Buril
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Luz HernandezBuril
Cargado por
Luz HernandezCommon questions
Con tecnología de IAThe frequency with which a buril needs sharpening closely correlates with the type and intensity of the operations it performs. Buriles engaged in heavy, continuous operations, or cutting harder materials, will exhibit faster edge wear and require more frequent sharpening to maintain efficiency . Conversely, when performing light or fine finishing tasks, the demand on the buril's edge is reduced, thus extending intervals between sharpening . The type of material being machined and the cutting parameters, such as speed and feed rate, also play critical roles in determining sharpening frequency, necessitating regular maintenance schedules for high-performance applications .
Testing a sharpened buril on the lathe is necessary to confirm its edge quality and effectiveness in cutting operations. Successful sharpening is indicated by the buril easily producing consistent, smooth cuts without tearing the material, noticeable chip flow, and minimal heat generation at the cut site . Observations such as the absence of tool chatter, visible surface finish quality, and reduced vibration suggest that the cutting edge is sharp and the sharpening angles are correctly set . Such testing ensures that the buril meets the performance requirements for precise machining tasks .
The correct geometry of a buril's edge is pivotal for machining efficiency and outcome, influencing various factors such as chip control, surface finish, and tool wear rate. Angles like inclination and clearance facilitate smooth cutting and chip removal, thereby reducing heat generation and preventing edge buildup . A properly shaped edge ensures that cutting forces are minimized, decreasing tool deflection and maintaining workpiece accuracy. Furthermore, suitable edge geometry enhances surface finish by ensuring the cutting action is smooth and consistent, avoiding dig-ins . Incorrect geometry, however, leads to poor cutting performance and increased tool replacement costs .
The different components of a buril contribute significantly to its function and versatility. The cutting head, with its carefully ground angles, is crucial for effective cutting and chip formation. The base provides stability and support for mounting in a tool holder, reducing vibrations . The neck offers flexibility for internal operations, allowing for necessary clearance in tight spaces. The face and flanks, defined by primary and secondary edges, dictate the tool's efficiency in cutting and chip evacuation, where precise grinding impacts the surface finish quality . Each component is strategically designed to optimize various machining operations, showcasing the buril's versatility in lathing applications .
Improper alignment of a buril in its tool holder can lead to significant consequences such as increased tool wear, undesired surface finishing, and tool breakage. Misalignment leads to inefficient cutting angles, causing excessive force during machining, which can damage both the tool and the workpiece. This may result in uneven cuts, poor dimensional accuracy, and increased material discard . Furthermore, misalignment can cause increased vibration and chatter, degrading the tool's edge more quickly and requiring more frequent resharpening or replacement . Proper alignment ensures optimal tool life and machining precision .
Sharpening buriles properly involves ensuring the correct angles of inclination and clearance. The angle of inclination is crucial as it affects how the cutting edge engages with the material, determining the efficiency of chip removal. Typically, this involves combining a lateral inclination and a vertical clearance angle . The front clearance angle, or incidence, usually ranges from 3° to 15°, depending on the specific metal and machining conditions. Properly set angles ensure minimal friction, optimal chip flow, and reduced wear on the cutting edge, thus improving machining efficiency . Moreover, a misaligned or incorrect angle can result in increased tool wear and poor surface finish .
The material of a buril significantly impacts both its sharpening process and machining efficiency. High-speed steel buriles are common, requiring routine sharpening to maintain edge integrity and precision. Carbide insert buriles, on the other hand, do not require sharpening as they are manufactured with a superior edge; however, once damaged, they need replacement . The durability of the buril's material affects how often it must be resharpened and its performance, with carbide being more wear-resistant but also more brittle compared to high-speed steel .
The primary types of buriles used in a lathe include right and left-hand cutting buriles, rounding buriles, threading buriles, and internal cutting buriles. Each type is designed for specific machining tasks based on their edge geometries and cutting angles. Right and left-hand cutting buriles facilitate different directional cuts; for example, a right-hand cutting buril advances from right to left . Rounding buriles have a round profile for creating smooth curved surfaces, while threading buriles have precise profiles to cut screw threads. Internal cutting buriles manage inside diameter operations often requiring specific geometries for accuracy .
Using water to cool a buril during sharpening is crucial to manage thermal effects. It prevents overheating, which can cause warping or tempering changes in the buril material, leading to a weakened cutting edge. Cooling enhances the sharpening precision by maintaining the metal's structural integrity and ensuring a consistent grind without burns or distortions . This practice extends the tool's lifespan and maintains performance by preventing rapid edge degradation . Furthermore, it provides safety advantages by reducing the risk of burns from handling overheated tools .
The methodological steps for sharpening a buril involve using an emery wheel to grind the tool while maintaining specific angles guided by measuring devices like a square or buril calibrator. Initially, the buril is firmly held by hand with precise pressure applied, followed by checking for burn marks or residues post-sharpening to ensure a clean edge . Safety considerations include using personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, to protect from flying debris and grinding dust, and cooling the buril intermittently in water to prevent overheating, which could damage both the tool and the user . Diligence in maintaining a balanced stance and focus on the task reduces accidents .
