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absolver

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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Etymology tree
English absolve
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzios
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
English -er
English absolver

    From absolve + -er.

    Pronunciation

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    • (US) IPA(key): /æbˈzɑl.vɚ/, /əbˈzɑl.vɚ/

    Noun

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    absolver (plural absolvers)

    1. Agent noun of absolve; one who absolves. [First attested in the late 16th century.][1]
      • c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:
        […] how hast thou the heart,
        Being a divine, a ghostly confessor,
        A sin-absolver, and my friend profess’d,
        To mangle me with that word ‘banished’?
      • 1684, Richard Baxter, Whether Parish Congregations Be True Christian Churches‎[1], London: Thomas Parkhurst, page 2:
        […] few men dislike the Lay-Excommunicators and Absolvers more than I do […]

    Translations

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    References

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    1. ^ Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “absolver”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 9.

    Aragonese

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    Etymology

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    From Latin absolvō.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /absolˈbe(ɾ)/
    • Syllabification: ab‧sol‧ver
    • Rhymes: -e(ɾ)

    Verb

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    absolver

    1. (transitive) to absolve

    Galician

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    Etymology

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    From Latin absolvere.

    Pronunciation

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    This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

    Verb

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    absolver (first-person singular present absolvo, first-person singular preterite absolvín, past participle absolvido, short past participle absolto)

    1. (transitive) to absolve
    2. (transitive) to acquit
      Synonym: exculpar

    Conjugation

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        Conjugation of absolver (irregular short past participle)
    Singular Plural
    First-person
    (eu)     		Second-person
    (ti)     		Third-person
    (el / ela / Vde.)     		First-person
    (nós)     		Second-person
    (vós)     		Third-person
    (eles / elas / Vdes.)
    Infinitive
    Impersonal absolver
    Personal absolver absolveres absolver absolvermos absolverdes absolveren
    Gerund
    absolvendo
    Short past participle
    Masculine absolto1 absoltos1
    Feminine absolta1 absoltas1
    Long past participle
    Masculine absolvido2 absolvidos2
    Feminine absolvida2 absolvidas2
    Indicative
    Present absolvo absolves absolve absolvemos absolvedes absolven
    Imperfect absolvía absolvías absolvía absolviamos absolviades absolvían
    Preterite absolvín absolviches absolveu absolvemos absolvestes absolveron
    Pluperfect absolvera absolveras absolvera absolveramos absolverades absolveran
    Future absolverei absolverás absolverá absolveremos absolveredes absolverán
    Conditional absolvería absolverías absolvería absolveriamos absolveriades absolverían
    Subjunctive
    Present absolva absolvas absolva absolvamos absolvades absolvan
    Imperfect absolvese absolveses absolvese absolvésemos absolvésedes absolvesen
    Future absolver absolveres absolver absolvermos absolverdes absolveren
    Imperative
    Affirmative absolve absolva absolvamos absolvede absolvan
    Negative (non) non absolvas non absolva non absolvamos non absolvades non absolvan

    1Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
    2Usually used with auxiliary verbs haber and ter.

        Reintegrated conjugation of absolver (irregular short past participle) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
    Singular Plural
    First-person
    (eu)     		Second-person
    (ti / tu)     		Third-person
    (ele / ela / você)     		First-person
    (nós)     		Second-person
    (vós)     		Third-person
    (eles / elas / vocês)
    Infinitive
    Impersonal absolver
    Personal absolver absolveres absolver absolvermos absolverdes absolverem
    Gerund
    absolvendo
    Short past participle
    Masculine absolto1 absoltos1
    Feminine absolta1 absoltas1
    Long past participle
    Masculine absolvido2 absolvidos2
    Feminine absolvida2 absolvidas2
    Indicative
    Present absolvo absolves absolve absolvemos absolvedes, absolveis absolvem
    Imperfect absolvia absolvias absolvia absolvíamos absolvíades, absolvíeis, absolvíais3 absolviam
    Preterite absolvim, absolvi absolveste, absolveche3 absolveu absolvemos absolvestes absolvêrom, absolveram
    Pluperfect absolvera absolveras absolvera absolvêramos absolvêrades, absolvêreis, absolvêrais3 absolveram
    Future absolverei absolverás absolverá absolveremos absolveredes, absolvereis absolverám, absolverão
    Conditional absolveria absolverias absolveria absolveríamos absolveríades, absolveríeis, absolveríais3 absolveriam
    Subjunctive
    Present absolva absolvas absolva absolvamos absolvades, absolvais absolvam
    Imperfect absolvesse absolvesses absolvesse absolvêssemos absolvêssedes, absolvêsseis absolvessem
    Future absolver absolveres absolver absolvermos absolverdes absolverem
    Imperative
    Affirmative absolve absolva absolvamos absolvede, absolvei absolvam
    Negative (nom) nom absolvas nom absolva nom absolvamos nom absolvades, nom absolvais nom absolvam

    1Usually used with auxiliary verbs ser and estar.
    2Usually used with auxiliary verbs haver and ter.
    3Less recommended.

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    Further reading

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    Norwegian Bokmål

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /absɔlˈʋeːr/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes: -eːr
    • Hyphenation: ab‧sol‧ver

    Verb

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    absolver

    1. imperative of absolvere

    Portuguese

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    Etymology

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep
    Proto-Indo-European *-o
    Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó
    Proto-Italic *ap
    Latin abder.
    Latin ab-
    Proto-Indo-European *s(w)éder.
    Latin se-
    Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁-
    Proto-Indo-European *-éti
    Proto-Indo-European *luh₁éti
    Proto-Italic [Term?]
    Latin luō
    Latin solvō
    Latin absolverelbor.
    Portuguese absolver

      Learned borrowing from Latin absolvere.

      Pronunciation

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      • (Brazil) IPA(key): /a.bi.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [a.bi.soʊ̯ˈve(h)], /ab.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [ab.soʊ̯ˈve(h)]
        • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /a.bi.sowˈve(ɾ)/ [a.bi.soʊ̯ˈve(ɾ)], /ab.sowˈve(ɾ)/ [ab.soʊ̯ˈve(ɾ)]
        • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /a.bi.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [a.bi.soʊ̯ˈve(χ)], /ab.sowˈve(ʁ)/ [ab.soʊ̯ˈve(χ)]
        • (Caipira) IPA(key): /a.bi.sowˈve(ɻ)/ [a.bi.soʊ̯ˈve(ɻ)], /ab.sowˈve(ɻ)/ [ab.soʊ̯ˈve(ɻ)]
       
      • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐb.solˈveɾ/ [ɐβ.soɫˈveɾ], /ɐb.sɔlˈveɾ/ [ɐβ.sɔɫˈveɾ]
        • (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐb.solˈbeɾ/ [ɐβ.soɫˈβeɾ], /ɐb.sɔlˈbeɾ/ [ɐβ.sɔɫˈβeɾ]
        • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ɐb.solˈve.ɾi/ [ɐb.soɫˈve.ɾi], /ɐb.sɔlˈve.ɾi/ [ɐb.sɔɫˈve.ɾi]

      • Hyphenation: ab‧sol‧ver

      Verb

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      absolver (first-person singular present absolvo, first-person singular preterite absolvi, past participle absolvido)

      1. to absolve
      2. (law) to acquit
      3. to forgive

      Conjugation

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          Conjugation of absolver (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
      Singular Plural
      First-person
      (eu)       		Second-person
      (tu)       		Third-person
      (ele / ela / você)       		First-person
      (nós)       		Second-person
      (vós)       		Third-person
      (eles / elas / vocês)
      Infinitive
      Impersonal absolver
      Personal absolver absolveres absolver absolvermos absolverdes absolverem
      Gerund
      absolvendo
      Past participle
      Masculine absolvido absolvidos
      Feminine absolvida absolvidas
      Indicative
      Present absolvo absolves absolve absolvemos absolveis absolvem
      Imperfect absolvia absolvias absolvia absolvíamos absolvíeis absolviam
      Preterite absolvi absolveste absolveu absolvemos absolvestes absolveram
      Pluperfect absolvera absolveras absolvera absolvêramos absolvêreis absolveram
      Future absolverei absolverás absolverá absolveremos absolvereis absolverão
      Conditional absolveria absolverias absolveria absolveríamos absolveríeis absolveriam
      Subjunctive
      Present absolva absolvas absolva absolvamos absolvais absolvam
      Imperfect absolvesse absolvesses absolvesse absolvêssemos absolvêsseis absolvessem
      Future absolver absolveres absolver absolvermos absolverdes absolverem
      Imperative
      Affirmative absolve absolva absolvamos absolvei absolvam
      Negative (não) não absolvas não absolva não absolvamos não absolvais não absolvam
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      Further reading

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      Spanish

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      Etymology

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      Borrowed from Latin absolvere and adapted to the conjugations of the native solver.

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): /absolˈbeɾ/ [aβ̞.solˈβ̞eɾ]
      • Audio (Colombia):(file)
      • Rhymes: -eɾ
      • Syllabification: ab‧sol‧ver

      Verb

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      absolver (first-person singular present absuelvo, first-person singular preterite absolví, past participle absuelto)

      1. (transitive) to absolve
      2. (transitive) to acquit

      Conjugation

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          Conjugation of absolver (irregular; o-ue alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
      infinitive absolver
      gerund absolviendo
      past participle masculine feminine
      singular absuelto absuelta
      plural absueltos absueltas
      singular plural
      1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
      indicative yo tú
      vos       		él/ella/ello
      usted       		nosotros
      nosotras       		vosotros
      vosotras       		ellos/ellas
      ustedes
      present absuelvo absuelvestú
      absolvésvos       		absuelve absolvemos absolvéis absuelven
      imperfect absolvía absolvías absolvía absolvíamos absolvíais absolvían
      preterite absolví absolviste absolvió absolvimos absolvisteis absolvieron
      future absolveré absolverás absolverá absolveremos absolveréis absolverán
      conditional absolvería absolverías absolvería absolveríamos absolveríais absolverían
      subjunctive yo tú
      vos       		él/ella/ello
      usted       		nosotros
      nosotras       		vosotros
      vosotras       		ellos/ellas
      ustedes
      present absuelva absuelvastú
      absolvásvos2       		absuelva absolvamos absolváis absuelvan
      imperfect
      (ra)       		absolviera absolvieras absolviera absolviéramos absolvierais absolvieran
      imperfect
      (se)       		absolviese absolvieses absolviese absolviésemos absolvieseis absolviesen
      future1 absolviere absolvieres absolviere absolviéremos absolviereis absolvieren
      imperative — tú
      vos       		usted nosotros
      nosotras       		vosotros
      vosotras       		ustedes
      affirmative absuelvetú
      absolvévos       		absuelva absolvamos absolved absuelvan
      negative no absuelvas no absuelva no absolvamos no absolváis no absuelvan

      1Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
      2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

          Selected combined forms of absolver (irregular; o-ue alternation)

      These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

      singular plural
      1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
      with infinitive absolver dative absolverme absolverte absolverle, absolverse absolvernos absolveros absolverles, absolverse
      accusative absolverme absolverte absolverlo, absolverla, absolverse absolvernos absolveros absolverlos, absolverlas, absolverse
      with gerund absolviendo dative absolviéndome absolviéndote absolviéndole, absolviéndose absolviéndonos absolviéndoos absolviéndoles, absolviéndose
      accusative absolviéndome absolviéndote absolviéndolo, absolviéndola, absolviéndose absolviéndonos absolviéndoos absolviéndolos, absolviéndolas, absolviéndose
      with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative absuelve dative absuélveme absuélvete absuélvele absuélvenos not used absuélveles
      accusative absuélveme absuélvete absuélvelo, absuélvela absuélvenos not used absuélvelos, absuélvelas
      with informal second-person singular voseo imperative absolvé dative absolveme absolvete absolvele absolvenos not used absolveles
      accusative absolveme absolvete absolvelo, absolvela absolvenos not used absolvelos, absolvelas
      with formal second-person singular imperative absuelva dative absuélvame not used absuélvale, absuélvase absuélvanos not used absuélvales
      accusative absuélvame not used absuélvalo, absuélvala, absuélvase absuélvanos not used absuélvalos, absuélvalas
      with first-person plural imperative absolvamos dative not used absolvámoste absolvámosle absolvámonos absolvámoos absolvámosles
      accusative not used absolvámoste absolvámoslo, absolvámosla absolvámonos absolvámoos absolvámoslos, absolvámoslas
      with informal second-person plural imperative absolved dative absolvedme not used absolvedle absolvednos absolveos absolvedles
      accusative absolvedme not used absolvedlo, absolvedla absolvednos absolveos absolvedlos, absolvedlas
      with formal second-person plural imperative absuelvan dative absuélvanme not used absuélvanle absuélvannos not used absuélvanles, absuélvanse
      accusative absuélvanme not used absuélvanlo, absuélvanla absuélvannos not used absuélvanlos, absuélvanlas, absuélvanse
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      Further reading

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