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gul

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "gul"
Languages (31)
Translingual • English
Albanian • Aleut • Bouyei • Bura • Cornish • Danish • Dutch • Faroese • Indonesian • Irish • Khalaj • Mangas • Middle English • North Frisian • Northern Kurdish • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Polish • Scottish Gaelic • Southwestern Dinka • Sumerian • Swedish • Tedim Chin • Turkmen • Uzbek • Volapük • Welsh • Zazaki • Zou
Page categories

Translingual

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Etymology

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Clipping of English Gullah.

Symbol

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gul

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Gullah.

See also

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English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Classical Persian گُل (gul, “flower”).

Noun

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gul (plural guls)

  1. Any medallionlike design on a Central or West Asian rug.

Anagrams

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Albanian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Albanian *gula, from Proto-Indo-European *gelH-; cognate with English callow, Serbo-Croatian gol, Latvian gāle (“sheet of ice, black ice”).[1] Possibly related to ngul.

Adjective

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gul (feminine gule)

  1. (Arbëresh) hornless

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Oryol, Vladimir E. (1998), “gul”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 126

Aleut

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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gul

  1. (Western) to go through

References

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Bouyei

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Etymology

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From Proto-Tai *kuːᴬ (“I; me”), *kawᴬ (“I; me”). Cognate with Thai กู (guu), Zhuang gou.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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gul (Bouyei character 故)

  1. I; me

See also

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Bouyei personal pronouns
Person Singular Plural
1st exclusive gul dul, hocdul, bozdul, jongsdul
inclusive rauz, raz, hocrauz, hocraz, bozrauz, bozraz, jongsrauz, jongsraz
humble wois, weis bozwois, bozweis, jongswois, jongsweis
2nd mengz sul, hocsul, bozsul, jongssul, riel, hocriel, bozriel, jongsriel
3rd deel hocdeel, bozdeel, jongsdeel

Bura

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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gul

  1. small hole

References

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Cornish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inflected forms in gwr- are from Proto-Brythonic *gwrėɣɨd, from Proto-Celtic *wregeti. Cognate with Welsh gwneud, Breton ober (conjugation in gr-).

Verb

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gul (irregular)

  1. to do, make

Conjugation

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Conjugation of gul
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
indicative present/future gwrav gwredh gwra gwren gwrewgh gwrons gwrer
preterite gwrug gwrussys gwrug gwrussyn gwrussowgh gwrussons gwrug
imperfect gwren gwres gwre gwren gwrewgh gwrens gwres
pluperfect gwrussen gwrusses gwrussa gwrussen gwrussewgh gwrussens gwrussys
subjunctive present/future gwrylliv gwrylli gwrello gwryllyn gwryllowgh gwrellons gwreller
imperfect gwrellen gwrelles gwrella gwrellen gwrellewgh gwrellens gwrellys
imperative — gwra gwres gwren gwrewgh gwrens —
non-finites present participle ow kul verbal adjective gwrys

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutation of gul
radical soft aspirate hard mixed
gul wul unchanged kul hwul,
wul*

* after 'th
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Danish

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Etymology

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From Old Danish guul, from Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɡuːˀl/, [ɡ̊uˀl], [kuˀl]

Adjective

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gul (neuter gult, plural and definite singular attributive gule)

  1. yellow

Inflection

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Inflection of gul
positive comparative superlative
indefinite common singular gul gulere gulest2
indefinite neuter singular gult gulere gulest2
plural gule gulere gulest2
definite attributive1 gule gulere guleste

1 When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
2 The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

See also

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Colors in Danish · farver (layout · text)
     hvid      grå      sort
             rød; højrød, mørkerød              orange; brun              gul; flødefarvet
             lime, lysegrøn              grøn, mørkegrøn              mintgrøn
             cyan; turkis, lyseblå              azurblå, himmelblå              blå, mørkeblå
             violet; indigo              magenta; lilla              lyserød, rosa

References

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Dutch

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɣʏl/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: gul
  • Rhymes: -ʏl

Etymology 1

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Uncertain. Probably cognate with West Frisian gol (“kind of heart”), Middle English gulle (“friendly”). A relation to gutsen has been suggested.[1]

Adjective

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gul (comparative guller, superlative gulst)

  1. generous, unselfish
  2. unsparing, plentiful
  3. hearty, cordial
    Hij lachte gul.
    He laughed heartily.
Declension
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Declension of gul
uninflected gul
inflected gulle
comparative guller
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial gul guller het gulst
het gulste
indefinite m./f. sing. gulle gullere gulste
n. sing. gul guller gulste
plural gulle gullere gulste
definite gulle gullere gulste
partitive guls gullers —
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Middle Dutch *gul(le) (attested only in the diminutive gullekijn). Uncertain, but plausibly related to geel (“yellow”).

Noun

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gul m or f (plural gullen, diminutive gulletje n)

  1. young cod

References

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  1. ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “gul”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Faroese

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Adjective

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gul

  1. inflection of gulur:
    1. feminine nominative singular
    2. neuter nominative/accusative plural

Indonesian

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul, “flower, rose”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gul (plural gul-gul) (archaic, obsolete)

  1. synonym of bunga (“flower”)
  2. synonym of mawar (“rose”)

Further reading

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Irish

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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gul m

  1. alternative form of dul (as a verbal noun only)

References

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  1. ^ Wagner, Heinrich (1959), Gaeilge Theilinn: Foghraidheacht, Gramadach, Téacsanna [The Irish of Teelin: Phonetics, Grammar, Texts] (in Irish), Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath [Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies], section 411, page 151; reprinted 1979

Khalaj

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Perso-Arabic گُل

Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian گل (gul).

Pronunciation

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  • (Xarrâbî) IPA(key): [ɡʊl], [ɡo̝l]

Noun

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gul (definite accusative gulı, plural gullar)

  1. flower

Declension

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Declension of gul
singular plural
nominative gul gullar
genitive gulııñ gullarııñ
dative gulqa gullarqa
definite accusative gulı gulları
locative gulça gullarça
ablative gulda gullarda
instrumental gulla gullarla
equative gulvâra gullarvâra

References

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  • Doerfer, Gerhard (1980), Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó

Mangas

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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gul

  1. bone

References

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  • Blench, Robert; Bulkaam, Michael (2021) An Introduction to Mantsi, a South Bauchi language of Central Nigeria. University of Cambridge.

Middle English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Germanic *gulaz.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈɡul(ə)/, /ˈɡoːl(ə)/

Adjective

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gul

  1. (Late Middle English) yellow, pale

Descendants

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  • ⇒ Scots: golgrav

See also

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Colors in Middle English · coloures, hewes (layout · text)
     whit      grey, hor      blak
             red; cremesyn, gernet              citrine, aumbre; broun, tawne              yelow, dorry, gul; canevas
             grasgrene              grene             
             plunket; ewage              asure, livid              blew, blo, pers
             violet; inde              rose, murrey; purpel, purpur              claret

References

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North Frisian

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Chemical element
Au Next: kwaksalwer (Hg)

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian gold, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰl̥tóm (“gold”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“yellow”).

Noun

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gul n

  1. (Föhr-Amrum) gold

Northern Kurdish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul).

Noun

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gul f

  1. flower

Derived terms

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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From Old Norse gulr.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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gul (masculine and feminine gul, neuter gult, definite singular and plural gule, comparative gulere, indefinite superlative gulest, definite superlative guleste)

  1. yellow

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Germanic *gulaz. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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gul (neuter gult, definite singular and plural gule, comparative gulare, indefinite superlative gulast, definite superlative gulaste)

  1. yellow

Derived terms

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See also

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Colors in Norwegian Nynorsk · fargar (layout · text)
     kvit      grå      svart
             raud              oransje; brun              gul
                          grøn             
             (turkis)                           blå
                          rosa; lilla              rosa

References

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Polish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Onomatopoeic.

Interjection

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gul

  1. sound a turkey makes; gobble
  2. sound of bubbling; gurgle

Etymology 2

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See ghul.

Noun

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gul m animal

  1. (Islam) alternative spelling of ghul
Declension
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Declension of gul
singular plural
nominative gul gule
genitive gula gulów
dative gulowi gulom
accusative gula gule
instrumental gulem gulami
locative gulu gulach
vocative gulu gule

Etymology 3

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Clipping of gwoli.

Preposition

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gul

  1. (Central Greater Poland, Środa Wielkopolska, Pleszew) synonym of gwoli

Etymology 4

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

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gul f

  1. genitive plural of gula

Further reading

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  • gul in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • gul in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Jan Karłowicz (1901), “gwoli”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 2: F do K, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 152

Scottish Gaelic

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Noun

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gul m (genitive singular guil)

  1. verbal noun of guil

Southwestern Dinka

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Noun

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gul

  1. jaw

References

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  • Dinka-English Dictionary‎[1], 2005

Sumerian

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Romanization

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gul

  1. romanization of 𒄢 (gul)

Swedish

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Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv
gula rapsblommor [yellow rapeseed flowers]
en gul plasthink [a yellow plastic bucket]

Etymology

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From Old Norse gulr, from Proto-Germanic *gulaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“green, yellow”).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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gul (comparative gulare, superlative gulast)

  1. yellow
    • 1980, Docent Död, “Solglasögon [Sunglasses]”, in Docent [Docent [associate professor, roughly]]‎[2]:
      Bakom mina solglasögon kan jag va' [vara] mig själv. Allting blir så vackert genom ... Genom mina solglasögon är ljuset alltid gult. Allting känns så riktigt bakom ...
      Behind my sunglasses, I can be myself. Everything turns so beautiful through ... Through my sunglasses, the light is always yellow. Everything feels so right behind ...

Declension

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Inflection of gul
Indefinite positive comparative superlative1
common singular gul gulare gulast
neuter singular gult gulare gulast
plural gula gulare gulast
masculine plural2 gule gulare gulast
Definite positive comparative superlative
masculine singular3 gule gulare gulaste
all gula gulare gulaste

1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
2 Dated or archaic.
3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Noun

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gul

  1. yellow
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See also

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Colors in Swedish · färger (layout · text)
     vit      grå      svart
             röd; karmosin, karmosinröd, blodröd              orange (common), brandgul (now uncommon); brun              gul; beige
             limegrön              grön              mintgrön
             turkos (common), cyan (rare); blågrön, teal              himmelsblå, azur              blå
             lila, violett, gredelin (light lavender, now uncommon); indigo              magenta; purpur              rosa (common), skär (uncommon)

References

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Tedim Chin

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Etymology

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From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruul, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mrul.

Noun

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gul

  1. snake

References

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  • Zomi Ordbog based on the work of D.L. Haokip

Turkmen

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kul (“slave, servant”). Cognate to Turkish kul (“slave, servant”)

Noun

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gul (definite accusative guly, plural gullar)

  1. slave
  2. servant

Declension

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Declension of gul
singular plural
nominative gul gullar
accusative guly gullary
genitive guluň gullaryň
dative gula gullara
locative gulda gullarda
ablative guldan gullardan

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • “gul” in Enedilim.com
  • “gul” in Webonary.org

Uzbek

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Etymology

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Inherited from Chagatai گل (gül), from Classical Persian گُل (gul). Compare Uyghur گۈل (gül) / гүл (gül), Turkish gül, etc.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɡʊl/, [ɡ˖ʏl]
  • Hyphenation: gul

Noun

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gul (plural gullar)

  1. flower

Declension

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The template Template:uz-decl-noun does not use the parameter(s): 
1=gul
2=gullar
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.

Declension of gul
singular plural
nominative gul gullar
genitive gulning gullarning
dative gulga gullarga
definite accusative gulni gullarni
locative gulda gullarda
ablative guldan gullardan
similative guldek gullardek
Possessive forms of gul
1st person singular
singular plural
nominative gulim gullarim
genitive gulimning gullarimning
dative gulimga gullarimga
definite accusative gulimni gullarimni
locative gulimda gullarimda
ablative gulimdan gullarimdan
similative gulimdek gullarimdek
2nd person singular
singular plural
nominative guling gullaring
genitive gulingning gullaringning
dative gulingga gullaringga
definite accusative gulingni gullaringni
locative gulingda gullaringda
ablative gulingdan gullaringdan
similative gulingdek gullaringdek
3rd person singular
singular plural
nominative guli gullari
genitive gulining gullarining
dative guliga gullariga
definite accusative gulini gullarini
locative gulida gullarida
ablative gulidan gullaridan
similative gulidek gullaridek
1st person plural
singular plural
nominative gulimiz gullarimiz
genitive gulimizning gullarimizning
dative gulimizga gullarimizga
definite accusative gulimizni gullarimizni
locative gulimizda gullarimizda
ablative gulimizdan gullarimizdan
similative gulimizdek gullarimizdek
2nd person plural
singular plural
nominative gulingiz gullaringiz
genitive gulingizning gullaringizning
dative gulingizga gullaringizga
definite accusative gulingizni gullaringizni
locative gulingizda gullaringizda
ablative gulingizdan gullaringizdan
similative gulingizdek gullaringizdek
3rd person plural
singular plural
nominative guli gullari
genitive gulining gullarining
dative guliga gullariga
definite accusative gulini gullarini
locative gulida gullarida
ablative gulidan gullaridan
similative gulidek gullaridek

Synonyms

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Volapük

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Etymology

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From Latin angulus (“angle, corner”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gul (genitive gula, plural guls)

  1. angle
  2. corner

Declension

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Declension of gul
Singular Plural
Nominative gul guls
Genitive gula gulas
Dative gule gules
Accusative guli gulis
Predicative1 gulu gulus
Vocative o gul o guls
  1. Introduced in Volapük Nulik.

Welsh

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Adjective

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gul

  1. soft mutation of cul (“narrow”)

Mutation

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Mutated forms of cul
radical soft nasal aspirate
cul gul nghul chul

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Zazaki

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Etymology

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Compare Persian گل (gol).

Noun

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gul

  1. rose

Zou

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Gul.

Etymology

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From Proto-Kuki-Chin *ruul, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-ruːl. Cognates include Khimi Chin mägui and Tibetan སྦྲུལ (sbrul).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gul

  1. snake, serpent

References

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  • Chungkham Yashawanta Singh; Lukram Himmat (2013), A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, page 40
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