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Suomi

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: suomi, šuomi, and Šuomi

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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Borrowed from Finnish Suomi.

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Suomi

  1. Finland (a country in Northern Europe).
  2. The Finnish language.
    • 1877, Abel Hovelacque, The Science of Language, page 90
      Suomi occupies the greater part of Finland
    • 1888, Canon Isaac Taylor, "The Origin and Primitive Seat of the Aryans", The journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume 17, page 266
      The Finnic languages show that the primitive people were clad only in the skins of animals since the skin or hide of an animal is kut in Wotiak, ked in Mordwin and kete in Suomi.
    • 2011, John O'Neill and Steve Johansson, "Ladies and the Vamps", Knights of the Dinner Table: The Java Joint, →ISBN, page 32:
      "I THOUGHT HIS SITE WAS ENTIRELY IN SUOMI." "IF THAT MEANS IT'S GOT MORE DOTS OVER THE VOWELS THAN AN EIGHTIES HEAVY METAL ALBUM, I'LL TAKE YOUR WORD FOR IT."
  3. A surname from Finnish.
    • 2013 May 13, Judith Shulevitz, “The Lethality of Loneliness”, in The New Republic‎[2], archived from the original on 31 March 2015:
      What Suomi has that Harlow did not have is technology.

Noun

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Suomi pl (plural only)

  1. The Finns.
    • 1893 Anatole Leroy-Beaulieu, The Empire of the Tsars and the Russians, translation of the third edition by Z.A. Ragozin, page 69
      Over and above the 1,800,000 odd they number in Finland, the Suomi come in for about 250,000 more in the population of the adjacent Russian governments.
    • 1963, Francis Peabody Magoun Jr. (trans.), The Kalevala: Or, Poems of the Kaleva District
      the original homeland of the Suomi tribe (suomalaiset).
    • 1987, Gabriel Weisberg & Laurinda Dixon, The Documented Image, page 191
      the mythology of the Finnic peoples (the Suomi and Karelians)
    • 1997, Eric Christiansen, The Northern Crusades,
      Nevertheless, a community of Christians had been established among the Suomi (south-west Finns), and in 1215 there was a Finnish convert […] The motives of the Swedes who went into Suomi lands, and of the Suomi who accepted their faith and paid tithe to their bishop, can only be conjectured.

Noun

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Suomi (uncountable)

  1. (music) A freeform variation of psytrance music said to originate in Finland, where it is called suomisaundi.

References

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“Suomi”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present. “Suomi”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

Finnish

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Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fi
Suomi

Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *soomi, probably from earlier *sämä and related to Proto-Samic *sāmē (see the Proto-Finnic entry for more details and references). The name originally referred only to the area now known as Southwest Finland (Finnish Varsinais-Suomi (literally “Finland Proper”)). Cognates include Estonian Soome, Ingrian Soomi, Livonian sūomõ, Votic soomi and (borrowed) Northern Sami Suopma.

According to Mikko K. Heikkilä, first attested in 811 in the Royal Frankish Annals as an anthroponym (personal name).[1][2] Note however that Petri Kallio disputes that this word is an attestation of Suomi.[3]

The surname can be found already in the 17th century, but became common during the Fennicization of surnames in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[4]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsuo̯mi/, [ˈs̠uo̞̯mi]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -uomi
  • Syllabification(key): Suo‧mi
  • Hyphenation(key): Suo‧mi

Proper noun

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Suomi

  1. (uncountable) Finland (a country in Northern Europe)
    Synonyms: Suomenmaa, Suomen tasavalta
    Suomi on tasavalta.
    Finland is a republic.
  2. (archaic or historical) synonym of Varsinais-Suomi (“Southwest Finland”)
    Synonym: Suomenmaa
    • [811, chapter DCCCXI, in Annales regni Francorum [Royal Frankish Annals] (in Latin):
      de parte vero Danorum inprimis fratres Hemmingi, Hancwin et Angandeo, deinde ceteri honorabiles inter suos viri, Osfrid cognomento Turdimulo et Warstein et Suomi et Urm et alius Osfrid filius Heiligen et Osfrid *de Sconaowe et Hebbi et Aowin
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      (Whether this word is (meant to be) Suomi is disputed.)]
    • [1323, (Please provide the book title or journal name) (treaty; in Old Swedish):
      Wor gitzla lag aff Nogorde med watn oc fiske haffue Yleuesi halfft, Kokinkallio halfft, Watekiffui halfft, Somewesi halfft, Yxepæ halfft, Vrpelax halfft, […]
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)]
    • 1548, Mikael Agricola, “Alcupuhe”, in Se Wsi Testamenti:
      Sille ette ne Carialaiſet teit aina wahingota Hemeen ia Somen maan paͤle.
      [Sillä että ne karjalaiset teit aina vahinkota Hämeen ja Suomen maan päälle.]
      For the reason that the Karelians had again and again laid waste to Tavastian and Finnish lands.
  3. a Finnish surname

Declension

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Inflection of Suomi (Kotus type 7/ovi, no gradation)
nominative Suomi Suomet
genitive Suomen Suomien
partitive Suomea Suomia
illative Suomeen Suomiin
singular plural
nominative Suomi Suomet
accusative nom. Suomi Suomet
gen. Suomen
genitive Suomen Suomien
partitive Suomea Suomia
inessive Suomessa Suomissa
elative Suomesta Suomista
illative Suomeen Suomiin
adessive Suomella Suomilla
ablative Suomelta Suomilta
allative Suomelle Suomille
essive Suomena Suomina
translative Suomeksi Suomiksi
abessive Suometta Suomitta
instructive — Suomin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of Suomi (Kotus type 7/ovi, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative Suomeni Suomeni
accusative nom. Suomeni Suomeni
gen. Suomeni
genitive Suomeni Suomieni
partitive Suomeani Suomiani
inessive Suomessani Suomissani
elative Suomestani Suomistani
illative Suomeeni Suomiini
adessive Suomellani Suomillani
ablative Suomeltani Suomiltani
allative Suomelleni Suomilleni
essive Suomenani Suominani
translative Suomekseni Suomikseni
abessive Suomettani Suomittani
instructive — —
comitative — Suomineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative Suomesi Suomesi
accusative nom. Suomesi Suomesi
gen. Suomesi
genitive Suomesi Suomiesi
partitive Suomeasi Suomiasi
inessive Suomessasi Suomissasi
elative Suomestasi Suomistasi
illative Suomeesi Suomiisi
adessive Suomellasi Suomillasi
ablative Suomeltasi Suomiltasi
allative Suomellesi Suomillesi
essive Suomenasi Suominasi
translative Suomeksesi Suomiksesi
abessive Suomettasi Suomittasi
instructive — —
comitative — Suominesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative Suomemme Suomemme
accusative nom. Suomemme Suomemme
gen. Suomemme
genitive Suomemme Suomiemme
partitive Suomeamme Suomiamme
inessive Suomessamme Suomissamme
elative Suomestamme Suomistamme
illative Suomeemme Suomiimme
adessive Suomellamme Suomillamme
ablative Suomeltamme Suomiltamme
allative Suomellemme Suomillemme
essive Suomenamme Suominamme
translative Suomeksemme Suomiksemme
abessive Suomettamme Suomittamme
instructive — —
comitative — Suominemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative Suomenne Suomenne
accusative nom. Suomenne Suomenne
gen. Suomenne
genitive Suomenne Suomienne
partitive Suomeanne Suomianne
inessive Suomessanne Suomissanne
elative Suomestanne Suomistanne
illative Suomeenne Suomiinne
adessive Suomellanne Suomillanne
ablative Suomeltanne Suomiltanne
allative Suomellenne Suomillenne
essive Suomenanne Suominanne
translative Suomeksenne Suomiksenne
abessive Suomettanne Suomittanne
instructive — —
comitative — Suominenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative Suomensa Suomensa
accusative nom. Suomensa Suomensa
gen. Suomensa
genitive Suomensa Suomiensa
partitive Suomeaan
Suomeansa 		Suomiaan
Suomiansa
inessive Suomessaan
Suomessansa 		Suomissaan
Suomissansa
elative Suomestaan
Suomestansa 		Suomistaan
Suomistansa
illative Suomeensa Suomiinsa
adessive Suomellaan
Suomellansa 		Suomillaan
Suomillansa
ablative Suomeltaan
Suomeltansa 		Suomiltaan
Suomiltansa
allative Suomelleen
Suomellensa 		Suomilleen
Suomillensa
essive Suomenaan
Suomenansa 		Suominaan
Suominansa
translative Suomekseen
Suomeksensa 		Suomikseen
Suomiksensa
abessive Suomettaan
Suomettansa 		Suomittaan
Suomittansa
instructive — —
comitative — Suomineen
Suominensa

Derived terms

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proper nouns
verbs
compounds
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Descendants

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Statistics

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  • Suomi is the 461st most common surname in Finland, belonging to 1,770 individuals, according to August 2025 data from the Digital and Population Data Services Agency of Finland.

See also

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countries in Europe: Euroopan maat (appendix)edit

References

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  1. ^ Heikkilä, Mikko. (2016). Varhaissuomen äännehistorian kronologiasta. Sananjalka, 58(1), 136–158. [1]
  2. ^ Mikko K. Heikkilä (2021), Keskiajan suomen kielen dokumentoitu sanasto ensiesiintymävuosineen [Documented vocabulary of medieval Finnish with years of first attestation], 2nd expanded edition, Mediapinta, →ISBN, page 37
  3. ^ Kallio, Petri. Äännehistoriaa suomen kielen erilliskehityksen alkutaipaleilta. Sananjalka 59 (2017), p. 12
  4. ^ Mikkonen, Pirjo; Paikkala, Sirkka (2000), Sukunimet, Helsinki: Otava, →ISBN

Ingrian

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Suomen kartta.

Etymology

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Unadapted borrowing from Finnish Suomi. The native equivalent still exists as Soomi.

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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Suomi

  1. Finland (a country in Northern Europe)

Declension

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Declension of Suomi (type 5/lehti, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative Suomi —
genitive Suomen —
partitive Suomia —
illative Suomee —
inessive Suomees —
elative Suomest —
allative Suomelle —
adessive Suomeel —
ablative Suomelt —
translative Suomeks —
essive Suomenna, Suomeen —
exessive1) Suoment —
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

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References

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  • L. G. Terehova; V. G. Erdeli (1936), P. I. Maksimov and N. A. Iljin, transl., Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun neljättä klaassaa vart (toine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 46

Karelian

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Proper noun

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Suomi (genitive Suomen, partitive Suomie)

  1. superseded spelling of Šuomi: Finland (a country in Northern Europe)

References

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  • P. Zaykov; L. Rugoyeva (1999), “Suomi”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN

Livvi

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Livvi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia olo
Suomen kartu.

Etymology

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Probably either borrowed from or cognate with Finnish Suomi. ultimately from Proto-Finnic *soomi. Cognates include Estonian Soome and Karelian Suomi.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈsuo̯mi/
  • Hyphenation: Suo‧mi

Proper noun

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Suomi

  1. Finland (a country in Northern Europe)

Derived terms

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References

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  • Tatjana Boiko (2019), Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 266

Meänkieli

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Etymology

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See Finnish Suomi.

Proper noun

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Suomi

  1. Finland (a country in Northern Europe)
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