Conditionals.
Los "conditionales" son ciertas estructuras del ingls en las cuales, si cierta
condicin, situacin o circunstancia es verdadera, entonces sucede un
resultado especfico. Aqu veremos varios tipos usuales de "condicionales"
Zero Conditional - (Type Zero) - Situacin siempre verdaderaIf you freeze
water, it turns into ice.
First Conditional - (Type I) - Situacin real o posibleIf it rains today, I'll stay
at home.
Second Conditional - (Type II) - Situacin hipotticaIf I won the lottery, I
would travel around the world.
Third Conditional - (Type III) - Situacin hipottica del pasadoIf I had won
the lottery, I would have traveled around the world.
Conditional: wish + past simple- Deseo sobre una situacin irrealI wish I
were rich (but I am not)
Conditional: wish + past perfect - Deseo sobre el pasadoI wish I had
learned English when I was younger (but I didn't)
Conditional: wish + would - Expresando desagrado o irritacinI wish you
would stop making that noise
Palabras para expresar condiciones: unless, provided, You won't pass the
exam unless you study harder.
Zero Conditional.
Este condicional refiere a una situacin que es siempre verdadera (verdades
universales): If you freeze water, it turns into ice.
If clause
Main clause
If + Present tense
Present tense
If you freeze water
it turns into ice.
If you freeze water, it turns into ice.
Si congelas el agua, se convierte en hielo.
If I work too much, I get tired.
Si trabajo demasiado, me canso.
If I have time, I usually go to the movies.
Si tengo tiempo, generalmente voy al cine.
First Conditional - (type I)
Se forma con if + simple present + simple future. Se emplea cuando una
situacin es real o posible: If it rains today, I'll stay at home. Aqu tienes
algunos ejemplos traducidos.
If clause
Main clause
If + Present tense
will / can / may / must +
verb
If it rains today,
I'll stay at home
If he is busy now, I will come back tomorrow.
Si est ocupado ahora, regresar maana.
If I have time, I'll visit my parents this afternoon.
Si tengo tiempo, visitar a mis padres esta tarde.
If it is warm tomorrow, we'll go to the beach.
Si est caluroso maana, iremos a la playa.
If it is cold, you must wear warm clothes.
Si est fro, debes usar ropa abrigada.
Second Conditional - (type II)
Refiere a una situacin hipottica y se forma segn la estructura if + simple
past + simple condicional. Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.
If clause
Main clause
If + Past Simple
would / could / might +
verb
If I won the lottery,
I would travel around the
world.
If I were in Brazil, I would go to Rio de Janeiro.
Si yo estuviese en Brasil, ira a Ro de Janeiro.
If I were you, I would buy that car.
Si yo fuese t, comprara ese auto.
If he were in my place, he wouldn't do this.
Si l estuviese en mi lugar, no hara esto.
If I had more money, I would buy a nice apartment.
Si yo tuviese ms dinero, me comprara un lindo apartamento.
If she had more time, she would travel more often.
Si ella tuviera ms tiempo, viajara ms a menudo.
Third Conditional - (type III)
Third Conditional, tambin -Type III- Refiere a una situacin hipottica del
pasado y se forma segn la estructura : if + past perfect + conditional perfect.
Aqu tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.
If clause
Main clause
If + Past Perfect tense
would/could/might + have + past
participle
If I had won the lottery,
I would have traveled around the world.
If I had seen him, I would have told him about you.
Si lo hubiese visto, le habra contado acerca de ti.
If I had known the answer, I would have raised my hand.
Si hubiese sabido la respuesta, habra levantado mi mano.
If she had come on Saturday, I would have seen her.
Si ella hubiese venido el sbado, la habra visto.
If they had left earlier, they would have arrived on time.
Si ellos hubiesen salido ms temprano, habran llegado a tiempo.
Conditionals: wish + past simple
Utilizamos el condicional formado con wish y pasado simple para expresar un
deseo sobre una situacin irreal: I wish I were rich (though I am not). Aqu
tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.
Wish + Past simple
Se usa para expresar un deseo sobre una situacin irreal
I wish I were rich (but I am not)
Yo deseo/ojal que fuera rico (pero no lo soy)
I wish I could fly.
Ojal pudiera volar.
I wish I spoke English more fluently.
Ojal hablara ingls ms fludamente.
I wish I lived in a house near the beach
Ojal viviera en una casa cerca de la playa.
Conditionals: wish + past perfect
El condicional formado con wish y el pasado perfecto expresa deseos sobre el
pasado: "I wish I had learned English when I was younger". Aqu tienes algunos
ejemplos traducidos.
Wish + Past Perfect (Se usa para expresar un deseo frustrado sobre el pasado)
I wish I had learned English when I was younger.
Ojal hubiera aprendido ingls cuando era ms joven.
I wish I had stayed at the party.
Ojal me hubiera quedado en la fiesta.
I wish I hadn't seen Mark and Lucy together!
Deseara no haber visto a Mark y a Lucy juntos!
I wish I had listened to you.
Ojal te hubiera escuchado.
Conditionals: wish + would
Expresamos desagrado o irritacin formando el condicional con wish seguido
de would: I wish you would stop making that noise. Aqu tienes algunos
ejemplos traducidos.
Wish + Would
Se usa para expresar desagrado o irritacin sobre algo que pasa y que
probablemente no se pueda remediar
I wish you would stop making that noise.
Ojal dejaras de hacer ese ruido.
I wish they would stop fighting.
Ojal dejaran de pelear.
I wish you would just shut up!
Ojal te callaras!
I wish Tom wouldn't snore so much...
Ojal Tom no roncara tanto...
Words to express conditions
Ciertas palabras nos permiten expresar condiciones: unless, if, provided,
providing that, in case: You won't pass the exam unless you study harder. Aqu
tienes algunos ejemplos traducidos.
Unless - a menos que
Provided/ing (that) - siempre y cuando
As long as - siempre y cuando
However/No matter how, Whoever, Whichever
