Relaciones entre las funciones trigonométricas.

1 1 1 sen x cos x
ctg x= sec x= csc x= tg x = ctg x=
tg x cos x sen x cos x sen x

sen2 x +cos 2 x=1 ; 1+tg 2 x=sec 2 x ; 1+ctg 2 x =csc 2 x .

Funciones trigonométricas de (x+y) y (x-y).

sen (x+y)= senx cosy + cosx sen y. sen (x-y)=senx cosy - cosx seny.

cos(x+y)=cosx cosy - sen x sen y. cos(x-y)= cosx cosy +senx seny.

tgx+tgy tgx−tgy
tg(x+y)= 1−tgx tgy . tg(x-y)= 1+ tg x tg y .

Funciones trigonométricas de 2x y de ½ x.

2 tg x
sen 2x=2 sen x cos x; cos 2x=cos 2 x - sen2 x ; tg 2x= .
1−tg 2 x

x 1−cos x x 1+cos x x 1−cos x

sen2x=1/2-1/2 cos 2x; cos 2x=1/2+1/2 cos 2x.

dc d v du dv
I =0. XII (u )=v uv−1 +lnu. u v
dx dx dx dx

dx d dv
II =1. XIII ( senv )=¿cosv .
dx dx dx

d du dv dw d dv
III (u+ v−w)= + − XIV ( cosv)=¿-sen v .
dx dx dx dx dx dx

d dv d dv
IV ( cv)=c . XV (tgv )=sec 2 v .
dx dx dx dx

d dv du d dv
V (uv )=¿ u + v . XVI ( ctgv)=−csc 2 v .
dx dx dx dx dx

d n dv d dv
VI ( v )=n v n−1 . XVII ( secv )=¿ secv. tgv .
dx dx dx dx

d n d dv
VIa ( x )=¿n x n−1 . XVIII ( cscv )=−cscv . ctgv .
dx dx dx

du dv
d u v −u d dv
VII ( )=¿ dx dx . XIX vers v =sen v
dx v 2 dx dx
v

du dv
VIIa d ( u )= dx . XX d ( arc senv )= dx
.
dx c c dx √ 1−v2
dv
dy dy dv −
VIII = . , siendo y funcion de v. XXI d ( arc cosv)= d x
dx dv dx dx √1−v 2
1 dv
IX dy = dx , siendo y funcion de x. XXII d ( arc tgv)= dx
dx dy dx 1+ v 2

dv dv
−
X d (lnv)= dx = 1 dv . (lnv=log e v ) XXIII d ( arc ctgv)= dx
dx v v dx dx 1+v 2
 dv
d log e dv
Xa (logv)= . XXIV dv ( arc sec v )= dx
dx v dx
dx v √ v −1
2

dv
d v v dv −
XI ( a )=a ln a . XXV d ( arc cscv)= dx
dx dx
dx 2
v √ v −1

dv
d v v dv
XIa ( e )=e XXVI d ( arc vers v )= dx
dx dx
dx √2 v−v 2

Integrales

dv 1 v−a
1 ∫ (du+ dv−dw)=∫ du+∫ dv−∫ dw 19 ∫ = ln + c( v 2> a2)
2
v −a
2
2a v +a

dv 1 a+ v
2 ∫ adv=a ∫ dv 19a ∫ = ln + c ( v 2< a2)
a −v22
2a a−v

dv v
3 ∫ dx=x+ c 20∫ =arcsen + c
2
√ a −v a
2

v n +1 dv
4 ∫ v n dv= +c 21∫ 2 2
=ln ( v+ √ v 2 ± a2 )+ c
n+1 √v ±a

dv v 2 2 a2 v
5∫ =ln v+ c 22∫ √ a 2−v 2 dv= √ a −v arcsen + c
v 2 2 a

av v 2 2 a2
6 ∫ av dv= +c 23 ∫ √ v 2 ± a2 dv= √ v ± a ± 2 ln (v + √ v2 ± a2)
ln a 2

v v
7 ∫ e dv=e + c

8∫ sen v dv=−cosv+c

9 ∫ cosv dv=senv +c

2
10 ∫ sec v dv=tgv+ c

2
11 ∫ csc v dv =−ctgv+ c
12 ∫ secv tgv dv=secv+c

13 ∫ cscv ctgv dv=−cscv+c

14 ∫ tg v dv=−ln cosv +c=ln secv+ c

15 ∫ ctgv dv=ln senv+c

16 ∫ sec v dv=ln(secv+ tgv)+ c

17∫ csc v dv=¿ ln(cscv−ctgv)+ c ¿

dv 1 v
18 ∫ = arctg +c
v +a a a
2 2