SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL 10: 217231, 1999
The Neotropical Ornithological Society
PESOS Y DISTRIBUCIN DE AVES DEL SOTOBOSQUE DEL
PARQUE NACIONAL HENRI PITTIER AL NORTE DE VENEZUELA
Carlos Verea, Alecio Solorzano & Alberto Fernndez Badillo
Universidad Central de Venezuela, Facultad de Agronoma, Instituto de Zoologa Agrcola
Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela.
Palabras claves: pesos, distribucin, aves, Centro Montaoso Venezolano, Parque Nacional Henri Pittier, Venezuela.
Aunque Venezuela posee una de las avifaunas
ms diversas del Neotrpico, cuenta con
pocos registros de sus pesos. Slo Peris
(1990) seala a Sanft (1970, 1973) como uno
de los pioneros en suministrar tal informacin para las especies venezolanas. De la
misma manera, la informacin sobre los
pesos de especies de aves neotropicales pareciera ser bastante escasa. Solo se encuentran
unas aisladas referencias al respecto (Karr et
al. 1978, Oniki 1980, Peris 1990, Dunning
1993, Cavalcanti & Marini 1993, Marini et al.
1997).
El Parque Nacional Henri Pittier en el
norte de Venezuela es hogar de 616 especies
de aves (20% del total Suramericano), mostrando una de las ms altas diversidades
encontradas a nivel mundial con 6.5 especies
por cada 100 km2 (Slud 1976) y conformando
la parte central del Centro Montaoso Venezolano como uno de los centros de endemismo claves para la avifauna del continente
(Cracraft 1985). Adems, estudios palinolgicos recientes hacen suponer que algunos de
estos ambientes sirvieron de refugio durante
el Pleistoceno para muchas especies animales
(Fernndez-Badillo 1997).
El presente trabajo muestra los pesos de
2463 individuos pertenecientes a 177 especies
(168 residentes y 9 migratorias) capturados
con redes de neblina dentro del sotobosque
de varias formaciones vegetales que se desarrollan en el Parque Nacional Henri Pittier a
lo largo de un gradiente desde los 10 m hasta
los 1500 m de altura. De estas formaciones
vegetales, el cardonal-espinar (CE) a 10 m, el
bosque seco deciduo (BSD) a 100 m, el bosque deciduo (BDN) a 350 m, el bosque semideciduo (BSM) a 750 m, el bosque nublado
(BN) a 1100 m y el bosque nublado perenne
(BNP) a 1500 m pertenecen a la vertiente
norte de la montaa que colinda con el Mar
Caribe. Cada uno de estos ambientes fue
muestreado un da de cada mes, a lo largo de
un ao, entre 1993 y 1998. Por su parte, los
bosques deciduos (BDs) a 450 m y los bosques ribereos (BRs) a 450 m fueron los nicos ambientes estudiados de la vertiente sur.
Estos fueron muestreados una maana de
cada semana, a lo largo de un ao, entre 1992
y 1993. Durante los muestreos ningn individuo fue colectado.
Los pesos fueron tomados con la ayuda
de dinammetros AVINET, con calibraciones
de 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 y 5.0 g. Los resultados aparecen en la Tabla 1. Para muestras con un
217
GENERAL BIOLOGY
TABLA 1. Pesos de las aves del Parque Nacional Henri Pittier, Venezuela. Para explicaciones
de la Tabla, ver el texto. El asterisco (*) indica que la especie es endmica del Centro Montaoso Venezolano segn Cracraft (1985). La M indica que la especie es migratoria.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Adelomyia melanogenys aeneosticta*
2.6, 2.8 (2), 3.0 (3), 3.6 (2) [BN]
3.4 0.2; 3.0-3.8 (18) [BNP]
Aglaiocercus kingi margarethae*
Amazilia fimbriata elegantissima
6.0, 5.2 (3), 5.0 (2), 4.0 [BN] 5.2, 5.0 (2), 5.2 [BNP]
4.6 (2), 4.4, 4.2 [BN] 4.6, 4.0 (2), 4.4 [BNP]
5.0 [BDs] 5.0 [BRs]
5.0 (4) [CE] 5.0 (2) [BSD] 6.0 (2), 4.0, 5.0 [BDs]
6.0 [BRs]
Amazilia saucerrottei
Amazilia tobaci feliciae
4.0 (3) [BRs]
4.0 [BSD] 3.5 (2) [BDN] 4.0 [BSM] 4.0 [BDs]
3.0, 4.0 (2) [BRs]
Anabacerthia striaticollis venezuelana*
19.0 [BSM] 20.8, 19.1, 23.0 [BN]
20.9, 20.2, 24.0, 24.5 [BNP]
Anisognathus flavinucha venezuelanus
36.5, 37.5, 40.5 [BNP]
Anthracothorax nigricollis nigricollis
6.0 [BDs]
Arremon schlegeli schlegeli
30.0, 27.0, 26.0 [BDs] 28.0 [BRs]
31.0, 32.0 [BDs] 23.0 [BRs]
28.0, 27.0 [BDs] 25.0 [BRs]
27.0, 28.0 (4), 24.0 [CE] 28.0, 26.0 (2), 34.0 [BSD]
Arremonops conirostris conirostris
29.41.9; 26.0-32.0 (18) [BDs] 32.0, 34.0, 29.0 [BRs]
Atalotriccus pilaris venezuelensis
8.3 1.3; 6.0-10.0 (10) [CE] 6.0 (2), 5.0 [BSD]
Atlapetes brunneinucha frontalis
43.0 [BN] 40.0, 45.0, 41.6 [BNP]
Aulacorhynchus sulcatus sulcatus *
175.0, 154.0, 160.0 (2) [BN] 157.5, 169.0, 165.0 [BNP]
Basileuterus culicivorus cabanisi
10.0 [CE] 8.4, 8.5 [BDN] 9.0 (2), 8.0 (2) [BRs]
Basileuterus flaveolus
14.0, 12.0, 12.6, 11.5, 15.0, 14.5, 12.2, 12.5 [BDN]
10.0, 6.0 (2), 5.0, 7.0, 8.0 [BDs]
12.2 [BN] 12.0 (2), 13.0, 14.0 [BDs] 14.0 [BSD]
12.0 (2), 9.0, 13.0, 15.0 (2), 16.0, 14.0 [BRs]
Basileuterus tristriatus bessereri*
11.4 0.6; 10.4-12.8 (15) [BNP] 11.4 [BN]
Buteo magnirostris insidiatrix
274,0 [BSD]
Camptostoma obsoletum venezuelae
10.0 (2), 9.0, 8.0 (2) [CE] 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 (2) [BSD]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
218
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.0 [BDs]
Campylopterus falcatus
6.2, 8.2 [BDN]
MS
6.9 [BNP]
6.6 [BN] 7.0 [BRs]
Campylorhamphus trochilirostris venezuelensis I
36.0, 33.0, 34.0, 40.0 [BSD] 36.0 [BRs]
39.0 (2), 38.0 [BN] 36.5 [BNP] 39.0, 38.0 [BDs]
Carduelis psaltria columbiana
8.0, 10.0 [BDs] 9.0 [BRs]
MS
10.0 [BRs]
8.0 [BDs]
Catharus aurantiirostris aurantiirostris (M) I
23.0, 25.0 [BRs]
Catharus fuscescens fuscescens (M)
29.0, 32.5 [BDN] 25.0 [BSM]
Catharus minimus minimus (M)
29.0, 27.5 [BDN] 27.0 [BRs]
Chalybura buffonii aeneicauda
6.0 [CE] 8.0 [BSD] 6.3 0.7; 5.0-7.0 (12) [BDN]
7.1 0.7; 6.0-8.0 (19) [BRs]
5.0 [CE] 6.0 [BSD] 6.4 0.6; 4.9-7.0 (11) [BDN]
5.8, 5.4, 5.2 [BSM] 5.4 [BN]
6.5 0.9; 5.0-8.0 (24) [BRs]
Chiroxiphia lanceolata
Chlorestes notatus notatus
6.0 [BSD] 6.2, 6.4 [BDN]
20.0, 16.0, 17.0, 15.0, 14.0 [BSD]
MS
20.0 [BSD]
19.0, 16.0, 18.0 [BSD]
14.0 [BDN]
3.0, 3.8, 3.4 [BDN]
4.0 [CE] 3.7, 3.4 [BDN]
3.0, 2.0 [BDN]
Chlorospingus ophthalmicus jacqueti
16.8 1.2; 15.1-18.5 (10) [BNP] 15.0 [BN]
Chlorostilbon mellisugus caribaeus
3.0 (2), 4.0 [BSD] 3.0 [BDs]
3.0 (3), 2.0 (3) [BDs] 4.0 [BRs]
5.0 [BN]
5.0, 4.0, 4.7, 4.2, 4.6 [BDN] 4.2 [BSM] 5.4, 4.0 [BN]
5.0 [BDN]
53.0 [CE]
Chrysuronia oenone oenone
Claravis pretiosa
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
219
GENERAL BIOLOGY
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cnemotriccus fuscatus cabanisi
10.0, 14.0 (3), 12.0, 13.0 [CE]
11.7 1.4; 10.0-14.0 (18) [BSD]
12.0 2.1; 10.0-16.0 (14) [BDs] 11.0 [BRs]
IJ
12.0 (3) [BDs]
Coccyzus melacoryphus
52.0 [BDs]
Coeligena coeligena coeligena *
6.8, 7.0, 7.8, 7.4, 7.2, 6.4 [BN] 7.0, 7.4, 6.6, 7.1 [BNP]
Coereba flaveola luteola
9.1 1.2; 6.0-10.0 (17) [CE] 8.0 (3), 10.0 (2), 9.0 [BSD]
9.8 1.0; 8.0-12.0 (20) [BDs] 8.0 (2), 7.0, 10.0 [BRs]
Columbina passerina albivitta
IJ
10.0 (3), 9.0 (2), 7.0 (2) [BDs]
8.0 [BDs]
30.0 [CE] 33.8 3.0; 30.0-40.0 (19) [BSD]
33.7 3.4; 26.0-38.0 (13) [BDs]
MS
31.0 [BDs]
34.0, 32.0 (2), 36.0, 37.0, 35.0, 30.0 [BSD]
34.1 2.4; 30.0-38.0 (10) [BDs]
Columbina talpacoti rufipennis
IJ
30.0, 32.0 (2), 28.0 [BSD] 27.0, 30.0 [BDs]
43.2 5.0; 40.0-54.0 (10) [BSD]
45.9 3.4; 38.0-51.0 (14) [BDs] 48.0 [BRs]
MS
52.0, 40.0 [BDs]
46.0, 40.0 (2), 45.0, 42.0 [BSD]
41.3 2.7; 36.0-43.0 (10) [BDs] 40.0 (2) [BRs]
Contopus cinereus bogotensis
10.0, 14.0, 12.0 [CE] 10.0, 12.0 (2), 9.0, 8.0 (3) [BDs]
Coryphospingus pileatus brevicaudus
15.2 1.7; 13.0-17.0 (11) [BSD]
15.1 1.7; 12.0-18.0 (18) [BDs] 14.0, 15.0 [BRs]
MS
14.0 [CE] 16.0, 15.0 (2) [BDs]
16.0 (2) [CE] 19.0, 20.0, 17.0, 16.0 (3), 18.0 [BSD]
14.0 (4), 12.0 [BSD]
15.6 0.9; 14.0-17.0 (15) [BDs]
18.0, 17.0, 14.0, 16.0 (2), 13.0 [BDs]
Cyanocompsa cyanea minor
21.0, 22.0 [BSD] 20.9 2.1; 18.0-25.0 (15) [BDs]
24.0, 20.0 [BRs]
MS
19.0 (2), 24.0, 18.0 [BDs] 24.0, 20.0 [BRs]
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220
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cyanocompsa cyanoides cyanoides
Cyclarhis gujanensis parvus
22.0 [BSD] 20.0 (2), 22.0 [BDs] 27.0 [BRs]
17.0, 18.0 [BDs] 17.0, 21.0 [BRs]
25.0, 25.5 [BDN] 28.5 [BSM] 23.5 [BN] 25.0 [BRs]
MS
23.0 [BDN] 28.0 [BSM]
29.0 [BSM]
25.0 (3), 26.5 [BDN]
26.0 [CE] 22.0 [BSD] 30.0, 22.0, 25.0, 23.0, 26.0 [BDs]
23.0 [BRs]
Dendrocincla fuliginosa meruloides
40.0 [BSD] 35.8 4.4; 28.0-44.0 (20) [BDN]
36.2 3.1; 29.0-40.5 (16) [BSM]
37.6 4.1; 32.0-42.5 (17) [BN]
37.3 2.3; 34.0-41.0 (10) [BNP]
36.8 3.1; 32.0-42.0 (10) [BRs]
Dendrocolaptes picumnus seilerni
IJ
31.5, 36.0 [BN]
37.0 [BN]
146.0 [BDN] 132.0 [BSM] 87.0 [BNP]
120.0, 162.0 [BRs]
Dysithamnus mentalis cumbreanus
14.0 [BSD] 15.0, 13.0, 13.2 [BDN]
MS
14.0, 14.8 [BDN] 14.0, 12.4 [BSM]
12.0 [CE] 14.0 [BSD] 12.5, 13.0, 13.3 [BDN]
14.0, 15.0, 14.8, 14.2, 13.2 [BSM]
13.6, 14.0 [BSM]
I
13.0, 14.0 [BSM]
Elaenia flavogaster flavogaster
22.0, 24.0, 20.0, 23.0 [CE] 22.0 (2), 24.0 (2), 20.0 [BDs]
Elaenia parvirostris (M)
14.0 [CE] 12.0 (2), 16.0 [BDs]
Eucometis penicillata affinis*
26.0, 30.0 [BSD] 28.0 3.2; 22.0-32.5 (13) [BDN]
27.8 1.7; 27.0-31.5 (14) [BSM]
29.5, 31.0, 28.0 (3), 30.0 (2), 27.0, 29.0 [BN]
Euphonia xanthogaster exsul
IJ
12.5 [BDN]
13.5 [BDN] 14.8 (2) [BSM] 13.0, 14.0, 17.2 [BN]
14.6 [BSM] 14.0 (3), 13.0, 16.5 [BN]
13.9, 14.8 [BNP]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
221
GENERAL BIOLOGY
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14.5, 18.0, 12.0, 13.0 [BNP]
Formicarius analis saturatus
12.8 [BSM] 13.2 [BN]
61.0, 60.0 (2), 56.0(2), 50.0 [BSM]
61.1 2.8; 56.0-65.0 (11) [BN]
Formicivora grisea intermedia
9.0 (2), 11.0 (2), 12.0, 10.0 (2) [CE] 8.0, 10.0 (6) [BSD]
9.9 0.5; 9.0-11.0 (12) [BDs]
9.8 0.7; 8.0-11.0 (13) [CE] 9.0, 10.0 (3), 8.0 (3) [BSD]
9.8 1.2; 8.0-12.0 (12) [BDs]
Forpus passerinus viridissimus
Galbula ruficauda ruficauda
28.0 [CE] 24.0 [BSD] 24.0 [BDs]
30.0 [CE] 20.0, 22.0 [BSD] 26.0 [BDs]
23.0 (3), 22.0 (2), 20.0 [BSD] 25.0, 22.5 [BDN]
23.0 [BRs]
23.0, 24.0, 25.0 [CE] 18.0, 22.0 [BDs]
Geotrygon linearis linearis
327.0 [BNP]
Geotrygon violacea
90.0 [BDN]
IS
95.0 [BSM]
7.0, 8.0, 6.0 [CE] 6.5 0.9; 5.0-8.0 (16) [BSD]
Glaucis hirsuta hirsuta
6.5 0.8; 5.5-8.2 (17) [BDN]
6.8, 7.0 (2), 7.4, 6.4, 6.2, 7.1 [BSM] 6.0 [BDs]
6.1 0.8; 4.0-8.0 (19) [BRs]
Grallaricula loricata*
20.8 2.1; 18.4-23.0 (10) [BNP]
Heliodoxa leadbeateri leadbeateri *
7.0, 7.2, 6.5 [BDN] 7.2 (4), 8.0, 7.8 [BSM]
6.4 [BDN] 6.2 [BSM] 7.8 2.7; 6.0-8.0 (14) [BN]
7.3 0.5; 6.8-7.4 (10) [BN] 7.4, 7.2 (2) [BNP]
6.8, 7.8, 7.5, 7.0 (2) [BNP]
I
7.8, 6.8 [BN]
Hemispingus frontalis hanieli*
19.0 (2) [BNP]
Henicorhina leucophrys venezuelensis*
16.9 1.1; 15.2-19.4 (13) [BN]
18.5, 16.5, 15.0, 20.2, 16.8 [BNP]
Hylocharis cyanus viridiventris
3.5 [BDN]
Hylophilus aurantiifrons saturatus
10.0 [CE] 9.0 (2) [BSD] 10.0 [BDs]
Hylophilus flavipes acuticauda
9.5 1.4; 8.0 11.0 (13) [CE]
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222
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
12.0, 11.0 (2), 10.0 (2), 9.0 [BSD]
11.0 (3), 0.0 (2), 12.0, 8.0 [BDs] 12.0 [BRs]
Hypnelus ruficollis bicinctus
44.0, 35.0, 42.0 [BSD] 55.0, 50.0, 47.0 [BDs]
Icterus nigrogularis nigrogularis
44.0, 45.0 [BDs]
Idioptilon margaritaceiventer impiger
9.0, 5.0 [BDs]
Klais guimeti guimeti
4.0 [BSD] 2.4 [BSM]
Lepidocolaptes souleyetti littoralis
18.0, 23.0 (2), 26.0, 21.0 [BSD] 24.0 [BDN]
24.0, 26.0 (2), 22.0 [BDs] 23.0, 20.0 [BRs]
IJ
26.0, 22.0 [BDs]
Leptopogon superciliaris venezuelensis
11.0, 12.0, 14.8, 10.4 [BDN] 10.0 [BRs]
Leptotila verreauxi verreauxi
142.0, 132.0, 147.0 (2), 160.0 [CE]
130.0, 132.0, 144.0, 160.0, 158.0, 147.0,150.0, 120.0,
152.0 [BSD] 135.0 [BDN]
142,7 11,6; 116,0-154,0 (10) [BDs] 164.0 [BRs]
Leucippus fallax fallax
6.0 [CE]
Malacoptila mystacalis mystacalis
47.0 (2) [BDN] 50.0 (2) [BSM]
Melanerpes rubricapillus rubricapillus
45.0, 44.0 [CE] 50.0, 52.0 [BDs]
38.0 [CE]
Megarhynchus pitangua pitangua
59.0 [BSD]
Micrastur ruficollis zonothorax
195.0 [BDN]
Mionectes olivaceus venezuelensis
14.0, 13.8, 11.8 [BDN] 14,2 0,9; 12,6-15,5 (12) [BSM]
14.4 0.8; 12.8-15.6 (25) [BN]
14.2 0.7; 13.0-15.4 (11) [BNP]
14.0, 12.6, 13.2 [BDN] 11.4, 11.0, 13,2 [BSM]
16.6, 15.8, 12.6, 12.0 (2), 11.2, 11.6 [BN]
11.8, 14.0 (2), 13.2, 12.4, 12.1 [BNP]
12.8 [BDN] 12.6, 12.2 [BSM] 13.4, 13.0 [BN]
12.0 (3), 12.3, 11.1, 12.2, 12.1, 12.4, 13.0 [BNP]
14.0 [BRs]
Molothrus bonariensis venezuelensis
Myadestes ralloides venezuelensis
47.0 [BDs]
21.0 [BRs]
26.0, 27.5, 27.0, 29.0, 20.5 [BNP]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
223
GENERAL BIOLOGY
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Myiarchus tyrannulus tyrannulus
30.0, 29.0 [CE] 28.1 2.2; 26.0-33.0 (11) [BSD]
30.0, 28.0 (2), 32.0, 24.0, 26.0 (2), 27.0, 35.0 [BDs]
25.0 [BRs]
Myiarchus venezuelensis venezuelensis
27.0, 26.0, 28.0 [BSD] 28.0 [BDN]
Myioborus miniatus pallidiventris
9.2, 12.6 [BN] 9.2, 10.0, 7.9, 8.6, 8.6, 7.9 [BNP]
Myiodynastes maculatus difficilis
44.0 [BSD] 46.0 [BSM]
Myiopagis gaimardii bogotensis
11.6 [BDN]
Myiopagis viridicata restricta (M)
12.0 (2), 13.0, 14.0 [BSD] 12.0, 11.0 [BDs]
12.0, 14.0 (2), 13.0 [BRs]
Myiophobus fasciatus fasciatus
10.0 [CE] 11.0, 10.0 [BSD]
Myiophobus flavicans venezuelanus
12.8, 12.0 [BNP]
11.5, 11.7 [BNP]
Myiozetetes cayanensis rufipennis
24.0, 20.0 [BDs]
Myiozetetes similis columbianus
23.0 (2), 22.0, 25.0, 21.0 [BSD] 21.0 [BRs]
Myrmotherula schisticolor sanctaemartae
9.0, 8.0 [BSM] 8.8, 8.0, 9.2, 9.4 [BN]
MS
9.8 [BSM] 8.4 [BN]
12.0 [BDN] 9.2, 8.6 [BSM] 8.3, 9.0, 9.8 [BN]
10.1 2.1; 8.0-14.0 (11) [BDs]
8.1, 8.5, 8.8 [BDN] 8.6 [BN]
Notharchus macrorhynchus hyperrhynchus
72.5 [BDN]
Notiochelidon cyanoleuca cyanoleuca
10.0 (2) [BDs]
Nyctidromus albicollis albicollis
60.0 (2) [BRs]
Ocreatus underwoodii polystictus*
2.7 [BSM]
3.0 [BNP]
Oryzoborus angolensis torridus
MS
12.5 [BDN]
Pachyramphus cinnamomeus
17.0 [BSD]
Pachyramphus polychopterus tristis
18.0 [CE]
Phacellodomus rufrifrons inornatus
26.3 2.3; 24.0-31.0 (21) [BDs] 29.0 [BRs]
Phaethornis anthophilus anthophilus
5.0 (2), 6.0 (3) [CE] 5.9 0.9; 4.0-8.0 (14) [BSD]
5.2, 5.4, 4.4 (2), 4.8, 5.4 [BDN]
Phaethornis augusti augusti
6.0, 7.0, 5.0 [CE] 4.0, 6.0 [BDs]
6.0 0.8; 4.0-6.0 (10) [BRs]
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224
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Phaethornis longuemareus ignobilis
2.0 [CE] 3.0 [BSD] 2.0, 2.1, 2.4 [BDN] 4.0 (2) [BRs]
Phaeomyias murina incompta
10.2 0.8; 8.0-11.0 (12) [CE] 10.0 (3), 9.0 [BSD]
Pharomachrus fulgidus fulgidus
160.0 [BNP]
Piaya cayana mehleri
96.0 [CE]
Picumnus squamulatus rohli
11.0, 10.0 [BSD]
Pipra erythrocephala erythrocephala
15.0 [BSD] 14.0, 13.6 [BDN] 15.0 [BRs]
MS
13.0 (2), 13.8, 13.4, 12.8 [BDN] 15.0, 17.0 [BRs]
14.0, 13.3, 15.0, 15.8, 14.4, 13.4 [BDN] 17.2 [BSM]
9.0, 8.0, 10.0 (6) [BDs]
17.0, 16.0 [BRs]
I
13.7 0.9; 12.0-15.4 (27) [BDN] 15.0 [BSM]
13.0, 18.0, 16.0, 15.0 (3) [BRs]
Pipra filicauda
14.0 (2), 16.0 (2), 15.0 (2), 15.2, 15.1, 14.6 [BDN]
15.0[BSM]
MS
15.0, 14.0 (2), 16.0 (2), 16.3, 15.6, 15.2 [BDN]
15.6 [BSM]
14.5 [BDN] 19.0 [BSM]
15.5 0.8; 14.7-16.8 (10) [BDN]
46.0, 41.0, 41.0, 46.5, 47.0 [BN] 41.0, 39.0 [BNP]
49.0, 46.0 [BN] 43.0, 42.9 [BNP]
Pitangus sulphuratus rufipennis
58.0 [CE] 60.0, 66.0 [BSD] 58.0 (2), 62.0 [BDs]
Platycichla flavipes venezuelensis
MS
45.0 [BDN]
52.0 [BRs]
Platycichla leucops
69.0 [BSM] 74.0, 70.0 [BN]
Platyrinchus mystaceus insularis
9.0, 10.0, 9.8, 7.8, 8.0 [BDN] 8.4, 9.8, 9.2 (2) [BSM]
Polioptila plumbea plumbiceps
6.0 (2), 7.0 (3), 8.0, 6.0 [CE]
14.2, 16.0, 16.6 [BSM]
Pipreola formosa formosa *
60.0 [BRs]
7.0 0.8; 6.0-8.0 (10) [BSD]
H
7.0 (2), 6.0 (3), 10.0, 8.0 [CE] 8.0 (2), 7.0 (2), 6.0 [BSD]
6.0 (2) [BDs]
10.0 [BSD] 8.0 [BDs]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
225
GENERAL BIOLOGY
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Premnoplex brunnescens rostratus*
27.0 [BSM] 16.2 [BNP]
Progne chalybea chalybea (M)
40.0 [CE]
36.0 [CE]
Psarocolius angustifrons oleagineus*
165.0 (2), 150,0 [BSM]
Ramphocelus carbo venezuelensis
26.0 [BDN] 23.0, 26.0 (2), 25.0, 28.0 [BRs]
MS
24.0 [BRs]
22.0 [BDN] 25.0, 22.0 (2) [BRs]
22.0, 24.0, 20.0, 23.0 [BRs]
Ramphocaenus melanurus trinitatus
8.0 [BSD]
Rhamphotrigon megacephala
9.0, 10.0 [BRs]
Rhynchocyclus olivaceus flavus
24.5 [BDN] 14.0 [BRs]
Rhodinocichla rosea rosea *
38.0, 36.0 [BSD]
Sakesphorus melanonotus
26.0, 23.0 [BSD] 26.5 [BDN]
26.0 (2) [BSD]
Saltator albicollis perstriatus
38.0 (3), 33.0, 44.0, 30.0, 32.0, 37.0 [CE]
34.1 2.7; 32.0-40.0 (12) [BSD]
35.5 3.1; 30.0-42.0 (22) [BDs] 40.0, 36.0, 38.0 [BRs]
Saltator coerulescens brewsteri
44.0 [CE] 48.0 (2), 54.0, 45.0 (2) [BDs]
Saltator maximus
37.0, 49.0, 34.0 [BDN]
Scardafella squammata ridgwayi
50.1 5.0; 44.0-62.0 (15) [BDs]
Schiffornis turdinus stenorhynchus
34.0, 32.5, 30.0 [BDN]
Schistes geoffroyi geoffroyi
3.6 [BSM] 3.8, 4.1 [BN]
Sclerurus albigularis albigularis
32.0, 34.5, 35.0, 34.5 [BDN] 26.0, 37.0 [BSM]
56.0, 47.0, 50.0 [BRs]
maximus
36.0, 37.0, 39.5, 33.0, 37.5 [BN] 37.0, 34.0 [BNP]
Seiurus aurocapillus aurocapillus (M)
20.0 [BSD]
Seiurus noveboracensis noveboracensis (M)
15.0, 16.0 [BSD] 17.4, 18.0 [BSM]
18.8 2.3; 16.0-22.0 (10) [BRs]
Setophaga ruticilla ruticilla (M)
Sicalis flaveola flaveola
10.0, 8.0, 9.0 [BRs]
8.0, 7.0 [BSD] 8.0 [BRs]
MS
18.0, 19.0 [BDs]
18.0 [BDs]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
226
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sittasomus griseicapillus griseus
13.0 [BSD] 14.0 (2), 12.0, 13.0, 14.6, 16.0 [BDN]
13.4, 10.6, 12.4 [BSM] 12.0 (2), 11.0, 14.0 [BN]
15.1, 13.5 [BNP] 14.0, 9.0, 13.0, 11.0 [BRs]
Sporophila intermedia intermedia
11.0 (2) [BSD] 10.0 (3), 12.0 (2), 11.0 (2) [BDs]
10.0 [BRs]
MS
Sporophila lineola lineola
14.0 [BSD] 10.0 (2), 11.0, 12.0, 14.0 [BDs]
11.0 [BSD] 8.0, 10.0, 12.0 (4) [BDs] 12.0 [BRs]
9.0, 8.0, 10.0 [BSD] 12.0, 10.0 (6), 11.0 [BDs]
MS
10.0 (2), 8.0, 9.0 [BDs]
9.3 1.0; 8.0-11.0 (11) [BSD]
8.0, 9.0 [BSD] 8.0 (2) [BDs]
MS
8.0 (2) [BDs]
8.0, 7.0 [BDs]
8.0 (3), 12.0, 9.0 (3), 10.0 [BDs]
Sporophila minuta minuta
Sporophila nigricollis nigricollis
7.0, 8.0 [BSD] 9.2 1.7; 7.0-12.0 (11) [BDs]
10.0 [BDs]
MS
10.0 [BDs]
8.0 (3), 10.0 (3), 7.0 [BDs]
IJ
6.0 [BDs]
Stelgidopteryx ruficollis aequalis
15.0, 12.0 [BSD] 14.0 [BSM] 14.0 [BRs]
Sternoclyta cyanopectus
8.5 0.6; 7.3-9.6 (13) [BSM] 8.8 (3), 8.2, 8.6, 7.2 [BN]
8.5, 8.6, 8.2, 9.5, 8.8, 9.2 [BNP] 8.0 [BRs]
8.2, 6.8, 7.6 [BDN] 7.9 0.9; 6.3-9.2 (17) [BSM]
8.0 1.1; 6.2-10.0 (43) [BN]
8.0 1.2; 6.6-10.0 (22) [BNP] 6.0 [BRs]
Sublegatus modestus glaber
11.0, 13.0 [CE] 11.0, 14.0 (2), 15.0, 12.0 (2) [BSD]
Synallaxis albescens occipitalis
12.0 (3) [BDs]
Syndactyla guttulata guttulata *
37.0 (2), 36.0 (2), 35.0, 37.5, 33.5 [BN]
35.3, 34.0, 36.3, 36.6, 37.5 [BNP]
Tangara arthus arthus
20.5, 18.8 [BN] 17.0, 17.5, 20.5 [BNP]
Tangara cayana cayana
16.0 [BRs]
Tangara gyrola toddi
18.0 [BRs]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
227
GENERAL BIOLOGY
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tangara rufigenis*
16.0, 17.0 [BN]
Tachyphonus rufus
32.0, 30.0 (2), 28.0, 36.0 [CE] 34.0 [BSD] 34.0 [BDN]
33.0, 28.0, 30.0, 34.0 [CE] 31.0 [BDN] 30.0 [BDs]
30.0, 28.0 [BDs] 30.0 [BRs]
30.0 (2), 32.0, 34.0 [BRs]
IJ
30.0 [CE]
21.0 (2), 20.4, 19.0, 21.8 [BN] 18.0, 20.5, 21.5 [BNP]
18.4, 21.0, 23.0 [BN] 18.2, 22.5 [BNP]
27.0, 23.0 (2), 24.0 [BDs]
MS
26.0, 24.0 [BDs]
23.0 [CE] 25.0 (3), 26.0, 28.0 (2) [BDs]
26.0 [BDs]
Thraupis episcopus cana
37.0, 33.0, 36.0, 38.0 [BRs]
Thraupis glaucocolpa
31.6 2.5; 27.0-36.0 (13) [CE] 32.0, 37.0, 30.0 [BDs]
Thryothorus leucotis venezuelanus
13.4 [BDN] 18.0, 23.0, 26.0, 21.0 (3) [BRs]
Thryothorus rufalbus cumanensis
24.0, 22.0 [BSD] 23.0, 20.0 (2), 24.2 [BDN] 19.0 [BDs]
Thamnomanes plumbeus tucuyensis
Thamnophilus doliatus fraterculus
22.7 1.3; 20.0-24.0 (10) [BRs]
Thryothorus genibarbis ruficaudatus
32.5 [BNP]
Thryothorus rutilus rutilus
16.0 [BDs] 15.0, 16.0 [BRs]
Tiaris bicolor omissa
10.0 (2), 11.0 [CE] 10.0, 12.0 [BSD] 12.0 [BDN]
10.7 1.6; 8.0-14.0 (11) [BDs] 12.0 (2) [BRs]
10.3 1.6; 6.0-12.0 (12) [CE] 10.0 (3), 11.0 (2) [BSD]
MS
10.0 (2), 12.0 [CE]
11.0 (2), 10.0 [CE] 11.0 (4), 12.0 (2), 10.0 (3) [BSD]
Tiaris fuliginosa fumosa
13.2 [BDN]
Tityra cayana cayana
80.0 [BN]
Todirostrum cinereum cinereum
6.0 (4), 7.0, 8.0 (2) [BDs]
Todirostrum sylvia griseolum
10.0 [CE] 7.0 [BSD] 7.0 (2), 8.0 [BDs]
6.0, 8.0, 7.0 [BRs]
Tolmomyias flaviventris aurulentus
Tolmomyias sulphurescens exortivus
12.0 [CE] 10.0, 12.0 [BSD]
11.6 1.0; 10.0-13.0 (14) [BDs] 13.0 [BRs]
14.5 [BDN] 15.0, 16.0 [BRs]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
228
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Troglodytes aedon albicans
12.0 (2), 13.0 [CE] 15.0, 10.0, 12.0 [BSD]
11.8 1.4; 10.0-15.0 (11) [BDs]
Trogon collaris exoptatus
67.0 [CE] 50.0 [BDN] 65.0 [BN]
Turdus albicollis minusculus
49.1 3.4; 43.5-55.5 (12) [BDN]
49.6 4.5; 39.0-52.0 (10) [BSM]
50.9 4.7; 41.0-58.0 (10) [BN]
Turdus fumigatus aquilonalis
56.0, 60.0, 61.0, 62.0, 52.0 [BDN] 60.0 [BSM]
Turdus leucomelas albiventer
78.0, 61.0 [BRs]
88.0, 66.0 [BRs]
60.0, 63.0, 61.0 [BSD] 55.0 [BN] 76.0 [BDs]
66.9 7.8; 54.0-82.0 (11) [BRs]
Turdus nudigenis nudigenis
68.0, 61.0, 65.0 [BDs] 69.0, 54.0, 64.0 (3), 62.0 (2) [BRs]
Turdus olivater olivater
85.0, 66.0, 70.2, 78.0, 70.0, 68.0, 73.0, 69.0 [BN]
84.0, 70.5 [BNP]
65.0 [BN] 87.5, 70.0 [BNP]
83.0 [BN]
IJ
69.0 [BNP]
Turdus serranus atrosericeus
98.0, 84.0 [BNP]
Tyrannus melancholicus chloronotus
38.0, 39.0 [BSD]
Veniliornis kirkii continentalis
30.0, 28.0 [CE] 26.0 [BSD]
30.0 (3), 29.0 (2), 26.0, 28.0 [BDs] 30.0 [BRs]
30.0 [CE]
Vireo olivaceus (M)
18.0 [CE] 14.0 (2) [BSD] 14.0 [BRs]
Volatinia jacarina splendens
10.0 (4), 9.0 (4), 11.0, 8.0 [BSD] 10.0, 8.0 (3) [BDs]
MS
10.0, 8.0 (4), 9.0 (2), 10.0 (2) [BDs]
10.0 [BSD]
10.0 (3), 8.0 [BSD] 9.2 1.0; 8.0-10.0 (10) [BDs]
Xenops minutus neglectus
10.6 (2), 11.0, 10.9, 10.2 [BDN] 11.2 [BSM] 10.0 [BRs]
Xiphorhynchus picus choica
34.0, 32.0, 36.0, 30.0, 38.0, 40.0, 35.0 [CE].
36.0 (2), 33.0 [BSD]
Xiphorhynchus guttatus nanus
40.0, 38.0 [CE]
38.0, 46.0, 44.5, 45.0, 41.0, 44.0, 36.0, 35.0 [BDN]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
229
GENERAL BIOLOGY
TABLA 1. Continuacin.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Especies
Edad-Sexo
Pesos (g)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
35.0, 43.5 [BSM] 50.0, 43.5, 39.5, 49.5 [BN]
45.0, 43.5 [BNP] 22.0, 40.0, 47.0 [BDs]
41.0, 46.0 (2), 40.0, 50.0, 43.0, 52.0[BRs]
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
tamao de 10 o ms registros, se proporcionan la media y la desviacin estndar, el rango
y, entre parentesis, el tamao de la muestra.
Para las muestras con un tamao inferior a 10,
se proporcionan los datos individuales. Si un
valor se repite, el nmero de repeticiones se
indica entre parntesis. Los datos de peso
corresponden a individuos adultos, excepto
en los casos indicados. Segn el caso, el sexo
se determin por el plumaje, la protuberancia
de la cloaca, el parche reproductor y la longitud del ala. La edad se determin principalmente por el plumaje y el pico. La abreviacin
utilizada para la edad y sexo fue: J, juvenil; S,
Sub-adulto; M, macho; H, hembra; I, indeterminado. La lista incluye las masas de 18 de las
52 especies o subespecies endmicas propuestas por Cracraft (1985) para el Centro Montaoso Venezolano. La nomenclatura cientfica
sigue la propuesta por Phelps & Meyer de
Schauensee (1994).
AGRADECIMIENTOS
Quisiramos expresar nuestro ms sincero
agradecimiento a Odn Jos Luis Ruiz, Joaqun Garca, Juan Garca, Karel Lemoine,
Victor Snchez, Maximiliano Mndez,
Domingo Sandia, Csar Salazar y a la familia
Gotto Alvarez; a las siguientes instituciones:
Estacin Biolgica Dr. Alberto Fernndez
Ypez de Rancho Grande, en especial al
Prof. J. Manzanilla por todo su apoyo
logstico; a la Sociedad Conservacionista
Audubon de Venezuela por su apoyo en el
230
suministro de los anillos; a la Coleccin Ornitolgica Phelps de Caracas, en especial al Sr.
Miguel Lentino, y al Museo del Instituto de
Zoologa Agrcola de la Facultad de Agronoma de la Universidad Central de Venezuela,
Maracay.
REFERENCIAS
Cavalcanti, R. B., & M. . Marini. 1993. Body
masses of birds of the cerrado region, Brazil.
Bull. Br. Ornithol. Club 113: 209212.
Cracraft, J. 1985. Historical biogeography and patterns of differentiation within the South American avifauna: areas of endemism. Ornithol.
Monogr. 36: 4984.
Dunning, J. B., Jr. 1993. CRC handbook of avian
body masses. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Fernndez-Badillo, A. 1997. El Parque Nacional
Henri Pittier. Caracterizacin fsico-ambiental.
Trabajo de Ascenso de la Facultad de
Agronoma. Univ. Central de Venezuela.
Karr, J. R., M. F. Wilson, & D. J. Moriarty. 1978.
Weights of some Central American birds. Brenesia 1415: 249257.
Marini, M. ., J. C. Motta-Junior, L. A. S. Vasconcellos, & R. Cavalcanti. 1997. Avian body
masses from the cerrado region of central Brazil. Ornitol. Neotrop. 8: 9399.
Oniki, Y. 1980. Weights and cloacal temperatures
of some birds of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Rev.
Bras. Biol. 40: 14.
Peris, S. J., 1990. Peso y biometra de algunas aves
del Chaco hmedo (Presidente Hayes, Paraguay). Ornitol. Neotrop. 1: 3132.
Phelps, W. H., Jr., & R. Meyer de Schauensee. 1994.
Una gua de las aves de Venezuela. Editorial Ex
SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
Libris, Caracas.
Sanft, K. 1970. Gewichte sdamerikanischer
Vgel. Nonpasseres. Beitr. Vogelkd. 16: 344
354.
Sanft, K. 1973. Gewichte sdamerikanischer
Vgel. Nonpasseres. Beitr. Vogelkd. 19: 406
423.
Slud, P. 1976. Geographic and climatic relation-
ships of avifaunas with special reference to
comparative distribition in the neotropics.
Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 212: 1149.
Aceptado el 5 de Febrero de 1999.
231
