ter

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ter"

Languages (27)

Translingual • English

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Abinomn • Albanian • Chungli Ao • Chuukese • Dutch • French • Galician • Indonesian • Latin • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Norwegian Bokmål • Old English • Old Galician-Portuguese • Old Prussian • Portuguese • Salar • Serbo-Croatian • Spanish • Sumerian • Swedish • Turkish • Uzbek • Vietnamese • Volapük

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology 1

Clipping of English Tereno.

Symbol

ter

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Tereno.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Tereno terms

Further reading

• ter on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French ter, from Latin ter.

Adjective

ter

1. The third iteration. Used in names of international standards.

   Coordinate term: bis

English

Particle

ter

1. (dialectal) Eye dialect spelling of to.
   • 1946, Elizabeth Metzger Howard, Before the Sun Goes Down, page 31:

     "Jesus Christ! Was my folks refined. My mam she wouldn't think-a lettin' us young'uns call a pee pot a pee pot. A chamber's what she called it... And by God! Us young'uns had ter call the pee pot a chamber or git our God damn necks wrang."

   • 1997 June 26, J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], “The Keeper of the Keys”, in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (Harry Potter; 1), London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN, page 41:

     ‘Do you mean ter tell me,’ he growled at the Dursleys, ‘that this boy – this boy! – knows nothin’ abou’ – about ANYTHING?’

Preposition

ter

1. (dialectal) Eye dialect spelling of to.
   • 1913, Eleanor H. Porter, chapter 8, in Pollyanna‎^[5], L.C. Page, →OCLC:

     "But he never speaks ter anybody, child—he hain't for years, I guess, except when he just has to, for business, and all that."

   • 1997 June 26, J. K. Rowling [pseudonym; Joanne Rowling], “The Keeper of the Keys”, in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (Harry Potter; 1), London: Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN, page 40:

     ‘What about that tea then, eh?’ he said, rubbing his hands together. ‘I’d not say no ter summat stronger if yeh’ve got it, mind.’

Adverb

ter (not comparable)

1. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) (dialectal) Eye dialect spelling of to.

Further reading

• “ter”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

• ERT, ETR, Ret., ert, ret

Abinomn

Noun

ter

1. river

Albanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /teɾ/, [tɛɾ]
• Rhymes: -eɾ

Etymology 1

From Proto-Albanian *taura, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.

Noun

ter m (plural tera, definite teri, definite plural terat)

1. bull

   Synonyms: dem, mëzat, taroç

Declension

Declension of ter

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	ter	teri	tera	terat
accusative		terin
dative	teri	terit	terave	terave
ablative			terash

Adjective

ter

1. uncastrated

   Synonym: i patredhur

   dem ter ― uncastrated bull

Derived terms

• taroç
• terak

Etymology 2

From Proto-Albanian *tarsja, from *torseje, from Proto-Indo-European *torséyeti (“to make dry”), from *ters- (“dry”). Cognate to Sanskrit तृष्यति (tṛṣyati), Latin torreo, Old Norse þerra.

Verb

ter (aorist tera, participle terur)

1. (transitive) to dry, dry off

   Synonym: thaj

Conjugation

Standard Albanian conjugation of ter (active voice)

• Show compound tenses:  

		participle		terur
		gerund		duke terur
		infinitive		për të terur
singular			plural
1st pers.	2nd pers.	3rd pers.	1st pers.	2nd pers.	3rd pers.
indicative	present	ter	ter	ter	terim	terni	terin
	imperfect	terja	terje	terte	ternim	ternit	ternin
	aorist	tera	tere	teri	terëm	terët	terën
perfect	kam terur	ke terur	ka terur	kemi terur	keni terur	kanë terur
past perfect	kisha terur	kishe terur	kishte terur	kishim terur	kishit terur	kishin terur
aorist II	pata terur	pate terur	pati terur	patëm terur	patët terur	patën terur
future1	do të ter	do të terësh	do të terë	do të terim	do të terni	do të terin
future perfect2	do të kem terur	do të kesh terur	do të ketë terur	do të kemi terur	do të keni terur	do të kenë terur
subjunctive	present	të ter	të terësh	të terë	të terim	të terni	të terin
imperfect	të terja	të terje	të terte	të ternim	të ternit	të ternin
perfect	të kem terur	të kesh terur	të ketë terur	të kemi terur	të keni terur	të kenë terur
past perfect	të kisha terur	të kishe terur	të kishte terur	të kishim terur	të kishit terur	të kishin terur
conditional1, 2	imperfect	do të terja	do të terje	do të terte	do të ternim	do të ternit	do të ternin
	past perfect	do të kisha terur	do të kishe terur	do të kishte terur	do të kishim terur	do të kishit terur	do të kishin terur
optative	present	tersha	tersh	tertë	tershim	tershi	tershin
perfect	paça terur	paç terur	pastë terur	paçim terur	paçit terur	paçin terur
admirative	present	terkam	terke	terka	terkemi	terkeni	terkan
	imperfect	terkësha	terkëshe	terkësh	terkëshim	terkëshit	terkëshin
perfect	paskam terur	paske terur	paska terur	paskemi terur	paskeni terur	paskan terur
past perfect	paskësha terur	paskëshe terur	paskësh terur	paskëshim terur	paskëshit terur	paskëshin terur
imperative	present	—	ter	—	—	terni	—
1) indicative future identical with conditional present 2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect

Derived terms

• terë
• term
• shter
  • shterë
  • shteroj

Related terms

• djerr

Further reading

• FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎^[6], 1980
• “ter”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
• Mann, S. E. (1948), “ter”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 513

Chungli Ao

Etymology

Chungli Ao numbers ^(edit)

		100
←  1	←  9	10	20  →	100  →
		1
Cardinal: ter

From Proto-Central Naga *th-ra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɯɾ˩/, [tɯɾ˩]

Numeral

ter

1. ten

Further reading

• Bruhn, Daniel Wayne (2014), A Phonological Reconstruction of Proto-Central Naga‎^[7], Berkeley: University of California, pages 92-94, 184
• Gowda, K. S. Gurubasave (1985), Ao-English-Hindi Dictionary, Mysore: Central Institute of Indian Languages, page 45
• Clark, Mary M. (1893), Ao Naga grammar with illustrative phrases and vocabulary, Molung: Assam Secretariat Printing Office, page 44

Chuukese

Adjective

ter

1. devastated, ruined
2. disabled

Dutch

Etymology

Contraction of te +‎ der (“the”, dative singular feminine). Compare German zur.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛr/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛr

Contraction

ter

1. for, for the (followed by a feminine singular noun, e.g., one ending in -ing)

   Stichting ter Bevordering van de Duiksport

   Foundation for the Advancement of Scubadiving

2. in the

   De Katholieke Universiteit Leuven is de oudste universiteit van de Nederlanden en tevens de oudste nog bestaande katholieke universiteit ter wereld.

   The Catholic University of Leuven is the oldest university of the Low Countries and also the oldest still existing catholic university in the world.

Usage notes

Like ten, ter occurs mostly in fixed idiomatic expressions, while voor and in (+ de/het) are the standard. With feminine nouns ending in -ing, -te, -heid, etc., it still enjoys limited productivity:

• ter wikifiëring ― intended to be wikified (literally, “for the wikification”)

Derived terms

• Huis ter Noord
• ter ere van
• ter harte nemen
• ter Horst
• ter lering en vermaak
• ter plekke
• ter sluip
• ter sprake brengen
• ter tafel brengen
• ter wille van
• ter zake, terzake
• ter ziele
• terbeschikkingstelling
• Terborg
• terdege
• Tereyken
• Terlinden
• terloops
• ternauwernood
• Terschuur
• terstond
• Tervoorst
• Terwolde

Related terms

• ten

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ter.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛʁ/

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛʁ
• Hyphenation: ter

Adverb

ter

1. (in street numbering) b; designating a third house with the same number

   34 ter rue de Dunkerque ― 34b Dunkirk Street

Descendants

• Vietnamese: ter
• Translingual: ter

Further reading

• “ter”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese teer, from earlier tẽer, from Latin tenēre (“to hold, to have”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈteɾ/ [ˈt̪eɾ]
• Rhymes: -eɾ
• Hyphenation: ter

Verb

ter (first-person singular present teño, first-person singular preterite tiven, past participle tido)
ter (first-person singular present tenho, first-person singular preterite tivem or tive, past participle tido, reintegrationist norm)

1. to hold, have
2. to possess

   Synonym: posuír

3. (auxiliary) ought [with de (+ infinitive) ‘to do something’]

   Murmurai murmuradores ¶ non fartaivos de murmurar ¶ que an'que vos salten os ollos ¶ teño de rir e cantar. (folk song)

   Let's gossip, you gossipers ¶ Never get tired of gossiping ¶ 'cause even if your eyes pop out ¶ I ought to laugh and sing.

   • 1707, Salvador Francisco Roel, Entremés galego ao feliz e real parto da nosa raíña:

     [Afonso:] E como està o afillado?
     [Christobo:] Esse jà quer ir a Escola, ¶ pero porque non tèn sayo ¶ està decote na Eyra ¶ para escorrentar o Gando.
     [Afonso:] Pois esso non e ben feyto, ¶ porque e vivo coma vn allo, ¶ fino coma vnha pimenta, ¶ e se quer ser Lecenceado ¶ an que venda os bois do jugo ¶ lle teño de dar estado.

     [Afonso:] How is doing my godchild?
     [Christobo:] He already want to go to school, ¶ but since he has no robe ¶ is all the time in the field ¶ to drive away the livestock.
     [Afonso:] But this is not correct, ¶ because he is smart as a whip, ¶ acute as a pepper grain, ¶ and if he wants to be a bachelor, ¶ even if I have to sell the yoke oxen, ¶ I ought to give him estate.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ter (irregular)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ter
Personal	ter	teres	ter	termos	terdes	teren
Gerund
	tendo
Past participle
Masculine	tido			tidos
Feminine	tida			tidas
Indicative
Present	teño	tes	ten	temos	tendes, tedes	teñen
Imperfect	tiña	tiñas	tiña	tiñamos	tiñades	tiñan
Preterite	tiven	tiveches	tivo	tivemos	tivestes	tiveron
Pluperfect	tivera	tiveras	tivera	tiveramos	tiverades	tiveran
Future	terei	terás	terá	teremos	teredes	terán
Conditional	tería	terías	tería	teriamos	teriades	terían
Subjunctive
Present	teña	teñas	teña	teñamos	teñades	teñan
Imperfect	tivese	tiveses	tivese	tivésemos	tivésedes	tivesen
Future	tiver	tiveres	tiver	tivermos	tiverdes	tiveren
Imperative
Affirmative		ten	teña	teñamos	tende, tede	teñan
Negative (non)		non teñas	non teña	non teñamos	non teñades	non teñan

    Reintegrated conjugation of ter (irregular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ter
Personal	ter	teres	ter	termos	terdes	terem
Gerund
	tendo
Past participle
Masculine	tido			tidos
Feminine	tida			tidas
Indicative
Present	tenho	tés, tens	tem	temos	tendes	tenhem, têm, tém1
Imperfect	tinha	tinhas	tinha	tínhamos	tínhades, tínheis, tínhais1	tinham
Preterite	tivem, tive	tiveste, tiveche1	tivo, teve	tivemos	tivestes	tivérom, tiveram
Pluperfect	tivera	tiveras	tivera	tivéramos	tivérades, tivéreis, tivérais1	tiveram
Future	terei	terás	terá	teremos	teredes, tereis	terám, terão
Conditional	teria	terias	teria	teríamos	teríades, teríeis, teríais1	teriam
Subjunctive
Present	tenha	tenhas	tenha	tenhamos	tenhades, tenhais	tenham
Imperfect	tivesse	tivesses	tivesse	tivéssemos	tivéssedes, tivésseis	tivessem
Future	tiver	tiveres	tiver	tivermos	tiverdes	tiverem
Imperative
Affirmative		tem	tenha	tenhamos	tende	tenham
Negative (nom)		nom tenhas	nom tenha	nom tenhamos	nom tenhades, nom tenhais	nom tenham

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• non ter dúbida
• ter que
• termar

Related terms

• abster
• ater
• conter
• deter
• entreter
• manter
• reter
• soster

See also

• haber

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “te_er”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “ter”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ter”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ter”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “ter”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Further reading

• “ter”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2026
• “ter”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛr/
• Hyphenation: tèr

Etymology 1

From Dutch teer (“tar”), from Proto-Germanic *terwą, from Proto-Indo-European *derwo-.

Noun

tèr (plural ter-ter)

1. tar, the black, oily, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons derived from organic materials such as wood, peat, or coal

Alternative forms

• tar
• tir

Etymology 2

Unknown.

Noun

tèr (plural ter-ter)

1. alternative spelling of tir

Etymology 3

Learned borrowing from Latin ter (“thrice”).

Noun

tèr (plural ter-ter)

1. (law) thrice, following bis (“second”)

Further reading

• “ter”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Latin

Latin numbers ^(edit)

	30[a], [b]
←  2	III 3	4  →
Cardinal: trēs     Ordinal: tertius     Adverbial: ter     Proportional: triplus     Multiplier: triplex     Distributive: ternus, trīnus     Collective: terniō     Fractional: triēns

Etymology

From earlier terr, from Old Latin *tris, from Proto-Italic *tris, from Proto-Indo-European *trís. Cognate with Ancient Greek τρῐ́ς (trĭ́s, “thrice”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtɛr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈtɛr]
• Rhymes: -ɛr
• Hyphenation: ter

Adverb

ter (not comparable)

1. thrice, three times
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.690-691:

     Ter sēsē attollēns cubitōque adnīxa levāvit,
     ter revolūta torō est [...].

     Lifting herself three times, [Dido] had tried to raise upon her elbow, and thrice she had rolled back upon the bed [...].

   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti 5.247–248:

     ‘ter voluī prōmittere opem, ter lingua retenta est:
     īra Iovis magnī causa timōris erat’

     “Thrice I wanted to promise help, thrice [my] tongue was stayed:
     the anger of mighty Jupiter was the reason for [my] fear.”
     (The poetic voice is that of Flora.)

   • 2004, Ephemeris‎^[8]:

     Olafur Ragnar Grimsson ter iam primarius minister Islandiae electus est.

     Olafur Ragnar Grimsson has been elected as the president of Iceland for a third time.

2. three as understood symbolically in a cultural context
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 4.509–511:

     Stant ārae circum, et crīnēs effūsa sacerdōs
     ter centum tonat ōre deōs, Erebumque Chaosque,
     tergeminamque Hecatēn, tria virginis ōra Diānae.

     Altars are standing all around [the pyre], and the priestess — with her hair flowing — thunders from her lips thrice a hundred gods’ [names]: Erebus and Chaos, triform Hecate, [and] the three faces of virgin Diana.
     (The priestess who invokes “ter centum” deities may be calling three hundred gods, 100 gods three times, or “hundreds of” or “a great many,” and some of the named gods have tri-part symbolism. Threes have special significance in myth, folklore and ritual; see: Lease, Emory B., The Number Three, Mysterious, Mystic, Magic. Classical Philology, Jan., 1919, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 56-73.)

3. repeatedly; indefinitely

Usage notes

• Ter is a prefix or suffix designating the third instance of a thing, thus following bis (“second”) and preceding quater (“fourth”).

Derived terms

• ternus (distributive numeral)
• teruncius

References

• “ter”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ter”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

Middle Dutch

Contraction

ter

1. contraction of te +‎ der

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English teoru, teru, from Proto-Germanic *terwą, from Proto-Indo-European *dérwom. Forms with a short vowel are possibly from an Old English form *teor with loss of the final vowel.

Alternative forms

• tarr, tarre, teer, tere, terr, terre

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛːr(ə)/, /ˈtɛr/

Noun

ter (uncountable)

2. Tar or a similar substance.

Descendants

• English: tar
• Scots: tar
• Yola: tar

References

• “tē̆r, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 25 December 2018.

Etymology 2

Noun

ter

1. alternative form of teer (“tear”)

Etymology 3

Noun

ter

1. alternative form of teer (“good”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

ter

1. present of te (reflexive), (behave)

Anagrams

• ert, tre

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ter/
• Rhymes: -er

Verb

ter

1. singular imperative of teran

Old Galician-Portuguese

Verb

ter

1. alternative form of tẽer

Conjugation

Conjugation of tẽer, teer, ter

infinitive				tẽer, teer, ter
gerund		simple		tẽendo, teendo, tendo
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		tẽúdo, teúdo, tĩúdo, tiúdo		tẽúdos, teúdos, *tĩúdos, tiúdos
		feminine		tẽúda, teúda, *tĩúda, tiúda		*tẽúdas, teúdas, *tĩúdas, *tiúdas
present participle				tẽente, teente, tente		tẽentes, *teentes, *tentes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	tenho	tẽes, *tens, tees, tês	tẽe, ten	tẽemos, teemos, temos	tẽedes, *tendes, *tẽendes, teendes, *teedes, *tedes	tẽen, teen, ten
	imperfect	*tẽía, *tĩía, *tĩa, tinha, *tiinha	*tẽías, *tĩías, *tĩas, tinhas, tiinhas	tẽía, tĩía, *tĩa, tinha, tiinha	*tẽiamos, *tẽíamos, *tĩïamos, *tĩíamos, *tĩamos, tinhamos, tínhamos, tiïnhamos, tiínhamos	*tẽiades, *tẽíades, *tĩïades, *tĩíades, *tĩades, tinhades, tínhades, tiïnhades, tiínhades	tẽían, tĩían, *tĩan, tinhan, tiinhan
	preterite	tive	teveste, *tiveste, *toveste	teve, tevo, tovo	tevemos, tivemos, *tovemos	tevestes, *tivestes, tovestes	teveron, tiveron, toveron
	pluperfect	tevera, *tivera, *tovera	*teveras, tiveras, *toveras	tevera, tivera, tovera	*teveramos, *tevéramos, *tiveramos, *tivéramos, *toveramos, *tovéramos	teverades, *tevérades, *tiverades, *tivérades, *toverades, *tovérades	teveran, tiveran, *toveran
	future	*tenrei, terrei, teerei, *terei	*tenrás, *terrás, teerás, *terás	*tenrá, terrá, teerá, *terá	*tenremos, terremos, teeremos, *teremos	*tenredes, terredes, teeredes, *teredes	*tenrán, terrán, teerán, *terán
	conditional	*tenria, *tinria, terria, *teeria, teria	*tenrias, *tinrias, *terrias, *teerias, terias	tenria, tinria, terria, teeria, teria	*tenriamos, *tenríamos, *tinriamos, *tinríamos, *terriamos, *terríamos, teeriamos, teeríamos, teriamos, teríamos	*tenriades, *tenríades, *tinriades, *tinríades, terriades, terríades, *teeriades, *teeríades, *teriades, *teríades	*tenrian, *tinrias, terrian, *teerian, terian
subjunctive mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	tenha	tenhas	tenha	tenhamos	tenhades	tenhan
	imperfect	tevesse, tivesse, *tovesse	*tevesses, *tivesses, *tovesses	tevesse, tivesse, tovesse	tevessemos, tevéssemos, *tivessemos, *tivéssemos, *tovessemos, *tovéssemos	tevessedes, tevéssedes, *tivessedes, *tivéssedes, tovessedes, tovéssedes	tevessen, tivessen, tovessen
	future	tever, *tiver, tover	*teveres, tiveres, toveres	tever, tiver, tover	tevermos, *tivermos, *tovermos	teverdes, tiverdes, toverdes	teveren, tiveren, toveren
imperative mood		—	tu	—	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	—
affirmative		—	tẽe, ten	—	tenhamos	tẽede, *tende, *teede, tede	—
negative		—	non tenhas	—	non tenhamos	non tenhades	—
personal infinitive		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
		*tẽer, teer, *ter	tẽeres, teeres, teres	tẽer, teer, ter	tẽermos, teermos, termos	tẽerdes, teerdes, terdes	tẽeren, teeren, *teren

Further reading

• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “ter”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2020–2026), “ter”, in Vocabulário histórico-cronológico do português medieval [Historical and chronological vocabulary of Medieval Portuguese] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa

Old Prussian

Etymology

Perhaps cognate to Lithuanian and Latvian te (“here!, here you are!”), or to the related Lithuanian te- (prefix), which can either express the hortative mood — as in tedirba, "may he work" — or, more pertinently, the meaning "only" — as in teturiu, "I have only". Possibly more distantly related to Russian тепе́рь (tepérʹ, “now”) and to Ancient Greek τῆ (tê, “here!”).

Alternatively, the Prussian morpheme -er- may be functionally equivalent to Latvian -ik-, Lithuanian -ik-, -iek-. For example, er (“until”) parallels Lithuanian iki, ik, and erains (“everyone”) parallels Latvian ikviens. Under this hypothesis, ter would be composed of t- (demonstrative prefix) + -er (suffix denoting extent), and thus be equivalent to Lithuanian tik (“only”) or tiek (“that much”).

Adverb

ter

1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: 1. only, merely; 2. than, other than.

   ter ains ― alone (literally, “only one”)

   • 1561, Martin Luther, translated by Abel Will & Paul Megott, Stas Likuts Catechismus [The Small Catechism], →OCLC, page 115, line 25:

     bhe kai ſteſmu nimaſſi kittawidin pogalbton boūt / ter kai tans praſtan Crixtiſnan is Deiwan naunagimton

     and that he may not be helped in any other way / [only; other than] that he was born new through baptism out of God

Usage notes

In the Old Prussian corpus, this only occurs one time outside of the combination ter ains; see the quotation above. In the original German text of the Catechism, the word denn (“than”) was used:

vnnd das jhm nicht anders geholffen werden moͤge / denn das es durch die Tauffe auß Gott Newgeboren

and that he may not be helped in any other way / than that he was born new through baptism out of God

Accordingly, Nesselmann glosses ter as als (“than”), which has displaced denn in this sense in modern German. However, there are good reasons to think that it may literally mean "only", discussed in the etymology above, and this is the meaning assumed by Fraenkel, Endzelīns, and Mažiulis. Schmalstieg mentions both potential meanings.

Portuguese

Alternative forms

• têr (obsolete)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese teer, from earlier Old Galician-Portuguese tẽer, Latin tenēre.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈte(ʁ)/ [ˈte(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈte(ʁ)/ [ˈte(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈte(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈte(ʁ)/ [ˈte(χ)]
  • (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ˈte(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈteɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈteɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈte.ɾi/

• Audio (Brazil (São Paulo)):

  (file)

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ter

Verb

ter (first-person singular present tenho, first-person singular preterite tive, past participle tido)

1. to have
   1. (transitive) to own; to possess; to have; to have got

      Synonym: possuir

      Tenho uma bela casa.

      I have a beautiful house.

      • 2005, J. K. Rowling, translated by Lia Wyler, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 19:

        Estou perfeitamente satisfeito com a segurança que tenho [...]

        I'm perfectly happy with the security I have [...]

      • 2012, Luís Fernando Veríssimo, “Natal branco”, in Diálogos Impossíveis, Rio de Janeiro: Editora Objetiva, →ISBN, page 49:

        No portão de entrada está escrito "Entrance" em vez de "Entrada" e todas as ruas têm nomes em inglês, como "Flower Lane" e "Sunshine Street".

        In the entrance gate, it's written “Entrance” instead of “Entrada” and all the streets have English names, such as “Flower Lane” and “Sunshine Street”.

   2. (intransitive) to be rich, to have plenty of money; or, to have enough money to live comfortably

      Os caridosos sempre ajudam os que menos têm.

      The charitable always help those who don’t have enough.

   3. (transitive) to have as a component or to consist of

      Synonyms: possuir, consistir de

      Esta frase tem cinco palavras.

      This sentence has five words.

      As lanças têm cabos compridos.

      Spears have long shafts.

      • 2012, John E. Gamble, Arthur A. Thompson Jr., Fundamentos da Administração Estratégica, 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 242publisher=AMGH Editora:

        O iRiver Spinn era um player de vídeo e áudio com estilo, do tamanho de um cartão de crédito, que tinha um display LCD de 3,3 polegadas.

        iRiver Spinn was a stylish video and audio player, the size of a credit card, that had a 3.3-inch LCD display.

   4. (transitive) to have (to be related in some way to, with the object identifying the relationship)

      Este livro tem dono.

      This book has an owner.

      Tenho três irmãs.

      I have three sisters.

   5. (transitive) to be in possession of; to have as part of one’s personal effects; to have in hand

      Synonym: carregar

      O senhor tem a sua carteira?

      Do you have your wallet on you?

   6. (transitive) to consist of a certain amount of units of measurement

      Tenho quarenta anos.

      I am forty years old.

      (literally, “I have forty years”)

      Tenho 1,78 m de altura.

      I am 1.78 m tall.

      Esta caneta tem dez centímetros.

      This pen is ten centimeters long.

   7. (transitive) to have a certain characteristic

      Este jogo não tem graça.

      This game isn’t fun.

      (literally, “this game doesn’t have fun”)

      As palavras que dizes têm significado.

      The words you say have meaning.

      • 2008, Magno Constantino, Manual De Magia & Bruxaria Cigana, Clube de Autores, page 80:

        Você deve ter cuidado com falsos amigos, do tipo "amigo-urso".

        You must have caution with fake friends, the backstabbing kind.

   8. (transitive) to be afflicted with a certain disease or other medical condition

      Synonyms: sofrer de

      Tens um resfriado.

      You have a cold.

      • 1890, Aluizio Azevedo, O Cortiço, Rio de Janeiro: B. L. Garnier:

        Naquela manhã levantara-se ainda um pouco mais lânguido que do costume, porque passara mal a noite. A velha Isabel, que lhe ficava ao lado esquerdo, ouvindo-o suspirar com insistência, perguntou-lhe o que tinha.

        That morning he had gotten up a little more sluggish than usual, because he had been ill all night. The old woman Isabel, who was standing next to him on the left, heard him sighing insistently and asked him what he had.

   9. (transitive) indicates that the subject has an event (the object) scheduled

      Temos uma partida de xadrez daqui a uma semana.

      We have a chess match in a week.

   10. (Brazil, intransitive) to receive one’s wage

       Synonym: receber

       Ainda não tive esse mês.

       I still haven’t received my wage this month.

   12. (auxiliary, taking a masculine singular past participle) used in forming the perfect aspect

       Synonym: haver

       Já tínhamos comido bolo.

       We had eaten cake already.

       Tenho comido muita carne ultimamente.

       I have been eating a lot of meat lately.

       Eu o teria comprado, se tivesse dinheiro.

       I would have bought it, if I had money.

       • 2006, Rinaldo de Fernandes, Quartas histórias: contos baseados em narrativas de Guimarães Rosa, Editora Garamond, →ISBN, page 99:

         Ninguém ia desconfiar dele com aquela cara de abestado. Até que era bom ter cara de abestado, nunca que fossem pensar que tinha sido ele.

         No one was going to suspect him with that stupid face. It was even good to have a stupid face: they would never think it had been him.

2. (auxiliary, with de or que + infinitive) See ter de, ter que.
3. (Brazil, informal, impersonal, transitive) there be (to exist, physically or abstractly)

   Synonyms: haver, existir (personal)

   Amanhã terá aula.

   There will be class tomorrow.

   Tem países em guerra naquela região.

   There are countries at war in that region.

   • 1970, Léo Canhoto, Robertinho, “Rock Bravo Chegou Para Matar”, in Rock Bravo Chegou para Matar:

     Amanhã no seu enterro terá muitas flores!

     Tomorrow at your funeral there will be many flowers!

   • 2014 [2006], Camila Kintzel, transl., Quebrada em grande estilo […] , São Paulo: Gutemberg, translation of Bitter is the New Black […] by Jen Lancaster, →ISBN, page 274:

     O mercado da esquina era nojento. Tinha gente de pé do lado de fora comendo manga e jogando os caroços no chão.

     The corner market was disgusting. There were people standing outside eating mangoes and throwing their stones on the ground.

4. (transitive) to give birth to

   Synonyms: dar à luz, parir

   A vaca terá um bezerro.

   The cow will give birth to a calf.

   Estou tendo gêmeos!

   I'm having twins!

5. (transitive) to consider (assign some quality to) [with direct object ‘someone’, along with por or como (+ copulative noun or adjective)]

   Synonym: considerar

   Todos têm João por inteligente.

   Everyone considers John to be intelligent.

   João o tinha como amigo.

   John considered him a friend.

6. (transitive) to go to; to interact [with com ‘with someone’]
   • 1948, Bíblia Sagrada, edição Almeida Revista e Corrigida, Provérbios 6:6

   Vá ter com a formiga, ó preguiçoso; considera os seus caminhos e sê sábio.

   Go to the ant, you sluggard; consider its ways and be wise.

Usage notes

For verbs that have both short and long past participles — for example, morrer (“to die”), whose short past participle is morto and long one is morrido — when ter is used as an auxiliary verb, the long one is generally used (like haver, and unlike ser and estar). However, for some verbs, short past participles are more common than long ones (e.g. aceito, eleito, gasto, ganho, pego, and salvo).

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ter (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	ter
Personal	ter	teres	ter	termos	terdes	terem
Gerund
	tendo
Past participle
Masculine	tido			tidos
Feminine	tida			tidas
Indicative
Present	tenho	tens	tem	temos	tendes	têm
Imperfect	tinha	tinhas	tinha	tínhamos	tínheis	tinham
Preterite	tive	tiveste	teve	tivemos	tivestes	tiveram
Pluperfect	tivera	tiveras	tivera	tivéramos	tivéreis	tiveram
Future	terei	terás	terá	teremos	tereis	terão
Conditional	teria	terias	teria	teríamos	teríeis	teriam
Subjunctive
Present	tenha	tenhas	tenha	tenhamos	tenhais	tenham
Imperfect	tivesse	tivesses	tivesse	tivéssemos	tivésseis	tivessem
Future	tiver	tiveres	tiver	tivermos	tiverdes	tiverem
Imperative
Affirmative		tem	tenha	tenhamos	tende	tenham
Negative (não)		não tenhas	não tenha	não tenhamos	não tenhais	não tenham

Derived terms

• não tem de que
• não ter nada a ver
• que que tem?
• ter a ver
• ter com quê
• ter para si
• ter por bem
• ter por onde

Related terms

• ater
• conter
• deter
• reter
• tenente
• tenor
• teor

Further reading

• “ter”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
• “ter”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “ter”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026
• “ter”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “ter”, in Dicio – Dicionário Online de Português (in Portuguese), São Paulo: 7Graus, 2009–2026

Salar

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *tẹr (“sweat”).

Noun

ter

1. sweat

References

Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “ter”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow: Nauka

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• te
• tere

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *teže, from Proto-Slavic *te + *že.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ter/

Conjunction

ter (Cyrillic spelling тер)

1. (Croatia, poetic, archaic) and

   Synonyms: i, te

Spanish

Adverb

ter

1. three times

Coordinate terms

• bis
• cuáter
• quater
• quáter

Further reading

• “ter”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025
• Seco, Manuel; Andrés, Olimpia; Ramos, Gabino (2023), “ter”, in Diccionario del español actual (in Spanish), third digital edition, Fundación BBVA
• ter | Diccionario de la lengua española (2001) | RAE - ASALE

Sumerian

Romanization

ter

1. romanization of 𒌁 (ter)

Swedish

Verb

ter

1. present indicative of te

Anagrams

• ert, tre

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish تر (ter, “sweat”), from Proto-Turkic *tẹr (“sweat”). Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (ter), Karakhanid تَرْ (ter), Azerbaijani tər, etc.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tæɾ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æɾ

Noun

ter

1. sweat

Declension

Declension of ter

singular plural nominative ter terler definite accusative teri terleri dative tere terlere locative terde terlerde ablative terden terlerden genitive terin terlerin Possessive forms nominative singular plural 1st singular terim terlerim 2nd singular terin terlerin 3rd singular teri terleri 1st plural terimiz terlerimiz 2nd plural teriniz terleriniz 3rd plural terleri terleri definite accusative singular plural 1st singular terimi terlerimi 2nd singular terini terlerini 3rd singular terini terlerini 1st plural terimizi terlerimizi 2nd plural terinizi terlerinizi 3rd plural terlerini terlerini dative singular plural 1st singular terime terlerime 2nd singular terine terlerine 3rd singular terine terlerine 1st plural terimize terlerimize 2nd plural terinize terlerinize 3rd plural terlerine terlerine locative singular plural 1st singular terimde terlerimde 2nd singular terinde terlerinde 3rd singular terinde terlerinde 1st plural terimizde terlerimizde 2nd plural terinizde terlerinizde 3rd plural terlerinde terlerinde ablative singular plural 1st singular terimden terlerimden 2nd singular terinden terlerinden 3rd singular terinden terlerinden 1st plural terimizden terlerimizden 2nd plural terinizden terlerinizden 3rd plural terlerinden terlerinden genitive singular plural 1st singular terimin terlerimin 2nd singular terinin terlerinin 3rd singular terinin terlerinin 1st plural terimizin terlerimizin 2nd plural terinizin terlerinizin 3rd plural terlerinin terlerinin Predicative forms singular plural 1st singular terim terlerim 2nd singular tersin terlersin 3rd singular ter terdir terler terlerdir 1st plural teriz terleriz 2nd plural tersiniz terlersiniz 3rd plural terler terlerdir

Derived terms

• terlemek
• terli
• terlik

Further reading

• “ter”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

Uzbek

Other scripts

Arabic	Afghan Uzbek
	Yangi Imlo	تر
Cyrillic		тер‍
Latin		ter‍

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tẹr (“sweat”).

Noun

ter

2. sweat (fluid that exits the body through pores)

Derived terms

• terlamoq

Vietnamese

Etymology

From French ter, from Latin ter (“thrice”).

Adverb

ter

1. (in street numbering) b; designating a third house with the same number.

See also

• bis
• kép

References

• Đỗ Phi Hùng (13 February 2012), “Vẫn loay hoay trong "mê hồn trận" số nhà”, in Tuổi Trẻ‎^[9] (in Vietnamese), Ho Chi Minh City, retrieved 12 March 2022

Volapük

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [teɾ]

Noun

ter (genitive tera, plural ters)

1. aunt or uncle

Declension

Declension of ter

	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ter	ters
Genitive	tera	teras
Dative	tere	teres
Accusative	teri	teris
Predicative1	teru	terus
Vocative	o ter	o ters

1. Introduced in Volapük Nulik.

Hyponyms

• zian (“aunt”)
• ziom (“uncle”)

Derived terms

• hiter (“uncle”)
• jiter (“aunt”)