Actividades Pasadas en Español
Actividades Pasadas en Español
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LECCIN
Qu hiciste ayer?
In this lesson you will look into
what you and your classmates did
in the recent past. As part of this
lesson, you will
ask and answer questions about
last nights activities
ask and answer questions about
last weekends activities
talk about some special events
from the past
learn how to use a past tense
called the preterite to ask
questions and to talk about
yourself and others
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Ayer Elena
1. se levant
temprano.
2. hizo ejercicio
aerbico.
3. camin a la
universidad.
4. particip en
clase.
5. trabaj en el
laboratorio por la
tarde.
6. volvi a casa a
las 5.00.
8. ley su correo
electrnico.
9. pag unas
cuentas.
12. se acost
temprano.
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ochenta
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Ayer Toms
1. se levant tarde.
2. ley el peridico.
3. fue en carro a la
oficina.
4. trabaj mucho en
la computadora.
6. sali de la
oficina.
8. se durmi en
clase.
9. llam a una
amiga.
Vocabulario til
el fin de semana pasado
la semana pasada
last weekend
last week
anoche
ayer
last night
yesterday
ochenta y uno
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Consejo
prctico
Elenas and Tomss
activities are presented
in a past tense called the
preterite. You will learn
about the preterite in this
lesson. For now, pay
particular attention to
the meanings of the verb
forms.
Remember that, in
general, it is a good
idea to learn a grammar
point by associating its
form with its meaning in
context. Memorization
of verb endings may be
useful for taking a test
on verbs, but it is not the
best way to learn grammar
for communication.
ELENA
TOMS
Trabaj en el laboratorio.
Hizo ejercicio aerbico.
Se durmi en clase.
Dio un paseo en el parque.
Camin a la universidad.
Se levant temprano por la maana.
Se acost tarde por la noche.
Almorz en un restaurante.
Trabaj muchas horas en la oficina.
MODELO
As se dice
As you may have noticed, fue is the past tense of va (he or she goes).
Ayer Elena fue a la biblioteca.
Toms fue a la oficina ayer por la maana.
You have also seen hizo in the expression hizo ejercicio. Because hacer often
means to do, the form hizo can be used to ask what someone did.
Qu hizo Elena ayer?
Qu hizo la profesora anoche?
ACTIVIDAD B En qu orden?
Read over the list of activities that Toms did yesterday. Number each
item from 1 to 8, with 1 being the first activity Toms did in the day,
and 8 being the last activity he did.
Toms
_____
_____
_____
_____
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ochenta y dos
fue a la oficina.
se acost.
sali de la oficina.
vio la televisin.
_____
_____
_____
_____
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OMUNICACIN
ACTIVIDAD C En tu clase
Your instructor will select a student to come to the front of the class.
Last night, did he or she do anything similar to Elena or Toms in the
drawings?
E1:
MODELO
PROFESOR(A):
GRAMTICA
Sali o se qued en casa?
(yo)
(t)
(Ud.)
-, -
-aste, -iste
-, -i
(l/ella)
habl
se levant
comi
sali
(ellos/ellas)
-aron, -ieron
Spanish has a past tense called the preterite (el pretrito), which has
different forms from those of the present tense.
The preterite has several equivalents in English. For example, se
acost can either mean he went to bed or he did go to bed. Normally the
preterite is used to report actions, events, and states that are viewed as
having been completed in the past. You will learn other meanings of the
preterite in subsequent lessons. For now, you only need to know how to
talk about what another person did last night, last weekend, or last
week; that is, to express actions completed at some point in the past.
As you have seen, most third person preterite verbs end in a stressed
or accented vowel, with -ar verbs ending in -, and -er and -ir verbs
ending in -i. (Thats right, -er and -ir verbs share the same endings,
making it easier for you to remember them!)
El estudiante se levant tarde, comi en la cafetera y sali.
When talking about Tomss activities, did you happen to notice that the
verb ley has a y in it? This is a spelling convention used to keep from
having three consecutive vowels (le- -i ley).
Another aspect of the preterite is that no stem-vowel changes are
carried over from the present tense for -ar and -er verbs. However, -ir
verbs with stem changes do have a vowel shift in the third person
preterite forms. Two examples are durmi (u instead of o in the stem),
and pidi (i instead of e in the stem).
ochenta y tres
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As se dice
In this Gramtica section,
you learned about third
person singular -ir
preterite verbs that have a
stem-vowel change. Here
are several verbs that
experience this change.
durmi (dormir)
pidi (pedir)
sirvi (servir to
serve)
corrigi (corregir to
correct)
se visti (vestirse)
l/ella
- (-ar)
almorz
charl
escuch
estudi
manej
sac
se despert
se qued
-i (-er)
comi
ley
vio
volvi
-i (-ir)
asisti
sali
If youre wondering why vio doesnt have a written accent, its because
its a one-syllable word and doesnt need one.
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ochenta y cuatro
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Poor
unas... a few
date
Paso 2 After reading the story, close your book and list as many actions
and details as you can recall. The group with the longest list wins!
As se dice
Most irregular preterite verbs do not have a stressed vowel ending. Here is a list of
some common irregular third-person preterite verbs.
anduvo (andar
to walk)
condujo (conducir)
dio (dar to give)
dijo (decir to say, tell)
estuvo (estar)
fue (ir, ser)
hizo (hacer)
pudo (poder)
supo (saber
to know)
tuvo (tener)
vino (venir)
OJO! The preterite of saber means found out and not knew. The preterite of poder
means managed or was finally able to.
Supo eso anoche.
Por fin pudo dormir bien.
ochenta y cinco
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OMUNICACIN
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
AYER
por la maana
por la tarde
por la noche
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N AV E G A N D O L A R E D
Find information in Spanish on movies, theater, or some other event that
you would like to attend. Be prepared to share what you found with the class.
GRAMTICA
Sal o me qued en casa?
(yo)
habl
me qued
com
sal
(nosotros/as)
-amos, -imos
(t)
(Ud.)
(l/ella)
-aste, -iste
-, -i
-, -i
(vosotros/as)
(Uds.)
(ellos/ellas)
-asteis, -isteis
-aron, -ieron
-aron, -ieron
ochenta y siete
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As se dice
You have probably noticed
that the verbs that
undergo spelling changes
in the first person preterite
like saqu and jugu are
-ar verbs that take the -
ending. Here are some
common verbs that
undergo spelling changes
in the yo form of the
preterite.
busqu (buscar)
practiqu (practicar)
saqu (sacar)
jugu (jugar)
llegu (llegar)
empec (empezar)
To talk about things you did in the past, use the first person singular
(yo) preterite verb forms. The verb endings are - for -ar verbs
(hablar habl), and - for -er and -ir verbs (comer com and
salir sal).
Anoche no hice nada especial. Me qued en casa sin tener nada
que hacer. Mir la televisin un rato y le el peridico. Me acost
temprano y dorm unas siete horas.
As you probably noticed, hice is the preterite yo form of hacer. To talk
about where you went, use fui, a form of ir. Note that ser has the same
forms as ir in the preterite, so fui can mean I went or I was. Context
will determine the meaning.
Anoche fui a un concierto de msica andina.
En el pasado ( past) fui estudiante de francs.
Note that irregular verb forms like hice and fui have no written accent.
You will become familiar with other irregular preterite verbs in this
lesson.
You will notice that some verb stems undergo spelling changes in the
yo form. Among these are saqu, jugu, and llegu. You will soon
learn the reasons for these spelling changes.
You will be delighted to know that there are no stem-vowel changes
of any sort with preterite yo forms!
Here is a list of a few useful regular verbs.
- (-ar)
habl
llam
trabaj
estudi
me despert
me qued
- (-er)
com
le
corr
volv
vi
- (-ir)
asist
dorm
sal
yo
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ochenta y ocho
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NO
ACTIVIDAD I Yo tambin
Here is a list of things done yesterday by a student who attends the
same university as Elena. For each of his statements, write whether or
not you did the same thing.
MODELO
As se dice
Here are the yo forms for
some common verbs that
are irregular in the
preterite.
anduve (andar)
conduje (conducir)
di (dar)
dije (decir)
estuve (estar)
fui (ir, ser)
hice (hacer)
pude (poder)
supe (saber)
tuve (tener)
vine (venir)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
OMUNICACIN
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MODELO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Una vez yo
Cultura
Cultura
Sabas
que...
CULTURA
CulturaCultura
Cultura Cultura
CULTURA
muchos escritores usan la primera persona al narrar una historia en vez de usar la terceraa persona? El uso de la primera persona
ayudab al escritor a entrar ms en la personalidad de los personajes y a darle otra perspectiva del mundo.c En El tnel, una novela
muy conocida,d el escritor argentino Ernesto Sbato usa esta tcnica,
como se puede ver en el ejemplo a continuacin.
Todos saben que mate a Mara Iribarne Hunter. Pero nadie sabe
cmo la conoc, qu relaciones hubof exactamente entre nosotros y
cmo fui hacindomeg a la idea de matarla. Tratarh de relatar
todo imparcialmente porque, aunque sufr mucho por su culpa,i
no tengo la neciaj pretensin de ser perfecto
CulturaCultura
Cultura Cultura
CULTURA
CulturaCultura
Cultura Cultura
third bhelps
Ill try ifault
I killed
pasado de hay
creating
VAMOS A VER
You will be pleasantly surprised to see how much of a magazine article
in Spanish you can already understand. In this lesson, with the help of
a few simple reading strategies, you will learn how to orient yourself to
the content of a reading; that is, how to make use of clues to familiarize
yourself with a readings content even before you begin to read. You will
also gather specific information from the article and summarize it.
You are not expected to read the article word for word. You are,
however, expected to do the activities step by step!
ANTICIPACIN
90
noventa
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Consejo
prctico
When youre presented
with a reading in Spanish,
do the following steps
before you begin to read.
EXPLORACIN
should help you. Deduce the meanings of any words you dont know or
skip over them for now. Based on the blurb, what is this articles purpose?
a. to compare Gloria Estefan and Jennifer Lpez
b. to review their music careers
c. to argue that they are Latina superstars
Paso 3 Now skim the first paragraph. Skip over words whose meaning
you cant deduce from the context. Are you able to verify your answer to
Paso 2?
Paso 4 If you answered a in Paso 2, you are correct again! Scan the article
without reading, noting only the section subheadings. Write them here.
1. ____________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________
Be sure you know the meanings of these section subheadings.
Nacimiento is a noun related to the verb nacer (to be born). What do
you think nacimiento means?
The more you anticipate what it is you are going to read about, the
better your reading experience will be. With a partner, make a list of
two things you expect to read about in each of the sections. For
example, what two pieces of information would you expect to read
about in the section called Nacimiento?
Paso 1 Now read the first section entitled Nacimiento. Do not try
to understand every word. Instead, use your ability to deduce the
meanings of words or skip over them if you cant. You should be able
to verify whether the pieces of information you anticipated in Anticipacin, Paso 3, appear in this section of the article. Do they? Write
down at least one thing you learned that you did not know before.
Paso 2 Now repeat Paso 1 for each of the next two sections, stopping
to see if what you anticipated appeared in the section. At the end, was
there anything that didnt appear that you thought would? Was there
information that appears that you hadnt considered? As you did in
Paso 1, write down one new thing that you learned for each section.
Familia: _____
Cmo ganaron su fama: _____
Paso 3 Compare what you learned in Pasos 1 and 2 with your
classmates. Did anybody already know all of the information or did
everybody learn something new from the reading?
Consejo prctico
When working with a reading text in Sabas que ?, dont read word for word.
Instead, read only what the Paso asks you about.
Remember: You should be able to complete a Paso if you follow the instructions. You
do not need to understand all the words, and at times it will be perfectly fine to skip whole
phrases and sentences! In this way, you are practicing the important reading skills of
skimming, skipping unfamiliar words, and deducing unfamiliar words from context.
noventa y uno
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Gloria y Jennifer
Dos superestrellas latinas!
Gloria Estefan y Jennifer Lpez. Las dos son latinas.
Las dos cantan y actan. Las dos hablan tanto el
espaol como el ingls. Parecidas? Aqu te damos
los detalles. Compralas t!
Todos sabemos quines son Gloria Estefan y
Jennifer Lpez. Estas dos artistas de ascendencia
Gloria Estefan
latina son conocidas mundialmente
y son tal vez las nicas latinas que han ganado el
estatus de superestrella en los Estados Unidos.
Qu sabes t de estas cantantes actrices? En qu
se parecen? En qu son diferentes? A continuacin, te presentamos algunos datos sobre estas
dos grandes artistas bilinges.
Jennifer Lpez
Nacimiento
Gloria naci en 1957 en La Habana, Cuba, con el nombre de Gloria
Mara Fajardo. Durante la revolucin de Castro, Gloria y su familia
se fueron de Cuba y, como tantos otros, se establecieron en Miami.
Jennifer, o J Lo como la llaman ahora, naci en el Bronx de
Nueva York en 1970. Es de ascendencia puertorriquea.
Familia
Gloria se cas en 1978 con Emilio Estefan, Jr. Tienen dos hijos
Nayib y Emily Marie y viven en Miami todava.
J Lo se cas en febrero de 1997 con el modelo Ojani Noa. Pero se
divorciaron al final del mismo ao. Luego, ella se cas con el coregrafo Christopher Judd en septiembre de 2001. Pero se divorciaron
en abril de 2002.
Cmo ganaron su fama
Gloria, junto con el Miami Sound Machine, hizo popular el ritmo latino en los Estados Unidos durante los aos 1980. As abri la puerta
para otros artistas latinos actuales como Marc Anthony, Ricky
Martin, Enrique Iglesias y la misma J Lo. (Interestantemente, el
esposo de Gloria, Emilio Estefan, colabar en el primier disco compacto de J Lo.)
Jennifer recibi atencin nacional por su actuacin en la pelcula
Selena (1997), basada en la breve vida de la cantante tejana quien
muri trgicamente a manos de una de sus empleadas.
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SNTESIS
Familia
TRABAJANDO
CON EL TEXTO
Consejo prctico
You may remember that cognates are words that look or sound similar to words in
another language. Some words are close cognates and look or sound almost
exactly alike, such as independence and independencia, for example. Others are
more distant from each other, such as to desire and desear. See whether you can
guess the English equivalents of the following cognates.
correccin
cromosoma
dinosaurio
lmpara
ordenar
prestigioso
resolver
tomate
volumen
At first, you may have to work hard to recognize the more distant cognates. But as
you progress, you will begin to read cognates in Spanish and know what they mean
without even thinking about it!
N AV E G A N D O L A R E D
Look for a website about any Spanish-language musical artist except
Gloria Estefan or Jennifer Lpez. Print out a page and take it to class.
Be prepared to present the same type of information about this artist
that you read about Gloria and Jennifer earlier in this lesson.
Leccin 3 Qu hiciste ayer?
noventa y tres
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As se dice
Remember that when
talking to someone with
whom you have some
social distance, you use
Ud. The Ud. form in all
tenses is the same as the
l/ella verb form.
A qu hora sali Ud.
de case?
Fue en carro o camin
al trabajo?
94
noventa y cuatro
(yo)
-, -
(nosotros/as)
-amos, -imos
(t)
trabajaste
te quedaste
comiste
saliste
(vosotros/as)
-asteis, -isteis
(Ud.)
(l/ella)
-, -i
-, -i
(Uds.)
(ellos/ellas)
-aron, -ieron
-aron, -ieron
To ask a classmate what he or she did in the past, use the t form of
the preterite. T forms end in -aste for -ar verbs and -iste for -er and
-ir verbs. Fuiste and hiciste are useful irregular t forms for you to
know.
Qu hiciste anoche? Te quedaste en casa o saliste? Fuiste a
alguna fiesta?
ACTIVIDAD A Y qu ms?
Imagine that someone makes the following statements to you. What
follow-up question would you logically ask after each statement?
1. _____ Fui al cine anoche.
2. _____ Tuve un examen esta
maana.
3. _____ Hice ejercicio esta
maana.
4. _____ Anoche com en un
restaurante elegante.
5. _____ Anoche llam a mis
padres por telfono.
6. _____ La semana pasada no
asist a clases.
7. _____ Fui a una fiesta anoche.
8. _____ Decid salir anoche para
escapar de la monotona.
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Marita Romine
41 aos
el Per
paycheck
Paso 2 Now watch the complete segment. Then answer the following
questions.
1. Qu ms (What else) hizo Marita con su primer sueldo?
2. Segn lo que compr, se puede concluir que Marita es una persona
prctica.
generosa con sus amigos.
prctica y tambin generosa con sus amigos.
Paso 3 Ask five classmates the same question: En qu gastaste tu
primer sueldo? Jot down what each person says. Then check the
appropriate box.
En sus respuestas
mis compaeros son como Marita.
mis compaeros son ms o menos como Marita.
mis compaeros son diferentes de Marita.
OMUNICACIN
ACTIVIDAD C T y yo
Paso 1 Write four sentences about things you did yesterday.
1
Paso 2 Find different people in the class who did the things you listed
in Paso 1.
noventa y cinco
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1.
2.
3.
4.
ACTIVIDAD
________________
________________
________________
________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
GRAMTICA
Salieron ellos anoche?
(yo)
(t)
(Ud.)
-, -
-aste, -iste
-, -i
(nosotros/as)
(vosotros/as)
(Uds.)
-amos, -imos
-asteis, -isteis
-aron, -ieron
(l/ella)
-, -i
(ellos/ellas)
trabajaron
comieron
salieron
se vistieron
When you describe what two or more people did in the past, you use
the ellos/ellas form of the preterite. All regular preterites end in -aron
for -ar verbs, and -ieron for -er and -ir verbs.
Salieron Rodrigo y Sonia anoche?
No, se quedaron en casa y estudiaron.
Salieron ellos anoche?
S! Y no regresaron a casa
hasta las 3.00 de la maana.
As se dice
You may remember from
Leccin 1 that when you
want to ask a question of
more than one person, you
need to use the secondperson plural or Uds.
forms. The Uds. forms are
identical to the third
person plural (ellos/ellas)
forms.
Salieron Uds. o se
quedaron en casa?
Fueron Uds. al cine o
miraron un vdeo en
casa?
96
noventa y seis
The same stem-vowel and spelling changes that occur in the third
person singular also occur in the third person plural of the preterite.
Anoche los estudiantes leyeron mucho y durmieron poco.
Most irregular preterites end in -ieron, but there are some exceptions.
Two of these are ir and decir.
Ayer mis compaeros hicieron todos los ejercicios y despus fueron
al cine.
Dijeron la verdad (truth) los estudiantes que estuvieron ausentes?
As se dice
Remember that stem changes in the preterite that occur in third person singular
(l/ella) forms also occur in third person plural (ellos/ellas) forms. This is also true
of irregular preterite verbs. Here are third person plural preterite forms of some
common stem-changing and irregular verbs.
anduvieron
dieron
dijeron
durmieron
estuvieron
fueron
hicieron
pidieron
pudieron
supieron
tuvieron
vinieron
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PROFESORES
SECRETARIOS
1. Se acostaron tarde.
2. Miraron una telenovela
(soap opera).
3. Durmieron mucho.
4. Fueron a la biblioteca.
5. Navegaron la Red.
6. Escribieron en la
computadora.
OMUNICACIN
GRAMTICA
Qu hicimos nosotros?
(yo)
-, -
(nosotros/as)
almorzamos
volvimos
asistimos
nos vestimos
(t)
(Ud.)
(l/ella)
-aste, -iste
-, -i
-, -i
(vosotros/as)
(Uds.)
(ellos/ellas)
-asteis, -isteis
-aron, -ieron
-aron, -ieron
noventa y siete
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When you talk about what you and another person did, you use the
nosotros/as form of the preterite. All regular -ar preterites end in
-amos (just like the present tense). All regular -er and -ir nosotros/as
forms end in -imos. There are no stem-vowel or other changes for these
verb forms!
Ayer Pepe y yo almorzamos en la cafetera.
Mi compaera de cuarto y yo no salimos anoche.
Irregular preterite verbs end in -imos.
Recuerdas cuando fuimos
a Espaa? Ay, qu recuerdos
(memories)! Comimos bien,
conocimos a tantas personas
interesantes, y los lugares
que vimos! Quiero volver!
As se dice
Remember that irregular
nosotros preterite verbs
end in -imos. Here is a
list of some common
irregulars.
dijimos (decir)
fuimos (ir, ser)
hicimos (hacer)
tuvimos (tener)
vinimos (venir)
See whether you can give
the nosotros form of the
preterite for these
irregular verbs.
andar
conducir
poder
saber
estudiamos.
fuimos a un bar.
miramos una telenovela.
gastamos dinero en ropa.
tuvimos un examen.
comimos en un restaurante
de comida rpida.
fuimos a la biblioteca.
Paso 2 One of you should volunteer to read out loud the list of items
you checked. After each statement, those who did the activities should
raise their hands. Was the volunteer correct?
OMUNICACIN
Paso 1 Interview a classmate and find out what you each did during the
week. Here is a list of sample activities. Feel free to come up with others!
asistir a una conferencia pblica
bailar en una fiesta
correr cinco millas
hacer de voluntario/a
MODELO
98
noventa y ocho
ir a un restaurante
navegar la Red
practicar un deporte
ver una telenovela
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As se dice
You already know what
ayer, anoche, and la
semana pasada mean. To
express a particular day of
last week you use the
definite article with the
day of the week
pasado.
El lunes pasado fui a la
casa de mis padres.
To express how long ago
something was done, you
use the verb hace a
unit of time.
Vine a esta universidad
hace un ao.
Paso 2 Now with your partner find two other people who did at least
two of the same activities that you two did.
MODELO
E1:
SITUACIN
Un estudiante, Juan Mengano, pas toda la noche estudiando para
su examen de qumica. Esta maana falt aa la clase de matemticas
a las 9.00 y fue a su clase de qumica a las 10.00 para tomar el
examen. Despus descubri que la profesora de matemticas dio una
prueba de sorpresa.b Crees que Juan tiene una buena excusa para
preguntarle a la profesora si puede tomar la prueba en su oficina?
a
Empec a estudiar
hace unos minutos.
falt he missed
INTERCAMBIO
Es tpico esto?
Propsito: to write a paragraph on what a classmate did and decide
whether its typical.
Papeles: two students, interviewer and person interviewed.
Paso 1 Look over the following paragraph. Imagine that you are going
to fill it in with information about one of your classmates.
Ayer mi compaero/a de clase _____ , _____ y _____ . Tambin _____ ,
_____ y _____ . Pero no _____ ni _____ ayer. Anoche l (ella) _____ y
despus _____ . Es tpico esto? Creo que s (no)!
Paso 2 Now interview a person you do not know well. Before starting
the interview, think of questions that will provide the information you
will need to fill in and expand on the model paragraph in Paso 1. As
you formulate your questions, remember to find out when your partner
did the activity, whether he or she did it alone, and other similar details.
Paso 3 Use the paragraph in Paso 1 as a guide to write up the information you have gathered. Make any adjustments to the format of the
paragraph that you feel are necessary.
Paso 4 Before turning in your paragraph, let your partner read it. Does
he or she agree with your final sentence (that is, Es tpico esto? Creo
que s [no]!)?
Leccin 3 Qu hiciste ayer?
noventa y nueve
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istazos culturales
Cultura Cultura
Sabas
CULTURAque...
CulturaCultura
Cultura Cultura
CULTURA
CulturaCultura
Cultura Cultura
CULTURA
CulturaCultura
handicrafts
songs
b vain
El Popol Vuh
a
b gods
c tried
d mud
Leccin 3 Qu hiciste
f nunca...
they were never
satisfied g corn
ayer?
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La religin
Las festividades
religiosas en muchas
partes de
Latinoamrica estn
compuestasa de
elementos indgenas
y catlicos. Por
ejemplo, en la fiesta
del Corpus Cristi en
La Villa de los Santos
en Panam se ve el
sincretismob de
varias tradiciones
religiosas.
acomposed
bsntesis
byarn
cbeads
La artesana
bmade
cdesigns
dbutterflies
efish
ciento uno
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ACTIVIDAD Qu recuerdas?
Select the answer that best fits each of the following sentences.
1. Segn la leyenda de La Llorona, Mara mata (kills) a sus hijos porque
est _____.
a. nerviosa
b. triste
c. celosa
2. Segn la historia maya de la creacin, el hombre ideal se cre
de _____.
a. madera
b. lodo
c. maz
3. La religin de origen y oruba que se practica en Cuba y otros pases
es _____.
a. la santera
b. el catolicismo
c. el vud
4. La mola es una tela usada en la artesana de _____.
a. los huicholes
b. los kunas
c. los tepehuanes
5. El pas hispano que tiene fama internacional por su larga tradicin
de alfarera es _____.
a. Panam
b. Nicaragua
c. Cuba
6. Los huicholes de Mxico hacen una artesana de _____.
a. hilaza
b. tela
c. abalorios
N AV E G A N D O L A R E D
Complete one of the following activities. Then present your information
to the class.
1. Look for information about the legends and myths of the Quich
Mayans. Choose one legend or myth and write a brief summary of
the story, including its central themes and the moral (moraleja) if
it has one.
2. Look for information about a folkloric musical genre (gnero) in
the Spanish-speaking world. Jot down the following information.
a. el pas o la regin donde se toca esta msica
b. las caractersticas generales de la msica
c. los temas principales de la letra que acompaa la msica y el
ttulo de una cancin popular de este gnero
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VOCABULARIO COMPRENSIVO
Ayer y anoche
Yesterday and
Last Night
andar (irreg.)
buscar
dar (irreg.)
decir (irreg.)
dormirse (ue, u)
empezar (ie)
estar (irreg.)
jugar a los
videojuegos
llamar (por telfono)
llegar
pagar (la cuenta)
practicar un
deporte (R)
preparar (la cena)
recibir (R)
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
walk
look for
give
say; to tell
fall asleep
begin
be
play video games
to
to
to
to
to prepare (dinner)
to receive
recordar (ue)
saber (irreg.)
tener un examen
ver (irreg.) una
telenovela
to remember
to know (facts,
information)
to have (take) a test
to watch a soap opera
Cundo?
When?
anoche
ayer
el fin de semana
pasado
un rato
la semana pasada
la ltima vez
una vez
last night
yesterday
last weekend
little while, short time
last week
last time
once
hace time
_____ ago
ciento tres
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GRAMMAR SUMMARY
For Leccin preliminar Leccin 3
The Verb ser
(yo)
(t)
(Ud.)
(l/ella)
soy
eres
es
es
(nosotros/as)
(vosotros/as)
(Uds.)
(ellos/as)
somos
sois
son
son
me
te
gusta(n)
le
le
nos
os
les
les
gusta(n)
-ar
-er
-ir
me levanto
te levantas
se levanta
se levanta
nos levantamos
os levantis
se levantan
se levantan
como
comes
come
come
comemos
comis
comen
comen
asisto
asistes
asiste
asiste
asistimos
asists
asisten
asisten
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dormir
tener
vestirse
o ue
duerme
dormimos
dorms
Possessive Adjectives
Possessive adjectives precede the noun and
agree in number with the noun.
mi profesor
tu amig
su perro
mis profesores
tus amigs
sus perros
e ie
tiene
tenemos
tenis
nuestro profesor
nuestra profesora
ei
se viste
nos vestimos
os vests
nuestros profesores
nuestras profesoras
Negation
Descriptive Adjectives
hago (hacer)
s (saber)
tengo (tener)
vengo (venir)
ciento cinco
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-ar
-er
-ir
me levant
te levantaste
se levant
se levant
nos levantamos
os levantasteis
se levantaron
se levantaron
com
comiste
comi
comi
comimos
comisteis
comieron
comieron
sal
saliste
sali
sali
salimos
salisteis
salieron
salieron
Some common verbs do not have the characteristic stress on the verb ending in the preterite.
These irregular verbs all share the same endings,
regardless of whether they are -ar, -er, or -ir
verbs.
andar:
estar:
hacer:
poder:
saber:
tener:
venir:
anduvestuvhic-*
pudsuptuvvin-
-e (yo)
-iste (t)
-o (Ud.)
-o (l/ella)
-imos (nosotros/as)
-isteis (vosotros/as)
-ieron (Uds.)
-ieron (ellos/ellas)
Two other irregular verbs share a common ending in the Uds. and ellos/ellas form.
conducir condujeron
decir dijeron
Saber in the preterite means to find out (lit. at a
point in time, to begin to know)
Entonces supe la verdad.
Then I found out the truth.
Poder in the preterite means to manage to, succeed in (doing something)
Por fin pude hablar con ella.
I was finally able to speak with her. (I had
tried before, but had always failed.)
The verb form hay can mean there is and there are.
Hay caf?
No, no hay caf. Pero s hay refrescos.
*Hic- becomes hiz- when used with Ud. and l/ella: hizo.
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Ir a infinitive
One way to discuss future activities is to use the
conjugated form of ir a infinitive.
Voy a levantarme temprano maana.
Im going to getup early tomorrow.
Elena y su amigos van a bailar el sbado.
Elena and her friends are going to dance on
Saturday.
Do
English requires the support verb do to make
negatives, ask questions, and to emphasize.
Spanish has no such verb, and you should not
equate the English support verb do with hacer.
No sabes la respuesta.
You dont know the answer.
Sueles levantarte tarde?
Do you normally get up late?
Dormiste bien?
Did you sleep well?
T s saliste anoche!
You did go out last night!
It
Keep in mind that the subject it is not expressed
in Spanish as it is in English. English is a language that requires sentences to have expressed
subjects, but Spanish does not. English requires
dummy subjects such as it, where Spanish
needs no expressed subject.
Llueve.
Its raining.
Hace fro.
Its cold.
Son las dos y media.
Its two-thirty.
Es imposible.
Its impossible.
ciento siete
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