emotion

See also: Emotion and émotion

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French emotion (modern French émotion), from émouvoir (“excite”), based on Latin ēmōtus, past participle of ēmoveō (“to move out, move away, remove, stir up, irritate”), from ē- (“out”) (variant of ex-), and moveō (“move”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/
• (General American, Canada) IPA^(key): /ɪˈmoʊ.ʃən/, /iˈmoʊ.ʃən/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Audio (Canada):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -əʊʃən

Noun

emotion (countable and uncountable, plural emotions)

1. (obsolete) Movement; agitation. [16th–18th c.]
   • 1758, “Observations on a slight Earthquake”, in Philosophical Transactions‎^[1], volume L, page 246:

     and the water continuing in the caverns […] caused the emotion or earthquake

2. A person's internal state of being and involuntary physiological response to an object or a situation, based on or tied to physical state and sensory data.
   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter V, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     He was thinking; but the glory of the song, the swell from the great organ, the clustered lights, […] , the height and vastness of this noble fane, its antiquity and its strength—all these things seemed to have their part as causes of the thrilling emotion that accompanied his thoughts.

   • 2011 November 9, Susanne Gargiulo, “Emotional intelligence in the workplace”, in CNN‎^[2]:

     “Just think about the last big decision you made. How much of it was based in emotion and how much was based in intellect? Most all big decisions are based in both.” […] Historically, placing weight on emotions has been dismissed. “What’s remarkable is that for so many years, people didn’t see emotions as conveying important messages,” he says.

3. A reaction by a non-human organism with behavioral and physiological elements similar to a person's response.

Synonyms

• (person's internal state of being): feeling, affect

Derived terms

• appeal to emotion
• counteremotion
• ememe
• emotag
• emoticon
• emotionable
• emotional
• emotioned
• emotionful
• emotioning
• emotionize
• emotionless
• emotionlike
• emotionology
• expressed emotion
• metaemotion
• nonemotion
• proto-emotion
• unemotioned

Related terms

English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mew- (0 c, 3 e)

Translations

person's internal state of being

• Afrikaans: emosie
• Albanian: ndjenjë (sq) f, emocion (sq) m
• Arabic: عَاطِفَة f (ʕāṭifa), (plural:) عَوَاطِف f pl (ʕawāṭif), إِحْسَاس (ar) m (ʔiḥsās)
• Armenian: զգացմունք (hy) (zgacʻmunkʻ), հույզ (hy) (huyz)
• Asturian: emoción f
• Azerbaijani: emosiya, duyğu (az)
• Belarusian: эмо́цыя f (emócyja), пачуццё (be) n (pačuccjó)
• Bengali: অনুভূতি (bn) (onubhuti)
• Breton: santad (br)
• Bulgarian: чу́вство (bg) n (čúvstvo), емо́ция (bg) f (emócija)
• Burmese: စိတ်ရှုတ်ခြင်း (cithruthkrang:)
• Catalan: emoció (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Literary Chinese: 情 (qíng), 感 (gǎn)

  Mandarin: 感情 (zh) (gǎnqíng), 情感 (zh) (qínggǎn)

• Coptic: ϫⲟⲩϥ ⲛ̀ϩⲏⲧ m (jouf ǹhēt), ⲁⲓⲥⲑⲏⲥⲓⲥ f (aisthēsis)
• Czech: emoce (cs) f
• Danish: følelse (da), emotion c
• Dutch: emotie (nl) f
• Esperanto: emocio
• Estonian: emotsioon (et)
• Finnish: tunne (fi), tuntu (fi), tuntemus (fi)
• French: émotion (fr) f
• Galician: emoción (gl) f
• Georgian: ემოცია (emocia)
• German: Gefühl (de) n, Empfindung (de) f Emotion (de) f
• Greek: συναίσθημα (el) n (synaísthima)

  Ancient Greek: πάθος n (páthos)

• Hebrew: רֶגֶשׁ (he) m (régesh)
• Hindi: भावना (hi) f (bhāvnā)
• Hungarian: érzés (hu), érzelem (hu)
• Icelandic: geðshræring (is) f
• Ido: emoco (io)
• Indonesian: emosi (id)
• Ingrian: cuvstva
• Irish: mothúchán (ga)
• Italian: emozione (it) f
• Japanese: 感情 (ja) (かんじょう, kanjō), 心緒 (しんしょ, shinsho)
• Kazakh: эмоция (émosiä), сезім (kk) (sezım)
• Khmer: អារម្មណ៍ (km) (ʼaarɑm)
• Korean: 감정(感情) (ko) (gamjeong)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: his (ku)

• Kyrgyz: эмоция (ky) (emotsiya)
• Lao: ອາລົມ (ʼā lom)
• Latin: affectus m, sensus (la) m
• Latvian: emocija f
• Lithuanian: emocija f
• Macedonian: чувство n (čuvstvo), емо́ција f (emócija)
• Maltese: emozzjoni f
• Māori: panapana (strong), kakare, aurongo
• Middle English: talent
• Mongolian: сэтгэлийн хөдөлгөөн (setgeliin xödölgöön)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: følelse (no) m, emosjon (no) m

• Pali: ārammaṇa
• Pannonian Rusyn: емоция f (emocija), чувство n (čuvstvo)
• Pashto: احساس (ps) m (ehsās)
• Persian: احساس (fa) (ehsâs), هیجان (fa) (hijân)
• Plautdietsch: Jefeel n
• Polish: emocja (pl) f, uczucie (pl)
• Portuguese: emoção (pt) f
• Romanian: emoție (ro)
• Russian: эмо́ция (ru) f (emócija), чу́вство (ru) n (čúvstvo) (the first "в" is silent)
• Samogitian: emuocėjė f
• Scottish Gaelic: faireachdainn f, (strong) reachd f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: осећај m, чувство n, емоција f

  Latin: osećaj m, čuvstvo (sh) n, emocija (sh) f

• Slovak: emócia (sk) f
• Slovene: čustvo (sl) n
• Spanish: afecto (es) m, emoción (es) f
• Swedish: känsla (sv) c, emotion (sv)
• Tagalog: sandandam, emosyon (tl), damdamin (tl)
• Tajik: эҳсос (ehsos), кайфият (kayfiyat)
• Tamil: உணர்வு (ta) (uṇarvu), உணர்ச்சி (ta) (uṇarcci)
• Thai: อารมณ์ (th) (aa-rom)
• Tocharian B: eṅkäl
• Turkish: duygu (tr), his (tr)
• Turkmen: duýgy
• Ukrainian: емо́ція f (emócija), почуття́ (uk) n (počuttjá)
• Urdu: جَذْبَات m (jaẕbāt)
• Uyghur: ھېسىيات (hësiyat), تۇيغۇ (tuyghu), كەيپىيات (keypiyat)
• Uzbek: emotsiya (uz), his (uz), tuygʻu (uz), hissiyot (uz), kayfiyat (uz)
• Vietnamese: cảm xúc (vi)
• Welsh: emosiwn (cy) m

Further reading

• “emotion”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• emotion in Keywords for Today: A 21st Century Vocabulary, edited by The Keywords Project, Colin MacCabe, Holly Yanacek, 2018.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “emotion”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

Danish

Noun

emotion c (singular definite emotionen, plural indefinite emotioner)

1. emotion

Declension

Declension of emotion

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	emotion	emotionen	emotioner	emotionerne
genitive	emotions	emotionens	emotioners	emotionernes

Further reading

• “emotion” in Den Danske Ordbog