rapum

Latin

Alternative forms

• rāpa

Etymology

Etymology tree

substratebor.

Proto-Indo-European *(s)rā́ps

Proto-Indo-European *(s)rāpóm

Proto-Italic *rāpom

Latin rāpum

From Proto-Italic *rāpom, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)rā́ps; see also German Rübe (“turnip, rape”), Old High German ruoba, Middle Dutch roeve, Lithuanian rope, Old Church Slavonic репа (repa), Ancient Greek ῥάφη (rháphē, “turnip”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈraː.pũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈraː.pum]

Noun

rāpum n (genitive rāpī); second declension

Brassica rapa subsp. rapa

1. turnip

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	rāpum	rāpa
genitive	rāpī	rāpōrum
dative	rāpō	rāpīs
accusative	rāpum	rāpa
ablative	rāpō	rāpīs
vocative	rāpum	rāpa

Synonyms

• (turnip): nāpus

Derived terms

• rāpistrum
• rāpulum

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: rapo, rapa
  • Sicilian: rapa
  • Venetan: rava
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: râf, râv
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Emilian: rava, rèva
  • Ligurian: rava
  • Lombard: raa, rava
  • Piedmontese: rava
  • Romagnol: rèva
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Northern:
    • Franco-Provençal: râva
      • → Middle French: rave
        • French: rave
    • Old French: reve (hapax)
  • Southern:
    • >? Catalan: rap
    • Occitan: raba
      • Gascon: arraba, ⇒ rabon
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: rabo
  • Asturian: rabu
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: rabo, rrabo
    • Fala: rabu
    • Galician: rabo
    • Portuguese: rabo
  • Old Spanish: rabo, rrabo
    • Ladino: ravo / ראב׳ו
    • Spanish: rabo
      • Chavacano: rabo
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: raba, arraba, rava
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *rāpācea
  • Catalan: rabassa

Borrowings

• • → Albanian: rrepë
  • → Middle Dutch: rape
    • Dutch: raap (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ German: Raps (see there for further descendants)
  • → Middle English: rape
    • English: rape

References

• “rapum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "rapum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “rapum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Old English

Noun

rāpum

1. dative plural of rāp