994 A.7 Rutile-scid-covered electrodes Concerning welding characteristics, electrodes of this mixed type are comparable to electrodes having an acid covering. However, in the covering of these electrodes a substantial proportion of iron oxide has been replaced by rutile. Therefore, these electrodes, having mostly a thick covering, are suitable for all positions, except the vertical downward position, A.8 Ratile-basie-covered electrodes Characteristic features of this type of covering are 2 large quantity of rutile and an increased proportion of basic components. These electrodes, ‘having mostly a thick covering, are characterized ‘by good mechanical properties. They possess uniformly good welding properties in all positions ‘except the vertical downward position. A.9 Baste-covered electrodes ‘A characteristic feature of the thick covering of these electrodes is the large quantity of carbonates of the allaline earth metals, e.g. calcium carbonate ime) and fluorspar. Tb improve the welding properties, particularly with a.c. welding, higher ‘concentrations of non-basic components (e.g. rutile andfor quartz) maybe required. Basic-covered electrodes have two outstanding Properties: the impact energy of the weld metal is higher, particularly at low temperatures, and they are mare resistant to cracking than all other types. ‘Their resistance to solidification cracking results. from the high metallurgical purity of the weld metal, whilst the low risk of cold cracking, provided dry electrodes are used, 1s attributable to the low hydrogen content. It is lower than with all, ‘other types: it should not exceed an upper permissible lik of H » 15 m/100 g of deposited Generally, electrodes of the basic type are suitable {or all welding positions, except the vertical downward position. Basic-type electrodes especially suited for the vertical downward position, have a particular composition. Annex B (informative) Bibliography BA Handbuch far Eisenhiittenlaboratorium Sampling and analysis of iron, ‘Stesl and other ferrous metals Part 3: Methods of analysts B.2 BS 6200.3CEN EN*495 14 MM 3404585 006774? 100 Ml BS EN 499 : 1995 List of references ‘See national foreword. Copyright by the European Committes For Standardization Sun Sop 28 [Link] 2003,BS EN 499 : 1995 RS ‘389 Chiswick High Road London Wa 4aL, CEN ENS499 94 MM 3404585 0087765 647 Ml BSI — British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British ‘Standards, It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. tis incorporated by Royal Charter. Contract requirements ‘A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract, Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Revisions [British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. 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This does not preclude the froc use, in the course of implementing the standard of necessary details such as symbols and size, type or grade designations including use by incorporation into computer programs, but where these detalls are reproduced Including without limitation In printed form, in computer programs or in any other form whatsoever, the permission in writing of BSI must be obtained and if granted will be on terms including royalty, before the product is sold, licensed or otherwise exploited for commercial gain. Enquiries about copyright should be made to the Copyright Manager at Chiswick 9509-0 0.9K FF ISBN 0 590 25708 5 weesse Copyright by the European Committee For Standardization ‘Sun Sep 28 [Link] 2003