modulus

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from French module as Latin modulus. Doublet of module and mold.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈmɒdjʊləs/, /-dʒʊ-/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈmɑdʒələs/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɒdjʊləs, -ɒdʒələs

Noun

modulus (plural moduli)

1. (mathematics) The base with respect to which a congruence is computed.
2. (mathematics) The absolute value of a complex number.
3. (physics) A coefficient that expresses how much of a certain property is possessed by a certain substance.
4. (physics) A scalar field controlling the shape and size of extra dimensions in a compactification.
5. (computing, programming) An operator placed between two numbers, to get the remainder of the division of those numbers.

Synonyms

• (programming): mod, %

Derived terms

• bulk modulus
• elastic modulus
• hydromodulus
• modulo
• modulus of elasticity
• modulus of rigidity
• modulus of rupture
• rigidity modulus
• shear modulus
• Young's modulus

Translations

base with respect to which a congruence is computed

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 系数 (zh) (xìshù)

• Esperanto: absoluta valoro, modulo
• Finnish: moduuli (fi)
• French: module (fr)
• Icelandic: leifastofn m
• Polish: wartość bezwzględna f, moduł (pl) m
• Russian: мо́дуль (ru) m (módulʹ)
• Tagalog: kawagsan

absolute value of a complex number

• Esperanto: absoluta valoro, modulo
• Finnish: itseisarvo (fi), moduuli (fi)
• French: module (fr)
• Greek: όρισμα (el) n (órisma)
• Icelandic: lengd (is) f, algildi n, tölugildi n
• Polish: moduł (pl) m
• Russian: мо́дуль (ru) m (módulʹ)
• Tagalog: kawagsan

coefficient that expresses how much of a certain property is possessed by a certain substance

• Polish: moduł (pl) m
• Russian: мо́дуль (ru) m (módulʹ)
• Spanish: módulo (es) m
• Tagalog: litdami

computing, programming: type of operator

• Finnish: moduuli (fi)
• Polish: dzielenie z resztą n

Further reading

• Modulus in the 1920 edition of Encyclopedia Americana.

Dutch

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin modulus. Doublet of module and mal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmoː.dy.lʏs/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: mo‧du‧lus

Noun

modulus m (plural moduli, no diminutive)

1. (mathematics) modulus (absolute value of a complex number)
2. (physics) modulus (coefficient)

Derived terms

• elasticiteitsmodulus

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /moˈdulus/
• Rhymes: -ulus
• Syllabification: mo‧du‧lus

Verb

modulus

1. conditional of moduli

Hungarian

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin modulus (“measure, rhythm”), diminutive of modus (“measure; manner, way”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈmoduluʃ]
• Hyphenation: mo‧du‧lus
• Rhymes: -uʃ

Noun

modulus (plural modulusok)

1. modulus

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	modulus	modulusok
accusative	modulust	modulusokat
dative	modulusnak	modulusoknak
instrumental	modulussal	modulusokkal
causal-final	modulusért	modulusokért
translative	modulussá	modulusokká
terminative	modulusig	modulusokig
essive-formal	modulusként	modulusokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	modulusban	modulusokban
superessive	moduluson	modulusokon
adessive	modulusnál	modulusoknál
illative	modulusba	modulusokba
sublative	modulusra	modulusokra
allative	modulushoz	modulusokhoz
elative	modulusból	modulusokból
delative	modulusról	modulusokról
ablative	modulustól	modulusoktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	modulusé	modulusoké
non-attributive possessive – plural	moduluséi	modulusokéi

Possessive forms of modulus

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	modulusom	modulusaim
2nd person sing.	modulusod	modulusaid
3rd person sing.	modulusa	modulusai
1st person plural	modulusunk	modulusaink
2nd person plural	modulusotok	modulusaitok
3rd person plural	modulusuk	modulusaik

Derived terms

• Young-féle modulus

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *med-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Italic *medos

Latin modus

Proto-Indo-European *-lós

Proto-Indo-European *-elós

Proto-Italic *-elos

Latin -ulus

Latin modulus

From modus (“measure; manner, way”) + -ulus (diminutive suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈmɔ.dʊ.ɫʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈmɔː.du.lus]

Noun

modulus m (genitive modulī); second declension

1. diminutive of modus (“measure, metre, mode; method”):
   1. a small measure or interval
   2. (architecture) a module
   3. (aqueducts) a water meter
   4. (music) a rhythmical measure, interval, rhythm, mode, time

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	modulus	modulī
genitive	modulī	modulōrum
dative	modulō	modulīs
accusative	modulum	modulōs
ablative	modulō	modulīs
vocative	module	modulī

Derived terms

• modulātē
• modulātiō
• modulātor
• modulātus
• modulor

Related terms

• modus

Descendants

• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *modellus
  • Italian: modello (see there for further descendants)
  • Venetan: modèl
• Borrowings:
  • → Catalan: mòdul, mòdol
  • → English: modulus
  • → French: module
    • → Dutch: module, moduul
      • → Indonesian: modul
    • → English: module
    • → Romanian: modul
    • → Turkish: modül
  • → German: Model
  • → Italian: modulo
  • → Occitan: mòtle
  • → Old Catalan: motle
    • Catalan: motlle
    • → Spanish: molde
      • • → Portuguese: molde
  • → Old French: modle, mole
    • French: moule
    • → Middle English: molde, moolde, moulde
      • English: mold, mould
      • Scots: muild
  • → Polish: moduł
  • → Portuguese: módulo
  • → Russian: мо́дуль (módulʹ)
  • → Spanish: módulo

References

• “modulus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “modulus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "modulus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “modulus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “modulus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin